Skills Booklet Prep 3 Second Semester Final

Preparatory Three
English department
I.L.
Skills builder
Second Term
2019-2020
Name:…………………………….
Class:……………………………..
Teacher:………………………….
Date : / / 2020
Classwork / homework
Table of Contents
Skills
Reading Writing
Prediction………... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Narrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Context clues . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . 7 Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Recognizing main idea Biography. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Practice . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Hamlet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
Poetry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
“The more that you

read, the more
things you will know.
The more that you
learn, the more
places you’ll go.”
Stars Language School Preparatory Three

English Department -2- Skills builder
Date : / / 2020
1-Reading
 Read each statement and question. Then choose the best
answer.
1. The sweet scents coming

from Mrs. Olsen’s kitchen
were irresistible. What was
Mrs. Olsen making?
cookies
4. On the way to pick up Dad, Tim
pies
asked, “What time does he land?”
can’t tell
How was Dad arriving?
2. Thousands stood up and
cheered when the ball went into
by train
the net.
by plane
can’t tell
What sport were they watching?
5. Denise looked at the grade on
hockey
her math test and grimaced.
basketball
can’t tell
What kind of grade did Denise get?
higher than
3. “Look,” said Tammy, “This
expected
little candy bar has 280
lower than expected
calories!”
can’t tell
What was Tammy looking at?
the label on a wrapper

advertisement
can’t tell

Date : / / 2020
 A driver relies on signals to navigate the road. As you navigate

through reading, watch for signals the author uses to let you know
what’s coming.through reading, watch for signals the author uses to let
 Read each statement, paying special attention to the boldfaced

word or phrase and choose the best answer.
1. Every year Wes asks for a

chocolate cake for his birthday.
3. Dr. Taylor was silent as he examined
However, this year...
my overweight cat. Then he looked at
me and said, “Although he appears
O there’s more detail to
healthy now, this guy’s weight...”
come
O an opposite idea is
coming
come
O these ideas are in order
O an opposite idea is coming
2. Mrs. Washington assigned the
class a report. “You are to include
4. Merideth was obviously excited. She
at least three different kinds of
went right to the computer to e-mail
sources,” she instructed. “In
Sally. Earlier she had heard the news.
addition, you must...”
Now, she couldn’t wait...
come
come
O an opposite idea is coming
coming

Date : / / 2020
5. You probably imagine bears as

slow, lumbering creatures. In 6. Tom and Mike had been playing ball
contrast, bears can move very in the house against Mom’s rules
quickly for short distances. and broke a vase. They knew they
were in trouble and furthermore...
come O there’s more detail to
O an opposite idea is come
coming O an opposite idea is
O these ideas are in coming
order O these ideas are in order
7. Clay was down in the dumps. Art

asked him why. “For one thing, I
missed getting an A in math by two
points. Next, ...

come
coming
Name:

Date : / / 2020
 Here’s a chance to show your reading detective skills. What

signal is the author intending to give by using the words or
phrases below? Write each under the category in which it
belongs according the descriptions.
• as a result SIGNAL: An Important point is coming!

• a key feature __________________________________________
• therefore __________________________________________
__________________________________________
• rather
__________________________________________
• the main point
__________________________________________
• however
__________________________________________
• in summary
• yet SIGNAL: A comparison is coming!

• noteworthy __________________________________________
__________________________________________
• in conclusion
__________________________________________
• like; unlike
__________________________________________
• most of all
__________________________________________
• remember
__________________________________________
• consequently
• but
SIGNAL: A conclusion is coming!
__________________________________________
• hence
__________________________________________
• although
__________________________________________
• principally __________________________________________
__________________________________________
__________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
 Which word belongs in the sentence? Underline it. Then write

it in the puzzle. Use a dictionary if needed.
3 4
8 9
ACROSS
3. When accused, Sandy ____ taking the pencil. (denied / detailed)
5. A bat ____ on its hearing to navigate. (relieves / relies)
7. The sleeping cat was ____ by the loud noise. (startled / started)
8. The king put forth a ____ to the people. (degree / decree)
DOWN
1. The puppy ____ when she hurt her paw. (whispered / whimpered)
2. Lightning ____ the branch from the tree. (several / severed)
4. The boy’s size ____ in comparison to the giant’s. (paled / pulled)
6. The sailors ____ their gear in trunks. (stowe / stole)
9. The old man walked with a ____. (can / cane)
Sharpen your skills with words to increase your reading power.
Date : / / 2020
 Words with multiple meanings can trip you up. Try your hand with
the ones below.
 Read the various meanings for each word. Write the

number of the correct meaning.
Stand
1. to place in a vertical
3. Please stand for the flag salute. #______
position
2. to stay in a specific
position or condition;
rank 4. Dad said his decision will stand. #______
3. an opinion
4. to stay in effect
5. to endure 5. What is your stand on the issue? #______
6. to undertake or
perform duty
6. He will stand guard at the outpost. #______
1. Where does the team stand
in the playoffs? #______
2. She couldn’t stand the
screeching noise. #______
7. The ladder would hold up to

200 pounds. #______
Date : / / 2020
8. Will the weather hold for the weekend?

#______
9. The city will hold a meeting about traffic.

#______
10. Will you hold this for me for a minute?

#______
11. The speaker had a hold on the audience.

#______
12. Does this jar hold 16 ounces? #______
13. The baggage was placed in the hold.

#______
14. The wall did not hold back the water.

#______
15. The soldiers were able to hold the fort.

#_____
16. We put a hold on our mail during vacation.

#______
17. I hold the view that recycling is important.

#______
18. Will the old roof hold in a windstorm?

#______

Date : / / 2020
 Reading is like detective work. Clues to unknown words

can be found right among the words around it. This
strategy is called using context clues, and it !works
 Use context clues to figure out the meaning of the bold word. Write it
on the line.
 In math class, Jen passed the note to Sara

discreetly.
____________________________________
 The thirsty man yearned for a drink of water.
____________________________________
 The miner struck a new lode of coal.
____________________________________
 Old age did not hamper him one bit. • necessities
• strongly wished for
____________________________________
• hold back; adversely
 The explorers were running short on affect
provisions. • in a positive way
____________________________________ • destroy
• newborn
 Pirates were caught red-handed with the
contraband. • vulnerable to attack
• look alike; copy
____________________________________
• in a secretive way
• stolen goods
• members of the cat
family
• vein of mineral ore

English Department - 10 - Skills builder
Date : / / 2020
 Without shots, the animals were susceptible to disease.

__________________________________________________
 This is only a facsimile—the real gem is in the safe.
__________________________________________________
 The tiny infant remained in the neonatal ward.
__________________________________________________
 The tornado threatened to annihilate the small town.
__________________________________________________
 Unlike other felines, lions live in groups.
__________________________________________________
 Dad said nothing, but just nodded affirmatively.

__________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
 Here are two chances to show your context clue power. Just
follow the directions.
A. When Noreen wanted the space adjacent to her sister Karen’s room for
her computer, Karen got agitated. An argument ensued. Dad had to be
called in to adjudicate the dispute. Karen finally acquiesced to Noreen’s
plan.
Find the word in the story that best matches each meaning:
1. consented without protest: _______________________
2. act as judge: ___________________________
3. annoyed: ________________________
4. followed immediately: __________________________
5. next to; beside: ___________________________
 Describe a time you acquiesced to someone:
_______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
B. Sam is an amateur ichthyologist—he has several tanks of fresh and

saltwater fish in his room. He has plenty of equipment to ensure his
fish are happy and healthy— air pumps to infuse the water with
bubbles so that it is properly aerated, filters to remove contaminates,
and heaters to prevent hypothermia.
Find the word in the story that best matches each meaning:
1. put in; inject: _______________________
2. person who studies fish: _______________________________
3. below normal temperature: ________________________
4. supply with oxygen: __________________________
5. impurities: ___________________________
 Complete this statement: I consider myself an amateur

___________________________________.
 Now describe your activities related to this subject, interest, or hobby:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
 Hey reading detective...got the context clues? Here’s your

chance to solve a puzzle. Each answer is a simpler word for
the one in bold. You can look in the box for help, but watch
out—among the evidence you need is a lot you don’t.
3 4
5 6
10 11
ACROSS
1. The boat began to keel over.
3. Grandpa cannot recollect how he got that scar.
5. The king lifted his chalice to toast the knights.
6. After working on his truck, Joe was covered in
grime.
8. She loathed having to clean the horses’ stalls.
10. These faux pearls look like the real thing!
11. The speaker’s joke evoked a big guffaw.

Date : / / 2020
DOWN
1. The soldier stuck by his comrade.
2. Night came and the children fell into a deep HELP BOX
slumber. dirt grease
4. The officers hoisted the flag. fall sink
5. You seem to have no option but to go. army friend
7. We watched it metamorphose right before our remember collect
eyes. boards sleep
9. They began to converse in Spanish. urn cup
talk write
folded raised
loved hated
change die
white fake
way choice
laugh sigh

Date : / / 2020
 Read each text. Use context clues to help you complete the
statements.
A. A botanical garden is an area of flora in which plants are

grown chiefly for scientific, educational, or aesthetic
purposes. They usually surround an institution, such as a
university or museum.
1. Botany is the study of _______________________.

2. A synonym for plants is ______________________.
3. A word that means pleasing to the senses is
_________________________.
4. A university may have botanical gardens for the purpose of
________________________.
5. True or false: All botanical gardens are open to the public.
__________________________
B.
Beech is the name of a family of trees that grows in the
temperate regions of North America and Europe. It has papery
leaves and slender twigs. Its fruit, beechnuts, are edible. Its
wood is used for making furniture and for fuel.
1. Beechnuts are the ___________________ of the beech tree.

2. A synonym for areas is ______________________.
3. The word _________________________ describes a seasonal climate.
4. A word that means able to be eaten is _________________________.
5. True or false: Beech trees have paper leaves.
_________________________

Date : / / 2020
 Use context clues to figure out what the bold word means. Fill
in the correct bubble.
5. When Josh’s pet rabbit died, his

1. Having the forms filled out ahead friend Dave was unable to console
of time will expedite the process. him.
O explain in detail O reach by phone
O speed up; make O comfort; cheer
easier up
O neither O neither
2. The teacher was suspicious 6. Good news is cause for jubilation.
when she noticed the parity of
the two friends’ reports. O concern
O joy and
O similarity;
celebration
resemblance
O neither
O spelling errors
O neither
7. The rain forest was lush with
3. The warrior carried a shield and flowers, birds, and insects.
saber.
O heavily
O gun
filled
Ocannon
O wet
Oneither
O neither
4. After the horse show, Donna
carefully put all the horse’s tack 8. When Cynthia connected on a
away. map her city with New York and
Chicago, they formed an
O hay and feed isosceles triangle.
O riding O cold; frigid
equipment O having two equal-length
O neither sides
O neither

Date : / / 2020
9. The mules were laden with packs.

O laying down
O scoop for
liquids
O neither
10. The story of the sinking of the

Titanic will be presented in three
episodes.
O parts in a series
O events or
occurrences
O neither
11. Nothing could compel Kris to

believe the stories about UFO’s.
O turn away from
O convince;
persuade
O neither
12. The man only confessed under

duress.
O threat of
force
O bright lights
O neither

Date : / / 2020
 DiRead the story. Use context clues to figure out the possible
meanings of the words in bold. Then write them next to their
meanings below.
Today was the day Jamal had dreamed about for most of his 22 years. As he
stood in the tunnel waiting for the profound moment when he would first step
out on the field, he thought about how he had arrived at this point.
He smiled fondly at the mental picture of himself as a nine-year-old in an

oversized uniform. He recalled falling intermittently and fumbling the too-big
ball. Middle school was better, but still he made mistakes and a few times even
cost his team the game. In high school, he toiled long hours to get into top
physical shape and then crammed his nose into the books to keep his grades
high. It had paid off. He made it into a good college on a football scholarship.
Day in and day out, he studied, worked out, and practiced. The scouts took
notice of him, and when draft day came he waited nervously through a litany of
names until, yes, his was ultimately called. Third-round choice—the fourth
running back chosen overall.
The summer had been hot and grueling. Not only did he endure the
exhaustion of pushing his body to the limits in team practices and his mind
into learning dozens of formations in the team’s playbook, but he also took the
razzing that veteran players dish out to rookies, and the anxiety of possibly
being cut from the team.
But, here he was. The first game of the regular season. Just moments ago he
had donned his pads and proudly put on his uniform. As the crowd noise
swelled, so did his heart. He had made it onto a professional football team.

Date : / / 2020
1. extremely difficult and tiresome: __________________________
2. reciting of a list: ______________________
3. finally; at last; in the end: _____________________________
4. worked hard: ________________________________
5. teasing; playing pranks on: ______________________________
6. put on or dressed in: __________________________
7. rose; grew in size or strength: ___________________________
8. periodically; from time to time: _________________________
9. pushed; placed with intensity: _____________________________
10. people who search for those with particular talents:

___________________________
11. handling clumsily; dropping; loosing grip:

________________________________
12. deeply or intensely felt: _____________________________

Date : / / 2020
 Have you ever listened to someone giving you tons of details

and said, “What’s your point?” In reading, the “point” is the
main idea. Recognizing it is a good strategy.
 Read each group of three sentences. Decide which is the main

idea and which are details that support it. Then write main idea
or detail in front of each sentence.
A. ________________1. A pelican, for example, has a built-in scoop for fishing.

________________2. A leopard’s spots enable it to hide in wait, unnoticed, by its prey.
________________3. Many animals have special features that help them get food.
B. ________________1. Plankton is a mass of drifting microscopic plant and animal matter.

________________2. The word plankton comes from a Greek word meaning wandering.
________________3. Plankton is an important food source for ocean creatures.
e main idea

Date : / / 2020
 Read the story and underline the main idea. Then, answer the
questions YES or NO.
Samuel F. B. Morse
Samuel F. B. Morse is instantly
recognized as the inventor of Morse
Code—a widely used system of dots
and dashes transmitted over wire. His
device, the telegraph, eventually made
him wealthy and famous.
Though Morse is considered a

successful inventor, his success was
preceded by some very lean years.
Morse began not as an inventor but as
a painter. Although recognized as
talented, he did not make much
money at his craft. While on a ship
homeward bound from Europe, the
almost penniless Morse became
fascinated with the idea of sending
messages across wires.
He took a job as an art teacher and

used the little money he made to
work on his idea. In 1844, after 12
years of work, he finally succeeded in
impressing the world with his
invention.

Date : / / 2020
1. Was Morse Code named after 8. Is Samuel Morse still alive

its inventor? today?
_____________________________ ____________________________
2. Did Samuel Morse come from a

wealthy background?
_____________________________
3. Did Morse grow up knowing he

wanted to be an inventor?
_____________________________
4. Was Morse a recognized painter

before he invented the
telegraph?
_____________________________
5. Did Morse ever earn much

money from his invention?
_____________________________
6. Did Morse get his idea for the

telegraph while on a ship to
Europe?
_____________________________
7. Did Morse spend over a

decade working on his
invention?
_____________________________

Date : / / 2020
 As you read the paragraph about Pompeii, think about the

main idea of the passage, the relevant details, and what
doesn’t belong there. Then answer the questions below.
The word Pompeii brings to mind a picture of a city buried in volcanic ash
and the inhabitants caught frozen in time. But, when Mount Vesuvius
erupted in A.D. 79, engulfing the city of Pompeii, most of the people
escaped. It must have been a very frightening experience.
Though they did not have much time, many were able to carry off their
most valuable, moveable possessions to safety. Later, when the eruption
was over, some people tunneled back into buildings to remove even
more. The excavation of Pompeii is of immense importance, not for the
objects of value left behind, but for the incredible information it provides
about how the people of that time lived.
1. This paragraph is meant to be factual. Write the sentence that is an
opinion and does not belong.
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
2. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage: Instant
Destruction, Frozen in Time, The Real Value of Pompeii?
_____________________________________________________
3. Is the main idea of a paragraph always the first sentence?

_______________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
4. Why were few personal objects of value found in the excavation of

Pompeii?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Choose the sentence that best states the main idea of the paragraph:
a. The inhabitants of Pompeii were frightened.
b. Mount Vesuvius erupted in A.D. 79.
c. Some people escaped before the city was buried.
d. The excavation of Pompeii is of great historical importance.
e. Excavators were disappointed that few valuable objects were found.

Date : / / 2020
 A mile is a mile, or is it? Read this story to find out. Then answer
the questions.
A mile is a unit of length. But how far is it? That depends

on when and where you are.
The mile was first used by the Romans and defined as

1,000 paces of five feet, or roughly 5,000 feet. In fact, the
term mile comes from the Latin words milia passuum,
meaning a thousand paces. Technically,
if you were a Roman of short stature, your mile would be
shorter than that of your taller neighbor.
Around 1500, the mile was changed to 5,280 feet. Why?

Because in the 1500s Englishmen measured distances in 660-
foot furlongs, so the Queen made the mile 8 furlongs. The
United States adopted this mile and it remains the standard
length today—unless you live in a country that has a different
definition or that measures in the metric system. In the latter
case, a kilometer is 3,280.8 feet, or approximately 5/8 of a mile.
The mile we have been talking about so far applies to distance

on land, sometimes referred to as land mile or statute mile. On
sea or in air, a mile is something else—precisely 1/60 of a
degree of the distance around the earth. Therefore an air mile
or nautical mile is 6,076.1 feet. The international nautical mile
is equal to 1.1508 statute miles. A knot is a measurement of
speed. If a ship covers one nautical mile per hour, its speed is
one knot.
Now you have it all straight, right? As straight as a Roman mile!

Date : / / 2020
1. What was the author’s purpose: summarize, inform, or persuade?
_______________________________________________________________
2. If you walked a half mile, how many furlongs is that? How many feet?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
3. If a car went one mile per hour and a ship one knot, which covers more
distance?
_______________________________________________________________
4. What language was used by the Romans?
_______________________________________________________________
5. Which distance is shorter: a kilometer or a land mile?
_______________________________________________________________
6. In paragraph 3, what does the latter refer to?
_______________________________________________________________
7. What term used in the story refers to the ocean or sea?
_______________________________________________________________
8. What word in the story is a synonym for height?
_______________________________________________________________
9. Find a simile in the story:
_______________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
10. What is the difference between an air mile and a land mile?
_______________________________________________________________
11. What is the current length of a statute mile in the U.S.?
_______________________________________________________________
12. Give two meanings of the word knot:

_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
13. What is your opinion of this story and why?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
 A fiction story, as well as a factual one, can have a main idea.

Read this story.
 Then answer the questions.
“I said no, Denise, and I mean it.”
“But Mom...”
I held the little kitten in my arms. He mewed like a doll.
“Look, Mom—he’s so cute.”
“He also probably has fleas, needs shots, and...CUTE

does not pay for these things. Are you going to? Even if
you could pay the vet bill, which you can’t, there is still the
cost of feeding him every day and other expenses. You
don’t realize how much it costs to have a pet. We simply
can’t afford to add another one right now.”
I hung my head and looked as dejected as I possibly

could. It didn’t work. So I tried another approach.
“We can’t just leave him in the street to fend for himself ! He’d die!”
There was silence and for a moment I thought the guilt angle was working. I waited.
“Here’s what we can do...make that what YOU can do. Call your Aunt Sylvia. She
lives alone and may enjoy the company of a pet, and I know that she can afford it.
But, if she doesn’t want to adopt this stray, get back on the phone and call
everyone you know who might be willing. Someone will take him. He can stay on
the porch until you find him a home.”
At this point I knew I had lost. So, I called Aunt Sylvia. I didn’t even have to use
the sympathy or the guilt play. She actually said she had been thinking about
getting a cat and would be happy to have it.
“And, of course, Denise, you may come by any time to

visit us.” Well, maybe I didn’t lose after all.

Date : / / 2020
1. Choose the sentence that best summarizes the main idea of the story.
a. Parents often have to base decisions on financial circumstances.
b. Kids do not make enough money to support having pets.
c. It is important to find a stray a good home.
2. True or false? Denise’s mom did not care what happened to the stray.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
3. What two emotions did Denise try to illicit from her mom in order to get her
to change her mind about keeping the stray cat?
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
4. Which of the following do you think Denise’s mom values most highly:
taking responsibility, pleasing others, or not wasting money?
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
5. Copy the sentence that tells you whether or not Denise already had a pet.
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Date : / / 2020
2-Writing
A- Narrative writing
The definition of narrative is a piece of writing that tells a story
Narrative Elements
 The plot = events that occur in a story.

 The setting = time and place.
 The characters = the people in the story.
 The conflict = problem that is being resolved.
 The theme. What is the moral of the story?
 The dialogue
A Five-Point Narrative Arc
1. Exposition: the beginning of the story = who, where, and when.

2. Rising Action: story's suspense
3. Climax: the point of greatest tension.
4. Falling Action: problems being solved.
5. Resolution: the end of the story = all problems are solved.

Date : / / 2020
Types of NARRATORS:
First-Person point of view
Use personal pronouns, like "I" and "me" .
Second-Person point of view
Use the personal pronoun “you”. The writer speaks directly to the reader.
Third-Person point of view
Use pronouns like "he" or "she"
Which point of view is best?
 If you're telling a story from a personal perspective = first person.

 If you're providing the reader with information like in articles or text books =
second-person.
 If you want to tell a story from a broader point of view = third person.
Conflict
What makes a book or movie exciting? What makes you want to keep
reading? Conflict.
The most common kinds of conflict are:
 Man versus Self (internal) : Can be an mental disorder or choosing between

good and bad life path.
 Man versus Nature (external) : Natural disasters and weather.
 Man versus Man (external) : When you have both a protagonist (good guy)
and antagonist (bad guy) .
 Man versus Society (external) : against the traditions

Date : / / 2020
Dialogue
1. Use quotation marks “ …. ”
2. Each speaker gets their own paragraph
3. Make sure the reader knows who is speaking.
4. Make sure you deliver the feelings of the characters
Types of narrative writing
1. Realistic fiction: could be real as Jane Eyre
2. Fiction: not real as Goldilocks and the three bears
The Story of Goldilocks and the Three Bears
Once upon a time, there was a little girl named Goldilocks. She went for a walk in
the forest. Pretty soon, she came upon a house. She knocked and, when no one
answered, she walked right in.
At the table in the kitchen, there were three bowls of porridge. Goldilocks was
hungry. She tasted the porridge from the first bowl.
"This porridge is too hot!" she exclaimed.
So, she tasted the porridge from the second bowl.
"This porridge is too cold," she said
So, she tasted the last bowl of porridge.
"Ahhh, this porridge is just right," she said happily and she ate it all up.
After she'd eaten the three bears' breakfasts she decided she was feeling a little
tired. So, she walked into the living room where she saw three chairs. Goldilocks
sat in the first chair to rest her feet.
"This chair is too big!" she exclaimed.
So she sat in the second chair.
"This chair is too big, too!" she whined.

Date : / / 2020
So she tried the last and smallest chair.
"Ah, this chair is just right," she sighed. But just as she settled down into the chair to
rest, it broke into pieces!
Goldilocks was very tired by this time, so she went upstairs to the bedroom. She lay
down in the first bed, but it was too hard. Then she lay in the second bed, but it was
too soft. Then she lay down in the third bed and it was just right. Goldilocks fell
asleep.
As she was sleeping, the three bears came home.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," growled the Papa bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge," said the Mama bear.
"Someone's been eating my porridge and they ate it all up!" cried the Baby bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," growled the Papa bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair," said the Mama bear.
"Someone's been sitting in my chair and they've broken it all to pieces," cried the
Baby bear.
They decided to look around some more and when they got upstairs to the bedroom,
Papa bear growled, "Someone's been sleeping in my bed,"
"Someone's been sleeping in my bed, too" said the Mama bear
"Someone's been sleeping in my bed and she's still there!" exclaimed Baby bear.
Just then, Goldilocks woke up and saw the three bears. She screamed, "Help!" And
she jumped up and ran out of the room. Goldilocks ran down the stairs, opened the
door, and ran away into the forest. And she never returned to the home of the three
bears.

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B- Review
 Review = give information and opinion about something you have
experienced such as : a book you have read or a movie you have
seen.
 Why ?? to help the reader decide whether to buy the book or see
the movie.
 try to catch the reader's attention in the first paragraph.
 remember to support your arguments with examples.
 remember to give your recommendation in the last paragraph.
Plan
1-Introduction
 Introduce what you are reviewing.
 Expressions : If you like ….. / ……. Is worth a try
2-Main Paragraphs
 Describe the aspects and features and give further details in the
paragraph
 Expressions : What I liked most was .... / The thing I liked most was
... / The highlight for me was ....
 Expressions : What I disliked most was.../ I was disappointed by …./

The... was a real let-down./ I wasn't impressed by…../ That doesn't
mean that ….. / On the other hand, …….
3-Conclusion
 Summarise your points and give your recommendation.
 Expressions : I highly recommend ...... /I can't recommend it highly

enough... /….should not be missed.... /I wouldn't recommend ....

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C- Biograhy
 A biography is simply an account or detailed description about the life of a

person. It entails basic facts, such as childhood, education, career,
relationships, family, and death.
Famous Person Biography Example
Mark Player is the author of the critically-acclaimed novel, “Tools for Life.” He was
born on the 5th of August, 1997 and currently lives in New York although he lived in
Salt Lake City, Utah as a child.
Being the only child, he was lonely without any siblings to keep him company. He
gives credit to his family of instilling in him certain values that have served him well
throughout his life. His parents say that he always displayed a maturity beyond his
years and loved nothing more than sitting with his nose buried in a book.
As a dedicated reader, academic success wasn’t difficult for John, and he was a star
student throughout his school years, graduating as class valedictorian. He was the
editor of his school newspaper and actively involved in a number of other extra-
curricular activities.
John enrolled in the University of Utah for a Bachelor’s Degree in History and
English, and it wasn’t long before he became editor of the college magazine. He
also began writing various pieces he submitted to online magazines, and when they
were accepted, it gave him such a thrill he realized that he wanted to spend the rest
of his life writing. He loved the idea that he was able to take readers and transport
them to a different time and place.
After his degree, John began teaching as he was still not making enough money
from his writing. He loved teaching, but he never gave up his desire to write and
continued to submit short stories and articles to magazines.
He decided to finally pursue a master’s degree in creative writing that he credits with
the success of “Tools for Life.” This novel catapulted him in the limelight.
Furthermore, he drew attention from some of the novelists he had always looked up
for.
The book took two years to finish, and he started it while he was doing his MA. He
was writing a completely different novel that seemed to be going nowhere when his
tutor suggested he write a short story.

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He found this ironic as this is what he had been doing already, but he dutifully
abandoned his long novel and began writing another short story. He received so
much encouragement and positive feedback from his tutor and other students that
he found that he couldn’t stop writing.
The flow of words seemed effortless, and before he knew it, it had grown beyond a
short story, and he had a novel on his hands.
John’s novel went on to win the Whitbread First Novel Award which made him
understandably excited. He has another novel scheduled for publication in the
coming year. He has turned to crime fiction for his latest offering.
He is hoping that it will enjoy as much success as his previous novel, although it
is in a completely different genre. He assures fans of his first novel that it has the
plot intricacy and intriguing characters they loved in his first novel.

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Teacher Biography Example
As a young child, Julia Gonzalez watched her older siblings going to school, wishing
she too could go. Her aunt Elizabeth was a teacher, and Julia enjoyed sitting with
her when she graded papers or prepared her lesson.
When she started attending school, Miss Gonzalez found her drawn to her first
teacher, Ms. Edwards. She liked to help her teacher before and after school by
tidying up and cleaning the classroom. One day, Ms. Edwards put her star pupil in
charge of assisting a group of her peers with a reading activity.
Miss Gonzalez knew right then that she would one day become a teacher. From that
day forward, she would spend whatever free time she had taught her stuffed animals
the things she had learned at school each day.
As her school career progressed, Ms. Gonzalez showed herself to be a confident,

bright learner with a caring side. She would volunteer to tutor others in her favorite
subject, Math. Her Math teachers saw that she had a gift for simplifying and
explaining mathematical concepts. Being able to make Math accessible to struggling
students is not something just anyone can do. This unique talent set Ms. Gonzalez
aside from her peers.
On confiding her Math teacher that she hoped to follow in his footsteps, he knew
that he would make sure she gets a deserving opportunity. Ms. Gonzalez’s family
could not afford to send her to college. However, with assistance and help of faculty
at her school, she secured a scholarship to attend the University of Atlanta.
She would be the first member of her family to attend college, and they were very
proud of her. Her time at college was well-spent, as she studied to become a high
school Math teacher. She showed great promise as a mathematician. However, her
passion lay with sharing Math with others and making it fun to learn.
Ms. Gonzalez worked part-time to cover her additional study expenses. Despite the
challenges of balancing her studies and work, she found the time to volunteer at a
youth center where she helped students with their Math homework.
After graduating with honors in 2011, Ms. Gonzalez sought employment at Edgar F.
Allen High, a school in an impoverished inner-city area of Chicago. Here she would
spend the first years of her teaching career demystifying Math and making it
something her students looked forward to learning.
She has realized, with experience that the biggest obstacle to learning Math is the
mental block some students have when it comes to the subject. However, with her

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encouragement, several students who had been written off by previous Math
teachers have distinguished themselves in the subject.
The school’s management supported Ms. Gonzalez’s efforts to start an Advanced

Program Math course for her students. It is a much sought after privilege to attend
the course, with more than 100 students competing for one of the 30 spots in the
class. Outside the classroom, Ms. Gonzalez has been a passionate supporter of
initiatives that encourage girls to seek careers in the Math and Science sectors.

Date : / / 2020
Hamlet
Character List
Hamlet
- The Prince of Denmark, the title character, and the protagonist. About thirty years
old at the start of the play, Hamlet is the son of Queen Gertrude and the late King
Hamlet, and the nephew of the present king, Claudius. Hamlet is melancholy, bitter,
and cynical, full of hatred for his uncle’s scheming and disgust for his mother’s
sexuality. A reflective and thoughtful young man who has studied at the University of
Wittenberg, Hamlet is often indecisive and hesitant, but at other times prone to rash
and impulsive acts.
Claudius
- The King of Denmark, Hamlet’s uncle, and the play’s antagonist. The villain of the
play, Claudius is a calculating, ambitious politician, driven by his sexual appetites
and his lust for power, but he occasionally shows signs of guilt and human feeling—
his love for Gertrude, for instance, seems sincere.

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Queen Gertrude
- The Queen of Denmark, Hamlet’s mother, recently married to Claudius. Gertrude

loves Hamlet deeply, but she is a shallow, weak woman who seeks affection and
status more urgently than moral rectitude or truth.
Polonius
- The Lord Chamberlain of Claudius’s court, a pompous, conniving old man.

Polonius is the father of Laertes and Ophelia.
Horatio
- Hamlet’s close friend, who studied with the prince at the university in Wittenberg.
Horatio is loyal and helpful to Hamlet throughout the play. After Hamlet’s death,
Horatio remains alive to tell Hamlet’s story.
Ophelia
- Polonius’s daughter, a beautiful young woman with whom Hamlet has been in
love. Ophelia is a sweet and innocent young girl, who obeys her father and her
brother, Laertes. Dependent on men to tell her how to behave, she gives in to
Polonius’s schemes to spy on Hamlet. Even in her lapse into madness and death,
she remains maidenly, singing songs about flowers and finally drowning in the river
amid the flower garlands she had gathered.
Laertes
- Polonius’s son and Ophelia’s brother, a young man who spends much of the play
in France. Passionate and quick to action, Laertes is clearly a foil for the
reflective Hamlet.
Fortinbras
- The young Prince of Norway, whose father the king (also named Fortinbras) was
killed by Hamlet’s father (also named Hamlet). Now Fortinbras wishes to attack
Denmark to avenge his father’s honor, making him another foil for Prince Hamlet.
The Ghost
- The specter of Hamlet’s recently deceased father. The ghost, who claims to have
been murdered by Claudius, calls upon Hamlet to avenge him. However, it is not
entirely certain whether the ghost is what it appears to be, or whether it is something
else. Hamlet speculates that the ghost might be a devil sent to deceive him
and tempt him into murder, and the question of what the ghost is or where it comes
from is never definitively resolved.
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Rosencrantz And Guildenstern
- Two slightly bumbling courtiers, former friends of Hamlet from Wittenberg, who
are summoned by Claudius and Gertrude to discover the cause of Hamlet’s strange
behavior.
Osric
- The foolish courtier who summons Hamlet to his duel with Laertes.
Voltimand And Cornelius
- Courtiers whom Claudius sends to Norway to persuade the king to prevent

Fortinbras from attacking.
Marcellus And Bernardo
- The officers who first see the ghost walking the ramparts of Elsinore and who
summon Horatio to witness it. Marcellus is present when Hamlet first encounters the
ghost.
Francisco
- A soldier and guardsman at Elsinore.
Reynaldo
- Polonius’s servant, who is sent to France by Polonius to check up on and spy on

Laertes.

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Hamlet Summary and Questions of Act 1

Scene 1 (Summary)
The play opens during a bitterly cold night watch outside of the royal Danish palace.
There is a changing of the guards: Barnardo places Francisco. Soon two more
characters arrive, Horatio and Marcellus. We learn that Bernardo and Marcellus, two
soldiers, have witnessed an extraordinary sight on both of the previous nights’
watches: the ghost of the former King of Denmark, Old Hamlet, has appeared before
them in full armor. On this third night, they’ve welcomed Horatio, a scholar who has
just arrived in Denmark, to verify their ghost sighting. Horatio initially expresses
doubt that the ghost will appear. Suddenly, it does. The two soldiers charge Horatio
to speak to the ghost but he does not. The ghost disappears just as suddenly as it
arrived.
Soon after the ghost’s disappearance, Marcellus asks the other two why there has
been such a massive mobilization of Danish war forces recently. Horatio answers,
saying that the Danish army is preparing for a possible invasion by Fortinbras,
Prince of Norway. We learn that Fortinbras’ father (also named Fortinbras), was
killed many years before in single combat with Old Hamlet, the now-deceased king
whose ghost we have just seen. Now that Old Hamlet has died, presumably
weakening the Danes, there is a rumor that Fortinbras plans to invade Denmark and
claim that lands that were forfeit after his father’s death.
After Horatio has finished explaining this political back story, the ghost of Old Hamlet
appears once more. This time Horatio does try to speak to the ghost . A rooster
crows just as the ghost appears ready to reply to Horatio at last. This sound startles
the ghost away. Horatio decides to tell Prince Hamlet, Old Hamlet’s son, about the
apparition, and the others agree.
Questions:
1. “We must tell Hamlet we have seen his father.” Comment.
2. Why does Horatio now believe Bernardo and Marcellus? What does Horatio
notice about the
physical appearance of the ghost?
3. Why does Horatio think that this ghost is making an appearance?

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Scene 2 (Summary)
This scene begins at the court of Claudius and Gertrude, the King and Queen of
Denmark. They have just been married. This marriage has followed quickly after the
death of the former King of Denmark, Old Hamlet, Claudius’ brother. Claudius
addresses the quickness of the marriage, representing himself as in mourning for a
lost brother even as he is joyful for a new wife, his one-time sister.
Finally, Claudius turns to Laertes, the son of his trusted counselor, Polonius. Laertes
expresses a wish to return to France and Claudius grants permission.
At this point, Prince Hamlet, who has been standing apart from the king’s audience
this whole time, speaks the first of his many lines. Claudius asks Hamlet why he is
still so gloomy. Hamlet’s replies that his grief upon losing his father still deeply
affects him. Claudius goes into a speech about the unnaturalness of prolonged grief;
to lose one’s father is painful but common, he says, and Hamlet should accept this
as nature’s course. He expresses a wish that Hamlet remain with them in Denmark
instead of returning to Wittenberg, where he is a student, and when Gertrude
seconds this wish, Hamlet agrees. The king, queen, and all their retinue then exit the
stage, leaving Hamlet alone.
In his first soliloquy, Hamlet expresses the depths of his melancholy and his disgust
at his mother’s marrying Claudius after the death of his father. He declares his father
to be many times Claudius’ superior as a man. After this soliloquy, Horatio enters.
Horatio tells Hamlet that he has seen his dead father recently – the night before.
Hamlet asks him to explain, and Horatio tells the story of the appearance of the
ghost. Hamlet decides to attend the watch that very night in hopes of seeing the
ghost himself.
Questions
1. “Your mother is my wife – you are my son.” Comment.
2. “How could she marry her dead husband’s brother?” Comment.
3. Who is now married to King Hamlet’s wife? In a well-developed paragraph,
explain whether or not you believe he is truly in love with Gertrude or why you
believe he married her.

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Scene 3 (Summary)
As the scene opens, Laertes is taking his leave of his sister, Ophelia. In the course
of their farewells, Laertes advises her about her relationship with Hamlet, with whom
she has been spending much of her time lately. He tells her to forget him because
he, as Prince of Denmark, is too much to hope for as a husband. He adds that she
should vigilantly guard her chastity, her most prized treasure as a woman. Ophelia
agrees to attend to his lesson. As Laertes is about to leave, his father, Polonius,
arrives. Polonius gives Laertes a blessing and a battery of advice before sending his
son on his way.
With Laertes gone, Polonius asks Ophelia what they had been talking about as he
arrived. Ophelia confesses that they had been talking about her relationship with
Hamlet. She tells Polonius that Hamlet has made many honorable declarations of
love to her. Polonius pooh-poohs these declarations, saying, much as Laertes did,
that Hamlet wants nothing more than to assail her chastity and then leave her. He
makes his daughter promise that she will spend no more time alone with Hamlet.
Ophelia says that she will obey.
Questions:
1. “Great princes are not free to love like other men. They cannot choose their
wives- They are chosen for them.” Comment.
2. Summarize the advice that Laertes is giving his sister Ophelia about Hamlet.
Scene 4 (summary)
At the night watch, Hamlet, Horatio and Marcellus await the reappearance of the
ghost. They hear cannons from the castle and Hamlet tells them that this is a sign
that Claudius is drinking pledges. Hamlet goes on a short tirade against the Danish
custom of drinking heavily. His speech is no sooner over than the ghost appears
again. Hamlet immediately addresses the ghost, imploring it to speak. The ghost
beckons for Hamlet to come away, apart from the others. Horatio and Marcellus
attempt to keep Hamlet from following the ghost, warning him of the many evils that
might befall him. Hamlet doesn’t listen. He threatens to kill Horatio or Marcellus if
they detain him, and when they stay back he follows the ghost offstage. Alone with
Hamlet, the ghost finally speaks.

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The ghost then reveals that he was not killed by a viper, as officially announced, but
was murdered. Moreover, he reveals that his own brother, Claudius, who now wears
his crown and married his wife, was the murderer. The ghost tells of how Claudius
snuck into his garden while he was taking his accustomed afternoon nap and poured
poison into his ear, killing him most painfully and sending his soul into the afterlife.
The ghost demands vengeance, telling Hamlet not to plot against his mother, whom
he describes as merely weak and lustful, but to focus the whole of his revenge on
Claudius. The ghost then disappears.
Hamlet, overwhelmed and half-raving, swears that he will kill Claudius. After he has
made this vow, Horatio and Marcellus arrive. Hamlet does not tell them what the
ghost has revealed, but nevertheless insists that they swear not to speak of the
apparition to anyone. They agree. Hamlet then insists that they swear again on his
sword. They agree again, confused at these demands. The ghost of Old Hamlet,
meanwhile, can be heard under the stage, insisting along with his son that they
swear themselves to secrecy.
Hamlet leads his friends to several different points on stage, insisting that they swear
over and over again. He then reveals, parenthetically, that they might find his
behavior in the next while to be strange – he might pretend to be mad and act
otherwise unusually – but that they must still keep secret what they have seen. After
this final agreement, Hamlet leads the others offstage, uneasily determined to
revenge his father’s murder.
Questions
1. “Why have you risen from your grave to find me?” Comment.
2. “I am your father’s most unhappy ghost, who cannot rest until I have revenge! ”
Comment.

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Scene 1(Summary)
Act Two begins with Ophelia entering distraught. She tells her father that Hamlet has
frightened her with his wild, unkempt appearance and deranged manners. After
Ophelia describes Hamlet’s behavior, she further reveals that, as per Polonius’
orders, she has cut off all contact with Hamlet and has refused his letters.
Polonius reasons, thus, that Hamlet’s madness is the result of Ophelia’s rejection.
He had thought that Hamlet was only trifling with her, but it turns out (he now
declares) that Hamlet was indeed deeply in love with Ophelia. Polonius hurries off to
tell Claudius and Gertrude that he has discovered the reason for their son’s odd
behavior.
Questions:
1. ”The king must hear of this. His son’s in love. Love has sent Hamlet mad and
that’s a problem.”Comment.
2. Why do you think Hamlet acted like this?
Scene 2(Summary)
King Claudius has made plans of his own to discover the reasons for Hamlet’s
supposed madness. He has summoned two of Hamlet’s school friends, Rosencrantz
and Guildenstern, both to comfort him and to try to discover the reason for his
distemper (so he says). The two scholars are only too happy to do this task.
After Rosencrantz and Guildenstern leave the royal presence, Polonius rushes in,
announcing that he has found the reason for Hamlet’s madness. Polonius steps
forward to reveal his discovery. He tells the king and queen, in a very roundabout
way, that he has discovered Hamlet’s foiled love of Ophelia, and that he believes
this lost love to be the root cause of Hamlet’s madness. Claudius asks how they
might prove this to be the case. Polonius has a plan. He offers to loose Ophelia on
Hamlet while he is reading alone in the library.
Meanwhile, he suggests, he and Claudius could hide behind a tapestry and observe
the meeting. Claudius agrees.Just then, Hamlet enters, reading. Gertrude and
Claudius exit while Polonius attempts to speak to Hamlet. Hamlet plays with
Polonius, mocking him, evading his questions, and turning his language inside out.
Polonius leaves to contrive the proposed meeting between Hamlet and his daughter.

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Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enter, surprising their friend Hamlet. Hamlet asks the
two why they have come to Elsinore. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern try to dodge this
question, declaring that they have come for no other reason than to visit him.
Hamlet, though, won’t let them off the hook, and makes them admit that the king and
queen sent for them. When they admit it, Hamlet also tells them why they were sent
for – because he has been deeply melancholy, and has foregone his accustomed
behavior. He sinks deeply into a speech detailing this misery.
Rosencrantz changes the subject. He tells Hamlet that he and Guildenstern passed
a troop of players on their way to Elsinore. Soon the players arrive with a flourish.
Polonius rushes back into the scene, bearing the already stale news that the players
have arrived. Hamlet rushes up to welcome them.
Hamlet pulls the main player aside and asks him whether the company knows a
certain play, “The Murder of Gonzago.” The player says that they do, and Hamlet
commissions it for the following night, saying that he will write some speeches of his
own to be inserted into the play as written. The player says that this would be fine
and then takes his leave.
Left alone on stage, Hamlet muses about the strangeness of his situation. He curses
himself and his indecisiveness before cursing his murderous uncle in a rage. Having
regained composure, Hamlet announces his plan to make sure that the ghost of his
father is genuine – that the apparition was not some evil spirit sent to lure his soul to
damnation. He declares his intention to stage a play exactly based on the murder of
his father. While it is played he will observe Claudius. If the king is guilty, Hamlet
figures, surely he will show this guilt when faced with the scene of the crime.
Questions:
1. ”How happy I would be to end my life!” Comment.
2. ”Yes, Denmark is my prison. There’s no escape from dreadful thoughts and
dreams while I am here.” Comment.
3. Hamlet's "Fool that I am , I have been wasting time" is the first of his
soliloquies in Act 2.
A. What is he saying in these lines?
B. Why can’t Hamlet kill Claudius?

Date : / / 2020

Scene 1(Summary)
An entourage consisting of the king and queen, Polonius and Ophelia,
and Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enters to begin the Act. Claudius asks
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern what they have learned about Hamlet’s malady. The
two reply that they have not been able to find its cause. They do mention, however,
that Hamlet was very enthusiastic about the players’ performance that night, which
prompts Claudius to agree to attend the play. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern leave.
Polonius and Claudius then begin their plan to loose Ophelia on Hamlet and mark
their encounter, hoping to find the root of his madness. They instruct Ophelia to
pretend that she is simply reading a book and withdraw behind a tapestry.
Hamlet enters and delivers the most famous speech in literature, beginning, “To be
or not to be.” After this long meditation on the nature of being and death, Hamlet
catches sight of Ophelia. After a short conversation she attempts to return some of
the remembrances that Hamlet gave when courting her. Hamlet replies caustically,
questioning Ophelia’s honesty. He then berates Ophelia, telling her off sarcastically
and venomously, with the refrain, “Get thee to a nunnery,” or in other words, “Go
become a nun to control your lust.” After this tirade, Hamlet exists, leaving Ophelia in
shambles.
Claudius and Polonius step out of their hiding place. The king states that he does
not believe that Hamlet is mad because of his foiled love for Ophelia, or really mad
at all, but tormented for some hidden reason. He determines to send Hamlet on a
diplomatic mission to England before he can cause any serious trouble. Polonius
endorses this plan, but persists in his belief that Hamlet’s grief is the result of his
love for Ophelia. He consoles his daughter. Polonius suggests in parting that
Claudius arrange a private interview between Hamlet and his mother after the play
that evening and Claudius agrees.
Questions:
1. ”What must I do? Shall I decide to live or die?”Comment.
2. ”Women are all the same. How cleverly they trick us!” Comment.
3. ”let the Queen, his mother, question Hamlet.” Comment.
4. When Polonius is instructing Ophelia how to act towards Hamlet so that he
and Claudius can spy
on her interactions with Hamlet, what does Claudius reveal? How can these
lines make the audience have a bit of sympathy for Claudius?
5. After spying on Hamlet, Claudius and Polonius have a discussion :
A) What does Claudius feel is wrong with Hamlet?
B) What plan does Claudius hatch to protect himself?

Date : / / 2020
Scene 2(summary)
Just as the play is about to begin, Hamlet asks his friend to assist him in watching
the king’s response to the play they are about to see (apparently Hamlet has by this
time told Horatio what the ghost revealed). Horatio seats himself so as to view the
king properly. The royal entourage enters. Hamlet manically chatters with Claudius,
Polonius, Gertrude and Ophelia, reserving special attention for the latter, whom he
sits next to and teases.
The play begins with king and queen are shown happily married; the king takes a
nap; a poisoner enters and pours something in the king’s ear, killing him; the
poisoner than takes possession of the queen .The prologue is a short little jingling
rhyme. The player king and queen then immediately enter the stage. The king
mentions that they have been married thirty years.
The player queen expresses a hope that their love last as long over again. The king
encourages the queen to remarry if he dies. The queen protests against this notion
vehemently, swearing never to love another if were to she turn widow. With this, the
king falls asleep and the queen exits. Hamlet asks his mother, Gertrude, how she
likes the play, and Gertrude replies with the famous line, “The lady doth protest too
much, me thinks.” Claudius is also outspokenly apprehensive about the nature of the
play. It continues, however, with the entrance of Lucianus, the sleeping king’s
nephew. This evil character creeps up to the sleeping player king and pours poison
in his ear. Hamlet, unable to contain himself, erupts, telling everyone that Lucianus
will soon win the love of the king’s over-protesting wife.
At this, Claudius rises and orders the play to end. He retreats with his retinue.
Hamlet and Horatio laugh together, certain now that the ghost was telling the truth.
After a short celebration, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enter and tell Hamlet that
he has made Claudius very angry. They also say that Gertrude has ordered Hamlet
to meet her in her chamber. They then entreat Hamlet to tell the cause of his
distemper. Hamlet replies mockingly by saying that they are trying to play him like a
pipe and that he won’t let them. Polonius enters and entreats Hamlet again to see
his mother. All exit but Hamlet. In a short soliloquy, Hamlet reflects that he will be
cruel to his mother, showing her the extent of her crime in marrying Claudius, but will
not actually hurt her.

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Questions:
1. ” Lights! Light more torches.” Comment.
2. The actors basically reenact King Hamlet’s death on the stage.
A. What is Claudius’ reaction?
B. What is Hamlet’s reaction?
C. In the actual play, the king was killed by his nephew. So, think about
Claudius’ reaction. Does
it show his guilt over killing the king or does it show something else?
3. At the end of the scene, Hamlet has another soliloquy in lines 419 – 432.
A. How does Hamlet indicate he is ready to kill the King?
B. What does he say he will do when he meets with his mother? Explain his
conflicted feelings
about his mother.
Scene 3(Summary)
Claudius gives Rosencrantz and Guildenstern a sealed envelope with orders to
convey Hamlet to England and give the envelope to the king there. In highly
flattering terms, they agree to do the king’s bidding and exit. Polonius then enters,
saying that Hamlet is going to meet with his mother, and declaring his intention to
hide behind an arras and listen to their conversation. He exits. Alone, the king looks
into his soul. He is deeply disgusted by what he sees. He kneels to pray, hoping to
purge his guilt, but reflects that this penance will not be genuine because he will still
retain the prizes for which he committed murder in the first place, his crown and his
wife.
As Claudius is vainly attempting to pray, Hamlet comes up behind him. He reflects

that he now has an opportunity to kill his uncle and revenge his father, but pauses,
considering that because Claudius is in the act of prayer he would likely go straight
to heaven if killed. Hamlet resolves to kill Claudius later, when he is in the middle of
some sinful act. He continues on to his mother’s chamber.
Questions:
1. ”I am a man who has murdered his own brother!” Comment.
2. ”My father had no time to pray before his death, his brother was too cruel.”
Comment.

Date : / / 2020
3. Hamlet sneaks up on the king and draws out his sword. The king is alone, so
this would be the perfect time to kill him.
A.why doesn't Hamlet kill him at this moment?
B. What does this tell us about Hamlet’s character?
C. When does he decide to kill him?
D. Does Hamlet use this as an excuse to further delay the killing of
Claudius? Do you think that
his conscience will not allow him to commit premeditated murder?
4. The audience is compelled to feel sympathy for Claudius. Explain
Scene 4(Summary)
In the chamber, awaiting Hamlet’s arrival, Polonius hides himself behind one of
Gertrude’s curtains. Hamlet enters. Gertrude attempts to be firm and chastising, but
Hamlet comes right back at her, saying that she has sinned mightily in marrying her
husband’s brother. He pulls his mother in front of a mirror, saying that he will reveal
her inmost part, and Gertrude momentarily misinterprets this, thinking that Hamlet
may attempt to murder her. She cries for help. Polonius, hidden from view, also cries
out for help. Hamlet thinks that the hidden voice belongs to Claudius. He stabs
Polonius through the curtain, killing him. When he sees that he has killed Polonius,
Hamlet declares the old man to be a “rash, intruding fool.”
Quickly forgetting about this death, Hamlet seats his mother down and presents her
with two portraits, one of her first husband and the other of Claudius. He describes
the two as opposites, the one all nobility and virtue, the other all deformity and vice.
Gertrude is deeply affected by this comparison and seems to comprehend the
enormity of her sin. Hamlet continues to berate her and describe Claudius in the
most foul and hurtful language. While in the middle of this harangue, Old Hamlet’s
ghost appears once more, telling Hamlet to stop torturing his mother and to
remember his duty to kill Claudius. At the ghost’s command, Hamlet consoles his
mother. Gertrude, unable to see the ghost, sees Hamlet talking to thin air and
resolves that he is indeed insane. The ghost exits.
Hamlet tells his mother that he is not in fact insane. He reiterates that she should
repent her marriage to Claudius and tells her in particular to stay away from their
shared bed for the night. After describing the importance of this abstinence in the
most colorful terms, Hamlet reminds his mother that he is ordered to England.
Hamlet says that although he will go to England, he will not trust Rosencrantz and
Guildenstern. He exits his mother’s bedroom, dragging the body of Polonius behind
him.

Date : / / 2020
Questions:
1. ”Mother, you have made my father very angry. Why?”Comment.
2. ”A wicked deed? Almost as bad, good mother As kill a king and marry his own
brother” Comment
3. ”Revenge, Hamlet, revenge! Revenge for murder.” Comment.
4. ”Admit your sins and then confess to heaven.”Comment.
5. ”I’m sorry now I killed him, but I’ll take the blame.”Comment.
6. Hamlet presses contrasting pictures of the late King Hamlet with his brother
Claudius in Gertrude's face.
A. How does he compare the two men?
King Hamlet -Claudius
B. How does he question his mother?
C. How does she react?
7. The Ghost reappears and has a conversation with Hamlet.
A. What does it say to Hamlet?
B. Gertrude is unable to see the ghost of her late husband and believes
Hamlet to be mad. Why do you think she cannot see the ghost when Horatio
and the other guards could in Act 1?
8. After Hamlet asks his mother if she knew that he was to be sent off to
England, what does he say about Rosencrantz and Guildenstern and his
plans?
9. Why do you think that Hamlet confronted his mother in this scene?
A-What was his point in doing this?
B-What are your thoughts about Gertrude from this scene?

Date : / / 2020
Hamlet Summary and Analysis of Act 4

Summary
Scene 1
Immediately after Hamlet exits, dragging Polonius’ body, we
see Claudius asking Gertrude to explain what has happened. She tells him of
Hamlet’s accidental killing of Polonius and Claudius realizes that he could have just
as easily been slain. Claudius asks where Hamlet has gone and Gertrude says that
he has taken the body away. The king orders Rosencrantz and Guildenstern to find
Hamlet and discover where he has taken Polonius’ corpse.
Scene 2
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern question Hamlet about Polonius’ whereabouts.
Hamlet evades their questions playfully, accusing his former friends of sycophancy
to the king and leading them on a wild goose chase.
Questions:
1. Why did Hamlet run from Rosencrantz and Guildenstern ?
2. “He’s with the king - the dead king , not the living one.” Comment.
Scene 3
Claudius is greatly distracted by the death of Polonius and the attempt to find the
body. Rosencrantz and Guildenstern enter with Hamlet. Claudius questions Hamlet
as to where he has taken Polonius. After some morbidly humorous replies, Hamlet
reveals that he hid Polonius “up the stairs into the lobby.” The king sends attendants
to find the body. Claudius then tells Hamlet that he is to depart immediately for
England, as planned. Hamlet mockingly departs, leaving Claudius to reflect on his
plans for Hamlet. He has prepared letters asking the English king, whom Denmark
has recently defeated in war, to kill Hamlet as part of the duties owed by right of
conquest.

Date : / / 2020
Questions:
1. “While he is free, he is a danger to me” Claudius said this.
2. Who was he talking to ? and who is “he”?
3. Why do you think he said that?
4. “Maggots and worms will make a meal of him” Comment
5. Why do you think Claudius wanted to send Hamlet to England? Do you think
he had good intentions?
6. What did the letter that Claudius sent to the Danish King contain? Do you
think the Danish king will obey him? And why?
Scene 4
Next we see Fortinbras’ Norwegian army. They are at the borders of Denmark.
Fortinbras sends one of his captains to the court of Claudius to ask permission to
cross Denmark in the course of their march to Poland. The captain travels on and
Fortinbras and the rest of the army exit.
The captain meets with Hamlet, who is being conveyed by Rosencrantz and
Guildenstern to the ship to England. Hamlet asks the captain about his army and his
purpose in going to Poland. The captain says that in Poland there is “a little patch of
ground” which Norway claims as her own. He describes this land as perfectly
worthless and small. Hamlet suggests that the Poles will not likely defend such a
piece of land, but the captain sets him straight, saying that Poland is already
garrisoned and ready for their dispute. Hamlet wraps up his conversation with the
captain. He hangs back from the others marching to the ship and delivers a long
soliloquy on the irony of this occasion – these men are off to risk their lives for a
worthless piece of land, while he, who has every reason to risk his life in the cause
of revenge, delays and fails to act. Hamlet resolves to recast his mind to bloody
thoughts. Ironically, however, just after making this resolution he continues on
toward England, leaving Denmark behind him.
Questions:
1. “While he is free, he is a danger to me” Claudius said this.

2. “Why then, have I not achieved my purpose?” Who said this ? and how does
this statement describe his personality ?

Date : / / 2020
Scene 5
Back in the court of Denmark, we see Gertrude speaking with a gentleman who
explains that Ophelia has gone mad. She is rambling nonsensically about her father
and insisting on seeing Gertrude. The queen reluctantly admits Ophelia, who
proceeds to sing a number of simple and haunting songs, some of them quite
bawdy. The king enters and witnesses her madness. Ophelia then speaks openly of
her father’s untimely demise and hasty, unofficial burial. She threatens, “My brother
shall know of it,” and exits. Claudius reflects on the difficulty of their situation,
admitting that their decision to cover up Hamlet’s deed and bury Polonius so covertly
has gone against them. He says that Laertes has come from France, egged on by
people who see the court as responsible for Polonius’ death.
On cue, a messenger arrives with word that Laertes has come to court with a mob of
followers who wish to depose Claudius and make Laertes king. Laertes bursts in
and tells his followers to wait outside. In a half-crazed state he insists that Claudius
give him Polonius. Claudius attempts to calm Laertes and tells Gertrude to keep out
of their talk and let Laertes question him to his heart’s content. Claudius tells Laertes
that Polonius is dead. He also insinuates that he and Laertes are on the same side –
that he has been injured by Polonius’ death too.
Just as Claudius is about to explain what he means, Ophelia enters again, bearing a
bundle of flowers. The sight of his insane sister deeply grieves Laertes. Ophelia
handles all those present gifts of flowers, each symbolizing a reproach to the
receiver. She sings another song about her dead father and exits abruptly. As she
leaves Claudius tells Laertes to inquire into the matter as deeply as he wishes,
confident that he will find himself aligned with Claudius against Hamlet. Laertes
agrees.
Questions:
1. “My love is far away.Where has he gone?” Comment
2. Ophelia deserves some sympathy. Do you agree? And why?
3. Who was blamed for Polonius’ death?
4. How did Laertes react to his father’s death?
5. According to Gertrude, why did the people protest?
6. You reap what you sow. Explain

Date : / / 2020
Scene 6
A messenger approaches Horatio, saying that some sailors have news for him.
Horatio receives from these sailors a letter from Hamlet. He reads the letter aloud. It
recounts an amazing turn of events: on his way to England, pirates attacked
Hamlet’s ship. During the fray, Hamlet boarded the pirate vessel. The two ships
parted with Hamlet still aboard. The pirates treated Hamlet “like thieves of mercy,”
promising to return Hamlet to Denmark in return for some favors. Hamlet also
alludes to a startling development having to do with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
but says that he must delay telling of this until they meet. He tells Horatio to follow
the sailors to where he is hiding. Horatio says that he will help to deliver the rest of
their letters, one of which is addressed to the king, and then go with them to see
Hamlet.
Scene 7
Claudius and Laertes are in conference. The king seems to have explained the
strange occasion of Polonius’ death to Laertes’ satisfaction. He says that he did not
try Hamlet for two reasons, first, because his mother loves him so much, and
second, because the people of Denmark are supporters of Hamlet. A messenger
arrives and delivers a letter to Claudius, who is greatly surprised to learn that the
letter comes from Hamlet. The letter announces Hamlet’s imminent return to court.
With this in mind, Claudius and Laertes plot to find a means of killing Hamlet without
upsetting Gertrude or the people. They propose to arrange a duel between Hamlet
and Laertes, both of whom are accomplished swordsmen, though Laertes is the
more reputed. Claudius suggests that Laertes be given a sharp sword while
Hamlet’s remains blunt. Laertes does him one better, saying that he will dip his
sword in poison so that the least scratch will kill Hamlet. Claudius says that on top of
this he will prepare a poisoned cup and give it to Hamlet during the fight.
Gertrude enters with yet more tragic news. She says that Ophelia has drowned. She
was watching Ophelia play in the branches of a willow by the water when she fell in.
Gertrude says that Ophelia seemed ignorant of danger and went to her death slowly,
singing songs. This news reignites Laertes’ rage and Claudius goes to console him.
Questions:
1. How did Claudius justify not punishing Hamlet to Laertes?
2. What was Claudius’ plan that he told Laertes?
3. Ophelia’s madness doomed her. Explain

Date : / / 2020
Hamlet Summary and Analysis of Act 5

Summary
Scene 1
The final Act begins with a gravedigger digging Ophelia’s grave while singing.
Hamlet and Horatio enter. As the gravediggers throws various skulls out of the
grave, Hamlet wonders whom they might have belonged to in life – whether a
courtier or a lawyer.
Hamlet approaches the gravedigger.The gravedigger informs Hamlet about the

length of time it takes bodies to decay in the ground. He then produces a skull from
the grave that he says has been lying there for twenty-three years. The gravedigger
says that this is the skull of Yorick, the old king’s jester. Hamlet is amazed – he knew
Yorick and loved him as a child. He takes up the skull and speaks about Yorick, a
topic that leads him to consider the nature of mortality more generally.
A procession interrupts Hamlet’s reveries – Claudius, Gertrude, and Laertes march

toward the grave along with a priest and an entourage bearing a body. Hamlet
notices that the burial is less elaborate than usual, signifying that the deceased was
a suicide. He and Horatio stand aside while Laertes argues with the priest about the
paltriness of the burial rites. In the course of his arguing with the priest, Laertes
reveals that the dead body is that of Ophelia. Gertrude steps forward to say farewell
to Ophelia. Laertes follows. In his intense grief, Laertes leaps into his sister’s grave
to hold her body again and orders the gravediggers to bury him alive.
Provoked by this show of grief, Hamlet then reveals himself. After grappling with
Laertes, Hamlet declares that he loved Ophelia more than forty thousand brothers
could. The king and queen dismiss his avowal as madness. Hamlet then exits and
Horatio follows him. After they have left, Claudius reminds Laertes of their plan to
take care of Hamlet.
Questions:
1. Why do you think the gravedigger was singing while digging the grave?

Date : / / 2020
Scene 2
Hamlet explains to Horatio what happened on his journey to England. He says that
he strongly suspected Rosencrantz and Guildenstern of foul play, and so decided to
apprehend their letter to England. In the letter he found an order for his death.
Hamlet then devised a substitute letter asking for the deaths of Rosencrantz and
Guildenstern. He happened to have a signet ring in the shape of the seal of
Denmark, and so sealed the letter. Hamlet then replaced the letter while
Rosencrantz and Guildenstern were asleep. At this point, pirates attacked the
vessel, as related previously.
A courtier, Osric, interrupts Hamlet and Horatio. In very ornate and silly language,
Osric declares to Hamlet that Claudius has proposed a contest of swordsmanship
between Laertes and he. Hamlet and Horatio mock Osric’s pompous and artificial
mannerisms. Eventually Hamlet agrees to enter the contest. When Horatio worries
that Laertes is better at swordplay than he, Hamlet declares that he has been in
continual practice for some time.
A table is prepared and the king, queen and other figures of state gather to watch
the swordfight. Hamlet begs Laertes’ pardon both for his outburst at Ophelia’s grave
and for his rash killing of Polonius. Laertes appears to accept this apology but
declares that his honor will not be satisfied until they have had their contest. Hamlet
and Laertes choose their swords. Laertes nonchalantly chooses the unblunted
sword with the envenomed blade. As they prepare to fight, Claudius proposes a
drink to Hamlet.
The fight begins with Osric as referee. Hamlet wins the first point and the king offers
him a drink to refresh himself, dropping a poisoned pearl in the wine just before he
hands it over. Hamlet declines to take the drink for the time being. They play another
round and Hamlet again wins a point. After this second pass, Gertrude toasts to
Hamlet’s health. She takes up the poisoned chalice and has a drink despite
Claudius’ protestations. Hamlet and Laertes have a third pass which ends in a draw.
After this pass, while Hamlet is unguarded, Laertes wounds Hamlet with the
poisoned rapier. They scuffle and Hamlet ends up with Laertes’ poisoned sword. He
wounds Laertes with it. Just then, the queen collapses. She declares that she has
been poisoned by the drink and then dies. Hamlet asks for the treachery to be found
out and Laertes confesses the plan hatched by the king and he. He says that they
are both inevitably going to die, having been wounded by the poisoned blade.
Hamlet takes the envenomed sword and wounds Claudius, then forces the king to
drink from his poisoned cup. Claudius dies. Laertes asks Hamlet’s forgiveness and
then also dies.

Date : / / 2020
Hamlet, knowing that he is about to die also, asks Horatio to explain this bloody
spectacle to the confused onlookers. Horatio, on the contrary, wishes to die with his
friend, but Hamlet convinces him to live a while and clear his name. Hamlet declares
that Fortinbrasshould become King of Denmark. He then dies – “the rest is silence.”
A flourish is heard and Osric brings news that Fortinbras has arrived from his victory
in Poland with ambassadors from England.
Fortinbras enters the court only to find four noble bodies sprawled out on the floor.
The ambassadors from England enter with news that Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
have been killed. Horatio explains that Claudius would not have welcomed this news
even if he had been living to receive it. He orders that the royal bodies be taken up.
Horatio further promises to explain the story behind the deaths.He promises to tell
the story of Hamlet. Fortinbras agrees to hear it. He adds that, given the death of the
Danish royalty, he will now pursue his own claims to the throne. Finally, Fortinbras
declares that Hamlet shall receive a soldier’s burial. Some soldiers take up his body
and bear it from the stage.
Questions:
2. What is the theme of the story ?
3. Prince Hamlet found a letter in the cabin where Rosencrantz and Guildenstern
were sleeping.What did it say?and what did Hamlet do after reading the letter?
4. How did the English king know that the letter was sent by Claudius?
5. If you were in Hamlet’s shoes , what would you do?
6. “Death will come sometime –if not now then later” To whom did Hamlet say
this ? and What does this statement tell you about the personality of Hamlet?
7. “I can’t live when you are dead, dear lord” Horatio said this to Hamlet .When
did he say that? And what does this statement tell you about Horatio’s
personality?
8. The end is tragic . Explain

Date : / / 2020
Poetry
Sonnet 43
Elizabeth Barrett Browning
How do I love thee? Let me count the ways.

I love thee to the depth and breadth and height
My soul can reach, when feeling out of sight
For the ends of being and ideal grace.
I love thee to the level of every day's
Most quiet need, by sun and candle-light.
I love thee freely, as men strive for right.
I love thee purely, as they turn from praise.
I love thee with the passion put to use
In my old griefs, and with my childhood's faith.
I love thee with a love I seemed to lose
With my lost saints. I love thee with the breath,
Smiles, tears, of all my life; and, if God choose,
I shall but love thee better after death.
Explanation:
Elizabeth Barett Browning (1806-1861) married Robert Browning .Both were really
famous poets then. In this sonnet ( a 14-line love poem) , she is saying that her love
to him is everywhere in the space.The love that she has for Robert fills her spiritual
and non-spiritual aspects.She loves him enough to meet his domestic needs during
the day and the night.She loves him by her free choice just like men who choose the
right path in their lives.
She loves him so purely that she is modest and shy just like men when they are
praised.Her love to him is pure , righteous, holy and free from any sin.She even
loves him with an intensity of the suffering resembling that of Christ on the cross,
and she loves him in the way that she loved saints as a child. Moreover, she expects
to continue to love him after death.She loves him when she smiles , cries and even
breathe, and if she dies, she will even love him more.

Date : / / 2020
Figures of speech:
Direct address: “Thee” means you , which makes the poem personal.
Assonance: “depth” breadth.
Alliteration:
thee, the (Lines 1, 2, 5, 9, 12).

thee,they (Line 8)
soul, sight (Line 3)
love, level (Line 5)
quiet, candle-light (Line 6)
freely, strive, Right (Line 7)
purely, Praise (Line 8)
passion, put (Line 9)
my, my (Line 10)
love, love (Line 11)
With, with (Line 12)
lost, love (Line 12)
but, better (Line 14)
Repetition: “How do I love thee”.
Metaphor: “My soul can reach” she describes how far her love fills her soul.
Religious references: “childhood’s faith” “Love thee better after death”.
Rhyme scheme: a b b c a b b a c d c d c d


Skills Booklet Prep 3 Second Semester Final

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Preparatory Three

“The more that you

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1. The sweet scents coming

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the label on a wrapper

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5. You probably imagine bears as

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 Here’s a chance to show your reading detective skills. What

• as a result SIGNAL: An Important point is coming!

• yet SIGNAL: A comparison is coming!

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 Which word belongs in the sentence? Underline it. Then write

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1. Where does the team stand

in the playoffs? #______

2. She couldn’t stand the

screeching noise. #______

7. The ladder would hold up to

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9. The city will hold a meeting about traffic.

10. Will you hold this for me for a minute?

11. The speaker had a hold on the audience.

12. Does this jar hold 16 ounces? #______

13. The baggage was placed in the hold.

14. The wall did not hold back the water.

15. The soldiers were able to hold the fort.

16. We put a hold on our mail during vacation.

17. I hold the view that recycling is important.

18. Will the old roof hold in a windstorm?

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 Reading is like detective work. Clues to unknown words

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 Dad said nothing, but just nodded affirmatively.

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1. consented without protest: _______________________

2. act as judge: ___________________________

4. followed immediately: __________________________

5. next to; beside: ___________________________

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B. Sam is an amateur ichthyologist—he has several tanks of fresh and

1. put in; inject: _______________________

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 Complete this statement: I consider myself an amateur

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 Hey reading detective...got the context clues? Here’s your

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A. A botanical garden is an area of flora in which plants are