SYSMETIC ANALYSE OF SIMPLE SALT -III

Preliminary tests
S.No Experiment Observation Inference
Physical examination
a) Noted the colour of the White Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+ absent
salt
1
b) Noted the smell of the
Vinegar like smell CH3COO- may be present.
salt
Dry Heating test
Heated a pinch of the salt
in a dry test tube and
noted the following
observations:
a) Gas evolved Characteristic vinegar
CH3COO- may be present.
like smell.
2
b) Sublimation Ammonium chloride, iodide
No sublimate formed.
may be absent.
c) Decrepitation No cracking sound Lead nitrate, Barium nitrate
observed absent.
d)Colour of the residue Brown when hot and
Pb2+may be present.
yellow when cold
Flame test
Prepared a paste of the
3 Dull bluish- white flame Pb2+may be present.
salt with Conc.HCl and
performed flame test.

Ash test
Mixed a pinch of the salt
with Cobalt Nitrate and No Characteristic colour Al3+, Zn2+, Mg2+may be
4
Con.HNO3 make a paste ash. absent.
dip in filter paper and
show in flame

Dil HCl Test

5 A pinch of salt is added No Brisk effervescence CO32-absent
with dil.HCl

Identification of acid radical

S.No Experiment Observation Inference
 Dil sulphuric acid test
Treated a pinch of the salt
6 No gas evolved. CO32-, S2-absent.
With dil H2SO4 and
warmed.

Con.Sulphuric acid test Colourless vapours with

7 Heated a pinch of the salt smell of vinegar, turns CH3COO- present.
with Con sulphuric acid blue litmus tored.
KMnO4 test
To a pinch of the salt
Pink colour of KMnO4
8 added dilH2SO4 warm and
was not discharged.
then a drop of KMnO4
solution. Cl-, C2O42-, Fe2+ absent.
Copper chips test
Heated a pinch of the salt No reddish brown gas
9 NO3- may be absent.
with conc. sulphuric acid evolved.
and a few copper chips.
MnO2 test
Heated a small quantity of
10 No greenish yellow gas. Cl-absent.
the salt with solid
MnO2and Con H2SO4.
BaCl2 test
Boiled small amount of a
salt with dil.HCl in a test
11 tube. Filtered the contents No precipitate formed SO42-absent
and to the filtrate added
few drops of BaCl2
solution.
NaOH test
12 Heated a pinch of salt No ammonia gas evolved NH4+ absent
with conc.NaOH solution
Confirmatory test for acid radical
a) Oxalic acid test
Take a small quantity of
the salt on a watch glass.
Mix it with solid oxalic Smell like that of vinegar CH3COO- confirmed
acid. Prepare paste of it
with a few drops of water.
Rub the paste and smell.
b) Ferric chloride test Reddish coloured filtrate
Take water extract of the
salt. Add neutral ferric
chloride solution. Filter
and divided the filtrate
CH3COO- confirmed
into two portions. Reddish colour
i. To one part, add disappears.
Dil.HCl.
ii. To second part, add Reddish brown ppt.
 water and boil.
C) Ester Test
Take asmall quantity of
the salt in a test tube. Add
con.H2SO4(2ml) and
heat. Now add ethyl
Pleasant fruity smell. CH3COO- confirmed
alcohol (1ml) . Shake and
pour the contents of the
tube in a beaker full of
water. Stir.

Chemical Equation :-
(a)Oxalic acid test :-

COOH COONa
COOH + 2CH3COONa ---------------> COONa + 2CH3COOH
(Vinegar smell)

b) Ferric chloride test

2CH3COONa +FeCl3 ------------> (CH3COO)3Fe +NaCl

(CH3COO)3Fe + 2H2O ------------> (CH3COO) (OH)2Fe ↓ + 2CH3COOH

Reddish brown ppt.

(c)Ester Test

2CH3COONa +H2SO4 -------------> Na2SO4+ 2CH3COOH

CH3COOH +C2H5OH --------------> CH3COOC2H5 +H2O

Ethyl Acetate
(Fruity Smell)

Identification of basic radical

Preparation of original salt solution
Prepared original salt solution by dissolving a pinch of salt in 10 to15mL of distilled water or
dil.HCl or conc.HCl, cold or hot. Label it original solution (O.S).

S.No Experiment Observation Inference

 Group separation
a) To a few drops of the
original solution added Brown precipitate Group zero absent
13
1mL of Nessler’s reagent formed (NH4+absent)
and excess of NaOH
solution
b) To a few drops of the
Group I Present
original solution added No precipitate formed
(Pb2+Present )
2mL of dil.HCl.

Confirmatory test for basic radical

Boil white precipitate
with distilled water and
divide the solution into
two parts:
a) KI test Yellow precipitate is Pb2+confirmed
Add KI solution to one obtained.
part of above solution

b) Potassium chromate
test
Yellow precipitate is
Add potassium chromate Pb2+confirmed
obtained.
to the second part of
above solution.
Chemical Equation :-

a) KI test

Pb(NO3)2 +2KI ------> 2KNO3 +PbI2 ↑

b) Potassium chromate test

Pb(NO3)2 + K2CrO4 ---------> 2KNO3 +PbCrO4 ↓

Result:
The given simple salt is: Lead Acetate (Pb(CH3COO)2)
Acid radical: CH3COO-
Basic radical: Pb2+