Reg No.

MANIPAL UNIVERSITY, MANIPAL – 576 104

MANIPAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ( M I T )

DEPARTMENT OF BIOTECHNOLOGY

III/IV Semester B.E. Biotechnology

BIO 208/209: Chemical and Biochemical Engg. Thermodynamics
SUPPLEMENTARY EXAMINATION – JULY 23rd, 2008

Time: 3 hrs (2-5PM) Max. Marks: 50

Answer any FIVE FULL questions

1. (a) State and explain various statements of the second law of thermodynamics with suitable examples ..2
(b) Prove that for a Carnot’s engine, efficiency is given by
Tc
η = 1− ..4
TH
(c) Explain the Phase Rule for
(i) Single component system
(ii)Multi-component systems ..4

2. (a) Prove that work of a Polytrophic Compression of an ideal gas is (with usual notations)

⎡ ⎛ δ −1 ⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎤
P1V1 ⎢⎛ P2 ⎞⎝ δ ⎠ ⎥
W= ⎢⎜ ⎟⎟ − 1⎥ ..3.5
δ − 1 ⎢⎜⎝ P1 ⎠ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
(b) With P-V diagram for a pure substance, prove that for a Van-der- Waal equation of state,
3RT 27 R 2 Tc 2 RT
Vc= ,a = , b= c …4
Pc 64 Pc 8 Pc
(c) Derive the Clausius Clapeyron equation ..2.5

3. (a) Draw and explain (for V L E for binary system)

a. x-y Curve and effect of Pressure on the curve
b. T-xy Curve and effect of Pressure on the curve
c. P-xy Curve and effect of Temperature on the curve …6

(b) Define Raoult’s law & Henry’s law with suitable examples, and explain their applications.
Distinguish between them. ….4

4. (a) Define and explain (with suitable examples)

I. Partial Molar Property
II. Chemical potential
III. Fugacity
IV. Fugacity coefficient
V.Activity coefficient …8

(b) Compare with suitable examples, Excess property and Residual property …2
5. (a) Derive the following relationship for a chemical reaction (with usual notations)

K ∆H 0 ⎛1 1 ⎞
ln
'
=− ⎜⎜ − ⎟⎟ …5
K R ⎝T T ' ⎠

(b) If U is considered as a function of T & P, develop the following relationships …5

⎛ ∂U ⎞ ⎛ ∂V ⎞
⎜ ⎟ = C P − P⎜ ⎟ = C P − β PV
⎝ ∂T ⎠ P ⎝ ∂T ⎠ P

⎡ ⎛ ∂P ⎞ ⎤ ⎛ ∂V ⎞
= CV + ⎢T ⎜ ⎟ − P⎥ ⎜ ⎟
⎣⎢ ⎝ ∂T ⎠ P ⎥⎦ ⎝ ∂T ⎠ P

β
= CV + (βT − κP )V
κ

6. (a) Explain with suitable examples,

I. Coupling Reactions
II. Osmotic Work
III. High energy phosphate compounds as energy shuttlers …6

(b) Consider a vessel which initially contains only no moles of water vapour. If decomposition
occurs according to the reaction,
1
H2O→ H2 + O2
2
find the expression which relate the number of moles and the mole fraction of each chemical
species to the reaction co-ordinate ε. …4