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PENGANTAR EKOLOGI

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Types of Ecology

Organismal (physiological & behavioral)

Population
Community
Ecosystem
Global/Biosfer

Organismal Ecology

How do individuals
interact with each
other & their physical
environment

Males salmon fight over females during the

breeding season

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Population Ecology

A group of organisms of the

same species living in the
same place at the same
time.
Questions are related to
factors that affect the
number of individuals living
in a habitat :
size, distribution of
Each female salmon produces thosands population?
of eggs. Only a few will survive to birth and death rates?
adulthood. On average, only 2 will return
to the stream of their birth to breed. population growth rate?

Community Ecology
How do species interact, &
what are the
consequences ?
Salmon are prey as
well as predators.
Questions focus on :
the interactions between
organisms (who eats who,
who helps who)
how those interactions
affect community structure

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Ecosystem Ecology
When salmon die &
decompose, the nutrients
that are released are used
by bacteria, protists, young
salmon & other organisms.
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Ecosystem = biotic
(living) community +
abiotic (nonliving) factors
Abiotic factors = soil,
atmosphere, water,
nutrients, energy,
temperature
Energy flow & cycling of
nutrients
How do energy &
nutrients cycle through
the environment?
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