FUE - Future University in Egypt Faculty of Engineering and Technology Department of Architectural Engineering ARC 361 Environmental control and technical installation (1) Level 2 Fall 2021 Credit Hours: 3 Cr. Hrs Course Instructor: Assistant Professor Dr. Dina KhaterTTT BP AAABRALALADALAZAY TTT EL Sanitary Systems WEEK7 TopicWater Water is utilized ina building in the following ways: = Water is consumed by drinking, cooking and washing, = HVAC systems circulate water for heating and cooling, and maintaining a desirable level of humidity. *Fire-protection systems store water for extinguishing fires. > Water must be supplied to a building in the correct quantity, at the proper flow rate, pressure and temperature, to satisfy the above requirements. > For human consumption, water must be potable (free of harmful bacteria) and to avoid the clogging or corrosion of pipes and equipment, water may have to be treated for hardness and excessive acidity. There can beno det contol over the quantity | or auaty of wate supped by 2 munis o ly publespem unt techs the bllng ste ; pubic water stm not aa, then ether ile bored wes oF anwar Sorgen ae equedDefinitions Water supply pipes Fixture — A device that uses water (sink, toilet, dishwasher, etc.) Soil, waste, and vent pipes Drain and sewer = Gas pipes = Storm water drainage etcDefinitions (water Supply System) Water Suy tem Network of pipes that transport hot and cold potable water under pressure "Fixture ~ A device that uses water (sink, toilet, dishwasher, etc.) = Water Heater — Large insulated tanks that heat cold water to be distributed in the hot water supply lines "Trunk Lines - Hot or cold water pipes that serve many fixtures * Branch Lines ~ Hot or cold water pipes that serve only one or two fixtures = Water Main — Supply pipe installed and maintained by a public entity and on public property = Water Service — Pipe from the water main to the building supply ipes "Meter - Measures the amount of water transported through water service "Valve ~ A fitting used to control water flow (located next to the meter)Definitions (Drain-Waste-Vent-System) Drain-Waste-Vent-System Network of pipes that transport wastewater and sewer gases from the building © Drain Pipe: * Apipe that carries wastewater in a building = Vent Pipe: Trap PTrap + A vertical pipe that provides circulation of air to and from the drainage system + Trap A fitting (usually U-shaped) that provides a seal to prevent the flow of sewer gases. Traps are defined as fittings at the end of soll pipes of waste pipes to prevent foul gases coming out of the soil pipe/ waste pipe. = Cleanout: + Anaccess opening to allow cleanout of the pipe. vc Functioning Sap *Dy"STapDefinitions (Drain-waste-Vent-System) Drain-Waste-Vent-System Network of pipes that transport wastewater and sewer gases from the building "Sewage: * Any liquid waste containing animal or vegetable matter, including liquids containing chemicals "Storm Sewer: + A sewer pipe that carries storm water or other drainage (but not sewage) = Sewer Main: A sewer pipe installed and maintained by a public entity and on public property. "Manhole: "These are RCC/ Masonary chambers constructed at suitable intervals along sewer lines.Definitions (Plumbing Codes) Protect health and safety of community = Reduce potential for widespread disease "Provide rules and regulations for installing drinking water or sewer facilities "Identify required methods for installing plumbing systems The International Residential Code includes requirements for residential plumbing systems. International Plumbing Code is 2 model code that has been widely adopted throughout the United States for non-residential facilities. Supply pipe size dependent upon ‘Amount of water = Water flow pressure = Pipe length = Number of stories Drain-Waste-Vent pipe size dependent upon = Plumbing Fixture Units Type of fixture * Estimated amount of waste IPC INTERNATIONAL PLUMBING CODEDefinitions (Plumbing Codes) ° For non-residential facilities IBC Chapter 29 - Plumbing Systems | BC + Minimum number of plumbing facilities — = Water closets INTERNATIONAL, = Lavatories an + Bathtubs/showers Drinking fountains Other fixtures, "Location of toilet facilities * Toilet room requirementsPlumbing PlanPlumbing Plan The different color lines in this drawing represent the various plumbing pipes used. The blue lines are the fresh water supply entering the home. The red lines are the hot water supply after it has left the hot water tank. The black lines are waste pipes (grey wat and sewage). . The yellow lines are the venting pipes; the enable air and gasses to escape the system.Plumbing IsometricWater Supply Systems Water supply systems operate under pressure. The service pressure of a water supply system must be great ‘enough to absorb pressure losses due to vertical travel and friction as the water flows through pipes and fittings. If water is supplied at 50 ps! (345 kPa), up feed distribution is feasible for low-rise buildings up to six stories in height. For taller buildings, or where the water service pressure is insufficient to maintain adequate fixture service, water is pumped up to an elevated or rooftop storage tank for gravity down feed. Part of this water is often used as a reserve for fire-protection systems. Water supply pipes are therefore sized to use up to the differential between the service pressure, allowing for the pressure loss due to vertical lift or hydraulic friction, and the pressure requirement for each fixture. ~ Gray dwn system setsausterswuceata heli sunt tomatrsie Meuse pl presur ‘rete nat stron stam, ~ Beaches + Reers caates ryt ots tural ng act. log lorie lings, ops nay bere for ha-nater elation and stb. pasion bs poet hms toca logs hata pigng. ot wator rtm eto heater or trae takin oo pestsWater Supply Systems Water supply pipes should be supported at every story vertically and horizontally. "Cold water pipes should be insulated to prevent heat flow into the water from the warmer surrounding air. "Hot water pipes should be insulated against heat loss and should be no closer than 6” to parallel water pipes. eet cmoccr wena wane wae ‘ina pipes shut of aba. Aichaners seolestalleat iture ances to prover wae anne. 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Sratcmmemengetaate ‘evoipssqimnpnaenen dct Wendt estantfn Ait,Sanitary Drainage Systems The layout of the sanitary drainage system should be as direct and straightforward as possible to prevent the deposit of solids and clogging. Cleanouts should be located to allow pipes to be easily cleaned if they do clog. Vents: ‘The vent system permits septic gases to escape to the outside and supplies a flow of fresh air into the drainage system and to protect trap seals from siphonage and back pressure. eden Fevtoaaererany PerrinPrinciples of House Drainage "House Drainage should be preferable laid by side of the building to facilitate easy repair and better maintenance. "House sewer joints should be leek proof because leakage if any shall create an odor problem and leaked wastewater shall infiltrate in the ground and shall reduce bearing ‘capacity of soil below foundation, which is not desirable. "The sewage should flow under the force of gravity. "The house sewer should always be straight. "The entire system should be well ventilated from start to the end. = Where ever there is change in direction of sewer line in the premises, provide inspection chamber at the junction. = Rain water from roofs or open courtyards should not be allowed to flow through the house sewers. A Gully trap or gully is a drainage pipe extension in the form of a basin that allows waste water to safely enter the sewage system with 2 seal that traps dangerous gases and prevents the gases from escaping. The water seal is normally 50 mm to 75 mm deep.Sewage Disposal Systems Sanitary sewers usually convey sewage from plumbing fixtures to a public facility for treatment and disposal. When this is not possible, a private sewage disposal system is required. 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