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Andrea Vedaldi
Horst Bischof
Thomas Brox
Jan-Michael Frahm (Eds.)
LNCS 12349
Computer Vision –
ECCV 2020
16th European Conference
Glasgow, UK, August 23–28, 2020
Proceedings, Part IV
Lecture Notes in Computer Science 12349
Founding Editors
Gerhard Goos
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
Juris Hartmanis
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
Editorial Board Members

Elisa Bertino
Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
Wen Gao
Peking University, Beijing, China
Bernhard Steffen
TU Dortmund University, Dortmund, Germany
Gerhard Woeginger
RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
Moti Yung
Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/7412
Andrea Vedaldi Horst Bischof
• •
Thomas Brox Jan-Michael Frahm (Eds.)

•
Computer Vision –
ECCV 2020
16th European Conference
Glasgow, UK, August 23–28, 2020
Proceedings, Part IV
123
Editors
Andrea Vedaldi Horst Bischof
University of Oxford Graz University of Technology
Oxford, UK Graz, Austria
Thomas Brox Jan-Michael Frahm
University of Freiburg University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany Chapel Hill, NC, USA
ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

Lecture Notes in Computer Science
ISBN 978-3-030-58547-1 ISBN 978-3-030-58548-8 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58548-8
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Foreword
Hosting the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV 2020) was certainly an
exciting journey. From the 2016 plan to hold it at the Edinburgh International
Conference Centre (hosting 1,800 delegates) to the 2018 plan to hold it at Glasgow’s
Scottish Exhibition Centre (up to 6,000 delegates), we finally ended with moving
online because of the COVID-19 outbreak. While possibly having fewer delegates than
expected because of the online format, ECCV 2020 still had over 3,100 registered
participants.
Although online, the conference delivered most of the activities expected at a
face-to-face conference: peer-reviewed papers, industrial exhibitors, demonstrations,
and messaging between delegates. In addition to the main technical sessions, the
conference included a strong program of satellite events with 16 tutorials and 44
workshops.
Furthermore, the online conference format enabled new conference features. Every
paper had an associated teaser video and a longer full presentation video. Along with
the papers and slides from the videos, all these materials were available the week before
the conference. This allowed delegates to become familiar with the paper content and
be ready for the live interaction with the authors during the conference week. The live
event consisted of brief presentations by the oral and spotlight authors and industrial
sponsors. Question and answer sessions for all papers were timed to occur twice so
delegates from around the world had convenient access to the authors.
As with ECCV 2018, authors’ draft versions of the papers appeared online with
open access, now on both the Computer Vision Foundation (CVF) and the European
Computer Vision Association (ECVA) websites. An archival publication arrangement
was put in place with the cooperation of Springer. SpringerLink hosts the final version
of the papers with further improvements, such as activating reference links and sup-
plementary materials. These two approaches benefit all potential readers: a version
available freely for all researchers, and an authoritative and citable version with
additional benefits for SpringerLink subscribers. We thank Alfred Hofmann and
Aliaksandr Birukou from Springer for helping to negotiate this agreement, which we
expect will continue for future versions of ECCV.
August 2020 Vittorio Ferrari

Bob Fisher
Cordelia Schmid
Emanuele Trucco
Preface
Welcome to the proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV

2020). This is a unique edition of ECCV in many ways. Due to the COVID-19
pandemic, this is the first time the conference was held online, in a virtual format. This
was also the first time the conference relied exclusively on the Open Review platform
to manage the review process. Despite these challenges ECCV is thriving. The con-
ference received 5,150 valid paper submissions, of which 1,360 were accepted for
publication (27%) and, of those, 160 were presented as spotlights (3%) and 104 as orals
(2%). This amounts to more than twice the number of submissions to ECCV 2018
(2,439). Furthermore, CVPR, the largest conference on computer vision, received
5,850 submissions this year, meaning that ECCV is now 87% the size of CVPR in
terms of submissions. By comparison, in 2018 the size of ECCV was only 73% of
CVPR.
The review model was similar to previous editions of ECCV; in particular, it was
double blind in the sense that the authors did not know the name of the reviewers and
vice versa. Furthermore, each conference submission was held confidentially, and was
only publicly revealed if and once accepted for publication. Each paper received at least
three reviews, totalling more than 15,000 reviews. Handling the review process at this
scale was a significant challenge. In order to ensure that each submission received as
fair and high-quality reviews as possible, we recruited 2,830 reviewers (a 130%
increase with reference to 2018) and 207 area chairs (a 60% increase). The area chairs
were selected based on their technical expertise and reputation, largely among people
that served as area chair in previous top computer vision and machine learning con-
ferences (ECCV, ICCV, CVPR, NeurIPS, etc.). Reviewers were similarly invited from
previous conferences. We also encouraged experienced area chairs to suggest addi-
tional chairs and reviewers in the initial phase of recruiting.
Despite doubling the number of submissions, the reviewer load was slightly reduced
from 2018, from a maximum of 8 papers down to 7 (with some reviewers offering to
handle 6 papers plus an emergency review). The area chair load increased slightly,
from 18 papers on average to 22 papers on average.
Conflicts of interest between authors, area chairs, and reviewers were handled lar-
gely automatically by the Open Review platform via their curated list of user profiles.
Many authors submitting to ECCV already had a profile in Open Review. We set a
paper registration deadline one week before the paper submission deadline in order to
encourage all missing authors to register and create their Open Review profiles well on
time (in practice, we allowed authors to create/change papers arbitrarily until the
submission deadline). Except for minor issues with users creating duplicate profiles,
this allowed us to easily and quickly identify institutional conflicts, and avoid them,
while matching papers to area chairs and reviewers.
Papers were matched to area chairs based on: an affinity score computed by the
Open Review platform, which is based on paper titles and abstracts, and an affinity
viii Preface
score computed by the Toronto Paper Matching System (TPMS), which is based on the
paper’s full text, the area chair bids for individual papers, load balancing, and conflict
avoidance. Open Review provides the program chairs a convenient web interface to
experiment with different configurations of the matching algorithm. The chosen con-
figuration resulted in about 50% of the assigned papers to be highly ranked by the area
chair bids, and 50% to be ranked in the middle, with very few low bids assigned.
Assignments to reviewers were similar, with two differences. First, there was a
maximum of 7 papers assigned to each reviewer. Second, area chairs recommended up
to seven reviewers per paper, providing another highly-weighed term to the affinity
scores used for matching.
The assignment of papers to area chairs was smooth. However, it was more difficult
to find suitable reviewers for all papers. Having a ratio of 5.6 papers per reviewer with a
maximum load of 7 (due to emergency reviewer commitment), which did not allow for
much wiggle room in order to also satisfy conflict and expertise constraints. We
received some complaints from reviewers who did not feel qualified to review specific
papers and we reassigned them wherever possible. However, the large scale of the
conference, the many constraints, and the fact that a large fraction of such complaints
arrived very late in the review process made this process very difficult and not all
complaints could be addressed.
Reviewers had six weeks to complete their assignments. Possibly due to COVID-19
or the fact that the NeurIPS deadline was moved closer to the review deadline, a record
30% of the reviews were still missing after the deadline. By comparison, ECCV 2018
experienced only 10% missing reviews at this stage of the process. In the subsequent
week, area chairs chased the missing reviews intensely, found replacement reviewers in
their own team, and managed to reach 10% missing reviews. Eventually, we could
provide almost all reviews (more than 99.9%) with a delay of only a couple of days on
the initial schedule by a significant use of emergency reviews. If this trend is confirmed,
it might be a major challenge to run a smooth review process in future editions of
ECCV. The community must reconsider prioritization of the time spent on paper
writing (the number of submissions increased a lot despite COVID-19) and time spent
on paper reviewing (the number of reviews delivered in time decreased a lot pre-
sumably due to COVID-19 or NeurIPS deadline). With this imbalance the peer-review
system that ensures the quality of our top conferences may break soon.
Reviewers submitted their reviews independently. In the reviews, they had the
opportunity to ask questions to the authors to be addressed in the rebuttal. However,
reviewers were told not to request any significant new experiment. Using the Open
Review interface, authors could provide an answer to each individual review, but were
also allowed to cross-reference reviews and responses in their answers. Rather than
PDF files, we allowed the use of formatted text for the rebuttal. The rebuttal and initial
reviews were then made visible to all reviewers and the primary area chair for a given
paper. The area chair encouraged and moderated the reviewer discussion. During the
discussions, reviewers were invited to reach a consensus and possibly adjust their
ratings as a result of the discussion and of the evidence in the rebuttal.
After the discussion period ended, most reviewers entered a final rating and rec-
ommendation, although in many cases this did not differ from their initial recom-
mendation. Based on the updated reviews and discussion, the primary area chair then
Preface ix
made a preliminary decision to accept or reject the paper and wrote a justification for it
(meta-review). Except for cases where the outcome of this process was absolutely clear
(as indicated by the three reviewers and primary area chairs all recommending clear
rejection), the decision was then examined and potentially challenged by a secondary
area chair. This led to further discussion and overturning a small number of preliminary
decisions. Needless to say, there was no in-person area chair meeting, which would
have been impossible due to COVID-19.
Area chairs were invited to observe the consensus of the reviewers whenever
possible and use extreme caution in overturning a clear consensus to accept or reject a
paper. If an area chair still decided to do so, she/he was asked to clearly justify it in the
meta-review and to explicitly obtain the agreement of the secondary area chair. In
practice, very few papers were rejected after being confidently accepted by the
reviewers.
This was the first time Open Review was used as the main platform to run ECCV. In
2018, the program chairs used CMT3 for the user-facing interface and Open Review
internally, for matching and conflict resolution. Since it is clearly preferable to only use
a single platform, this year we switched to using Open Review in full. The experience
was largely positive. The platform is highly-configurable, scalable, and open source.
Being written in Python, it is easy to write scripts to extract data programmatically. The
paper matching and conflict resolution algorithms and interfaces are top-notch, also due
to the excellent author profiles in the platform. Naturally, there were a few kinks along
the way due to the fact that the ECCV Open Review configuration was created from
scratch for this event and it differs in substantial ways from many other Open Review
conferences. However, the Open Review development and support team did a fantastic
job in helping us to get the configuration right and to address issues in a timely manner
as they unavoidably occurred. We cannot thank them enough for the tremendous effort
they put into this project.
Finally, we would like to thank everyone involved in making ECCV 2020 possible
in these very strange and difficult times. This starts with our authors, followed by the
area chairs and reviewers, who ran the review process at an unprecedented scale. The
whole Open Review team (and in particular Melisa Bok, Mohit Unyal, Carlos
Mondragon Chapa, and Celeste Martinez Gomez) worked incredibly hard for the entire
duration of the process. We would also like to thank René Vidal for contributing to the
adoption of Open Review. Our thanks also go to Laurent Charling for TPMS and to the
program chairs of ICML, ICLR, and NeurIPS for cross checking double submissions.
We thank the website chair, Giovanni Farinella, and the CPI team (in particular Ashley
Cook, Miriam Verdon, Nicola McGrane, and Sharon Kerr) for promptly adding
material to the website as needed in the various phases of the process. Finally, we thank
the publication chairs, Albert Ali Salah, Hamdi Dibeklioglu, Metehan Doyran, Henry
Howard-Jenkins, Victor Prisacariu, Siyu Tang, and Gul Varol, who managed to
compile these substantial proceedings in an exceedingly compressed schedule. We
express our thanks to the ECVA team, in particular Kristina Scherbaum for allowing
open access of the proceedings. We thank Alfred Hofmann from Springer who again
x Preface
serve as the publisher. Finally, we thank the other chairs of ECCV 2020, including in
particular the general chairs for very useful feedback with the handling of the program.
August 2020 Andrea Vedaldi

Horst Bischof
Thomas Brox
Jan-Michael Frahm
Organization
General Chairs
Vittorio Ferrari Google Research, Switzerland
Bob Fisher University of Edinburgh, UK
Cordelia Schmid Google and Inria, France
Emanuele Trucco University of Dundee, UK
Program Chairs
Andrea Vedaldi University of Oxford, UK
Horst Bischof Graz University of Technology, Austria
Thomas Brox University of Freiburg, Germany
Jan-Michael Frahm University of North Carolina, USA
Industrial Liaison Chairs

Jim Ashe University of Edinburgh, UK
Helmut Grabner Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland
Diane Larlus NAVER LABS Europe, France
Cristian Novotny University of Edinburgh, UK
Local Arrangement Chairs

Yvan Petillot Heriot-Watt University, UK
Paul Siebert University of Glasgow, UK
Academic Demonstration Chair

Thomas Mensink Google Research and University of Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
Poster Chair
Stephen Mckenna University of Dundee, UK
Technology Chair
Gerardo Aragon Camarasa University of Glasgow, UK
xii Organization
Tutorial Chairs
Carlo Colombo University of Florence, Italy
Sotirios Tsaftaris University of Edinburgh, UK
Publication Chairs
Albert Ali Salah Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Hamdi Dibeklioglu Bilkent University, Turkey
Metehan Doyran Utrecht University, The Netherlands
Henry Howard-Jenkins University of Oxford, UK
Victor Adrian Prisacariu University of Oxford, UK
Siyu Tang ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Gul Varol University of Oxford, UK
Website Chair
Giovanni Maria Farinella University of Catania, Italy
Workshops Chairs
Adrien Bartoli University of Clermont Auvergne, France
Andrea Fusiello University of Udine, Italy
Area Chairs
Lourdes Agapito University College London, UK
Zeynep Akata University of Tübingen, Germany
Karteek Alahari Inria, France
Antonis Argyros University of Crete, Greece
Hossein Azizpour KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden
Joao P. Barreto Universidade de Coimbra, Portugal
Alexander C. Berg University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, USA
Matthew B. Blaschko KU Leuven, Belgium
Lubomir D. Bourdev WaveOne, Inc., USA
Edmond Boyer Inria, France
Yuri Boykov University of Waterloo, Canada
Gabriel Brostow University College London, UK
Michael S. Brown National University of Singapore, Singapore
Jianfei Cai Monash University, Australia
Barbara Caputo Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Ayan Chakrabarti Washington University, St. Louis, USA
Tat-Jen Cham Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Manmohan Chandraker University of California, San Diego, USA
Rama Chellappa Johns Hopkins University, USA
Liang-Chieh Chen Google, USA
Organization xiii
Yung-Yu Chuang National Taiwan University, Taiwan

Ondrej Chum Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Brian Clipp Kitware, USA
John Collomosse University of Surrey and Adobe Research, UK
Jason J. Corso University of Michigan, USA
David J. Crandall Indiana University, USA
Daniel Cremers University of California, Los Angeles, USA
Fabio Cuzzolin Oxford Brookes University, UK
Jifeng Dai SenseTime, SAR China
Kostas Daniilidis University of Pennsylvania, USA
Andrew Davison Imperial College London, UK
Alessio Del Bue Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Italy
Jia Deng Princeton University, USA
Alexey Dosovitskiy Google, Germany
Matthijs Douze Facebook, France
Enrique Dunn Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Irfan Essa Georgia Institute of Technology and Google, USA
Giovanni Maria Farinella University of Catania, Italy
Ryan Farrell Brigham Young University, USA
Paolo Favaro University of Bern, Switzerland
Rogerio Feris International Business Machines, USA
Cornelia Fermuller University of Maryland, College Park, USA
David J. Fleet Vector Institute, Canada
Friedrich Fraundorfer DLR, Austria
Mario Fritz CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security,
Germany
Pascal Fua EPFL (Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
Lausanne), Switzerland
Yasutaka Furukawa Simon Fraser University, Canada
Li Fuxin Oregon State University, USA
Efstratios Gavves University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Peter Vincent Gehler Amazon, USA
Theo Gevers University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Ross Girshick Facebook AI Research, USA
Boqing Gong Google, USA
Stephen Gould Australian National University, Australia
Jinwei Gu SenseTime Research, USA
Abhinav Gupta Facebook, USA
Bohyung Han Seoul National University, South Korea
Bharath Hariharan Cornell University, USA
Tal Hassner Facebook AI Research, USA
Xuming He Australian National University, Australia
Joao F. Henriques University of Oxford, UK
Adrian Hilton University of Surrey, UK
Minh Hoai Stony Brooks, State University of New York, USA
Derek Hoiem University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, USA
xiv Organization
Timothy Hospedales University of Edinburgh and Samsung, UK

Gang Hua Wormpex AI Research, USA
Slobodan Ilic Siemens AG, Germany
Hiroshi Ishikawa Waseda University, Japan
Jiaya Jia The Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR China
Hailin Jin Adobe Research, USA
Justin Johnson University of Michigan, USA
Frederic Jurie University of Caen Normandie, France
Fredrik Kahl Chalmers University, Sweden
Sing Bing Kang Zillow, USA
Gunhee Kim Seoul National University, South Korea
Junmo Kim Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
South Korea
Tae-Kyun Kim Imperial College London, UK
Ron Kimmel Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Israel
Alexander Kirillov Facebook AI Research, USA
Kris Kitani Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Iasonas Kokkinos Ariel AI, UK
Vladlen Koltun Intel Labs, USA
Nikos Komodakis Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, France
Piotr Koniusz Australian National University, Australia
M. Pawan Kumar University of Oxford, UK
Kyros Kutulakos University of Toronto, Canada
Christoph Lampert IST Austria, Austria
Ivan Laptev Inria, France
Diane Larlus NAVER LABS Europe, France
Laura Leal-Taixe Technical University Munich, Germany
Honglak Lee Google and University of Michigan, USA
Joon-Young Lee Adobe Research, USA
Kyoung Mu Lee Seoul National University, South Korea
Seungyong Lee POSTECH, South Korea
Yong Jae Lee University of California, Davis, USA
Bastian Leibe RWTH Aachen University, Germany
Victor Lempitsky Samsung, Russia
Ales Leonardis University of Birmingham, UK
Marius Leordeanu Institute of Mathematics of the Romanian Academy,
Romania
Vincent Lepetit ENPC ParisTech, France
Hongdong Li The Australian National University, Australia
Xi Li Zhejiang University, China
Yin Li University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
Zicheng Liao Zhejiang University, China
Jongwoo Lim Hanyang University, South Korea
Stephen Lin Microsoft Research Asia, China
Yen-Yu Lin National Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, China
Zhe Lin Adobe Research, USA
Organization xv
Haibin Ling Stony Brooks, State University of New York, USA

Jiaying Liu Peking University, China
Ming-Yu Liu NVIDIA, USA
Si Liu Beihang University, China
Xiaoming Liu Michigan State University, USA
Huchuan Lu Dalian University of Technology, China
Simon Lucey Carnegie Mellon University, USA
Jiebo Luo University of Rochester, USA
Julien Mairal Inria, France
Michael Maire University of Chicago, USA
Subhransu Maji University of Massachusetts, Amherst, USA
Yasushi Makihara Osaka University, Japan
Jiri Matas Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Yasuyuki Matsushita Osaka University, Japan
Philippos Mordohai Stevens Institute of Technology, USA
Vittorio Murino University of Verona, Italy
Naila Murray NAVER LABS Europe, France
Hajime Nagahara Osaka University, Japan
P. J. Narayanan International Institute of Information Technology
(IIIT), Hyderabad, India
Nassir Navab Technical University of Munich, Germany
Natalia Neverova Facebook AI Research, France
Matthias Niessner Technical University of Munich, Germany
Jean-Marc Odobez Idiap Research Institute and Swiss Federal Institute
of Technology Lausanne, Switzerland
Francesca Odone Università di Genova, Italy
Takeshi Oishi The University of Tokyo, Tokyo Institute
of Technology, Japan
Vicente Ordonez University of Virginia, USA
Manohar Paluri Facebook AI Research, USA
Maja Pantic Imperial College London, UK
In Kyu Park Inha University, South Korea
Ioannis Patras Queen Mary University of London, UK
Patrick Perez Valeo, France
Bryan A. Plummer Boston University, USA
Thomas Pock Graz University of Technology, Austria
Marc Pollefeys ETH Zurich and Microsoft MR & AI Zurich Lab,
Switzerland
Jean Ponce Inria, France
Gerard Pons-Moll MPII, Saarland Informatics Campus, Germany
Jordi Pont-Tuset Google, Switzerland
James Matthew Rehg Georgia Institute of Technology, USA
Ian Reid University of Adelaide, Australia
Olaf Ronneberger DeepMind London, UK
Stefan Roth TU Darmstadt, Germany
Bryan Russell Adobe Research, USA
xvi Organization
Mathieu Salzmann EPFL, Switzerland

Dimitris Samaras Stony Brook University, USA
Imari Sato National Institute of Informatics (NII), Japan
Yoichi Sato The University of Tokyo, Japan
Torsten Sattler Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Daniel Scharstein Middlebury College, USA
Bernt Schiele MPII, Saarland Informatics Campus, Germany
Julia A. Schnabel King’s College London, UK
Nicu Sebe University of Trento, Italy
Greg Shakhnarovich Toyota Technological Institute at Chicago, USA
Humphrey Shi University of Oregon, USA
Jianbo Shi University of Pennsylvania, USA
Jianping Shi SenseTime, China
Leonid Sigal University of British Columbia, Canada
Cees Snoek University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Richard Souvenir Temple University, USA
Hao Su University of California, San Diego, USA
Akihiro Sugimoto National Institute of Informatics (NII), Japan
Jian Sun Megvii Technology, China
Jian Sun Xi’an Jiaotong University, China
Chris Sweeney Facebook Reality Labs, USA
Yu-wing Tai Kuaishou Technology, China
Chi-Keung Tang The Hong Kong University of Science
and Technology, SAR China
Radu Timofte ETH Zurich, Switzerland
Sinisa Todorovic Oregon State University, USA
Giorgos Tolias Czech Technical University in Prague, Czech Republic
Carlo Tomasi Duke University, USA
Tatiana Tommasi Politecnico di Torino, Italy
Lorenzo Torresani Facebook AI Research and Dartmouth College, USA
Alexander Toshev Google, USA
Zhuowen Tu University of California, San Diego, USA
Tinne Tuytelaars KU Leuven, Belgium
Jasper Uijlings Google, Switzerland
Nuno Vasconcelos University of California, San Diego, USA
Olga Veksler University of Waterloo, Canada
Rene Vidal Johns Hopkins University, USA
Gang Wang Alibaba Group, China
Jingdong Wang Microsoft Research Asia, China
Yizhou Wang Peking University, China
Lior Wolf Facebook AI Research and Tel Aviv University, Israel
Jianxin Wu Nanjing University, China
Tao Xiang University of Surrey, UK
Saining Xie Facebook AI Research, USA
Ming-Hsuan Yang University of California at Merced and Google, USA
Ruigang Yang University of Kentucky, USA
Organization xvii
Kwang Moo Yi University of Victoria, Canada

Zhaozheng Yin Stony Brook, State University of New York, USA
Chang D. Yoo Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology,
South Korea
Shaodi You University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Jingyi Yu ShanghaiTech University, China
Stella Yu University of California, Berkeley, and ICSI, USA
Stefanos Zafeiriou Imperial College London, UK
Hongbin Zha Peking University, China
Tianzhu Zhang University of Science and Technology of China, China
Liang Zheng Australian National University, Australia
Todd E. Zickler Harvard University, USA
Andrew Zisserman University of Oxford, UK
Technical Program Committee
Sathyanarayanan Samuel Albanie Pablo Arbelaez

N. Aakur Shadi Albarqouni Shervin Ardeshir
Wael Abd Almgaeed Cenek Albl Sercan O. Arik
Abdelrahman Hassan Abu Alhaija Anil Armagan
Abdelhamed Daniel Aliaga Anurag Arnab
Abdullah Abuolaim Mohammad Chetan Arora
Supreeth Achar S. Aliakbarian Federica Arrigoni
Hanno Ackermann Rahaf Aljundi Mathieu Aubry
Ehsan Adeli Thiemo Alldieck Shai Avidan
Triantafyllos Afouras Jon Almazan Angelica I. Aviles-Rivero
Sameer Agarwal Jose M. Alvarez Yannis Avrithis
Aishwarya Agrawal Senjian An Ismail Ben Ayed
Harsh Agrawal Saket Anand Shekoofeh Azizi
Pulkit Agrawal Codruta Ancuti Ioan Andrei Bârsan
Antonio Agudo Cosmin Ancuti Artem Babenko
Eirikur Agustsson Peter Anderson Deepak Babu Sam
Karim Ahmed Juan Andrade-Cetto Seung-Hwan Baek
Byeongjoo Ahn Alexander Andreopoulos Seungryul Baek
Unaiza Ahsan Misha Andriluka Andrew D. Bagdanov
Thalaiyasingam Ajanthan Dragomir Anguelov Shai Bagon
Kenan E. Ak Rushil Anirudh Yuval Bahat
Emre Akbas Michel Antunes Junjie Bai
Naveed Akhtar Oisin Mac Aodha Song Bai
Derya Akkaynak Srikar Appalaraju Xiang Bai
Yagiz Aksoy Relja Arandjelovic Yalong Bai
Ziad Al-Halah Nikita Araslanov Yancheng Bai
Xavier Alameda-Pineda Andre Araujo Peter Bajcsy
Jean-Baptiste Alayrac Helder Araujo Slawomir Bak
xviii Organization
Mahsa Baktashmotlagh Florian Bernard Pradeep Buddharaju

Kavita Bala Stefano Berretti Uta Buechler
Yogesh Balaji Marcelo Bertalmio Mai Bui
Guha Balakrishnan Gedas Bertasius Tu Bui
V. N. Balasubramanian Cigdem Beyan Adrian Bulat
Federico Baldassarre Lucas Beyer Giedrius T. Burachas
Vassileios Balntas Vijayakumar Bhagavatula Elena Burceanu
Shurjo Banerjee Arjun Nitin Bhagoji Xavier P. Burgos-Artizzu
Aayush Bansal Apratim Bhattacharyya Kaylee Burns
Ankan Bansal Binod Bhattarai Andrei Bursuc
Jianmin Bao Sai Bi Benjamin Busam
Linchao Bao Jia-Wang Bian Wonmin Byeon
Wenbo Bao Simone Bianco Zoya Bylinskii
Yingze Bao Adel Bibi Sergi Caelles
Akash Bapat Tolga Birdal Jianrui Cai
Md Jawadul Hasan Bappy Tom Bishop Minjie Cai
Fabien Baradel Soma Biswas Yujun Cai
Lorenzo Baraldi Mårten Björkman Zhaowei Cai
Daniel Barath Volker Blanz Zhipeng Cai
Adrian Barbu Vishnu Boddeti Juan C. Caicedo
Kobus Barnard Navaneeth Bodla Simone Calderara
Nick Barnes Simion-Vlad Bogolin Necati Cihan Camgoz
Francisco Barranco Xavier Boix Dylan Campbell
Jonathan T. Barron Piotr Bojanowski Octavia Camps
Arslan Basharat Timo Bolkart Jiale Cao
Chaim Baskin Guido Borghi Kaidi Cao
Anil S. Baslamisli Larbi Boubchir Liangliang Cao
Jorge Batista Guillaume Bourmaud Xiangyong Cao
Kayhan Batmanghelich Adrien Bousseau Xiaochun Cao
Konstantinos Batsos Thierry Bouwmans Yang Cao
David Bau Richard Bowden Yu Cao
Luis Baumela Hakan Boyraz Yue Cao
Christoph Baur Mathieu Brédif Zhangjie Cao
Eduardo Samarth Brahmbhatt Luca Carlone
Bayro-Corrochano Steve Branson Mathilde Caron
Paul Beardsley Nikolas Brasch Dan Casas
Jan Bednavr’ik Biagio Brattoli Thomas J. Cashman
Oscar Beijbom Ernesto Brau Umberto Castellani
Philippe Bekaert Toby P. Breckon Lluis Castrejon
Esube Bekele Francois Bremond Jacopo Cavazza
Vasileios Belagiannis Jesus Briales Fabio Cermelli
Ohad Ben-Shahar Sofia Broomé Hakan Cevikalp
Abhijit Bendale Marcus A. Brubaker Menglei Chai
Róger Bermúdez-Chacón Luc Brun Ishani Chakraborty
Maxim Berman Silvia Bucci Rudrasis Chakraborty
Jesus Bermudez-cameo Shyamal Buch Antoni B. Chan
Organization xix
Kwok-Ping Chan Weifeng Chen Nam Ik Cho

Siddhartha Chandra Weikai Chen Tim Cho
Sharat Chandran Xi Chen Tae Eun Choe
Arjun Chandrasekaran Xiaohan Chen Chiho Choi
Angel X. Chang Xiaozhi Chen Edward Choi
Che-Han Chang Xilin Chen Inchang Choi
Hong Chang Xingyu Chen Jinsoo Choi
Hyun Sung Chang Xinlei Chen Jonghyun Choi
Hyung Jin Chang Xinyun Chen Jongwon Choi
Jianlong Chang Yi-Ting Chen Yukyung Choi
Ju Yong Chang Yilun Chen Hisham Cholakkal
Ming-Ching Chang Ying-Cong Chen Eunji Chong
Simyung Chang Yinpeng Chen Jaegul Choo
Xiaojun Chang Yiran Chen Christopher Choy
Yu-Wei Chao Yu Chen Hang Chu
Devendra S. Chaplot Yu-Sheng Chen Peng Chu
Arslan Chaudhry Yuhua Chen Wen-Sheng Chu
Rizwan A. Chaudhry Yun-Chun Chen Albert Chung
Can Chen Yunpeng Chen Joon Son Chung
Chang Chen Yuntao Chen Hai Ci
Chao Chen Zhuoyuan Chen Safa Cicek
Chen Chen Zitian Chen Ramazan G. Cinbis
Chu-Song Chen Anchieh Cheng Arridhana Ciptadi
Dapeng Chen Bowen Cheng Javier Civera
Dong Chen Erkang Cheng James J. Clark
Dongdong Chen Gong Cheng Ronald Clark
Guanying Chen Guangliang Cheng Felipe Codevilla
Hongge Chen Jingchun Cheng Michael Cogswell
Hsin-yi Chen Jun Cheng Andrea Cohen
Huaijin Chen Li Cheng Maxwell D. Collins
Hwann-Tzong Chen Ming-Ming Cheng Carlo Colombo
Jianbo Chen Yu Cheng Yang Cong
Jianhui Chen Ziang Cheng Adria R. Continente
Jiansheng Chen Anoop Cherian Marcella Cornia
Jiaxin Chen Dmitry Chetverikov John Richard Corring
Jie Chen Ngai-man Cheung Darren Cosker
Jun-Cheng Chen William Cheung Dragos Costea
Kan Chen Ajad Chhatkuli Garrison W. Cottrell
Kevin Chen Naoki Chiba Florent Couzinie-Devy
Lin Chen Benjamin Chidester Marco Cristani
Long Chen Han-pang Chiu Ioana Croitoru
Min-Hung Chen Mang Tik Chiu James L. Crowley
Qifeng Chen Wei-Chen Chiu Jiequan Cui
Shi Chen Donghyeon Cho Zhaopeng Cui
Shixing Chen Hojin Cho Ross Cutler
Tianshui Chen Minsu Cho Antonio D’Innocente
xx Organization
Rozenn Dahyot Mingyu Ding Jan Ernst

Bo Dai Xinghao Ding Sergio Escalera
Dengxin Dai Zhengming Ding Francisco Escolano
Hang Dai Robert DiPietro Victor Escorcia
Longquan Dai Cosimo Distante Carlos Esteves
Shuyang Dai Ajay Divakaran Francisco J. Estrada
Xiyang Dai Mandar Dixit Bin Fan
Yuchao Dai Abdelaziz Djelouah Chenyou Fan
Adrian V. Dalca Thanh-Toan Do Deng-Ping Fan
Dima Damen Jose Dolz Haoqi Fan
Bharath B. Damodaran Bo Dong Hehe Fan
Kristin Dana Chao Dong Heng Fan
Martin Danelljan Jiangxin Dong Kai Fan
Zheng Dang Weiming Dong Lijie Fan
Zachary Alan Daniels Weisheng Dong Linxi Fan
Donald G. Dansereau Xingping Dong Quanfu Fan
Abhishek Das Xuanyi Dong Shaojing Fan
Samyak Datta Yinpeng Dong Xiaochuan Fan
Achal Dave Gianfranco Doretto Xin Fan
Titas De Hazel Doughty Yuchen Fan
Rodrigo de Bem Hassen Drira Sean Fanello
Teo de Campos Bertram Drost Hao-Shu Fang
Raoul de Charette Dawei Du Haoyang Fang
Shalini De Mello Ye Duan Kuan Fang
Joseph DeGol Yueqi Duan Yi Fang
Herve Delingette Abhimanyu Dubey Yuming Fang
Haowen Deng Anastasia Dubrovina Azade Farshad
Jiankang Deng Stefan Duffner Alireza Fathi
Weijian Deng Chi Nhan Duong Raanan Fattal
Zhiwei Deng Thibaut Durand Joao Fayad
Joachim Denzler Zoran Duric Xiaohan Fei
Konstantinos G. Derpanis Iulia Duta Christoph Feichtenhofer
Aditya Deshpande Debidatta Dwibedi Michael Felsberg
Frederic Devernay Benjamin Eckart Chen Feng
Somdip Dey Marc Eder Jiashi Feng
Arturo Deza Marzieh Edraki Junyi Feng
Abhinav Dhall Alexei A. Efros Mengyang Feng
Helisa Dhamo Kiana Ehsani Qianli Feng
Vikas Dhiman Hazm Kemal Ekenel Zhenhua Feng
Fillipe Dias Moreira James H. Elder Michele Fenzi
de Souza Mohamed Elgharib Andras Ferencz
Ali Diba Shireen Elhabian Martin Fergie
Ferran Diego Ehsan Elhamifar Basura Fernando
Guiguang Ding Mohamed Elhoseiny Ethan Fetaya
Henghui Ding Ian Endres Michael Firman
Jian Ding N. Benjamin Erichson John W. Fisher
Organization xxi
Matthew Fisher Jin Gao Dong Gong

Boris Flach Jiyang Gao Ke Gong
Corneliu Florea Junbin Gao Mingming Gong
Wolfgang Foerstner Katelyn Gao Abel Gonzalez-Garcia
David Fofi Lin Gao Ariel Gordon
Gian Luca Foresti Mingfei Gao Daniel Gordon
Per-Erik Forssen Ruiqi Gao Paulo Gotardo
David Fouhey Ruohan Gao Venu Madhav Govindu
Katerina Fragkiadaki Shenghua Gao Ankit Goyal
Victor Fragoso Yuan Gao Priya Goyal
Jean-Sébastien Franco Yue Gao Raghav Goyal
Ohad Fried Noa Garcia Benjamin Graham
Iuri Frosio Alberto Garcia-Garcia Douglas Gray
Cheng-Yang Fu Guillermo Brent A. Griffin
Huazhu Fu Garcia-Hernando Etienne Grossmann
Jianlong Fu Jacob R. Gardner David Gu
Jingjing Fu Animesh Garg Jiayuan Gu
Xueyang Fu Kshitiz Garg Jiuxiang Gu
Yanwei Fu Rahul Garg Lin Gu
Ying Fu Ravi Garg Qiao Gu
Yun Fu Philip N. Garner Shuhang Gu
Olac Fuentes Kirill Gavrilyuk Jose J. Guerrero
Kent Fujiwara Paul Gay Paul Guerrero
Takuya Funatomi Shiming Ge Jie Gui
Christopher Funk Weifeng Ge Jean-Yves Guillemaut
Thomas Funkhouser Baris Gecer Riza Alp Guler
Antonino Furnari Xin Geng Erhan Gundogdu
Ryo Furukawa Kyle Genova Fatma Guney
Erik Gärtner Stamatios Georgoulis Guodong Guo
Raghudeep Gadde Bernard Ghanem Kaiwen Guo
Matheus Gadelha Michael Gharbi Qi Guo
Vandit Gajjar Kamran Ghasedi Sheng Guo
Trevor Gale Golnaz Ghiasi Shi Guo
Juergen Gall Arnab Ghosh Tiantong Guo
Mathias Gallardo Partha Ghosh Xiaojie Guo
Guillermo Gallego Silvio Giancola Yijie Guo
Orazio Gallo Andrew Gilbert Yiluan Guo
Chuang Gan Rohit Girdhar Yuanfang Guo
Zhe Gan Xavier Giro-i-Nieto Yulan Guo
Madan Ravi Ganesh Thomas Gittings Agrim Gupta
Aditya Ganeshan Ioannis Gkioulekas Ankush Gupta
Siddha Ganju Clement Godard Mohit Gupta
Bin-Bin Gao Vaibhava Goel Saurabh Gupta
Changxin Gao Bastian Goldluecke Tanmay Gupta
Feng Gao Lluis Gomez Danna Gurari
Hongchang Gao Nuno Gonçalves Abner Guzman-Rivera
xxii Organization
JunYoung Gwak Zhihai He Ronghang Hu

Michael Gygli Chinmay Hegde Xiaowei Hu
Jung-Woo Ha Janne Heikkila Yinlin Hu
Simon Hadfield Mattias P. Heinrich Yuan-Ting Hu
Isma Hadji Stéphane Herbin Zhe Hu
Bjoern Haefner Alexander Hermans Binh-Son Hua
Taeyoung Hahn Luis Herranz Yang Hua
Levente Hajder John R. Hershey Bingyao Huang
Peter Hall Aaron Hertzmann Di Huang
Emanuela Haller Roei Herzig Dong Huang
Stefan Haller Anders Heyden Fay Huang
Bumsub Ham Steven Hickson Haibin Huang
Abdullah Hamdi Otmar Hilliges Haozhi Huang
Dongyoon Han Tomas Hodan Heng Huang
Hu Han Judy Hoffman Huaibo Huang
Jungong Han Michael Hofmann Jia-Bin Huang
Junwei Han Yannick Hold-Geoffroy Jing Huang
Kai Han Namdar Homayounfar Jingwei Huang
Tian Han Sina Honari Kaizhu Huang
Xiaoguang Han Richang Hong Lei Huang
Xintong Han Seunghoon Hong Qiangui Huang
Yahong Han Xiaopeng Hong Qiaoying Huang
Ankur Handa Yi Hong Qingqiu Huang
Zekun Hao Hidekata Hontani Qixing Huang
Albert Haque Anthony Hoogs Shaoli Huang
Tatsuya Harada Yedid Hoshen Sheng Huang
Mehrtash Harandi Mir Rayat Imtiaz Hossain Siyuan Huang
Adam W. Harley Junhui Hou Weilin Huang
Mahmudul Hasan Le Hou Wenbing Huang
Atsushi Hashimoto Lu Hou Xiangru Huang
Ali Hatamizadeh Tingbo Hou Xun Huang
Munawar Hayat Wei-Lin Hsiao Yan Huang
Dongliang He Cheng-Chun Hsu Yifei Huang
Jingrui He Gee-Sern Jison Hsu Yue Huang
Junfeng He Kuang-jui Hsu Zhiwu Huang
Kaiming He Changbo Hu Zilong Huang
Kun He Di Hu Minyoung Huh
Lei He Guosheng Hu Zhuo Hui
Pan He Han Hu Matthias B. Hullin
Ran He Hao Hu Martin Humenberger
Shengfeng He Hexiang Hu Wei-Chih Hung
Tong He Hou-Ning Hu Zhouyuan Huo
Weipeng He Jie Hu Junhwa Hur
Xuming He Junlin Hu Noureldien Hussein
Yang He Nan Hu Jyh-Jing Hwang
Yihui He Ping Hu Seong Jae Hwang
Organization xxiii
Sung Ju Hwang Lai Jiang Christopher Kanan

Ichiro Ide Li Jiang Kenichi Kanatani
Ivo Ihrke Lu Jiang Angjoo Kanazawa
Daiki Ikami Ming Jiang Atsushi Kanehira
Satoshi Ikehata Peng Jiang Takuhiro Kaneko
Nazli Ikizler-Cinbis Shuqiang Jiang Asako Kanezaki
Sunghoon Im Wei Jiang Bingyi Kang
Yani Ioannou Xudong Jiang Di Kang
Radu Tudor Ionescu Zhuolin Jiang Sunghun Kang
Umar Iqbal Jianbo Jiao Zhao Kang
Go Irie Zequn Jie Vadim Kantorov
Ahmet Iscen Dakai Jin Abhishek Kar
Md Amirul Islam Kyong Hwan Jin Amlan Kar
Vamsi Ithapu Lianwen Jin Theofanis Karaletsos
Nathan Jacobs SouYoung Jin Leonid Karlinsky
Arpit Jain Xiaojie Jin Kevin Karsch
Himalaya Jain Xin Jin Angelos Katharopoulos
Suyog Jain Nebojsa Jojic Isinsu Katircioglu
Stuart James Alexis Joly Hiroharu Kato
Won-Dong Jang Michael Jeffrey Jones Zoltan Kato
Yunseok Jang Hanbyul Joo Dotan Kaufman
Ronnachai Jaroensri Jungseock Joo Jan Kautz
Dinesh Jayaraman Kyungdon Joo Rei Kawakami
Sadeep Jayasumana Ajjen Joshi Qiuhong Ke
Suren Jayasuriya Shantanu H. Joshi Wadim Kehl
Herve Jegou Da-Cheng Juan Petr Kellnhofer
Simon Jenni Marco Körner Aniruddha Kembhavi
Hae-Gon Jeon Kevin Köser Cem Keskin
Yunho Jeon Asim Kadav Margret Keuper
Koteswar R. Jerripothula Christine Kaeser-Chen Daniel Keysers
Hueihan Jhuang Kushal Kafle Ashkan Khakzar
I-hong Jhuo Dagmar Kainmueller Fahad Khan
Dinghuang Ji Ioannis A. Kakadiaris Naeemullah Khan
Hui Ji Zdenek Kalal Salman Khan
Jingwei Ji Nima Kalantari Siddhesh Khandelwal
Pan Ji Yannis Kalantidis Rawal Khirodkar
Yanli Ji Mahdi M. Kalayeh Anna Khoreva
Baoxiong Jia Anmol Kalia Tejas Khot
Kui Jia Sinan Kalkan Parmeshwar Khurd
Xu Jia Vicky Kalogeiton Hadi Kiapour
Chiyu Max Jiang Ashwin Kalyan Joe Kileel
Haiyong Jiang Joni-kristian Kamarainen Chanho Kim
Hao Jiang Gerda Kamberova Dahun Kim
Huaizu Jiang Chandra Kambhamettu Edward Kim
Huajie Jiang Martin Kampel Eunwoo Kim
Ke Jiang Meina Kan Han-ul Kim
xxiv Organization
Hansung Kim Adam Kortylewski Xiangyuan lan

Heewon Kim Jana Kosecka Xu Lan
Hyo Jin Kim Jean Kossaifi Charis Lanaras
Hyunwoo J. Kim Satwik Kottur Georg Langs
Jinkyu Kim Rigas Kouskouridas Oswald Lanz
Jiwon Kim Adriana Kovashka Dong Lao
Jongmin Kim Rama Kovvuri Yizhen Lao
Junsik Kim Adarsh Kowdle Agata Lapedriza
Junyeong Kim Jedrzej Kozerawski Gustav Larsson
Min H. Kim Mateusz Kozinski Viktor Larsson
Namil Kim Philipp Kraehenbuehl Katrin Lasinger
Pyojin Kim Gregory Kramida Christoph Lassner
Seon Joo Kim Josip Krapac Longin Jan Latecki
Seong Tae Kim Dmitry Kravchenko Stéphane Lathuilière
Seungryong Kim Ranjay Krishna Rynson Lau
Sungwoong Kim Pavel Krsek Hei Law
Tae Hyun Kim Alexander Krull Justin Lazarow
Vladimir Kim Jakob Kruse Svetlana Lazebnik
Won Hwa Kim Hiroyuki Kubo Hieu Le
Yonghyun Kim Hilde Kuehne Huu Le
Benjamin Kimia Jason Kuen Ngan Hoang Le
Akisato Kimura Andreas Kuhn Trung-Nghia Le
Pieter-Jan Kindermans Arjan Kuijper Vuong Le
Zsolt Kira Zuzana Kukelova Colin Lea
Itaru Kitahara Ajay Kumar Erik Learned-Miller
Hedvig Kjellstrom Amit Kumar Chen-Yu Lee
Jan Knopp Avinash Kumar Gim Hee Lee
Takumi Kobayashi Suryansh Kumar Hsin-Ying Lee
Erich Kobler Vijay Kumar Hyungtae Lee
Parker Koch Kaustav Kundu Jae-Han Lee
Reinhard Koch Weicheng Kuo Jimmy Addison Lee
Elyor Kodirov Nojun Kwak Joonseok Lee
Amir Kolaman Suha Kwak Kibok Lee
Nicholas Kolkin Junseok Kwon Kuang-Huei Lee
Dimitrios Kollias Nikolaos Kyriazis Kwonjoon Lee
Stefanos Kollias Zorah Lähner Minsik Lee
Soheil Kolouri Ankit Laddha Sang-chul Lee
Adams Wai-Kin Kong Florent Lafarge Seungkyu Lee
Naejin Kong Jean Lahoud Soochan Lee
Shu Kong Kevin Lai Stefan Lee
Tao Kong Shang-Hong Lai Taehee Lee
Yu Kong Wei-Sheng Lai Andreas Lehrmann
Yoshinori Konishi Yu-Kun Lai Jie Lei
Daniil Kononenko Iro Laina Peng Lei
Theodora Kontogianni Antony Lam Matthew Joseph Leotta
Simon Korman John Wheatley Lambert Wee Kheng Leow
Organization xxv
Gil Levi Sheng Li Renjie Liao

Evgeny Levinkov Shiwei Li Shengcai Liao
Aviad Levis Shuang Li Shuai Liao
Jose Lezama Siyang Li Yiyi Liao
Ang Li Stan Z. Li Ser-Nam Lim
Bin Li Tianye Li Chen-Hsuan Lin
Bing Li Wei Li Chung-Ching Lin
Boyi Li Weixin Li Dahua Lin
Changsheng Li Wen Li Ji Lin
Chao Li Wenbo Li Kevin Lin
Chen Li Xiaomeng Li Tianwei Lin
Cheng Li Xin Li Tsung-Yi Lin
Chenglong Li Xiu Li Tsung-Yu Lin
Chi Li Xuelong Li Wei-An Lin
Chun-Guang Li Xueting Li Weiyao Lin
Chun-Liang Li Yan Li Yen-Chen Lin
Chunyuan Li Yandong Li Yuewei Lin
Dong Li Yanghao Li David B. Lindell
Guanbin Li Yehao Li Drew Linsley
Hao Li Yi Li Krzysztof Lis
Haoxiang Li Yijun Li Roee Litman
Hongsheng Li Yikang LI Jim Little
Hongyang Li Yining Li An-An Liu
Houqiang Li Yongjie Li Bo Liu
Huibin Li Yu Li Buyu Liu
Jia Li Yu-Jhe Li Chao Liu
Jianan Li Yunpeng Li Chen Liu
Jianguo Li Yunsheng Li Cheng-lin Liu
Junnan Li Yunzhu Li Chenxi Liu
Junxuan Li Zhe Li Dong Liu
Kai Li Zhen Li Feng Liu
Ke Li Zhengqi Li Guilin Liu
Kejie Li Zhenyang Li Haomiao Liu
Kunpeng Li Zhuwen Li Heshan Liu
Lerenhan Li Dongze Lian Hong Liu
Li Erran Li Xiaochen Lian Ji Liu
Mengtian Li Zhouhui Lian Jingen Liu
Mu Li Chen Liang Jun Liu
Peihua Li Jie Liang Lanlan Liu
Peiyi Li Ming Liang Li Liu
Ping Li Paul Pu Liang Liu Liu
Qi Li Pengpeng Liang Mengyuan Liu
Qing Li Shu Liang Miaomiao Liu
Ruiyu Li Wei Liang Nian Liu
Ruoteng Li Jing Liao Ping Liu
Shaozi Li Minghui Liao Risheng Liu
xxvi Organization
Sheng Liu Yang Long K. T. Ma

Shu Liu Charles T. Loop Ke Ma
Shuaicheng Liu Antonio Lopez Lin Ma
Sifei Liu Roberto J. Lopez-Sastre Liqian Ma
Siqi Liu Javier Lorenzo-Navarro Shugao Ma
Siying Liu Manolis Lourakis Wei-Chiu Ma
Songtao Liu Boyu Lu Xiaojian Ma
Ting Liu Canyi Lu Xingjun Ma
Tongliang Liu Feng Lu Zhanyu Ma
Tyng-Luh Liu Guoyu Lu Zheng Ma
Wanquan Liu Hongtao Lu Radek Jakob Mackowiak
Wei Liu Jiajun Lu Ludovic Magerand
Weiyang Liu Jiasen Lu Shweta Mahajan
Weizhe Liu Jiwen Lu Siddharth Mahendran
Wenyu Liu Kaiyue Lu Long Mai
Wu Liu Le Lu Ameesh Makadia
Xialei Liu Shao-Ping Lu Oscar Mendez Maldonado
Xianglong Liu Shijian Lu Mateusz Malinowski
Xiaodong Liu Xiankai Lu Yury Malkov
Xiaofeng Liu Xin Lu Arun Mallya
Xihui Liu Yao Lu Dipu Manandhar
Xingyu Liu Yiping Lu Massimiliano Mancini
Xinwang Liu Yongxi Lu Fabian Manhardt
Xuanqing Liu Yongyi Lu Kevis-kokitsi Maninis
Xuebo Liu Zhiwu Lu Varun Manjunatha
Yang Liu Fujun Luan Junhua Mao
Yaojie Liu Benjamin E. Lundell Xudong Mao
Yebin Liu Hao Luo Alina Marcu
Yen-Cheng Liu Jian-Hao Luo Edgar Margffoy-Tuay
Yiming Liu Ruotian Luo Dmitrii Marin
Yu Liu Weixin Luo Manuel J. Marin-Jimenez
Yu-Shen Liu Wenhan Luo Kenneth Marino
Yufan Liu Wenjie Luo Niki Martinel
Yun Liu Yan Luo Julieta Martinez
Zheng Liu Zelun Luo Jonathan Masci
Zhijian Liu Zixin Luo Tomohiro Mashita
Zhuang Liu Khoa Luu Iacopo Masi
Zichuan Liu Zhaoyang Lv David Masip
Ziwei Liu Pengyuan Lyu Daniela Massiceti
Zongyi Liu Thomas Möllenhoff Stefan Mathe
Stephan Liwicki Matthias Müller Yusuke Matsui
Liliana Lo Presti Bingpeng Ma Tetsu Matsukawa
Chengjiang Long Chih-Yao Ma Iain A. Matthews
Fuchen Long Chongyang Ma Kevin James Matzen
Mingsheng Long Huimin Ma Bruce Allen Maxwell
Xiang Long Jiayi Ma Stephen Maybank
Organization xxvii
Helmut Mayer Pritish Mohapatra Lakshmanan Nataraj

Amir Mazaheri Pavlo Molchanov Neda Nategh
David McAllester Davide Moltisanti Nelson Isao Nauata
Steven McDonagh Pascal Monasse Fernando Navarro
Stephen J. Mckenna Mathew Monfort Shah Nawaz
Roey Mechrez Aron Monszpart Lukas Neumann
Prakhar Mehrotra Sean Moran Ram Nevatia
Christopher Mei Vlad I. Morariu Alejandro Newell
Xue Mei Francesc Moreno-Noguer Shawn Newsam
Paulo R. S. Mendonca Pietro Morerio Joe Yue-Hei Ng
Lili Meng Stylianos Moschoglou Trung Thanh Ngo
Zibo Meng Yael Moses Duc Thanh Nguyen
Thomas Mensink Roozbeh Mottaghi Lam M. Nguyen
Bjoern Menze Pierre Moulon Phuc Xuan Nguyen
Michele Merler Arsalan Mousavian Thuong Nguyen Canh
Kourosh Meshgi Yadong Mu Mihalis Nicolaou
Pascal Mettes Yasuhiro Mukaigawa Andrei Liviu Nicolicioiu
Christopher Metzler Lopamudra Mukherjee Xuecheng Nie
Liang Mi Yusuke Mukuta Michael Niemeyer
Qiguang Miao Ravi Teja Mullapudi Simon Niklaus
Xin Miao Mario Enrique Munich Christophoros Nikou
Tomer Michaeli Zachary Murez David Nilsson
Frank Michel Ana C. Murillo Jifeng Ning
Antoine Miech J. Krishna Murthy Yuval Nirkin
Krystian Mikolajczyk Damien Muselet Li Niu
Peyman Milanfar Armin Mustafa Yuzhen Niu
Ben Mildenhall Siva Karthik Mustikovela Zhenxing Niu
Gregor Miller Carlo Dal Mutto Shohei Nobuhara
Fausto Milletari Moin Nabi Nicoletta Noceti
Dongbo Min Varun K. Nagaraja Hyeonwoo Noh
Kyle Min Tushar Nagarajan Junhyug Noh
Pedro Miraldo Arsha Nagrani Mehdi Noroozi
Dmytro Mishkin Seungjun Nah Sotiris Nousias
Anand Mishra Nikhil Naik Valsamis Ntouskos
Ashish Mishra Yoshikatsu Nakajima Matthew O’Toole
Ishan Misra Yuta Nakashima Peter Ochs
Niluthpol C. Mithun Atsushi Nakazawa Ferda Ofli
Kaushik Mitra Seonghyeon Nam Seong Joon Oh
Niloy Mitra Vinay P. Namboodiri Seoung Wug Oh
Anton Mitrokhin Medhini Narasimhan Iason Oikonomidis
Ikuhisa Mitsugami Srinivasa Narasimhan Utkarsh Ojha
Anurag Mittal Sanath Narayan Takahiro Okabe
Kaichun Mo Erickson Rangel Takayuki Okatani
Zhipeng Mo Nascimento Fumio Okura
Davide Modolo Jacinto Nascimento Aude Oliva
Michael Moeller Tayyab Naseer Kyle Olszewski
xxviii Organization
Björn Ommer Nikolaos Passalis Daniel Pizarro

Mohamed Omran Vishal Patel Tobias Plötz
Elisabeta Oneata Viorica Patraucean Mirco Planamente
Michael Opitz Badri Narayana Patro Matteo Poggi
Jose Oramas Danda Pani Paudel Moacir A. Ponti
Tribhuvanesh Orekondy Sujoy Paul Parita Pooj
Shaul Oron Georgios Pavlakos Fatih Porikli
Sergio Orts-Escolano Ioannis Pavlidis Horst Possegger
Ivan Oseledets Vladimir Pavlovic Omid Poursaeed
Aljosa Osep Nick Pears Ameya Prabhu
Magnus Oskarsson Kim Steenstrup Pedersen Viraj Uday Prabhu
Anton Osokin Selen Pehlivan Dilip Prasad
Martin R. Oswald Shmuel Peleg Brian L. Price
Wanli Ouyang Chao Peng True Price
Andrew Owens Houwen Peng Maria Priisalu
Mete Ozay Wen-Hsiao Peng Veronique Prinet
Mustafa Ozuysal Xi Peng Victor Adrian Prisacariu
Eduardo Pérez-Pellitero Xiaojiang Peng Jan Prokaj
Gautam Pai Xingchao Peng Sergey Prokudin
Dipan Kumar Pal Yuxin Peng Nicolas Pugeault
P. H. Pamplona Savarese Federico Perazzi Xavier Puig
Jinshan Pan Juan Camilo Perez Albert Pumarola
Junting Pan Vishwanath Peri Pulak Purkait
Xingang Pan Federico Pernici Senthil Purushwalkam
Yingwei Pan Luca Del Pero Charles R. Qi
Yannis Panagakis Florent Perronnin Hang Qi
Rameswar Panda Stavros Petridis Haozhi Qi
Guan Pang Henning Petzka Lu Qi
Jiahao Pang Patrick Peursum Mengshi Qi
Jiangmiao Pang Michael Pfeiffer Siyuan Qi
Tianyu Pang Hanspeter Pfister Xiaojuan Qi
Sharath Pankanti Roman Pflugfelder Yuankai Qi
Nicolas Papadakis Minh Tri Pham Shengju Qian
Dim Papadopoulos Yongri Piao Xuelin Qian
George Papandreou David Picard Siyuan Qiao
Toufiq Parag Tomasz Pieciak Yu Qiao
Shaifali Parashar A. J. Piergiovanni Jie Qin
Sarah Parisot Andrea Pilzer Qiang Qiu
Eunhyeok Park Pedro O. Pinheiro Weichao Qiu
Hyun Soo Park Silvia Laura Pintea Zhaofan Qiu
Jaesik Park Lerrel Pinto Kha Gia Quach
Min-Gyu Park Axel Pinz Yuhui Quan
Taesung Park Robinson Piramuthu Yvain Queau
Alvaro Parra Fiora Pirri Julian Quiroga
C. Alejandro Parraga Leonid Pishchulin Faisal Qureshi
Despoina Paschalidou Francesco Pittaluga Mahdi Rad
Organization xxix
Filip Radenovic Zhou Ren Chris Russell

Petia Radeva Vijay Rengarajan Dan Ruta
Venkatesh Md A. Reza Jongbin Ryu
B. Radhakrishnan Farzaneh Rezaeianaran Ömer Sümer
Ilija Radosavovic Hamed R. Tavakoli Alexandre Sablayrolles
Noha Radwan Nicholas Rhinehart Faraz Saeedan
Rahul Raguram Helge Rhodin Ryusuke Sagawa
Tanzila Rahman Elisa Ricci Christos Sagonas
Amit Raj Alexander Richard Tonmoy Saikia
Ajit Rajwade Eitan Richardson Hideo Saito
Kandan Ramakrishnan Elad Richardson Kuniaki Saito
Santhosh Christian Richardt Shunsuke Saito
K. Ramakrishnan Stephan Richter Shunta Saito
Srikumar Ramalingam Gernot Riegler Ken Sakurada
Ravi Ramamoorthi Daniel Ritchie Joaquin Salas
Vasili Ramanishka Tobias Ritschel Fatemeh Sadat Saleh
Ramprasaath R. Selvaraju Samuel Rivera Mahdi Saleh
Francois Rameau Yong Man Ro Pouya Samangouei
Visvanathan Ramesh Richard Roberts Leo Sampaio
Santu Rana Joseph Robinson Ferraz Ribeiro
Rene Ranftl Ignacio Rocco Artsiom Olegovich
Anand Rangarajan Mrigank Rochan Sanakoyeu
Anurag Ranjan Emanuele Rodolà Enrique Sanchez
Viresh Ranjan Mikel D. Rodriguez Patsorn Sangkloy
Yongming Rao Giorgio Roffo Anush Sankaran
Carolina Raposo Grégory Rogez Aswin Sankaranarayanan
Vivek Rathod Gemma Roig Swami Sankaranarayanan
Sathya N. Ravi Javier Romero Rodrigo Santa Cruz
Avinash Ravichandran Xuejian Rong Amartya Sanyal
Tammy Riklin Raviv Yu Rong Archana Sapkota
Daniel Rebain Amir Rosenfeld Nikolaos Sarafianos
Sylvestre-Alvise Rebuffi Bodo Rosenhahn Jun Sato
N. Dinesh Reddy Guy Rosman Shin’ichi Satoh
Timo Rehfeld Arun Ross Hosnieh Sattar
Paolo Remagnino Paolo Rota Arman Savran
Konstantinos Rematas Peter M. Roth Manolis Savva
Edoardo Remelli Anastasios Roussos Alexander Sax
Dongwei Ren Anirban Roy Hanno Scharr
Haibing Ren Sebastien Roy Simone Schaub-Meyer
Jian Ren Aruni RoyChowdhury Konrad Schindler
Jimmy Ren Artem Rozantsev Dmitrij Schlesinger
Mengye Ren Ognjen Rudovic Uwe Schmidt
Weihong Ren Daniel Rueckert Dirk Schnieders
Wenqi Ren Adria Ruiz Björn Schuller
Zhile Ren Javier Ruiz-del-solar Samuel Schulter
Zhongzheng Ren Christian Rupprecht Idan Schwartz
xxx Organization
William Robson Schwartz Hailin Shi Roger

Alex Schwing Miaojing Shi D. Soberanis-Mukul
Sinisa Segvic Yemin Shi Kihyuk Sohn
Lorenzo Seidenari Zhenmei Shi Francesco Solera
Pradeep Sen Zhiyuan Shi Eric Sommerlade
Ozan Sener Kevin Jonathan Shih Sanghyun Son
Soumyadip Sengupta Shiliang Shiliang Byung Cheol Song
Arda Senocak Hyunjung Shim Chunfeng Song
Mojtaba Seyedhosseini Atsushi Shimada Dongjin Song
Shishir Shah Nobutaka Shimada Jiaming Song
Shital Shah Daeyun Shin Jie Song
Sohil Atul Shah Young Min Shin Jifei Song
Tamar Rott Shaham Koichi Shinoda Jingkuan Song
Huasong Shan Konstantin Shmelkov Mingli Song
Qi Shan Michael Zheng Shou Shiyu Song
Shiguang Shan Abhinav Shrivastava Shuran Song
Jing Shao Tianmin Shu Xiao Song
Roman Shapovalov Zhixin Shu Yafei Song
Gaurav Sharma Hong-Han Shuai Yale Song
Vivek Sharma Pushkar Shukla Yang Song
Viktoriia Sharmanska Christian Siagian Yi-Zhe Song
Dongyu She Mennatullah M. Siam Yibing Song
Sumit Shekhar Kaleem Siddiqi Humberto Sossa
Evan Shelhamer Karan Sikka Cesar de Souza
Chengyao Shen Jae-Young Sim Adrian Spurr
Chunhua Shen Christian Simon Srinath Sridhar
Falong Shen Martin Simonovsky Suraj Srinivas
Jie Shen Dheeraj Singaraju Pratul P. Srinivasan
Li Shen Bharat Singh Anuj Srivastava
Liyue Shen Gurkirt Singh Tania Stathaki
Shuhan Shen Krishna Kumar Singh Christopher Stauffer
Tianwei Shen Maneesh Kumar Singh Simon Stent
Wei Shen Richa Singh Rainer Stiefelhagen
William B. Shen Saurabh Singh Pierre Stock
Yantao Shen Suriya Singh Julian Straub
Ying Shen Vikas Singh Jonathan C. Stroud
Yiru Shen Sudipta N. Sinha Joerg Stueckler
Yujun Shen Vincent Sitzmann Jan Stuehmer
Yuming Shen Josef Sivic David Stutz
Zhiqiang Shen Gregory Slabaugh Chi Su
Ziyi Shen Miroslava Slavcheva Hang Su
Lu Sheng Ron Slossberg Jong-Chyi Su
Yu Sheng Brandon Smith Shuochen Su
Rakshith Shetty Kevin Smith Yu-Chuan Su
Baoguang Shi Vladimir Smutny Ramanathan Subramanian
Guangming Shi Noah Snavely Yusuke Sugano
Organization xxxi
Masanori Suganuma Xiaoyang Tan Andrea Torsello

Yumin Suh Kenichiro Tanaka Fabio Tosi
Mohammed Suhail Masayuki Tanaka Du Tran
Yao Sui Chang Tang Luan Tran
Heung-Il Suk Chengzhou Tang Ngoc-Trung Tran
Josephine Sullivan Danhang Tang Quan Hung Tran
Baochen Sun Ming Tang Truyen Tran
Chen Sun Peng Tang Rudolph Triebel
Chong Sun Qingming Tang Martin Trimmel
Deqing Sun Wei Tang Shashank Tripathi
Jin Sun Xu Tang Subarna Tripathi
Liang Sun Yansong Tang Leonardo Trujillo
Lin Sun Youbao Tang Eduard Trulls
Qianru Sun Yuxing Tang Tomasz Trzcinski
Shao-Hua Sun Zhiqiang Tang Sam Tsai
Shuyang Sun Tatsunori Taniai Yi-Hsuan Tsai
Weiwei Sun Junli Tao Hung-Yu Tseng
Wenxiu Sun Xin Tao Stavros Tsogkas
Xiaoshuai Sun Makarand Tapaswi Aggeliki Tsoli
Xiaoxiao Sun Jean-Philippe Tarel Devis Tuia
Xingyuan Sun Lyne Tchapmi Shubham Tulsiani
Yifan Sun Zachary Teed Sergey Tulyakov
Zhun Sun Bugra Tekin Frederick Tung
Sabine Susstrunk Damien Teney Tony Tung
David Suter Ayush Tewari Daniyar Turmukhambetov
Supasorn Suwajanakorn Christian Theobalt Ambrish Tyagi
Tomas Svoboda Christopher Thomas Radim Tylecek
Eran Swears Diego Thomas Christos Tzelepis
Paul Swoboda Jim Thomas Georgios Tzimiropoulos
Attila Szabo Rajat Mani Thomas Dimitrios Tzionas
Richard Szeliski Xinmei Tian Seiichi Uchida
Duy-Nguyen Ta Yapeng Tian Norimichi Ukita
Andrea Tagliasacchi Yingli Tian Dmitry Ulyanov
Yuichi Taguchi Yonglong Tian Martin Urschler
Ying Tai Zhi Tian Yoshitaka Ushiku
Keita Takahashi Zhuotao Tian Ben Usman
Kouske Takahashi Kinh Tieu Alexander Vakhitov
Jun Takamatsu Joseph Tighe Julien P. C. Valentin
Hugues Talbot Massimo Tistarelli Jack Valmadre
Toru Tamaki Matthew Toews Ernest Valveny
Chaowei Tan Carl Toft Joost van de Weijer
Fuwen Tan Pavel Tokmakov Jan van Gemert
Mingkui Tan Federico Tombari Koen Van Leemput
Mingxing Tan Chetan Tonde Gul Varol
Qingyang Tan Yan Tong Sebastiano Vascon
Robby T. Tan Alessio Tonioni M. Alex O. Vasilescu
xxxii Organization
Subeesh Vasu Hongxing Wang Tao Wang

Mayank Vatsa Hua Wang Tianlu Wang
David Vazquez Jian Wang Tiantian Wang
Javier Vazquez-Corral Jingbo Wang Ting-chun Wang
Ashok Veeraraghavan Jinglu Wang Tingwu Wang
Erik Velasco-Salido Jingya Wang Wei Wang
Raviteja Vemulapalli Jinjun Wang Weiyue Wang
Jonathan Ventura Jinqiao Wang Wenguan Wang
Manisha Verma Jue Wang Wenlin Wang
Roberto Vezzani Ke Wang Wenqi Wang
Ruben Villegas Keze Wang Xiang Wang
Minh Vo Le Wang Xiaobo Wang
MinhDuc Vo Lei Wang Xiaofang Wang
Nam Vo Lezi Wang Xiaoling Wang
Michele Volpi Li Wang Xiaolong Wang
Riccardo Volpi Liang Wang Xiaosong Wang
Carl Vondrick Lijun Wang Xiaoyu Wang
Konstantinos Vougioukas Limin Wang Xin Eric Wang
Tuan-Hung Vu Linwei Wang Xinchao Wang
Sven Wachsmuth Lizhi Wang Xinggang Wang
Neal Wadhwa Mengjiao Wang Xintao Wang
Catherine Wah Mingzhe Wang Yali Wang
Jacob C. Walker Minsi Wang Yan Wang
Thomas S. A. Wallis Naiyan Wang Yang Wang
Chengde Wan Nannan Wang Yangang Wang
Jun Wan Ning Wang Yaxing Wang
Liang Wan Oliver Wang Yi Wang
Renjie Wan Pei Wang Yida Wang
Baoyuan Wang Peng Wang Yilin Wang
Boyu Wang Pichao Wang Yiming Wang
Cheng Wang Qi Wang Yisen Wang
Chu Wang Qian Wang Yongtao Wang
Chuan Wang Qiaosong Wang Yu-Xiong Wang
Chunyu Wang Qifei Wang Yue Wang
Dequan Wang Qilong Wang Yujiang Wang
Di Wang Qing Wang Yunbo Wang
Dilin Wang Qingzhong Wang Yunhe Wang
Dong Wang Quan Wang Zengmao Wang
Fang Wang Rui Wang Zhangyang Wang
Guanzhi Wang Ruiping Wang Zhaowen Wang
Guoyin Wang Ruixing Wang Zhe Wang
Hanzi Wang Shangfei Wang Zhecan Wang
Hao Wang Shenlong Wang Zheng Wang
He Wang Shiyao Wang Zhixiang Wang
Heng Wang Shuhui Wang Zilei Wang
Hongcheng Wang Song Wang Jianqiao Wangni
Organization xxxiii
Anne S. Wannenwetsch Jialin Wu Yang Xiao

Jan Dirk Wegner Jiaxiang Wu Cihang Xie
Scott Wehrwein Jiqing Wu Guosen Xie
Donglai Wei Jonathan Wu Jianwen Xie
Kaixuan Wei Lifang Wu Lingxi Xie
Longhui Wei Qi Wu Sirui Xie
Pengxu Wei Qiang Wu Weidi Xie
Ping Wei Ruizheng Wu Wenxuan Xie
Qi Wei Shangzhe Wu Xiaohua Xie
Shih-En Wei Shun-Cheng Wu Fuyong Xing
Xing Wei Tianfu Wu Jun Xing
Yunchao Wei Wayne Wu Junliang Xing
Zijun Wei Wenxuan Wu Bo Xiong
Jerod Weinman Xiao Wu Peixi Xiong
Michael Weinmann Xiaohe Wu Yu Xiong
Philippe Weinzaepfel Xinxiao Wu Yuanjun Xiong
Yair Weiss Yang Wu Zhiwei Xiong
Bihan Wen Yi Wu Chang Xu
Longyin Wen Yiming Wu Chenliang Xu
Wei Wen Ying Nian Wu Dan Xu
Junwu Weng Yue Wu Danfei Xu
Tsui-Wei Weng Zheng Wu Hang Xu
Xinshuo Weng Zhenyu Wu Hongteng Xu
Eric Wengrowski Zhirong Wu Huijuan Xu
Tomas Werner Zuxuan Wu Jingwei Xu
Gordon Wetzstein Stefanie Wuhrer Jun Xu
Tobias Weyand Jonas Wulff Kai Xu
Patrick Wieschollek Changqun Xia Mengmeng Xu
Maggie Wigness Fangting Xia Mingze Xu
Erik Wijmans Fei Xia Qianqian Xu
Richard Wildes Gui-Song Xia Ran Xu
Olivia Wiles Lu Xia Weijian Xu
Chris Williams Xide Xia Xiangyu Xu
Williem Williem Yin Xia Xiaogang Xu
Kyle Wilson Yingce Xia Xing Xu
Calden Wloka Yongqin Xian Xun Xu
Nicolai Wojke Lei Xiang Yanyu Xu
Christian Wolf Shiming Xiang Yichao Xu
Yongkang Wong Bin Xiao Yong Xu
Sanghyun Woo Fanyi Xiao Yongchao Xu
Scott Workman Guobao Xiao Yuanlu Xu
Baoyuan Wu Huaxin Xiao Zenglin Xu
Bichen Wu Taihong Xiao Zheng Xu
Chao-Yuan Wu Tete Xiao Chuhui Xue
Huikai Wu Tong Xiao Jia Xue
Jiajun Wu Wang Xiao Nan Xue
xxxiv Organization
Tianfan Xue Yanchao Yang Ke Yu

Xiangyang Xue Yee Hong Yang Lequan Yu
Abhay Yadav Yezhou Yang Ning Yu
Yasushi Yagi Zhenheng Yang Qian Yu
I. Zeki Yalniz Anbang Yao Ronald Yu
Kota Yamaguchi Angela Yao Ruichi Yu
Toshihiko Yamasaki Cong Yao Shoou-I Yu
Takayoshi Yamashita Jian Yao Tao Yu
Junchi Yan Li Yao Tianshu Yu
Ke Yan Ting Yao Xiang Yu
Qingan Yan Yao Yao Xin Yu
Sijie Yan Zhewei Yao Xiyu Yu
Xinchen Yan Chengxi Ye Youngjae Yu
Yan Yan Jianbo Ye Yu Yu
Yichao Yan Keren Ye Zhiding Yu
Zhicheng Yan Linwei Ye Chunfeng Yuan
Keiji Yanai Mang Ye Ganzhao Yuan
Bin Yang Mao Ye Jinwei Yuan
Ceyuan Yang Qi Ye Lu Yuan
Dawei Yang Qixiang Ye Quan Yuan
Dong Yang Mei-Chen Yeh Shanxin Yuan
Fan Yang Raymond Yeh Tongtong Yuan
Guandao Yang Yu-Ying Yeh Wenjia Yuan
Guorun Yang Sai-Kit Yeung Ye Yuan
Haichuan Yang Serena Yeung Yuan Yuan
Hao Yang Kwang Moo Yi Yuhui Yuan
Jianwei Yang Li Yi Huanjing Yue
Jiaolong Yang Renjiao Yi Xiangyu Yue
Jie Yang Alper Yilmaz Ersin Yumer
Jing Yang Junho Yim Sergey Zagoruyko
Kaiyu Yang Lijun Yin Egor Zakharov
Linjie Yang Weidong Yin Amir Zamir
Meng Yang Xi Yin Andrei Zanfir
Michael Ying Yang Zhichao Yin Mihai Zanfir
Nan Yang Tatsuya Yokota Pablo Zegers
Shuai Yang Ryo Yonetani Bernhard Zeisl
Shuo Yang Donggeun Yoo John S. Zelek
Tianyu Yang Jae Shin Yoon Niclas Zeller
Tien-Ju Yang Ju Hong Yoon Huayi Zeng
Tsun-Yi Yang Sung-eui Yoon Jiabei Zeng
Wei Yang Laurent Younes Wenjun Zeng
Wenhan Yang Changqian Yu Yu Zeng
Xiao Yang Fisher Yu Xiaohua Zhai
Xiaodong Yang Gang Yu Fangneng Zhan
Xin Yang Jiahui Yu Huangying Zhan
Yan Yang Kaicheng Yu Kun Zhan
Organization xxxv
Xiaohang Zhan Shuai Zhang Qijun Zhao

Baochang Zhang Songyang Zhang Rui Zhao
Bowen Zhang Tao Zhang Shenglin Zhao
Cecilia Zhang Ting Zhang Sicheng Zhao
Changqing Zhang Tong Zhang Tianyi Zhao
Chao Zhang Wayne Zhang Wenda Zhao
Chengquan Zhang Wei Zhang Xiangyun Zhao
Chi Zhang Weizhong Zhang Xin Zhao
Chongyang Zhang Wenwei Zhang Yang Zhao
Dingwen Zhang Xiangyu Zhang Yue Zhao
Dong Zhang Xiaolin Zhang Zhichen Zhao
Feihu Zhang Xiaopeng Zhang Zijing Zhao
Hang Zhang Xiaoqin Zhang Xiantong Zhen
Hanwang Zhang Xiuming Zhang Chuanxia Zheng
Hao Zhang Ya Zhang Feng Zheng
He Zhang Yang Zhang Haiyong Zheng
Hongguang Zhang Yimin Zhang Jia Zheng
Hua Zhang Yinda Zhang Kang Zheng
Ji Zhang Ying Zhang Shuai Kyle Zheng
Jianguo Zhang Yongfei Zhang Wei-Shi Zheng
Jianming Zhang Yu Zhang Yinqiang Zheng
Jiawei Zhang Yulun Zhang Zerong Zheng
Jie Zhang Yunhua Zhang Zhedong Zheng
Jing Zhang Yuting Zhang Zilong Zheng
Juyong Zhang Zhanpeng Zhang Bineng Zhong
Kai Zhang Zhao Zhang Fangwei Zhong
Kaipeng Zhang Zhaoxiang Zhang Guangyu Zhong
Ke Zhang Zhen Zhang Yiran Zhong
Le Zhang Zheng Zhang Yujie Zhong
Lei Zhang Zhifei Zhang Zhun Zhong
Li Zhang Zhijin Zhang Chunluan Zhou
Lihe Zhang Zhishuai Zhang Huiyu Zhou
Linguang Zhang Ziming Zhang Jiahuan Zhou
Lu Zhang Bo Zhao Jun Zhou
Mi Zhang Chen Zhao Lei Zhou
Mingda Zhang Fang Zhao Luowei Zhou
Peng Zhang Haiyu Zhao Luping Zhou
Pingping Zhang Han Zhao Mo Zhou
Qian Zhang Hang Zhao Ning Zhou
Qilin Zhang Hengshuang Zhao Pan Zhou
Quanshi Zhang Jian Zhao Peng Zhou
Richard Zhang Kai Zhao Qianyi Zhou
Rui Zhang Liang Zhao S. Kevin Zhou
Runze Zhang Long Zhao Sanping Zhou
Shengping Zhang Qian Zhao Wengang Zhou
Shifeng Zhang Qibin Zhao Xingyi Zhou
xxxvi Organization
Yanzhao Zhou Wei Zhu Christian Zimmermann

Yi Zhou Xiangyu Zhu Karel Zimmermann
Yin Zhou Xinge Zhu Larry Zitnick
Yipin Zhou Xizhou Zhu Mohammadreza
Yuyin Zhou Yanjun Zhu Zolfaghari
Zihan Zhou Yi Zhu Maria Zontak
Alex Zihao Zhu Yixin Zhu Daniel Zoran
Chenchen Zhu Yizhe Zhu Changqing Zou
Feng Zhu Yousong Zhu Chuhang Zou
Guangming Zhu Zhe Zhu Danping Zou
Ji Zhu Zhen Zhu Qi Zou
Jun-Yan Zhu Zheng Zhu Yang Zou
Lei Zhu Zhenyao Zhu Yuliang Zou
Linchao Zhu Zhihui Zhu Georgios Zoumpourlis
Rui Zhu Zhuotun Zhu Wangmeng Zuo
Shizhan Zhu Bingbing Zhuang Xinxin Zuo
Tyler Lixuan Zhu Wei Zhuo
Additional Reviewers
Victoria Fernandez Jonathan P. Crall Jaedong Hwang

Abrevaya Kenan Dai Andrey Ignatov
Maya Aghaei Lucas Deecke Muhammad
Allam Allam Karan Desai Abdullah Jamal
Christine Prithviraj Dhar Saumya Jetley
Allen-Blanchette Jing Dong Meiguang Jin
Nicolas Aziere Wei Dong Jeff Johnson
Assia Benbihi Turan Kaan Elgin Minsoo Kang
Neha Bhargava Francis Engelmann Saeed Khorram
Bharat Lal Bhatnagar Erik Englesson Mohammad Rami Koujan
Joanna Bitton Fartash Faghri Nilesh Kulkarni
Judy Borowski Zicong Fan Sudhakar Kumawat
Amine Bourki Yang Fu Abdelhak Lemkhenter
Romain Brégier Risheek Garrepalli Alexander Levine
Tali Brayer Yifan Ge Jiachen Li
Sebastian Bujwid Marco Godi Jing Li
Andrea Burns Helmut Grabner Jun Li
Yun-Hao Cao Shuxuan Guo Yi Li
Yuning Chai Jianfeng He Liang Liao
Xiaojun Chang Zhezhi He Ruochen Liao
Bo Chen Samitha Herath Tzu-Heng Lin
Shuo Chen Chih-Hui Ho Phillip Lippe
Zhixiang Chen Yicong Hong Bao-di Liu
Junsuk Choe Vincent Tao Hu Bo Liu
Hung-Kuo Chu Julio Hurtado Fangchen Liu
Organization xxxvii
Hanxiao Liu Ketul Shah Yunyang Xiong

Hongyu Liu Rajvi Shah An Xu
Huidong Liu Hengcan Shi Chi Xu
Miao Liu Xiangxi Shi Yinghao Xu
Xinxin Liu Yujiao Shi Fei Xue
Yongfei Liu William A. P. Smith Tingyun Yan
Yu-Lun Liu Guoxian Song Zike Yan
Amir Livne Robin Strudel Chao Yang
Tiange Luo Abby Stylianou Heran Yang
Wei Ma Xinwei Sun Ren Yang
Xiaoxuan Ma Reuben Tan Wenfei Yang
Ioannis Marras Qingyi Tao Xu Yang
Georg Martius Kedar S. Tatwawadi Rajeev Yasarla
Effrosyni Mavroudi Anh Tuan Tran Shaokai Ye
Tim Meinhardt Son Dinh Tran Yufei Ye
Givi Meishvili Eleni Triantafillou Kun Yi
Meng Meng Aristeidis Tsitiridis Haichao Yu
Zihang Meng Md Zasim Uddin Hanchao Yu
Zhongqi Miao Andrea Vedaldi Ruixuan Yu
Gyeongsik Moon Evangelos Ververas Liangzhe Yuan
Khoi Nguyen Vidit Vidit Chen-Lin Zhang
Yung-Kyun Noh Paul Voigtlaender Fandong Zhang
Antonio Norelli Bo Wan Tianyi Zhang
Jaeyoo Park Huanyu Wang Yang Zhang
Alexander Pashevich Huiyu Wang Yiyi Zhang
Mandela Patrick Junqiu Wang Yongshun Zhang
Mary Phuong Pengxiao Wang Yu Zhang
Bingqiao Qian Tai Wang Zhiwei Zhang
Yu Qiao Xinyao Wang Jiaojiao Zhao
Zhen Qiao Tomoki Watanabe Yipu Zhao
Sai Saketh Rambhatla Mark Weber Xingjian Zhen
Aniket Roy Xi Wei Haizhong Zheng
Amelie Royer Botong Wu Tiancheng Zhi
Parikshit Vishwas James Wu Chengju Zhou
Sakurikar Jiamin Wu Hao Zhou
Mark Sandler Rujie Wu Hao Zhu
Mert Bülent Sarıyıldız Yu Wu Alexander Zimin
Tanner Schmidt Rongchang Xie
Anshul B. Shah Wei Xiong
Contents – Part IV
Making an Invisibility Cloak: Real World Adversarial Attacks

on Object Detectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Zuxuan Wu, Ser-Nam Lim, Larry S. Davis, and Tom Goldstein
TuiGAN: Learning Versatile Image-to-Image Translation with Two

Unpaired Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Jianxin Lin, Yingxue Pang, Yingce Xia, Zhibo Chen, and Jiebo Luo
Semi-Siamese Training for Shallow Face Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36

Hang Du, Hailin Shi, Yuchi Liu, Jun Wang, Zhen Lei, Dan Zeng,
and Tao Mei
GAN Slimming: All-in-One GAN Compression by a Unified

Optimization Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Haotao Wang, Shupeng Gui, Haichuan Yang, Ji Liu,
and Zhangyang Wang
Human Interaction Learning on 3D Skeleton Point Clouds for Video

Violence Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Yukun Su, Guosheng Lin, Jinhui Zhu, and Qingyao Wu
Binarized Neural Network for Single Image Super Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . 91

Jingwei Xin, Nannan Wang, Xinrui Jiang, Jie Li, Heng Huang,
and Xinbo Gao
Axial-DeepLab: Stand-Alone Axial-Attention for Panoptic Segmentation . . . . 108

Huiyu Wang, Yukun Zhu, Bradley Green, Hartwig Adam, Alan Yuille,
and Liang-Chieh Chen
Adaptive Computationally Efficient Network for Monocular 3D Hand

Pose Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Zhipeng Fan, Jun Liu, and Yao Wang
Chained-Tracker: Chaining Paired Attentive Regression Results

for End-to-End Joint Multiple-Object Detection and Tracking . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Jinlong Peng, Changan Wang, Fangbin Wan, Yang Wu, Yabiao Wang,
Ying Tai, Chengjie Wang, Jilin Li, Feiyue Huang, and Yanwei Fu
Distribution-Balanced Loss for Multi-label Classification

in Long-Tailed Datasets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162
Tong Wu, Qingqiu Huang, Ziwei Liu, Yu Wang, and Dahua Lin
xl Contents – Part IV
Hamiltonian Dynamics for Real-World Shape Interpolation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179

Marvin Eisenberger and Daniel Cremers
Learning to Scale Multilingual Representations

for Vision-Language Tasks. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Andrea Burns, Donghyun Kim, Derry Wijaya, Kate Saenko,
and Bryan A. Plummer
Multi-modal Transformer for Video Retrieval . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214

Valentin Gabeur, Chen Sun, Karteek Alahari, and Cordelia Schmid
Feature Representation Matters: End-to-End Learning for Reference-Based

Image Super-Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Yanchun Xie, Jimin Xiao, Mingjie Sun, Chao Yao, and Kaizhu Huang
RobustFusion: Human Volumetric Capture with Data-Driven Visual Cues

Using a RGBD Camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 246
Zhuo Su, Lan Xu, Zerong Zheng, Tao Yu, Yebin Liu, and Lu Fang
Surface Normal Estimation of Tilted Images via Spatial Rectifier . . . . . . . . . 265

Tien Do, Khiem Vuong, Stergios I. Roumeliotis, and Hyun Soo Park
Multimodal Shape Completion via Conditional Generative

Adversarial Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281
Rundi Wu, Xuelin Chen, Yixin Zhuang, and Baoquan Chen
Generative Sparse Detection Networks for 3D Single-Shot

Object Detection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 297
JunYoung Gwak, Christopher Choy, and Silvio Savarese
Grounded Situation Recognition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314

Sarah Pratt, Mark Yatskar, Luca Weihs, Ali Farhadi,
and Aniruddha Kembhavi
Learning Modality Interaction for Temporal Sentence Localization

and Event Captioning in Videos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 333
Shaoxiang Chen, Wenhao Jiang, Wei Liu, and Yu-Gang Jiang
Unpaired Learning of Deep Image Denoising . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 352

Xiaohe Wu, Ming Liu, Yue Cao, Dongwei Ren, and Wangmeng Zuo
Self-supervising Fine-Grained Region Similarities for Large-Scale

Image Localization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Yixiao Ge, Haibo Wang, Feng Zhu, Rui Zhao, and Hongsheng Li
Contents – Part IV xli
Rotationally-Temporally Consistent Novel View Synthesis of Human

Performance Video . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 387
Youngjoong Kwon, Stefano Petrangeli, Dahun Kim, Haoliang Wang,
Eunbyung Park, Viswanathan Swaminathan, and Henry Fuchs
Side-Aware Boundary Localization for More Precise Object Detection. . . . . . 403

Jiaqi Wang, Wenwei Zhang, Yuhang Cao, Kai Chen, Jiangmiao Pang,
Tao Gong, Jianping Shi, Chen Change Loy, and Dahua Lin
SF-Net: Single-Frame Supervision for Temporal Action Localization . . . . . . . 420

Fan Ma, Linchao Zhu, Yi Yang, Shengxin Zha, Gourab Kundu,
Matt Feiszli, and Zheng Shou
Negative Margin Matters: Understanding Margin

in Few-Shot Classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 438
Bin Liu, Yue Cao, Yutong Lin, Qi Li, Zheng Zhang, Mingsheng Long,
and Han Hu
Particularity Beyond Commonality: Unpaired Identity Transfer

with Multiple References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 456
Ruizheng Wu, Xin Tao, Yingcong Chen, Xiaoyong Shen, and Jiaya Jia
Tracking Objects as Points . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 474

Xingyi Zhou, Vladlen Koltun, and Philipp Krähenbühl
CPGAN: Content-Parsing Generative Adversarial Networks

for Text-to-Image Synthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 491
Jiadong Liang, Wenjie Pei, and Feng Lu
Transporting Labels via Hierarchical Optimal Transport

for Semi-Supervised Learning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
Fariborz Taherkhani, Ali Dabouei, Sobhan Soleymani, Jeremy Dawson,
and Nasser M. Nasrabadi
MTI-Net: Multi-scale Task Interaction Networks for Multi-task Learning . . . . 527

Simon Vandenhende, Stamatios Georgoulis, and Luc Van Gool
Learning to Factorize and Relight a City . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 544

Andrew Liu, Shiry Ginosar, Tinghui Zhou, Alexei A. Efros,
and Noah Snavely
Region Graph Embedding Network for Zero-Shot Learning . . . . . . . . . . . . . 562

Guo-Sen Xie, Li Liu, Fan Zhu, Fang Zhao, Zheng Zhang, Yazhou Yao,
Jie Qin, and Ling Shao
GRAB: A Dataset of Whole-Body Human Grasping of Objects . . . . . . . . . . 581

Omid Taheri, Nima Ghorbani, Michael J. Black, and Dimitrios Tzionas
xlii Contents – Part IV
DEMEA: Deep Mesh Autoencoders for Non-rigidly Deforming Objects. . . . . 601

Edgar Tretschk, Ayush Tewari, Michael Zollhöfer, Vladislav Golyanik,
and Christian Theobalt
RANSAC-Flow: Generic Two-Stage Image Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 618

Xi Shen, François Darmon, Alexei A. Efros, and Mathieu Aubry
Semantic Object Prediction and Spatial Sound Super-Resolution

with Binaural Sounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 638
Arun Balajee Vasudevan, Dengxin Dai, and Luc Van Gool
Neural Object Learning for 6D Pose Estimation Using a Few

Cluttered Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 656
Kiru Park, Timothy Patten, and Markus Vincze
Dense Hybrid Recurrent Multi-view Stereo Net with Dynamic

Consistency Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 674
Jianfeng Yan, Zizhuang Wei, Hongwei Yi, Mingyu Ding, Runze Zhang,
Yisong Chen, Guoping Wang, and Yu-Wing Tai
Pixel-Pair Occlusion Relationship Map (P2ORM): Formulation, Inference

and Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690
Xuchong Qiu, Yang Xiao, Chaohui Wang, and Renaud Marlet
MovieNet: A Holistic Dataset for Movie Understanding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 709

Qingqiu Huang, Yu Xiong, Anyi Rao, Jiaze Wang, and Dahua Lin
Short-Term and Long-Term Context Aggregation Network

for Video Inpainting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 728
Ang Li, Shanshan Zhao, Xingjun Ma, Mingming Gong, Jianzhong Qi,
Rui Zhang, Dacheng Tao, and Ramamohanarao Kotagiri
DH3D: Deep Hierarchical 3D Descriptors for Robust Large-Scale

6DoF Relocalization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 744
Juan Du, Rui Wang, and Daniel Cremers
Face Super-Resolution Guided by 3D Facial Priors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 763

Xiaobin Hu, Wenqi Ren, John LaMaster, Xiaochun Cao, Xiaoming Li,
Zechao Li, Bjoern Menze, and Wei Liu
Label Propagation with Augmented Anchors: A Simple Semi-supervised

Learning Baseline for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 781
Yabin Zhang, Bin Deng, Kui Jia, and Lei Zhang
Contents – Part IV xliii
Are Labels Necessary for Neural Architecture Search?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 798

Chenxi Liu, Piotr Dollár, Kaiming He, Ross Girshick, Alan Yuille,
and Saining Xie
Author Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 815

Making an Invisibility Cloak: Real World
Adversarial Attacks on Object Detectors
Zuxuan Wu1,2(B) , Ser-Nam Lim2 , Larry S. Davis1 , and Tom Goldstein1,2

1
University of Maryland, College Park, USA
zxwu@cs.umd.edu
2
Facebook AI, New York, USA
Abstract. We present a systematic study of the transferability of adver-

sarial attacks on state-of-the-art object detection frameworks. Using
standard detection datasets, we train patterns that suppress the object-
ness scores produced by a range of commonly used detectors, and
ensembles of detectors. Through extensive experiments, we benchmark
the effectiveness of adversarially trained patches under both white-box
and black-box settings, and quantify transferability of attacks between
datasets, object classes, and detector models. Finally, we present a
detailed study of physical world attacks using printed posters and wear-
able clothes, and rigorously quantify the performance of such attacks
with different metrics.
1 Introduction
Adversarial examples are security vulnerabilities of machine learning systems in

which an attacker makes small or unnoticeable perturbations to system inputs
with the goal of manipulating system outputs. These attacks are most effec-
tive in the digital world, where attackers can directly manipulate image pixels.
However, many studies assume a white box threat model, in which the attacker
knows the dataset, architecture, and model parameters used by the victim. In
addition, most attacks have real security implications only when they cross into
the physical realm.
In a “physical” attack, the adversary modifies a real-world object, rather
than a digital image, so that it confuses systems that observe it. These objects
must maintain their adversarial effects when observed with different cameras,
resolutions, lighting conditions, distances, and angles.
While a range of physical attacks have been proposed in the literature,
these attacks are frequently confined to digital simulations, or are demonstrated
against simple classifiers rather than object detectors. However, in most realistic
situations the attacker has only black or grey box knowledge, and their attack
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this chapter (https://

doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58548-8 1) contains supplementary material, which is avail-
able to authorized users.
c Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020
A. Vedaldi et al. (Eds.): ECCV 2020, LNCS 12349, pp. 1–17, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58548-8_1
2 Z. Wu et al.
Fig. 1. In this demonstration, the YOLOv2 detector is evaded using a pattern trained
on the COCO dataset with a carefully constructed objective.
must transfer from the digital world into the physical world, from the attacker
model to the victim model, or from models trained on one dataset to another.
In this paper, we study the transferability of attacks on object detectors
across different architectures, classes, and datasets, with the ultimate goal of
generalizing digital attacks to the real-world. Our study has the following goals:
– We focus on industrial-strength detectors under both black-box and white-box

settings. Unlike classifiers, which output one feature vector per image, object
detectors output a map of vectors, one for each prior (i.e., candidate bounding
box), centered at each output pixel. Since any of these priors can detect an
object, attacks must simultaneously manipulate hundreds or thousands of
priors operating at different positions, scales, and aspect ratios.
– In the digital setting, we systematically quantify how well attacks on detectors
transfer between models, classes and datasets.
– We break down the incremental process of getting attacks out of a digital
simulation and into the real world. We explore how real-world nuisance vari-
ables cause major differences between the digital and physical performance of
attacks, and present experiments for quantifying and identifying the sources
of these differences.
– We quantify the success rate of attacks under various conditions, and mea-
sure how algorithm and model choices impact success rates. We rigorously
study how attacks degrade classifiers using standard metrics (average preci-
sion) that best describe the strength of detectors, and also more interpretable
success/failure metrics.
– We push physical attacks to their limits with wearable adversarial clothing
(See Fig. 1) and quantify the success rate of our attacks under complex fabric
distortions.
2 Related Work
Attacks on Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation. While there
is a plethora of work on attacking image classifiers [11,23,25], less work has been
Making an Invisibility Cloak 3
done on more complex vision tasks like object detection and semantic segmen-
tation. Metzen et al. demonstrate that nearly imperceptible adversarial pertur-
bations can fool segmentation models to produce incorrect outputs [24]. Arnab
et al. also show that segmentation models are vulnerable to attacks [1], and claim
that adversarial perturbations fail to transfer across network architectures. Xie
et al. introduce Dense Adversary Generation (DAG), a method that produces
incorrect predictions for pixels in segmentation models or proposals in object
detection frameworks [34]. Wei et al. further extend the attack from images to
videos [33]. In contrast to [33,34], which Attacks the classifier stage of object
detectors, Li et al. attack region proposal networks by decreasing the confidence
scores of positive proposals [19]. DPatch causes misclassification of detectors, by
placing a patch that does not overlap with the objects of interest [22]. Li et al.
add imperceptible patches to the background to fool object detectors [18]. Note
that all of these studies focus on digital (as opposed to physical) attacks with a
specific detector, without studying the transferability of attacks. In this paper,
we systematically evaluate a wide range of popular detectors in both the digital
and physical world, and benchmark how attacks transfer in different settings.
Physical Attacks in the Real World. Kurakin et al. took photos of adver-
sarial images with a camera and input them to a pretrained classifier [16]; they
demonstrate that a large fraction of images are misclassified. Eykholt et al. con-
sider physical attacks on stop sign classifiers using images cropped from video
frames [9]. They successfully fool classifiers using both norm bounded perturba-
tions, and also sparse perturbations using carefully placed stickers. Stop signs
attacks on object detectors are considered in [5,8]. Lu et al. showed that the
perturbed sign images from [9] can be reliably recognized by popular detectors
like Faster-RCNN [27] and Yolov2 [26], and showed that detectors are much
more robust to attacks than classifiers. Note that fooling stop sign detectors
differs from fooling person detectors because stop sign perturbations can cover
the whole object, whereas our person attacks leave the face, hands, and legs
uncovered.
Zeng et al. use rendering tools to perform attacks in 3D environments [37].
Sitawarin et al. [30] propose large out-of-distribution perturbations, producing
toxic signs to deceive autonomous vehicles. Athalye et al. introduce expectation
over transformations (EoT) to generate physically robust adversarial samples,
and they produce 3D physical adversarial objects that can attack classifiers in
different conditions. Sharif et al. explore adversarial eyeglass frames that fool
face classifiers [28]. Brown et al. placed adversarial patches [3] on raw images,
forcing classifiers to output incorrect predictions. Komkov et al. generate stick-
ers attached to hats to attack face classifiers [15]. Huang et al. craft attacks
by simulations to cause misclassification of detectors [14]. Thys et al. produce
printed adversarial patches [31] that deceive person detectors instantiated by
Yolov2 [26]. This proof-of-concept study was the first to consider physical attacks
on detectors, although it was restricted to the white-box setting. Furthermore
the authors did not quantify the performance, or address issues like robustness
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line the paragaster as fast as its original covering of choanocytes
retreats into the newly formed chambers.
Fig. 81.—S. setosum. Young Sponge, with one whorl of radial tubes. o, Osculum;
p, pore; sp1, monaxon; sp4, quadriradiate spicule. (After Maas.)
With a canal system precisely similar to that of Sycon, Ute (Fig. 83)
shows an advance in structure in the thickening of the dermal layers
over the distal ends of the chambers. The dermal thickenings above
neighbouring chambers extend laterally and meet; and there results
a sheet of dermal tissue perforated by dermal ostia, which open into
the inhalant canals, and strengthened by stout spicules running
longitudinally. This layer is termed a cortex; it covers the whole
sponge, compacting the radial tubes so that they form, together with
the cortex, a secondary wall to the sponge, which is once more a
simple sac, but with a complex wall. The cortex may be enormously
developed, so as to form more than half the thickness of the wall
(Fig. 84). The chambers taken together are spoken of as the
chamber layer.
Fig. 82.—Sycon raphanus. A, Longitudinal section of young decalcified Sponge
at a stage somewhat later than that shown in Fig. 81. B, Transverse section
of the same through a whorl of tubes. d, Dermal membrane; g, gastral
membrane; H, paragaster; sp4, tetraradiate spicule; T, radial tube. (After
Maas.)
Fig. 83.—Transverse section of the body-wall of Ute, passing longitudinally
through two chambers. a.p, Apopyle; d.o, dermal ostium; fl.ch, flagellated
chamber or radial tube; i.c, inhalant canal; p, prosopyle. (After Dendy.)
We have already alluded to the resemblance between a young

Ascon person and a radial tube of Sycon—a comparison which calls
to mind the somewhat strange view of certain earlier authors, that
the flagellated chambers are really the sponge individuals. If now we
suppose each Ascon-like radial tube of Sycon to undergo that same
process of growth by which the Sycon itself was derived from the
Ascon, we shall then have a sponge with a canal system of the type
seen in Leucandra among British forms, but more diagrammatically
shown in the foreign genus Leucilla (Fig. 85). The foregoing remarks
do not pretend to give an account of the transition from Sycon to
Leucilla as it occurred in phylogeny. For some indication of this we
must await embryological research.
In Leucandra the fundamental structure is obscured by the

irregularity of its canal system. It shows a further and most important
difference from Leucilla in the smaller size and rounded form of its
chambers. This change of form marks an advance in efficiency; for
now the flagella converge to a centre, so that they all act on the
same drop of water, while in the tubular chamber their action is more
widely distributed and proportionately less intense (see p. 236).
Fig. 84.—Transverse section through the body-wall of Grantiopsis. d.o, Dermal
ostium; fl.ch, flagellated chamber; i.c, long incurrent canal traversing the
thick cortex to reach the chamber layer; p, apopyle. (After Dendy.)
Fig. 85.—Transverse section through the body-wall of Leucilla. d.o, Dermal

ostium; ex.c, exhalant canal; fl.ch, chamber; i.c, inhalant canal. (After
Dendy.)
Above are described three main types of canal system—that of

Homocoela, of Sycon, and of Leucandra and Leucilla. These are
conveniently termed the first, second, and third types respectively,
and may be briefly described as related to one another somewhat in
the same way as a scape, umbel, and compound umbel among
inflorescences. These types formed the basis of Haeckel's famous
classification.[221] It has, however, been concluded[222] that the
skeleton is a safer guide in taxonomy, at any rate for the smaller
subdivisions; and in modern classifications genera with canal
systems of the third type will be found distributed among various
families; while in the Grantiidae, Ute and Leucandra stand side by
side. This treatment implies a belief that the third type of canal
system has been independently and repeatedly evolved within the
Calcarea—an example of a phenomenon, homoplasy, strikingly
displayed throughout the group. It is, remarkably enough, the case
that all the canal systems found in the remainder of the Porifera are
more or less modified forms of one or other of the second two types
of canal system above described.
The families Grantiidae, Heteropidae, and Amphoriscidae, all

possessing a dermal cortex, are distinguished as follows:—The
Grantiidae by the absence of subdermal sagittal triradiate spicules
and of conspicuous subgastral quadriradiates; the Heteropidae by
the presence of sagittal triradiates; the Amphoriscidae by the
presence of conspicuous subgastral quadriradiates.
Two families of Calcarea, possibly allied, remain for special mention

—the Pharetronidae, a family rich in genera, and containing almost
all the fossil forms of the group, and the Astroscleridae.
The Pharetronidae are with one, or perhaps two exceptions, fossil

forms, having in common the arrangement of the spicules of their
main skeletal framework in fibres. The family is divided into two sub-
families:—
I. Dialytinae.—The spicules are not fused to one another; the exact

mode of their union into fibres is unknown, but an organic cement
may be present.
Lelapia australis, a recent species, should probably be placed here

as the sole living representative. Dendy has shown[223] that this
remarkable species has a skeleton of the same fibrous character as
is found in typical Dialytinae, and that the triradiate spicules in the
fibres undergo a modification into the "tuning-fork" type (Fig. 86, C),
to enable them to be compacted into smooth fibres. "Tuning-forks,"
though not exclusively confined to Pharetronids, are yet very
characteristic of them.
Fig. 86.—Portions of the skeleton of Petrostroma schulzei. A, Framework with
ensheathing pellicle; B, quadriradiate spicules with laterally fused rays; C, a
"tuning-fork." (After Doederlein.)
II. Lithoninae.—The main skeletal framework is formed of spicules

fused together, and is covered by a cortex containing free spicules.
Fig. 87.—A spicule from the skeleton framework of Plectroninia, showing the
terminally expanded rays. (After Hinde.)
The sub-family contains only one living genus and a few recently
described fossil forms. Petrostroma schulzei[224] lives in shallow
water near Japan; Plectroninia halli[225] and Bactronella were found
in Eocene beds of Victoria; Porosphaera[226] long known from the
Chalk of England and of the Continent, has recently been shown by
Hinde[226] to be nearly allied to Plectroninia; finally, Plectinia[227] is a
genus erected by Počta for a sponge from Cenomanian beds of
Bohemia. Doederlein, in 1896, expressed his opinion that fossil
representatives of Lithoninae would most surely be discovered. The
fused spicules are equiangular quadriradiates; they are united in
Petrostroma by lateral fusion of the rays, in Plectroninia (Fig. 87) and
Porosphaera by fusion of apposed terminal flat expansions of the
rays, and in some, possibly all, genera a continuous deposit of
calcium carbonate ensheaths the spicular reticulum. Thus they recall
the formation of the skeleton on the one hand of the Lithistida and on
the other of the Dictyonine Hexactinellida (see pp. 202, 211).
"Tuning-forks" may occur in the dermal membrane.
Fig. 88.—Astrosclera willeyana, Lister. A, the Sponge, × about 3. p, The ostia on

its distal surface. B, a portion of the skeleton showing four polyhedra with
radiating crystalline fibres. C, an ostium; the surrounding tissue contains
young stages of polyhedra. (After Lister.)
The Astroscleridae, as known at present, contain a single genus

and species, apparently the most isolated in the phylum. Astrosclera
willeyana[228] was brought back from the Loyalty Islands, and from
Funafuti of the Ellice group. Its skeleton is both chemically and
structurally aberrant. In other Calcarea the calcium carbonate of the
skeleton is present as calcite, in Astrosclera as aragonite, and the
elements are solid polyhedra, united by their surfaces to the total
exclusion of soft parts (Fig. 88). Each element consists of crystalline
fibres radially disposed around a few central granules, and
terminating peripherally in contact with the fibres of adjacent
elements. Young polyhedra are to be found free in the soft parts at
the surface. The chambers are exceptionally minute, especially for a
calcareous sponge, comparing with those of other sponges as
follows:—
Astrosclera chambers, 10µ × 8µ to 18µ × 11µ.

Smallest chambers in Silicea, 15µ × 18µ to 24µ × 31µ.
Smallest chambers in Calcarea, 60µ × 40µ.
In its outward form Astrosclera resembles certain Pharetronids. The
minute dimensions of the ciliated chambers relegate Astrosclera to
the Micromastictora, and the fortunate fact that the calcium
carbonate of its skeleton possesses the mineral characters not of
calcite, but of aragonite, renders it less difficult to conceive that its
relations may be rather with the non-calcareous than the calcareous
sponges.
BRANCH II. MICROMASTICTORA

All sponges which do not possess calcareous skeletons are
characterised by choanocytes, which, when compared with those of
Calcarea, are conspicuous for their smaller size. The great majority
(Silicispongiae) of the non-calcareous sponges either secrete
siliceous skeletons or are connected with siliceous sponges by a
nicely graded series of forms. The small remainder are entirely
askeletal. All these non-calcareous sponges are included, under the
title Micromastictora, in a natural group, opposed to the
Megamastictora as of equal value.
The subdivision of the Micromastictora is a matter of some difficulty.

The Hexactinellida alone are a well circumscribed group. After their
separation there remains, besides the askeletal genera, an
assemblage of forms, the Demospongiae, which fall into two main
tribes. These betray their relationship by series of intermediate
types, but a clue is wanting which shall determine decisively the
direction in which the series are to be read. The askeletal genera are
the crux of the systematist. It is perhaps safest, while recognising
that many of them bear a likeness of one kind or another to various
Micromastictora, to retain them together in a temporary class, the
Myxospongiae.
CLASS I. MYXOSPONGIAE
The class Myxospongiae is a purely artificial one, containing widely
divergent forms, which possess a common negative character,
namely, the absence of a skeleton. As a result of this absence they
are all encrusting in habit.
One genus, Hexadella, has been regarded by its discoverer

Topsent[229] as an Hexactinellid. The same authority places
Oscarella with the Tetractinellida; it is more difficult to suggest the
direction in which we are to seek the relations of the remaining type,
Halisarca.
Hexadella, from the coast of France, is a remarkable little rose-

coloured or bright yellow sponge, with large sac-like flagellated
chambers and a very lacunar ectosome.
Oscarella is a brightly coloured sponge, with a characteristic velvety

surface; it is a British genus, but by no means confined to our
shores. Its canal system has been described by some authors as
diplodal, by others as eurypylous. Topsent[230] has shown, and we
can confirm his statement, that though the chambers have usually
the narrow afferent and efferent ductules of a diplodal system, yet
since each one may communicate with two or three canals, the canal
system cannot be described as diplodal. The hypophare attains a
great development, and in it the generative products mature. The
pinacocytes, like those of Plakinidae, and perhaps of Aplysilla, are
flagellated.
Halisarca, also British, is easily distinguished from Oscarella by the

presence of a mucus-like secretion which oozes from it, and by the
absence of the bright coloration characteristic of Oscarella. It
naturally suggests itself that the coloration in the one case and the
secretion in the other are protective, and in this respect perform one
of the functions of the skeleton of other sponges. The chambers are
long, tubular, and branched. There is no hypophare.
CLASS II. HEXACTINELLIDA[231]
Silicispongiae, defined by their spicules, of which the rays lie along
three rectangular axes. The canal system is simple, with thimble-
shaped chambers. The body-wall is divided into endosome,
ectosome, and choanosome.
Some authors would elevate the Hexactinellida to the position of a

third main sub-group of Porifera, thus separating them from other
siliceous sponges. In considering this view it is important to realise at
the outset that they are deep-water forms. They bear evident traces
of the influence of their habitat, and like others of the colonists of the
deep sea, are impressed with marked archaic features. Yet they are
still bound to other Micromastictora, first by the small size of their
choanocytes, and secondly by the presence of siliceous spicules.
This second character is really a double link, for it involves not
merely the presence of silica in the skeleton, but also the presence
in each spicule of a well-marked axial filament. Now this axial
filament is a structure which is gaining in importance, for purposes of
classification, in proportion as its absence in Calcarea is becoming
more probable. The Hexactinellida are the only sponges, other than
the bath sponge, which are at all generally known. They have won
recognition by their beauty, as the bath sponge by its utility, and, like
it, one of their number—the Venus's Flower-Basket—forms an
important article of commerce, the chief fishery being in the
Philippine Islands. This wonderful beauty belongs to the skeleton,
and is greatly concealed when the soft parts are present.
We have said that the Hexactinellids are deep-sea forms; they are
either directly fixed to the bottom or more often moored in the ooze
by long tufts of rooting spicules. In the "glass-rope sponge," the
rooting tuft of long spicules, looking like a bundle of spun glass, is
valued by the Japanese, who export it to us. In Monorhaphis the
rooting tuft is replaced by a single giant spicule,[232] three metres in
length, and described as "of the thickness of a little finger"! Probably
it is as a result of their fixed life in the calm waters of the deep
sea[233] that Hexactinellids contrast with most other sponges by their
symmetry. It should not, however, be forgotten that many of the
Calcarea which inhabit shallow water exhibit almost as perfect a
symmetry.
Fig. 89.—Longitudinal section of a young specimen of Lanuginella pupa O.S.,

with commencing formation of the oscular area. × 35. d.m, Dermal
membrane; g.m, gastral membrane; pg, paragaster; sd.tr, subdermal
trabeculae; Sg.tr, subgastral trabeculae. (After F. E. Schulze.)
The structure of the body-wall in Hexactinellida is so constant as to

make it possible to give a general description applicable to all
members of the group. It is of considerable thickness, but a large
part is occupied by empty spaces, for the actual tissue is present in
minimum quantity. In the wall the chamber-layer is suspended by
trabeculae of soft tissue, between a dermal membrane on the
outside and a similar gastral membrane on the inner side (Fig. 89).
Thus the water entering the chambers through their numerous pores
has first passed through the ostia in the dermal membrane and
traversed the subdermal trabecular space; on leaving the chambers
it flows through the subgastral trabecular space and the ostia in the
gastral membrane, to enter the paragaster and leave the body at the
osculum. The trabeculae and the dermal and gastral membranes
together constitute the dermal layer. This conclusion is based on
comparison with adults of the other groups, for in the absence of
embryological knowledge no direct evidence is available. According
to the Japanese investigator, Isao Ijima,[234] the dermal and gastral
membranes are but expansions of the trabeculae, and the
trabeculae themselves are entirely cellular, containing none of the
gelatinous basis met with in the dermal layer of all other sponges.
There is no surface layer of pinacocytes, the cells forming the
trabeculae being all of one type, namely, irregularly branching cells,
connected with one another by their branches to form a syncytium.
In the trabeculae are found scleroblasts and archaeocytes.
The chambers have a characteristic shape: they are variously

described as "thimble-shaped," "tubular," or "Syconate," and they
open by wide mouths into the subgastral trabecular space. Their
walls have been named the membrana reticularis from the fact that,
when preserved with only ordinary precautions, they are seen as a
regular network of protoplasmic strands, with square meshes and
nuclei at the nodes. This appearance recently found an explanation
when Schulze, for the first time, succeeded in preserving the collared
cells of Hexactinellids.[235] Schulze was then able to show that the
choanocytes are not in contact with one another at their bases,
where the nuclei are situated, but communicate with one another by
stout protoplasmic strands. The form of the choanocyte can be seen
in Fig. 91.
Fig. 90.—Portion of the body-wall of Walteria sp., showing the thimble-shaped

flagellated chambers, above which is seen the dermal membrane. (After F.
E. Schulze.)
To Schulze's description of the chamber, Ijima has added the
important contributions that every mesh in the reticulum functions as
a chamber pore or prosopyle; and that porocytes, such as are found
in Calcarea, are wanting. This structure of the chamber-walls, the
absence of gelatinous basis in the dermal layer, and the slight
degree of histological differentiation in the same layer, added to the
more obvious character of thimble-shaped chambers, are the chief
archaic features of Hexactinellid morphology.
Fig. 91.—Portion of a section of the membrana reticularis or chamber-wall of

Schaudinnia arctica, × 1500. (After F. E. Schulze.)
The skeleton which supports the soft parts is, like them, simple and
constant in its main features. It is secreted by scleroblasts, which lie
in the trabeculae, and is made up of only one kind of spicule and its
modifications. This is the hexactine, a spicule which possesses six
rays disposed along three rectangular axes. Each ray contains an
axial thread, which meets its fellow at the centre of the spicule,
where they together form the axial cross. Modifications of the
hexactine arise either by reduction or branching, by spinulation or
expansion of one or more of the rays. The forms of spicule arising by
reduction are termed pentactines, tetractines, and so on, according
to the number of the remaining rays. Those rays which are
suppressed leave the proximal portion of their axial thread as a
remnant marking their former position (Fig. 94). Octactine spicules
seem to form an exception to the above statements, but Schulze has
shown that they too are but modifications of the hexactine arising by
(1) branching of the rays of a hexactine, followed by (2)
recombination of the secondary rays (Fig. 92).
Fig. 92.—A, discohexaster, in which the four cladi a, a', b, b', c of each ray start
directly from a central nodule. B, disco-octaster, resulting from the
redistribution of the twenty-four cladi of A into eight groups of three. (After
Schulze, from Delage.)
The various spicules are named, irrespective of their form, according

to their position and corresponding function. The arrangement of the
spicules is best realised by means of a diagram (Fig. 93).
Fig. 93.—Scheme to show the arrangement of spicules in the Hexactinellid

skeleton. Canalaria, microscleres in the walls of the excurrent canals;
Dermalia Autoderm[alia], microscleres in the dermal membrane; D.
Hypoderm[alia], more deeply situated dermalia; Dictyonalia, parenchymalia
which become fused to form the skeletal framework of Dictyonina; Gastralia
Autogastr[alia], microscleres in the gastral membrane; Gastralia
Hypogastr[alia], more deeply situated gastralia; Parenchymalia Principalia,
main supporting spicules between the chambers; P. Comitalia, slender
diactine or triactine spicules accompanying the last; P. Intermedia,
microscleres between the P. principalia; Prostalia, projecting spicules; P.
basalia, rooting spicules, from the base; P. marginalia, defensive spicules,
round the oscular rim; P. pleuralia, defensive spicules, from the sides. (From
Delage and Hérouard, after F. E. Schulze.)
The deviations from this ground-plan of Hexactinellid structure are
few and simple. They are due to folding of the chamber-layer, or to
variations in the shape of the chambers, and to increasing fusion of
the spicules to form rigid skeletons. A simple condition of the
chamber-layer, like that of the young sponge of Fig. 89, occurs also
in some adult Hexactinellids, e.g. in Walteria of the Pacific Ocean
(Fig. 90). Thus is represented in this order the second type of canal
system described among Calcarea. More frequently, however,
instead of forming a smooth sheet, the chamber-layer grows out into
a number of tubular diverticula, the cavities of which are excurrent
canals; these determine a corresponding number of incurrent canals
which lie between them. In this way there arises a canal system
resembling the third type of Calcarea. By still further pouching so as
to give secondary diverticula, opening into the first, a complicated
canal system is formed, as, for example, in Euplectella suberea.
To return to the skeleton, the most complete fusion is attained by the

deposit of a continuous sheath of silica round the apposed parallel
rays of neighbouring spicules. This may be termed the dictyonine
type of union, for it occurs in all those forms originally included under
the term Dictyonina, in which the cement is deposited pari passu
with the formation of the spicules. In other cases connecting bridges
of silica unite the spicules, or there may be a connecting reticulum of
siliceous threads, or, again, rays crossing obliquely may be soldered
together at the point of contact. These more irregular methods occur
in species where the spicules are free at their first formation.
Spicules originally free may later be united in a true Dictyonine
fashion. The terms Lyssacina and Dictyonina are useful to denote
respectively: the former all those Hexactinellida in which the spicules
are free at their first formation, and the latter those in which the
deposit of the cementing layer goes hand in hand with the formation
of the spicules. But the terms do not indicate separateness of origin
of the groups denoted by them, for there is evidence that Dictyonine
types have been derived repeatedly from Lyssacine types, and that
in fact every Dictyonine was once a Lyssacine.
Fig. 94.—Amphidisc, at a are traces of the four missing rays.
The real or natural cleft in the class lies between those genera
possessing amphidiscs (Figs. 94, 97) among their microscleres, and
all the remainder of the Hexactinellida which bear hexasters (Fig.
96). The former set of genera constitute the sub-class
Amphidiscophora, the latter the Hexasterophora.
Fig. 95.—Portion of body-wall of Hyalonema, in section, showing the irregular

chambers.
Sub-Class 1. Amphidiscophora.—Amphidiscs are present,

hexasters absent. A tuft of rooting spicules or basalia is always
present. The ciliated chambers deviate more or less from the typical
thimble shape, and the membrana reticularis is continuous from
chamber to chamber (Figs. 94, 95, 97).
Fig. 96.—Hexasters. A, Graphiohexaster; B, floricome; C, onychaster.
Sub-Class 2. Hexasterophora.—Hexasters are present,

amphidiscs absent. The chambers have the typical regular form, and
are sharply marked off from one another (Figs. 90, 96).
All the Amphidiscophora have Lyssacine skeletons; in the

Hexasterophora both types of skeleton occur. The subdivision of the
Hexasterophora is determined by the presence or absence of
uncinate spicules. An "uncinatum" is a diactine spicule, pointed at
both ends and bearing barbs all directed towards one end. This
method of classification gives us a wholly Dictyonine order,
Uncinataria, and an order consisting partly of Dictyonine, partly of
Lyssacine genera, which may be distinguished as the
Anuncinataria. Ova have rarely been found, and sexually produced
larvae never; but Ijima has found archaeocyte clusters in abundance,
and his evidence is in favour of the view that they give rise asexually
to larvae, described by him in this class for the first time (see p. 231).
Both sub-classes are represented in British waters: the

Amphidiscophora by Hyalonema thomsoni and Pheronema
carpenteri; the Hexasterophora by Euplectella suberea and
Asconema setubalense, and of course possibly by others.
Hyalonema thomsoni, one of the glass-rope sponges, was dredged

by the Porcupine off the Shetland Islands in water of about 550
fathoms. The spindle-shaped body of the sponge is shown in Fig. 97.
Its long rooting tuft is continued right up its axis, to end in a conical
projection, which is surrounded by four apertures leading into
corresponding compartments of the paragaster.
Fig. 97.—Hyalonema thomsoni. A, Whole specimen with rooting tuft and

Epizoanthus crust; B, pinulus, a spicule characteristic of but not peculiar to
the Amphidiscophora, occurring in the dermal and gastral membranes; C,
amphidisc with axial cross; D, distal end of rooting spicule with grapnel.
(After F. E. Schulze.)
The crust of Anthozoa of the genus Epizoanthus (p. 406) on the

rooting tuft is a constant feature in this as in other species of
Hyalonema. It contributed to make the sponge a puzzle, which long
defied interpretation. The earliest diagnosis the genus received was
the "Glass Plant." Then the root tuft was thought to be part of the
Epizoanthus, which was termed a "most aberrant Alcyonarian with its
base inserted in a sponge"; next we hear of the sponge as parasitic
on the Sea Anemone. Finally, the root tuft was shown to be proper to
the sponge, which was, however, figured upside down, till some
Japanese collectors described the natural position, or that in which
they were accustomed to find it.
Pheronema carpenteri was found by the Lightning off the north of

Scotland in 530 fathoms. The goblet shaped, thick walled body and
broad, ill-defined root tuft are shown in Fig. 98, but no figure can do
justice to the lustre of its luxuriant prostalia and delicate dermal
network with stellate knots at regular intervals. The basalia are two-
pronged and anchor-like.
Fig. 98.—Pheronema carpenteri. × ½. (From Wyville Thomson.)
Both the Hexasterophoran genera were dredged off the north of

Scotland, and both conform to the Lyssacine type without uncinates.
Euplectella suberea is a straight, erect tube, anchored by a tuft of
basalia. The upper end of the tube is closed by a sieve plate, the
perforations in which are oscula, while the beams contain flagellated
chambers, so that the sieve is simply a modified portion of the wall. It
is a peculiarity of this as of one or two other allied genera that the
lateral walls are perforated by oscula. They are termed parietal gaps,
and are regularly arranged along spiral lines encircling the body.
Fig. 99.—Sieve plate of Euplectella imperialis. (After Ijima.)
Ijima, who has dredged Euplectellids from the waters near Tokyo,
finds that in young specimens oscula are confined to the sieve plate;
parietal gaps are secondary formations. The groundwork of the
skeleton is a lattice similar to that shown in Fig. 100. The chamber-
layer is much folded. Various foreign species of Euplectella afford
interesting examples of association with a Decapod Crustacean,
Spongicola venusta, of which a pair lives in the paragaster of each
specimen. The Crustacean is light pink, the female distinguished by
a green ovary, which can be seen through the transparent tissues. It
is not altogether clear what the prisoner gains, nor what fee, if any,
the host exacts.
Ijima relates that the skeleton of Euplectella is in great demand in

Japan for marriage ceremonies. He also informs us that the
Japanese name means "Together unto old age and unto the same
grave," while by a slight alteration it becomes "Lobsters in the same
cell," and remarks that the Japanese find this an amusing pun.
Fig. 100.—Skeletal lattice of Euplectella imperialis. (After Ijima.)

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Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th

European Conference Glasgow UK

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 16th European Conference

Computer Vision ECCV 2020 Workshops Glasgow UK August

Editorial Board Members

Thomas Brox Jan-Michael Frahm (Eds.)

ISSN 0302-9743 ISSN 1611-3349 (electronic)

© Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2020

August 2020 Vittorio Ferrari

Welcome to the proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV

August 2020 Andrea Vedaldi

Industrial Liaison Chairs

Local Arrangement Chairs

Academic Demonstration Chair

Yung-Yu Chuang National Taiwan University, Taiwan

Timothy Hospedales University of Edinburgh and Samsung, UK

Haibin Ling Stony Brooks, State University of New York, USA

Mathieu Salzmann EPFL, Switzerland

Kwang Moo Yi University of Victoria, Canada

Technical Program Committee

Sathyanarayanan Samuel Albanie Pablo Arbelaez

Mahsa Baktashmotlagh Florian Bernard Pradeep Buddharaju

Kwok-Ping Chan Weifeng Chen Nam Ik Cho

Rozenn Dahyot Mingyu Ding Jan Ernst

Matthew Fisher Jin Gao Dong Gong

JunYoung Gwak Zhihai He Ronghang Hu

Sung Ju Hwang Lai Jiang Christopher Kanan

Hansung Kim Adam Kortylewski Xiangyuan lan

Gil Levi Sheng Li Renjie Liao

Sheng Liu Yang Long K. T. Ma

Helmut Mayer Pritish Mohapatra Lakshmanan Nataraj

Björn Ommer Nikolaos Passalis Daniel Pizarro

Filip Radenovic Zhou Ren Chris Russell

William Robson Schwartz Hailin Shi Roger

Masanori Suganuma Xiaoyang Tan Andrea Torsello

Subeesh Vasu Hongxing Wang Tao Wang

Anne S. Wannenwetsch Jialin Wu Yang Xiao

Tianfan Xue Yanchao Yang Ke Yu

Xiaohang Zhan Shuai Zhang Qijun Zhao

Yanzhao Zhou Wei Zhu Christian Zimmermann

Victoria Fernandez Jonathan P. Crall Jaedong Hwang

Hanxiao Liu Ketul Shah Yunyang Xiong

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