MODULE 3: PHONETIC FEATURES OF A LANGUAGE

SEGMENTAL PHONEMES:

 Vowel Phonemes - The sounds produced may depend on the position of the tongue or
how the tongue is raised. Example /a/,/e/,/u/.
 CONSONANT PHONEMES : Some constant phonemes are completely blocked they are
stops(e.g/.p/,/b).other are partially blocked called laterals (e.g./I/).
 DIPHTONGS- are sounds considered as one of distinctive vowel of a speech sound but
involve two vowel with one gliding to the other phenomena. Example of this are /ai/
,/ou/.

Accent: Accents refers to the emphasis given to a syllable in a word by means of

loudness, vowel length, pitch, or of combination of these.
In Hiligaynon the grammatical particles have one primary accented syllable.
(they/theirs ) ila(wild)
amu(master) amu(that is it)
Morphophonemis - Or morphonology studies the interaction between morphological and
phonological or phonetic process.
There are several types of morphophonemics changes. Some of these are:

 Stress shift
 Vowel loss
 Metathesis
 Assimilation of one sound to another
 Consonant change

1. Stress shift-The first kind of morphophonemic change is stress. A shift in

the stress can effect meaning. There may be words that may shift is stress
from is original place when there is an affixation.
Examples:
 Stress shift to the right
 Stress shift to the left
2. Vowel loss-This is when the stressed vowel is lost when creatin roots have
a suffix and stress is shifted to the right.
Examples:
Dala(bring) dala+on dal-on(to bring something
Guba(destroy) guba+on gub-on(to destroy something)

3. METATHESIS – Is the transposition of sounds or letters in aword .It is the re-

arranging of sounds or syllables in a word, or of words in a sentence.
Examples:
Inom (drink) inom+on inom(to drink something)
Tanom(plant) tanom+on tamnan(to plant on something)
4. Assimilation of the nasal sound to the consonant that follows : When the
velar nasal ng or enunciated as /n/ is in the final position,it is somehow
changed to the point of articulation as the following initial position of the
stem.
Examples : e.g
--ng/n/+b--=---mb
--ng/n/+I--=--nI
--ng/n/+d—nd—
5. CONSONANT CHANGE- In some instances, some consonants are replaced by
others.
Examples:In Hiligaynon
/d/becomes /r/ bayad(pay) bayaran( will pay)
Lubid(rope) lubiron(be made into twine)
/r/becomes /I/ sugid-sugiran(to tell) sugilanon (story)
/o/becomes/w/ nagano-an nagamwan(troubled,bothered)
/g/becomes/d/ kagaton(bite) kadton(bitten)
REFLECTION:

Based of my own reflection this phonemetic features language is a

language that we will use in teaching, this kind of language are the language that
have an alphabetical words and this language is have a sounds. If someday I will
be a teacher I will use this alphabetical when me are teaching ,Alphabetical words
are have some examples that we will use when we teach, and every student are
enhance their learning and critical thinking and skills.