1.

With reference to the Vijayanagara empire, consider the following statements:

(BASIC APPLIED)
1. The Amirs were military commanders who were given territories to be governed by the Rayas or the rulers of
Vijayanagara.
2. Chandragiri was the first capital of the Vijayanagara empire.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
Explanation:

● The kingdom of Vijayanagar was founded by Harihara and Bukka of the Sangam dynasty in 1336 AD.
● The Amara-Nayakas were military commanders who were given territories to be governed by the Rayas or
the rulers of Vijayanagara.
○ Many features of this system were derived from the Iqta system of the Delhi sultanate.
○ Amara-Nayakas collected taxes and other dues from peasants, craftsmen, and traders in the area.
● Anegundi was the first capital of the Vijayanagara empire.
● The other capitals of Vijayanagara were Hampi, Penukonda & Chandragiri.
● Present-day Hampi in Karnataka State is a world heritage site.

2.Consider the following statements: (BASIC APPLIED)

1.The Amara-nayaka system was a major political innovation of the Bahmani Kingdom.
2.In this system, the commander of the Bahmani Kingdom army was called the nayaka.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
Explanation:
Both the statements are incorrect
Important characteristics of the Vijayanagar administration was the amaranayaka Which is similar to the iqta
system of Delhi Sultanate.
In this system, the commander of the Vijayanagar army was called the nayaka.

3. Consider the following in respect of ‘Salem Sago (Javvarisi)’: ( CA APPLIED)

1.Salem Sago (Javvarisi) has received the Geographical Indication (GI) label, which is anticipated to make it easier
for it to enter the global market.
2.Sago is made from the wet starch powder, whilst the dry powder is used as a raw material in a variety of industrial
processes.
3.Salem Sago has historical significance as it was used as a food source during severe droughts in the Vijayanagar
Kingdom.
How many of the above statements are correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: b
Explanation:
Only statement 3 is incorrect. Salem Sago has historical significance as it was used as a food source during severe
droughts in the Travancore Kingdom.

● Salem Sago (Javvarisi) has received the Geographical Indication (GI) label, which is anticipated to make it
easier for it to enter the global market.
● Made from uncooked tapiocas, sago (also known as Sabu dana) is a pearl-white food that resembles tiny,
firm globules or pearls.
● Tamil Nadu has a substantial tapioca farming industry.
● Sago initially originated on a cottage-scale level in the Salem area, which is the country's main centre for
sago production.
● Wet starch powder made from mashed tapioca roots is used to make it.
● Sago is made from the wet starch powder, whilst the dry powder is used as a raw material in a variety of
industrial processes.
● The wet starch powder is used to manufacture sago, while the dry powder is utilized as a raw material in
various industrial applications.
● Salem Sago has historical significance as it was used as a food source during severe droughts in the
Travancore Kingdom.
Source: TOI, Salem Sago bags geographical indication tag.
https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/coimbatore/salem-sago-bags-geographical-indication-tag/articleshow/10309
8413.cms?from=mdr

4. Consider the following statements : (CA APPLIED)

1.The iGOT Karmayogi platform itself serves as a comprehensive online ecosystem for government officials to
facilitate their capacity-building endeavours.
2.This initiative aims to enhance the competencies of 5,000 Block-level officials in 500 identified Blocks, helping
them perform their duties effectively in under-served areas.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
Explanation:
● The iGOT Karmayogi platform (https://igotkarmayogi.gov.in/) itself serves as a comprehensive online
ecosystem for government officials to facilitate their capacity-building endeavours.
● The Aspirational Blocks Programme, an extension of the successful Aspirational Districts Programme, has
set its sights on 500 identified Blocks across India, read the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and
Pensions press release.
 ● The primary goal is to enhance the functional, domain, and behavioural competencies of 5000 Block-level
officials. By equipping them with the necessary tools, this initiative intends to improve their effectiveness
in fulfilling their duties and responsibilities.
● These courses cover a wide range of subjects, including time management, communication for
citizen-centricity, leadership, sustainable development goals, problem-solving, self-leadership, stress
management, yoga at the workplace, and team building.
● Each course is designed to enhance the skills and competencies required for effective governance at the
grassroots level.
● It combines six functional hubs, encompassing online learning, competency management, career
development, discussions, events, and networking opportunities.
● Presently, more than 22.2 lakh learners from various government sectors are registered on the iGOT
platform, gaining access to an extensive library of 685+ courses, read the release.
Source: The News Mill, (ANI) iGOT Karmayogi platform expands with aspirational blocks program module,
https://thenewsmill.com/2023/09/igot-karmayogi-platform-expands-with-aspirational-blocks-program-module/

5. With reference to the Vijayanagara Empire, consider the following statements: (ELEMENTARY)
1.Vijayanagara Empire founded in the 14th century by two brothers: Harihara I (also called Vira Harihara or Hakka
Raya) and Bukka Raya I.
2.Aravidu dynasty was founded by Tirumala.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
Explanation:
Both the statements are correct
● Vijayanagara Empire founded in the 14th century by two brothers: Harihara I (also called Vira Harihara or
Hakka Raya) and Bukka Raya I.
● Aravidu dynasty, the fourth and last dynasty of the Hindu empire of Vijayanagar in southern India.
● Its founder was Tirumala, whose brother Rama Raya had been the masterful regent of the Sadasiva Raya of
the Tuluva dynasty.

6. What was the capital of the Bahmani kingdom? (ELEMENTARY)

(a) Tumkur
(b) Gulbarga
(c) Mysuru
(d) Belgaum
Answer: b
Explanation:
The Bahmani capital was Ahsanabad (Gulbarga) between 1347 and 1425 later on it became Muhammadabad
(Bidar).

7. With reference to the ASEAN, consider the following statements: (CA APPLIED)
1.The Plan of Action (POA) for the next five years outlines the priorities that include efforts on the mainstreaming
and implementation of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP).
2.It lays emphasis on strengthening partnerships, through cross-sectoral collaborations that includes efforts in
furthering the implementation of the 2024 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: a
Explanation:
○ At the 18th EAS, the Leaders’ Declaration on ASEAN as an Epicentrum of Growth was adopted.
○ It was discussed on building resilience against emerging challenges and future shocks through cooperation
on enhancing energy security and food security, maintaining financial stability, and strengthening regional
health architecture.

○ The Plan of Action (POA) for the next five years outlines the priorities that include efforts on the
mainstreaming and implementation of the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP).
○ It lays emphasis on strengthening partnerships, through cross-sectoral collaborations that includes efforts in
furthering the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
○ The meet provided an opportunity for ASEAN member states and the eight non-ASEAN countries to
exchange views on issues concerning the region and the world at large.
Source: DD News, PM Modi in Indonesia to attend East Asia, ASEAN-India summits,
https://ddnews.gov.in/international/pm-modi-indonesia-attend-east-asia-asean-indian-summits

8. Consider the following statements: (CA APPLIED)

1.UNDP India and the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD) signed a Memorandum
of Understanding to co-create data-driven innovations in agriculture and food systems to support smallholder
farmers.
2.The partnership aims at enhancing and disseminating collaborative digital public goods like DiCRA (Data in
Climate Resilient Agriculture).
3.DiCRA provides open access to key geospatial datasets pertinent to climate resilient agriculture.
How many of the above statements are not correct?
(a) Only one
(b) Only two
(c) All three
(d) None
Answer: d
Explanation:
All three statements are correct.
● UNDP India and the National Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Nabard) signed a
Memorandum of Understanding to co-create data-driven innovations in agriculture and food systems to
support smallholder farmers.
● Under the MoU, the organisations will work to improve lives and livelihoods of smallholder farmers by
sharing open-source data for product development, transfer of technology and supporting the framing of
agrarian policies, Nabard and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) India
 ● The partnership aims at enhancing and disseminating collaborative digital public goods like DiCRA (Data
in Climate Resilient Agriculture).
● DiCRA provides open access to key geospatial datasets pertinent to climate resilient agriculture.
● DiCRA, which is curated by UNDP and partner organisations to inform the public about investments in
agriculture, already provides intelligence on climate resilience for 50 million hectares of farmland across
the country.
● Nabard will host and maintain the DiCRA platform and use its key geospatial datasets for policy making,
research and development activities, with UNDP's technical support.
Source: Republic world, NABARD Partners With UNDP To Boost Data-driven Innovations In Agriculture.
https://www.republicworld.com/business-news/india-business/nabard-partners-with-undp-to-boost-data-driven-inno
vations-in-agriculture-articleshow.html

9. Consider the following statement regarding Vijayanagara temple architecture.

(BASIC APPLIED)
1. Tall Raya Gopurams or gateways and the Kalyanamandapam with carved pillars can be found in the temple
premises
2. Animal figurines were made on the pillars of these temples.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: c
Explanation:

● The chief characteristics of the Vijayanagara architecture were the construction of tall Raya Gopurams or
gateways and the Kalyanamandapam with carved pillars in the temple premises.
● The sculptures on the pillars were carved with distinctive features.
● Large mandapams contain one hundred pillars as well as one thousand pillars in some big temples.
● The horse was the most common animal found in these pillars.
● These mandapams were used for seating the deity on festival occasions.
● Also, many Amman shrines were added to the already existing temples during this period.

10. With reference to the Virupaksha temple, consider the following statements:
(BASIC APPLIED)
1.It was built under the rule of Saluva Narasimha of the Vijayanagara empire.
2.It was made in the Dravidian Style of temple making.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: b
Explanation:
Statement 1 is incorrect: It was built under the rule of Deva Raya-II (1424–1446 AD) of the Vijayanagara empire.
Statement 2 is correct: It was made in the Dravidian Style of temple making, on the banks of the Tungabhadra river.

11. With reference to National Judicial Data Grid portal, consider the following statements: ( CA APPLIED)
1.The President of India has officially announced the integration of the Supreme Court with the National Judicial
Data Grid (NJDG) during a public session.
2.The NJDG portal stands as a nationwide repository of information regarding cases initiated, ongoing, and resolved
across courts throughout the country.
3.This is the first time the data on case disposal with detailed charts and graphs will be available on NJDG
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3.
(b) 1 and 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 only
Answer: c
Explanation:
● The Chief Justice of India has officially announced the integration of the Supreme Court with the National
Judicial Data Grid (NJDG) during a public session.
● The NJDG portal stands as a nationwide repository of information regarding cases initiated, ongoing, and
resolved across courts throughout the country. Within this platform, users can access case-specific details,
as well as key statistics such as case initiation, current status, and resolution rates.
● Additionally, it provides a breakdown of case types and a year-wise overview of the Supreme Court's
activities.
● This database encompasses orders, judgments, and comprehensive case particulars from 18,735 District &
Subordinate Courts and High Courts. It was established as part of the e-Courts Project and was created
through a collaborative effort between the National Informatics Centre (NIC) and the in-house software
development team of the Computer Cell Registry.
● The portal features an interactive interface and an analytics dashboard for user-friendly navigation.
● The NJDG portal will undergo regular updates to ensure the information remains current and accurate.
● The NJDG serves as an effective monitoring tool to identify, manage, and diminish the backlog of cases.
● It plays a crucial role in offering timely insights for policy-making, aimed at reducing delays in case
resolutions and minimizing overall case pendency.
● Furthermore, it enhances the oversight of court performance and identifies systemic obstacles, thus
functioning as an efficient resource management tool.
● This tool is also instrumental in tracking cases related to land disputes.
Source: Hindustan times, Supreme Court’s real-time case data to be accessible on Judicial Data Grid portal.
https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/scs-real-time-case-data-to-be-accessible-on-njdg-portal-101694719060
851.html

12. With reference to the cybercrime investigation tool, consider the following statements: ( CA APPLIED)
1.The TTP (tactics, techniques, and procedures)-based cybercrime investigation framework is a tool designed to
track and categorize cybercrimes effectively.
2.It enables the identification of the evidentiary chain necessary to solve a case and aligns the evidence with the
framework for convicting criminals.
3.This advancement of tracking and convicting cybercriminals, ultimately leading to a reduction in cybercrime
activities outside the country only.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1 and 3 only
Answer: b
Explanation:

● The TTP (tactics, techniques, and procedures)-based cybercrime investigation framework is a tool designed
to track and categorize cybercrimes effectively.
● It enables the identification of the evidentiary chain necessary to solve a case and aligns the evidence with
the framework for convicting criminals.
● This technology has the capability to generate an approximate path of how a crime was executed, propose a
crime path based on user-provided keywords, compare the methods employed in different crimes, manage
user roles, and monitor activity related to crime paths.
● By leveraging the tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) employed by criminals, this investigation
framework is anticipated to offer a swift and precise means of convicting cybercriminals.
● The completed cybercrime investigation framework and tool are now prepared for deployment alongside
law enforcement agencies.
● This advancement is poised to simplify the process of tracking and convicting cybercriminals, ultimately
leading to a reduction in cybercrime activities within the country.
Source: Indian Express, Telangana cops to deploy new cybercrime tool developed by IIT-Kanpur.
https://www.newindianexpress.com/states/telangana/2023/jul/03/telangana-cops-to-deploy-new-cybercrime-tool-dev
eloped-by-iit-kanpur-2590909.html

13. Consider the following pairs regarding terms in medieval period:: (ELEMENTARY)
1. Sadr-i-jahan - Chief justice
2. Nasir –i-Ashraf - The external affairs.
3. Amir-i-Jumla - Minister for finance
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?
(a) 1 pair only
(b) 2 pairs only
(c) 3 pairs only
(d) None of the above
Answer: c
Explanation:

● The Bahmani administration was modelled in the Islamic pattern.

● The king was the supreme power in the state, he was the ruler, judge, administrator, military leader, and
sometimes even his own authority.
● The king maintained an army of reporters under the supervision of the prime minister.
● The king was the supreme power. In theory, his authority was unlimited, but in practice he depended on the
advice of his ministers in deciding state policy.
 ● The chief minister was called ‘vakil-us-Sultanate’. All orders issued by the king passed through him and
bore his seal. The minister for finance was called ‘Amir-i-Jumla’.The external affairs were called ‘ Nasir
–i-Ashraf. Kotwal or chief of police and city magistrate in the capital, and
● Sadr-i-Jahan or chief justice and minister of religious affairs and endowments.

● Allauddin Hasan Baman Shah divided his kingdom into four divisions called ‘ Tarafs’ and each division
was under a Tarafda

14.Which of the following country does Nicolo de Conti belong to? (ELEMENTARY)
(a) Portuguese
(b) Italy
(c) Greece
(d) Morocco
Answer: B
Explanation:
Nicolo De Conti was an adventurer and merchant from Italy.Nicolo De Conti visited during the Vijayanagar Empire
times and He also described the finding of diamonds on a mountain which he called Albenigaras.

15.Consider the following pairs: (CA APPLIED)

Type Explanation
1.Transgenic – plants have genes inserted into them that are derived from other species.
2.Cisgenic – plants are made using genes of the same species or closely related.
3.Subgenic – Alter genetic makeup of a plant without incorporating genes from other plants.
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) All of the above
Answer : d
Explanation :
There are 3 main types of genetic modifications which are listed below.
Transgenic – plants have genes inserted into them that are derived from other species.
Cisgenic – plants are made using genes of the same species or closely related.
Subgenic – Alter genetic makeup of a plant without incorporating genes from other plants.
Hence all the statements are correct .
Source:https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/a-gm-crop-decision-that-cuts-the-mustard/article67312658.ece

16. Consider the following statements : (CA APPLIED)

1.Io is the moon, the most volcanically active world in our solar system and it has hundreds of volcanoes that often
erupt with molten lava and sulphurous gases.
2.Io is tidally locked to Saturn, meaning that one side of the Moon always faces the planet.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: A
Explanation:

● The National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Juno mission completed its 53rd close flyby
of Jupiter, it sped past the gas giant’s volcanic Moon Io and captured this stunning frame of both of them
together.
● Io is the most volcanically active world in our solar system and it has hundreds of volcanoes that often
erupt with molten lava and sulphurous gases.
● The Juno mission has given scientists the closest look at Io since 2007 and it will continue to gather images
and science data during even close flybys later this year and early in 2024.
● Io is slightly larger than the Earth’s Moon and has a diameter that is about one-quarter that of our planet.
● Io is tidally locked to Jupiter, meaning that one side of the Moon always faces the planet. It takes around
1.8 Earth days to both rotate on its axis and revolve once around Jupiter.
● It has a very thin atmosphere that is primarily made of sulphur dioxide but one of the most interesting
features of the Jovian moons is its volcanoes.
● The most volcanically active world in the solar system has hundreds of volcanoes with some erupting
fountains of lava that are dozens of kilometres high. It even has lakes of molten silicon lava on its surface.
Source: Indian Express, NASA’s Juno spacecraft captures a spectacular portrait of Jupiter and its moon Io.
https://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/nasa-juno-spacecraft-jupiter-io-8942227/

17. With reference to the Bahmani kingdom, consider the following statements:
(BASIC APPLIED)
1.The kingdom was divided into many provinces called Tarafs,Tarafdar or Amir were the Governors who controlled
the Taraf.
2. It was the first independent Islamic Kingdom in South India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: A
Explanation:

● The Bahmani Sultanate was a Muslim state of the Deccan in South India and one of the great medieval
Indian kingdoms.
● Madurai Sultanate was the first independent Islamic Kingdom in South India. The Bahmani kingdom
was established by Alauddin Bahman Shah in 1347 AD.
● He was also known as Hasan Gangu.
● In 1463A.D. Muhammad Shah lll became the Sultan at the age of nine
● Muhammad Gawan became the regent of the infant ruler.
● Under Muhammad Gawan’s able leadership the Bahmani kingdom became very powerful.
● Muhammad Gawan improved the administration, systematized finances, encouraged public education,
reformed the revenue system, disciplined the army and eliminated corruption.
● The Sultans followed a Feudal type of administration.
● The kingdom was divided into many provinces called Tarafs
 ● Tarafdar or Amir were the Governors who controlled the Taraf.

18. Consider the following statements : (ELEMENTARY)

1. The highest officer of the army in the Bahmani kingdom was called Amir-al-Umara.
2.The Russian Traveller Nikitin visited the Bahmani kingdom during the time of Muhammad Shah III.
Which of the statements given above is/are not correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer: d
Explanation:
Both the statements are incorrect
● The highest officer of the army in the Bahmani kingdom was called Amir-al-Umara.
● The Russian Traveller Nikitin visited the Bahmani kingdom during the time of Muhammad Shah III.

19.Consider the following statements regarding Preamble : (CA APPLIED)

1.The ideals behind the Preamble to India’s Constitution were laid down by Mahatma Gandhi’s Objectives
Resolution
2.The concept of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity in our Preamble was adopted from the Russian Revolution.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer : d
Explanation : Preamble
● In a Constitution, it presents the intention of its framers, the history behind its creation, and the core values
and principles of the nation.
● The preamble basically gives idea of the following things/objects:
○ Source of the Constitution
○ Nature of Indian State
○ Statement of its objectives
○ Date of its adoption
● The ideals behind the Preamble to India’s Constitution were laid down by Jawaharlal Nehru’s Objectives
Resolution.Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
● Although not enforceable in court, the Preamble states the objectives of the Constitution, and acts as an aid
during the interpretation of Articles when language is found ambiguous.
● The concept of Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity in our Preamble was adopted from the French Motto of the
French Revolution. Hence statement 2 is incorrect.
Source : More than 2.2 crore people register for reading of Preamble on Friday - The Hindu
20.With reference to ‘Jal Jeevan Mission’ sometimes mentioned in the news , which of the following statements
is/are correct? (CA APPLIED)
1.Supplying pure, safe, and enough drinking water through individual tap connections by 2024
2. The goal is to provide 55 liters of water per person per day through Functional Household Tap Connections
(FHTC).
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer : c
Explanation :
Jal Jeevan Mission
● The main objective of the Jal Jeevan Mission is to start giving tap water to all households in rural India
over the long term.
● Supplying pure, safe, and enough drinking water through individual tap connections by 2024 is another
objective of the Jal Jeevan Mission.Hence statement 1 is correct.
● The goal is to provide 55 liters of water per person per day through Functional Household Tap Connections
(FHTC).Hence statement 2 is correct.
● Planning and putting into action how essential water is for a better quality of life is also an objective of the
Jal Jeevan Mission.
● Assistance from State and Union Territory in organizing their financial funds and resources for the mission.
Source : Jal Jeevan Mission remains a pipe dream - The Hindu

21.Which of the following statements is/are true of India Middle East Europe Corridor ? (CA APPLIED)
1.India Middle East Europe Corridor is a network of transport corridors comprising railway lines only
2.It is done to promote economic integration between Asia, the Arabian Gulf, and Europe.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer : b
Explanation :
● India Middle East Europe Corridor was launched at the recently concluded G20 summit 2023 in India.
● A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed between the Governments of India, the US, Saudi
Arabia, the European Union (EU), the UAE, France, Germany and Italy to establish this economic
Corridor.
● India Middle East Europe Corridor is a network of transport corridors comprising railway lines and sea
lanes to promote economic integration between Asia, the Arabian Gulf, and Europe. Hence statement 1 is
incorrect and statement 2 is correct.
Source : India-Middle East-EU corridor to have multiple routes, but hurdles remain - The Hindu

22.Consider the following statements regarding Radio Collars : (CA APPLIED)

1. Radio collars are used to track and monitor animals in the wild. They consist of a collar with a small IR
transmitter .
2. They can be combined with GPS or accelerometers for additional information.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer : b
Explanation :
Radio Collars
● Radio collars are used to track and monitor animals in the wild. They consist of a collar with a small radio
transmitter.Hence statement 1 is incorrect
● Collars provide data on animal behavior, migration, and population dynamics.
● They can be combined with GPS or accelerometers for additional information.Hence statement 2 is
correct
● Collars are designed to be lightweight and comfortable for animals.
● Potential risks and challenges, such as injuries or infections, must be managed.

Source : Project Cheetah’s second year to focus on breeding, cheetah selection strategies : Project head - The Hindu

23.Which of the following statements best describes ‘amigurumi dolls ’, recently seen in the news? (CA APPLIED)
(a) Traditional Japanese tea ceremony accessories
(b) A style of Japanese cuisine based toys
(c) Handcrafted crocheted or knitted stuffed toys
(d) Ancient Japanese origami art
Answer : c
Explanation : Amigurumi dolls
Amigurumi dolls are handcrafted crocheted or knitted stuffed toys that originated in Japan. The word "amigurumi" is
derived from the Japanese words "ami," which means crocheted or knitted, and "nuigurumi," which means stuffed
doll. These dolls are typically made using a small hook and yarn, and they come in a wide variety of shapes and
sizes, often featuring cute and whimsical designs. Amigurumi has gained popularity worldwide as a craft hobby and
is known for its intricate detailing and creative possibilities in creating adorable stuffed characters.
Source : Manipur relief camp inmates create crochet dolls for global market - The Hindu

24.What is the aim of the programme ‘ Pradhan Mantri Vishwakarma Yojana ’? (CA APPLIED)
(a) To provide free healthcare to rural communities.
(b) To promote skill development and entrepreneurship among artisans and traditional craftsmen.
(c) To encourage organic farming in India.
(d) To support women's empowerment through financial assistance.
Answer : b
Explanation : Pradhan Mantri Vishwakarma Yojana
The "Pradhan Mantri Vishwakarma Yojana" is a government program in India aimed at promoting skill development
and entrepreneurship among artisans and traditional craftsmen. It seeks to empower these skilled individuals by
providing them with training, financial support, and access to markets, thereby helping them enhance their
livelihoods and preserve traditional crafts and skills. This initiative plays a crucial role in promoting economic
growth and cultural heritage preservation in the country.
Source:
https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/pm-modi-launches-13000-crore-pm-vishwakarma-scheme-for-traditional-
workers/article67317937.ece

25.With reference to ‘Biofuel’ sometimes mentioned in the news , which of the following statements is/are correct?
(CA APPLIED)
1. Biofuels are obtained from biomass like wood and straw, which are released by direct combustion of dry matter
and converted into a gaseous and liquid fuel.
2. Ethanol made from the fermentation of rice husk is one of the widely used biofuels because of its clean and
affordable nature.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Answer : a
Explanation :
Biofuel is considered pure and the easiest available fuel on planet earth. Biofuels are obtained from biomass like
wood and straw, which are released by direct combustion of dry matter and converted into a gaseous and liquid fuel.
Hence statement 1 is true.
Ethanol is a renewable fuel made from various plant materials collectively known as “biomass”.
Ethanol made from the fermentation of sugarcane juice and molasses is one of the widely used biofuels because of
its clean and affordable nature.Hence statement 2 is false it is sugarcane juice and not rice husk.
Biofuel is generally available in all regions of the world, which mainly include fuels like: Biodiesel , Bioethanol ,
Bio methanol
The two most common types of biofuels in use today are bioethanol and biodiesel.

Source:
https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/what-is-driving-the-global-biofuels-alliance-explained/
article67316151.ece#:~:text=The%20grouping%2C%20called%20the%20Global,particularly%20in%20the%20tran
sport%20sector.

26.Find the sum of 3 +3^2 + 3^3 +...+ 3^8.

(a) 6561
(b) 6560
(c) 9840
(d) 3280
Answer: c
Explanation:
3 +3^2 + 3^3 +...+ 3^8.
Here, a = 3 ; r = 3 ; n = 8
Sum of the series (S8) = {a × (r^8 - 1)}/(r - 1)
⇒ {3 × (3^8 - 1)}/(3 - 1)
⇒ (3 × 6560)/2 = 3280 × 3
⇒ 9840
∴ The correct answer is 9840.

27.How many terms are there in the G.P. 3, 6, 12, 24, ... , 384 ?
(a) 8
(b) 9
(c) 10
(d) 11
Answer: a
Explanation:
Here a = 3 and r=6/3=2
Let the number of terms be n.
Then, tn = 384 ar^n-1 = 384
3 x 2^n - 1 = 384
2^n-1 = 128 = 27
n-1=7
n=8
Number of terms = 8.
28.Two students appeared at an examination. One of them secured 9 marks more than the other and his marks was
56% of the sum of their marks. The marks obtained by them are:
(a) 39, 30
(b) 41, 32
(c) 42, 33
(d) 43, 34
Answer: c
Explanation:
Let their marks be (x + 9) and x.
Then, x + 9 =56/100(x + 9 + x)
25(x + 9) = 14(2x + 9)
3x = 99
x = 33
So, their marks are 42 and 33.

29.What percentage of numbers from 1 to 70 have 1 or 9 in the unit's digit?

(a) 1
(b) 14
(c) 20
(d) 21
Answer: c
Explanation:
Clearly, the numbers which have 1 or 9 in the unit's digit, have squares that end in the digit 1. Such numbers from 1
to 70 are 1, 9, 11, 19, 21, 29, 31, 39, 41, 49, 51, 59, 61, 69.
Number of such number =14
Required percentage = (14/70)*100= 20%

30.Three students contested an election and received 1000, 5000 and 10000 votes, respectively. What is the
percentage of the total votes the winning student gets?
(a) 10
(b) 30
(c) 25.25
(d) 62.5
Answer: d
Explanation:
Total number of votes = 1000 + 5000 + 10000 = 16000
The student who won the votes got 10000 votes
Hence, the percentage will be:
(10000/16000) x 100% = 62.5%