Find the LCM and HCF of the following pairs of integers and verify that LCM × HCF = product

of the two
numbers.
(i) 26 and 91 (ii) 510 and 92 (iii) 336 and 54

solution(i) 26 and 91
Prime factors of 26 = 2 × 13
Prime factors of 91 = 7 × 13
HCF of 26 and 91 = 13
LCM of 26 and 91 = 2 × 7 × 13
= 14 × 13
= 182
Product of these two numbers = 26 × 91
= 2366
LCM × HCF = 182 × 13
= 2366

(ii) 510 and 92

Prime factors of 510 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 17
Prime factors of 92 = 2 × 2 × 23
HCF of the two numbers = 2
LCM of the two numbers = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 17 × 23
= 23460
Product of these two numbers = 510 × 92
= 46920
LCM x HCF = 2 × 23460
= 46920

(iii) 336 and 54

Prime factors of 336 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 7
Prime factors of 54 = 2 × 3 × 3 × 3
HCF of the two numbers = 6
LCM of the two numbers = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 7
= 24 × 33 × 7
= 3024
Product of these two numbers = 336 × 54
= 18144
LCM x HCF = 3024 × 6
= 18144

Explain why 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 and 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 5 are composite numbers.

solution: 7 × 11 × 13 + 13 = 13 (7 × 11 + 1)
= 13(77 + 1)
= 13 × 78
= 13 × 13 × 6 × 1
= 13 × 13 × 2 × 3 × 1
The given number has 2, 3, 13, and 1 as its factors. Therefore, it is a composite number.
Now, 7 × 6 × 5 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 5 = 5 × (7 × 6 × 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 + 1
= 5 × (1008 + 1)
= 5 × 1009 × 1

Draw the graphs of x−y+1=0and 3x+2y−12=0Determine the coordinates of the vertices of the triangle
formed by these lines and x-axis and shade the triangular area

solution

3x + 2y -12 = 0
⇒ 2y = 12 - 3x
⇒ y = (12 - 3x) / 2

For the following APs, write the first term and the common difference:

i) 3, 1, - 1, - 3,…
ii) - 5, - 1, 3, 7,…
iii) 1/3, 5/3, 9/3, 13/3,...
iv) 0.6, 1.7, 2.8, 3.9,...

solution ) 3, 1, - 1, - 3,… are in AP

First term, a₁ = 3
Common difference, d = a₂ - a₁
d=1-3=-2

ii) - 5, -1, 3, 7,… are in AP

First term, a₁ = - 5
Common difference, d = a₂ - a₁
d = - 1 - (- 5) = - 1 + 5 = 4

iii) 1/3, 5/3, 9/3, 13/3,… are in AP

First term, a₁ = 1/3
Common difference, d = (a₂ - a₁)
d = 5/3 - 1/3 = 4/3

iv) 0.6, 1.7, 2.8, 3.9,… are in AP

First term, a₁ = 0.6
Common difference, d = a₂ - a₁
d = 1.7 - 0.6 = 1.1

The 17th term of an AP exceeds its 10th term by 7. Find the common difference.

Solution:a₁₇ = a + (17 - 1)d

a₁₇ = a + 16d
a₁₀ = a + (10 - 1)d
a₁₀ = a + 9d
According to the question, a₁₇ - a₁₀ = 7 (given)
a + 16d - (a + 9d) = 7
16d - 9d = 7
7d = 7
d=1
The common difference is 1.

how many three digit numbers are divisible by 7

128

How many Multiples of 4 Lie Between 10 and 250?

60

In Fig. 6.38, altitudes AD and CE of Δ ABC intersect each other at the point P. Show that:

(i) ΔAEP ~ ΔCDP

(ii) ΔABD ~ ΔCBE
(iii) ΔAEP ~ ΔADB
(iv) ΔPDC ~ ΔBEC
1) in ΔAEP and ΔCDP
∠AEP = ∠CDP = 90º
[∵ CE ⊥ AB and AD ⊥ BC; altitudes]
∠APE = ∠CPD (Vertically opposite angles)
⇒ ΔAEP ~ ΔCPD (AA criterion)

2)In ΔABD and ΔCBE

∠ADB = ∠CEB = 90º
∠ABD = ∠CBE (Common angle)
⇒ ΔABD ~ ΔCBE (AA criterion)

3)In ΔAEP and ΔADB

∠AEP = ∠ADB = 90º
∠PAE = ∠BAD (Common angle)
⇒ ΔAEP ~ ΔADB (AA criterion)

4)In ΔPDC and ΔBEC

∠PDC = ∠BEC = 90º
∠PCD = ∠BCE (Common angle)
⇒ ΔPDC ~ ΔBEC (AA criterion)

A quadrilateral ABCD is drawn to circumscribe a circle (see Fig. 10.12). Prove that AB + CD = AD +
BC

Solution:
ow let us add both the LHS and RHS of the above equations separately and observing the result.
DR + BP + AP + CR = DS + BQ + AS + CQ
By rearranging the terms we get,
(DR + CR) + (BP + AP) = (CQ + BQ) + (DS + AS)
On further simplifying,
CD + AB = BC + AD
Hence it is proved AB + CD = AD + BC.

One card is drawn from a well-shuffled deck of 52 cards. Find the probability of getting

(i) a king of red colour

(ii) a face card
(iii) a red face card
(iv) the jack of hearts
(v) a spade
(vi) the queen of diamonds

Solution:Total number of cards from a well-shuffled deck = 52

Number of spade cards = 13

Number of heart cards = 13

Number of diamond cards = 13

Number of club cards = 13

Total number of kings = 4

Total number of queens = 4

Total number of jacks = 4

Number of face cards = 12

(i) Probability of getting a king of red colour = Number of red colour king/Total number of outcomes
We will have 2 red kings (Heart and Diamond)
= 2/52 = 1/26

(ii) Probability of getting a face card = Number of face cards/Total number of outcomes
12/52 = 3/13

(iii) Probability of getting a red face card = Number of red face cards/Total number of outcomes

We will have 3 diamond face cards and 3 heart face cards that sum up to 6 red face cards.
= 6/52 = 3/26
(iv) Probability of getting the jack of hearts = Number of jack of hearts/Total number of outcomes
= 1/52

(v) Probability of getting a spade card = Number of spade cards/Total number of outcomes= 13/52 =
1/4

(vi) Probability of getting the queen of diamonds = Number of possible outcomes/Total number of
favourable outcomes
= 1/52