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^«. 9763206212 B‘ob … pwatsaru@yahoo.com do~gmB©Q> : www.pvatsaru.com
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ISSN: 2250-3145

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Pmbo.
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^oXbr OmÊ`mMm {dMma ìhmdm.

{Xbrn MìhmU
àmܶmnH$,
ñdm‘r am‘mZ§X VrW© ‘amR>dmS>m {dÚmnrR>, Zm§XoS>
dilipchavan@gmail.com
 g‘gm‘m{¶H$ A`moÜ`oVrb am‘OÝ‘^y‘r-~m~ar ‘erX dmX g‘má Pmë`mZ§Va Ago
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~m~ar Vo Oo Ý`m`mb`rZ V§Ì dmnaÊ`mV Ambo VoM V§Ì dmamUgr‘Ü`o gwÕm
dmnabo OmV Amho. A`moÜ`m d dmamUgr‘Yrb ho Ý`m`mb`rZ V§Ì
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EH$ KQ>Zm g‘OyZ KoUo JaOoMo Amho.
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{ZVre gm‘y{hH$ Y‘mªVa hmoV.o `m KQ>ZZo o qhXwËddmXr g§KQ>Zm§Mo Ym~o XUmUbo.
ZdgmJao {díd qhXy n[afX d Am`© g‘mOmZo ‘rZmjrnya‘ `oWo fact finding
H${‘Q>r nmR>dbr. AQ>b {~hmar dmOno¶tZr gwÕm ‘rZmjrnya‘bm ^oQ>
{Xbr. qhXwËddmXr g§KQ>Zm§Zr Or ‘m{hVr {‘idbr Ë`mAmYmao Vo XmoZ
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Am{U Xwgao åhUOo Bñbm‘H$Sy>Z qhXy§À`m Y‘©n[adV©ZmMr ^rVr Amho.
7 d 8 E{àb 1984 ¶m XmoZ {Xder {X„r `oWrb {dkmZ ^dZ `oWo
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{H$Vr ea‘oMr ~m~ Amho Ooìhm H$s 80% g‘wXm` qhXy Amho, ho
bo I H$ nw U o p ñWV Am¶. Eb. Eg. {dYr H$aU qgJMo dº$ì` hmoVo. Ama. Eg. Eg. d {díd qhXy n[afXoZo Z§Va
‘hm{dÚmb¶mV àmܶmnH$ AmhoV. ‘§{Xa- ‘erX hm ‘wÔm Xoe^a ngadbm.
nawsagaray@gmail.com

n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 7

 A`moÜ`oVrb ~m~ar ‘{eXrMm dmX d Ý`m`mb`
1990À`m XeH$mV am‘OÝ‘ ^y ‘ r-~m~ar
‘{eXrMm dmX amOH$s` nQ>bmda `oÊ`mAJmoXa Vmo
Ý`m`mb`m‘Ü`o gwê$ Pmbm. gZ 1949‘Ü`o am‘mMr
‘yVu JyT>nUo ~m~ar ‘{eXr‘Ü`o R>do Ê`mV Ambr. Ë`mZ§Va
Ý`m`mb`mZo XmoZ nwOmè`m§Zm Ym{‘©H$ {dYr H$aÊ`mgmR>r
~m~ar ‘{eXr‘Ü`o AmV OmÊ`mMr nadmZJr {Xbr.
~mH$s bmoH§$ ’$º$ J«rbÀ`m nbrH$Sy>Z ‘yVu nmhÿ eH$V
hmoVo. na§Vw 1986‘Ü`o, `m dmXmer g§~§Y Zgboë`m
EH$m d{H$bmZo 31 OmZodmar 1986 amoOr ’¡$Om~mX
`oWrb {Oëhm Ý`m`mYrem§g‘moa Anrb XmIb Ho$bo.
EH$ {XdgmZ§Va `m Anrbmbm nadmZJr XoÊ`mV Ambr.
Ý`m`mYrem§Zr qhXyZ§ m nyOgo mR>r XadmOo CKS>Ê`mMo {ZX}e
{Xbo. hm AmXoe nm[aV Pmë`mZ§Va H$mhr {‘{ZQ>m§VM
~m~ar ‘{eXrMo XadmOo CKS>Ê`mV Ambo. Xmì`mVrb
‘yi njH$mam§Zm `m H$m`©dmhrMr ‘m{hVr ZìhVr. Hw$byn
CKS>ë`mg AS>MU `oUma Zmhr, Ago Ý`m`mb`mV
CnpñWV Agbobo {Oëhm X§S>m{YH$mar d nmo{bg
AYrjH$ `m§Zr gm§{JVbo. 1986À`m AmXoem‘wio ~m~ar
‘{eXrVrb Hw$byn CKS>bo Jobo, Ë`mAmYr A`moÜ`m
Am{U ’¡$Om~mXÀ`m nbrH$S>o H$moUmbmhr `m dmXmMr
‘m{hVr ZìhVr. 1986‘Ü`o CÎma àXoemVrb {Oëhm
Ý`m`mb`mZo {Xboë`m AmXoem‘wioM nmM dfmªZ§Va 6
{S>g|~a 1991 amoOr qhXwËddmXr H$m`©H$Ë`mªZr
A`moÜ`oVrb ~m~ar ‘erX nmS>br.
H$mer {dídZmW - kmZdmnr ‘erX dmX d Ý`m`mb`
am‘ ‘§{XamMo Am§XmobZ Ooìhm Ë`mÀ`m gdm}ƒ
{eIamda hmoVo, AJXr `mM H$mimV dmamUgrÀ`m
Ý`m`mb`m‘Ü`o ‘§{Xa-‘erX dmXmMr Ý`m{`H$ à{H«$`m
JVr KoV hmoVr. n{hbm IQ>bm dmamUgr {XdmUr
Ý`m`mb`mV 1991‘Ü`o ñd`§^y ^JdmZ {dídoídamÀ`m
^º$m§Zr XmIb Ho$bm hmoVm. 1991 gmbr dmamUgrÀ`m
{XdmUr Ý`m`mb`m‘Ü`o EH$ `m{MH$m XmIb Pmbr,
8 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
Or AOyZhr àb§{~V Amho. ho àH$aU "Ho$g Z§ 610/
1991 EH$ àm{V{Z{YH$ IQ>bm ([aàoPoÝQ>o{Q>d gyQ>)
Amho. "àmMrZ ‘yVu© ñd`§^y ^JdmZ {dídoída d BVa
{déÕ A§Ow‘Z B§VOm{‘`m ‘gm{OX d BVa' Ago `m
IQ>ë`mMo Zmd Amho . 1919 gmbr hm Xmdm
dmamUgrÀ`m VrZ bmoH$m§Zr XmIb Ho$bm hmoVm. n§{S>V
gmo‘ZmW ì`mg, n§{S>V am‘a§J e‘m© d h[aha nm§S>o` ho
‘yi `m{MH$mH$V}. `m {VKm§ ì`{V[aº$ `m IQ>ë`mVrb
Mm¡Wo dmXr ho ñdV… "ñd`§^y ^JdmZ {dídoída' AmhoV.
`m{MH$mH$Ë`mªMr ~mOy AJXr gwédmVrnmgyZ A°SìhmoH$o Q>
{dO` e§H$a añVmoJr ‘m§S>V AmhoV. `m{MH$mH$Vm© añVmoJr
`m§Zr Agm Xmdm Ho$bm Amho H$s, H$mer {dídZmW
‘§{Xa gw‘mao XmoZ hOma dfmªndy u ‘hmamOm {dH«$‘m{XË`mZo
~m§Ybo hmoVo. na§Vw ‘wKb ~mXemh Am¡a§JOo~mZo
1664‘Ü`o Vo ‘§{Xa Zï> Ho$bo. ‘§{XamÀ`m OmJoda
kmZdmnr ‘erX ~m§YÊ`mV Ambr. Ë`m Z§Va ‘§{XamÀ`m
nwZ~mªYUrMo AZoH$ A`eñdr à`ËZ Pmbo. gZ 1780
gmbr A{hë`m~mB© hmoiH$a `m§Zr ‘{eXr Odi AIoa
EH$ ‘§{Xa ~m§Ybo, VoM AmVm H$mer {dídZmW ‘§{Xa
åhUyZ AmoiIbo OmVo. `m{MH$mH$Ë`m©Zo Xmì`m‘Ü`o
kmZdmnr ‘erX Á`m O{‘Zrda C^r hmoVr, Ë`m O{‘ZrMm
EH$ ‘hÎdmMm ^mJ hr ‘yi ‘§{XamMr ‘mb‘Îmm Amho,
Agm Xmdm Ho$bm Amho. VgoM ‘wpñb‘ njmbm qhXyZm
O‘rZ Vmã`mV XoÊ`mV hñVjon H$aÊ`mnmgyZ H$m`‘Mo
Wm§~dmdo, Aerhr ‘mJUr Ý`m`mb`mV Ho$br Amho.
Am°ŠQ>mo~a 1997‘Ü`o, {XdmUr Ý`m`mb`mZo Agm
{ZU©` {Xbm H$s, hm IQ>bm ßbogog Am°’$ d{e©n
(ñnoeb àmopìhOZ) A°ŠQ>, 1991, H$b‘ 4Zo
à{V~§{YV Ho$bm Amho. `m H$m`ÚmV Ago åhQ>bo Amho
H$s, CnmgZoÀ`m OmJoMo ñdê$n ~XbÊ`mMm à`ËZ
H$aUmao gd© Xmdo Am{U Anrb H$m`Xm A‘bmV `oVmM
~mX hmoVrb. 1998‘Ü`o {Oëhm Ý`m`mYrem§g‘moa `m
AmXoemÀ`m {damoYmV ’o$a{dMma `m{MH$m XmIb
H$aÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr. Ë`m§Zr {ZU©` {Xbm H$s, {XdmUr
Ý`m`mb`mZo njH$mam§Mo nwamdo KoVë`mZ§VaM ho àH$aU
nwÝhm Zì`mZo {ZH$mbmV H$mT>mdo. ‘wpñb‘ njmZo
1998‘Ü`o Abmhm~mX Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mV `m
AmXo e mbm AmìhmZ {Xbo . Abmhm~mX Cƒ
Ý`m`mb`mZo IQ>ë`mÀ`m H$madmB©bm nwÝhm ñW{JVr
{Xbr. 2020n`ªV hm ñW{JVr AmXoe bmJy hmoVm.
na§Vw, 2018À`m gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo EH$m {ZH$mbmV
Ago åhQ>bo H$s, ñW{JVr AmXo e ñnï>nUo
dmT>dë`m{edm` ghm ‘{hÝ`m§nj o m OmñV H$mi ñW{JVr
bmJy hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr. åhUOo Oa Cƒ Ý`m`mb`m§Zr
ghm ‘{hÝ`m§Z§Va ñW{JVr AmXoe ñnï>nUo dmT>{dbm
Zmhr Va H${Zð> Ý`m`mb`o IQ>ë`m§‘Ü`o nwÝhm H$madmB©
gwê$ H$ê$ eH$VmV. åhUyZ dmamUgrÀ`m {XdmUr
Ý`m`mb`mZo {’$`m©XtZr XmIb Ho$boë`m AOm©À`m AmYmao
nwÝhm `m IQ>ë`mMr gwZmdUr gwê$ Ho$br. ’o$~«wdmar
2020‘Ü`o Abmhm~mX Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo `m
H$madmB©bm nwÝhm ñW{JVr {Xbr. ‘mM© 2020‘Ü`o,
Ë`mZo Amnbm {ZU©` amIyZ R>odbm. na§Vw E{àb
2021‘Ü`o {XdmUr Ý`m`mb`mZo ^maVr` nwamVËd
gd} j U {d^mJmbm, ‘{eXrÀ`m {R> H $mUr ‘§ { Xa
ApñVËdmV Amho H$s Zmhr, ho {Z{íMV H$aÊ`mgmR>r
gd}jU H$aÊ`mMo AmXoe {Xbo. Abmhm~mX Cƒ
Ý`m`mb`mZo gßQ>|~a 2021‘Ü`o {XdmUr Ý`m`mb`mbm
`m AmXoem~Ôb ’$Q>H$mabo Am{U nwamVËd gd}jUmÀ`m
{ZX}em§Zm ñW{JVr {Xbr.
kmZdmnrMr pìh{S>AmoJ«m’$s
Am°JñQ> 2021‘Ü`o, Abmhm~mX Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mV
AmYrM EH$ àH$aU àb§{~V AgVmZm, dmamUgrÀ`m
{XdmUr Ý`m`mb`mV 5 ‘{hbm§Zr Xwgar `m{MH$m XmIb
Ho$br. kmZdmnrÀ`m g§Hw$bmV Ym{‘©H$ {dYr H$aÊ`mMm
A{YH$ma Am{U qhXy XodVm e¥§Jma Jm¡ar, JUoe, hZw‘mZ
Am{U BVa Ñí` Am{U AÑí` XodVm§Mr nyOm H$aÊ`mMr
nadmZJr ‘mJÊ`mV Ambr. kmZdmnr ‘{eXr g§X^m©Vrb
ho Xwgao Ý`m{`H$ àH$aU.
8 E{àb 2022 amoOr {XdmUr Ý`m`mYrem§Zr AO`
Hw$‘ma `m§Mr A°S>ìhmoH$o Q> H${‘eZa åhUyZ {Z`wº$s H$ê$Z
‘{eXrMo pìh{S>AmoJm« {’$H$ gd}jU H$ê$Z Vo Ý`m`mb`mV
gmXa H$aÊ`mMo AmXoe {Xbo. JaO nS>ë`mg Vo
nmo{bgm§Mr ‘XVhr ‘mJy eH$VmV Agohr Z‘yX Ho$bo.
AO` Hw$‘ma `m§Mo Zmd {’$`m©XtZr gwM{dbo hmoVo d
`mM ‘wX²Úmda ‘wñbr‘ njmZo AO` Hw$‘ma `m§À`m
{Z`wº$sbm {damoY Ho$bm.
12 ‘o amoOr, H$moQ>m©Zo AO` Hw$‘ma `m§Zm ~XbÊ`mg
ZH$ma {Xbm, na§Vw pìh{S>AmoJ«m’$s‘Ü`o Ë`m§Zm ‘XV
H$aÊ`mgmR>r AmUIr XmoZ A°S>ìhmoHo$Q> H${‘ímZam§Mr
Zo‘UyH$ Ho$br. Ý`m`mb`mZo {Oëhm àemgZmbm, JaO
nS>ë`mg Hw$byn VmoS>Ê`mMo d AS>Wim {Z‘m©U
H$aUmè`m§{damoYmV JwÝhm Zm|X{dÊ`mMo {ZX}e {Xbo. VgoM
17 ‘on`ªV Ahdmb gmXa H$aÊ`mg gm§{JVbo.
dmamUgrÀ`m A§Ow‘Z BÝVoOm{‘`m ‘{eXrÀ`m g{‘VrZ§
A°S>ìhmoHo$Q> H${‘ímZaMr {Z`wº$s Am{U àñVm{dV
{ZarjUmbm Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mV AmìhmZ {Xb§.
H$moQ>m©bm Ahdmb gmXa hmoÊ`mnyduM AO` Hw$‘ma
`m§Zr ‘{eXr‘Ü`o {edqbJ gmnS>bo Agm Xmdm
‘mÜ`‘m§nTw >o Ho$bm. VgoM Zm`mb`m‘Ü`o EH$m gwZmdUrV
Ooìhm ‘{eXrMo à{V{ZYr CnpñWV ZìhVo Voìhm,
Ý`m`mb`mZo qhXy `m{MH$mH$Ë`mªÀ`m {ZdoXZmMr XIb
Ko V br, H$s ‘w p ñb‘ àmW© Z mñWimÀ`m Q>mH$sV
Ý`m`mb`mZo {Z`wº$ Ho$boë`m gd}jUH$Ë`m©bm gmnS>bb o r
EH$ A§S>mH¥$Vr dñVy åhUOo {edqbJ Amho. Ë`mAmYmao
Ý`m`mb`mZo kmZdmnr ‘{eXrMm H$mhr ^mJ grb
H$aÊ`mMo AmXoe {Xbo. ‘{eXrV Ho$di 20 ‘wpñb‘m§Zm
Z‘mO nR>U H$aÊ`mMr nadmZJr {Xbr Jobr.
hr dmñVy àË`jmV H$ma§Oo Amho, Ag§ åhUV
‘{eXrÀ`m ~mOyZo `m Xmì`mbm {damoY Ho$bm Amho.
Xwgè`m {Xder A°S>ìhmoHo$Q> H${‘ímZa AO` Hw$‘ma
`m§Zm àog‘Ü`o ‘m{hVr Ad¡Y[a˶m nmohMdë¶m~Ôb
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 9
 H$mTy>Z Q>mH$Ê`mV Ambo. Cd©[aV XmoZ A°S>ìhmoHo$Q>
H${‘ímZam§Zr 19 ‘on`ªV Ahdmb gmXa Ho$bm.
‘wpñb‘ njmH$Sy>Z ‘{eXrÀ`m pìh{S>AmoJ«m’$s
gd}jUmbm Abmhm~mX Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mV AmìhmZ
XoÊ`mV Ambo hmoVo. na§Vw, Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo E{àb
2021‘Ü`o Ë`m§Mr `m{MH$m ’o$Q>mibr. Abmhm~mX
Cƒ Ý`m`mb`mÀ`m AmXoem{damoYmV kmZdmnr ‘erX
ì`dñWmnZ g{‘VrZo gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mV Anrb Ho$bo.
gwàr‘ H$moQ>m©Zo ‘wpñb‘m§Zm ‘{eXrV àdoe H$aÊ`mdarb
gJio {Z~ªY hQ>dbo. ‘mÌ, gd}jUm‘wio gmnS>boë`m
dmñVyMo g§ajU H$aÊ`mMo {ZX}e amÁ`mbm {Xbo.
nwamVËd gd}jUmMo amOH$s` n[aUm‘
E.Eg.Am`.À`m (^maVr` nwamVËd gd}jU {d^mJ)
gd}jUmMo ñnï> amOH$s` n[aUm‘ AmhoV. 2003‘Ü`o
A`moÜ`oVrb ~m~ar ‘{eXrÀ`m dmXmda nS>Xm Q>mH$Umao
AgoM EH$ gd}jU hmoVo. ~m~ar ‘{eXr àH$aUm‘Ü`o
E.Eg.Am`.À`m AhdmbmV Agm Xmdm H$aÊ`mV Ambm
hmoVm H$s, 16ì`m eVH$mVrb ‘{eXrÀ`m Imbr EH$
‘moR>r aMZm ApñVËdmV Amho Or ‘§{Xa Agy eH$Vo.
na§Vw, ‘erX ~m§YÊ`mÀ`m CÔoemZo ‘§{Xa CX²ÜdñV
Pmë`mMm H$moUVmhr WoQ> nwamdm E.Eg.Am`. XoD$ eH$bo
Zmhr. Ago AgVmZmhr 2019‘Ü`o gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo
~m~ar ‘{eXrMr dmXJ«ñV OmJm qhXy njmbm am‘
‘§{Xa ~m§YÊ`mgmR>r {Xbr. gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo
E.Eg.Am`.À`m gd}jUmda Amnbm {ZH$mb {Xbm
Zgbm, Var Aem gd}jUmÀ`m AmYmao IQ>ë`mMm
{ZU©` KoVm `oUma Zmhr, Ago ñnï>nUo Z‘yX Ho$bo
Zmhr. na§Vw dmamUgrVrb gd}jU ho A`moÜ`oVrb
gd}jUmnojmhr ‘hÎdmMo R>ê$ eH$Vo, H$maU A`moÜ`m
Am{U dmamUgr àH$aUm§V ‘yb^yV ’$aH$ Amho.
hm ’$aH$ ßbogog Am°’$ d{e©n (ñnoeb àmopìhOZ)
A°³Q>, 1991er g§~§{YV Amho. hm H$m`Xm ~m~ar
‘{eXrÀ`m {R>H$mUr A`moÜ`oV am‘ ‘§{Xa ìhmdo, Aer
10 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
‘mJUr H$aUmè`m dmT>Ë`m am‘OÝ‘^y‘r Am§XmobZmÀ`m
nmíd©^y‘rda g§‘V Pmbm Amho. `m H$m`Úmà‘mUo 15
Am°JñQ> 1947 amoOr Or Ym{‘©H$ ñWio Á`m Y‘©
g‘wXm`mÀ`m Vmã`mV hmoVr ^{dî`mVXoIrb Vr Ë`m§À`mM
‘mbH$sMr AgVrb. åhUOo {OWo ñdmV§Í`mÀ`m {Xder
EH$ ‘§{Xa hmoVo, VoWo nydu ‘erX Agbr Var VoWo
‘§{XaM amhrb. VgoM VoWo AmVm ‘erX Agob Va VoWo
nydu Ԥ{Xa hmoVo Agbm Xmdm MmbUma Zmhr VoWo
‘erXM amhrb. `m H$m`ÚmZwgma 15 Am°JñQ> 1947
nydu ApñVËdmV Agboë`m H$moUË`mhr Y‘m©À`m
CnmgZo M o ñWmZ AÝ` H$mo U Ë`mhr Y‘m© À `m
CnmgZmñWim‘Ü`o ê$nm§V[aV Ho$bo OmD$ eH$V Zmhr.
Oa H$moUr Ago H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm Va Ë`mbm EH$
Vo VrZ dfmªÀ`m H$mamdmgmMr {ejm hmoD$ eH$Vo.
A`moÜ`oVrb am‘ OÝ‘^y‘r ~m~ar ‘erXrÀ`m H$moQ>mV© rb
dmXmbm `m H$m`ÚmVrb H$joVyZ dJiÊ`mV Ambo
hmoVo. hm H$m`Xm H$mergh BVa gd© CnmgZmñWim§Zm
bmJy hmoVmo Am{U AmOhr bmJy Amho. àmW©ZmñWi
H$m`ÚmZo ~m~ar ‘{eXrMm dmX Amnë`m H$joVyZ
dJibm, VgoM BVa AndmXm§Mrhr VaVyX H$m`ÚmV
Amho d `oWMo E.Eg.Am`. gd}jUmMo ‘hÎd AYmoapo IV
Amho. ho g‘OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r H$b‘ 4À`m VaVwXtMo
dmMZ Amdí`H$ Amho. gmoß`m eãXm§V gm§Jm`Mo Va,
H$b‘ 4 (1)‘Ü`o Ago åhQ>bo Amho H$s, H$moUË`mhr
H$m`Xoera H$m`©dmhrV CnmgZoÀ`m {R>H$mUmMo ñdê$n
~XbÊ`mMr ‘mJUr Ho$ë`mg hm H$m`Xm A‘bmV
Amë`mnmgyZ hr H$m`Xoera H$m`©dmhr g§nwï>mV `oB©b d
CnmgZoÀ`m {R>H$mUmMo ñdê$n 15 Am°JñQ> 1947
amoOr Ogo hmoVo VgoM amIbo OmB©b.
VWm{n, H$b‘ 4‘Ü`o AmUIr EH$ AndmX
g‘m{dï> Amho. H$b‘ 4 (3) (A)‘Ü`o Ago åhQ>bo
H$s, àmMrZ d Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVy qH$dm nwamVÎdr`
ñWi qH$dm Adeof `m ì`m»`oV H$moUË`mhr Y‘m©Mo
àmW©ZmñWi g‘m{dï> Agob Va Ë`mbm àmW©ZmñWi
H$m`ÚmVyZ dJiÊ`mV `oB©b. àmMrZ ñ‘maHo$ Am{U
nwamVÎdr` ñWio Am{U Adeof A{Y{Z`‘, 1958
Zwgma Or Eo{Vhm{gH$ dmñVy 100 dfmªnojm OmñV
H$mimnmgyZ ApñVÎdmV Amho Vr àmMrZ ñ‘maH$ hmo¶.
dmamUgrVrb kmZdmnr ‘{eXrÀ`m dmXmda
àmW©ZmñWio H$m`ÚmÀ`m H$b‘ 4 (3) (A)Mm H$m`
AW© hmoVmo? `mMm EH$ AW© Agm hmoVmo H$s, Oa
E.Eg.Am`.bm ‘{eXrÀ`m Imbr H$mhr ~m§YH$m‘o
qH$dm ñ‘maHo$ Agë`mMo AmT>ibo, Va Agm Xmdm
Ho$bm OmD$ eH$Vmo H$s, `m Xmì`mbm àmW©ZmñWi
H$m`ÚmVyZ gyQ> XoÊ`mV `mdr d hm ‘§{Xa ‘{eXrMm dmX
nwÝhm Omoa Yaob. kmZdmnr ‘{eXrMm IQ>bm OoWo
ßboggo Am°’$ d{e©n (ñnoeb àmo{ìhOZ) A°³Q>, 1991Zo
nwÝhm Mmby H$aVm `oV Zmhr. na§Vw Oa Oa Agm Xmdm
Ho$bm H$s, hr nyamVÎd dmñVy Amho Va ‘J ßbogog
Am°’$ d{e©n A°ŠQ>, 1991 bmJy hmoV Zmhr. IQ>bm
350 dfm©À`m B{VhmgmÀ`m g‘OwVrdaVr Mmbdbm
OmB©b. am‘ OÝ‘^y‘r IQ>ë`m‘Ü`o gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo,
am‘mMm OÝ‘ A`moÜ`o‘Ü`o OoWo ~m~ar ‘erX Amho VoWo
Pmbm hmoVm hr qhXyM
§ r lÕm Amho, `m VH$m©da ‘{eXrMr
OmJm qhXy g‘wXm`mbm {Xbr. `m VH$m©Mr nwZamd¥Îmr
kmZdmnr IQ>ë`m‘Ü`o nwÝhm hmoUma Zmhr `mMr h‘r
H$moU XoUma?
g‘mamon
A`mo Ü `o V rb ~m~ar ‘erX d dmamUgrVrb
kmZdmnr ‘{eXrÀ`m dmXm‘Ü`o {Xgboë`m n°Q>ZM
© m gmam§e
`m boIm‘Ü`o XoÊ`mV Ambm Amho. XmoÝhr àH$aUm§H$S>o
~{KVë`mg, Ý`m`mb`m§ Z r, {deo f V: ImbÀ`m
ñVamdarb Ý`m`mb`m§Zr ho dmX dmT>dÊ`mV g{H«$`
^y{‘H$m ~Omdbr Amho. am‘OÝ‘^y‘r-~m~ar ‘{eXrMr
OmJm qhXy§À`m Vmã`mV XoÊ`mMm {ZU©` gdm}ƒ
Ý`m`mb`mZo 2019‘Ü`o Omhra Ho$ë`mnmgyZ dmamUgr
Am{U ‘WwaoVhr AemM àH$maMr H$madmB© H$aÊ`mMr
‘mJUr dmTy> bmJbr Amho. dmamUgrVrb H$mer
{dídZmW ‘§{Xambm bmJyZ Agbobr kmZdmnr ‘erX
Am{U ‘WwaoVrb H¥$îU OÝ‘^y‘r ‘§{Xambm bmJyZ
Agbobr emhr B©XJmh ‘erX qhXy§À`m Vmã`mV Úmdr,
Aer g§K n[admamMr AmVm ‘mJUr Amho. {deof
åhUOo, H$mer {dídZmW ‘§{Xa "‘wº$' H$aÊ`mgmR>r
H$m`Xoera ‘mJ© ñdrH$maÊ`m~amo~aM, Am§XmobZmMm n{dÌm
gwÕm KoÊ`mV `oV Amho. ’o$~«wdmar 2020‘Ü`o ApIb
^maVr` g§V g{‘VrZo H$mer {dídZmW ‘§{Xa VmVS>rZo
"‘wº$' H$aÊ`mgmR>r OZAm§XmobZmMm H$m`©H«$‘ Omhra
Ho$bm.
"A`moÜ`m Vmo Pm§H$s h¡, H$mer ‘Wwam ~mH$s h¡'
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s.deore2012@gmail.com OmVr` hmoVm.
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ZoVË¥ d Añn¥í` H$aVmV d Amo~rgr hm Ë`m§Mm ñdm^m{dH$
{‘Ì Amho, Agohr Vo ñnï> H$aVmV.
dJ©ì`dñWm Zï> H$aÊ`mgmR>r emo{fV dJmª‘Ü`o dJ©-
OmUrdm {Z‘m©U hmoUo JaOoMo AgVo. hr dJ©-OmUrd
BVH$s Vrd« Pmbr nm{hOo H$s, Vr dJ©g§Kfm©bm àd¥Îm
Pmbr nm{hOo. Ë`mgmR>r dJu` g§KQ>Zm C^mamì`m
bmJVmV. a{e`mV H$m‘Jma g§KQ>Zm§Zr H«$m§Vr Ho$br,
Va MrZ‘Ü`o eoVH$ar g§KQ>ZoZo H«$m§Vr Ho$br. ’w$bodmX d
‘mŠg©dmX `oWo EH$‘oH$m§er ’$maH$V KoD$Z nwÝhm EH$Ì
`oVmZm {XgVmV. Om{Vì`dñWm Zï> H$aÊ`mgmR>r emo{fV
OmVt‘Ü`o OmV-OmUrdm {Z‘m©U Pmë`m nm{hOoV,
na§Vw Ë`mgmR>r OmVr` g§KQ>Zm C^maÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr.
gË`emoYH$ g‘mOmgmaIo gd©OmVr` g§KQ>Z {Z‘m©U
H$ê$Z à~moYZmÀ`m nmVirda OmV-OmUrdm {Z‘m©U
H$aUo d Ë`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ Om{Vì`dñWo{déÕ g§Kf©
H$aÊ`mMr àoaUm {‘i{dUo, hoM gyÌ ’w$bodmXmMo Amho.
‘J añË`mdaÀ`m g§Kfm©M§ H$m`? Va Ë`m~m~V ’w$bodmX
d ‘mŠg©dmX `m§À`mV nwÝhm gmå` {XgyZ `oVo.
añË`mdaÀ`m g§Kfm©gmR>r ’w$bodmX ewÕ dJu` g§KQ>ZM o m
‘mJ© ñdrH$maVmo. ’w$bo{eî` ^mboamd ho eoVH$ar g§KQ>Zm
C^maVmV d Xwgao ’w$bo{eî` bmoI§S>o ho H$m‘Jma g§KQ>Zm
{Z‘m©U H$aVmV. OmVr` à~moYZ d dJu` g§KQ>Z `m
XmoZ doJdoJù`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZM ho OmVrA§VmMo `wÕ Ho$bo
OmD$ eH$Vo, BVHo$ ñnï>nUo ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo Amnë`mbm
àË`j H¥$VrVyZ gm§JVmV.
’w$ë`m§À`m H$mimV OmVrÀ`m nmoQ>mV dJm©Mr
J^©YmaUm hmoV hmoVr. Varhr CJdË`m dJ©ì`dñWoMm
XÿaÑï>rZo doY KoD$Z dJu` g§KQ>Zm {Z‘m©U H$aUo d Ë`m
‘mÜ`‘mVyZ OmVrA§VmMm bT>m C^maUo `mbm "‘hmZ
Ðï>no Um' {edm` Xwgar H$moUVrhr Cn‘m Zmhr. ’w$ë`m§À`m
`mM OmË`§VH$ dJu` {gÕm§VmMm {dH$mg 1936 gmbr
S>m.° ~m~mgmho~ Am§~So >H$am§Zr "ñdV§Ì ‘Oya nj' ñWmnZ
H$ê$Z Ho$bm. na§Vw 1944 gmbr `m OmË`§VH$ dJu`
{gÕm§VmnmgyZ ~m~mgmho~m§Zm ’$maH$V ¿`mdr bmJbr.
dJu` "ñdV§Ì ‘Oya nj' ~aImñV H$ê$Z OmVr`
nm`mdaMm "eoS>çwëS> H$mñQ> ’o$S>aoeZ' ñWmnÊ`mVyZ
OmV-g§ K Q> Z o M m ‘mJ© nËH$amdm bmJbm. `o W y Z
Am§~oS>H$admXmMr ’$gJV gwê$ hmoVo, Vr AmOVmJm`V
gwê$M Amho.
’w$bodmXmMm e¡j{UH$ {gÕm§Vhr H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho.
‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§À`m {ejU H$m`m©V Ë`m§Mo ~«m÷U {‘Ì
Ë`m§Zm ‘XV H$arV hmoV.o eyÐm{VeyÐm§À`m ‘wbm§Zm OmË`§VH$
{ejU {Xbo nm{hOo, Ago ’w$bo åhUV AgVmZm Ë`m§Mo
~«m÷U {‘Ì Ë`mg {damoY H$arV hmoVo. ~«m÷U ghH$mar
{‘Ìm§Zm IS>gmdVm§Zm "{ejU H$emgmR>r' Agm àíZ
ñdV…M CnpñWV H$aVmV d ñdV…M Ë`mMo CÎma XoVmZm
åhUVmV-
""...‘mPo åhUUo Ago hmoVo H$s, Ë`m§Zm eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm
Mm§Jbo àVrMr {dÚm XoD$Z {VOnmgyZ Ë`m§g Amnbo
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 19
 ~ao dmB©Q> g‘OÊ`mMr eº$s `mdr...'' (‘hmË‘m ’w$bo
g‘J« dmL²>‘¶, ‘hmamï´> amÁ` gm{hË` d gm§ñH¥${VH$
‘§S>i, ‘w§~B© àH$meZ, gwYm[aV ghmdr Amd¥Îmr, nmZ
193)
nwT>o Vo ñnï> H$aVmV H$s, ""Mm§Jë`m àVrMr {dÚm
KoD$Z eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm ~«m÷Um§À`m nyd©Om§Zr Ho$boë`m
Amnë`mdarb AÝ`m`mMr OmUrd hmoBb © d Ë`m{damoYmV
g§Kf© H$aÊ`mMr àoaUmhr {‘iob.'' gd© gaH$mar
emim§‘Ü`o {eH${dÊ`mgmR>r ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Zr "~«m÷UmMo
H$g~' ZmdmMr EH$ d ~iramÁ`mdarb Xwgar Aem
XmoZ Aä`mgH«$‘ nwpñVH$mhr V`ma Ho$ë`m hmoË`m. "na§V,w
^Q>m§À`m ^`mñVd B§J«Om§Zr `m XmoÝhr nmR>çnwpñVH$m
ñdrH$maë`m ZmhrV, Ago nwT>o ñnï> H$aVmV. (Cnamoº$,
nmZ 192)
’w$bo-Am§~oS>H$am§Zr àË`j ‘¡XmZr g§Kf© {OVH$m
Ho$bm Ë`mnojm {H$VrVar OmñV nQ>rZo Ë`m§Zr {b{hÊ`mMo
H$m‘ Ho$bo. gm§ñH¥${VH$ g§Kf© hm B{VhmgmÀ`m nmZm§da
A{YH$ Ho$bm OmVmo. H$maU dU©-Om{VA§VmÀ`m g§Kfm©Mo
Xwgao Zmd Amho- "gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕ'. `m `wÕmgmR>r
Zì`m {nT>rbm V`ma H$am`Mo Agob Va Ë`mgmR>r
emim-H$m°boOmVyZ Vgo g§ñH$ma H$aUmao {ejUhr {Xbo
nm{hOo.
gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmMm {gÕm§V hm ’w$bodmXmMm Jm^m
Amho. "Jwbm‘{Jar' J«§W {bhÿZ ’w$ë`m§Zr gm§ñH¥${VH$
`wÕmMo aUqeJ ’w§$H$bo. ~iramOm CËgd, ZdamÌCËgd
d {edO`§VrCËgd Aem àH$maMo H¥$VrH$m`©H«$‘ XoD$Z
~«m÷Ur gm§ñH¥${VH$ à{VH«$m§Vrbm AmìhmZ {Xbo.
‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Zr nwH$maboë`m `m gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmbm
~«m÷Ur N>mdUrZo àË`wÎma XoD$Z `eñdrnUo eh {Xbm.
~iramÁ`m{damoYmV JUnVr C^m Ho$bm d Hw$idmS>r
Hw$b^yfU {edmOrÀ`m {damoYmV Jmo-~«m÷U à{VnmbH$
{edmOr C^m H$aÊ`mV Ambm. `m gm§ñH¥${VH$ `wÕmÀ`m
nwT>À`m Q>ßß`mda ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$am§Zr "[aS>ëg
BZ qhXyBP‘' {bhÿZ ^S>m¾r {Xbm.
20 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
d¡Mm[aH$ nmVirda EImXo VÎdkmZ Iyn H«$m§{VH$maH$
Agy eH$Vo; na§Vw g‘mOì`dñWoÀ`m nmVirda Am‘ybmJ«
~Xb Ë`mVyZ hmoUma Zgob Va Vo VÎdkmZ H$mhr
H$mimZ§Va nmoH$i {gÕ hmoVo. OwZr g‘mOì`dñWm
{VÀ`m Am§V[aH$ ‘`m©Xm§‘i w o VmUVUmdJ«ñV hmoV AgVo.
Ow Z r CËnmXZì`dñWm Hw § $ R>rV hmo V o . Ë`mVy Z
g‘mOì`dñWo M m ‘w » ` AmYmañV§ ^ Agbo b r
AW©ì`dñWm pIipIir hmoVo. OwZr g‘mOì`dñWm
{Z`§{ÌV H$aUmè¶m emofH$-emgH$m§À`m {damoYmV
emo{fV-emo{fVm§Mm g§Kf© Q>mHo $mbm nmohmoMVmo. `m g§Kfm©Mo
’${bV åhUyZ CËnmXZgmYZm§Mm {dH$mg hmoD$Z CËnmXZ
dmT>Vo d `oD$ KmbVoë`m Zì`m g‘mOì`dñWoV AmYrMo
emo{fV-emo{fV ho nwamoJm‘r R>aVmV d gÎmmYmar ~ZVmV.
`wamonԆ`o gmԤVemhrVrb Hy$i d H$mamJra ho em{gV
d emo{fV hmoVo, Vo Zì`m ^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr H«$m§Vr‘wio
CÚmo O H$-^m§ S >dbXma ~Zbo V d CXma‘VdmXr
bmoH$emhrdmXr (nwamoJm‘r) åhUyZ gÎmmYmar ~ZboV.
^maVr` Om{Vì`dñWo‘Ü`o Am‘ybmJ« n[adV©Z
H«$m§{VH$maH$ nÕVrZo KS>dyZ AmUÊ`mV ’w$bodmX Hw$R>ohr
H$‘r nS>V Zmhr. g‘mOmMo ~«m÷Ur-A~«m÷Ur Ago
Y¥drH$aU KS>dyZ OwÝ`m ì`dñWoVrb VmUVUmd Vrd«
H$aUo ho ’w$bodmXmÀ`m AZoH$ H¥$VrH$m`©H«$‘m§n¡H$s EH$
‘hÎdmMm H$m`©H«$‘ hmoVm. g§Kf© Ho$ë`m{edm` ~«m÷U
Amnbo ñd`§Kmo{fV CƒnX gmoS>y Z eyÐm{X A{VeyÐm§gmo~V
g‘mZVoMo ì`dhma H$aUma Zmhr, Ago ñnï>nUo ‘hmË‘m
’w$bo gm§JVmV-
...We know perfectly well that Brahmin will not
descent from his self-raised high pedestal and meet
his Kunbee and low castes brethren on an equal
footing without a struggle...''
(g‘J« dmL²‘`, Cnamoº$, OmS> R>gm ‘mPm, nmZ-
134)
Om{Vì`dñWoV em{gV d emo{fV Agboë`m
eyÐm{VeyÐm§‘Yrb H$ï>H$ar ì`mdgm{`H$m§Zm AmYw{ZH$
V§ÌkmZmMo {ejU XoD$Z Ë`m§À`mVyZ CÚmoOH$ {Z‘m©U
Ho$bo nm{hOoV, Ago ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo gm§JVmV-
""...`m ~irñWmZmVrb eoVH$è¶m§À¶m emim§{edm`
{KgmS>r-bmohma-~Q>B©-gwVma-H$T>B©-Mm§^ma-gmoZma-
Vm§~Q>-gmir-qenr dJ¡ao H$mamJram§À`m ‘wbm§H$[aVm
{Za{Zamù`m emim KmbyZ Ë`m‘Ü`o Ë`m gdmªÀ`m
H$g~m§g~§Yr gd© àH$maÀ`m {dÚm {eH${dÊ`mÀ`m H$m‘r
WmoS>m WmoS>m IM© Ho$ë`m~amo~a...
""...H$mamJra bmo H $m§ À `m ‘w b m§ H $[aVm emim
KmVë`m~amo~a Vo `wamon d A‘o[aH$m I§S>mVrb
H$mam{Jam§gmaIo WmoS>çm qH$‘VrVrV Zm§Ja, Hw$id, nm^mar,
H$moinr, H$mT>Ur, ‘iUr dJoao ZmZmàH$maMr `m§{ÌH$
AmD$Vo bmJmonmR> ghO eoVH$è¶m§gmR>r Ooìhm H$aVrb,
Voìhm eoVH$ar bmoH$ OmñV CËnmXZ Pmë`m‘wio Amnë`m
gaH$mamg OmñVr H$a XoÊ`mg ghO g‘W© hmoVrb...''
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, H§$gmVrb eãX ‘mPo,
nmZ 543 d 544)
B§J«Om§À`m H$mimV ~«m÷Ur ì`dñWm H$m`‘
Agë`mZo Zì`m V§ÌkmZmÀ`m AmYmao eoVrMr {dH${gV
CËnmXZgmYZo (eoVrMr AmD$Vo dJ¡ao) {Z‘m©U H$aÊ`mMo
H$m‘ ~«m÷Um§À`m {H$bm}ñH$a H§$nZrZo d nmaem§À`m
YZOr em° Hy$na H$maImÝ`mZo Ho$bo. hoM V§ÌkmZ Oa
gwVma, bmohma ¶m§gma»`m eyÐ H$mam{Jam§À`m ‘wbm§Zm
doJù`m V§Ìemim H$mTy>Z {Xbo AgVo Va em{gVemo{fV
ey Ð m{Vey Ð H$mam{Jam§ ‘ Yy Z {H$bm} ñ H$am§ g maIm d
Hy$nagmaIm ^m§S>dbXma dJ© {Z{íMVM {Z‘m©U Pmbm
AgVm. ^maVmV ’w$bodmXmÀ`m `m ‘mJm©Zo ^m§S>dbemhrMm
{dH$mg Pmbm AgVm Va eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVr-O‘mVtVyZ
{Z‘m© U Pmbo ë `m dJm© À `m; d dJ© ì `dñWm
Om{Vì`dñWoMo nmoQ> ’$mSy>Z ~mhoa Ambr AgVr.
Om{Vì`dñWoÀ`m àoVmda W`W` ZmMV OmË`§VH$
^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr H«$m§Vr XoemV g§nÞ Pmbr AgVr;
na§Vw AmOhr ’w$bodmXr OmË`§VH$ ^m§S>dbr bmoH$emhr
H«$m§VrnmgyZ AmnU H$mogmo Xya AmhmoV. ZdnoedmB©À`m
à{VH«$m§VrMm dmT>Vm AmH«$‘H$ AmdmH$m nmhVm d S>mì`m,
A~«m÷Ur N>mdUrVrb ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©Mm Hw$§ R>rV ~m¡{ÕH$
AmdmH$m nmhVm d¡Mm[aH$ H«$m§VrMr Anojm H$aUo
AeŠ`àm` Amho.
A°ÊQ>mo{ZAmo J«måer ZmdmMm VÎdkmZr ~w{ÕOrdr
dJm©~Ôb ~aoM H$mhr gm§JVmo. ^m§S>dbXma dJ© nJmar
~w{ÕOrdr dJ© ~miJVmo åhUyZ Ë`m§Mm {dH$mg hmoVmo,
Ago J« m åer åhUVmo . l{‘H$ dJm© b mhr H« $ m§ V r
H$aÊ`mgmR>r ~w{ÕOrdr dJm©Mr Amdí`H$Vm AgVo,
Agohr Vmo åhUVmo. eyÐm{VeyÐmVyZ {dÛmZ ~w{ÕOrdr
dJ© V`ma hmoÊ`mMr Amdí`H$Vm ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo
à{VnmXVmV. Vo ñnï>nUo gm§JVmV -
""...~irñWmZmVrb EH§$Xa eyÐm{VeyÐm§gh {^„,
H$moir dJ¡ao gd© bmoH$ {dÛmZ hmoD$Z {dMma H$aÊ`mbm`H$
hmoB©VmonmdoVmo Vo gd© gmaIo EH$‘` bmoH$ Pmë`m{edm`
Xoe (nation) hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr.....''
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 523)
{ó`m d eyÐm{VeyÐm§Zm {ejUmgmR>r emim, `m
emim§‘YyZ Om{VA§VmMo {ejU, eyÐ OmVrMo n§VmoOr,
gaH$mar ImË`mV eyÐm§gmR>r AmajU, ór-àmYmÝ`
`mgmR>r Vo Iyn AmJ«hr hmoVo. g§nyU© Am`wî`M Ë`m§Zr
{PO{dbo. Ë`m‘mJo Ë`m§Mm CÔoeM hm hmoVm H$s,
eyÐm{VeyÐm§Vrb àË`oH$ OmVrVyZ ~w{ÕOrdr dJ© {Z‘m©U
Pmbm nm{hOo. OmË`§VH$ {ejU KoD$Z V`ma Pmbobm
hmM ~w{ÕOrdr dJ© OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMo ZoV¥Ëd H$aob d
OmVr{dhrZ g‘VmdmXr EH$‘` Xoe {Z‘m©U H$aob,
`mMr Ë`m§Zm ImÌr hmoVr.
‘hmË‘m ’w$bo `m§Zr ‘m§S>bobm AmajUmMm {gÕm§V
H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho, H$maU Vmo AmH«$‘H$ hmoVm. AmVm
AmajUmMm Omo {gÕm§V g§{dYmZm‘m’©$V A‘bmV
AmUbm OmV Amho, Vmo ~MmdmË‘H$ Amho. ’w$ë`m§Mm
AmajU {gÕm§V ~MmdmË‘H$ ZgyZ AmH«$‘H$ H$gm
Amho, Vo nwT>rbà‘mUo nmhÿ `m -
""...^Q>~m« ÷Um§À`m g§»`mà‘mUmnojm H$m‘Jmam§À`m
OmñVr Zo‘UwH$m hmoD$ bmJë`m‘wio....^Q>~«m÷Umg
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 21
 OmVr^oXmnmgyZ AZ§V ’$m`Xo hmoVmV....`mñVd eyÐ
eoVH$è¶m§Mr ‘wbo gaH$mar hþÔo Mmb{dÊ`m bm`H$
hmoB©VmonmdoVmo ~«m÷Umg Ë`m§À`m OmVrÀ`m g§»`oÀ`m
‘mZmnojm gaH$mar hþX²ÚmÀ`m OmJm OmñVr XoD$ Z`oV d
~mH$s Caboë`m gaH$mar hþX²Úm§À`m OmJm ‘wgb‘mZ
AWdm qhXy {~«Q>Z bmoH$mg XoD$ bmJë`m{edm` Vo
(~«m÷U) eyÐ eoVH$è¶m§Mo {dÚoMo AmS> `oÊ`mMo gmoS>Uma
ZmhrV...''
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 331)
^Q>mÀ§ `m Xmñ`ËdmnmgyZ ‘wº$ hmoÊ`mgmR>r Cnm` H$m`,
Agm àíZ Ym|S>t~m `m§Zr {dMmaë`mda Cnm` gm§JVm§Zm
Vo CÎma XoVmV -
""Omo. - `mbm Cnm`, Amnë`m X`miy gaH$maZo
àW‘ ^Q> g‘mOmÀ`m g§»`mà‘mUo EH§$Xa gd© ImË`mV
^Q> H$m‘Jma Zo‘y Z`oV, Ago ‘mPo ‘V Zmhr. na§Vw
Ë`mMà‘mUmZo ~mH$s gd© OmVrMo H$m‘Jma ZM
{‘imë`mg gaH$maZo Ë`mEodOr ’$º$ `wamo{n`Z H$m‘Jma
Zo‘mdoV...''
(g‘J« dmL>²‘`, Cnamoº$, nmZ 186)
Om{VA§VmÀ`m Ñï>rZo AmOhr H«$m§{VH$maH$ Agbobm
OmV{Zhm` OZJUZoMm ‘wÔm gd©àW‘ ’w$ë`m§Zr ‘m§S>bm,
`mdê$Z Ë`m§Mo VÎdkmZ kmZr åhUyZ Agbobo Ðï>onU
g‘OyZ ¿`m`bm hdo. OmV{Zhm` OZJUZm KoVë`mZ§Va
Ë`mVyZ ~«m÷U OmVrMr bmoH$g§»`m H$mT>mdr d Ë`m§À`m
bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV ~«m÷Um§Zm gaH$mar ZmoH$è¶mV
AmajU Úmdo, Ago ñnï>nUo gm§JVmV. ~«m÷Um§Zm
Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV AmajU XoÊ`mMm hm
{gÕm§V IamoIaM H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho. Oa gd©àW‘
~«m÷Um§Zm AmajU {Xbo Jobo AgVo Va AmajUmdê$Z
X{bV {dê$Õ gdU© Ago Y¥drH$aU ~«m÷Um§Zm H$aVmM
Ambo ZgVo d XoemV Á`m Ag§»` OmVr` X§Jbr
Pmë`mV, Ë`m Pmë`mM ZgË`m. ~«m÷Um§Zm gd©àW‘
AmajU {Xë`m‘wio ^maVr` g‘mOmMo Y¥drH$aU ~«m÷U
{déÕ ~«m÷UoVa Ago Pmbo AgVo d Om{VA§VmgmR>r
22 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
ho Y¥drH$aU H«$m§{VH$maH$ R>aUmao hmoV.o ~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa
Y¥drH$aUm‘wio ~«m÷Um§Mm ~«m÷UoVam§darb gm§ñH¥${VH$
d Ym{‘©H$ à^md H$‘r Pmbm AgVm d ~«m÷UoVam§Mo
A~«m÷UrH$aU H$aUo gmono Pmbo AgVo. Ë`m‘wio
OmË`§VmÀ`m Ñï>rZo "~«m÷Um§Zm gd©àW‘ AmajU' hm
’w$ë`m§Mm {gÕm§V H«$m§{VH$maH$ R>aVmo. EH$ H«$m§{VH$maH$
VÎdkmZr åhUyZ ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Mo Ðï>onU `mdê$Z
bjmV `oV.o
‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§À`m Cnamoº$ CÕaUmVyZ AmUIr
EH$ ‘hÎdmMm ‘wÔm nwT>o `oVmo. eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVtZmhr
Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV AmajU {Xbo nm{hOo,
Agm ’w$ë`m§Mm AmJ«h Amho. na§Vw Ë`mH$mimV eyÐm{VeyÐ
OmVt‘Ü`o {ejUmMo à‘mU H$‘r Agë`m‘wio Ë`m§À`m
bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV bm`H$ C‘oXdma eyÐm{VeyÐ
OmVrVyZ {‘iUma ZmhrV, `mMr nyaonya OmUrd ‘hmË‘m
’w$b|Zm hmoVr. åhUyZ Vo AË`§V {ZjyZ gm§JVmV H$s,
"eyÐm{VeyÐ OmVrMo bmoH$ bm`H$ hmoB©VmonmdoVmo Ë`m§À`m
{hññ`mÀ`m gaH$mar hþX²Úm§À`m OmJm ‘wgb‘mZ AWdm
B§J«Omg Úmì`mV, na§Vw Ë`m OmJm ~«m÷Um§g XoD$ Z`oV.
~«m÷Um§Zm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmnojm EH$hr
OmñVrMr gaH$mar ZmoH$ar XoD$ Z`o, Ago gm§JÊ`m‘mJo
’w$ë`m§Mm H$m` CÔoe hmoVm? AWm©VM ZmoH$aemhrMo
nyU©nUo A~«m÷UrH$aU H$aUo, hmM ‘w»` CÔoe hmoVm.
{~«{Q>e ^maVmV d ñdV§Ì ^maVmV ZmoH$aemhrVrb
~«m÷Um§Mo à‘mU ho 90 Q>³³¶m§nojm OmñV am{hbobo
Amho, Ago Amnë`mbm ‘§S>b Am`moJmMm Ahdmb
gm§JVmo. ~«m÷UrH$aUmZo AmoVàmoV ^aboë`m ZmoH$aemhrZo
nwamoJm‘r d OmË`§VH$ H$m`Úm§Mr A‘b~OmdUr
àm‘m{UH$nUo H$YrM hmoD$ {Xbr Zmhr. ‘hmË‘m
’w$ë`m§Mm hmM {gÕm§V S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
Amnë`mbm A{YH$ ñnï> H$ê$Z gm§JVmV -
...Whether the principle of equal justice is
effective or not must necessarily depend upon the
nature and character of the civil services who must
be left to administer the principle. If the civil service
is by reason of its class bias the friend of the
Established Order and the enemy of the new order,
the new order can never come into being. That a
civil service in tune with new order was essential
for the success of the new order was recognized
by Karl Marx in 1871 in the formation of the Paris
Commune and adopted by Lenin in the constitution
of Soviet Communism...
( Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar: Writing and
Speeches, Vol.-5, page- 104)
~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a nwT>o AZoH$ CXmhaUo XoD$Z
{gÕ H$aVmV H$s, ^maVmMr ZmoH$aemhr hr {X„rnmgyZ
J„rn`ªV nyU©nUo CƒOmVr` åhUOo ~«m÷Ur Amho.
""~«m÷Um§Zm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m à‘mUmV àW‘
AmajU'' hm ‘hmË‘m ’w$ë`m§Mm H«$m§{VH$maH$ {gÕm§V
~m~mgmho ~ m§ Z r H$m° ‘ « o S > bo Z rZà‘mUo amÁ`KQ> Z o V
ñdrH$mabm AgVm Va, H$Xm{MV ZmoH$aemhrMo nyU©
A~«m÷UrH$aU Pmbo AgVo d AmO ^maVmV noedmB©Mo
nwZamJ‘Z Pmbo ZgVo.
‘amR>m ZoË`m§‘i
w o EH$sH$S>o ~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa OmVr`
Y¥drH$aU b`mg OmV AgVmZm XwgarH$S>o ~m~mgmho~
Am§~oS>H$am§Zr qhXy ZmdmZo Ym{‘©H$ Y¥drH$aU CMbyZ
Yabo. Añn¥í`m§Mo àíZ ‘m§S>V AgVm§Zm Vo gmVË`mZo
eÌyMr AmoiI qhXy åhUyZ H$ê$Z XoVmV. g§emoYZ
H$aVmZm Ë`m§À`m boIZmV ~è¶mM {R>H$mUr Vo ~«m÷U
d ~«m÷Ur ¶m g§H$ënZm ‘m§S>VmV, na§Vw amOH$s`
bT>çm‘Ü`o Ë`m§Zr qhXy g§H$ënZm dmnê$Z Ym{‘©H$
Y¥drH$aUM CMbyZ Yabo. Ë`m‘wio XmoZ Xwîn[aUm‘
Pmbo. ~m~mgmho~m§Zm ñdV…bm XmoñV åhUyZ Ano{jV
Agbobm Amo~rgr nwÝhm qhXy åhUyZ ~«m÷Um§À`m
N>mdUrV T>H$bbm Jobm. Xwgam Xwîn[aUm‘ Agm Pmbm
H$s, Ë`mM H$mimV ñWmnZ Pmboë`m amï´>r` ñd`§godH$
g§KmMo qhXy g§KQ>ZmMo H$m‘ gmono Pmbo. ‘mÌ `mM
H$mimV Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o `mÀ`m AJXr gwbQ> KQ>Zm
KS>V hmoË`m. Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb no[a`maH¥$V ~«m÷U{damoYr
MidirMo ZoV¥Ëd gwédmVrnmgyZM Amo~rgr OmVtH$S>o
Agë`mZo VoWo ’w$bodmXmbm H$moUVmhr XJm’$Q>H$m hmoD$
eH$bm Zmhr.
Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb no[a`ma ñHy$b‘YyZ Oo Amo~rgr d
~hþOZ ZoVo V`ma Pmbo, Vo gÎmoV Amë`mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr
’w$bodmXmMr ‘ybVÎdo ‘moR>çm à‘mUmV A‘bmV
AmUÊ`mMo H$m‘ Ho$bo. gÎmm hmVr `oVmM Ë`m§Zr gd©
A-~«m÷Ur OmVr-O‘mVtZm Ë`m§À`m bmoH$g§»`oÀ`m
à‘mUmV AmajU {Xbo, Ë`m‘wio ZmoH$aemhrVrb A-
~«m÷U OmVtMo à‘mU dmT>bo. Ë`m§Zr ~«m÷Um§Zm Oar
AmajU {Xbo Zmhr Var ZmoH$aemhrVrb ~«m÷Um§Mr
Q>¸o$dmar 3 Q>³³¶m§nojm A{YH$ hmoUma Zmhr, `mMr
H$miOr KoVbr. ZmoH$aemhrVrb ~«m÷Um§Mo à‘mU 3
Q>³³¶m§nojm OmñV hmoD$ Z`o åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr g§K-
^mOnmÀ`m H|$Ð gaH$maZo ~Z{dbobm Am{W©H$ÑîQ>çm
Xþ~b© g‘yhm§gmR>r (EWS) 10 Q>¸$o AmajUmMm H$m`Xm
Vm‘riZmSy>V am~{dbm Zmhr. H$maU 10 Q>¸$o CƒOmVr`
AmajUmMm ’$m`Xm KoD$Z Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb ~«m÷U
ZmoH$aemhrVrb Amnbr Q>¸$o dmar dmT>dy eH$VmV. `mMm
’$Q>H$m Vm‘riZmSy>V Amo~rgtÀ`m ZoVË¥ dmImbr Pmboë`m
"A~« m ÷Ur H« $ m§ V rbm' ~gy eH$Vmo , åhUy Z M
Vm‘riZmSy>À`m A~«m÷Ur emgZmZo g§K-^mOnmÀ`m
H|$Ð gaH$maMm Am{W©H$ Xþ~i© m§gmR>r AmajUmMm H$m`Xm
am~dm`bm ZH$ma {Xbm Amho.
Vm‘riZmSy>‘Yrb A~«m÷Ur H«$m§VrMo Oo {díbofU
da Ho$bobo Amho, Ë`mdê$Z Agm J¡ag‘O hmoD$ eH$Vmo
H$s, Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o OmË`§VH$ H«$m§Vr nyU© Pmbr AgyZ
VoWo Om{Vì`dñWm Zï> Pmbobr Amho. Agm J¡ag‘O
Hw$Ur H$ê$Z KoD$ Z`o. Vm‘riZmSy> dJiVm BVa
amÁ`m§‘Ü`o ~«m÷Ur N>mdUr AmO Á`m CÝ‘mXmZo gÎmoda
Agë`mgmaIr {‘adrV Amho, Vo nmhVm Vm‘riZmSy>‘Ü`o
~«m÷Ur N>mdUr nam^yVVoMo d AË`§V ‘mZhmZrMo OrdZ
OJVo Amho. AmOhr Vm‘riZmSy>‘Yrb Amo~rgtÀ`m
ZoV¥ËdmImbrb A~«m÷Ur N>mdUr VmR> ‘mZoZo AmH«$‘H$
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 23
 ñdê$nmV ~«m÷UdmÚm§g‘moa AmìhmZ åhUyZ C^r Amho.
hr ~m~ {Z{íMVM H«$m§{VH$maH$ Amho. BVa amÁ`mVrb
S>mì`m, nwamoJm‘r d ’w$bo-Am§~So >H$ar MiditZr {H$‘mZ
Vm‘riZmSy>BVH$m Var H«$m§VrMm Q>ßnm JmR>bm nm{hOo d
Ë`mgmR>r OmVr¶ A{^{Zdo e ~mOy b m R>o D $Z
Vm‘riZmSy>À`m Amo~rgr ZoV¥ËdmH$Sy>Z H$mhr {eH$bo
nm{hOo.
Vm‘riZmSy>Vrb hr A~«m÷Ur H«$m§Vr ZH$mamË‘H$
H$m`©H«$‘mda C^r Amho. Ho$di ~«m÷U{damoY EdT>çm
EH$mM H$m`©H«$‘mÀ`m AmYmao Om{Vì`dñWm g‘yi Zï>
H$aUmar H«$m§Vr hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr. à~moYZmÀ`m nmVirda
Am‘ybmJ« ‘yë` n[adV©Z KS>dyZ AmUUmar d¡Mm[aH$
H«$m§Vr hmoUo JaOoMo Amho. Ë`mgmo~VM O‘rZrMo
’o$admQ>nmgmaIo OmË`§VH$ H«$m§{VH$maH$ H$m`©H«$‘ hmVr
KoUo Amdí`H$ Amho. Ë`mgmR>r Ho$di ‘mŠg©, ~wÕ,
’w$bo, Am§~oS>H$a hr VÎdkmZo nwaoer ZmhrV. H$maU
~«m÷Ur N>mdUrZo hr gd© VÎdkmZo Ho$ìhmM {ZH$m‘r
nrnëg ~wH$ hmD$g
‘ohoa hmD$g, H$mdgOr nQ>ob ñQ´>rQ>,
’$moQ>©, ‘w§~B©
Xÿ. 022 2667815
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¶w{ZH$ A°H°$S>‘r, XodrXmg AmH}$S>, n§MdQ>r Mm¡H$, ‘moeu amoS>,
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24 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
Ho$bobr AmhoV. ~XbË`m n[apñWVrZwgma ~«m÷UdmX
Ogm {dH${gV hmoV AgVmo, Ë`mMà‘mUo Amnë`mbmhr
Amnë`m VÎdkmZmMm {dH$mg Ho$bm nm{hOo. ho H$m‘
eaX nmQ>rb `m§Zr "gm¡Ìm§{VH$ ‘mŠg©dmX' `m Zì`m
VÎdkmZmÀ`m ‘m§S>UrVyZ Ho$bobo Amho. AWm©V AmOÀ`m
S>mì`m, nwamoJm‘r d ’w$bo-Am§~oS>H$admXr ZoVo-
H$m`©H$Ë`mªMm ~m¡{ÕH$ AmdmH$m ~KVm Ë`m§Zr VyV©
Vm‘riZmSy>Mm ’w$bodmXr A~«m÷Ur H«$m§VrMm n°Q>Z©
ñdrH$mê$Z MidirMm EH$ nwT>Mm Q>ßnm JmR>mdm. nwT>Mm
OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMm Q>ßnm nwT>À`m {nT>rda gmondyZ XoUo
`mo½` R>aob! {H$‘mZ nwT>À`m {nT>rgmR>r Var AmO
AmnU Vm‘riZmSy> n°Q>Z© ñdrH$mam¶bm hdm d nwT>À`m
{nT>rgmR>r OmË`§VH$ H«$m§VrMm ‘mJ© gwH$a H$am¶bm
hdm!
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("’w$bodmXmMr ‘ybVÎdo Am{U Ë`m§Mr àñVwVVm' `m lmdU
Xodao `m§À`m AmJm‘r nwñVH$mVrb g§nm{XV A§e)
h[aVr ~wH$ J°bar
XþH$mZ Z§. 1, ݶy AmXe© H$m°bZr,
bmVya-413 531
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XÎm H$m°bZr, OiJmd-425001
Xÿ. 0257-2239666
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538 A, e{Zdma noR>, {H$~o bú‘r {WEQ>ag‘moa,
Aßnm ~id§V Mm¡H$,
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 {deof Vwåhr EImXm {dMma H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$am. Vw‘À`m bjmV `oB©b
H$s, AmnU Amnë`m ^mfoV {dMma H$aV AmhmoV. Amnbo AmH$bZ
ho ^mfoVyZM hmoV AgV§. g{na-dm°’©$ J¥hrVH$XoIrb hoM gm§JV§.
JmoS>mXoIrb ^mfoVyZ {dMma H$am`Mm, ’$aH$ BVH§$M H$s, Vmo
{MÌnQ> ^mfoVyZ {dMma H$am`Mm. Am{U Vr ^mfmXoIrb {MÌnQ>mMr
O± ë¶y JmoS>m - àM{bV qH$dm à‘mU ^mfm Zìho Va Ë`mZo Cgdbobr, ~Zdbobr,
nwZa©MZm Ho$bobr ^mfm!
{MÌnQ>mMr drU `m ^mfoV Vmo ‘m§S>Ur H$am`Mm, ‘ZZ H$am`Mm, qMVZ H$am`Mm,
{bImU H$am`MMm, dmX H$am`Mm, Am{U {dV§S> dmXXoIrb H$am`Mm
CgdUmam ({dV§S> dmX åhUOo Oo à‘o` nwT>o ImoQ>o R>aob Vo ‘wÔm‘yZ ‘m§S>Uo.)
JmoS>mbm {MÌnQ> ho gd© H$mhr hmoV§. XmoZ eãXm§V Vmo åhUyZ Jobm`
{X½Xe©H$ Only Cinema! ~«o»VM§ E{nH$ {WEQ>a Am{U Am§Ðo ~mPm `m§Mm
"Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m' `m XmoÝhr g§H$ënZmZr JmoS>m à^m{dV Amho, ~«o»V
`m§M§ alienation (A{báVm) V§Ì Vmo {MÌnQ>mV gX¡d dmnaVmo ‘mÌ
‘oKZmX ~mPm `m§Mm Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m, Ë`mVrb dmñVdXe©Z ho g‘OmdyZ KoD$Z
Hw$iH$Uu Ë`m nmgyZ "H$bQr>' ‘maVmo. Ë`mMm Q>moQ>b {gZo‘m hm doJim hmoVm.
{MÌnQ>mMr {MÝh ‘r‘m§gm (film semiotics), Am{U à{V‘m (image)
`m ~m~VrV ñdV…Mm Agm Img Ñ{ï>H$moZ KoD$Z JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ>
C^m R>mH$Vmo. Vmo Vwåhmbm AmìhmZ H$aV AgVmo, hm {MÌnQ> g‘OmdyZ
KoÊ`mM§ "S>oA[a¨J' Vwåhr H$amM! hm {MÌnQ> nmhVmZm Vwåhr H$mhrhr
"’«$| M Ý`y doìh' `m {MÌnQ>- J¥hrV Yê$ eH$V Zmhr, {gZo‘mMr Hw$R>brhr àM{bV ^mfm qH$dm
MidirMo EH$ àUoVo Á`±§ ë¶y "ì`mH$aU' Vw‘À`m H$m‘r `oV Zmhr. JmoS>m EH$ {R>H$mUr åhUVmo Ë`m
à‘mUo bmb Am{U {Zù`m {ZAm°Z gmB©Z‘Ü`o Aja§ {XgVmV OrdZ'
JmoS>m `m§Mo 13 gßQ>~| a 2022 {gZo‘m'! JmoS>mMm {gZo‘m hm Cƒ{e{jV {gZo‘m Amho. Ë`mV VÎdkmZ,
amoOr d`mÀ`m 91ì`m dfu gm{hË`, g‘mOemó, amOH$maU, g§JrV, ^mfmemó, {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm
pñdËPab§S>‘Ü`o {ZYZ Pmbo. `m§Mo ‘w~bH$ g§X^© `oVmV. Vo Á`m§Zm H$iVmV Ë`m§ZmM H$iVmV.
`mV {dQ>JÝo ñQ>mB©ZgmaIm ^mfmVÁk, {’«$Q²O bm±JgmaIm {gZo-{X½Xe©H$,
Ë`m§Zr BÀN>m‘aU nËH$abo. ‘moPmQ>©, {~Wm°doZ gmaIo g§JrVmVrb "CñVmX', ‘mŠg©, ‘mAmo ¶m§gmaIo
˶m§À¶m H$ma{H$XuMm KoVbobm amOH$maU-VÁk Am{U BVa AZoH$ ‘hÎdmMo ‘yb^yV {dMmad§V `m§Mo
AmT>mdm ZwgVo C„oIM ZmhrV Va Ë`mMr CY¥VoXoIrb `oVmV. H$Yr nmÌm§À`m
Vm|Sy>Z Va H$Yr ñdV§Ì AmdmOmV. Ë`m‘wio JmoS>m ~KVmZm Vwåhr
boIH$ ‘w§~B©{Zdmgr AgyZ Om{hamV joÌmer g§~§{YV
AmhoV VgoM {’$ë‘{Z‘m©Vo, {gZog‘rjH$ Am{U
H$Yrhr S>moH§$ ~mhoa R>odyZ {gZo‘m-J¥hmV {eê$ eH$V Zmhr. ~mhoa EH$
H$WmH$ma AmhoV. AÑí` {ZAm°Z gmB©Z AgVo. YmoH$m (H$dQ>r Am{U XmoZ hmS>m§gH$Q>)
eureka.publicity.mk@gmail.com AmV Joë`mda JmoS>m Vw‘À`m ‘|Xybm MmbZm XoVmo, Ë`mbm {‘Šga‘Ü`o
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 25
 Q>mHy$Z JamJam {’$adVmo, Ë`mMm ^oOm ’«$m` H$aVmo,
Ë`mda ’$moS>Ur XoVmo, Y¸o$, em°Šg XoVmo, {MÌnQ> ~KyZ
Vwåhr ~mhoa `oVm Voìhm Vwåhr Jmob Jmob {’$adë¶mda
^mo d i `o V o Ë`m à‘mUo {^a{^abo b o AgVm.
{MÌnQ>{df`H$ Vw‘Mr gd© J¥hrVo CbQ>r gwbQ>r Pmbobr
AgVmV, AmVyZ ~mhoê$Z T>diyZ {ZKmbobr AgVmV.
nU Z§Va Vwåhr {dMma H$aVm Am{U AmnU H$mhr
‘yb^yV Am{U ‘hÎdmM§ n{hbo Amho `mMr Vwåhmbm
ImÌr nQ>Vo.
JmoS>m‘Ü`o AZoH$ {damoYm^mg AmhoV, (Am{U Vo
Vmo H$YrM H$mTy>Z Q>mH$V Zmhr. CbQ> Ë`mMr nwZñWm©nZmM
H$aVmo ) . ‘mÂ`m ‘Vo ‘w » ` {damo Y m^mg åhUOo
(VmpÎdH$ÑîQ>çm) Á`m Cƒm[aV ^mfobm Vmo VmoH$S>r
g‘OVmo VrM Ë`mbm dmnamdr bmJVo. ^mfm hr VH$bmXy
(Arbitrary) Amho. "nmUr' hm eãX Am{U nmUr hr
"dñVw' `m§Mm WoQ> H$mhrhr g§~§Y Zmhr. Ob, CXH$,
dm°Q>a Aem AZoH$ {MÝhm§Ûmao nmUr hr "dñVw' {ZX}{eV
H$aVm `oVo. Ñí`mMo qH$dm à{V‘m§Mo Vgo Zmhr, nmÊ`mMo
Ñí` WoQ> nmUr XmIdVo, ñWb-H$mi-AdH$me `m
gdm©g{hV.
JmoS>m åhUVmo Am{U Ë`mMr Ver R>m‘ YmaUm Amho
H$s, "à{V‘m ’$º$ à{V‘m Amho' Am{U `m YmaUonmgyZ
Vmo Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mV Hw$R>ohr T>iV Zmhr. åhUOo
Vw‘À`m bjmV `oV§` H$m?Vmo Ñí`mbm, imagebm,
^mfoà‘mUo Arbitrary ~ZdV Amho. {MÌnQ>mMr H$dM
Hw§$S>bo Vmo AmnUhÿZ XmZ H$aV Amho. ‘r Oo åhUoZ Vo
{MÌnQ> hmoD$ eH$Vmo Agm AmË‘{dídmg Am{U Jw‘u
Ë`mÀ`mV R>mgyZ ^abobr Amho.
JmoS>m EH$Xm OmhranUo åhUmbm hmoVm, ‘moPog hm
‘mPm ‘yi eÌy Amho, H$maU Ë`mZo H$mhr Abm¡{H$H$
Ñí`o ~{KVbr, nU Z§Va Ë`mZo Vr Ñí`o eãXm§V Am{U
Ajam§V (Text) ‘m§S>Ê`mMr MyH$ Ho$br.
ho AWm©V Ë`mZo Ab§H$m[aH$ ^mfoV åhQ>bo hmoVo.
nU EH$m boIH$mZo Vo eãXe… KoVbo, BVa bmoH$m§Zr Vo
26 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
quote Ho$bo Am{U JmoS>mda Á`y Ûoï>m Agë`mMo Amamon
Pmbo. Ë`mV H$mhrhr VÏ` ZìhVo. Ñí` à{V‘m eãXm§{H$V
Ho$br H$s Iam AW©, ‘‘© J‘mdyZ ~gVo Ago Ë`mbm
åhUm`Mo hmo V o . H$mhrg§ {dQ>Jo Ý ñQ>mB© Z à‘mUo !
{dS>JrZñQ>mBZMr "Picture theory Am°’$ language
qH$dm Language Games theory à{gÕM Amho. eãX
{MÌ C^§ H$aVmV Am{U {dMma, {MÌ Am{U ^mfm
`mMr aMZm ( structure ) EH$M AgVo . `m
{dQ>JoÝñQ>mB©ZÀ`m {dMmam§Zm JmoS>m C^m N>oX XoVmo. Ë`mM§
{MÌ ho ’$º$ {MÌ AgV§ Am{U Vo doJir "^mfm',
"n[a^mfm' (Vocabulary) KoD$Z `oV§. H$Yr H$Yr
(åhUOo ~è`mM doim) nS>Úmda EoH$y `oUmè`m ^mfonj o m
doJim qH$dm CbQ> AW© {MÌ XmIdV AgV§.
JmoS>m Xw~m}Y H$m hmoVmo? H$maU Vmo AZoH$ language
games' EH$mM doir IoiV AgVmo. Language-games
åhUOo {d{eï> g§X^© KoD$Z Ambobr ^mfm. nmUr hm
eãX Cƒmabm Va Vmo Hw$R>ë`m g§X^m©V `mbm ‘hÎd
Amho. A{¾em‘H$ XbmZo Cƒabobm "nmUr', ñd`§nmH$
KamV Cƒmabobm "nmUr', nyaJ«ñV ‘mUgmZo Cƒabobm
"nmUr' `mMm g§X^© Am{U AW© doJim Amho. X¡Z§{XZ
OrdZmMr ^mfm emór` ^mfonojm doJir Amho.
~w{Õ~imMr ^mfm, VÎdkmZmMr ^mfm, J{UVmMr ^mfm
ho {^Þ "language Games' AmhoV. ‘r gwVmamH$S>o
EH$ KZ Solid bmH$S>mMm VwH$S>m ‘m{JVbm Va Vmo
H$mTy>Z XoB©b, AUy emók åhUob hm nmoH$i Amho,
gd© AUy aoUw `m§nmgyZ ~Zbobo Amho, gm°{bS> Ag§
H$mhrM Zmhr. Va ho ì`mdhm[aH$ÑîQ>çm Xw~m}Y Amho.
JmoS>m BVŠ`m doJdoJù`m àm§Vm§VZy (Disciplines) g§X^©
XoVmo H$s, Zo‘Ho$nUmZo AW© bmJV Zmhr.(Am{U Zo‘H§$
hoM Ë`mbm A{^àoV AgV§.) JmoS>mM§ dmMZ A’$mQ>
Amho. {dQ>JÝo ñQ>mB©Z, bodr-óm°g, `mH$mo~gZ Ago VÎdk
Ë`mZo nMdbobo AmhoV. Ooåg Om°Bg, Om° OoZo, ~oHo$Q>
Ago boIH$, ZmQ>H$H$ma Ë`mbm ’$maM OdiMo AmhoV.
{~Wm°dZo , ‘moPmQ>© `m§À¶m g§JrVmMr b‚mV Ë`mZo KoVbobr
Amho. nU EImXm {MÌH$ma n°bQo > KoD$Z a§Jm§Mr ga{‘gi
H$aVmo Ë`mà‘mUo JmoS>m `m gdmªMr ga{‘gi H$aVmo.
Ë`mbm Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ "gd© H$mhr' H$am`M§
Amho. X¡Z{§ XZ g§dmXmV JmoS>m VÎdkmZmMr ^mfm dmnaVmo.
gmÜ`m àg§JmZm amOH$s` "Sy>~' XoVmo. Aem doJdoJù`m
àm§VmVrb Language Games Vmo gVV dmnaV AgVmo.
Ë`m‘wio AZoH$Xm Ë`mÀ`m dmQ>b o m Or AdhobZm Ambobr
Amho , Vr ‘amR>r gm{hpË`H$/gm§ ñ H¥ $ {VH$
H$ÐznUmbmXoIrb
bmOdob Aer Amho.
OmJ{VH$ H$bm
g§ñH¥$Vr Iar Va g{hîUy
Amho. H$bmH$ma {H$Vrhr
doJio H$aV Agbm Var
Vo g‘Omdy Z Ko Ê `mMr
àd¥Îmr {VÀ`mV Amho.
b¢{JH$VoÀ`m ‘wX²Úmdê$Z
dmX Pmbobo AmhoV. nU
hr H$bmM Zmhr Agm gya H$Yr H$mT>bobm {XgV
Zmhr. JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ> {MÌnQ>M Zmhr åhUUo,
BVŠ`mda g‘rjH$ Wm§~bobo ZmhrV Va Vmo H$Mam,
Q´°e Amho BWn`ªV Ë`m§Mr ‘Ob Jobobr Amho. ho
AË`§V AÝ`m`H$maH$ Amho. ‘wimV Omo {X½Xe©H$
{gZo‘mMr ^mfmM Am‘ybmJ« ~Xbm`bm {ZKmbm Amho,
Ë`mbm {gZo‘mMr ^mfm H$ibobr Zmhr Agm Amamon
H$aU§ hm ZwgVm Ag{hîUynUm Zmhr Va VÔZ ‘yI©nUm
Amho. Am{U `mM§ H$maU EH$M! nma§n[aH$ {gZo‘mÀ`m
Mm¡H$Q>rV, ^mfoV Am{U ì`mH$aUmV JmoS>mMm {MÌnQ>
~gV Zmhr.
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m ^mfo~Ôb JmoS>mZo H$m` Ho$b§? Ooåg
Om°Bg `mZo Amnë`m "`w{b{gg' Am{U "’$sZoJZg
doH$' `m H$mX§~è`mVyZ Ho$b§ Vg§M! Om°Bg Amnë`m
H$mX§~è`mVyZ g§kmàdmhr ^mfm dmnaVmo. aMZm,
{dam‘{MÝho `m§Zm nyU© ’$mQ>m XoVmo. ‘ZmV `oVmV Vgo
{dMma ‘m§S>Vmo, Ë`mbm ~m§YogwX ñdê$n XoÊ`mMm à`ËZ
H$aV Zmhr. Om°Bg qH$dm JmoS>m ¶m§gmaIr ‘mUg§ Ooìhm
ñdV…Mr Aer EH$ ^mfm, n[a^mfm V`ma H$aV AgVmV
Voìhm AmYr Vmo à`ËZ g‘OmdyZ KoUo ‘hÎdmMo AgVo.
àma§^r H$R>rU OmVo, Ë`m "H«o$Amob' gmÑí` ^mfoer
PJS>mdo bmJVo. nU EH$Xm Vwåhr Ë`m ì`yhaMZoV AmV
Kwgbm H$s, hiy hiy Ë`mMr "CnO' hmoV OmVo.
Hw$R>bmhr boIH$, VÎdk (H$m§Q>, Mm°‘ñH$s, B©.) H$mhr
‘yb^yV Zdr àUmbr XoVmo
Voìhm nma§n[aH$ YmaUm§Mr
Amnë`mbm àW‘
AS>MUM hmo V o . nU
Varhr Vmo IwÔ ‘mUyg WoQ>
dmMë`mZo Amnë`mbm
OmñV H$iVmo .
(Mm°‘ñH$s qH$dm H$m§Q>
¶m§ À ¶mda ‘amR>rVy Z
{b{hbob§ dmMÊ`mnojm
Vo WoQ> dmMU§ A§{V‘V… OmñV gmon§ Amho.)
{MÌnQ> ^mfo~Ôb JmoS>mZo H$m` Ho$bo? ho g‘OyZ
KoÊ`mgmR>r Amnë`mbm thermodynamics ‘Yrb
entropyMr g§H$ënZm Cn`moJr nS>ob. Entropy hm
àUmbr, {gñQ>‘‘Yrb {dñH$irVnUmMm {ZX}em§H$
Amho. {OVH$m {dñH$irVnUm OmñV VodT>m Entropy
OmñV! {dMma H$am EH$m {ÌH$moUr H$mMoÀ`m ~m°Šg‘Ü`o
Imbr H$mio Am{U da nm§T>ao M|Sy> ì`dpñWV aMyZ
R>do bobo AmhoV. {ÌH$moUmMo Q>mHo $ daVr Amho gmh{OH$M
nm`mnmgyZ Q>moH$mn`ªV CVa§S> {Z‘wiVr hmoV OmVo. hr
EH$ gyÌ~Õ, hm‘m}{Z`g àUmbr Amho. AmVm Ë`mbm
Vwåhr {OVHo$ Y¸o$ Úmb VodT>o nm§T>ao Am{U H$mio M|Sy>
{dñH$irV hmoV OmVrb, Am{U H$Xm{MV EH$ nm§T>am
M|Sy> Am{U XmoZ H$mio M|Sy> EH$m am§JoV Aer Zdr nU
g§`w{º$H$ aMZm hmoB©b, {OVHo$ Y¸o$ A{YH$ Úmb
VodT>m {dñH$irVnUm Am{U entropy dmT>V OmB©b.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 27
 A§{V‘V… Jm|YimMr (Chaos) n[apñWVr {Z‘m©U hmoD$ nS>VmV. Vmo Pmonbm Var Ë`mMo {dMma ZQ>r gm§JVo.
eH$Vo. XmoÝhr ^mJmV ‘w~bH$ gm{hpË`H$, VmpÎdH$, amOH$s`
JmoS>m Ago Y¸o$ {MÌnQ> ^mfoVyZ XoVmoM nU Vmo g§X^© AmhoV. ‘oar eobr Amho, amoS>mÀ° `m qWH$a {eënmMo
{ÌH$moUmMr CVa§S> (Paradigm) M¸$ CbQ>r H$ê$Z C„oI AmhoV, ‘mAmoÀ`m amOH$s` {dMmagaUrMm
Q>mH$Vmo. {ÌH$moUmM§ Q>moH$ Imbr H$ê$Z Q>mH$Vmo. D$hmnmoh Amho. Am{U BVahr ‘w~bH$ g§X^© AmhoV.
EH$‘oH$m§g‘moa `oUmè`m Ñí¶m‘Ü`o EH$ ñdm^m{dH$, Jmoï> H$m`? (JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mZm ê$T> AWm©Zo Jmoï>
g‘m§Va gmIir`wº$ (Syntagmatic) g§~§Y AgVmV qH$dm ßbm°Q> Agm ZgVmoM,) Varhr gm§Jm`M§ Pmb§ Va
Ë`mbmM Vmo N>oX XoVmo, Am{U Ë`mbm Cä`m CVa§S>rÀ`m Jmoï>rMm gm§JmS>m Agm gm§JVm `oB©b : b¾ Pmbobr
g§~§YmMo (Paradigmatic) ñdê$n XoVmo. H$Yr H$Yr ~mB© Am{U EH$Q>m nwéf ^oQ>VmV, ào‘mV nS>VmV, EH$
dmQy>Z OmV§ H$s JmoS>mbm àojH$mer g§dmX Var gmYm`Mm nwñVH$mM§ XwH$mZ H$mT>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV, nmÌ
Amho H$m? qH$dm {dg§dmX Var gmYm`Mm Amho H$m? AXbm~Xb hmoD$Z `oV,§ gmoëPo{ZpËgZM§ nwñVH$ Gulag
H$m ‘wimV Agm g§dmX ‘Zwî`mV eŠ` Zmhr, ‘mZdr Archipelago ~°Z Ho$b§ nm{hOo åhUVmo. OmoS>nr ^m§S>VmV,
AdñWm, kmZ, J«hUeº$s "Ho$AmoQ>rH$' Amho hoM Xya OmVmV nwÝhm EH$Ì `oVmV, ~mB©Mm Zdam Cabmgwabm
Ë`mbm R>gdm`Mo Amho . nU `m nQ> CYiyZ bmdVmo, ào‘rH$mMm IyZ hmoVmo. nwZíM har
{dñH$irVnUm‘Ü`oXoIrb EH$ g§JVr AmhoM. "There Amo‘, AmbQ>mnmbQ>rM§ MH«$ Mmby amhV§. {’$ë‘ XmoZ
is a method in his madness' ^mJmV {d^mJbobr Amho 1. {ZgJ© (Nature) 2.
‘mZdr ^mfoMm g§^mfUmgmR>r qH$dm nañnag§~§Y, Ab§H$¥ V (Metaphor) XmoZ ^mJ gVV AmbQy>ZnmbQy>Z
dmñVd g‘OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>rMm VmoH$S>onUm XmIdUmar `oV amhVmV, Am{U doJimM AW© doJioM g§X^© Üd{ZV
Good Bye language hr {’$ë‘ Jmo S > m Zo Ë`mÀ`m H$aVmV. "g§^«‘' hm {MÌnQ>mMm ñWm`r ^md Amho.
H$ma{H$XuÀ`m eodQ>r eodQ>r 2014‘Ü`o H$mT>br. EH$m {Vgam ^mJ Amho Epilogue : memory/Historical
dmŠ`mV gm§Jm`M§ Va Zdam Am{U ~m`H$mo `m§À`mVrb Misfortune. am°Šgr Hw$Ìm nwÝhm Kar Ambobm Amho.
^mfoMm {dg§dmX `mVyZ {XgVmo. Zdam Am{U ~m`H$mo Amam‘mV H$moMda Pmonbm`, {Zdo{XH$m Ë`mMo {dMma
Xmo Z do J ù`mM Language Games ‘Yrb ^mfm Amnë`mbm gm§JVo. Hw$Í`mÀ`m ^w§H$Ê`mda Am{U VmÝøm
~mobVmhoV. H$m` ~mobVmV Vo EH$‘oH$m§Zm H$iVM ‘w b mÀ`m aS> Ê `mÀ`m AmdmOmda {’$ë‘ g§ n Vo .
Zmhr. Ë`m§À`m Hw$Í`mbm interpreterMo H$m‘ H$amd§ Amnë`mbm {‘imbobr Eo{Vhm{gH$ ñ‘aUeº$s ho
bmJV Amho. ({MÌnQ>mV JmoS>mMm Hw$Ìm am°Šgr `mM§ IamoIaM XwX£d Am{U g§ñH¥$VrMr emoH$m§{VH$m Amho.
H$m‘ Amho. Am{U Ë`mbm `m H$m‘mgmR>r Am§Vaamï´>r` ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$Vr (Civilization) Zída Amho Am{U
H$mZ ’o$pñQ>dbM§ ~jrgXoIrb {‘imb§ Amho.) hm {gZo‘mXoIrb Ë`mV `oVmo, hm {dMma dma§dma JmoS>mÀ`m
Hw$Ìm eha Am{U Jmd Agm ^Q>H$V amhVmo. Am{U {MÌnQ>mV `oVmo Am{U Ë`mbm ‘wimnmgyZ hmXê$Z Q>mH$Vmo.
XmoZ doJdoJù`m OmoS>ß`m§‘Ü`o `oD$Z ~gVmo. OmoS>ß`m§Mr hm {MÌnQ> 3S>r hmoVm Am{U ˶mMr JmoS>mMr
gVV AXbm~Xb hmoV amhVo, H$moU H$m` Amho H$ioZmg§ hmVmiUr AË`§V doJir hmoVr. 3S>r {MÌnQ>mV AZoH$
hmoV§. Ë`m§À`mVbm EH$‘od pñWam§H$ (constant) hm H°$‘oè¶m§Zr {Q>nbobr Ñí¶o XmoZ S>moù`mVyZ EH$Ì `oD$Z
Hw$Ìm Amho. Hw$Ìm {dMma H$aVmo. nmUr Amnë`mer ImobrMm Am^mg {Z‘m©U H$aVmV, JmoS>mZo XmoZ images
H$m` ~mobV Amho? AemgmaIo àíZ Ë`mbm gVV {d^º$ H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ë`mMm Cn`moJ Ho$bm, XmoZ S>mù o `mVyZ
28 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
XmoZ doJir {MÌo nS>Úmda {XgVmV Am{U XmoÝhr S>moio
CKS>bo H$s, EH$ hmoVmV. JmoS>mZo nwÝhm EH$Xm {MÌnQ>
g§kmdbrV EH$m nyU© Zì`m em°Q>Mm emoY bmdbm. hr
JmoS>mMr 42dr ’$sMa {’$ë‘ hmoVr, Am{U 121do
pìh{S>Amo àm°S>ŠeZ! JmoS>mZo {’$ë‘ Am{U pìh{S>Amo
`m§Mm EH${ÌV Cn`moJ AË`§V doJionUmZo Amnë`m
H$mhr {MÌnQ>mV Ho$bm Amho. ^mfm, ^mfoÀ`m ‘`m©Xm,
{MÌnQ>mMr ^mfm, {MÌnQ> ^mfoMr {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm hm
JmoS>mMm gX¡d {MÌnQ>-qMVZmMm ^mJ am{hbobm Amho.
^mfobm Ab{dXm Ho$ë`mZ§Va Ë`mÀ`m eodQ>À`m
{MÌnQ>mV Vmo images H$S>o diVmo - "The image
Book (2018). hoXoIrb Ë`mÀ`m {MÌnQ>-qMVZmbm
g§`w{º$H$ AgoM Amho. à{V‘m Am{U AmdmO `m§Zr
g§n¥º$ Agm hm H$mobmO Amho. à{V‘m EH$‘oH$m§da
H$mogiVmV, qhónUo EH$‘oH$m§er R>mogmR>moer H$aVmV.
EH$‘oH$m§Zm Zï> H$aVmV. `mV H¥$îUYdb à{V‘m AmhoV,
H$ba "nmoíMam`PoeZ' (XmoZ {^Þ a§JmZm {d^º$ H$ê$Z
Ë`mMm {’$ë‘ {ZJo{Q>ìh gmaIm gmaIm dmna -(CXm.
Goodbye to Language‘Ü`o Ambobr bmb ’w$b§ Am{U
{haì¶m JdVmMo em°Q>g) Amho, ‘wÔm‘ dmnabobo
"glitches' Amho V . `w Õ mMo em° Q ² g > Amho V , BVa
{X½Xe©H$mZm ‘mZd§XZm åhUyZ Ë`m§À`m {MÌnQ>mV
dmnaboë`m à{V‘m AmhoV. BVam§À`m {MÌm§À`m,
n|{Q§>½gÀ`m à{V‘m AmhoV, JmoS>mÀ`m ñdV…À`m
{’$ë‘‘Yrb à{V‘mXoIrb Ë`mV AmhoV. hmVmÀ`m
à{V‘m dmnaboë`m AmhoV, EH$‘oH$m§Zm hiwdma ñne©
H$aUmao hmV, E{S>qQ>J Q>~o bda {’$ë‘Mo VwH$S>o OwidUmao
hmV, ~§XwH$m MmbdUmao hmV, g¥OZerb hmV Am{U
{dÜd§g H$aUmao hmV! ào‘ H$aUmao hmV Am{U Z’$aV
H$aUmao hmV! hmVmÀ`m à{V‘m§Mm Cn`moJ Vmo EImÚm
‘Wù¶mà‘mUo H$aVmo Am{U {MÌnQ>mMr nmM ^mJmV
{d^mJUr H$aVmo. `m à{V‘m§Zm ñWi-H$mimMm g§X^©
Zmhr. `mVë`m à{V‘m ñWb-H$mi-AdH$me `mÀ`m
g§X^m©À`m nbrH$S>o aMboë`m AmhoV. OUy AZoH$
à{V‘m§Mo VwH$S>o OmoS>y Z EH$ "H°${bS>mño H$mon' V`ma Ho$bobm
Amho. `m à{V‘m {’$ë‘daMr {’$ë‘ ~ZdVmV. (JmoS>m
Mma df© `m {’$ë‘da H$m‘ H$aV hmoVm.) hr {’$ë‘
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m B{VhmgmdaM ‘yb^yV àíZ CnpñWV H$aVo.
ZwgVm {gZo‘mMm B{Vhmg Zmhr Va {dgmì`m eVH$mMm
gm§ñH¥${VH$/amOH$s`/VmpÎdH$/gm{hpË`H$ B{Vhmg
Am{U Ë`mÀ`mer AgUmao {MÌnQ>mMo bmJo~m§Yo
`mÀ`mda àíZ CnpñWV H$aUmè`m `m à{V‘m AmhoV.
Am{U Ë`m Ë`m àm§VmVrb g§X^© Ë`m KoD$Z `oVmV.
JmoS>mZo {MÌnQ>mÀ`m nma§n[aH$ ^mfobm paradigmatic
shift {Xbm Ag§ åhQ>ë`mda {gZo‘mMr nma§n[aH$ "^mfm'
hmoVr Var H$er ho g‘OmdyZ KoU§ AmoKmZ§ Amb§M!
{MÌnQ> "^mfo'Mm àdmg amoMH$ Amho. AË`§V
ñdm^m{dH$, O¡d[a˶m Vr KS>V Jobr. éiV Jobr.
ë`w{‘`a ~§YwZr Amnbm àmoOoŠQ>a-H°$‘oam ~Zdbm
Am{U {MÌrH$aU H$aÊ`mg gwédmV Ho$br Voìhm H°$‘oam
EH$m OmJoda pñWa Ago. EH$ em°Q> åhUOo EH$ {’$ë‘,
Aem AZoH$ N>moQ>oImZr {’$ë‘ Ë`m§Zr Ho$ë`m Am{U
J§‘V åhUOo AmO {MÌnQ>mV {XgUmè`m gd©M nR>S>çm
Ë`mVyZ ѽJmoMa Pmë`m. ~mV‘rnQ>, H$m°‘oS>r, Jmoï>,
Om{hamVnQ> Aem gd©M! ë¶w{‘`a ~§Yy§gmR>r {gZo‘m ho
àm‘w»`mZo EH$ emór` CnH$aU hmoV§. Ë`mVrb Jmoï>
gm§JÊ`mM§ gm‘Ï`© {‘{bEgma»`m bmoH$m§À`m VËjUr
bjmV Amb§. {‘{bE EH$ OmXyJma hmoVm. Ë`mZo Ë`mÀ`m
{MÌnQ>mVyZ OmXy, gm`Ýg {’$³eZ, ñnoeb B’o$ŠQ>,
‘w»` åhUOo H$WZ, Z°aoeZ AmUbo. bjmV ¿`m
H°$‘oam AOyZ hbbm ZìhVm.
S>r>. S>ãë`y. J«r{’$W `mZo Ë`mÀ`m "Birth of a
Nation' `m {MÌnQ>mV H°$‘oam àW‘ hbdbm Am{U
Shot-Division qH$dm Ñí` aMZoMr gwadmV Pmbr. Xya
Ñí` (Long shot), g‘rn Ñí` (Mid-Shot ),
ŠbmoOAn Aer aMZm àM{bV hmoD$ bmJbr.(J«r{’$WZo
Ooìhm A{V-ŠbmoOAn (extreme close-up) àW‘
dmnabm Voìhm {Z‘m©Vo Km~abo. Ë`m§Zm dmQ>b§ ZwgV§
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 29
 ‘w§S>H§$ ~KyZ àojH$m§Zm hm ^wVmQ>H$sMm àH$ma dmQ>ob
Am{U Vo niyZ OmVrb. nU Vg§ H$mhr Pmbr Zmhr.
H$maU ‘w§S>Š`m Imbr YS> AgV§ ho Ë`m§Zm AZw^dmVyZ
‘mhrV hmoV§. àojH$mZmXoIrb H$m°‘Z-goÝg AgVmo.
Zo‘H§$ hoM AmnU {dgaVmo. (AWm©V Agm H$m°‘Z-
goÝg JmoS>m ~KVmZm A{O~mV H$m‘r `oV Zmhr, Vo EH$
gmoS>m!)
Va Aem àH$mao Ñí`o g§H${bV H$aVmZm g§H$ënZm§Mo
nm`§S>o éiV Jobo. nwT>o nwT>o, AJXr AmOVmJm`V;
Ë`mÀ`mda {e¸$m‘moV©~ hmoV Job§. AmOhr ~{KVb§V
Va gd© nm̧, Ë`m§Mm g^modVmb, Ë`mV `oUmè`m dñVw,
’${Z©Ma dJ¡ao, Ë`m AZwê$n Ho$bobr àH$me `moOZm,
Agm gd© "{‘O²-Amo-grZ', {M{ÌH$aUmg bmJUmao
KQ>H$ àñWm{nV H$aUmam EH$ bm±J em°Q>, qH$dm ‘mñQ>a-
em° Q >, Ë`mZ§ V a nmÌm§ À `m hmbMmbr§ à ‘mUo ,
g§^mfUmà‘mUo `oUmao {‘S>-em°Q>, Omo ZQ> ~mobV Agob
Ë`mMo ŠbmoOAßg, Xwgam ZQ> qH$dm ZQ>r Vo EoH$V Amho
ho XmIdUmao [aA°ŠeZ-em°Q>²g, g§^mfUmV ~mobV
Agboë`m ì`º$sÀ`m g§^mfUmZwgma hmoUmao [aìhg©
em°Q>²g qH$dm "Amoìha X emoëS>a em°Q²>g',XmoZ Ñí`m§À`m
‘Ü`o `oUmao BÝgQ²g©, qH$dm "H$Q>-Ado' em°Q>²g, ZQ>/
ZQ>çm§Mr hmbMmb "’$m°bmo' H$aUmao n°Z em°Q>²g, EImXr
dñVw ’«o$‘‘Ü`o AmUÊ`mgmR>r Ho$bobo "{Q>ëQ>', nmÌmÀ`m
Ñ{ï>H$moZmVyZ KoVbobo "nm°BQ§ > Am°’$ ìøy' em°Q>² g , EImÚm
Ñí`mbm AYmoaopIV H$aUmao, Odi OmD$Z {ZarjU
H$aUmao "Pw‘' Aer Ñí` `moOZm éiV Jobr. AJXr
Ñí`-~XbmMo transition-effectsMo R>moH$VmioXoIrb
gmMo~Õ hmoV Jobo. Ñí` ~XbmgmR>r "{S>Pm°ëd', doi
~XbmgmR>r "’o$S>-BZ, ’o$S>-AmCQ>'. EImXr ì`º$s
nS>Úmda doJir H$ê$Z AYmoapo IV H$aÊ`mgmR>r dmnabobo
Jmob ‘mñH$ dJ¡ao. {MÌnQ>mMo H$WZ AmoKdË`m e¡brV
hmoB©b Ago "AÑí` g§H$bZ' (Invisible editing)
dmnaÊ`mH$S>o H$Q>mj hmoVm.
åhUOo g§H$bZ Ho$bo Amho ho àojH$m§Zm H$iVmXoIrb
30 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
H$m‘m Z`o `mH$S>o {deof bj Ago. ZmhrVa àojH$m§Mo
bj Jmoï>r dê$Z T>iyZ g§H$bZmda H|${ÐV hmoB©b Aer
^rVr nma§n[aH$ {gZo‘m {X½Xe©H$m§Zm dmQ>V Ago.
Ë`mVyZ H$mhr Vm§{ÌH$ AdYmZo H$Q>mjmZo nmibr
OmV. H°$‘oam imaginary lineÀ`m nbrH$S>o OmVm H$m‘
Z`o (Eye line match), H°$‘oam A±Jb ~XbVmZm XmoZ
A°Jb‘Yrb H$moZ 30 A§emnojm OmñV AgVm H$m‘m
Z`o (H$maU ‘J Vo ‘°M hmoV ZmhrV). nmÌmMr hmbMmb
g‘Om bm±J em°Q> Am{U {‘S>-em°Q> Aer {M{ÌV
Ho$br Va hmbMmb "H$Q>' ‘Ü`o ‘°M PmbrM nm{hOo,
Ago nm`§S>o BVHo$ KÅ> éObo H$s, Ë`mMr EH$ KÅ> Aer
{Z¶‘mdbrM ~ZyZ Jobr. Continuity editing ho {MÌnQ>
V§ÌmMo KÅ> {Z`‘ ~ZyZ Jobo. OUy Ë`m {MÌnQ>m§À`m
commandments hmoË`m, Am{U Ë`m VmoS>Uo ho nmn
hmoVo.
1960À`m XeH$mV ’«$m§g‘Ü`o H$mhr {gZo‘mào‘r
VéU Am§Ðo ~mPm `m§À`m {gZo‘mg dmhÿZ KoVboë`m
"H$møo Xy {gZo ‘ m' ( Cahiers du Cinema )
{Z`VH$m{bH$mV {bhÿ bmJbo. `mV JmoS>m, V¥’$mo, í`m~«mb
°
¶m§gmaIo {MÌnQ>mZo agagbobo VéU hmoVo.
‘hm`wÕmZ§VaMr ’«$m§g‘Yrb VéUmB© OmJ{VH$
AmH$bZ H$doV KoD$ nmhV hmoVr. O‘©Z A{YnË`mImbr
Agboë`m ’«$m§g‘Ü`o `wÕ H$mimV A‘o[aH$s {gZo‘mda
~§Xr hmoVr. AmVm Vo `oD$ bmJbo Am{U Ë`mV {XgUmar
D$Om©, ‘moH$ionUm, àm§OinUm ~KyZ ho VéU à^m{dV
Pmbo . VËH$mbrZ ’« | $ M {gZo ‘ mMm ~§ { XñVnUm,
ê$T>r~ÕnUm Ë`m§Zm IQ>Hy$ bmJbm. àM{bV {MÌnQ>
^mfm Ë`m§Zm gmMbobr Am{U VmoH$S>r dmQy> bmJbr.
Ë`m§Zm {MÌnQ>mVyZ doJi§ H$mhr XmIdm`M§ hmoV§, Am{U
Ë`mgmR>r Zdr ^mfm Amdí`H$ hmoVr. nma§n[aH$ {MÌnQ>
Tw>É>mMm`mªMo {Z`‘ Ë`m§Zm OmMH$ dmQ>V hmoVo. {X½Xe©H$
H°$‘oè¶mÛmao {MÌnQ>mMo boIZ H$aVmo, {MÌnQ> gd©ñdr
{X½Xe©H$mMm AgVmo, Vmo Ë`mMm Author AgVmo. (’«|$M
‘Ü`o Auteur ) hrM Vr Am°Vao {WAar, hoM Vo camera
stylo, (H°$‘oam-noZ) Am{U hrM Vr ’«|$M Ý`y doìh
Midi! JmoS>m `m MidirMm AJ«Ur hmoVm. (BWo
EH$ bjmV ¿`md§ bmJob, H$s gm{hË`mVrb "g§km
àdmh Midi' qH$dm {MÌH$boVrb "B§àe o {ZP‘' qH$dm
O‘© Z {gZo ‘ mVrb "O‘© Z EŠgào e {ZP‘' `m
Midirà‘mUo hr "well defined' Midi ZìhVr.
H$mhr ’«$| M VéU {X½Xe©H$mZr AË`§V doJio, ZmdrÝ`nyU©
{MÌnQ> EH$m nmR>monmR> {Xbo. Am{U Vo à`ËZ "’«|$M Ý`y
doìh' åhUyZ OmJ{VH$ {gZo-{dídmV AmoiIbo OmD$
bmJbo.)
H$mhr {d{eï> "AmQ>u' {MÌnQ> {X½Xe©H$m§Zm A{^OmV
R>adyZ ñdV…Mr d¡{eîQ>çnyU© e¡br Agboë`m {hÀH$m°H$,
hm°dS>© hm°H$ gma»`m ‘w»` àdmhmVrb {X½Xe©H$m§Zm
Xwæ`‘ XOm© XoD$Z doJù`m n§º$sV ~gdUo `m bmoH$m§Zm
AÝ`m`H$maH$ dmQ>b.o Ë`m§Zr A‘o[aH$Z hm°brdyS> {gZo‘mMo
nwZ‘y©ë`m§H$Z Ho$bo. `m {X½Xe©H$m§Mr n¥ð>^mJr {XgUmar
e¡brM Zìho Va Ë`mVyZ `oUmao A§V…ñW "‘mo{Q>’$',
"n°Q>Ýg©' Ë`mVyZ gmH$ma hmoUmam nmoV `m gdmªM§ Ë`m§Zr
~maH$mB©Z§ {díbofU Ho$b§. `m gd©M ‘§S>ir§da A‘o[aH$s
{gZo‘mM§ JéS> hmoV§. JmoS>mda Va ImgM! A‘o[aH$s
OrdZe¡br, {MÝho, ‘mo{Q>’$, ßbm°Q> JmoS>m Amnë`m
{MÌnQ>mV OmJmoOmJr dmnaVmo.
Ë`mMm MADE IN USA hm {MÌnQ> Ë`m Ñï>rZo
{deof Aä`mg H$aÊ`mOmoJm Amho.
H$moH$mH$mobm, ~J©a, ~moJmQ>©, hm°brdyS>, {S>ñZo,
{gJaoQ>g, nãg, JÝg Am{U J±JñQ>g©, goŠg, Aer
gd© A‘o[aH$Z {‘WHo$, ZQ> ZQ>çm§Mo ‘°ñH$m°Q> (à{V‘m),
OrdZ e¡br, Cƒma nÕVr, ~m°S>r b±½doO gd© H$mhr
`mV ì`Ë`mgmZo `oV!o J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘‘Ü`o `oUmao Am{X~§Y
(pñQarAmo-Q>mB©ßg `m AWm©Z)o JmoS>m A‘yV© [aË`m dmnaVmo.
OUy hr nm̧ Aem "S>mH©$-{MÌnQ>mMo' A‘yV© à{V{ZYr
AgmdoV. JmoS>m åhUyZ Jobm` H$s, EH$ VéUr Am{U
EH$ JZ KoD$Z Vwåhr {MÌnQ> ~Zdy eH$Vm Am{U ho
Ë`mZo Ë`mÀ`m AZoH$ {MÌnQ>mV H$ê$Z XmIdb§ Amho.
‘oS> BZ `y. Eg. E. hm Ë`mVrb EH$. A‘o[aH$Z
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m `m ~mOmH$S>o JmoS>m "~mhoê$Z' VQ>ñWnUo
nmhV Amho. XwH$mZmV R>do boë`m [aìhm°ëdag©, VéUrÀ`m
hmVmVrb JZ, Aer Ñí`o {MÌnQ>mV dma§dma `oVmV.
EImÚm empãXH$ IoimVrb "’$mñQ> amD$§S>'‘Ü`o
g‘moaÀ`mZo EH$ eãX Cƒabm H$s, doi A{O~mV Z
XdS>Vm Ë`mdê$Z gwMUmao eãX Ogo ~mobm`Mo AgVmV,
Vgo A‘o[aH$m åhQ>ë`mda Oo Oo gwMob, Oo Oo {Xgob
Ë`m gd© à{V‘m Amnë`mbm {MÌnQ>mV {XgVmV. Ë`mV
A‘o[aH$Z P|S>çmMo bmb, nm§T>am Am{U {Zio a§JXoIrb
Ambo!
~o»VMo Am{báH$aUmMo V§Ì JmoS>m `mV dmnaVmo.
`mVrb nmÌ Iar dmQy> Zm XoVm Vr A‘o[aH$Z J±JñQ>a
{MÌnQ>mVrb ì`{º$aoIm§À`m gmÀ`mMo A‘yV© àm{V{Z{YH$
ê$n dmQ>mdrV `mMr nyU© H$miOr Vmo {MÌnQ>^a KoVmo.
Oo H$mhr g§dmX EoH$y `oVmV Vo nS>Úmdarb BVa AmdmOmV
~wSy>Z H$ioZmgo hmoVmV. Am{U Oo g§dmX EoHy$ `oVmV
Ë`m§Mm g§X^© bmJV Zmhr, AW©~moY hmoV Zmhr. EH$
nm̧ ~ma‘Ü`o åhUV§XoIrb, ‘r dmŠ` ~ZdÊ`mMm
à`ËZ H$aVmo. nU ‘bm Vr AmdS>V ZmhrV. H$maU?
H$maU Vr {ZaW©H$ AgVmV. Ë`mZ§Va nmÌmÀ`m Vm|S>r,
Q>~o b ½bmgda ~gbobr AmhoV, pIS>H$s VwÂ`m S>mùo `mV
nmhV Amho, ‘r Vo Xma CKS>Vmo Am{U Xma ñQy>bmda
~gV§ , grqbJ {Xì`mbm bQ>H$b§ Amho Aer
ì`mH$aUÑîQ>çm `mo½`, nU ì`mdhm[aH$ÑîQ>çm {ZaW©H$
Aer dmŠ`o `oD$Z OmVmV. Am{U ~maQ>|S>a ‘Ü`oM
åhUyZ OmVmo, dmŠ`mZm AW©M Zgob Va ‘r Vwbm Xmê$
gwÕm gìh© H$ê$ eH$Uma Zmhr (AmnU Hw$R>ë`mhr
~ma‘Ü`o Ag§ H$mhr ~aibmo, Va {VWbm doQ>aXoIrb
hoM åhUob!)
A‘o[aH$m ho d¡`{º$H$ ñdmV§Í`, gÎmm KoD$Z `oV§.
Am{U JmoS>mÀ`m Ñï>rZo to be free is to exist! Ago
g§nyU© ì`{º$-ñdmV§Í¶ H$‘mbrMm EH$mH$snUm Am{U
Am{bá ^mdZm AmUV§. Am{U `m Jmoï>r JmoS>mÀ`m
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 31
 {MÌnQ>mV nXmonXr {XgVmV. JmoS>m åhUyZ Jobm` to be {díbofH$ JmoS>m À`m "~«oWbog' {MÌnQ>mVrb "H$ma-
or not to be is not really a question. {g¹o$Ýg'Mo CXmhaU XoVmV. EH$m H$ma‘YyZ EH$ VéU
A‘o[aHo$Mo {‘WH$ dmnaVmZm JmoS>m Ë`mbm Alice in d EH$ VéUr àdmg H$aV AmhoV. XmoKmZmhr nmR>‘moao
wonderland gmaIo n[aH$WoMo ñdê$n XoVmo. Zm{`Ho$Mo {M{ÌV Ho$bo Amho. H°$‘oam H$Yrhr nwT>o OmV Zmhr.
ZmdXoIrb A°{bg Amho. A°{bg, Vy bwB© H°$am°b XmoKm§Mm g§dmX Mmby Amho. Why are you sad?
~amo~a Omerb `m gmaIr dmŠ`§XI o rb AmhoV. ~moJmQ>,© Because I am That is sad But that is silly g§dmX
{S>ñZo, A‘o[aH$m åhQ>ë`mda Oo Oo S>moù`mg‘moa `oV§ Vo, H$aUmam VéU ’«o$‘‘Ü`o Zmhr. VéUr EoH$V Amho,
(‘o[abrZ ‘Zamo H$m Zmhr?) Am{U R>mgyZ ^abobo BVa à{VgmX XoV Amho, ~mobV Amho, nU Ë`mVrb ‘Yë`m
VmpÎdH$, g‘mOemór`, gm{hpË`H$ g§X^© ho gd© ’«o$‘g JmoS>m H$mnyZ Q>mH$Vmo. Am{U Vmo ’o$‘g "O§n-
AgyZhr Ë`mVrb {dZmoX~wÕr, IoiH$a ~wÕr OmJê$H$ H$Q>' {gZo‘m-{dídmV AdVaVmo. g§^mfU EH$Ord
Amho. Ë`mMm A§Vàdmh EIÜ`m Burlesque gmaIo amhV Zmhr, a-synchronous hmoV OmV§. ‘mñQ>a em°Q>
gmYå`© XmIdV {dS§>~Z H$aUmam Amho. Zmhr, Hw$R>ohr hmbMmbr EH$Ord H$aUmam "‘°M-H$Q>'
JmoS>m Or {WAar ‘m§S>Vmo Vr Vmo Ë`mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mVyZ Zmhr, Hw$UmMohr reaction shots ZmhrV. H$ma‘YyZ àdmg
à^mdrnUo XmIdyZ XoVmo. (OmJ{VH$ {gZo‘mV Ag§ MmbyM Amho, nmR>‘moam! ({MÌnQ>^a h±S>-hoëS> H°$‘oam
H$aUmao ’$º$ Xmo Z M {X½Xe© H $ Amho V . n{hbm dmnabm Amho. àM{bV {gZo‘m Ë`mbm {eH$mD$
Am`PoñQ>mB©Z Am{U Xwgam VmaH$modñH$s) Amnë`mbm amateurish g‘OV Ago. Aem S>m°Š`w‘oÝQ´r ñQ>mBbZo
{MÌnQ>mVyZ, {MÌnQ>m~Ôb, {MÌnQ>mÀ`m ^mfo~Ôb, KoVbobo Q´°qH$J-em°Q>g ~KyZ W¸$ ìhm`bm hmoV§.)
aMZo~Ôb H$m` H$am`M§ Amho ho JmoS>m Amnë`m AJXr WmoS>Š`mV, {MÌnQ>mÀ`m àM{bV nm`§S>çm§Zm ˶mZo M¸$
n{hë`m {MÌnQ>mnmgyZ XmIdyZ XoVmo. Ho$amMr Q>monbr XmIdbr Amho.
1960 gmbr Ë`mMm "~«oWbog' hm n{hbm {MÌnQ> Z§VaÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV ’°$³Q> Am{U {’$ŠeZ `mVrb
Ambm, Am{U EH$ ‘yb^yV doJim {MÌnQ> {dMma, gr‘maofm JmoS>m nwgyZ Q>mH$Vmo. ì`{º$aoIm, A°ŠeZ,
e¡br, Am{U aMZm ‘m§S>Umam {X½Xe©H$ {gZo-nQ>bmda n[aga `m§Zm Vmo à{V‘m§À`m nmVirda KoD$Z `oVmo.
Ambm` Aer XIb OmJ{VH$ {gZo-{dídmZo KoVbr. à{V‘mVyZ {XgUmam WoQ> g§~§Y, H$m`©H$maU-^md Vmo
éiboë`m nma§n[aH$ {MÌnQ> V§Ìmbm, ‘m§S>Urbm H$mTy>Z Q>mH$Vmo, Am{U à{V‘m§Mm {Zìdi à{V‘m åhUyZ
Am{U {df`mbm Ë`mZo C^m N>Xo {Xbm hmoVm. Continuity Cn`moJ H$aVmo. {MÌnQ>mV {Xgbobr h§’«o$ ~moJQ>©Mr
editing, eyeline-match, g§dmXm ~amo~a `oUmam EH$Ord nmo ñ Q> g © , AJXr Ë`mV dmnabo b o OmP g§ J rVmMo
AmdmO (synchronous sound) `mbm Ë`mZo nyU© ’$mQ>m VwH$S>Xo I o rb {MÝh åhUyZ `oVmV. A‘o[aH$s g§ñH¥$Vr~Ôb
{Xbm hmoVm. AÑí` g§H$bZ ZmH$mê$Z CbQ> Vo R>iH$nUo JmoS>mMr AmñWm Aem imagesÛmao nXmonXr {XgyZ `oVo.
{Xgob, OmUdV amhrb Ago dmnabo! nU Ë`mVyZ {XgUmè`m nR>S>çm JmoS>m nyU© doJionUmZo
‘°M-H$Q>Mo CƒmQ>Z H$ê$Z O§n-H$Q> ApñVÎdmV dmnaVmo. hm dmna Am{U EH§$Xa {MÌnQ>mMm "’$sb'
AmUbm hmoVm. O§n-H$§Q> hr JmoS>mZo {MÌnQ> n[a^mfobm EImÚm improvisation gmaIm Amho. EH$m Ñí`mV
(vocabulary) {Xbobr XoUJrM åhUmdr bmJob. ‘m|Q>mO Zm`H$ nmR>‘moam H$maÀ`m {S>H$sV S>moH$mdVmZm {XgVmo,
åhQ>bm H$s, Ogo Am`PoñQ>mB©ZÀ`m "AmoS>ogm ñQ>oßg'Mo Va nwT>À`mM jUr Ë`mÀ`m hmVmV {nñVyb {XgVo.
CXmhaU {Xbo OmVo, Vg O§n-H$Q> åhQ>bm H$s {MÌnQ> n°Z‘Ü`o hmVmVrb {nñVwbmMm ŠbmoOn, njr (gÑe
32 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
H$mhr Var) JmoirZo nS>VmZm, {nñVwbmMm AmdmO ‘mÌ
qgH$ Ho$bobm Zmhr. EH$hr establishing em°Q> Zmhr,
nwT>o H$m` KS>ob `mMr Hw$R>brhr nyd©gyMZm Zmhr!
({Q>{nH$b JmoS>m) Aem Ñí¶mVyZ {MÌnQ>mbm EH$
ApñVÎddmXr nmoV {‘iVmo.
EH$m Ñí`mV EH$m ~mWê$‘À`m Amaí`mg‘moa Zm`H$
Zm{`Ho$Mm g§dmX Mmby Amho, Voìhm JmoS>m àË`j
Zm{`Ho$Mm Zmhr Va {VÀ`m Amaí`mVrb à{V‘oMmXoIrb
Zm`H$mÀ`m Ñï>r ~amo~a eye-line-match (Ñï>r-^oQ>?)
H$aVmo. Ho$di EH$m Ñí¶mVyZ Zo‘Ho$nUo Amnë`mbm
XmoZ nmÌm§‘Yrb {ZgaS>çm (elusive) g§~§Ym§Mm A§XmO
`oVmo.
"~«oWbog' hm àM{bV {MÌnQ>mnojm BVH$m doJim
hmoVm H$s, nXmn©UmVM JmoS>m Ooð> OmJ{VH$ {gZo-
{X½Xe©H$m§À`m n§JVrV OmD$Z ~gbm. EH$ "Am°Voa'
{gZo-{dídmbm {‘imbm hmoVm.
{MÌnQ> hm Amnbm ídmg Agë`mà‘mUo JmoS>m
{MÌnQ> ~ZdV am{hbm. 1960 (~«oWbog) Vo 1969
(drH$E§S>) hm {MÌnQ>mVrb H$mbI§S> hm JmoS>mMm "Ý`y
doìh' H$mbI§S> qH$dm "{gZo‘°{Q>H$' H$mbI§S> g‘Obm
OmVmo. JmoS>mMo nwñVH$ "JmoS>m Am°Z JmoS>m' hmM H$mbI§S>
bjmV KoVo. Ë`m nwT>rb H$mbI§S>mV JmoS>m amOH$s`
{MÌnQ>-{Z~§Y H$ê$ bmJbm, Z§Va ˶mhrnwT>o OmD$Z
{MÌnQ>mVyZ {MÌnQ>mMr ^mfm, g§ñH¥$VrMm ZídanUm,
^mfoMm VmoH$S>onUm, IwÔ à{V‘m§Mm Aì`º$nUm `mda
qMVZ H$ê$ bmJbm, Vmo gVV àJë^ hmoV Jobm, nU
Ë`mMr {MÌnQ> ^mfm A{YH$m{YH$ AgmYmaU, AmË‘‘¾
(Idiosyncratic) hmoV Jobr. nU `m gdmªMr ‘wi§
Amnë`mbm Ë`mÀ`m `m "Ý`y doìh' H$mbI§S>mV {XgVmV.
Amnë`m nwT>À`m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o The little soldier‘Ü`o
Ë`mbm Ë`mMr AmdS>Vr ZQ>r (Am{U nwT>o Ë`mMr nËZr)
AmZm H$arZm gmnS>br. "~«oWbog' {MQ>nQ>egmR>r {VZo
ZH$ma {Xbm hmoVm. {b{Q>b gmoëOa H$aVmZm {VZo JmoS>mbm
{dMmab§ hmoV§, ga, ‘bm H$nS>o Va H$mT>mdo bmJUma
ZmhrV Zm? `mda JmoS>mM§ CÎma hmoV§, ‘wirM Zmhr, hr
amOH$s` {’$ë‘ Amho. AmZm H$arZmbm JmoS>mZo EH$m
Om{hamVnQ>mV n{hbo hmoVo. {Vbm {MÌnQ>m§Mm AZw^d
ZìhVm, nU JmoS>mMr nmaI {H$Vr CÎm‘ hmoVr `mMr
àVr{V {VZo nwT>rb AZoH$ {’$ëåg‘Ü`o {Xbr. JmoS>mMo
H$arZm ~amo~aMo ZmVog§~§Y EH$ ZQ>r åhUyZ Am{U nËZr
åhUy Z ~J© ‘ Z Am{U {bìh Cb‘Z ¶m§ À `m
ZmVog§~§Ym§BVHo$M CËH$Q> Am{U Jw§VmJw§VrMo AmhoV
(d¡`{º$H$ Am`wî`mVbo g§~Y§ BWo Z‘yX H$aÊ`mMo H$maU
åhUOo Vo {MÌnQ>mVyZ {XgVmV Am{U H$Yr H$Yr
{MÌnQ>mda n[aUm‘XoIrb H$ê$Z OmVmV.). {b{Q>b
gmoëOa AmbOo[a`mÀ`m ‘wº$s g§J«m‘mda Amho, ’«|$M
amï´>mZo AmbOo[a`mda A{VH«$‘U Ho$b§ hmoV§. 13 ‘o
1958 amoOr Ë`m{déÕ CR>md Pmbm hmoVm. (OoVo amï´>
Aem ‘wº$s g§J«m‘mbm CR>mdM åhUVmV.) JmoS>m Aem
àH$maÀ`m A{VH«$‘Um {déÕ hmoVm. Ë`mMr YmaUm
gX¡d A±Q>r-dm°a am{hbobr Amho. nwT>o Amnë`m la
Chionese {MÌnQ>mV Vmo ho A{YH$ AUHw$MrXmanUo
‘m§S>Vmo. {bQ>b gmoëOa‘Ybm ~«Zw mo EH$ ’$moQ>m-o OZm©{bñQ>
Amho Ë`mMo ’«|$M gaH$maÀ`m COì`m JQ>mer g§~§Y
AmhoV. Vmo doamo{ZH$m S´A
o a (AmZm H$arZm) `m `wdVrÀ`m
ào‘mV Amho. Ë`mbm AmbOo[a`Z H«$m§{VH$maH$ JQ>mbm
‘XV H$aUmè`m EH$m àmo’$o gabm ‘maÊ`mMm hþH$y ‘ Amho.
~«wZmo nH$S>bm OmVmo, Ë`mMm N>i Ho$bm OmVmo,
doamo{ZH$mMm gwÕm N>i Ho$bm OmVmo. Aer Vm|S>r
bmdm`bm Jmoï> Amho. ~mH$s g~Hw$N> JmoS>m! {MÌnQ>
gai gwMdVmo H$s, ’«$m§gZo AmbOo[a`m {déÕ EH$
KmUoaS>o `wÕ Ioibo hmoV.o Ë`m‘wio OmZodmar 1963n`ªV
{VÀ`mda ’«$m§g‘Ü`o ~§Xr hmoVr.
"dw‘Z BO A dw‘Z' (1961) hr JmoS>mMr n{hbr
a§JrV {’$ë‘. `mV JmoS>m a§JmZo a§Jn§M‘r Ioibm`!
(åhUOo ‘moOHo$ nmM ghm a§J Am{U Ë`mMr noñQ>b
n°boQ> Ë`mZo {MÌnQ>^a dmnabr Amho.) bmb a§JmÀ`m
nmíd©^y‘rda H$marZmMm ‘°OoÝQ>m Mohoam, noñQ>b eoS>da
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 33
 `oUmao ^S>H$; bmb, {ndim, {Zim Ago "~o{gH$
H$bg©', ‘°OQ| >m, bmb, Aem a§JmVyZ H$mù`mH$S>o OmUmao
"H$ba ãbrMog' ho gd© {MÌnQ>mÀ`m {df`mbm Am{U
nmoVmbm gmOogo AmhoV. JmoS>mMm a§JmMm dmna doJim,
`w{ZH$ Amho. Om°Bg‘Ü`o bhmZ ‘wbmbm Ogm a§JmMm
emoY bmJVmo ("’$sZoJÝg doH$') Vgm VmOm emoY
Amnë`mbm JmoS>mMo a§J ~KyZ bmJVmo. a§Jm~amo~a `oUmar
associations JmoS>m nyU©nUo ZoñVZm~yV H$aVmo. bmb
a§J åhQ>bm H$s aº$, aoS>~wH$, gmo{dEV P|S>m Aem
à{V‘m Amnë`mg‘moa VaiVmV. JmoS>mM§ nm̧ åhUV§
"bmb a§J hm ’$º$ EH$ a§J Amho (red is just a
colour), JmoS>mMo a§J EImÚm {ZAm°Z-gmB©Zà‘mUo R>iH$
AjamV bmb Am{U {Zù`m a§JmV "OrdZ' "{gZo‘m'
Ag§ gm§JV AgVmV. {Zim, bmb, {ndim ho ~o{gH$
a§J JmoS>m à^mdrnUo dmnaVmo. Y¸$m XoUmao, A§Jmda
MmbyZ `oUmao a§J Agm Ë`m§Mm dmna H$aVmo. "contempt'
(Le Mepris- 1963) ‘Ü`o {XgUmè`m {Zù`m q^Vr,
~oS>ê$‘‘Ü`o `bmo Am°H$a a§JmÀ`m nmíd©^y‘rda {~«OoQ>
~maS>m°Q> `m ZQ>rÀ`m A§JmdaMr bmb ^S>H$ MmXa,
"bm Mm`mo{Zg' {MÌnQ>mV g°n-J«rZ nQ²>Q>çmda `oUmao
bmb nÅ>o, ~wH$-Ho$g‘Ü`o bmdbobr bmb nwñVHo$,
ZQ>çm§Zm {Xbobo bmb Am{U g°n-J«rZ nohoamd. "{nAao'
{MÌnQ>mV ZQ>mMm {ndù`m a§JmV a§Jdbobm Mohoam,
"Contempt' ‘Ü`o ZQ> (~ob‘m|S>m)o Amnbm Mohao m {Zù`m
a§JmV a§JdVmo Am{U Ë`mda ^S>H$ {ndù`m a§JmMo
S>m`Zm‘mBQ²g Jw§S>miyZ ãbmñQ> H$aVmo. "Woman is a
Woman' qH$dm " Made in USA'‘Ü`o dmnabobo bmb,
nm§T>am, {Zim ho A‘o[aH$Z P|S>çmMo a§J AË`§V H$ënH$VoZo
dmnabo AmhoV.
ho a§J JmoS>m Amnë`m {MÌnQ>mVrb ‘Wù¶m§ZmXoIrb
dmnaVmo. JmoS>mMo ‘Wio AË`§V d¡{eîQ>çnyU© AgVmV.
(~m°ÝS> {MÌnQ>m§Mr ‘m°[ag q~S>aZo Ho$bobr, {H$dm
{hMH$m°H$À`m Q>m`Q>b {g¹o$Ýg‘Ybr Aja§ AmR>dVmV.)
nS>Úmda EHo$H$ Aja "A°Q> a±S>‘' COiV OmVo,
34 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
nS>ÚmÀ`m {d{dY ^mJmV Vr C‘Q>VmV, ’o$S>-BZ ,’o$S>-
Am¡Q> hmoVmV, bwH$bwH$VmV, A§Jmda `oVmV, {S>ñQ>°mQ>©
hmoVmV. nU Vo H$Yrhr BVa {MÌnQ>m§À`m ‘Wù¶m§à‘mUo
`oUmè`m "{g¹o$Ýg'Mm gmam§e gm§JV ZmhrV. H$Yr
H$Yr Vmo nwñVH§$XoIrb ‘Wù¶m§à‘mUo dmnaVmo.
"contempt' {MÌnQ>mV waves `m ‘Wù¶m§Imbr bmQ>mM § m
àg§J `oVmo, bmQ>m {H$Zmè`mH$S>o `oVmV Voìhm ìh{O©{ZAm
dyë’$Mo Ë`m ZmdmMo nwñVH$ {XgVo.
JmoS>mMm a§Jm§Mm dmna ~KyZ Am§Vmo{ZAm°Zr qH$dm
VmaH$modñH$sÀ`m {MÌnQ>mVrb a§J nmhÿZ AmnU H$go
W¸$ hmoVmo, Vgo W¸$ ìhm`bm hmoVo. JmoS>mMm hm a§Jm§Mm
dmna EH$‘odm{Û{V`‘ Amho. ^mfoVbm I§S>rVnUm,
Discontinuity XmIdm`bm JmoS>m a§Jm§Mm dmna H$aVmo.
(JmoS>m a§Jm§À`m ~m~VrV BVH$m OmJê$H$ hmoVm, H$s
Oo ì hm Ë`mÀ`m bjmV Amb§ H$s H$mo S ° > H$À`m
BñQ>‘ZH$ba‘Ü`o JS>X Vn{H$ar a§JmMr "a|O' (latitude)
{‘iV Zmhr Voìhm Ë`mZo H$moS°>H$ H§$nZrbm OmhranUo
d§edmXr, racist åhQ>bo. Am{U Vo Iao {ZKmbo H$maU
H$moS>° H$Mr {’$ë‘ IamoIaM H$m°H$o er`Z Jmoè`m a§Jm§gmR>r
~Zdbr hmoVr. `mbm AWm©V AW©H$maU H$maUr^yV
hmoV§, H$maU "H$mio' bmoH$ hm°brdyS> {MÌnQ>mV `oVM
ZìhVo. 1985n¶ªV H$moS°>H$À`m `m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o ~Xb
Pmbm Zmhr. JmoS>mbm Amnbr Vm§{ÌH$ gm‘J«r nyU©nUo
‘m{hVr hmoVr hoM `mVyZ {XgV§.)
BWo AmnU WmoS>o "[admBªS>' H$ê$Z nwÝhm Ë`mÀ`m"dw‘Z
BO A dw‘Z' `m {MÌnQ>mH$S>o `oD$. "A‘o[aH$Z
g§Jr{VHo$bm ‘mZd§XZm' åhUyZ JmoS>mZo hr {’$ë‘ Ho$br.
`mV g§JrV, Z¥Ë`, Z¾Vm Amho, A‘o[aH$Z "å`w{PH$b'Mm
Jmofdmam Ë`mV Ambm Amho. (Ë`mV EH$ {MÌnQ>
B{VhmgmV JmObobr Mw~§ Znyd© V`mar Am{U Mw~§ ZXoIrb
Amho.) nU ho Vwåhmbm JmoS>m AWm©VM ZrQ> nmhÿ XoV
Zmhr, Vwåhr Ë`mV Jw§VyZ nS>Ê`mÀ`m AmYrM Vmo Ë`mM§
"àhgZ' gwê$ H$aVmo. Am{U Vwåhmbm Ë`m Ñí¶mnmgyZ
A{bá H$aVmo. Mma q^VrV JwX‘abob§ g§gm[aH$ OrdZ,
H$bmH$mamÀ`m ‘ZmV gX¡d Agbob§ ^md{ZH$ Am{U
H$bmË‘H$ Û§ Û , {MÌnQ> - g¥ ï > r À`m "emo - {~P'
nmíd©^‘y rda, àH$fm©Z§ OmUdV§. H$[aZmM§ Am{U JmoS>mM§
H$m¡Q>w {§ ~H$ Am`wî` {~Zgbob§ hmoV,§ Ë`mMo A§YHw $ nS>gmX
AZoH$m§Zm `mV {XgVmV. nU Varhr AmZm H$arZmZo
H$‘mbrM§ H$m‘ Ho$b`. My life to live (1962) `m
nwT>À`m {MÌnQ>mVXoIrb AmZmZo H$‘mb Ho$br`. AWm©V
JmoS>m e¡br‘Ü`o H$m‘ H$ê$Z! (Am{U Vo OmñV H$R>rU
Amho.) JmoS>mH$S>o nyU© ñH«$sZ-ßbo H$YrM Zgm`Mm, Vmo
goQ>da g§dmX {bhm`Mm. Improvise H$am`Mm, ZQ>
ZQ>çmZm gyMZm qH$dm "{S>aoŠeZ' Z XoVm "OmUrd'
H$ê$Z Úm`Mm. (g§nyU© ñH«$sZ-ßbo Ë`mZo ’$º$
"~«oWbog'gmR>r {b{hbm hmoVm nU Vmohr Ë`mZo dmnabm
Zmhr. EH$m ‘wbmIVrV Ë`mbm ñH«$sZ-ßbo g§~§Yr àíZ
{dMmabm, JmoS>m åhUmbm AmVmhr XmoZ ñH«$sZ-ßbo
‘mÂ`m pIemV AmhoV. Am{U Ë`mZo hmVmÀ`m Viì`mV
‘mdVrb Aem XmoZ S>m`ar pIemVyZ H$mT>ë`m.) Aem
‘Zñdr {X½Xe©H$m~amo~a H$m‘ H$aU§ {H$Vr H$R>rU Agob
~Km. JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV A°pŠQ>§J, qH$dm ì`{º$aoIm
IwbdÊ`mbm dmd hmoVm H$m? Va {~bHw$b ZìhVm.
hoM Va Ë`mbm Q>mim`M§ hmoV§. Varhr Ë`mV A°pŠQ>§J
`oB©, ^mdZm `oV, nU Ë`m {d{eï> nmÌm§À`m ZgyZ
gmd©{ÌH$ AgV. A‘yV© AgV.
`m {MÌnQ>mV Vr Z°Zm ZmdmMr hmoVH$ê$ ZQ>r Amho.
nwT>o {Vbm n[apñWVr‘wio doí`m ì`dgm`mH$S>o dimd§
bmJV§. Varhr Vr Amnb§ ñdmV§Í¶ {OdmnmS> OnVo. hm
{MÌnQ> Iyn Mmbbm. (H$Xm{MV Ë`m‘wio JmoS>mbm
dmQ>b§ Agob H$s, Amnbo H$mhrVar MwH$bo Amho.
{MÌnQ> MmbVmo åhUOo . .. "bmZV h¡ ! ) Les
Carabiniers‘Ü`o nwÝhm `wÕmVrb ’$gdoJrar g‘moa `oV.o
AbOo[a`Z `wÕ, pìhEVZm‘ `m~m~V Vmo Q>moH$Xma
H$m°‘|Q> "{bQ>b gmoëOa', "bm MmAmo{ZP', "{nAao bo
’$m¡' `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ H$aVmo.
JmoS>mÀ`m {MÌnQ>mV AZoH$ AmdVu, nwÝhmnwÝhm `oUmao
n°Q>Ýg©, Wr‘g, AmH¥${V~§Y AmhoV. Ë`mÀ`mda AmnU
bj H|${ÐV H$ê$Z JmoS>mMo {MÌnQ>-qMVZ, {MÌnQ>,
{MÌnQ>-^mfm, ^mfm, g§ñH¥$Vr, amOH$maU, gm{hË`
BË`mXr ¶m§{df¶r YmaUm g‘OÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$ê$.
Ë`mgmR>r Ë`mMo doJdoJù`m H$mbI§S>mVbo ‘moOHo$ {MÌnQ>
KoVbo Var nwaogo Amho. JmoS>mÀ`m H$maH$sXuMo VrZ
‘hÎdmMo H$mbI§S> ‘mZbo OmVmV. 1. Ý`y doìh qH$dm
{gZo‘{° Q>H$ H$mbI§S> (1960-1968) 2. H«$m§{VH$mar/
amOH$s` H$mbI§S> (1968-1979) 3. {MÌnQ>
^mî`H$ma/{MÝh‘r‘m§gmH$ma H$mbI§S> (1980-
2022)
AZoH$ ‘hÎdmÀ`m {MÌnQ>m§Mo {díbofU AmnU
AmVmn`ªV Ho$boboM Amho. Ë`mZo {MÌnQ> aMZo~Ôb,
Am{U Ame`mÀ`m g§{X½YnUmda Ho$bobo à`moJ Ë`mÀ`m
Weekend'(1967) First name Carmen(1983)
King Lear' (1987) `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ R>iH$nUo
{XgVmV. Vo ~Ky. Am{U ho AmnU {MÌnQ>mÀ§ `m H«$‘mZoM
Ho$b§ nm{hOo Aer H$mhr gº$s Zmhr!
drH$E§S>(1967)‘Ü`o Va JmoS>m ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$VrM
CgdyZ Q>mH$Vmo. BWo H$moUrhr H$mhrhr Agy eH$V§, Oa
~±H$g© ‘maoH$ar AgVrb, emioV OmUmar ‘wb§ ~§{XdmgmV
AgVrb, ’$moQ>moJ«m’$g© ^S>do (Pimps) AgVrb,
H$‘©Mmè`m§da Ë`m§Mo ~m°g X¡Z§{XZ b¢{JH$ AË`mMma
H$aV AgVrb, ‘mUg§ ggo, Sw>H$a§ `mÀ`m ‘m§gm~amo~aM
‘mUgmM§ ‘m§gXoIrb ImV AgVrb Va ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$Vr,
civilization CabrM Hw$R>o? JmoS>m g§ñH¥$VrVrb àË`oH$
g§ñWoda h„m MT>dVmo Am{U Ë`m§Zm ZoñVZm~yV H$aVmo.
`mV gm{hË`, g§JrV, VÎdkmZ, amOH$maU, àM{bV
AmMma-{dMma H$embmhr Vmo gmoS>V Zmhr. hr Ë`mÀ`m
"{gZo‘°{Q>H$' qH$dm 'Ý`y doìh' qH$dm H$mbI§S>mVrb
eodQ>Mr {’$ë‘ Amho. Ë`mV Vmo {gZo‘mMm A§V Pmbm
Amho, Aer KmofUm H$aVmo.
{MÌnQ>mbm H$WZ narrative Amho. EH$ ~wÁdm©
Xm§nË` nËZrÀ`m ‘aUmgÞ d{S>bm§H$Sy>Z Ë`m§Mr g§nÎmr
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 35
 hS>n H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$ma‘YyZ àdmgmg {ZKmbo Amho.
àg§Jr d{S>bm§Mm IyZ H$aÊ`mMrXoIrb Ë`m§Mr V`mar
Amho. àdmgmV Ë`m§Zm AZoH$ M‘ËH$m[aH$ àg§Jm§Zm
Am{U ‘mUgm§Zm gm‘moao Omdo bmJVo. `mV da Z‘yX
Ho$bobr ‘mUg§ AmhoV. {MÌnQ>mV 10 {‘{ZQ>o MmbUmam
Q´m{’$H$ O°‘ Amho. gVV hm°Z© dmOV AmhoV. H$H©$íenUo.
H$Yr EH$Xm ho hm°Z© Wm§~VmV Ag§ Ag§ àojH$m§Zm dmQ>V
amhV§. BVHo$ Vo Agø hmoVmV. OmJmoOmJr AnKmV
Pmboë`m ‘moQ>mar CbQ>çm nS>ë`m AmhoV, H$mhr OiV
AmhoV. OmJmoOmJr àoV§ nS>br AmhoV. bmoH§$ àoV§
Amobm§Sy>Z OmV AmhoV. àoVm§À`m A§JmdaÀ`m dñVw,
~yQ> MmoaV AmhoV.
d{S>bm§À`m Kar Vo nmohmoMVmV Va dS>rb AmYrM
‘obobo AmhoV. AmB© Ë`mMm g§nÎmr‘Ybm dmQ>m XoÊ`mg
ZH$ma XoVo. ho {VMm IyZ H$aVmV. naVrÀ`m àdmgmV Vo
{hßnr "H«$m§{VH$maH$m§À`m' VmdS>rV gmnS>VmV. hr
Midi Mmoè`m Am{U Za^jH$nUmda nmogbobr Amho.
ho Xm§nË` niyZ OmÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$aVo. nU {hßnr
bmoH$ Zdè`mMr Im§S>mi o r H$aVmV Am{U {eOdyZ ImVmV.
em§ V {ZgJm© À `m à{V‘m Am{U qhó H$ma-
àdmgmÀ`m à{V‘m {MÌnQ>^a gVV EH$‘oH$mer {^S>V
ahmVmV, EH$‘oH$mZm N>oX XoV amhVmV.
First name Carmen (1983)‘Ü`o qbJ
{b`aà‘mUo JmoS>m ñdV… H$m‘ H$aVmo. Ë`mbm EH$m
do S > ç m§ À `m BpñnVimV R> o d bo b § Amho , Vmo EH$
Jm|Yibobm {MÌnQ> {X½Xe©H$ Amho Am{U Ë`mMo S>mŠ° Q>a
Ë`mbm gVV gm§JV AmhoV H$s, Ë`mZo bdH$amV bdH$a
AmOmamMr bjU§ XmIdbr ZmhrV Va Ë`mbm H$mTy>Z
Q>mH$Ê`mV `oB©b. Vmo H$ma‘oZMm H$mH$m Amho. H$ma‘oZ
hr Aer `wdVr Amho H$s, {Obm H$ma‘oZ åhUVm
H$m‘m Z`o.
{MÌnQ>mV nwÝhm J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘Mm T>mMm dmnabobm
Amho . H$ma‘o Z {VÀ`m H$mH$mH$Sy > Z Ë`mMo
g‘wÐ{H$Zmè`mdarb Ka dmnamgmR>r KoVo. Vr Am{U
36 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
BVa bmoH$ ‘J EH$ ~±H$ bwQ>Ê`mMm à`ËZ H$aVmV.
bwQ>mbwQ>rÀ`m gmdù`m Jm|YimV H$ma‘oZ Omogo’$ `m
H$m°{‘H$ ~±H$-ajH$mÀ`m ào‘mV nS>Vo. (nwÝhm EH$Xm
VéUr Am{U {nñVyb.) `m {g¹o$Ýg‘Yrb O§n-H$Q>g²
nmhmÊ`mgmaIo AmhoV. nyU© {g¹o$Ýg {~Wm°doZÀ`m pñQ´§J
qg’$Zrda improvise Ho$bm Amho. ~°H$ bwQ>rÀ`m àg§JmV
H$mhr ‘mUg§ em§VnUo nwñVH§$ dmMV ~gbobr AmhoV.
JmoS>mZo Ë`mbm ‘wÔm‘ bwQ>w nQw >rM§ (stage-managed) ñdê$n
{Xb§ Amho. Omogo’$bm AQ>H$, gwQ>H$m Ago AZoH$
àg§J `oD$Z OmVmV. Omogo’$ Am{U H$ma‘oZ nwÝhm
H$mH$mÀ`m AnmQ>©‘|Q>‘Ü`o `oVmV. H$ma‘oZ {VÀ`mda
Pmboë`m b¢{JH$ à`ËZmMr H$hmUr gm§JVo. {VÀ`m
Vm|S>r EH$ dmŠ` Amho If I love you, that's the end of
you.
H$mH$m Om°ZoQ>da ‘J Ë`m J±JñQ>ada {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
H$aÊ`mMr O~m~Xmar Q>mH$VmV.
EH$m âb°e-~°H$‘Ü`o H$ma‘oZ gm§JVo H$s, ~±H$
bwQ>Uo Am{U H$mH$m Om°ZQo > `m§Zr J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
H$aUo hm A{YH$ ‘moR>çm H$mañWmZmMm ^mJ hmoVm.
EH$m ‘moR>çm CÚmoOH$mbm qH$dm Ë`mÀ`m ‘wbrbm nidyZ
ZoÊ`mgmR>r n¡go C^o H$aÊ`mgmR>r H$mH$m§Zr {X½X{e©V
Ho$bobr "’o$H$' J±JñQ>a {’$ë‘Mm {XImdm/~Zmd
H$am`Mm hmoVm.
eodQ>r {H$S>Zq° nJMm {Xdg COmS>Vmo. {’$ë‘ {X½X{e©V
H$am`bm H$mH$m JmoS>m AmhoVM. nmíd©^mJmda dmOUmar
qg’$Zr AmVm nS>Úmda {Xgy bmJVo. Omogo’$ H$ma‘oZda
{nñVyb amoIVmo, Jmoir CS>Vo, H$ma‘oZ Imbr H$mogiVo.
Vr ‘obobr Amho Ago g‘OyZ nmo{bg Omogo’$bm AQ>H$
H$ê$Z KoD$Z OmVmV. ^modi `oD$Z nS>bobr H$ma‘oZ
hm°Q>ob H$‘©Mmè`mbm åhUVo. What it is called when
the innocents are on one side and the guilty on the
other, when everything has been lost but you are
still breathing and the sun is still rising. H$‘©Mmar
CÎma XoVmo. Daybreak,
 {MÌnQ>mMr aMZm Aer Amho H$s, Ë`mVrb Ñí`o
H$erhr bmdbr Var ’$aH$ nS>Uma Zmhr.
JmoS>mM åhUyZ Jobm` {MÌnQ>mbm gwédmV, ‘Ü`,
eodQ> Agmdm. nU Vmo Ë`mM H«$‘mZo Agbm nm{hOo
Ag§ H$mhr Zmhr. àM{bV H$WZmË‘H$ {MÌnQ>m§Zm,
Ë`m§À`m {MÌnQ>mÀ`m KmQ>mbm CÔoeyZ hr JmbmVë`m
JmbmV H$monaIir Amho. {MÌnQ> aMZoMr, H$WZmMr,
nmoVmMr H$er CbWnmbW H$aVm `oVo ho Ë`mZo Amnë`m
King Lear {MÌnQ>mVyZ XmIdyZ {Xb§. 1983‘Ü`o H°$ZZ
H§$nZrÀ`m ‘w»` {Z‘m©Ë`mZo JmobmZZo (Menahem Golan
Am°’$ Golan Globus )Zo H$mÝg {’$ë‘ ’o$pñQ>ìhbÀ`m
Xaå`mZ JmoS>mer S>rb Ho$b§. (ho H$m±ÝQ°́ŠQ> Ë`m§Zr EH$m
hmVé‘mbmda Ho$b§.) Ë`m§Zm Amnë`m {gZo‘mda nS>bb o m
~mOmê$, commercial hm {e¸$m nwgyZ Q>mH$m`Mm hmoVm.
S>rb hmoV§ 1 Xe bj S>m°ba, Am{U JmoS>mZo H$m`
H$am`M§ hmoV§ Va Ë`mZo eoŠg{n`aÀ`m King Lear da
{’$ë‘ ~Zdm`Mr hmoVr. (`mbmM åhUVmV ñdV…M
ñdV…À`m nm`mda Hw$èhmS> ‘mê$Z KoU)§ JmobmZ åhUmbm
I love this project! I believe in it, I think it will be a
great movie!
Z§Va Ooìhm {’$ë‘bm Cera hmoD$ bmJbm Ver
JmobmZZo KmofUm Ho$br XrS> dfm©nydu H°$ZZ {’$ëågZo
JmoS>mÀ`m qH$J {b`a `m {MÌnQ>mMr KmofUm Ho$br
hmoVr. AmVm e§H$m dmQ>Vo Amho H$s, Vmo {MÌnQ> H$Yr
hmoB©b Var H$m? Amåhr Am‘Mm {dídmg Am{U nV
J‘mdyZ ~gbmo`. ho dmŠ` JmoS>mZo Q>on Ho$b§ Am{U
{MÌnQ>mÀ`m gwadmVrg Og§À`m Vg§ dmnab§! eoŠg{n`a
hm JmoS>mÀ`m Ñï>rZo ’$º$ Q>Šo ñQ> hmoVm. Ë`m‘wio eoŠg{n`aM§
adaptation Vmo H$aob Aer gwVam‘ eŠ`Vm ZìhVr.
Ë`mbm eoŠg{n`aÀ`m JmOboë`m g§dmXmnojm Ë`mVrb
gmd©{ÌH$ Wråg‘Ü`o ñdmañ` hmoV§. gÎmm Am{U
gX²gX²{ddoH$~wÕr, dS>rb Am{U ‘wbJr, eoŠg{n`aMm
fool ({dXyfH$) Am{U ì`mdhm[aH$ OJ, ^mfm Am{U
^mdZm, eãX Am{U à{V‘m `m§À`mVrb nañnag§~§Y
`mV Ë`mbm ag hmoVm. Ë`m‘wio Vmo eoŠg{n`aÀ`m
Q>oŠñQ>bm ‘yb^yV minimalistic nmVirda KoD$Z `oVmo.
qH$J {b`aMm ‘J ‘m{’$`m S>m°Z {b`amo hmoVmo.
{b`a, H$m°S>} {b`m, Am{U ES>Ja gmoS>y Z gd© BVa nmÌm§Zm
S>ƒy {‘iVmo.
eoŠg{n`aÀ`m ZmQ>H$mVë`m ’$maM H$‘r Amoir
{MÌnQ>mV `oVmV. Ë`mhr WoQ> nmÌmÀ`m Vm|S>r, ZmhrVa
nS>Úm~mhoa qH$dm {ZdoXZmVyZ `oVmV. ßbm°Q>Mo Fear
and Loathing play the thing no thing Aem àH$maMo
‘Wio hmoVmV. {MÌnQ>mÀ`m gwédmVrgM Amnë`mbm
gm§{JVb§ OmV§ H$s, boIH$ Am{U Ë`mMr ‘wbJr {MÌnQ>
gmo S y > Z niy Z Jo b r`.(Vo Ia§ M hmo V § ) Vo niy Z
OmÊ`mAmYrMo XmoZ em°Q>g JmoS>m XmIdVmo.
MoZm}{~b‘Yrb AUy-^Å>r ’w$Q>ë`mZo gd© g§ñH¥$Vr
Zï> Pmbr Amho H$m`?, hm hmXam ‘mZdmZo ‘mZdVoMo
H$m` qYS>dS>o H$mT>boV Aem AWm©Mr dmŠ`o `oD$Z
Joë`mda Amnbm ‘yi protagonist {XgVmo. Vmo AmoiI
H$ê$Z XoVmo (nS>Úm~mhoarb AmdmO) ‘r Amho {dë`‘
eoŠg{n`a Á`w{ZAa-nmMdm. EH$sH$S>o Q>o~bda ‘wbJr
ghO åhUyZ eoŠg{n`aÀ`m Amoir åhUV Amho so
young my lord ..and true EH$sH$S>o S>moŠ`mda dm`a
~m§Ybobm JmoS>m (eoŠg{n`aMm {dXyfH$) ~gbobm
Amho. Vo ~è`mM Q>mB‘nmg åhUyZ AZoH$ Jmoï>r H$aV
AmhoV Am{U H$YrVar eoŠg{n`aÀ`m AmoirXoIrb
åhUV AmhoV.
hm eoŠg{n`aMm nmMdm d§eO Ë`mÀ`m nyd©OmZo
{b{hbobo ZmQ>H$ emoYyZ H$mT>Ê`mÀ`m à`ËZmV Amho.
Agm hm ßbm°Q>, Ia§ Va Z-ßbm°Q> Amho. gwg§JV
Aer Hw$R>brhr Jmoï> Vmo gm§JV Zmhr. à{V‘m, AmdmO,
‘Wio, Q>oŠñQ>, BVa H$bmH¥$VtMo g§X^© Am{U BVa
AZoH$ àm§Vm§VZy KoVbobo g§X^© KoD$Z {MÌnQ>mMr OS>U-
KS>U hmoV OmVo.
nmMdm eoŠg{n`a H°$ZZÀ`m gm§ñH¥${VH$ {d^mJmÀ`m
S>çyQ>rda Amho. nU AmVm H$mhrM Cabobo Zmhr.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 37
 ‘Wim `oVmo "No Thing' eoŠg{n`aÀ`m qH$J {b`a‘Ü`o
Ooìhm H$m°S}>{b`m åhUVo {Vbm H$mhr ZH$mo, Voìhm
qH$J {b`a åhUVmo Nothing comes out of nothing,
JmoXX©Zo ‘mZdr g§ñH¥$VrbmM "no Thing' H$ê$Z Q>mH$b§`
(Am{U {’$ë‘ ‘mÜ`‘mbmXoIrb)! Protagonist BVa
{X½Xe©H$m§Mr {M̧ nmhV AgVmZm `oUmam eoŠg{n`aÀ`m
gm°ZQo >Mm AmdmO, nwT>rb H$mhr Ñí¶m§ZV§ a `oUmam "Q>~o b-
Q>m°n' em°Q> (Q>o~bmda nS>boë`m IoiÊ`mda hbUmam
àH$me) Aer {H$Ë`oH$ {gZo‘°{Q>H$ Ñí`o `mV ‘w~bH$
AmhoV, nU Ë`m AW©hrZ à{V‘m AmhoV. ^mfm Am{U
{dMma `mdarb qMVZXoIrb JmoS>m‘Ü`o {XgUmao Amho.
Amnë`m `m {MÌnQ>mVyZ JmoS>m OUy åhUVmo` Amo[a{OZb
{dMma, ^mfm, consciousness `mVrb g§~§Y AË`§V
Jw§VmJw§VrMo AmhoV. eãX, à{V‘m, AmdmO Am{X‘
AmhoV Am{U VoM Amnb§ ‘mZg KS>dVmV.. EH$ nmÌ
(ZQ>r) åhUV§, Ë`m à‘mUo ^mfm ho EH$ Ka Amho,
Á`mÀ`mV AmnU amhVmo.
eoŠg{n`aÀ`m {b`aÀ`m n{hë`mM A§H$mV ‘moR>r
‘wbJr åhUVo ga, eãX AmdmŠ`mV KoD$ eH$V ZmhrV
Ë`m nojm ‘r Vw‘À`mda ào‘ H$aVo. Ñï>rbmhr PonUma
Zmhr, AdH$me, ñdV§Í¶ `mÀ`mhr nbrH$S>o OmUmao
ào‘ ‘r H$aVo.
H$m°S}>{b`m, åhUVo Nothing. H$maU {VMo ào‘ ho
{VÀ`m ^mfonojm ‘moR>o Amho. hm VmpÎdH$ YmJm JmoS>mZo
{MÌnQ>^a nH$S>bm Amho. {b`aMr emoH$m§{VH$m EH$m
Ñï>rZo ^mfoMr emoH$m§{VH$m Amho. H$m°S>} {b`m H$m` åhUVo
Amho ho {b`abm {VZo dmnaboë`m ^mfo n{bH$S>o OmD$Z
H$ib§ AgV§, Am{U BVa ‘wbr§À`m ^mfoVyZ Amboë`m
ào‘mMm nmoH$inUm Ë`mÀ`m bjmV Ambm AgVm Va
H$Xm{MV hr emoH$m§{VH$m Q>ibr AgVr. JmoS>mbm
"ZmdmV H$m` Amho?' Agm àíZM nS>V Zmhr (amo{‘Amo
A±S> Oy{bEQ>‘Ü`o amo{‘Amo åhUVmo ZmdmV H$m` Amho?
Jwbm~mbm H$mhrhr Zmd {Xb§ Va Vo VodT>oM gwJ§{YV
AgUma!) JmoS>m ‘mÌ nS>Úmda åhUVmo, Am{U Aja§
38 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
`oVmV I ain't interested in names nmMdm eoŠg{n`a
Ë`mbm JXmJXm hbdyZ åhUVmo look, no names, no
lines, no lines, no story, no story no plot JmoS>mbm
{MÌnQ>mVyZ hoM Va H$am`M§ Amho! {MÝhm§Mm ^yb^wb`¡ m
Ë`mbm V`ma H$am`Mm`!
AmË‘-H$WZ Am{U ñ‘¥Vr, g§ñH¥$Vr Am{U B{Vhmg,
{MÌnQ>mMm Am{U {MÌnQ>mVyZ B{Vhmg, ^mfm Am{U
à{V‘m, ^mfoMm VmoH$S>onUm, {ZgaS>o ‘mZdr g§~§Y,
gm¢X`©‘r‘m§gm Am{U AmË‘^mZ, Z¡{VH$Vm Am{U
{MÌnQ>, amOH$maU Am{U g§ñH¥$Vr, {MÝh-‘r‘m§gm
Am{U VÎdkmZ, ÑH$ à{V‘m Am{U Ë`m§Mr OS>U-
KS>U Am{U àdmg Aem {H$VrVar {df`m§da JmoS>m
{MÌnQ>mVyZ qMVZ H$aV amhrbm.
Vmo g‘rjH$ hmoVm, VÎdk hmoVm, g‘mOemók
hmoVm, {MÝh {M{H$ËgH$ hmoVm, amOH$s` {dMmad§V
hmoVm, ~§S>Imoa hmoVm Am{U BVa ~a§M H$mhr hmoVm.
‘w»` åhUOo Vmo JmoS>m hmoVm!
Agm EH$ gXmo { XV g‘H$mbrZ, {MaVéU,
{MÌnQ>mMr ^mfm ‘yimnmgyZ T>diyZ Q>mH$Umam EH$ "`m
g‘ hmM' {X½Xe©H$ d`mÀ`m 91ì`m dfu EH$ O§n-
H$Q> ‘mê$Z {gZo{dídmVyZ {ZKyZ Jobm, `mda {dídmg
~gV Zmhr.
Hw$Ur gm§Jmd§ AmnU Ë`mÀ`m Am`wî`mbm The
End Q>m`Q>b bmdm`Mmo Am{U Ë`mMr EImXr H$YrM
àH$m{eV Pmbr Zmhr Aer {’$ë‘ gmnS>m`Mr Am{U
Vmo nwÝhm gwê$ ìhm`Mm!

dJ© U rXmam§ Z r Amnbm ìhm° Q >² g A° n H« $ ‘m§ H $ "n[adV© Z mMm
dmQ>gê$'À¶m 9763206212 ¶m ìhm°Q>g A°n H«$‘m§H$mda
H$idmdm. Amnë¶m gd© VH«$matMr XIb VmVS>rZo KoVbr OmB©b.
- ì¶dñWmnH$
 {deof `wÕnQ> ~ZdUmè`m gd©gmYmaU {MÌnQ>H$mamMm amoI EH$ Va `wÕmÀ`m
~mOyZo AgVmo qH$dm `wÕmÀ`m {déÕ AgVmo. n{hë`m JQ>mVbo
{MÌnQ>H$ma amï´>^º$sbm qH$dm H$moUË`mVar CXmÎm ‘mZë`m Joboë`m
Ü`o`mbm gdm}ƒ boIVmV. Aem àH$maÀ`m H$mën{ZH$ dm gË`
KQ>Zm§da ~oVbobo Ë`m§Mo {MÌnQ> H$moUË`mVar Ü`o`dmXr `wÕmM§ H$S>dno Uo
"g¡{ZH$' - g‘W©Z H$aVmV. `m {MÌnQ>H$mam§Zm `wÕ AWm©VM Mm§Jb§ dmQ>V§.
CbQ>njr Xwgè`m ‘hm`wÕmZ§Va ~Zboë`m AZoH$ nm{íM‘mË` {’$ëågZr
JmoS>mMm AIoaMm `wÕm‘wio KS>bob§ ‘mZdr H«$m¡`m©M§ W¡‘mZ d ‘mZdr ‘yë`m§Mm gd©Zme
`m§À`mda àH$mePmoV Q>mHy$Z `wÕmbmM qZÚ ‘mZb§ d àË`jmàË`jnUo
{MÌnQ> em§VVoMm nwañH$ma Ho$bm. `wÕ hr g§H$ënZmM Ë`mÁ` Amho, Ag§ ho
Xwgè`m JQ>mVbo {MÌnQ>H$ma àojH$m§Zm gm§Jy BpÀN>VmV.
VWm{n, "g¡{ZH$' Zm‘H$ {MÌnQ>mV ’«|$M "Ý`y doìh'Mm EH$ àUoVm
Á`±-ë¶y JmoS>m (Jean-Luc Godard) Cnamoº$ Xmohm|n¡H$s H$moUVrhr EH$
Jmoï> H$arV Zmhr. Ë`mÀ`m `m {’$ë‘‘Ü`o JmoS>mMm AmJim n{dÌm
gwHw$‘ma {XgyZ `oVmo. H$moUVrhr EH$ ~mOy Z KoVm `wÕnQ> H$gm ~Zy eH$Vmo -
{eXmoao Aer e§H$m H$mhr {Okmgy§À`m ‘ZmV `oU§ gmh{OH$ Amho. VWm{n, hr
{’$ë‘ åhUOo EH$ `wÕnQ> Zìho, Ag§ bjmV KoVë`mg `m e§Ho$M§
AmnmoAmnM {ZagZ hmoV§. `wÕ-à{H«$`oer {ZJ{S>V Agboë`m gm‘mÝ`
g§H$ënZm§Zm, AmXa^mdm§Zm Am{U {ZfoY-àMmambm {’$ë‘‘Ü`o
OmUrdnyd©H$ H$mQ> XoÊ`mV Ambm Amho. `wÕmÀ`m qhgH$ XoImì`m§Zm
Vg§M ‘mZdr `mVZm d aº$nmVmbmhr gm¡å` d H$mhrem AmoPaË`m
nmVirda Xe©dÊ`mV Amb§ Amho. Xoe^º$sMm qH$dm VWmH${WV
CXmÎm C{Ôï>m§Mm Va ‘mJ‘yghr {MÌnQ>mV Zmhr. (OmVm OmVm :
{’$ë‘M§ ‘yi ’«|$M Zmd "Les carabiniers', Am{U B§p½be Zmd "The
Soldiers'. ‘amR>rV "g¡{ZH$' åhUVm `oBb © . ‘w~§ B©Vrb {’$ë‘ gmogm`Q>r
g^mgXm§Zm hr {’$ë‘ 1968 gmbr XmIdÊ`mV Ambr hmoVr.)
{MÌnQ>mMr nmíd©^y‘r `wÕmMr Amho. EH$m ’w$Q>H$i XoemM§ Xwgè`m
{VVŠ`mM ’w$Q>H$i Xoemer `wÕ Ow§nb§ Amho. J«m‘rU ^mJmVbo XmoZ
^mD$ `wÕmV gm‘rb hmoVmV. H$embm {dMmamb Va Ë`m§À`m ‘ZmV Zm
Xoe^º$s CM§~iV AgVo Zm H$moUË`mVar "^ì`' C{Ôï>mgmR>r bT>Ê`mMr
Ë`m§Zm B©fm© AgVo. Ë`m ^mdm§Mr H$maU§ doJirM AgVmV. Ë`m§Mr
boIH$ nwUopñWV amOH$s¶ gm{h˶mMo Aä¶mgH$
ImÌr Pmbobr AgVo H$s, EH$Xm H$m bT>mB©V "g¡{ZH$' åhUyZ Om°B©Z
AmhoV. PmbmV ‘J Vwåhmbm gJio JwÝho ‘m’$ hmoVmV. CbQ> JwÝhoJmar
sukumarshidore@gmail.com CMmnVr H$aU§ Vw‘M§ "H$V©ì`' hmoV§ Ag§ åhQ>b§ Var Mmbob. g¡{ZH$mbm
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 39
 V‘m‘ J¡a-àH$ma COi ‘mÏ`mZo H$aVm `oVmV. naamï´>mV
qhS>Vm `oV§, ZmdS>Ë`m ‘mUgm§À`m nmR>rV Iwemb gwam
IwngVm `oVmo, ‘moQ>maJmS>çm§Zr ‘Zgmoº$ {’$aVm `oV§,
B‘maVtZm AmJr bmdVm `oVmV Am{U hm°Q>obm§VyZ {~b§
Z XoVm ~mhoa nS>Vm `oV§. AmUIrhr Iyn M¡Z H$aVm
`oVo. g¡Ý`-^aVr H$am`bm Ë`m§À`mH$S>o Amboë`m EH$m
[aH«w$qQ>J gmOªQ>Zr Ë`m§Zm Vg§M gm§{JVbob§ AgV§.
Ver ½dmhr {Xbr AgVo. {edm` IwÔ amOmM§ nÌhr
Ë`m§Zm {Xb§ AgV§, Oo nÌ Vo XmoK§ Zdo g¡{ZH$ pIemV
OnyZ R>odVmV. ("amOmM§ nÌ' åhUOo dmñV{dH$ nhmVm
Ho$di EH$ N>mnrb nÌH$ AgV§.)
Va ‘J Vo XmoZ J«m‘rU ^mD$ - {‘eob|Oobmo Am{U
Cbrñgo - Amnë`m ~m`H$m§Mm {Zamon KoVmV {Z `wÕmda
{ZKVmV. Am{U IamoIaM Ë`m§Zm àË`` `oVmo H$s
Ë`m§Zm {‘imboë`m dMZmà‘mUo gd© Aíbm¿` nU
AmdS>Ë`m Jmoï>r Vo AmZ§XmV {Z CËgmhmV H$ê$ eH$V
hmoVo.
H$mhr ‘moOH$s Ñí`o nhm : EH$m ~mB©bm - AWm©VM
eÌwnjmÀ`m - {‘eob A§JmdaMo H$nS>o CVadm`Mm
hþH$w ‘ XoVmo Am{U Vr à{H«$`m AY©dQ> Pmbobr AgVmZmM
{VÀ`mda ñdma hmoD$Z bhmZ ‘wbmgmaIm KmoS>m-KmoS>m
IoiVmo. Xwgè`m EH$m Ñí`mV EH$ eÌy njmMm OdmZ
añË`mÀ`m ~mOybm nmoñQ>a {MH$Q>dVmZm {‘eob nmhVmo,
Am{U gai Ë`mÀ`m nmR>rV gwam IwngVmo. aº$mÀ`m
{MiH$m§S>çm CS>V Agmì`mV nU Ë`m Amnë`mbm
’$maem {XgV ZmhrV - H$maU H°$‘oam {VH$S>o nhm`M§
Q>miVmo. Xwgam g¡{ZH$ ^mD$ Am`wî`mV n{hë`m§XmM
EH$m {gZo‘m-J¥hmV {eaVmo, Am{U Ooìhm nS>Úmda
ñZmZ H$aUmar gw§Xar {XgVo, Voìhm {Vbm ZrQ> ~KVm
`md§ åhUyZ {gZo‘mMm nS>Xm Q>amQ>am ’$mS>Vmo.
XmoÝhr g¡{ZH$-^mD$ Aem àH$mao `wÕ-joÌmV ‘moH$mQ>
gwQ>bb o o AgVmV Am{U ~o’$m‘ OrdZ ‘Zgmoº$ OJVmV.
Ooìhm XmoK§ Amnë`m KamH$S>o naVVmV, Voìhm XmoKm§Zr
Ë`m§À`m ~m`H$m§gmR>r {nŠMa nmoñQ>H$mS>mªMo JÇ>oÀ`m JÇ>o
40 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
AmUbobo AgVmV. `wÕmV H$moUVr ~mOy qOH$br Vo
Ë`m§Zm ‘mhrV ZgV§. AWm©VM Ë`m§Mm Xoe habobm
AgVmo! Ë`m§Mr Z§VaMr H¥$Vr åhUOo Vo amOmbm emoYy
bmJVmV Am{U Ë`m§Zm ~{jgr {‘imbr nm{hOo Aer
‘mJUr H$ê$ bmJVmV. `m ‘mJUrMr gÎmmYmè`m§H$Sy>Z
ì`dpñWV à{V{H«$`m {‘iVo. XmoÝhr ^mdm§Mm W§S>nUo
ImV‘m H$aÊ`mV `oVmo. Ë`m§À`m ‘aUmda H$moUrhr Aly
T>miV Zmhr. dñVwV… {’$ë‘‘Yrb H$moUË`mhr ‘¥Ë`yMm
H$moUrhr XwIdQ>m nmiV Zmhr d nmiUma ZgVmo.
Am{U Ë`mMà‘mUo H$moUrhr "hr ~mOy qOH$br'
åhUyZ qH$dm "Vr ~mOy habr' åhUyZ AmZ§XmoËgd
gmOam H$aUma Zmhr. Zm BWo {dO` AmhoV, Zm namO`!
BWo AmhoV Vr ’$º$ àoV§ - Am{U Vr Var Hw$R>o AmnU
ZrQ>er ~Ky eH$bmo? nU {’$ë‘‘Ü`o EdT>§ ‘mÌ ZrQ>nUo
H$ib§ H$s, Á`mZ§ YS>H$s ^amdr Ag§ ‘¥Ë`y‘Ü`o H$mhrhr
Zmhr. Zm `wÕmV H$mhr ^`mZH$ Amho, Zm em§VVoV
H$mhr Y¸$mXm`H$ Amho!
‘J AW© Amho Var H$embm? ~hþYm, H$embmM
Zmhr. JmoS>m `m àíZmM§ CÎma XoD$ BpÀN>V Zmhr. {’$ë‘‘Ü`o
H$moUVmhr àíZ {dMmam`Mm Amd AmUbobm Zmhr.
àíZ {dMmam`À`m H$ënZoMrM gwánUo pI„r CS>dÊ`mV
Ambr Amho. `mbm H$m` åhUm`M§ - {g{Z{gP‘ H$s
ApñVÎddmX H$s Xwga§ H$mhrVar? AmnU gm§Jy Zmhr
eH$V. nU {dMmaeº$sbm Oamgm VmU {Xë`mg C‘OV§
H$s, {’$ë‘ EH$OmV gJù`m§À`mM ‘yI©nUmda {Z
VH©${dg§JVr~m~V nwaog§ ^mî` H$aVo. `wÕ Am{U `wÕ-
H$mbrZ {hamo; em§VVm Am{U em§VVm-H$mbrZ {hamo.
‘mZdOmVrÀ`m {ZåZV‘ loUrda Zo‘H§$ ~moQ> R>odyZ hr
{’$ë‘ àË`oH$ àH$maÀ`m Xm§{^H$nUmH$S>o R>m‘nUo nmR>
{’$adVo.
`m {MÌnQ>mM§ AmìhmZ ~wÕrbm Amho, ^mdZm§Zm
{VVH$g§ Zmhr. {MÌnQ>mV OmUrdnydH© $ XyaËdmMm n[aUm‘
(nmZ H«$. 46 da)
 {deof boI hm boI {b{hÊ`m‘mJo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr AmoiI H$ê$Z XoUo hm
‘w»` CÔoe Amho. Ë`mM ~amo~a VËH$mbrZ g‘mOì`dñWo‘Ü`o
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr ñWmZ{Z{íMVr H$aUo hmhr Amho. ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOmMm Aä`mg hmoUo Am{U Ë`m§Mr gÚpñWVr BVa gm‘m{OH$
KQ>H$m§g‘moa AmUUo ho AË`§V JaOoMo Amho. "JaOoMo' ‘r `m H$maUmZo
‘arAmB©dmbo åhUVmo, H$s, ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m gm‘m{OH$ Am{U Am{W©H$
{dH$mgmgmR>r BVa {dH${gV gm‘m{OH$ KQ>H$m§À`m hñVjonmMr
g‘mOmMo Amdí`H$Vm Amho. ~è`mMí`m ~w{ÕOrdtgmo~V ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOmg§X^m©V MMm© Ho$br AgVm Ago AmT>iyZ Ambo H$s, nmoVamO
(A)ñWm¶rH$aU åhUOoM ‘arAmB©dmbo Agm Ë`m§Mm g‘O Amho. ‘arAmB©dmbo
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‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr AmoiI

boIH$Û¶ VwiOmnya ({O.Cñ‘mZm~mX) pñWV Q>mQ>m
g‘mO{dkmZ g§ñWoV AZwH«$‘o g§emoYZ ghmæ¶H$ d
ghmæ¶H$ àmܶmnH$ AmhoV.
mangeshsawant100@gmail.com
sai@tiss.edu
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gm‘m{OH$ AdñWm§Va KoD$Z `oV Amho.
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- Vo XoD$Z ~Xë`mV Ho$g KoUo.
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`m nwT>Mmhr ‘wÔm BWo CnpñWV H$aUo ‘bm OéarMo
dmQ>Vo. Vmo Agm H$s, ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mO hm ñdV…bm
Añn¥e JUë`m OmUmè`m g‘mOm§nojm loð> ‘mZVmV.
Ë`m§Mm H$b VWmH${WV CƒdUu` g‘wXm`mMo AZwH$aU
H$aÊ`mH$S>o Amho. `mMo àË`§Va g‘mOmÀ`m b¾
g‘ma§^mV {XgyZ `oV Amho. Aä`mgm Xaå`mZ {dH«$‘
‘arAmB©dmbo Zm‘H$ ‘wbmMm b¾ g‘ma§^ nmhÊ`mg
{‘imbm. Ë`mV OmUdyZ Amboë`m ~m~r Aem àH$mao
hmo˶m
Ë`mMm {ddmh ‘hmamï´>mVrb gm§Jbr {OëømV
Pmbm. ‘moR>m ‘§S>n, AmYw{ZH$ g§JrV gm{hË` Am{U
dmÚ, KmoS>çmdê$Z {‘adUyH$ Agm ‘moR>m Vm‘Om‘
b¾mV nmhm`bm {‘imbm. {dH«$‘À`m d{S>bm§M§ åhUU§
Ag§ hmoV§, Amåhmbm ‘amR>m dmÊ`m dmUr b¾ H$am`M§
hmoV Am{U Vg§ Amåhr Ho$b§`.
åhUOoM CXa{Zdm©hmÀ`m gmYZm§Mm {dMma H$aVm
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMm gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rV ImbÀ`m
WamV àdoe Pmbobm Amho Am{U g‘mOmMm H$b
CƒdUu` g‘mOmÀ`m AZwH$aUmH$S>o Amho. `m gd©
AdñWm§Vam‘Ü`o ^m¡Jmo{bH$ÑîQ>çm g‘mO Hw$R>o pñWamdbm
`m dê$Z BVa g‘mOmZo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMm H$gm
ñdrH$ma Ho$bm Amho ho {XgyZ `oB©b.
JmdR>mUmVrb ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m bmoH$dñVrMo
ñWmZ
g‘mO pñWamdV AgVmZm Jmdm~mhoarb nS>rH$
O{‘Zrda g‘mOmMr nmbo nS>br. gÚpñWVrV {deofV…
IS>H$s Am{U Iwng§Jr Jmdm‘Ü`o ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMr
bmoH$dñVr hr ‘hma, ‘mV§J, Xadoer, H¡$H$mS>r Aem
Am{U AemàH$maÀ`m BVa gm‘m{OH$ÑîQ>çm
‘mJmgboë`m g‘wXm`m§À`m bmoH$dñVreoOmar Amho.
‘hÎdmMm ‘wÔm hm H$s, CnOr{dHo$À`m gmYZm§Mm
ñdrH$ma ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmZo ñdoÀN>oZo KoVbm Amho
na§Vw ^m¡Jmo{bH$ÑîQ>çm Agbobo ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMo
dmñVì`mMo {R>H$mU ho BVa gm‘m{OH$ÑîQ>çm
‘mJmgboë`m g‘wXm`m§À`meoOmar AgUo ho BVa
g‘mOmÀ`m bmoH$dñVrMm {dñVma Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo
g‘mOmÀ`m bmoH$dñVrÀ`m {dñVmamZo KSy>Z Ambobo
Amho. hm ‘wÔm WmoS>çm {dñV¥V ñdê$nmV ñnï> H$ê$`mV.
‘wimV ‘arAmB©dmbo Aem Jmdm§‘Ü`o ñWm{`H$ Pmbo
{OWo JmdR>mUmV BVa ‘mJmg g‘mOm§Mo dmñVì` hmoVo,
Ogo IS>H$s Am{U Iwng§Jr. XmoÝhr Jmdm§‘Ü`o CƒdUu`
bmoH$m§Mo dmñVì` eoVm‘Ü`o dmS>çm dñ˶m§da Amho.
¶mMo H$maU Ë`m§À`mH$S>o Agboë`m O{‘Zr Am{U BVa
eoVrnyaH$ ì`dgm`. XmoÝhr Jmdm§À`m JmdmR>mUm§‘Ü`o
‘hma, ‘mV§J, Mm§^ma, ìhê$b, Xadoer, H¡$H$mS>r, ‘wñbr‘
Aem g‘mOm§Mo dmñVì` Amho. 60 Vo 70 dfm©nydu
‘arAmB©dmbo JmdmÀ`m {edoda `oD$Z am{hbo. Vgm Ë`m
doiog BVa ‘mJmgdJu` g‘mO Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo
`m§À`m dñVr‘Ü`o ~aoM A§Va hmoVo. na§Vw H$mbm§VamZo
Hw$Qw>§~ {d^mOZm‘wio Am{U OmJoÀ`m H$‘VaVo‘wio
bmoH$dñVr dmT>V Jobr Am{U gÚpñWVrV Ago {XgyZ
`oVo H$s, BVa g‘mO Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo `m§Mr
bmoH$dñVr hr AJXr IoQy>Z Amho.
‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmMo (A)ñWm`rH$aU
aoUHo$ H${‘Q>r (2008)‘Ü`o ^Q>H$s O‘mV ñWm{`H$
Pmbr H$s, Ë`m§Zm ^oS>gmdUmè`m g‘ñ`m H$‘r hmoVmV
Ago Zm|X{dbobo Amho. nU `m Aä`mgm‘m’©$V ‘bm
Ag§ {XgyZ Amb§` H$s, ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mOmÀ`m ^Q>H$s
Vo ñWm{`H$ Ago AdñWm§Va hmoV AgVmZm Ë`m§À`m
g‘ñ`m§Mohr AdñWm§Va Pmbobo Amho. BVam§Zm Vmo
{dH$mg dmQ>Vmo, nU Vgm Vmo I{MVM Zmhr.
g‘mO pñWamdbm, BVa ñWm{`H$ g‘mOm§gmo~V
Ë`m§Mo g§~§Y dmT>bo, qH$dm nmbmV amhUmam g‘mO
Mma q^VrV amhÿ bmJbm åhUOo Ë`m§Mm {dH$mg Pmbm
Ago åhUVm `oUma Zmhr. Ago VwQ>nw§Oo ‘mnX§S> KoD$Z
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 45
 Ë`m§Mm {dH$mg ‘moOUo åhUOo Ë`m§Mr AdhobZm hmo`.
BVa ñWm{`H$ g‘mOmMm {dH$mg ‘moOVmZm Xa S>moB©
CËnÞ, AmYw{ZH$ OrdZ e¡br, AË`mYw{ZH$ gmYZm§Mm
dmna, Cƒ {ejU Aem àH$maÀ`m ‘mnX§S>m§Mm Cn`moJ
Ho$bm OmVmo Am{U ‘arAmB©dmbo g‘mO ñWm{`H$ Pmbm
åhUOo Vmo {dH${gV Pmbm Ago åhUUo {H$VnV `mo½`
Amho. Voìhm VyVm©g Var AgmM {ZîH$f© {ZKVmo H$s,
gm‘m{OH$ CVa§S>rÀ`m AJXr ImbÀ`m Wam‘Ü`o àdoe
H$aUmè¶m ‘arAmB©dmbo O‘mVrZo ^Q>H$s O‘mV åhUyZ
Vm|S> Úmì`m bmJUmè`m AS>MUr ‘mZJwQ>rda AgVmZmM
AmUIrÀ¶m ZdrZ g‘ñ`m§Zm Amnë`m Camda KoVbo
Amho.

g§ X ^© g y M r
Bokil, M. (2002). De-Notified and Nomadic Tribes: -
Perspective. Economic and Political Weekly.
MìhmU Ama. EZ. (2006), ^Q>³¶m {d‘wº$m§Mr OmVn§Mm¶V
(I§. 3), Xoe‘wI Am{U H§$. àH$meZ, nwUo
MìhmU Ama. EZ. (2013) ^Q>³¶m {d‘wº$m§Mo A§Va§J, gwJmdm
àH$meZ, nwUo
Renake, B. (2008). National Commission for de-notified,
nomadic and semi-nomadic tribes. New Delhi: Ministry
of Social Justice Empowerment Government of India.
gwHw$‘ma {eXmoao>... (n¥ð> H«$. 40 dê$Z)
gmYÊ`mV Ambm Amho qH$dm alienation effect Á`mbm
åhUVmV Vmo Adb§{~Ê`mV Ambm Amho. "hm {MÌnQ>
Amho, {MÌnQ> Amho, {MÌnQ> Amho' - hm ‘wÔm AmdOy©Z
R>gdÊ`mV Ambm Amho. nU Vo {gZo‘mM§ V§Ì Pmb§ -
e¡br Pmbr. ‘w»` åhUOo Omo g§Xoe Úm`Mm Vmo
JmoS>mZo `m AZmo»`m {MÌnQ>mÛmao {Z{íMVM {Xbobm
Amho. Mm§Jë`m {MÌnQ>mnmgyZ AmUIr H$m` Anojm
H$am`Mr?
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Ho$bobm ñd¡a AZwdmX da {Xbm Amho. Ë`m§Mm hm ‘yi B§p½be
boI Zdr {X„rÀ`m The Citizen and Weekend Review `m
{X. 27 gßQ>|~a 1968À¶m gmám{hH$mV àH$m{eV Pmbm hmoVm.

"n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$'Mr
ê$' dJ©Ur ~±H$ Q´>mÝg’$aZo ^aʶmgmR>r Vnerb
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46 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$

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nmQ>rb (1887-1959) `m XmoZ ‘hmZ ì`{º$‘Îdm§‘Ü`o H$mhr
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AmT>iVmV.
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‘Ü`o Q>pŠgJr {ejU Q´qo ZJ g§ñWoV ‘hËà`mgmZo Ë`m§Zm àdoe {‘imbm.
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à~moYZmMr EH$ H«$m§{VH$mar Á`moV noQ>dbr. {ejUmMm g§nyU© A^md
nmQ>rb Agë`m‘wio H¥$îUdUu` bmoH$ ^`§H$a Aem àH$maMo neyVwë` OrdZ
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Z`o? amoO XmV Kmgmdo bmJVmV, hohr `m bmoH$m§Zm Odinmg ‘mhrVM
XrnH$ ZìhVo. Pmonmdo H$go? Amamo½`mMr H$miOr... `m~m~V ho bmoH$
~moaJmdo (g§nyU©V…) AZ{^k hmoVo. ñdV… ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§Zr AmnbmM
EH$ {H$ñgm Ë`m§À`m AmË‘M[aÌmV (Up from Slavery, 1901)
gm§{JVbm Amho.
gwédmVrbm h°åßQ>Z `m g§ñWoV Ë`m§Zr VoWrb dg{VJ¥hmV H$gm~gm
àdoe {‘idbm. {VWo PmonÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm EH$ JmXr {Xbr hmoVr.
Vmon`ªV ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z ho O{‘ZrdaM PmonV AgV. Ë`m‘wio
Ë`m§Zm hr JmXr H$er dmnamdr? ho g‘OV ZìhVo. åhUyZ Vo Iyn
Jm|YiyZ Jobo. Ë`m§Zm H$mhr H$ioZm. eodQ>r Zoh‘rà‘mUo O{‘Zrda
PmonyZ Ë`m§Zr amÌ H$mT>br. nU JmXrMo H$m` H$am`Mo? ho Ë`m§Zm Z
g‘Oë`m‘wio Ë`m§Zr hr JmXr A§Jmda KoVbr. nU Ago H$aUo ho
MwH$sMo Amho. JmXr hr O{‘Zrda A§Wam`Mr AgVo Am{U Ë`mda
Pmonm`Mo AgVo, ho Ë`m§Zm Z§Va g‘Obo.
Jwbm‘ AgUo åhUOo H$m`? Jwbm‘rMo OrdZ H$m` AgVo?
Vwåhmbm Hw$UrVar {dH$bobo AgVo. Vwåhr Jwbm‘ AgVm åhUOo
Vw‘Mo H$moUrVar ‘mbH$ AgVmV. Vw‘Mr AmB©XoIrb {dH$br Jobobr
AgVo. {Vbm Hw$UrVar {dH$V KoVbobo AgVo. Vr EH$ dñVy AgVo.
boIH$ nwUpo ñWV B§JO
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n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 47
 qH$dm {dH$V KoVbm Jobobm H«$`dñVy AgVmo/~ZVmo.
ho H$m` Amho gmao ^`§H$a? AgoM CÒma H$moUmMohr
{ZKmdoV Agm hm ‘mZdr B{VhmgmVrb ãb°H$ n°M
H¥$îUdUu` B{VhmgmVrb AmOhr ’$magm {’$H$m Zmhr.
Vmo {Od§VM Amho. (AbrH$S>oM A‘o[aHo$V 25 ‘o,
2020 `m {Xder H$m` KS>bo? ho AmnUmbm ‘mhrV
Amho. 46 dfm©Mm Om°O© âbm°BS> `m H¥$îUdUu` VéUmbm
A‘o[aH$Z nmo{bgm§Zr EImÚm H¥$‘r H$sQ>H$mbm {MaS>mdo
Vgo {XdgmT>dù`m gdmªg‘moa ^aañË`mda {MaS>bo).
Zmo~ob nm[aVmo{fH$ {dOoË`m bopIH$m Q>moZr ‘m°[agZ
(1931-2019) `m§Zr `m ^`§H$a Aem AË`mMmamMm
Am{U AÝ`m`mMm Aä`mg H$ê$Z EH$ ‘moR>m J«W§ {b{hbm
Amho. Ë`mV øm gmè¶m `mVZm Am{U ^`§H$a Aem
ì`Wm§Mo {MÌU Amho. Ë`m§À`m "X {~bìhoS>' (1987)
Am{U "gm± J Am° ’ $ gm° b mo ‘ Z' (1993) `m
H$mX§~è`m§‘YyZhr ho {MÌU C‘Q>bobo Amho.
Amnë`mH$S>o d§edmXmMm ’$magm g§gJ© Zmhr. nU
OmVdmXmMm Amho Am{U Vmo {VVH$mM ^`§H$a Am{U
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Ho$ë`mg, Jar~, l‘H$ar Am{U emo{fV g‘mO Am{U
àñWm{nV Pmbobm g‘mO `m§À`m‘Ü`o AgUmar Xar
hr ‘moR>r H$er? d H$m? `mMm A§XmO KoVm `oVmo.
H¥$îUdUu` bmoH$m§Mr n[apñWVr hr AJXr doJir, ho
Iao Amho Ago AmnU ‘mZy`m. nU `mMo ê$n Oar
doJio Agbo Var, Am{W©H$ Am{U gm§ñH¥${VH$ emofUmMm
{dMma H$aVm, "Ame`' ‘mÌ VmoM am{hbm Amho.
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n[apñWVr hr ^`§H$aM hmoVr (AmOhr Vr VerM
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amhV hmoVm. `m§Zm {ejUm{edm` Xwgam H$moUVmhr
n`m©` ZìhVm. ho bjmV KoD$Z ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr
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hm Ðï>m {dMma `m XmoÝhr ‘hmËå`m§‘Ü`o AmnUmbm
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H$m`©H$V}, {dMmad§V, ZoVo, g§KQ>Zm, Midir, Zdo
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~mo{Sª>½g Am{U emim H$mT>mì`mV hm {dMma gwMUo
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Ho$bo. hr Jmoï> `m XmoÝhr ‘hmËå`m§‘Ü`o AmnUmg nmhm`bm
{‘iVo.
H¥$îUdUu`m§Mo {hV {d{dY àH$maÀ`m ì`mdgm{`H$
H$m¡eë`mMo à{ejU g§nmXZ H$aÊ`mV Amho Ago ~wH$a
Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§Zr åhQ>bo Amho. Jar~, AY©{e{jV,
A{e{jV, {Zaja, eoV‘Oya Agboë`m H¥$îUdUu`
bmoH$m§Zm Am¡Úmo{JH$ d eoVr{df`H$ H$m¡eë`mMo à{ejU
Úm`bm hdo, ho Ë`m§Zr hoabo hmoVo. `mVyZ Am{W©H$ ñW¡`©
bm^yZ Ë`m§Zm {ejU KoUo eŠ` hmoB©b, hm Ë`m§Mm
àH$ën hmoVm. `mVyZM H$‘dm Am{U {eH$m hr EH$
A^yVnyd© Aer {ejUmMr nÕV ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z
`m§Zr àË`jmV am~dbr. Zo‘H$s hrM Jmoï> ^mD$amd
nmQ>rb `m§Zr Ho$br. H$maU {ejUmgmR>r Jar~ g‘mOmbm
n¡go H$moU XoUma? Ë`m§Zm ñW¡`© H$go bm^Uma? Am{U
ñW¡`m©{edm` {ejU hmoD$ eH$V Zmhr hm {ejU
àmárMm {gÕm§V Ë`m§Zm ‘mhrV hmoVm.
`m XmoÝhr ‘hmËå`m§Zr ho H$m‘ nwT>o gmVË`mZo bmdyZ
Yabo. Amnë`m H$m‘mnmgyZ Am`wî`^a ho XmoKo EH$
jUhr {dM{bV Pmbo ZmhrV. ho `m§Mo ‘hmËå`.
^mD$amd nmQ>bm§À`m gwédmVrÀ`m H$mimV Odinmg
gJù`mM emioÀ`m Am{U ‘hm{dÚmb`mÀ`m B‘maVr
{dÚmWm©Zr H$‘dm Am{U {eH$m `m `moOZoVZy ~m§Yboë`m
AmhoV. a`V {ejU g§ñWoMo gmVmè`mVrb n{hbo
‘hm{dÚmb`, {edmOr H$m°boO ho {dÚmÏ`mªZr l‘
Am{U H$ï> H$ê$Z ~m§Ybo. AemM àH$maMo H$m‘ ~wH$a
Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§Zr Ho$bo. Q>pŠgJr g§ñWo‘m’©$V
H¥$îUdUu`m§Zm {ejUmMr g§Yr Ë`m§Zr {‘idyZ {Xbr.
H¥$îUdUu`m§Zm gaH$mar d BVa ‘mJm©VyZ Am{W©H$ ‘XV
C^maÊ`mMo ‘moR>o H$m‘ Ë`m§Zr Ho$bo.
~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z ho Cƒ{e{jV hmoV.o nU ^mD$amd
nmQ>rb ho gmVì`m dJm©n`ªV H$goVar nmohmoMbo hmoVo.
B§J«Or, J{UV Am{U g§ñH¥$V ho {df` åhUOo ^mD$amd
nmQ>bm§Mo eÌy Z§~a EH$. nU ‘moR>çm bmoH$m§Mo EH$
{deof AgVo. ^mD$amdm§Zr `mM {df`mÀ`m gmVmè`mV
Q>çweÝg Ho$ë`m. `m Q>çweÝg Ë`m H$mimV gmVmè`mV
Iyn bmoH${à` hmoË`m. Amnë`mbm B§J«Or `oV Zmhr?
AmoHo$. ‘J Vo gmVmè`mVrb EH$m p¼íMZ Y‘©JwéH$S>o
OmD$Z B§JO « r {eH$m`Mo Am{U VoM Amnë`m Q>çe w Z‘Ü`o
`oD$Z Amnë`m nmoam§Zm {eH$dm`Mo. AmnUmbm g§ñH¥$V
`oV Zmhr. AmoHo$. ‘J Ë`m§Zr gmVmè`mVrb EH$ g§ñH¥$V
n§{S>V nH$S>bm. Ë`mZo gm§{JVboë`m doiobm Vo OmD$Z
Ë`m§À`mH$S>o g§ñH¥$V {eH$m`Mo. H$Yr H$Yr hr doi
^ë`m nhmQ>o Mma dmOVmXoIrb Agm`Mr. ‘J Vo
^ë`m nhmQ>o Mma dmOVm Ë`m n§{S>Vm§À`m Kar Om`Mo
Am{U {VWo Oo g§ñH¥$V Vo {eH$m`Mo, VoM Q>çweZ‘Ü`o
`oD$Z Amnë`m nmoam§Zm {eH$dm`Mo. hrM Jmoï> J{UVmMr.
~hþOZ Am{U Jar~ g‘mOmVrb ‘wbm§{df`r Agboë`m
Anma ào‘m‘wio ho Ë`m§Zr Ho$bo. Ë`m H$mimVrb
nmbH$m§‘Ü`o Ë`m§Mo Zmd nmQ>rb ‘mñVa Ago hmoVo.
nmQ>rb ‘mñVam§~Ôb nmbH$m§Zm Anma AmXa hmoVm.
n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 49
 `mMo à‘wI H$maU H$m` hmoVo? Va nmQ>rb ‘mñVa
EH$M Jmoï> AZoH$Xm {eH$dVmV. `m~Ôb ^mD$amd
nmQ>bm§Mo åhUUo doJioM hmoVo. Vo åhUm`Mo H$s, ho
{df` {eH$dVmZm Oa ‘wbJm {eH$m`bm H$ƒm Agob
Va ‘bm Ë`mMm A{YH$ ’$m`Xm ìhm`Mm. H$maU Ë`mbm
EH$M Jmoï> AZoH$Xm {eH$dyZ Vmo {df` ‘mPmhr n¸$m
ìhm`Mm. Amnë`m ‘Zm‘Ü`o ZH$mamË‘H$ Jmoï>tZm H$Yrhr
^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr H$Yr Wmam {Xbm Zmhr. Ë`m§À`m
H$m`m©V Am{U OJÊ`mV AmnU H$ënZmhr H$ê$ eH$Uma
Zmhr Aem àH$maÀ`m AS>MUr Amë`m. nU Ë`mda
Ë`m§Zr `eñdrnUo ‘mV Ho$br. hrM Jmoï> ~wH$a Q>r.
dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m‘Ü`oXoIrb AmnUm§bm {XgVo.
`m XmoZ ‘hmZ H$m`©H$Ë`mª‘Ü`o AOyZ EH$ ‘hÎdmMo
gmå` Amho. ho XmoKho r ’$S}> dºo$ hmoV.o `m§Mm g‘mOemó,
amOH$maU, AW©emó, ‘mZgemó `m gJù`m {df`m§Mm
Aä`mg Xm§S>Jm hmoVm. Ë`mMo à{Vq~~ Ë`m§À`m
^mfUm§‘YyZ C‘Q>m`Mo. VËH$mbrZ amOH$maUmV ^mD$amd
nmQ>rb ho OmD$ eH$bo AgVo. Vgm Ë`m§Zm ‘moh ìhmdm
Aer n[apñWVr Z¸$sM hmoVr. eoVH$ar H$m‘Jma njmMo
Vo g§ñWmnH$ g^mgX hmoV.o Ë`m§Zr amOH$maUm‘Ü`o àdoe
H$amdm Aem àH$maMm AmJ«h AZoH$m§Mm hmoVm. nU
Zmhr. ^mD$amdm§Zr ho Ho$bo Zmhr. H$maU Ë`m§Zm H$m`
H$am`Mo Zmhr? ho n¸o$ R>mD$H$ hmoVo. J[a~mÀ`m nmoam§Zm
{eH$dUo hoM Amnbo OrdZH$m`© Amho ho Ë`m§Zr AmoiIbo
hmoVo (Aem àH$maMo ‘moR>onU ho `m Aem AmË‘^mZmVyZ
`oV AgVo). {ejUmÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZM AJXr ~wH$a
Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z gmaIoM Vo H$m‘ H$aV amhrbo. Ë`m§Zr
‘hmamï´>mMm g§nyU© gm§ñH¥${VH$ MohamM ~XbyZ Q>mH$bm.
Aem àH$maMo AOyZ H$moUr H$m‘ Ho$bo Amho H$m?
Agm Ooìhm {dMma AmnU H$aVmo Voìhm, n§Om~amd
Xoe‘wI Am{U H$‘©dra {hao hr Zmdo `mg§X^m©V nQ>H$Z
S>moù`mg‘moa `oVmV. nU `m XmoÝhrhr ì`º$s (n§Om~amd
Xoe‘wI Am{U H$‘©dra {hao) amOH$maUmV H$mhrEH$
^y{‘H$m ~OmdV Amnbo e¡j{UH$ joÌmVbo H$m‘ H$aV
50 1 Vo 15 Am°³Q>mo~a 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$
am{hbo. ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§Zr ho Ho$bo Zmhr, ho Ë`m§Mo
{deof. Ë`mdoiMo Ë`m§Mo ghH$mar JmS>Jo ‘hmamO Am{U
ñdV… Jm§YrOr `m§ZrXoIrb ^mD$amdm§À`m H$m‘m~Ôb,
Ë`m§À`m àM§S> Aem øm `moJXmZm~Ôb Am{U Q>mHo $mÀ`m
~m§YrbH$s~Ôb AmíM`© ì`º$ Ho$bo hmoVo.
~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m~Ôbhr hrM Jmoï>
nmhm`bm {‘iVo. ^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§À`mgmaIoM Vohr
’$S}> dºo$ hmoVo Am{U OmUyZ-~wOyZ, R>adyZ, gH$maU Vo
amOH$maUmV H$YrM Jobo ZmhrV. Vem àH$maMr g§Yr
Am{U Vem àH$maMm AmJ«h Ë`m§Zm H$m`‘ hmoV am{hbm.
nU Vo amOH$maUmV Jobo ZmhrV. Ago Pmbo AgVo Va
e¡j{UH$ joÌmVrb Ë`m§Mo H$m`© Pmbo ZgVo. amOH$maUmV
OmUo hr Jmoï> Ë`m§Zm ñdmWm©Mr dmQ>br. Agm C„oI
Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m AmË‘M[aÌmV Ho$bm Amho. (Booker
T. Washington, Up from Slavery First Print 1901,
Reprint, 2020, Maple Classics, Noida, India, p. 75).
~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z `m§À`m `m H$m‘m‘wio H¥$îUdUu`
d ídoVdUu` g‘mOm‘Ü`o EH$ g§dmX gmYbm Jobm.
Ûof, Oi’$imQ>, qhgm, ~Xbm Aem `m XwîH¥$Ë`m§Zm
H$dQ>miÊ`mnojm ào‘, ghH$m`© Aem gå`H$ ‘mJm©Zo
H$m`© H$aVm `oVo, ho Ë`m§Zr XmIdyZ {Xbo. hoM VÎd
Ë`m§Zr Amnë`m g§nyU© Am`wî`mV nmibo. ^mD$amd
nmQ>rb `m§Zrhr ‘wpñb‘ Am{U BVa g‘mOmVrb bmoH$m§Zm
Odi Ho$bo. ~«måhU bmoH$m§Zm Amnë`m g§ñWoV Ë`m§Zr
gm‘mdyZ KoVbo hmoV.o ~wH$a Q>r. dm°qe½Q>Z Am{U H$‘©dra
^mD$amd nmQ>rb `m§À`mVrb ho gmå` AmOÀ`m
nmíd©^y‘rda ’$ma ‘hÎdmMo Amho.
"{ejUmÀ`m ‘mÜ`‘mVyZ ~aoM H$mhr AmnU H$ê$
eH$Vmo', hr C‘u AmO g§nV Mmbbobr AgVmZm `m
‘hmZ AmËå`m§À`m `moJXmZm‘wio {ZameOZH$ ^mdZm
nwgQ> hmoV OmVmV. ho gË` ZmH$maVm `oUma Zmhr.
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