P Watsaru 1st Feb 2022

df© 21 / A§H$ 19
qH$. 25 é. / 1 Vo 15 ’o$~«wdmar 2022
ISSN: 2250-3145
dJ©UrMo Xa … dm{f©H$ … 600 é., Ì¡dm{f©H$ … 1,600 é.,

Xedm{f©H$ … 5,000 é., gm°âQ> H$m°nrgmR>r dm{f©H$ 200 é.,
gm°âQ> + N>mnrb 700 é. darb nÎ¶mda B© ‘Zr Am°S>©a, MoH$
qH$dm {S>‘m§S> S´>mâQ>Zo dJ©Ur nmR>dmdr. "n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$' ¶m
ZmdmZo MoH$ / {S>‘m§S> S´>mâQ> Agmdm.
~±H$ Q´>mÝg’$aZo dJ©Ur âÊ¶mgmR>r Vnerb
~±H$ Am°’$ B§{S>¶m, ’$½¶w©gZ H$m°boO amoS> emIm, nwUo & ~MV ImVo
… Pariwartanacha Vatsaru
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¶wnrAm¶ no‘|Q>gmR>r ~ma H$moS>
¶wOrgr Ho$Aa J«wn 1>‘Ü¶o "n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$' nm{jH$mMm

‘pëQ>{S>{gpßbZar ¶m H$moQ>rH«$‘m§VJ©V g‘mdoe Ho$bm Amho.
g§ñWmnH$ g§nmXH$
A^¶ H$m§Vm*
g§nmXH$
àkm X¶m ndma & Zmam¶U ^mogbo & ‘mYwar Xr{jV & gwa|Ð Om|Yio
H$m¶©H$mar g§nmXH$
Xod|Ð B§Jio & {Xbrn MìhmU
g§nmXH$ ‘§S>i
àÁdbm VÅ>o, dram amR>moS>, H$br‘ AOr‘,
amhr lw. J., d¥fmbr ‘JXÿ‘
ghì¶dñWmnH$
àH$me dmK‘mao
g§nH©$ nÎmm
59/64, H$m¡ñVw^ AnmQ>©‘|Q>
XþH$mZ Z§. 7 E, H$g~m noR>
’$Ur Amir Vmb‘rOdi, nwUo 411011
g§nH©$ … 9763206212
pwatsaru@yahoo.com
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*nr. Ama. ~r. H$m¶ÚmZwgma g§nmXH$s¶ O~m~Xmar

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amhþb nw§J{b¶m 5
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Amnë¶m AW©ì¶dñWoMr Am^mgr dmT> 14
{dO¶ {XdmU
~±H$ {dbrZrH$aU … EH$ ’$gbobm à¶moJ 22
Xo{dXmg VwiOmnyaH$a
amOÐmohmMm H$b§{H$V H$m¶Xm 28
{ZVre ZdgmJao
A{^dmXZ
EZ. S>r. ga … ‘hmamï´>mMm Z¡{VH$ bmoH$nmb 39
A{OV ‘JXÿ‘
goPMm bT>m 49
EZ. S>r. nmQ>rb
‘mÜ¶‘m
g‘VogmR>r "g‘Vm' 62
lram‘ JS>H$a
AmnU ho dmMb§¶ H$m?

bmB©’$ A±S> Q>mB©åg Am°’$ ‘m¶Ho$b Ho$ 73
gË¶oZ hm|~mir
AmXam§Obr
Ab{dXm emhra amOm nmQ>rb 79
M§ÐH$m§V ~m~a
nwñVH$ n[aM¶
gr‘mbT>çmMm g‘J« B{Vhmg 86
d¥fmbr ‘JXÿ‘
Cno{jVm§Mr H$hmUr gm§JUmar "{^ZdmS>m' 96
AmZ§X qdJH$a
3
g§emoYZna boIZ - {Z¶‘mdbr 107
1 Vo 15 ’o$~«wdmar 2022 & n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$ & 4

A {V Wr g§ nm X H$s ¶
{H$aU ‘mZo, A‘moob H$moëho Am{U

"ñdmV§Í¶mÀ¶m nbrH$S>bo'
‘mJrb AmR>dS>çm‘Üò A{^ZoVo {H$aU ‘mZo `m§Zm {dÚ‘mZ

gaH$mada Ë¶m§Zr Ho$boë¶m Q>rHo$‘wio "‘wbJr Pmbr hmo' `m
{gar`b‘YyZ H$mTy>Z Q>mH$ë`m~Ôb ~arM MMm© Pmbr. Va `m
AmR>dS>çm‘Üò S>m.° A‘mob H$moëho `m§Zr ZWwam‘ JmoS>gM
o r ^y{‘H$m
Ho$ë`m~Ôb Ë`m§À`mda Q>rH$m Pmbr. `m XmoÝhr KQ>Zm OUy
EH$‘oH$m§nmgyZ ñdV§Ì AmhoV Aem à{V{H«$`m XoÊ`mV Amë`m.
{H$aU ‘mZo `m§À`m A{^ì`º$s ñdmV§Í`mMm I§Xm nwañH$ma H$aUmaoM
A‘mob H$moëho `m§À`m ^y{‘H$m {ZdS>r~Ôb Vrd« {damoY H$aVmZm
{XgV AmhoV.
àW‘V… `m XmoÝhr MMm© A{^ì`º$s ñdmV§Í¶, H$bm ñdmV§Í¶
`m n[aKmV H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm Jobm. H$moëho `m§À`m JmoS>gÀo ¶m
^y{‘Ho$~Ôb H$bm ñdmV§Í`m~ÔbXoIrb H$mhr àíZ CnpñWV
Pmbo. `m XmoÝhr MMmª‘Üò ñdV…bm nwamoJm‘r g‘OUmè`m JQ>mZo
nañna{damoYr ^y{‘H$m gmo`rñH$aarË`m KoVbr ho CKS> Amho.
`m XmoÝhr KQ>Zm§‘Üò H$bm ñdmV§Í`mMm qH$dm H$bmH$mamÀ`m
ñdmV§Í`mMm Vgm ’$magm ‘wÔm ZìhVm, ho bjmV KoVbo nm{hOo.

H$maU ‘amR>r ‘m{bH$m `m H$mhr H$bm ZìhoV. ’$ma Va ’$ma
Ë`mbm ‘Zmoa§OZ qH$dm H$a‘UyH$ åhUVm òB©b. Ë`m‘Üò ’$ma
‘moR>çm gH$g A{^Z`mMr JaO ZgVo. H$moëhoZ§ r A{^{ZV Ho$boë`m
{gZo‘o d {g[a`ëg~ÔbXoIrb hoM åhUVm òB©b. ’$ma Va ’$ma
`m XmoÝhr àH$aUm§‘Üò ì`º$sMo ì`dgm`mMo ñdmV§Í¶ d
{dMmañdmV§Í¶ ho ‘wÔo EoaUrda hmoVo/AmhoV Ago åhUmdo bmJob.
g‘mOm‘Üò {d{dY CËnmXZ H$aUmao CÚmoJY§Xo AgVmV. AmÎmmÀ`m
CÎma-AmYw{ZH$ g‘mOm‘Üò bmoH$m§Mo ‘Zmoa§OZ H$aUmao H$maImZo
AmhoV. doJdoJù`m {g[a`ëg, {gZo‘,o g‘mO‘mÜ`‘o ho Vo H$maImZo
AmhoV. `m CÚmoJm§‘Üò H$m‘ H$aUmè`m ì`º$s¨Zm, Ë`m‘Üò
{X½Xe©H$, H°$‘oam‘Z, E{S>Q>a Am{U A{^ZoVoXoIrb Ambo, BVa
H$maImÝ`m§Vrb H$m‘Jmam§BVHo$ A{YH$ma AmhoV. `m H$a‘UwH$sÀ`m
CÚmoJm‘Üò qH$dm AS>moZm} åhUVmo Vem gm§ñH¥${VH$ CÚmoJm§‘Üò
qH$dm H$ëMa B§S>ñQ´r‘Üò H$bm ñdmV§Í`, A{^ì`º$s ñdmV§Í`mMo
‘wÔo H$go òVmV? ^m§S>dbr CËnmXZmÀ`m BVa CÚmoOH$Vo‘Üò
Ogo Z’$m, ñdmW©, H$m‘Jmam§Mo emofU, H«$`dñVy§Mr {dH«$s d
Cn^mo J Ago KQ> H $ AgVmV Vo M KQ> H $ `m H$a‘Uy H $
CÚmoJm§‘ÜòXoIrb AmhoV. {gar`ëg, {gZo‘o, g‘mO‘mÜ`‘m§Mo
‘mbH$ `m‘YyZ Z’$m H$‘{dÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$arV AgVmV. `m
Jmoï>r V`ma H$aUmao V§Ìk, H$bmH$ma ho Vgo H$m‘JmaM AgVmV.
H$bmH$ma ho H$YrH$Yr ñdV… H«$`dñVyXoIrb ~ZVmV, åhUOoM
H$‘mo{S>Q>r ~ZVmV. {OVH$m ‘moR>m H$bmH$ma åhUOo ñQ>ma H$bmH$ma
Vmo ñdV… H« $ `dñVy X o I rb AgVmo Am{U Ë`m dñVy M m
‘mbH$XoIrb. åhUOo Vmo ñdV…Mm ‘mbH$ AgVmo. {Z‘m©Ë`m§À`m

^mJrXmarV Vmo ñdV…Mr à{V‘m {dH$V AgVmo. `m H$a‘UwH$sMm
Cn^mo º $m J« m hH$ hm g‘mO AgVmo . Q>o { bpìhOZ d
g‘mO‘mÜ`‘m§À`m ~m~VrV Cn^moº$m Am{U CËnmXH$ `m
^y{‘H$m§Mr ga{‘gi hmoVo. àojH$ d lmoË`m§Mm g{H«$` gh^mJ
H$a‘UwH$sÀ`m CËnmXZm§‘Üò AgVmo. àgma‘mÜ`‘m§À`m gwédmVrÀ`m
H$mimV g‘mOmMr {ZpîH«$` g§‘Vr qH$dm H$Ýg|Q> {‘idbr
Om`Mr. dV©‘mZnÌ, ao{S>Amo, gwédmVrMm {gZo‘m `m ‘mÜ`‘m§‘YyZ
àojH$m§Mr ‘Zo didbr Om`Mr. ‘Vo ~Zdbr Om`Mr. na§Vw
àojH$m§Mm ñdV…À`m {Z{‘©Vr‘Ybm gh^mJ H$‘rVH$‘r Agm`Mm.
Q>o{bpìhOZ, AmYw{ZH$ {gZo‘m, g‘mO‘mÜ`‘o, B§Q>aZoQ> `m‘Üò
àojH$, {Z{‘©Vr à{H«$òVbm EH$ A{d^mÁ` KQ>H$ Pmbm Amho.
ømMr Vw b Zm H$mhrer Ym{‘© H $ {dYter H$aVm ò B © b .
bmoH$gh^mJm{edm` Ym{‘©H$ {dYr g§nyU© hmoD$ eH$V ZmhrV.
ì`º$s hm Ym{‘©H$ {dYtMm Ho$di VQ>ñW Cn^moº$m ZgVmo Va
Ë`mMr ‘mÝ`Vm, Ë`mMr dV©UyH$, Ë`mMr ‘mZ{gH$Vm d Ë`mMr
^mfm `m Ym{‘©H$ {dYtZr gmH$mam`bm Ë`mMr nadmZJr Agmdr
bmJVo. {dYr‘Üò Ë`mMm gh^mJ Agmdm bmJVmo. Am{U
VarXoIrb Ë`mMo Ë`m {dYtda Hw$R>bohr {Z`§ÌU ZgVo. ho {dYr
AVrVJm‘r AZw^d{díd C„§KUmao, Ë`m§À`m nbrH$S>Mo AmhoV
Aer lÕm ^m{dH$mMr AgVo. Amnbm ghO g{H«$` gh^mJ
^m{dH$ {dgê$Z OmVmo d AmnU Ho$di `m {dYr§Mo {Z{‘Îm‘mÌ
hñVH$ AmhmoV Am{U H$Vm©-H$a{dVm doJimM Amho Aer
Ë`m§Mr lÕm AgVo.
AemM arVrZo g‘mO‘mÜ`‘m§‘YyZ d XyaXe©Z‘YyZ {XgUmè`m

dmñVdm~Ôb àojH$m§Zm dmQ>V AgVo. EH$m ~mOybm Vo Iaohr
dmQ>V AgVo , Va Xw g è¶m ~mOy b m Ë`m‘Üò ^md{ZH$
Jw§VdUyH$XoIrb AgVo. Vr ì`{º$JV {ZdS>rMr d hñVjonmMr
Jmoï>XoIrb AgVo. ‘mÌ {dYr d H$a‘UyH$ `m§‘Yrb VwbZm ’$ma
VmUyZ MmbUma Zmhr. {dYr EH$m O¡{dH$ g‘mOm‘Yrb O¡{dH$
’$blwVr AmhoV. na§Vw H$a‘UyH$ CÚmoJ, g‘mO‘mÜ`‘o A{Ve`
OmUrdnyd©H$, hoVyV… gOJnUo Ho$boë`m Jmoï>r AmhoV. AmYw{ZH$
g‘mOm‘Yrb BVa Jmoï>tà‘mUoM `m Jmoï>tMr O~m~Xmar àËòH$
ì`º$sda Amho. BWo doS> nm§Kê$Z noS>Jmdbm OmVm `m`Mo Zmhr.
g‘mO‘mÜ`‘o d H$a‘UyH$ `mMr {ZdS> àËòH$ àojH$, lmoVm Cn^moº$m
H$arV AgVmo d Ë`m Cn^moJmMr O~m~XmarXoIrb nyUn© Uo Ë`mMr
AgVo. Ë`m Cn^moJmgmR>r Vmo n¡go ‘moOV AgVmo. ho Am^mgr {díd
Amho, ho Ë`mbm nyUV© `m ‘m{hVr AgVo. VgoM BWo ~mOmamMo gd©
{Z`‘ bmJy hmoVmV hoXI o rb Ë`mbm EH$m ~mOybm ‘m{hVr AgVo.
`m CÚmoJmV H$m‘ H$aUmar ‘mUgo Ë`mÀ`mgmaIoM H$m‘Jma AgVmV,
gm‘mÝ` AgVmV, ho Vmo OmUyZ AgVmo.
‘mZ|Zm Ooìhm Ë`m§À`m {gar`b‘YyZ H$mT>bo Am{U H$moëho
`m§Zr ^y{‘H$m Ho$br åhUyZ Ë`m§Zm {damoY Ho$bm hr Ë`m§À`m
ì`mdgm{`H$ ñdmV§Í`mda JXm Ambr Agm àH$ma Amho. {H$aU
‘mZo `m§À`m ~m~VrV Ë`m§À`m amoOramoQ>r {‘idÊ`mÀ`m h¸$mda
{gar`bÀ`m {Z‘m©Ë`m§Zr Kmbm KmVbm, Va H$moëho `m§À`m
ì`mdgm{`H$ ñdmV§Í`m~Ôb Ë`m§Mo àojH$ à{VHy$b A{^àm` XoV
AmhoV. {H$aU ‘mZo `m§Zm nmqR>~m XoUmao bmoH$M H$moëho `m§À`m
{damoYmV ‘Vo ì`º$ H$arV AmhoV.

`m {dg§JVr~amo~a BVahr H$mhr {dg§JVr Amnë`m gm§ñH¥${VH$
AdH$memV AmhoV. H$moëho `m§Zr ZWwam‘ JmoS>goMr ^y{‘H$m
H$aUo ho AZno{jV dmQy> eH$Vo. H$maU H$moëho Ohmb qhXwËddmXr
{dMmam§Mo Zmhr Va Vo {ZY‘u amï´>dmX ‘mZUmè`m ‘w»` àdmhmVrb
EH$m njmMo ZoVo AmhoV. Oa H$moëho ho qhXwËddmXr {dMmam§Mo
AgVo Va Ë`m§Zr hm {MÌnQ> H$aÊ`m~Ôb ’$magm {damoY Pmbm
ZgVm. ZWwam‘ JmoS>goMr ^bm‘U H$aUmè`m Hw$R>ë`mhr
H$bmH¥$Vrbm OodT>m {damoY hmoVmo VodT>m Pmbm AgVm. na§Vw hr
^y{‘H$m H$aUmè`m ì`º$sbm {damoY Pmbm ZgVm. hm {damoY
AOyZ àIa hmoVmo, H$maU H$moëh|Zr AmYr Ho$boë`m ‘amR>m
B{VhmgmVrb ‘hmZ ì`º$s¨À`m ^y{‘H$m. N>ÌnVr {edmOr ‘hmamO
Am{U g§^mOr ‘hmamO `m§À`m ^y{‘H$m Am{U ñdV… H$moëho hr
ì`º$s `m§Mo g‘rH$aU g‘mOmZo Ho$bo Amho. H$moëøm§H$S>o ì`º$s
qH$dm A{^ZoVm Z ~KVm {edmOr ‘hmamO d g§^mOr ‘hmamO
`m§À`m à{V‘m§Mo dmhH$ åhUyZ ~{KVbo OmVo. Amnë`mH$S>o
H$boÀ`m g§H$ënZo‘Üò H$bmH$ma hm X¡dr eº$sMm dmhH$ AgVmo.
Vmo Ë`mÀ`m H$bm {df`m§‘wio PnmQ>bobm AgVmo, Aer EH$
AàJë^ g‘O Amho. {deofV… A{^Z`joÌm‘Üò EImXm A{^ZoVm
Á`m ^y{‘Ho$V Amnë`mbm {XgVmo, Vr ^y{‘H$m {Od§V H$aÊ`mgmR>r
Ë`m ì`{º$aoIoÀ`m AmV Ë`mbm Omdo bmJVo, Vr ì`{º$aoIm
OJmdr bmJVo åhUOoM Vr ì`{º$aoIm H$mhr H$mi Ë`m
A{^ZoË`mÀ`m AmV òVo, Ë`mbm Vmã`mV KoVo Agm g‘O
Amho. Ë`m‘wio H$moëho `m§Zr AmYr Ho$boë`m {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À`m
^y{‘Ho$Z§Va Ë`m§Zr Jm§YrOtÀ`m IyÝ`mMr ^y{‘H$m H$amdr ho bmoH$m§Zm

Mm§JboM IQ>H$V Amho. BWo `m gJù`m n¡go XoUmè`m ^y{‘H$m
AmhoV. `m ^y{‘H$m§Mr {ZdS> ì`mdgm{`H$, Y§XodmB©H$ H$maUm§‘wio
hmoVo, `m dmñVdmer bmoH$OmUrdm§Mm g§Kf© hmoVmo. Ë`m‘wio
H$moëho `m§Zr Ho$bobr ZWwam‘À`m ^y{‘Ho$Mr {ZdS> Am{U Ë`m
{ZdS>rMo Ë`m§Zm Agbobo ñdmV§Í¶ ZmH$mabo OmV Amho.
Á`m g‘mOmbm amOoemhrda EdT>r lÕm Amho Ë`mM g‘mOmbm
Jm§YrOtgma»`m bmoH$emhr éOdUmè`m ‘hmZm`H$mMoXoIrb
H$m¡VwH$ Amho. ‘hmamOm§~Ôb lÕmdmZ AgU§, Z‘«Vm, brZVm,
nyU© eaU OmUo, {d^yVr nyOZ `m Jmoï>r EH$ doi R>rH$ AmhoV.
H$maU amOoemhr‘Üò àOoH$Sy>Z hrM Anojm AgVo. na§Vw
Jm§YrOtgma»`m bmoH$emhrMo ‘y{V©‘§V àVrH$ Agboë`m
ì`º$s~Ôb hr nyO{Z`Vm, hr brZVm Ano{jV Zmhr. Jm§YrOtZr
g{dZ` H$m`Xo^J§ , AghH$ma, amÁ`H$Ë`mªZm {damoY hr bmoH$emhr
VÎdo OZ‘mZgmV Imob éOdU§ eŠ` Amho ho {gÕ H$ê$Z
XmIdbo. {edmOr ‘hmamOm§À`m H$ë`mUH$mar amOoemhr~ÔbMo
AmH$f©U Am{U Jm§YrOt~ÔbMm AmXa `m XmoÝhr nañna{damoYr
Jmoï>t‘Üò VmU Amho. amOoemhr {H$Vrhr bmoH$m{^‘wI,
H$ë`mUH$mar Agbr VarXoIrb {VWo A§{V‘ A{YH$ma àOobm
ZgVmo. amOm§Mr BÀN>m hm A§{V‘ eãX AgVmo. `m CbQ> Á`m
^maVr` bmoH$emhr Midirbm Jm§YrOtZr A{Ve` ì`mnH$ d
gImob ñdê$n XoV J[a~mVë`m Jar~, Xw~ù`mVë`m Xw~ù`m
^maVr` ‘mUgmbm Amnë`m A{YH$mam§Mr, bmoH$emhr ‘yë`m§Mr
OmUrd H$ê$Z {Xbr Ë`m bmoH$emhr‘Üò bmoH$m{YH$ma hm A§{V‘
AgVmo. BWo EH$m Jmoï>r~Ôb e§H$m {Z‘m©U hmoVo. Jm§YrOt~Ôb

AmXa dmQ>Vmo åhUyZ ZWwam‘ JmoS>goMm amJ òVmo H$m ZWwam‘
JmoS>g~o Ôb àM§S> jmo^ Amho åhUyZ Jm§YrOt~Ôb ‘‘Ëd dmQ>V?o
AmOMo {ZdSy>Z Jobobo n§VàYmZ, bmoH$m§À`m A{YH$mam§{déÕ
ZwH$VoM ~mobbobo AmhoV. Ë`m§Zm gaH$mabm àíZ Z {dMmaUmam,
AÝ`m`H$maH$ bhatZwgma KoVbobo A`mo½` {ZU©`, ‘wH$mQ>, ‘mÝ`
H$aUmam {eñV~Õ g‘mO hdm Amho. ^m§S>dbXmam§Zm d gwIdñVy
‘Ü`‘dJm©bm nyaH$ Aer AmYw{ZH$ hþHy$‘emhr `m {dMmaYmaobm
Ano{jV Amho. ZWwam‘ JmoS>go hmXoIrb gm‘§Vemhr {dMmamMm
ZìhVm, Va Vmo AmYw{ZH$ hþHy$‘emhr ‘mZUma hmoVm. Ë`mbm
Am{U Ë`mÀ`m {dMmaYmaobm Jm§YrOr ho bmoH$emhrMo YmoH$mXm`H$
àVrH$ dmQ>V hmoVo. Jm§YrOtMr Ho$bobr hË`m hr bmoH$emhrMr
àVrH$mË‘H$ hË`m hmoVr.
Aer hþHy$‘emhr bmoH$m§À`m Jir CVadÊ`mgmR>r V§ÌkmZ,
~imMm, qhgoMm dmna H$aUo JaOoMo hmoVo. {OVH$m g‘mO
V§ÌkmZmÀ`m AmYrZ hmoVmo {VVHo$ g‘mOmÀ`m ‘Vm§Zm, à{V‘m§Mm
d V§ÌmMm dmna H$ê$Z AmH$ma XoUo gmono hmoV OmVo. V§ÌkmZmÀ`m
d {dkmZmÀ`m AmYmao ZdrZ à{V‘m, ZdrZ àVrHo$ ghO {Z‘m©U
H$aVm òVmV d OwÝ`m à{V‘m d à{VHo$ Or bmoH$gh^mJmVyZ
{gÕ Pmbobr AmhoV Vr nwgyZ Q>mH$Vm òVmV. ZwH$VoM A‘a
OdmZ Á`moVrMo ‘hÎd H$‘r H$ê$Z Zì`m ñ‘maH$mH$S>o Vo
{MÝhmË‘H$[aË`m didÊ`mMm àH$ma Pmbm. ho ^m§S>dbmÀ`m d
V§ÌkmZmÀ`m ZoÌXrnH$ eº$s dmnê$Z H$aÊ`mV òVo.
Ooìhm ZWwam‘Zo ‘hmË‘m Jm§YrOtMm IyZ Ho$bm Voìhm `m
COì`m hþHy$‘emhr d¥Îmr A{Ve` Xw~ù`m hmoË`m. Ë`m§Zm

g‘mOm‘Üò nmqR>~m ZìhVm. d¡`{º$H$ YmS>gr H¥$Ëò EdT>oM Ë`m
H$ê$ eH$V hmoË`m. qhgoMr OmXy Aer Amho H$s, h„m H$aUmam
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H$m‘m Zò. a±S>Mm IyZ Pmë`mda "ho gaH$ma naŠ`m§Mo Amho'
Ago åhUUmè`m {Q>iH$m§daVr Oa~ ~gdbr Jobr nm{hOo,
Ago {~«{Q>e gaH$mabm dmQy> bmJbo. "{edmOrZo A’$PbImZmMm
dY Ho$bm Vo `mo½` Ho$bo', "{edmOrZo a`Vog Vbdmar CngÊ`mg
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{ZdSy>Z "{Q>iH$ qhgmMmamg àmoËgmhZ XoV AmhoV Am{U hm
amOÐmoh Amho', Agm à{VdmX Ý`m`mb`mg‘moa Ho$bm Jobm.
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ghm {déÕ VrZ Aem ~hþ‘VmZo {Q>iH$ Xmofr AmhoV, Agm
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AmR>dS>çm§Mr gOm ^moJyZ {Q>iH$ Vwé§Jm~mhoa nS>bo. nwT>o 1908
gmbr {Q>iH$m§da amOÐmohmMm Xwgam IQ>bm Pmbm. "XoemMo

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‘J ~§Jmbr bmoH$ {~Wabo Va Zdb H$m`?' Am{U "Jar~
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Amho. Voìhm hm JwÝhm Amnë`mbm H$~yb Amho H$m`?' Ë`mda
Jm§YrOtZr - "hmo`, ‘r Xmofr Amho' Ago ñnï>nUo gm§{JVbo.
nwT>o Vo åhUmbo H$s, amOÐmohmMm H$m`Xm hm XS>nemhrMm H$m`Xm
Agë`mZo ‘r Ë`mÀ`m{déÕ C^m am{hbmo Amho. XS>nemhrgmR>r
Oo Oo H$m`Xo AmUbo Jobo AmhoV, Ë`m gJù`m H$m`Úm§‘Ybm
hm gJù`mV Xwï> H$m`Xm Amho.' A{^ì`{º$ñdmV§Í`mMm Jim
KmoQ>Ê`mgmR>r hm H$m`Xm AmUÊ`mV Ambm Amho. Ago Jm§YrOtMo
ñnï> ‘V hmoVo.

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Xoe ñdV§Ì Pmë`mZ§Va amÁ`KQ>ZoMm A§‘b Mmby Pmbm.
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h¸$ àËòH$ ^maVr` ZmJ[aH$mg ~hmb H$aÊ`mV Ambm.
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n§VàYmZ n§{S>V Odmhabmb Zohê$ `m H$m`ÚmÀ`m {damoYmV
hmoVo. Ooìhm eoI AãXw„m `m§Zm ‘hmamOm h[aqgJ `m§Zr
amOÐmohmÀ`m AmamonmImbr AQ>H$ Ho$br hmoVr Voìhm Odmhabmb
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hmoVo. åhUyZ Ë`m§À`mda amOÐmohmMm Amamon R>odbm Jobm. `m
àH$aUmV H$moQ>m©Zo amOÐmohmÀ`m H$b‘mbm KQ>ZmË‘H$ R>adbo.
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CÔoemZo EImXo H¥$V Ho$bo Jobo Agob Va amOÐmohmMm JwÝhm
KS>Vmo Ago H$moQ>m©Zo gm§{JVbo.

`m{edm` ~bd§V qgh {déÕ n§Om~ gaH$ma àH$aUmVhr
1995 gmbr {Xbobm gdm}ƒ Ý`m`b`mMm {ZH$mb gwÕm
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XoemÀ`m gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mZo amOÐmohmMo H$b‘ ho H$Yr
bmdmdo/bmdy Zò `mMo {ZH$f KmbyZ {Xbobo Agbo Varhr,
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‘mZd A{YH$ma H$m`©H$Ë`mªda amOÐmohmMm JwÝhm {dZmH$maU
XmIb H$aÊ`mV Amë`mMo AmT>iyZ òVo.
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{dMmagaUrMm àgma H$aÊ`mÀ`m AmamonmImbr H$b‘ 124
(A)Zwgma 2010 gmbr IQ>bm XmIb Pmbm. 2011 gmbr
goZ `m§Zm gwàr‘ H$moQ>mZ© o Om‘rZmda gmoS>b.o 2010‘YoM bopIH$m
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Ho$boë`m dº$ì`mgmR>r amOÐmohmMm JwÝhm XmIb Ho$bm Jobm.

OmZodmar 2012‘Üò AÊUm hOmao `m§À`m ^«ï>mMma{damoYr
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`m VéU amOH$s` ì`§J{MÌH$mamZo aoImQ>bobr XoemÀ`m gmd©^m¡‘
g§gXoMr gmV VèhoMr dmXJ«ñV {MÌohr g‘m{dï> hmoVr. `m
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amOÐmohmMm IQ>bm Ho$bm Jobm. 2016 gmbr A’$Pb Jwê$À`m
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gÜ`m Mmbboë`m eoVH$ar Am§XmobZmbm J«oQ>m WwZ~J© `m
Am§Vaamï´>r` à{gÕr nmdboë`m n`m©daUdmXr H$m`©H$VuZo nmqR>~m

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eÌy g‘O`bm bmJbo Va Ë`m§À`m gmo~V IwZer ì`dhma H$aUma.
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H$m`ÚmMm dmna Ho$bm OmVmo.
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"JwJb no'gmR>r Z§~a … 8888708963

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boIH$ Zdr ‘w§~B©pñWV a¶V {ejU g§ñWoVrb {Zd¥Îm àmMm¶© AgyZ gm‘m{OH$
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gH$mir AmR> dmOVmM hOa. doioÀ`m AmYr òUo hm Ë`m§À`m
H$S>H$ {eñVrMmM EH$ ^mJ hmoVm. gam§Zm ‘w~§ B©Vë`m H$m`©H$« ‘mMo
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B§J«Or nwñVH$m§Zr Am`wî` H$g§ g‘¥Õ Ho$b§ ho gm§JV hmoVo. ga
Iyn gw§Xa ~mobbo. Vo EH$ Xw{‘©i ^mfU hmoV§ Am{U CËñ’y$V©hr.
‘w~§ B©Vë`m ^ì` {Xì` Am{U Ë¶mhÿZhr ‘hÎdmMo åhUOo KamVë¶m
H$m`©H«$‘mbm Z OmVm `m N>moQ>çmem H$m`©H«$‘mbm Ambo `mMm
àmMm`© åhUyZ ‘bm, ñQ>m’$bm d {dÚmÏ¶mªZm Iyn AmZ§X Pmbm
hr ~m~ doJir. nU hoM Ë`m§M§ doJionU hmoV§. hrM Ë`m§À`m
{dMmam§Mr {ZOIyU hmoVr.
AÝ`m`, emofU, amÁ`KQ>ZZo o {Xboë`m h¸$m§nmgyZ gm‘mÝ`
Jm§Obobm ‘mUyg Iyn Xya Amho. Jar~ ‘mUgmbm ì`dñWm ZmS>Vo
Amho. YZXm§S>½`m§À`m ‘wOmoar‘wi§ J[a~m§Mr ^mH$ar {hamdyZ KoVbr
OmV Amho. Ë`m§Mm AmdmO Xm~bm OmVmo Amho. {JaUr H$m‘Jma,
eoVH$ar, H$ï>H$ar, Am{Xdmgr, X{bV, ‘{hbm, YaUJ«ñV,
{dñWm{nV, XwîH$miJ«ñV Aem hOmamo bmImo ‘mUgm§Zm ‘XVrgmR>r
Hw$Umbm hmH$ Úmdr Agm Ooìhm àíZ nS>m`Mm Ë`mdoir "EZ.

S>r.' `m XmoZ Ajam§À`m ZmdmMm CÎmwJ§ ‘mUyg S>mù
o `mg‘moa `m`Mm.
C§Mmnwam, XUH$Q> eara`ï>rMm, IUIUrV AmdmOmMm, H$UIa
~mÊ`mMm, gÎmmYmè¶m§Zm Ymaoda YaUmam, Ý`m`mMr MmS> d
AÝ`m`mMr MrS> AgUmam hm ‘mUyg. Xw~ù`m, d§{MV, A^mdJ«ñV
‘mUgmbm {OJa {dídmg XoUmam hm ‘mUyg 17 OmZodmar amoOr
H$mimÀ`m nS>ÚmAmS> Jobm. JmdmoJmdMo AJ{UV H$m`©H$V} Amnbm
AmYma VwQ>ë`mÀ`m ^mdZoZ§ ì`mHy$i Pmbo.
dmerÀ`m H$‘©dra ^mD$amd nmQ>rb H$m°boO‘Üò àmÜ`mnH$
AgVmZm gam§Zm doJdoJù`m H$m`©H$« ‘mÀ`m {Z{‘ÎmmZo nmhmV hmoVmo.
Ë`m§Mr ì`m»`mZo AZoH$Xm EoH$m`bm {‘imbr. p¼ñV ‘mohå‘X
‘m§J ~«m÷U Yamdo nmoQ>mer ~§Yynar Ago gm§JUmao Am{U h§Q>a
H${‘eZ nwT>o VmR> ‘mZoZo Cô amhÿZ g‘mOmVë`m Jar~ dJm©bm
‘mo’$V Am{U gº$sÀ`m {ejUmMr ‘mJUr H$aUmao ‘hmË‘m ’w$bo
VgoM "IoS>çmH$S>o Mbm' hm Zmam XoUmao ‘hmË‘m Jm§Yr `m XmoZ
‘hmËå`m§Zm gam§Zr {eagmd§Ú ‘mZb§. amOfu emhÿ ‘hmamO,
{dÇ>b am‘Or qeXo, H$‘©dra ^mD$amd nmQ>rb, S>m°. ~m~mgmho~
Am§~oS>H$a `m {d^yVtÀ`m {dMmam§À`m ‘werVyZ gam§Mr d¡Mm[aH$
~¡R>H$ V`ma Pmbr hmoVr. `m ‘hmnwéfm§da gam§Mr A{Ve`
Aä`mgnyU© ‘‘©Jm« hr, ì`m»`mZ§ EoH$U§ åhUOo d¡Mm[aH$ ‘oOdmZrM
Agm`Mr. Omo{V~m ’w$bo Am{U {dÇ>b am‘Or qeXo `m§Mo VéU
{nT>rn`ªV nmohmoMdÊ`mM§ H$m‘ gam§Zr Am§V[aH$ {Zð>oZ§ Ho$b§.
nwT>o ‘mÂ`m H$m°boO‘Yrb H$m‘m‘wio d gm‘m{OH$ Ñï>r‘wio
Ë`m§Zr ‘bm gwédmVrbm ’w§$S>o (CaU) òWrb H$m°boO‘Üò à^mar
àmMm`© åhUyZ d Z§Va Ë`m§MoM Zmd Agboë`m ‘bH$mnya òWrb

H$m°boO‘Üò àmMm`©nXmMr Ywam gm§^mim`bm {Xbr. Vmo jU
‘mÂ`m na‘^m½`mMm ‘r åhUVmo. {daio - {eÎmwa `m XwJ©‘
^mJmVyZ ‘bH$mnya H$m°boObm òUmar EH$ Eg. Q>r. ~g VmoQ>çmV
MmbVo åhUyZ {d^mJmZo ~§X Ho$br. ‘r ñWm{ZH$ S>onmonmgyZ
H$moëhmnya {d^mJr` ì`dñWmnH$mZm ôQ>bmo, nÌì`dhma Ho$bm.
`§ÌUm XmX XoV ZìhVr. ga EH$ {Xder "Mb AmnU OmD$`m'
åhUmbo. Amåhr H$moëhmnya {d^mJr` ì`dñWmnH$m§Zm ôQ>bmo.
gam§Zr Ë`m§Zm R>UH$mdyZ gm§{JVb§, H$ë`mUH$mar amÁ`mV gJù`mM
~m~r ’$m`Úm-VmoQ>çmÀ`m {ZH$fmda ~Km`À`m ZgVmV, Voìhm
H$mhr {R>H$mUr VmoQ>m Pmbm Var Jar~ d XwJ©‘ ^mJmVrb
{dÚmÏ`mªMr Eg. Q>r.Mr gmo` PmbrM nm{hOo. Pmb§, Xwgè`m
{XdernmgyZ hr ~g gwê$ Pmbr. bdH$aM Ë¶m ^mJmVyZ ¶oUmè¶m
‘wbtMr g§»`mhr dmT>br. EZ. S>r. gam§À`m gm§JÊ`mdê$Z ‘wbtZm
Amåhr H$m°boOÀ`m IMm©Zo òÊ`mOmÊ`mÀ`m nmgMr ì`dñWm
Ho$br. Aem arVrZo {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m gdmªJrU JwUdÎmm d
H$m¡eë`d¥ÕrgmR>r Amåhr KoVboë¶m AZoH$ CnH«$‘m§Zm gam§Mm
Aì`º$ nmqR>~m Agm`Mm.
EZ. S>r. gam§Mo ‘hmamï´>â {’$aUo Agm`Mo. H$moëhmnwamV
Ë`m§À`mH$S>o AZoH$Xm OmUo ìhm`Mo. {VWo {d{dY àH$maMo bmoH$
Amnbr JmèhmUr ‘m§S>Ê`mgmR>r, g„m KoÊ`mgmR>r Ambobo Agm`Mo.
àËòH$mbm Vo Aä`mgnyU© ‘mJ©Xe©Z H$arV. ho ‘mJ©Xe©Z dadaMo
Zgm`Mo Va Ë`mda AmdmO CR>dÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§À`m~amo~aM Amdí`H$
Ë`m {R>H$mUr nwT>o Agm`Mo. ‘hmamï´>mVë`m H$mZmH$monè`mVrb H$mhr
YS>nS> H$ê$ BpÀN>Umè¶m ‘mUgm§er Ë`m§Mr Zmi Mm§Jbr Owim`Mr.

àm‘m{UH$ Am{U YS>nS>çm H$m`©H$Vm© hr Ah©Vm Á`mÀ`mOdi
Agob Ë`mbm gam§Zm WoQ> ’$moZ H$aÊ`mMr nadmZJr AmngyH$M
{‘im`Mr. ‘hmamï´>mVrb CëH$m ‘hmOZ, gwaI o m Xidr, {H$emoa
T>‘mbo, d¡embr nmQ>rb Aem AZoH$ VéU H$m`©H$Ë`mªZm ‘mJ©Xe©Z,
Am§XmobZmÀ`m VmaIm XoU§ gwê$ Agm`M§.
a`V {ejU g§ñWoMo MoAa‘Z åhUyZ Ë`m§Zr 18 df} H$m‘
Ho$b§. a`V {ejU g§ñWobm ‘hmamï´>mV Am{U XoemV EH$ Z¡{VH$
C§Mr àmá H$ê$Z {Xbr. g§ñWoÀ`m ~r. ES>. d B§{O{ZA[a¨J
H$m°boO‘Üò àdoemgmR>r Agbobm ‘°ZoO‘|Q> H$moQ>çmVrb OmJmhr
‘o[aQ>à‘mUoM âÊ`mÀ`m Ë`m§À`m {ZU©`m‘wio {ejUmMm ~mOma
‘m§S>Umè`m OJmV "a`V'M§ doJionU g‘mOmg‘moa R>gR>erVnUo
Amb§. J¡aì`dhma ^«ï>mMmambm gam§À`m X~Xã`m‘wio Hw$R>ohr
Wmam ZìhVm. bmJo~m§Yo, ZmVodmB©H$, {hVg§~§Y, OmV, Y‘©,
àXoe `m gmè`mÀ`m nbrH$S>o OmD$Z Ý`mæ` H$m` Amho Am{U
{ddoH$ H$m` gm§JVmo `mda Vo R>m‘ Agm`Mo. àmÜ`mnH$m§À`m
‘wbmIVtÀ`mdoir Vo nyU© doi CnpñWV Agm`Mo. a`V ho EH$
AmemñWmZ åhUy Z ‘hmamï´ > m Vy Z d ~mho ê $Zhr C‘o X dma
‘wbmIVtgmR>r `m`Mo. ‘wbmIVrÀ`mdoir EImXm JmdmH$S>Mm
MwUMwUrV, gd© àíZm§Mr CÎmao XoUmè`m C‘oXdmambm EH$ XmoZ
àíZ {dMmê$Z Ë`mMr nmaI n¸$s H$aV. Aem ‘wbm§Zm Amnbr
{ZdS> Pmë`mMo H$ië`mda Ë`m§À`m AmZ§Xmbm nmamda Zgm`Mm.
éOy Pmë`mda ho àmÜ`mnH$ nyU© {Zð>oZo H$m‘ H$aVmZm {Xgm`Mo.
EH$Xm S>r. ES>.À`m OmJm âm`À`m hmoË`m. Ë`m gd© OmJm
Ho$di JwUdÎmm `mXrà‘mUo âÊ`mV Amë`m. Ë`mV AmOrd

godH$m§À`m qH$dm nXm{YH$mè`m§À`m ‘wbm§Zmhr VmoM {Z`‘ bmJy
hmoVm. a`V {ejU g§ñWoZo ‘o{S>H$b H$m°boO MmbdÊ`mnojm
Am{Xdmgr ^mJmV Aml‘ emim Mmb{dÊ`mMm {ZU©` KoÊ`mV
Ambm. Á`m§Zm {ejU Zmhr Ë`m§Zm {ejU ¶m H$‘©dra AÊUm§À`m
{dMmam§Zm AZwgê$ZM hm {ZU©` gam§Zr KoVbm. "a`V'M§ ho Ia§
"‘oQ>b' gam§Zr ‘hmamï´>mbm XmIdyZ {Xb§. Ë`m§Zr g§ñWobm EdT>§
â^ê$Z {Xb§ nU Vo ñdV… EH$ én`mMohr q‘Yo ZmhrV. `m
AR>am dfmªÀ`m H$mbmdYrV H$‘©dra AÊUm§Mo EH$ ñdßZ gdm©Wm©Zo
gmH$ma Pmbo Ago N>mVrR>moH$nUo gm§JVm òB©b. `m gd© H$S>H$
{eñVr‘wio gam§Mm g§ñWoV Mm§Jbm dMH$ hmoVm d Vmo H$m`‘M
amhrb BVH$m Ë`mZr Vmo ÑT> Ho$bm hmoVm. ga åhUm`Mo, ‘r a`V
{ejU g§ñWoMm Vhh`mV MoAa‘Z AgUma Zmhr. nU g§ñWoMo
ì`dñWmnZ Ë`m§Zm OmD$ XoV ZìhVo. Ë`m§Zr AIoarg ‘mÝ`Vm
{Xbr. ga åhUm`Mo H$s, ‘r nXmdê$Z Xya Pmbmo Var g§ñWoMr
à{V‘m d dmQ>Mmb hr CËH¥$ï>M am{hbr nm{hOo. Vgo Pmbo Zmhr
Va Ë`mgmR>r {dYm`H$ hñVjon H$am`bm ‘r ‘moH$imM Amho.
{ejUmÀ`m ~mOmamV Cƒ Z¡{VH$ ‘yë` OnUmar hr g§ñWm
{ejU joÌmV C§Mr ‘moOÊ`mMr ‘moOnÅ>r R>abr Amho.
‘hmamï´>mÀ`m amOH$maUmV d g‘mOH$maUmV Z¡{VH$ {eñV,
gä`Vm AmUÊ`mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr ñdV…bm Ajae… {PO{dbo.
‘{hÝ`mVbo 27 {Xdg Kam~mho a amhÿ Z nm`mbm q^Jar
~m§Yë`mgmaIo ‘hmamï´>â {’$aV Agm`Mo. Zìho, ‘hmamï´>mMm
BWyZ {VWyZ gmam ‘wbwI Ë`m§M§ Ka Pmb§ hmoV§ Am{U g~§Y
OJU§M Am§XmobZ Pmb§ hmoV.§ ‘moS>bëo `m ‘mUgmbm C^§ H$aÊ`mMm

EH$ Ü`mg hmoVm. Am`wî`â g§n ‘moM} Am§XmobZo Ho$br nU
‘hmË‘m Jm§YtÀ`m gË`mJ«hmÀ`m YVuda H$m`©H$Ë`mªZr {eñV
‘moSy> Zò, ‘moMm©bm Jmb~moQ> bmJy Zò `mgmR>r Ë`m§Zm gº$
~Omdbobo Agm`Mo. H$moUË`mhr Am§XmobZmV CVaÊ`mnydu Ë`m
g‘ñòMm gm§Jmonm§J Aä`mg H$ê$ZM ‘J Vo CVaV hmoV.o Ë`m‘wiM o
g‘moa ‘§Ìr AgmoV qH$dm Am`. E. Eg. A{YH$mar AgmoV,
Ë`m§À`mnojm gam§Mm g§~{§ YV {df`mMm Aä`mg gImob Agm`Mm.
Ë`m‘wio AZoH$Xm A{YH$mè`m§Mr ÌoYm{VanrQ> hmoV Ago. amOH$maU
ho Ë¶m§À¶mgmR>r gmYZ hmoV§, Va g‘mOH$maU gmÜ`. Ë`m§Zr
nwamoJm‘r, n[adV©ZdmXr, {ddoH$dmXr, bmoH$emhr g‘mOdmXr
ì`dñWm àñWm{nV H$aÊ`mgmR>r h`mVâ g§Kf© Ho$bm.
‘hmamï´>mÀ`m amOH$maUmbm, g‘mOH$maUmbm, {ejU
ì`dñWobm gam§Zr Z¡{VH$VoMo EH$ n[a‘mU {Xb§. gmd©O{ZH$
OrdZmV {H«$`merb amhÿZ "Zmhrao' dJm©bm "H$ù`m' amhÿ XoV
nU "WmoS>r Amobr nmZo' Var {‘imdrV `mgmR>r Ë`m§Zr Amnbr
h`mV doMbr. 70 dfmªÀ`m H$maH$sXuV AS>rM df} ‘§Ìr åhUyZ
d Vodrg df} Am‘Xma åhUyZ AgVmZm Ë`m§À`m H$m`©e¡brV,
OrdZÑï>rV Am{U OrdZì`dhmamV H$mhr ’$aH$ nS>bm H$m?
gÎmoMr ’$io MmIV ~gbo AgVo Va Vo EZ. S>r. H$gbo? gÎmm
Agbr Var Ü`mg VmoM, {dMma VmoM, {Zð>m Ë`mM, gÎmoV
AgyZhr ~§S>Imoar VerM. amÁ`mMo ghH$ma ‘§Ìr Pmbo åhUyZ
ñdV…Mo H$nS>o ñdV… YwU§ ~§X Pmb§ Zmhr. Ë`mÀ`mVb§
JmoaJ[a~m§gmR>r Ord VwQ>U§ Vgyâhr H$‘r Pmb§ Zmhr. gÎmoMm
dmna Ho$di Am{U Ho$di OZVoÀ`m {hVmgmR>r H$aUmao ga

AmXe© ‘§{ÌnXmMm dñVwnmR>M hmoVo. {dX^m©Vë`m eoVH$è`m§Zr
Km‘ JmiyZ {nH$dboë`m XO}Xma H$mngmMr H$dS>r‘mob qH$‘V
H$ê$Z ì`mnmar Ë`m§Zm bwQ>m`Mo. gam§Zr H$mnyg EH$m{YH$ma `moOZm
Xo e mV n{hë`m§ X m AmUbr. ‘hmamï´ > emgZmbm {VMr
A§‘b~OmdUr H$aÊ`mg ^mJ nmS>bo. eoVH$è`mbm Ë`mÀ`m
H$mngmMr qH$‘V Mmodrg VmgmV {‘iy bmJbr. ‘hmamï´> gaH$maZ§
1968 gmbr {ejU{df`H$ ídoVn{ÌH$m à{gÕ Ho$br hmoVr.
JwUdÎmoÀ`m ~wa»`mImbyZ gm‘mÝ` ‘wbm-‘wbtMo {ejUmnmgyZ
d§{MV H$aÊ`mÀ`m eŠ`Vm Ë`mV A{YH$ hmoË`m. Ë`mMm nwaonya
Aä`mg H$ê$Z Jar~ {dÚmÏ`mªÀ`m {ejUmda `m {ZU©`m‘wio
J§S>m§Va òUma Agë`mMr ImÌr Pmë`mda gam§Zr `m{déÕ
Am§XmobZ nwH$mabo. amÁ`â H$mZmH$monè`mV `m {déÕ 400
g^m KoVë`m d g~§Y ‘hmamï´> ídoVn{ÌHo${déÕ T>diyZ H$mT>bm.
"ídoVn{ÌHo$Mo H¥$îUñdê$n' hr nwpñVH$m {bhÿZ bmoH$m§Zm dmQ>br.
gd© Am‘Xmam§Zm EH$Ì H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zr Mma Vmg Amnbr ^y{‘H$m
‘m§S>br. n[aUm‘r Xwgè`m {Xder hr œoVn{ÌH$m ~hþ‘VmZo ’o$Q>miyZ
bmdbr Jobr. `m nwpñVHo$V åhQ>bo hmoVo {ejU ho amï´>m§Z§
H$amd`mMo Y‘m©Xm` H$m‘ ZgyZ amï´>mÀ`m ^{dî`H$mbrZ {då`mgmR>r
Ho$br OmUmar Vr EH$ ’$bXm`r Jw§VdUyH$ Amho.
bmoH$mZwZ`mZo Zìho Va bmoH$m§À`m àíZm§Mr VS> bmdUmè`m
Ë`m§À`m ^y{‘Ho$VyZ Ë`m§Zr àM§S> bmoH$g§J«h C^m Ho$bm.
{dYmZn[afXoMo Am‘Xma AgVmZm eoVH$ar, H$ï>H$ar, `wdmdJ©
`m§Mo àíZ ‘m§S>Ê`mgmR>r eoJmd Vo ZmJnya ho A§Va nm`r MmbV
nma Ho$bo. Ë¶mdoir Ë¶m§À¶m nm`mbm gyO, ôJm nS>ë`m hmoË`m.

Ë`m{df`r {dMmabo AgVm Vo åhUmbo hmoVo, ‘mÂ`m nm`mÀ`m
ôJm ~wOVrb nU ‘mÂ`m qMVoMm {df` Amho Vmo åhUOo
eoVH$è`m§À`m g§gmambm nS>boë`m ôJm H$Yr ~wOUma?
H$moëhmnyamVrb emhÿ ñ‘maH$ ^dZmV {H$emoa ~oS>{H$hmi
{X½X{e©V "EZ. S>r.' `m ‘m{hVrnQ>mMm bmoH$mn©U gmohim hmoVm.
‘mOr H|$Ðr` J¥h g{Md ‘mYd JmoS>~mobo nmhþUo åhUyZ CnpñWV
hmoVo. Vo Amnë`m ^mfUmV åhUmbo, H$s EZ. S>r. ho IaoIwao
bmoH$nmb AmhoV AmhoV. Ago {ZñdmWunUmZo H$m`© H$aUmao
10 bmoH$nmb XoemÀ`m H$mZmH$monè`mVyZ {Z‘m©U Pmbo Va g§gXoV
bmoH$nmb {dYo`H$ AmUÊ`mMr JaOhr ^mgUma Zmhr.
JmoS>~mob|gma»`m CƒnXñW OmUH$ma gZXr A{YH$mè`m§Zr EZ.
S>r. gam§Mr gmar Wmoadr `m eãXm§VyZ AYmoaopIV Ho$br Amho
`mMo ‘bm BWo ñ‘aU H$ê$Z Úmdogo dmQ>bo.
A‘o[aHo$V Agboë¶m ‘wbmH$S>o Am‘Mo OmUo¶oUo hmoVo. {VWo
AgVmZm Vmo AZoH$ n`©Q>Z ñWi§ XmIdVmo. nU {VWbr CYinÅ>r,
M§JidmX nm{hbm H$s EZ. S>r. gam§Mo {dMma ‘mÂ`m {ddoH$~wÕrbm
Q>moMUr XoD$ bmJVmV. `mbmM ‘r "EZ. S>r. ’°$³Q>a' åhUVmo.
EZ. S>r. ’°$³Q>a OJmV Hw$R>ohr {’$aVmZm ‘ZmV OmJm AgVmo.
~mJm gm’$ H$aUmao, hm°Q>ob, ‘m°b, nmH©$‘Üò H$‘r ‘mo~Xë`mV
H$m‘ H$aUmè¶m ‘wbm‘wbtM§ emofU nm{hb§ H$s AñdñWVm òVo.
EZ. S>r. gam§À`m ghdmgmVrb àËòH$mbmM ho {JëQ> Amho.
Am°ŠQ>m°{d`m nmP hm Zmo~ob {dOoVm åhUVmo, CÎm‘ gm{hË` Vo
H$s Oo dmMUmè`mÀ`m ‘ZmV AnamYr ^mdZm {Z‘m©U H$aVo. EZ.
S>r. ga Ë`mhr ’$ma nwT>o hmoVo. Á`m KQ>H$m§‘wio AnamYr ^mdZm

{Z‘m©U hmoVo Ë`m KQ>H$m§gmR>r bT>VM Ë`m§Zr àË`jmV Am`wî`
ì`VrV Ho$bo. àkmd§V, {dMmad§V AgVmZm Ë`m§Mr hr H¥${VerbVm
OJmVë`m gd© {dMmad§Vm§nojm gam§Zm C§Mrda ZoD$Z R>odVo.
‘hmË‘m Jm§YtZr gm§{JVboë`m "eodQ>À`m ‘mUgmM§ {hV' hm
‘§Ì Vo ‘Zmo^mdo OnV hmoVo. Amnë`m {ZU©`mZo Oa eodQ>À`m
‘mUgmÀ`m Mohè`mdarb EH$ Oar aof nwgbr OmUma Agob Va
Vmo {ZU©` Oê$a ¿`mdm ho Vo Amnë`m ^mfUmÀ`m AIoarg
gm§JV. VgoM am°~Q>© ’«$m°ñQ>À`m H${dVoVrb Amoir CÕ¥V H$aV
Ë`m AmoitMm AW© agmi nÕVrZ§ gm§JV. Z ‘iboë`m dmQ>oZo
OmU§ AmìhmZmË‘H$ AgV§ d Oo bmoH$ `m dmQ>oZo OmVmV Vo bmoH$
Amnbr ñdV…Mr dmQ> V`ma H$aVmV. ‘bm dmQ>V§ gam§Zr Am`wî`â
Z ‘ibobr dmQ> ñdrH$mê$Z Amnbr ñdV…Mr dmQ> {Z‘m©U
Ho$br. AmnU gmao VrM dmQ> Yê$Z {VMo ‘hm‘mJm©V ê$nm§Va
H$ê$ eH$bmo Va VrM Ë`m§Zm Iar AmXam§Obr R>aob.
Am`wî`â ^m¡{VH$ gwI{dhrZ, Ë`mJr OrdZ ñdrH$mê$Z
gam§À`m dmXir OrdZmV ‘‘ËdmZo Mma em§V jU XoUmè`m
gam§À`m ghMar - ‘mBªZm EZ. S>t.À¶m ¶moJXmZmM§ Iyn ‘moR>§ lo`
OmV§. n[adV©ZdmXr d bmoH$emhr ‘yë`m§da JmT> {Zð>m, gm‘m{OH$,
amOH$s`, e¡j{UH$ àíZm§Mr gImob OmU, AåbmZ Mm[aÍ`,
Ý`m` Am{U h¸$m§gmR>r gVV ‘¡XmZmV amhÿZ gm‘mÝ`m§gmR>r
Vwé§Jdmg, Jmoir~ma PobUmao EZ. S>r. ga ‘hmamï´>mÀ`m àJVrV
{dewÕ Z¡{VH$VoMm ‘mJ© XmIdyZ XoUmam EH$ {XnñV§^ åhUyZ
OZ‘mZgmV Vo A‘Ë`© amhVrb.


A{^dmXZ
goPMm
EZ. S>r. nmQ>rb
bT>m
goPÀ¶m àíZmda 17 Owb¡ 2007 Vo 24 Owb¡ 2007n`ªV

noUbm H$m`©H$V} CnmofUmbm ~gbo hmoVo. ‘r H$mhr CnmofUmV
ZìhVmo. ‘r Amnbm {VWo ~gyZ hmoVmo. 24 Owb¡bm EH$ KQ>Zm
KS>br. Am‘À`m EH$m H$m`©H$Ë`m©Mr 74 dfmªMr åhmVmar AmB©
Cnmo f UmV hmo V r. {VMr
Cnmo f U ñWir Vãò V
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H$mhr ~a§ dmB©Q> hmoD$ Zò
åhUy Z ‘r YmdVniV
‘w » `‘§ Í `m§ H $S>o Jo b mo .
Ag|ãbr Mmby hmoVr.
‘r åhUmbm,o
Cnmo f Umbm AmO AmR>
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Zmhr, ho H$mhr ~amo ~ a

Zmhr. Ë`m åhmVmarMr H§${S>eZ {H«${Q>H$b Pmbobr Amho. H$mhr
AZw{MV KSy> Zò `mMr ‘r XjVm KoD$Z Ambmo`. {VWo Ë`m
CnmofUñWir Ë`m ~mB©Mo {ZYZ hmoD$ Zò åhUyZ ‘r bmoH$m§Zm
g„m XoD$Z Ambmo` H$s VãòV A{YH$M {~KS>br Va åhmVmarbm
hm°pñnQ>bbm hbdm. AmVm Vwåhr H$m` H$aVm ~Km.
‘w»`‘§Ìr {dbmgamd Xoe‘wI `m§Zr nV§Jamd H$X‘ Am{U
Ama. Ama. nmQ>rb `m§Zm ~mobmdb§ Am{U Ë`m§Zr Amåhmbm
gm§{JVb§ H$s, Vwåhr ~gyZ ho {‘Q>dm. VrZ-gmS>oVrZ Vmg MMm©
Pmbr. B[aJoeZMo bmoH$ ~mobmdbo hmoVo. Am‘Mr ‘mJUr 22
Jmd dJiÊ`mMr hmoVr. `m {‘qQ>J‘Üò VmoS>Jm Agm {ZKmbm.
`m ~mdrg JmdmVb§ Oo joÌ YaUmÀ`m qgMZ joÌmImbr òV§ Vo
goP‘YyZ dJim`M§ Ag§ R>ab§. bJoMM Ë`m§Zr nÌH$ma n[afX
KoVbr. ‘r{S>¶mbm ~mobmdb§ Am{U Ë`m§À`mg‘moa Omhra Ho$b§.
Ë`mZ§Va ‘r YmdVniV noUbm Jobmo Am{U amÌr AmR> gmS>o
AmR>bm Ë`m§Mo CnmofU gmoS>m`bm bmdb§. ho CnmofU gmoS>ë`mZ§Va
nwÝhm H$mhr gaH$ma hmbMmb H$am`bm V`ma Zmhr. EH$ df©
hmoV Amb§ Varhr XIb ¿`m`bm V`ma Zmhr. ‘Yë`m H$mimV
nwÝhm Ë`m§À`mer dmQ>mKmQ>r H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. nU Ë`m§Zr
’$mag§ ‘Zmda KoVb§ Zmhr. Ë`mM§ H$maUhr Vg§M Amho. H$amoS>mo
én`m§Mr hr n°Ho$Oog hmoVr Ë`m‘wio Vo hmbMmb H$am`bm V`ma
ZìhVo. ‘J amñVmamoH$moMm {ZU©` KoVbm. ‘r ñdV… dmer ZmH$m
òWo amñVm amoH$mobm hmoVm.o ‘moR>çm g§»òZo bmoH$ Ambo hmoV.o
VrZ-gmS>oVrZ VmgmZ§Va nmo{bgm§Zr hmbMmb gwê$ Ho$br. Vo
åhUm`bm bmJbo, hm ‘w§~B©-Jmodm hm`do Amho. dmhZo Amåhmbm

Wm§~dyZ MmbUma Zmhr. ‘r Ë`m§Zm åhQ>b§, Vg§ Agob Va
gJù`m§ZmM AQ>H$ H$am Am{U ‘J ‘bm AQ>H$ H$am. ‘r EH$Q>m
AQ>H$ ìhm`bm V`ma ZìhVmo H$maU ‘mÂ`m ‘mKmar H$mhr ^bV§
gbV§ KS>m`bm ZH$mo. åhUyZ gJù`m§Zm AQ>H$ H$am Aer
‘mPr ^y{‘H$m hmoVr. ‘mÌ Ë`mMr H$mhr JaO Zgë`mMo gm§JyZ
Ë`m§Zr gJù`m§Zm AQ>H$ H$am`bm ZH$ma {Xbm. eodQ>r Ë`m§Zr
‘bm EH$Q>çmbmM JmS>r KmVb§. ‘bm AQ>H$ Ho$ë`mda bmoH$
AmVm WmoS>r Mb{~Mb Pmbr Am{U Ë`mMm ’$m`Xm KoD$Z
nmo{bgm§Zr bmR>rh„m Ho$bm. Am‘À`m XmoZ H$m`©H$Ë`mªÀ`m
S>moŠ`mbm OI‘m Pmë`m. ‘bm {OWo noUÀ`m nmo{bg R>mÊ`mbm
Zob§ hmoV§ {VWo nmR>monmR>M hOma XmoZ hOmam§Mm O‘md Ambm
Var emgZmMm EH$hr à{V{ZYr {VH$S>o {’$aH$bm Zmhr.
‘r H$m`©H$Ë`mªZm åhQ>b§, AmVm Amnë`m g‘moa Xwgam n`m©`
Zmhr. Vw‘À`m CnmofUmÀ`m bmoH$bT>çmVyZM hm àíZ Joë`m
dfu gwQ>bm AgVm Va ~a§ Pmb§ AgV§. òË`m 24 Owb¡bm Ë`m
KQ>Zobm EH$ df© nyU© hmoV§. nU emgZmbm `m àíZmMr H$mhrM
{’$H$sa Zmhr. ‘mÂ`m‘wio
Vwåhr CnmofU gmoS>b§. nU
àË`jmV ’$b{ZînÎmr
H$mhrM Zmhr. Vo ì hm
gaH$maZo Vw‘Mr hr Or Kmoa
’$gdUyH$ Ho$br Amho, hr
’$gdUyH$ Vw‘Mr Amho H$s
‘mPr Amho `mMo CÎma

AOyZ ‘bm gmnS>bobo Zmhr. ‘mÂ`m gm§JÊ`m‘wio Vwåhr CnmofU
gmoS>bobo Amho. MyH$ ‘mPr Amho. Voìhm Ë`m MwH$sMr gOm
‘bmM {‘imbr nm{hOo. Voìhm ‘r ‘mPm {ZU©` AmVm Kmo{fV
H$aVmo. Á`m 24 VmaIobm Vw‘M§ CnmofU gwQ>b§ Vo gwQ>b§M Zmhr
Ag§ g‘Om`M§ Am{U òË`m 24 Owb¡nmgyZ ‘r CnmofUmbm
~goZ.
Ver ZmoQ>rg XoD$Z Amåhr CnmofUmÀ`m V`marbm bmJbmo.
H$mhr bmoH$m§Zr Vo Iyn J§^ranUo KoVb§. H$mhr H$m`©H$Ë`mªZm
dmQ>b§ H$s, Amåhmbm `m§Zr df©â ’$gdb§. AmVm EZ. S>r.
nmQ>rb CnmofUmbm ~gUma AmhoV Va Ë`m§Zm ho {H$Vr hÔrn`ªV
~gy eH$VmV. H$mhr ^m~S>çm H$m`©H$Ë`mªZm AmeoMm {H$aU
{XgU§ ñd^m{dH$ hmoV§. EZ. S>r. nmQ>rb CnmofUmbm ~gUma
AmhoV Ë`m‘wio Amnbm àíZ gwQ>ob Ago Ë`m§Zm dmQ>V hmoV§.
`m d`mV hm Agm H$gm {ZU©` KoV Amho åhUyZ H$mhr
H$m`©H$V} Amnë`m A§Jmda KoUma `mMr ‘bm H$ënZm hmoVr
Am{U Vg§M Pmb§. 22 Owb¡bm nwÊ`mV JmoIbo BpÝñQ>Q>çyQ>‘Üò
XwîH$mimdaMr ‘mPr EH$ ‘rqQ>J hmoVr. {VWo ~m~m AmT>md
Ambo hmoVo. Vo ‘bm åhUmbo, Vwåhr J¡ag‘O H$ê$Z KoUma Zmhr
Ag§ J¥hrV Yê$Z ‘r Ambmo`. AmO 22 VmarI Amho. CÚmÀ`m
24 VmaIobm Vwåhr CnmofUmbm ~gV Amho. `mnydu H$Yrhr
CnmofUmg§X^m©V Vwåhmbm H$Yrhr g„m Úm`bm Ambobmo Zmhr.
nU ‘r EH$ S>m°ŠQ>a Amho. n§Mdrg df} à°pŠQ>g Ho$bobr Amho.
Voìhm ‘mPo d¡ÚH$s` joÌmVbo Oo kmZ Amho Ë`m AmYmamda
Vwåhmbm gm§JVmo, Vwåhmbm AmVm S>m`{~Q>rg Amho. Vwåhr EH$mM

{H$S>Zrda AmhmV. S>m`{~Q>rg ZgVmZm Vwåhr AZoH$ CnmofU
Ho$bobr AmhoV. nU AmVm S>m`{~Q>rg AgVmZm EH$m {H$S>Zrda
CnmofU H$aU§ ho qMVmOZH$ Amho. ‘r ‘mP§ Amo{n{Z`Z XoVmo
Amho nU ‘mP§ nwT>M§ åhUyZ ZrQ> EoH$m. ‘r Vwåhmbm CnmofU
H$ê$ ZH$m Ag§ A{O~mV åhUUma Zmhr. H¥$nm H$ê$Z J¡ag‘O
H$ê$Z KoD$ ZH$m. ‘bm Oo H$mhr gm§Jm`M§ Vo ‘r gm§{JVb§.
Z§Va ‘J H$mhr bmoH$m§Zr ‘bm ’$moZ H$ê$Z dJ¡ao [añH$ Amho
Ag§ gm§{JVb§. ‘mPm {ZU©` Pmbm hmoVm Ë`m‘wio H$moUrhr ‘bm
CnmofU H$ê$ ZH$m Ag§ gm§{JVb§ Zmhr. H$maU Ë`m§Zm ‘mhrV
hmoV.§ ‘r EoH$Uma Zmhr. H$mhr bmoH$ `mg§X^m©V ôQ>m`bm Ambo.
‘r Ë`m§Zm gm§{JVb§, ~m~m§Zmo ‘r H$mhr noUbm CnmofUmbm ~gV
Zmhr. ‘r CnmofUmbm ‘w§~B©V ~gVmo`. AmPmX ‘¡XmZmV ~gVmo`.
AmPmX ‘¡XmZ ho {R>H$mU Agm Amho H$s, Oa H$mhr H$‘r OmñV
Pmb§ Va n§Yam-drg {‘{ZQ>mV, AÜ`m© VmgmV ‘bm Vo
hm°pñnQ>b‘Üò ZoD$ eH$VmV. noUbm hm YmoH$m nËH$am`bm
bmoH$m§Zr ‘bm {damoY Ho$bm AgVm. BWo H$mhr ‘bm Vgm YmoH$m
Zmhr. H$mhr OU åhUmbo, {H$S>Zr hm Agm EH$ ^mJ Amho
AJXr H$Yrhr H$mhrhr hmoD$ eH$V§, AJXr AÜ`m© VmgmMr
gwÕm Cg§V {‘iV Zmhr. EH$X‘ H$mhr Zm H$mhr hmoD$Z OmV§.
‘bm `m gJù`mMr H$ënZm hmoVr, H$s bmoH$ Amnë`mbm
Xmof XoUma. nU ‘mÂ`mg‘moa Xwgam n`m©`hr ZìhVm Am{U BH$S>o
‘mÂ`m H$m`©H$Ë`mªMr, MidirVë`m bmoH$m§Mr Aer ^mdZm
hmoVr H$s, EZ. S>r. nmQ>rb `m§Zr CnmofU Ho$b§ Va hm àíZ
gwQ>ob. nU ‘r Vg§ ‘mZV ZìhVmo. eodQ>r Ag§ Amho, hm H$amoS>mo

én`m§Mm ì`dhma Amho. AZoH$m§Mo {hVg§~Y§ `mV JwV§ bobo AmhoV.
Ë`m‘wio àíZ gwQ>U§ hr Jmoï> {VVH$ser gmonr Zmhr. CnmofUmbm
gwédmV Pmë`mda n{hë`mM {Xder Ë`m§Zr CnmofUmV hñVjon
H$m Ho$bm Zmhr, åhUyZ bmoH$m§H$Sy>Z Ë`m§Mr WmoS>r AS>dUyH$
Pmbr. nU ‘bm Ano{jV Zmhr H$s, n{hë`mM {Xder
Ë`m§À`mH$Sy>Z H$mhr VmoS>Jm {ZKob. bmoH$ åhUV hmoVo Amåhmbm
dmQ>V Zmhr H$s, ho bmoH$ Vwåhmbm CnmofUmbm ~gy XoVrb. Vo
AmYrM H$mhrVar VmoS>Jm H$mT>Vrb. ‘r åhQ>b§ Zmhr, hm Vw‘Mm
^«‘ Amho. Vo Imob Jobobo AmhoV. Vo ghOmghOr VmoS>Jm
H$mT>Vrb BVH§$ gmon§ Zmhr. EZ. S>r. nmQ>bm§Zr Amnbo àmU
nUmbm bmdbo åhUyZ EZ. S>r. nmQ>bm§À¶m àmUmgmR>r Amnë`mbm
H$mhr H$am`M§ Amho. BVH§$ Vo gmon§ Zmhr. EZ. S>r. nmQ>bm§Mm
àmUmnojmhr Ë`m§Mo goP Ë`m§Zm ‘hÎdmMo AmhoV. Voìhm ‘r Ag§
H$mhr ‘mZV Zmhr. ‘mP§ ho Oo åhUU§ hmoV§ Vo Ia§ hmoV§. H$maU
24 VmaIobm Om {S>~oQ> Pmbm Ë`m {S>~oQ>‘Üò gwÕm Ë`m§Mr

^y{‘H$m goPÀ¶m g‘W©ZmMr hmoVr. ‘hgyb ‘§Ìr ZmamÙ amUo
`m§M§ `mXaå`mZ dV©‘mZnÌm§‘Üò Ambob§ `m àíZmg§X^m©Vrb
EImX§ ^mfU Oar Vwåhr dmMb§ Va Vo gai gai Ag§ åhUVmV
H$s, `m eoVH$è`m§À`m O{‘ZrV H$m` {‘iV§ dfm©H$mR>r. Vo ’$ma
’$ma VrZ EH$ hOmam§M§ ^mVmM§ CËnÞ KoVmV. Amåhr Ë`m§Zm
EdT>r âKmog a¸$‘ XoVmo`. `m O{‘ZrV Ë`m§Mm CXa{Zdm©h Var
hmoVmo H$m`? Aer amÊ`m§Mr ^mfU AmhoV. `m gJù`m n[apñWVrV
‘r Oa CnmofUmMm {ZU©` KoVbm ZgVm Va Ë`m ~mdrg Jmdm§‘Yrb
joÌYmaH$ eoVH$è`m§À`m ‘VXmZmMm Omo {ZU©` Pmbm Vmo {ZU©`
Pmbm ZgVm. ‘VXmZmMm {ZU©` ho ‘mÂ`m CnmofUmM§ ’${bV
hmoV§.
OdiOdi drg hOma eoVH$è`m§Zm Ë`m§Zr Zmo{Q>gm H$mT>ë`m.
21 gßQ>|~abm Or gwZmdUr hmoUma hmoVr Ë`m gwZmdUr‘Üò
Amnbr O‘rZ Úm`Mr H$s Zmhr `mMm {ZU©` eoVH$è`m§ZrM
¿`m`Mm hmoVm. ~mdrg JmdmV 21 VmaIobm EH$mM {R>H$mUr,
EH$mM doiobm hr gwZmdUr hmoUma hmoVr Am{U Am‘Mm 1
{ZarjH$ Ë`m àËòH$ JmdmV `m à{H«$òV gh^mJr ìhm`bm
Ë`m§Zr ‘mÝ`Vm {Xbr. Amåhrhr nmM Xhm hOma ’$m°‘© N>mnyZ
KoVbo. OmUVo eoVH$ar Oo AmhoV Vo Amnb§ H$m‘ ì`dpñWVnUo
~OmdVrb `mMr ImÌr hmoVr. Oo A§JR>o~hmÔa hmoVo Ë`m§Mr
’$gdUyH$ hmoD$ Zò `mgmR>rMr hr gmo` hmoVr. Ë`m§Zr EH$ ’$m°‘©
{VWo emgZmÀ`m à{V{ZYrH$S>o Úm`Mm Am{U "‘mPr O‘rZ
Úm`Mr Zmhr' Agm ‘OHy$a Agboë`m ’$m°‘©da Ë`m§Mr nmohmoM
¿`m`Mr Ag§ {Z`moOZ hmoV§.

H$m±J«ogdmë`m§Zrhr JmdmoJmdr ‘mohr‘ gwê$ Ho$br hmoVr H$s,
hm goP hmoU§ H$g§ ‘hÎdmM§ Amho. Amåhr Vwåhmbm O{‘ZrÀ`m
{H$‘Vr dmT>dyZ XoVmo ho Vo nQ>dyZ XoÊ`mMm à`ËZ H$arV hmoVo. nU
bmoH$ Ë`m§Zm Ow‘mZbm V`ma ZìhVo. H$mhr JmdmV bmoH$ Ë`m§Zm
{’$ê$ gwÕm XoV ZìhVo. noUMo adr nmQ>rb åhUyZ ‘§Ìr bmoH$m§À`m
~mOyZo Cô amhÊ`mEodOr O{‘Zr Úm`bm g§‘Vr Úm, Ag§ gm§JV
JmdmoJmd {’$aV hmoVo. Ë`m§À`m ‘wbmMr EOÝgr hmoVr [abm`Ýgbm
O{‘Zr {‘idyZ XoÊ`mMr.
eoVrer A{O~mV g§~§Y ZgUmam àmÜ`mnH$, dH$sb,
B§{O{ZAa, S>m°ŠQ>a Agm EH$ dJ© hmoVm nU Ago ~m§S>Jwim§gmaIo
bmoH$ H$‘r hmoVo. Ë`m§Mrhr Amåhr AmH$S>odmar KoVbr. Amåhr
Aer ‘mohr‘ am~dbr H$s, gmo‘dma Vo e{Zdma Or H$mhr
gmR>oIV Pmbobr AgVrb, H$boŠQ>aZo Ë`mMr Amåhmbm ‘m{hVr
Úmdr. Ë`mgmR>rMr ñdV§Ì `§ÌUm C^r Ho$br. Ë`mMm Amåhmbm
’$m`Xm Agm Pmbm H$s, Á`m bmoH$m§Zr O{‘Zr {dH$ë`m Ë`m§Mo
Am‘À`mH$S>o AmH$S>oM Ambo. Ë`m‘wio {MÌ ñnï> hmoV hmoVo.
ZmhrVa ‘J Vo H$m` H$aVmV, `m§Zr {dH$br, Ë`mZo {dH$br Ag§
dmVmdaU V`ma H$aV. Ë`m‘wio hr gmar g§»`m ghm dfm©Z§Vahr
’$º$ 13 Q>¸o$ hmoVr. Oo eoVrda OJV ZmhrV d Aer H$mhr
~m§S>Jwi§ hmoVr Vo `m goPbm O{‘Zr XoV hmoVo Am{U Ë`m§À`m
AmYmamda H$m±J«ogdmbo dmVmdaU H$arV hmoVo.
Amåhr `m nÕVrZo `m MidirV R>m‘nUo CVabmo. ‘mÂ`m
Ñï>rZo ‘hÎdmMm ^mJ åhUOo bmoH$m§Mm {dídmg ‘mÂ`mda hmoVm.
àíZ Ygmbm bmdÊ`mgmR>r Q>moH$mbm Joë`m{edm` H$mhr doim

àíZ gwQ>V ZmhrV Am{U Aemdoir nUmbm bmdm`M§ Va ZoV¥Ëd
H$aUmè`mZo ñdV…nmgyZM Ë`mMr gwédmV H$am`bm ZH$mo H$m?
CnmofUm‘mJo ‘mPr hr YmaUm hmoVr.
JmoJbJm¶r Am{U ZmJ

{deof Am{W©H$ joÌmgmR>r goP O{‘Zr KoVmZm gaH$ma Ë`m
gmd©O{ZH$ Cn`moJmgmR>r KoUma ZìhVo. EŠgàog hm`dogmR>r
gaH$maZo eoVH$è`m§À`m O{‘Zr KoVë`m Am{U Ë`mM hm`doda
eoVH$è`m§À`m ~¡bJmS>rbm ~§Xr KmVbr. ~¡bJmS>r Am{U Q´Š° Q>abm
EŠgàog hm`doda àdoe Zgë`mMo ’$bH$ {Zb©‚mnUo bmdbo.
hmM H$m Ë`m§Mm npãbH$ nn©O?
Amåhmbm emioV AgVmZm hr H${dVm hmoVr,
añË`mda R>m¶r R>m¶r
qhS>VmV JmoJbJm`r
OJ VwS>dr Ë`m§Zm nm¶r
nar ZmJ {dfmar ’$Um H$mTw>{Z
S>m¡bmZo Om¶mMm
hm Ý`m` Ago OJVmMm
`mMo àË`§Va eoVH$è`m§Zm `m`bm bmJbo. AmVm àíZ Agm
hmoVm H$s, goP‘YyZ Hw$UmMo {hV gmYbo OmUma Amho Am{U hm
npãbH$ nn©O Amho ho H$moUr R>adm`Mo? Vo gaH$maM R>adV
hmoVo.
Am‘Mm {dH$mgmbm {damoY Zmhr. CÚmoJY§Úm§Zm {damoY Zmhr.
gaH$ma Á`m {dH$mgmÀ`m ~mVm ‘maVo Amho, Vo ^«m‘H$ {MÌ

Amho. {deof Am{W©H$ joÌmVyZ amoOJmamMr dmT> hmoUma Zmhr.
Om°~bog J«moW Ago Ë`mMo dU©Z H$amdo bmJob. `mVyZ H$moUVmhr
{dH$mg gmÜ` hmoUma Zmhr.
AbrH$S>À`m H$mimV XoemV godmjoÌmMr Am{U CÚmoJY§Úm§Mr
‘moR>çm à‘mUmda dmT> Pmbr. Xoe ñdV§Ì Pmbm Ë`m dfu
eoVrVyZ {‘iUmao CËnÞ 55 Q>¸o$ hmoVo. Vo H$‘r H$‘r hmoV 22
Q³³¶m§da Ambo. ‘hmamï´>mgma»`m Am¡Úmo{JH$ÑîQ>çm nwT>maboë`m
amÁ`mV Vo 12 Q>³³¶m§da Ambo. åhUOo eoVrì`dgm`mV XoemVrb
55 Vo 60 Q>¸o$ OZVm l‘eº$s amhVo. Am{U Ë`m§À`m dmQ>çmbm
22 Q>¸o$ CËnÞmMm {hñgm {‘iVmo. hr XoemMr AdñWm. Am‘Mm
CÚmoJY§Úm§Zm {damoY Zmhr. na§Vw goP‘YyZ H$m` hmoV?o {H$Vr
nm`KS>çm KmVë`m? n{hbr Xhm df} BÝH$‘ Q>°Šg ‘m’$.
EŠgmB©O, goëg Q>Š° g, g|Qb
´ EŠgmBO ‘m’$. eoVH$è`mZo {d{harda
n§n ~gdm`bm H$ZoŠeZ ‘m{JVbo Va drO ‘§S>i åhUVo VwÂ`m
IMm©Zo Im§~ Q>mH$. A‘wH$ H$a. Am{U `m CÚmoJY§Úm§Zm ‘mÌ
añVm, nmUr, drO Am{U ~±H$ `m gJù`m gw{dYm EH$m pIS>H$sV
CnbãY H$ê$Z XoUma.
Am§Vaamï´>r` ZmUo{ZYrZo Aem gdbVtZm Amjon KoVbm.
ZmUo{ZYrMo åhUUo Ago hmoVo H$s, Aem gdbVr XoD$Z Vwåhr
EH$m pIemVbo n¡go Xwgè`m pIemV R>odVm `mnojm doJio H$mhr
KS>Uma Zmhr. åhUOo BVa {R>H$mUÀ`m CÚmoJm§Zm Ago dmQ>ob
H$s, Amho Vo ~§X H$ê$Z {deof Am{W©H$ joÌmV OmD$¶mV. XoemV
Am{W©H$ Q>M
§ mB© AgVmZm Agbr YmoaU§ am~dm`bm {damoY Xe©dbm
Amho. ho gmao H$aVmZm eoVH$è`m§À`m O{‘Zr KoVë`m OmUma.

goPgmR>r Oo joÌ ‘mJVm Vo AZmdí`H$ Amho. JaOonojm {H$VrVar
nQ>tZr A{YH$ joÌ ‘m{JVbo OmV hmoVo. eoVH$è`m§À`m O{‘Zr
EH$amZo KoUma. Ë`m OmJoV H$maImZo òUma. Ë`mM~amo~a Q>m°da
Cô amhUma. ‘m°ëg òUma. ‘moR>o {~ëS>a òUma. Am{U EH$am§Zr
KoVbobr OmJm Mm¡ag ’y$Qm§Zr {dH$Uma. Iao Va CÚmoJY§Úm§gmR>r
{H$Vr O‘rZ bmJUma Amho ho gaH$maZo Omhra H$amdo. ‘yi ‘wÔm
Agm Amho H$s, CÚmoJY§Úm§gmR>r XoemV Hw$R>ohr {nH$mImbMr
O‘rZ KoÊ`mMr JaO Zmhr. ZmnrH$ Am{U bmJdS>`mo½` Zgbobr
O‘rZ Iyn Amho, Vr ¿`mdr. Ë`mbm Amåhr {damoY H$aUma
Zmhr. Am{U O{‘ZrgmR>r am`JS>‘ÜòM H$embm ¶oVm? ~rS>
Cñ‘mZm~mXbm Omdo. R>amdrH$ g‘¥ÕrMr ~oQ>o H$embm V`ma
H$aVm? {dH$mgmMo ’$m`Xo gd©Ì {dIwabo nm{hOoV. àmXo{eH$
Ag‘Vmob Am{U gm‘m{OH$ Ag‘Vmob XmoÝhr hmoD$ Zò åhUyZ
Xj Agbo nm{hOo, Aer Am‘Mr g§X^m©Vrb ^y{‘H$m hmoVr.
S>màr ‘oar h¡
{deof Am{W©H$ joÌmÀ`m {damoYmVrb Midi Xoeì`mnr
~Zbr. {Xdg|{Xdg MidirMr Vrd«Vm dmT>V Jobr. Ë`m‘wioM
[abm`Ýgbm ‘moR>o n°Ho$O Omhra H$amdo bmJbo. nU {H$Vrhr
‘moR>o n°Ho$O {Xbo Var eoVH$ar O‘rZ Úm`bm V`ma ZìhVo hr
dñVwpñWVr hmoVr. Oo O{‘Zr Úm`bm V`ma Pmbo Vo Iao eoVH$ar
ZìhVo. Vr ~m§S>Jwio hmoVr. åhUOo Ë`m§Mm CXa{Zdm©h eoVrda
Adb§~yZ Zmhr. eoVr Ë`m§À`m ‘mbH$sMr Agob na§Vw Vo Hw$R>oVar
ZmoH$ar H$aV AgVrb qH$dm AmUIr H$mhr CÚmoJ Agob

JmdmH$S>o. qH$dm Ë`m§Mm ^mD$ eoVr H$aV Agob Am{U Ë`m‘wio
Ë`m§À`m nmoQ>mV XwIV Agob. ^mdmH$S>o Agbobr eoVr {dH$Vm
òV Zmhr Am{U ^mD$ VodT>r qH$‘V XoD$ eH$V Zmhr Ago Ë`m§Mo
XwIUo Agob. Ë`m‘wio ghm{OH$M goPMm ’$m`Xm KoD$Z Vo
O{‘Zr {dH$m`bm V`ma Pmbo. na§Vw IamoIa Á`m§Mo eoVrda nmoQ>
nmUr Adb§~yZ Amho Agm Om{Vd§V eoVH$ar {H$Vrhr ‘mo~Xbm
{‘imbm Var H$mù`m AmB©Mr {dH«$s H$am`bm V`ma ZìhVm.
A§~mZr Am{U Ë`mMo ^mD$~§X eoVH$è`mbm "VwÂ`m AmB©Mr
qH$‘V H$m`?' Ago WoQ> {dMmaV hmoVo. åhUyZ A§~mZrZmM
"VwÂ`m [abm`ÝgMr qH$‘V gm§J' Ago IS>gmdyZ gm§JÊ¶mMr
doi òD$Z R>onbr hmoVr.
goP {déÕÀ`m EHy$U MidirMr XIb H|$Ð gaH$mabm
¿`mdr bmJbr. Ë`mg§X^m©V Zo‘boë`m g§gXr` g{‘VrMo à‘wI
H$meram‘ amUm ‘hmamï´>mV òD$Z Jobo. goPg§X^m©V BWë`m
eoVH$è`m§Mo H$m` åhUUo Amho, Vo g‘OyZ KoÊ`mgmR>r g{‘Vr
Ambr hmoVr. na§Vw ‘hmamï´>mVrb gaH$mar `§ÌUoZo g{‘VrMr
Am{U eoVH$è`m§Mrhr {Xem^yb H$aÊ`mMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. åhUOo
~¡R>H$sMr V`mar EHo$ {R>H$mUr H$am`Mr. {VWo eoVH$è`m§Zm
Wm§~dyZ R>odm`Mo Am{U àË`jmV g{‘Vrbm Xwgè`m {R>H$mUr
Ý`m`Mo. {VWo CnpñWV Agboë`m S>‘r eoVH$è`m§Zm goPÀ¶m
~mOyZo åhUUo ‘m§S>m`bm bmdm`Mo. Agm EHy$U S>md hmoVm na§Vw
MidirVë`m bmoH$m§À`m OmJê$H$Vo‘i w o Vmo èñdr hmoD$ eH$bm
Zmhr. H$meram‘ amUm `m§À`mnwT>o eoVH$ar H¡${’$`V ‘m§S>V hmoVo.
amUm em§VnUo EoHy$Z KoV hmoVo. H$mhr ‘wÔo Amnë`m S>màrV {Q>nyZ

KoV hmoVo. S>màr Ë`m§Zr g‘moaÀ`m Q>o~bmda R>odbr hmoVr.
ho gJio gwê$ AgVmZm àgmX ~mJdo ZmdmMm MidirVbm
H$m`©H$Vm© em§VnUo nwT>o Ambm. Zoh‘rMm H$m`©H$Vm© Agë`mZo
Ë`mÀ`m nwT>o òÊ`mV {deof H$mhr ZìhVo qH$dm Vo Hw$Umbm
‘hÎdmMohr dmQ>V ZìhVo. nU Ë`mZo H$m` Ho$bo Va em§VnUo
H$meram‘ amUm `m§Mr S>màr CMbyZ Amnë`m H$mIoV ‘mabr
Am{U {ZKyZ OmÊ`mMm A{d^m©d Ho$bm. Ë`mda H$meram‘ amUm
JS>~S>bo Am{U "dmo S>màr ‘oar h¡.. ‘oar h¡' Ago åhUy bmJbo.
Ë`mda àgmX ~mJdo Ë`m§Zm åhUmbm, amUmgmho~, S>màr Vw‘MrM
Amho, ‘mPr Zmhr, nU ‘r Vw‘Mr gmYr S>màr CMbyZ KoVbr
Va EdT>o H$mgmdrg PmbmV Am{U goP‘Üò Vwåhr Va ‘mPr
O‘rZ H$mTy>Z ¿`m`bm bmJbm. {nT>çmZ{nT>çm ‘mÂ`m
AmB©d{S>bm§Zr Onbobr O‘rZ Vwåhr H$mTy>Z KoV AmhmV. Aem
doir Am‘À`m Ordmbm H$m` dmQ>V Agob? àg§J gmYmM
hmoVm nU Iyn H$mhr gm§JyZ OmUmam hmoVm. àgmX ~mJdoZo
Ad¿`m XmoZ {‘{ZQ>mV Oo H$mhr ZmQ>H$ Ho$bo Vo AZoH$ ‘moR>çm
^mfUm§Zrhr eŠ` Pmbo ZgVo. CnpñWV bmoH$m§Zr Q>mù`m§Mm
H$S>H$S>mQ> H$ê$Z Ë`mÀ`m ¶m H¥$Vrbm XmX {Xbr. Ë`mZo `m
N>moQ>çmem H¥$VrVyZ eoVH$è`m§Mr ì`Wm à^mdrnUo ‘m§S>br.

"‘mPr g§Kf©¶mÌm' (2020) ¶m àm. EZ. S>r. nmQ>rb {b{IV Am{U
{d{OJrfm àH$meZ, H$moëhmnya àH$m{eV nwñVH$mVrb ""goPMm bT>m''
àH$aU gm^ma nwZ‘w©{ÐV.

‘mÜ¶‘m
g‘VogmR>r
lram‘ JS>H$a
"g‘Vm'
Añn¥í¶ dJm©À`m AS>MUr B§J«O gaH$maH$S>o ‘m§S>Ê`mgmR>r

EImXo ‘§S>i Agmdo Agm {dMma 9 ‘mM© 1924 amoOr nai,
(‘w§~B©) òWrb Xm‘moXa hm°b‘Üò S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
`m§À`m AÜ`jVoImbr âboë`m EH$m gô‘Üò ‘m§S>Ê`mV Ambm.
Ë`mZwgma 20 Owb¡ 1924 amoOr "~{hîH¥$V {hVH$m[aUr g^m'
`m g§ñWoMr ñWmnZm H$aÊ`mV Ambr. "{eH$m, g§K{Q>V ìhm
Am{U g§Kf© H$am' ho `m g§ñWoMo ~«rXdmŠ` hmoVo. ga {M‘Ubmb
goQ>bdmS> ho "~{hîH¥$V {hVH$m[aUr gô'Mo AÜ`j hmoVo Va
H$m`©H$mar ‘§S>imMo AÜ`j S>m.° ~m~mgmho~ Am§~So >H$a d H$m`©dmh
`m nXmda ‘m. grVmam‘ Zm‘Xod {edVaH$a ho hmoVo. {dÚmWr©
dg{VJ¥hmX²dmao AJa AÝ` gmYZm§À`mX²dmao ~{hîH¥$V g‘mOmV
{ejUmMm àgma H$aUo; ~{hîH¥$V g‘mOmV Cƒ g§ñH¥$VrMr
dmT> H$aÊ`mg {R>H${R>H$mUr dmMZmbò, e¡j{UH$ dJ© AWdm
ñdmÜ`m` g§K CKS>Uo; ~{hîH¥$V g‘mOmMr gm§n{ÎmH$ pñWVr
boIH$ ~mam‘Vr ({O. nwUo)pñWV {dÚm à{Vð>mZÀ¶m H$bm, dm{UÁ¶ d
{dkmZ ‘hm{dÚmb¶mV ‘amR>rMo àmÜ¶mnH$ AmhoV.
B©‘b
o - shriramgadkar@gmail.com

gwYmaÊ`mgmR>r Am¡Úmo{JH$ d eoVH$s{df`H$ emim Mmb{dUo
hr `m gôMr C{ÔîQ>o hmoVr.
4 gßQ>|~a 1927 amoOr S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a `m§Zr
{dMmanyd©H$ d g‘VoÀ`m {dMmam§Mm, H$m`m©Mm àMma, àgma
H$aÊ`mgmR>r "g‘mO g‘Vm g§K' hr g§ñWm ñWmnZ Ho$br. `m
g§KmÀ`m ñWmnZo‘mJrb ^y{‘H$m ñnîQ> H$aVmZm "~{hîH¥$V
^maV'À`m ewH«$dma, {X. 12 Owb¡ 1929 (df© 2 ao, A§H$ 15
dm)À¶m AJ«boImV S>m°. Am§~oS>H$a åhUVmV H$s, ""g‘mO
g‘Vm g§KmMr Midi gwê$ hmoD$Z Ë`m MidirMm Añn¥í`Vm
{Z‘y©bZmÀ`m H$m‘r Cn`moJ hmoD$ bmJbm. Añn¥í` ‘mZboë`m
OmVrVë`m bmoH$m§Mr ‘m¡Or-~§YZo hmoD$Z Vo `kmondrVo YmaU
H$ê$ bmJbo, Jm`Ìr ‘§Ìm§Mm Cƒma H$ê$ bmJbo, gh^moOZo d
WmoS>o H$m hmoB©Zm {^Þ OmVr` dYwdam§Mo {ddmh hmoD$ bmJbo,
Ë`m‘wio MmVwwd©Ê`m©À`m ZmdmImbr g‘mOmV {df‘VoMo gm‘«mÁ`
‘mOdy nmhUmè`m Am{U ñdV:Mr Om{Vloð>Vm {‘a{dÊ`mÀ`m
bmoH$m§À`m H$miOmV YS>H$s âbr Amho. g‘Vog§~§YmÀ`m
MidirZo Amnë`m Om{VôX nÕVrMo dmH$S>o ìhmd`mMo Zmhr,
Ago åhUyZ Ë`m MidirMm Cnhmg H$aUmao d {Vbm bKwËd
XoD$ nmhUmao ho bmoH$ ‘ZmVyZ Km~ê$Z Jobo AmhoV, `m{df`r
{~bHy$b e§H$m Zmhr. Zmhrnojm BVH$m Oi’$imQ> Ë`m§Zr
XmI{dbm ZgVm. {deofV: qhXy g§KQ>ZoÀ`m MidirV nwT>mH$ma
KoUmè`m {H$ËòH$ bmoH$m§À`m S>moi`m§V g‘Vm g§KmMr Midi
gVV gbV AgVo. ~{hîH¥$V dJm©Mr ñdV§Ì Midi Am{U
g‘Vm g‘mO g§KmMr Midi `m Midir ZgË`m Va

Añn¥í`Vm{ZdmaUmMm àíZ ’$gdm’$gdr H$ê$Z AmnU ~mOybm
H$mT>bm AgVm, ~{hîH¥$V dJm©À`m pñWVrV ’$maer gwYmaUm Z
H$aVm d Ë`m§À`mV ñdm{^‘mZmMo dmao {eaÊ`mbm Adga Z XoVm,
‘wgb‘mZ d pI«ñVr g‘mOm§er ^m§S>Ê`mV Ë`m§Mm hdm Vgm
Cn`moJ H$ê$Z KoVbm AgVm, Ago VmoV`m qhXy g§KQ>ZmdmÚm§Zm
d T>m|Jr ewpÕàMmaH$m§Zm dmQ>Uo ñdm^m{dH$ Amho. na§Vw ~{hîH¥$V
dJm©Mr ñdV§Ì Midi d g‘mO g‘Vm àñWm{nV H$aÊ`mMr
Midi `m AmVm X¥T>‘yb Pmë`m AmhoV, Ë`m ^ŠH$‘ VÎdm§da
C^maboë`m AmhoV, Ë`m§Mr VÎdo ~hþOZ g‘mOmV àgma nmdV
AmhoV Am{U qZXm d Cnhmg `m§Mm n[aUm‘ hmoD$Z Ë`m X~ë`m
OmÊ`mMm AmVm {~bHy$b g§^d Zmhr.''1 gd© ‘Zwî`àmUr
g‘mZm{YH$mar AgyZ ñdV:Vrb ‘Zwî`ËdmÀ`m {dH$mgmgmR>r
H$maUr^yV hmoUmè`m àËòH$ gmYZmda, gdbVrda d g§Yrda
Ë`m§Mm àËòH$mMm g‘g‘mZ d gmaIm hŠH$ AgVmo. Agm `m
g§KmMm {dídmg Amho. g‘mZVoMm hŠH$ hm n{dÌ, A~m{YV
d AôÚ Amho. hm hŠH$ dU©, n§W, OmV d ñÌrnwéf ôXmVrb
Amho. gm‘m{OH$ g‘mVm ApñVËdmV Amë`m{edm` g‘mOmMm
gm‘wXm{`H$ OrdZH«$‘ gwairV MmbUo AeŠ` Amho. g‘mOmÀ`m
gwairV d gwg§K{Q>V Am`wî`H«$‘mbm ~mYH$ hmoUmao gd© {dMma,
AmMma d g§ñWm hr Iar g‘mO g‘Vm VÎdm§À`m {déÕ AmhoV
Aer `m g§KmMr {ZfoYnyd©H$ KmofUm Amho. eŠ` Ë`m Cnm`m§Zr
darb VÎdm§Mr A§‘b~OmdUr H$aÊ`mMm `m g§KmMm g§H$ën
Amho Aer `m g§KmMr VÎdo hmoVr. Aer ^ŠH$‘ d¡Mm[aH$
nmíd©^y‘r AgUmè`m g‘Vm g‘mO g§KmZo Amnbo "g‘Vm' ho

‘wInÌ 29 OyZ 1928 amoOr gwê$ Ho$bo. "g‘Vm' ~Ôb h[aíM§Ð
{Z‘©io åhUVmV H$s, ""g‘Vm ho "g‘mO-g‘Vm-g§Km'Mo ‘wInÌ.
`m nm{jH$mÀ`m ‘wIn¥ð>mda {eamo^mJr "g‘Vm' hr gmYrM, nU
OmS> Q>mB©nmVrb Ajao; Ë`mImbr S>mdrH$S>o g§nmXH$mMo Zmd
nÎmm Am{U COdrH$S>o àH$meH$mMo Zmd d nÎmm N>mnbobo Ago.
n{hë`mM A§H$mÀ`m ‘wIn¥ð>mda "g‘VoMm CX`' hr "g‘Vm'Vrb
EHw$bVr EH$ H${dVm N>mnÊ`mV Ambr. g‘mOmV g‘Vm àñWm{nV
H$aÊ`mÀ`m Üò`mZo ào[aV Pmboë`m `m {Z¶VH$m{bH$mbmhr
H$Wm-H${dVm§Mm ñdrH$ma H$aUo BîQ> dmQ>bo Zgmdo. "g‘Vm'‘Yrb
àËòH$ AJ«bI o mÀ`m {eamo^mJr {~éXmdbr åhUyZ, "CnH$mam§À`m
naV’o$S>rMr Anojm ‘mUgmZo H$ê$ Zò Am{U A{à` Agohr
H$mhr H$ê$ Zò' `m Ame`mMm XÝ`¡{d©{hV§ ZoÀN>oXmË‘Z: H$‘©
nwéf:& Z VËnaofw Hw$d©{V OmZÞ{à`‘mË‘Z:&& hm ‘hm^maVmVrb
íbmoH$ N>mnÊ`mV òV Ago. Ë`mÀ`mMImbr ""Amnë`mbm
Xwgè`mH$Sy>Z Or ghmZw^yVr dm X`m {‘iVo Vr Vwåhr BVam§Zmhr
Úm'' hm ~m`~b‘Yrb g§Xoe XoÊ`mV òV Ago''2 Xodamd {dîUy
ZmB©H$ ho "g‘Vm'Mo g§nmXH$ hmoVo. ‘w§~B© òWrb "g§OrdZr'
(‘m{gH$) d "~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa' (nm{jH$) `m {Z`VH$m{bH$m§Mo
Vo g§nmXH$ hmoVo. "~{hîH¥$V ^maV' d "g‘Vm' nm{jH$ ñdê$nmV
à{gÕ hmoV hmoVo. EH$m AmR>dS>`mV "~{hîH¥$V ^maV' d Xwgè`m
AmR>dS>`mV "g‘Vm' à{gÕ Pmë`m‘wio S>m.° ~m~mgmho~ Am§~So >H$a
`m§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImbrb Añn¥í`Vm{ZdmaUmÀ`m Midirbm
Amdí`H$ AgUmao gmám{hH$ `m{Z{‘ÎmmZo {‘imbo. "g‘Vm' `m
{Z`VH$m{bH$mÀ`m A§VaJm~Ôb h[aíM§Ð {Z‘©io åhUVmV H$s,

""g‘Vm‘YyZ EH$moUrg AJ«boI à{gÕ Pmbo. Vo ~hþVoH$
g§nmXH$m§Mo AmhoV. nU àM{bV àíZm§da AmYm[aV qH$dm EImÚm
Ádb§V àíZmMm ‘m{‘©H$ Chmnmoh H$aUmè`m Ì`ñW ì`ŠVrÀ`m
boImbmhr AJ«boImMo ñWmZ {‘iV Ago. "g‘Vm' nm{jH$mÀ`m
Am{U g‘Vm-g§KmÀ`m Üò`-YmoaUm§Mr {M{H$Ëgm H$aUmè`m
AJ«boIm§‘Üò "doXmMm AW© Am{U g‘VoMm ‘mJ©', "ehmÊ`mÀ`m
doS>Ji Hw$e§H$m', "IoX dmQ>Vmo, nU ZmB©bmO', "g‘VoÀ`m
VÎdm§Mr MMm©' `m§Mm {dMma H$amdm bmJob. qhXw‘hmgôVrb
T>m|Jr nwT>mar Am{U gZmVZr d¥ÎmrÀ`m bmoH$m§da naIS> Q>rH$m
H$ê$Z Ë`m§Zm dR>Urda AmUÊ`mgmR>r "n§Om~r OmV-nmV VmoS>H$m§Mo
‘èhmQ>r OmV-nmV-VmaH$ ^mQ>', "‘‘r©M Kmd Kmbr', "Cnhmg
H$s ^«‘{Zamg', "Am‘Mm ‘mUyg', "dgB©Mo gh^moOZ',
"AmË‘KmV ZH$mo Va A§V:ewÕr H$am', "d¥Îmr Am{U OmUrd',
"XmoZ ‘Zmod¥Îmr' `mgmaIo AJ«boI "g‘Vm' Zo à{gÕ Ho$bo.
"g‘Vm' ~«m÷U, Ë`m§Mo Cƒ g§ñH$ma `m§Zm ‘mZVo nU Ë`m‘Yrb
~«måhÊ`mda ‘mÌ "nwamU‘VdmX Am{U ~«m÷Ur Y‘©', "lr{Zdmg
emñÌtMm ‘w§~B© ~«åhd¥§Xmg CnXoe' `m AJ«boImVyZ VwQy>Z nS>Vo.
"àM{bV àíZ' `m erf©H$mImbr à{gÕ hmoUmè`m ñ’w$Q>boIm§VyZ
VËH$mbrZ gm‘m{OH$ àíZm§Mm Am{U ì`ŠVtMm {dMma hmoV
Ago. X{bVm§Mr ñdV§Ì {Z`VH$m{bHo$ Am{U Ë`m§Mo ‘hÎd
"g‘Vm XodimV {ebr', "g‘Vm Jm^mè`mV {eabr nm{hOo',
"X{bV~§Yw', "g‘Voda A{^àm`', "~{hîH¥$V ^maV d g‘Vm'
`mgma»`m ñ’w$Q>boIm§VyZ "g‘Vm' Zo {deX Ho$bo, Va "gZmVZr
öX`mbm YŠH$m', "~«m÷Ur Y‘m©Mr Hw$~S>r', "AmË‘KmVH$s

Ioi', `mgma»`m ñ’w$Q>m§VyZ ~«måhÊ`mda AmJ nmIS>br.
"~«måhÊ`mMr öX`XwIr', `m "g‘Vm'À`m AmUIr EH$m {Z`{‘V
gXamVyZ "n§{S>VOtMo nm§{S>Ë`', "~«m÷Ur S>mù
o `m§Mr CbQ>r KS>U',
"Vm|S> Xm~yZ ~wŠ`m§Mm ‘ma', "d¡ÚmMr nmoao ‘aVmV JmbJw§S>m§Zr',
"dñVam, Ýhmdr H$s ~«m÷U', "öXò H$m XwIVmV?' `mgmaIr
‘m{‘©H$ ñ’w$Q>ho r à{gÕ Pmbr. ‘mÌ Ë`m§À`m boIH$m§À`m ZmdmÀ`m
{R>H$mUr "H$U©Yma' qH$dm "‘‘©k' hr Q>monUZmdoM à{gÕ Pmbr.
`m gd© ñ’w$Q>boIm§Zr "g‘Vo'À`m {Z:ñn¥hnUmMr gmj nQ>dyZ
{Xbr Amho. "g‘Vm'Zo àg§Jmo{MV {d{dY boIhr à{gÕ Ho$bo.
qhXy ‘hmgôÀ`m ewÕrH$aU H$m`©H«$‘mVrb ^m|JinUm ñnîQ>
H$aUmè`m boIm§‘Üò "ewÕrMo Iyi', "qhXy g‘mOmbm OS>bobm
‘hmamoJ', "ewÕr d Añn¥í`Vm {ZdmaU MidirMr {d’$bVm',
`m boIm§Mm g‘mdoe hmoVmo. Añn¥í`m§À`m gm‘m{OH$ Am{U
amOH$s` hŠH$m§Mm {dMma "Añn¥í` dJ© Am{U ñdamÁ`',
"doJim ‘VXma g§K H$m?', `m boIm§VyZ Pmbm. "bmbm
bOnVam`' Am{U "lrYan§V {Q>iH$' `m§À`m{df`rMo ‘¥Ë`wboI
Am{U "‘hmË‘m Á`mo{V~m§Mm nwVim' hm ì`ŠVrÀ`m JwUJm¡admMm
boIhr à{gÕ Pmbm. `m{edm` "nÌì`dhma', "ZoË`m§Mr ^mfUo',
"g§nmXH$s` gyMZm' hr "g‘Vm'‘Yrb C„oIZr` gXao''3 {Z‘©io
`m§À`m `m {ddoMZmdéZ "g‘Vm' Mo A§Va§J, Ë`mMm Ame`,
Am{dîH$ma bjmV òVmo.
"~{hîH¥ $ V ^maV' `m {Z`VH$m{bH$mV "g‘Vm' `m
{Z`VH$m{bH$m~ÔbMr H$mhr {ZdoXZo à{gÕ hmoV AgV.
Ë`mn¡H$s EH$ {ZdoXZ Ago hmoVo, ""g‘mOH«$m§{VH$maH$ nÌo -

"~{hîH¥$V ^maV d g‘Vm', XmoKm§Mr {‘iyZ dm{f©H$ dJ©Ur
’$ŠV 4 é.''4 ("~{hîH¥$V ^maV', 18 OmZodmar 1929, df©
- 2 ao, A§H$ 5 dm)
Ë`mn¡H$s Xwgao {ZdoXZ Ago hmoVo, ""g‘VoMm A§H$-àogÀ`m
AS>MUr‘wio "g‘Vo'Mm A§H$ AmUIr VrZ AmR>dS>o {ZKy eH$Uma
Zmhr. gd© ì`dñWm nyd©dV Pmë`mda "g‘Vm' nydr©à‘mUo doioda
à{gÕ hmoV OmB©b. - ^m. {d. àYmZ, ì`dñWmnH$-g‘Vm''5
("~{hîH¥$V ^maV' 29 ‘mM© 1929, df© 2 ao, A§H$ 9 dm)
EImXr ì`ŠVr {d{eîQ> OmVrV OÝ‘br åhUyZ Vr H$m`‘Mr
ZmoH$a hmoV Zmhr AWdm H$m`‘Mr ‘mbH$ hmoV Zmhr Aem
àH$maMm {dMma g§nmXH$ Xodamd {dîUy ZmB©H$ `m§Zr "g‘Vm' `m
{Z`VH$m{bH$mVyZ ‘m§S>bm. `m {df‘Vo{déÕ bT>Ê`mgmR>r
"g‘Vo'Mr Amdí`H$Vm Agë`mMo Ë`m§Mo ‘V hmoVo. S>m°.
Am§~oS>H$am§Mr "‘yH$Zm`H$' d "~{hîH¥$V ^maV' hr {Z`VH$m{bHo$
d Ë`m§À`m ‘mJ©Xe©ZmImbr àH$m{eV Pmbobr "g‘Vm' d "OZVm'
hr {Z`VH$m{bHo$; `m gd© {Z`VH$m{bH$m§Mr Zmdo AW©nyU©

AmhoV d Ë`m§À`m d¡Mm[aH$ àdmgmbm AYmoaopIV H$aUmar
AmhoV. `mg§X^m©V A{dZme S>moig åhUVmV H$s, ""B.g.
1920‘Üò ~m~mgmho~m§Mo nÌH$ma åhUyZ `m joÌmV nXmn©U
Pmbo. bmoH$nÌH$ma åhUyZ Ë`m§À`m nÌH$m[aVoMo dU©Z H$aVm
òB©b. VgoM nÌm§À`m erf©H$mdéZ MidirÀ`m pñWË`§VamMo d
{dH$mgmMo EH$ Xe©Z Ë`mVyZ hmoVo. "‘yH$Zm`H$m'À`m ^y{‘Ho$VyZ
"~{hîH¥$V ^maVm'n`©§V hr g§H$ënZm ~m~mgmho~m§Zr {dH${gV
Ho$br Amho. nwT>o "g‘Vm', "OZVm' Amho. Ë`mV "OZVm' ho
gdm©V OmñV H$mbmdYrn`©§V MmbUmao nm{jH$/gmám{hH$ Amho.
’o$~«wdmar 1956 bm Ë`m nÌmMo Zm‘H$aU "à~wÕ ^maV' Pmbo.
"~{hîH¥$V ^maV' Vo "à~wÕ ^maV' Agm hm Am§~oS>H$a
MidirMm {dH$mg Amho. `m nÌmX²dmao ~m~mgmho~m§Zr Ag§»`
àíZm§da Amnbo {dMma ‘m§S>bo AmhoV. Ë`m§À`m ~m¡pÕH$ C§MrMm
àË`` `m d¥ÎmnÌr` boIZmVyZ òVmo. MidirMo ‘wInÌ Agohr
`m nÌm§Mo dU©Z H$aVm òB©b.''6 Xodamd {dîUy ZmB©H$ AmYr
"~«m÷U-~«m÷UoVa' `m {Z`VH$m{bH$mMo g§nmXH$ hmoVo. ~«m÷U
d ~«m÷UoVam§Vrb gm‘m{OH$ A§Va H$‘r H$éZ gbmoIm {Z‘m©U
H$aUo ho `m {Z`VH$m{bH$mMo Üò` hmoVo Va Om{VôX ZîQ>
H$ê$Z, Añn¥í`Vm Zmhrer H$ê$Z {df‘VoMm Zme H$aUo ho
"g‘Vm'Mo Üò` hmoVo. `mg§X^m©V YZ§O` H$sa Ago åhUVmV
H$s, ""g‘mO g‘Vm g§KmMo AÜ`j d ZoVo `m ZmË`mZo
Am§~oS>H$am§Zr AmMm`© àëhmX Ho$ed AÌo `m§À`m {ddmhmMo
"~{hîH¥$V ^maV'‘Üò ñ’w$Q> {bhÿZ A{^Z§XZ Ho$bo. "AÌo XoeñW
~«m÷U, Ë`m§Mr nËZr JmoXyVmB© í`m‘amd ‘w§Jr øm d¡í`. H$dr

Ho$edHw$‘ma øm ZmdmZo Vo gm{hË`^ŠVm§À`m n[aM`mMo AmhoV.
Am¡namo{YH$ H$mì` {b{hUmam Ë`m§À`m VmoS>rMm AÝ` ‘amR>r
H$dr Zmhr, Agm Ë`m§Mm bm¡{H$H$ Amho. dYyda ñdV§Ì d
ñdmdb§~r Agë`m‘wio hm {‘l {ddmh gd© X¥îQ>rZo `mo½` d
AmXe© g‘Obm nm{hOo.''7 g‘mO g‘Vm g§KmÀ`m Üò`-
YmoaUm§er nyaH$ Ago H$m`© AmMm`© àëhmX Ho$ed AÌo `m§Zr
Ho$ë`m‘wio S>m°. Am§~oS>H$a `m§Zr g‘mYmZ ì`ŠV Ho$bo hmoVo d
g‘mO n[adV©ZmMm AmemdmX dmT>bm hmoVm.
EH$ AZw^dr, {Z:ñdmWr©, H$îQ>miy g§nmXH$ `m ZmË`mZo Xodamd
{dîUy ZmB©H$ `m§À`mH$S>o S>m°. Am§~oS>H$a `m§Zr "g‘mO g‘Vm
g§Km'À`m "g‘Vm' `m nm{jH$mÀ`m g§nmXH$nXmMr O~m~Xmar
{Xbr d Vr Ë`m§Zr MmoInUo nma nmS>br. Am{W©H$ AS>MUt‘wio
"‘yH$Zm`H$' `m {Z`VH$m{bH$mbm Ogo Aënm`wî` bm^bo VgoM
Aënm`wî` "g‘Vm'À`m dmQ>`mbm Ambo. 29 OyZ 1928 amoOr
gwê$ Pmbobo ho nm{jH$ 15 ‘mM© 1929 amoOr ~§X Pmbo. `m
H$mbmdYrV "g‘Vm'Mo 19 A§H$ à{gÕ Pmbo. "g‘Vm'Mo gd©
A§H$ ñdV: Xodamd {dîUy ZmB©H$ `m§Zr Amnë`m J§JmYa {àQ>tJ
àog, a§Jmar Mmi, XmXa, ‘w§~B© òWo N>mnyZ am‘M§Ð {Zdmg, XmXa,
‘w~§ B© òWZy à{gÕ Ho$bo. 26 Zmoìh|~a 1949 amoOr S>m.° Am§~So >H$a
`m§Zr Amnbo "g§{dYmZ' ^maVmbm {Xbo d 26 OmZodmar 1950
nmgyZ Amnbm Xoe g§{dYmZmMr A§‘b~OmdUr H$aV Amho. `m
g§{dYmZm‘Üò S>m.° ~m~mgmho~ Am§~So >H$a `m§Zr Amnë`m XoemgmR>r
d ApIb ‘mZd OmVrÀ`m H$ë`mUmgmR>r ñdmV§Í¶, g‘Vm,
~§YwËd `m ‘yë`m§Mm ñdrH$ma Ho$bm Amho. `m ‘yë`m§n¡H$s g‘Vm

`m ‘yë`mMm nwañH$ma H$aÊ`mMo ‘hÎdnyU© H$m`© "g‘Vm' `m
{Z`VH$m{bH$mZo Ho$bo Amho.

g§X^© J«§W :
1. S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a, "S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a `m§Mo ~{hîH¥$V
^maV Am{U ‘yH$Zm`H$ : dg§V ‘yZ (g§nmXZ)', S>m.° ~m~mgmho~ Am§~So >H$a,
‘hmË‘m OmoVramd ’w$bo Am{U amO{f© emhÿ M[aÌ gmYZo àH$meZ g{‘Vr,
Cƒ d V§Ì{ejU {d^mJ, ‘hmamîQ´ emgZ, ‘§Ìmb`, ‘w§~B©. àW‘ Amd¥Îmr
: Zmoìh|~a 1990 (25,000 àVr), pX²dVr` Amd¥Îmr : 2008 (25,000
àVr), n¥. H«$. 298
2. h[aíM§Ð {Z‘©io, "X{bVm§Mr {Z`VH$m{bHo$', gwJmdm àH$meZ, nwUo.
411030. àH$meZ H$mb - OmZodmar 1987, n¥. H«$. 42-43
3. VÌ¡d, n¥. H«$. 43,44
4. C. {Z., n¥. H«$. 224
5. C. {Z., n¥. H«$. 257
6. A{dZme S>moig, "S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a {MÌ‘` M[aÌ; I§S>-
22' (gwYm[aV) : g§nmXH$ - A{dZme S>moig, S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
M[aÌ gmYZo àH$meZ g{‘Vr, Cƒ d V§Ì{ejU {d^mJ, ‘hmamîQ´ emgZ,
‘w§~B©. àW‘md¥Îmr : 14 E{àb 2010, gwYm[aV Amd¥Îmr : 14 E{àb
2016, (125 do O`§Vr df©) (àVr-50000), n¥.H«$. Mm¡Vrg
7. YZ§O` H$sa, "S>m°.~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a', nm°ß`wba àH$meZ, ‘w§~B©.
400026. n{hbr Amd¥Îmr - 14 E{àb 1966, Mm¡Wr gwYm[aV Amd¥Îmr
- 6 {S>g|~a 2006, Xwgao nwZ‘w©ÐU - 2008, n¥. H«$. 150, 151

AmnU ho dmMb§¶ H$m?
bmB©’$ A±S> Q>mB©åg Am°’$

gË¶oZ hm|~mir
‘m¶Ho$b Ho$
Vwåhr AbrH$S>o H$miOmbm Hw$aVS>Uma§ H$mhr dmMb§` H$m?

Ho$di dmMV AgVmZm Zìho, dmMyZ Pmë`mdahr Zìho, Va
AZoH$ ‘{hZo, AZoH$ df} CbQ>ë`mdahr Ord ImV amhUma§?
EImX§ ‘mUyg, Á`mbm AmnU nmÌ åhUVmo, Oo nwñVH$mM§
‘wIn¥ð> Vo ‘bn¥ð> EdT>çmM OJmV Zm§XV AgV§, Vo H$Yr
Vwåhmbm emoH$mHw$b, gmlyZ¶Z H$ê$Z Job§` H$m? EImÚm
H$WmZm`H$mMr `mVZm, Ë`mÀ`m dmQ>çmbm Ambobo ^moJ, Ë`mÀ`mda
Pmbobm AÝ`m` Am{U AË`mMma, `m§Zr Vwåhr H$Yr BVHo$
hbyZ Jobm AmhmV, H$s Vo nwñVH$ ’o$Hy$Z XoV, Amnë`m hmVm§Zr
Moham PmHy$Z Vwåhr KiKim aS>bm AmhmV? AZ² Ë`mÀ`m
{d‘wº$sVyZ Am{U nwZO©Ý‘mVyZ Vwåhmbm EH$m Agø AmZ§XmMm
AZw^d Jmdbm` H$m?
hmo`, EH$m H$mX§~arZo ‘mÂ`m ‘ZmV `m gmè`m ^mdZm Mmidë`m
boIH$ nwUo{Zdmgr AgyZ AZoH$ ~hþamï´>r¶ Am¶. Q>r. H§$nÝ¶m§V d[að> ñVamda
H$m‘ Ho$bobo MmoI§Xi dmMH$ AmhoV.
B©‘b
o - satyen.hombali@gmail.com

AmhoV. {VMo Zmd Amho "bmB©’$ A±S> Q>mBåg Am°’$ ‘m`Ho$b Ho$'
(‘m`Ho$b Ho$Mo Am`wî` Am{U H$mi), Am{U {VMm boIH$
Amho O°mZ ‘°Šgdob (Oo. E‘.) H$moEQ²Pr ZmdmMm EH$ em§V,
pIÞ, EH$bH$m|S>m AZ² Abm¡{H$H$ à{V^md§V. Zmo~ob Am{U
~wH$agma»`m nwañH$mam§Zr Jm¡adbobm, ZmdmObobm, X{jU
Am{’«$Ho$V OÝ‘yZ Am°ñQó{b`mV amhUmam hm boIH$.
X{jU Am{’«$Ho$V Pmbobo `mXdr `wÕ hr `m H$WoMr nmíd©^‘y r
Amho. gbm‘rbmM boIH$ Amnë`mbm hm Bemam XoVmo : `wÕ hm
gmè`m OJVmMm OÝ‘XmVm Amho Am{U gmd©^m¡‘ g‘«mQ>hr. `wÕ
H$moUmbm Xod ~Z{dVo Va H$moUmbm XmZd. H$moUmbm Jwbm‘rV
~Õ H$aVo Va H$moUmbm ‘wº$. `m H$WoMo gmao gma `m VrZ
dmŠ`m§VyZ ì`º$ hmoVo.
gÝ‘mZmZo amhÿ BpÀN>Umè`m EH$m Jar~, gmÜ`mgwÜ`m na§Vw
{ZíM`r ‘mUgmMr hr H$hmUr. Ë`mMo Zmd ‘m`Ho$b Ho$ (Ë`mMo
nyU© AmS>Zmd boIH$ eodQ>n`ªV Amnë`mbm gm§JV Zmhr). hr
COmS>, CXmg M[aÌH$Wm Amnë`mbm ‘mZdr ApñVËdmÀ`m
Jmä`mn¶ªV KoD$Z OmVo. Am§V[aH$, AÜ`mpË‘H$ Am`wî`mMo ‘hÎd,
Amnë`m {dídmer g§YmZ ~m§YÊ`mMr JaO Am{U Ë`m JaOo‘mJMr
‘yëò Am{U Amnë`m OrdZmVbr Ñ{ï>nm{dÍ`mMr na‘moƒ ‘hVr,
`m Jmoï>r ‘mZdr ApñVËdmMm H|$Ðq~Xy AmhoV. ‘m`Ho$b Ho$Mr
hr H$hmUr Amnë`m AmËå`mbm gm~UmZo IgmIgm YwD$Z,
{niyZ ñdÀN> H$ê$Z gmoS>Vo. ‘m`Ho$bÀ`m AmËå`mbm ñney©Z
Amnbr ZOa YmaXma hmoVo, Amnbo H$mZ VrúU hmoVmV Am{U
AmnU EHy$UM AmUIr WmoS>o g§doXZerb hmoVmo.

hr EH$ gaigmYr H$Wm Amho. XmoZ ^mJm§Mr. n{hë`m
^mJmMr gwédmV ‘m`Ho$bÀ`m OÝ‘mZo hmoVo. A°Zm Ho$ ZmdmÀ`m
EH$m ‘mobH$aUrÀ`m nmoQ>r Vmo OÝ‘Vmo. OÝ‘V…M ‘m`Ho$bMm
daMm AmoR> Am{U {OôMo Q>miy ’$mQ>bobo Amho. Am{U Vo
OÝ‘â ’$mQ>bb o M
o amhVmV, OUy Ë`mÀ`m Z{e~mgmaIo. ‘m`Ho$b
S>moŠ`mZo WmoS>m AYy Amho. A°ZmZo Ë`mbm EH$m gaH$mar emioV
âVr Ho$bo hmoVo. n§Yam dfmªMm hmoB©n`ªV ‘m`Ho$b {VWo am{hbm
Am{U Z§Va Ho$n Q>mD$Z ZJanm{bHo$V ‘mir åhUyZ ZmoH$ar H$ê$
bmJbm. ‘m`Ho$b Amnë`mbm ôQ>Vmo Voìhm Vmo EH$Vrg dfmªMm
Amho. A°Zm AmVm Iyn AmOmar Amho. {VÀ`m AmOmamÀ`m bjUm§dê$Z
Amnë`m bjmV òVo H$s
Vr AmVm ’$º$ H$mhr
{Xdgm§Mr nmhþUr Amho.
‘m`Ho$bZo {Vbm Amnë`m
Kar AmUbr Amho ,
{OÝ`mImbÀ`m EH$m
Imo b rV Am{U {VMr
H$miOr KoVm§Zm Ë`mMr
Vmam§~i CS>Vo Amho.
‘m`Ho$bbm OmJoMo ^mS>o
nadS>V Zmhr Am{U ho XmoKo
‘m`bo H $ {Zdm© { gV
hmoÊ`mÀ`m ‘mJm©da AmhoV.
A° Z mMm OÝ‘

XyadaÀ`m {àÝg Aë~Q>© {OëømVë`m EH$m IoS>çmVbm. A°Zmbm
Amnbo eodQ>Mo {Xdg Amnë`m OÝ‘ñWmZr KmbdÊ`mMr BÀN>m
Amho. nU øm XmoKm§Zm aoëdoMr {VH$sQ>o Am{U nmo{bgm§À`m
nadmZJrMm EH$ H$mJX bmJUma Amho. {VH$sQ>mMo n¡go ZmhrV
Am{U nmobrg nadmZJr ghOmghOr Úm`bm V`ma ZmhrV.
eodQ>r ‘m`Ho$bbm ho gmao BVHo$ Agø hmoVo, H$s Vmo Amnbr
gm`H$b Am{U ‘mù`mMr T>H$bJmS>r XmoÝhr ‘moSy>Z EH$ hmVJmS>r
V`ma H$aVmo Am{U Zmbm Ë`m hmVJmS>rda KoD$Z nm`r {àÝg
Aë~Q>©bm Om`bm {ZKVmo.
dmQ>oV Ë`m XmoKm§Zm AZoH$ g§H$Q>m§Zm Vm|S> Úmdo bmJVo, hmoVr
ZìhVr Vr gmar CnOr{dHo$Mr gmYZo g§nwï>mV òVmV, añË`mdaMo
qhgH$ g§Kf© dmT>V OmVmV, A°ZmMr VãòV T>mgiV OmVo, AZ²
{VMm ‘¥Ë`y hmoVmo. {VÀ`m A§Ë`g§ñH$mam§Mm àg§J AË`§V öX`ÐmdH$
Amho. CnMmambmhr H$mhr {dYr Z H$aVm {VÀ`m edmbm AmJ
bmdbr OmVo. "Ë`m§Zr {VÀ`m Ho$gm§Zm AmJ bmdbr - AZ²
{VÀ`m S>moŠ`mda ‘bm VoOmodb` {Xgbo!' Ago ‘m`Ho$b Z§Va
Ë`mÀ`m EH$m {‘Ìmbm gm§JVmo. AmVm EH$Q>m nS>bobm ‘m`Ho$b
{OÔrZo {àÝg Aë~Q>©bm Om`bm {ZKVmo, na§Vw dmQ>oV `mXdr
`wÕmÀ`m JXmamoimV nH$S>bm OmVmo, Ë`mMr {dQ>~§ Zm hmoV,o Ë`mÀ`mda
{Za{Zamio Ami AmUbo OmVmV, Am{U Vwé§JmV Q>mHy$Z Ë`mMm
nmedr VèhoZo N>i Ho$bm OmVmo. nU ‘m`Ho$bMm {ZYm©a BVH$m
àM§S> Amho H$s `m Zm Ë`m ‘mJm©Zo Vmo Amnbr gwQ>H$m H$ê$Z KoV
amhVmo. AmVm Vmo WH$bm Amho, Ooarbm Ambm Amho, nU {àÝg
Aë~Q>©bm OmÊ`mMm Ë`mMm {ZYm©a H$m`‘ Amho.

AmnU ‘m`Ho $ bbm Xw g è`m ^mJmV ô Q >Vmo Vo EH$m
hm°pñnQ>b‘Yë`m H$‘©Mmè`mÀ`m S>moù`m§VyZ. d°mS>©‘Üò EH$ Zdm
noe§Q> Ambm` - EH$ ~marH$gm åhmVmam - gH$mir ì`m`m‘
H$aVmZm H$mob‘Sy>Z nS>bm. BWo AmUbm Voìhm aopñnaoeZ Am{U
hmQ>©~rQ> IynM H$‘r hmoVr. XrK©H$mimnmgyZÀ`m Hw$nmofUmMr
gmar {MÝho Ë`mÀ`mV {XgVm`V. H$mVS>rbm nS>boë`m ôJm,
hmVmnm`m§da ~è`m Z hmoUmè`m OI‘m, aº$miboë`m {haS>çm.
gmar hmS§> ~mhoa Ambobr, AZ² Mmirg {H$bmoÀ`m AmgnmgMo
dOZ. Ë`mbm KoD$Z Amboë`m gmoOram§Zm H$moUrVar {dMmabo,
H$s Aem n[apñWVrVë`m ‘mUgmbm Vwåhr ì`m`m‘ H$am`bm
H$m ^mJ nmS>V hmoVm? Ë`mZo H$Yr VH«$ma Zmhr Ho$br; Vmo
åhUm`Mm ‘r R>rH$ Amho, ‘r n{hë`mnmgyZ AgmM ~marH$
Amho. nU Vwåhmbm ~marH$ ‘mUyg Am{U hmS>m§Mm gmnim
`m§Vbm ’$aH$ H$iV Zmhr H$m?, Amåhr Ë`m§Zm {dMmabo.
gmoOra Im§Xo CS>dyZ Mmby nS>bo.
ho nwñVH$ dmMm`bm VodT>o gmono Zmhr. Vo dmMVmZm Amnë`m
XoemV A{bH$S>o H$moamoZmZo CS>dbobm hmhm…H$ma, A{dMmar
b°mH$S>mD$Ýg‘wio Pmbobr ñWbm§V[aV ‘Owam§Mr ggohmobnQ>,
X{bVm§Mo {nT>rOmV emofU, `m Am{U BVa Jmoï>tÀ`m OI‘m
Amnë`m ‘ZmV dma§dma {MKiV amhVmV. nU Ë`m~amo~aM
Amnë`m ‘ZmV `m Jar~, {Zînmn, Aeº$, gmÜ`mgwÜ`m,
OdiOdi {~ZMohè`mÀ`m ‘mUgm~Ôb EdT>o ào‘, EdT>r ‘m`m,
EdT>m bmo^ {Z‘m©U hmoVmo, H$s AYmemgmaIo AmnU nmZo CbQ>V
amhVmo, Am{U H$YrVar, Hw$R>oVar, H$goVar Ë`m {~Mmè`mMo

Zer~ ~Xbob Aer {d’$i Amem H$aV amhVmo. eodQ>r Ë`mMo
Zer~ ~XbVohr, na§Vw AË`§V AZno{jV VèhoZo. ‘m`Ho$bMo
{d‘moMZ hmoÊ`mAmYr dmMH$mMo {d‘moMZ ìhm`bm hdo, hm O.o
E‘. H$moEQ²PrÀ`m Xw{ZòMm AbJ Cgyb Amho. øm H$hmUrVbr
Iar OmXy åhUOo EImXm ^moim, XrZ, Xw~im AZ² H$‘Z{e~r
‘mUyg Amnë`m ^mdZm§Zm OmJ¥V H$ê$ eH$Vmo, Ë`m§Zm AmìhmZ
XoD$ eH$Vmo hr. eodQ>reodQ>r Va AmnU ‘m`Ho$bÀ`m ZmdmZo Zmao
XoD$ bmJVmo, Am{U Ë`m Zmè`m§VZy Amnë`m ñdV…À`m {d‘moMZmMm
‘mJ© ‘moH$im hmoVmo. AmOÀ`m OJmV, OoWo "nam^yV' hr EH$
dmB©Q> {edr ~Zbr Amho, VoWo AmnUm gdmªZm Aem {d‘moMZmMr
JaO Amho.
"bmB©’$ A±S> Q>mBåg Am°’$ ‘m`Ho$b Ho$' hr H$mX§~ar 1983
gmbr ~wH$a nm[aVmo{fH$mZo Jm¡adbr Jobr (H$moEQ²PtÀ`m "{S>ñJ«go '
`m H$mX§~arbm 1999 gmbr hm nwañH$ma {‘imbm). 2003
gmbr H$moEQ²PtZm Zmo~bo nwañH$mamZo Jm¡adÊ`mV Ambo. à{ejUmZo
g§JUH$emók Am{U ^mfmemók Agboë`m `m boIH$mMr
à{V^m Ë`mÀ`m Vrd« ~w{Õ‘ÎmogmaIrM bIbIVo. Ë`m§À`m
A{bH$S>rb {bImUmV VÎdkmZ Am{U AmË‘narjU `m§VyZ
òUmar A§V‘w©IVm {XgyZ òVo, na§Vw Ë`m§À`m boIZmVë`m
Abm¡{H$H$VoMo ahñ` åhUOo ‘mZdr AmËå`mÀ`m AXå` ñdê$nmMo
Xe©Z, dU©Z Am{U {Zê$nU H$aÊ`mMr Ë`m§Mr VmH$X. "bmB©’$
A±S> Q>mBåg Am°’$ ‘m`Ho$b Ho$'‘Üò hr VmH$X Amnë`mbm
àH$fm©Zo AZw^dmbm òVo.


AmXam§Obr
Ab{dXm
M§ÐH$m§V ~m~a
emhra amOm nmQ>rb
Á¶oð> nwamoJm‘r, {dÐmohr bmoH$emhra amOm nmQ>rb `m§Mo ZwH$VoM

{Zdm©U Pmbo. Ë`m§Mo Ago AMmZH$ {ZKyZ OmUo ‘Zmbm MQ>H$m
bmdUmao AgoM hmoVo. emhra amOm nmQ>bm§Zr "VwH$mo~m {ZKmbo
d¡H$§w R>mbm?' hm nmodmS>m {OVŠ`m Aä`mgnydH© $ {b{hbm {VVŠ`mM
VmH$XrZo Vmo ‘§Mmdê$Z gmXahr Ho$bm. VwH$mam‘mMr hË`m Pmbr
ho OmhranUo gm§JÊ`mMo YmS>g amOm^mD$§Zr Ho$bo hmoVo, ho Ë`m§Mo
H$m`© {dñ‘¥VrV OmUmao Zmhr. VwH$mam‘ gmXa H$aV AgVmZm
Ë`m§Zr Or D$Om© ñdV…V EH$dQ>br hmoVr Vr VwH$mam‘mnmgyZ,
VwH$mam‘mÀ`m Aä`mgmVyZ Ë`m§Zm {‘imbr Agë`mMo Ë`m§Zr
doimodoir Z‘yX Ho$bo hmoVo. Ë`m§Mo ho ^mî` ‘hÎdmMo hmoVo.
VwH$mam‘ Ë`m§Zr nwÝhm ‘oIogmaIm ‘Ü`dVu amoD$Z R>odbm hmoVm.
IoS>monmS>r nwÝhm EH$Xm Zobm hmoVm. ho Ë`m§Mo H$m‘ IynM ‘moR>o
hmoVo. emhra amOm nmQ>rb bm¡{H$H$mWm©Zo {Od§V Zgbo Var
boIH$ AmaJ, Vm. {‘aO {O. gm§Jbr ¶oWo {Zdmgr AgyZ eoVH$ar AmhoV.
B©‘b
o - cbabar2012@gmail.com

VwH$mam‘mÀ`m {Zdm©UmMm ^mî`H$ma åhUyZ Ë`m§Mo AgUmao ñWmZ
nwamoJm‘r MidirV, VwH$mam‘mÀ`m Aä`mgH$m§gmR>r H$m`‘Mo
AYmoaopIV AgoM amhrb. ‘m¡pIH$ na§naoVyZ {bpIV na§naoH$S>o
Amboë`m emhra amOm nmQ>bm§À`m H$m`m©Mr nwamoJm‘r ‘hmamï´>mZo
åhUmdr VodT>r XIb KoVbr Zmhr, ho IoXmZo ‘mÝ`M H$amdo
bmJob. nwamoJm‘r {dMmad§Vm§À`m dmQ>çmbm Oo òVo VoM gdm©Wm©Zo
amOm^mD$§À`mhr dmQ>m`bm Ambo hmoVo. ho amOm^mD$§Mo Zer~
Zìho Va hm ‘hmamï´>r` ‘mZ{gH$VoMm nwamdm åhUyZ nwÝhm EH$Xm
nwT>o Ambo Amho.
àdmhmÀ`m {damoYmV OmD$Z H$mhr ZdrZ ‘m§S>Ur H$aUmè`m
{dMmad§VmÀ`m nXar Oo BWbm g‘mO, BWbr g‘mOì`dñWm,
BWbr Y‘©ì`dñWm Am{U BWbr amÁ`ì`dñWm Q>mH$Vo Vo Ago
`mVZmXm`H$ AgVo, `mMr à{MVr amOm^mD$§À`m {Z{‘ÎmmZo
nwZ:nwÝhm òV am{hbr. H$dR>o‘hm§H$mi gma»`m AmS>JmdmV
amhÿZ VwH$mam‘m§À`m gm{hË`mda àM§S> Aä`mg H$ê$Z boIZ
H$aUo Am{U Vohr ñdV…bm {dÐmohr, nwamoJm‘r, ~§S>Imoa åhUdyZ
KoUmè`m {dMmad§Vm§Zmhr Ponbo Zmhr, Vmo VwH$mam‘mÀ`m hË¶oMm
‘wÔm n¥ð>^mJmda AmUUo Am{U Ho$di Vmo n¥ð>^mJmda AmUUoM
Zìho Va Ë`m{df`r {ZU©`na ^mî` H$aUo, {dYmZ H$aUo, OmhranUo
gm§JV amhUo hr gmYrgwYr Jmoï> Zìho. Ho$di kmZoídambm
bmoH$gIm Va VwH$mam‘mbm g§Vgy`© åhQ>ë`mÀ`m H$maUmZo Áòð>
boIH$ AmZ§X `mXd `m§Zm ApIb ^maVr` ‘amR>r gm{hË`
g§‘obZmMo AÜ`j åhUyZ OmD$ {Xbo Zmhr. ho CXmhaU VmOo
AgVmZm VwH$mam‘mÀ`m hËòg§X^m©V ^mî` H$aUo {H$Vr ‘hmJmV

nS>b
o `mMr H$ënZm Ë`m§Zm ZìhVr Ago Zmhr. Amnë`m nmodmS>çmV
Ë`m§Zr Jmoù`m Ioim`bm gwÕm ‘mPr N>mVr V`ma Amho Ago
^`§H$a YmS>gr {dYmZ Ho$bo Amho.ho Ë`m§Zm Ambobo ^mZ Am{U
YmS>g gm§ñH¥${VH$ÑîQ>çm ‘hÎdmMo g‘Omdo bmJob. à{VJm‘rÀ`m
AÈ>m AgUmè`m {OëømV amhÿZ Ë`m§À`m {damoYmV OZOmJ¥Vr
H$aV {’$aUo hr H$moUË`m Q>moH$mMr Jmoï> Amho, ho Aä`mgH$m§Zm
doJio gm§Jm`Mr JaO Zmhr. `m AWm©Zohr amOm^mD$§Mo YmS>g
Am{U Ë`m§Mo H$m`© AË`§V ‘hÎdnyU© Ago Amho. gZmVÝ`m§À`m
{damoYmVrb Ë`m§Mo ho g‘moamg‘moarb ~§S>, CÐoH$ Hw$UmHw$Umbm
AmH«$ñVmim qH$dm Q>moH$mMm gwÕm dmQ>bm. Aem§Zr amOm^mD$§H$S>o
nmR> {’$adbr. H$mhtZr `m nwñVH$mMr nmR>amIU H$aÊ`mMo gwÕm
ZmH$mabo, hohr `m{Z{‘ÎmmZo gm§JUo JaOoMo dmQ>Vo. nU VwH$mo~mMm
dmagm gm§JUmè¶mbm ¶mMr H$m¶ Vr {’$H$sa AgUma!
AgmÜ` Vo gmÜ` & H$[aVm gm`mg & Ho$di Aä`mg & VwH$m
åhUo &&
gZmVÝ`m§Zm Pm|~ob Aer YmaXma ^mfm amOm^mD$ Amnë`m
nmodmS>çmVyZ Cn¶moOVmV. hr ^mfm ghOmghOr AdJV hmoV
Zmhr. `mgmR>r àM§S> Aä`mg H$amdm bmJVmo Am{U ‘ohZV
¿`mdr bmJVo. BVH$s ‘ohZV VwH$mam‘m{df`r Am{U ñdV§Ì
Aer ^mfm e¡br {dH${gV H$aVmZm S>moignUmZo amOm^mD$§Zr
KoVë`mMo {XgVo. Am{U hr ^mfm e¡br, hr ~§S>Imoar, hr Y‘H$
Ho$di VwH$mam‘mÀ`m Aä`mgmVyZ {Z‘m©U Pmbr Ag§ Vo dma§dma
OmhranUo gm§JV. Ë`m‘wio VwH$mam‘mMm Aä`mg, VwH$mam‘mÀ`m
{dMmaì¶yhmMr JaO Vo AYmoaopIV H$aV am{hbo. VwH$mam‘mMm

Ë`m§Mm Aä`mg hm EH$m§Jr ZìhVm. `m Aä`mgmÀ`m ‘wimer
XmoZ {dMmad§Vm§Zr noabobr ‘Zmo^y{‘H$m hmoVr. H$mb© ‘mŠg© Vo
S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a `m§À`m {dMmam§Mr N>mn emhra amOm
nmQ>rb `m§À`m boIZmda OmUdVo. emhra amOm nmQ>rb `m§Zrhr
doimodoir doJdoJù`m àg§Jr {dZ‘«nUo Vo AYmoaopIV Ho$bo Amho.
VwH$mo~mZ§Va Ë`m§Zr VWmJV Jm¡V‘ ~wÕmda bj H|${ÐV Ho$bo
hmoVo.
ZD$ ‘mM© gmoimeo nÞmg gmbmbm
‘w§~mOr ~«m÷UmMm H«$moY ^S>H$bm
YwbdS>rÀ`m a§JmV Xohÿ Jmd a§Jbobm
VwH$mo~mZm Zob§ B§ÐmÙr H$mR>mbm
VwH$mo~m§À`m {Zdm©Umg§~Y§ r ^mî` H$aVmZm emhra amOm nmQ>rb
Agm {MÌ‘` àg§J S>mù o `mg‘moa gmjmV C^m H$aVmV. g‘moaÀ`m
àojH$mMr a{gH$mMr Aä`mgH$m§Mr, Ë`mÀ`m ‘mZ{gH$VoMr
namH$mï>m hmoVo. a{gH$ AñdñW hmoVmo, Aä`mgH$mÀ`m ‘|XyMm
J§O {ZKyZ nS>m`bm bmJVmo. ho gd© à{H«$òÀ`m nmVirda nwT>o
gaH$V AgVmZm amOm^mD$§Mm nmodmS>m hr nwT>o gaH$V amhVmo.
VwH$mo~m§Zm B§ÐmÙrÀ`m H$mR>mbm AmUbobm Amho. nwT>o Ë`m§Mo
H$m` hmoUma? H$go Am{U H$m`... H$m`? amOm^mD$ H$miOmMm
R>moH$m MwHo$b Aem nhmS>r AmdmOmV JmVm JmVm EH$X‘ hido
hmoVmV...Ë`m§À`m S>moù`mVyZ nmUr AmoKim`bm bmJV§ Am{U
a{gH$m§À`m H$miOmMm R>md MwH$Vmo. gmjmV VwH$mo~mMm dof
KoVboë`m amOm^mD$§À`m S>moù`mVb§ nmUr Am{U a{gH$mÀ`m
S>moù`mVb§ nmUr EH$mM doiobm IiIi dhm`bm bmJV§.

amOm^mD$ H$mHw$iVrbm òD$Z JmV AgVmV.
T>mob Vmem dmÚm§Mm JOa Amg‘§Vmbm
hË`m VwH$mo~mbm XJS> ~m§Ybm earambm
’o$Hy$Z {Xbm B§ÐmÙrÀ`m dmhË`m nmÊ`mbm
VwH$mo~m§Mr Aer hË`m H$aÊ`mV Ambr. ZwgVr hr hË`m
EH$m ì`º$sMr hË`m ZìhVr. hr hË`m hmoVr EH$m gm§ñH¥${VH$
na§naobm I§{S>V H$aÊ`mgmR>r Ho$bobr `moOZm qH$dm AmIUr
Aem AWm©Mr. Am{U ho gJi§ gwédmVrbmM nmodmS>çmVyZ
amOm^mD$ gm§JV amhVmV. VwH$mo~m§À`m nwamoJm‘r {dMmam§Mr ‘m§S>Ur
AbJXnUo Ë`m§Zr H$ê$Z R>odbobr AgVo. Am{U hr H$aVmZm
g§V gm{hË`mVrb, g§V M[aÌmVrb, g§V na§naoVrb H$mhr g§Vm§Mo
XmIbo XoV XoV Vo VwH$mo~m§À`m hË¶oÀ`m H$Q>mn`ªV òD$Z Wm§~bobo
AgVmV. hm H$Q> CKS> H$aVmZm Vo {b{hVmV
~«m÷U ~mobbm ~hþOZ dJm©bm
VwH$m d¡Hw§$R>mbm Jobm Amåhr ~«m÷Um§Zr nm{hbm
{^dm ‘m§J {Od§V gmjrbm
IyZ nM{dbm {^dm ‘wH$m Ho$bm
VwH$mo~m§Mr hË`m bndÊ`mH$aVm ~«m÷UmZr `moOboë`m
d¡Hw§$R>J‘ZmÀ`m WmoVm§S> H$Woda emhra WoQ> àhma H$aVmV Am{U
ho H$aV AgVmZm {^dm ‘m§J {Od§V gmjrbm hr gmj H$mT>VmZmM
IyZ nmMdrbm {^dm ‘wH$m Ho$bm Agohr gm§JVmV. {^dm ‘wH$m
Ho$bm Amho ho gyMZ Amho. {^dm ‘m§J H$emàH$mao ‘wH$m Ho$bm
ho ‘mÌ emhra gm§JV ZmhrV. em{ham§Zm ~hþOZm§Zm EH$Ì ~m§Ym`Mo
hmoVo. OmVr-OmVrVbr Xar H$‘r H$am`Mr hmoVr. ho àH$fm©Zo

OmUdVo. EdT>o Z¡{VH$ ^mZ emhra amOm nmQ>rb `m§Zm Z¸$sM
hmoVo ho hm nmodmS>m EoH$VmZm, dmMVmZm OmUdV amhVo.
{ed emhÿ ’w$bo `m ‘hm‘mZdm§Zm A{^dmXZ H$arV bmoH$emhra
amOm nmQ>rb Amnë`m nmodmS>çmMr gwédmV H$aV. hr gwédmV
H$aV AgVmZmM Vo Oo {ZdoXZ H$aV AgV Vo AË`§V ‘hÎdmMo
Ago. `m {ZdoXZmV ñdV…Mm C„oI ‘hm‘mZdm§Zm A{^dmXZ
H$ê$Z nmodmS>m JmZmam emhra Agm H$aV. H$mhr A§er Vo Iao
gwÕm hmoVo. g§^mOr ^JV, {eVb gmR>o Ago H$mhr AndmX
dJiVm Eo{Vhm{gH$ nmodmS>o gmXa H$aUmao H$bmd§V Aem
A{^dmXZmZo nmodmS>çmMr gwédmV H$arV ZmhrV. Aem AWm©Zohr
emhra amOm nmQ>rb ho {dÐmohr emhra hmoVo. `m {dÐmohr em{ham§Mm
H$ig hmoÊ`mMm ~hþ‘mZhr Ë`m‘wio amOm nmQ>bm§Zm OmVmo.
nmodmS>çmMr gwédmV Vo Aem àH$mao H$arV
{edmOr g§^mOr emhþ ’w$bo {^‘amd Am§~oS>H$am§Zm
‘wOam em{ham§Mm ‘h‘mZdmZm ‘wOam em{ham§Mm ‘hm‘mZdmZm
^maV‘mVm {díd{dYmVm, àoaUm gdmªZm bmoH${ejUm dV©‘mZ
H$mim H${d hmVI§S>m, JUm Pmonbm ~mi VmÝhm hbdm nmiUm
&& 1 &&
{eH$m {eH$dm {dÐmohr M§XZm, ‘amR>r ^mfm ‘hmamï´> ^wfUm
em§Vr gmJa X`m Jm¡V‘ ~wÕmZm, ‘Zm A§OZm nwÝhm H«$m§Vr
{dam§JUm && 2²&&
g§VmMr ^y‘r ‘mPr ‘hmdra g§V èd§V, {H$Vud§V JwUmd§XZm
ì`gZQ>mim, {dMma‘mim am‘ H¥$îUhar {dÇ>b åhUm åhUm &&
3 &&

g§V VwH$mam‘ doJim AmJim, Xhr Kwgim bmoUr doJim
Zm‘Xodo nm`m a{Mbm, M§X^mJm dhmVo {dÇ>b MaUm && 4 &&
amOm nmQ>rb {dkmZ `wJmMm, Jm¡ad Ho$bm H$mì` ’w$bm§Mm KS>U
KS>bm N>§X H$dZmMm AmB©-d{S>b MaUm àW‘ d§XZm && 5&&
emhra amOm nmQ>rb ho na§naoVyZ na§naoÀ`m gmÀ`mVyZ {Z‘m©U
Pmbobo emhra ZìhVo. AmË‘H$ï>mZo AmË‘^mZmZo Vo em{har
na§naoH$S>o dibo AmhoV. hr na§nam Zm‘Xod VwH$mam‘m§Mr na§nam
Amho. Ë`m‘wio Vr ‘hÎdnyU© AerM Amho. XwX£dmZo emhra amOm
nmQ>bm§Mm nmodmS>m JmUmam Ë`m§Mm H$moUr emJrX© qH$dm {eî`
V`ma Pmbm Zmhr, ho gJù`mV dmB©Q>. amOm^mD$ EdT>çm
bdH$a OmVrb Ago dmQ>boM ZìhVo. Ë`m§Mr àH¥$Vr, Ë`m§À`m
OJÊ`m{df`rMm AmË‘{dídmg ho gJio nmhVm Ë`m§Zr IynM
bdH$a EpŠPQ> KoVbr Ago åhUmdo bmJob.

"n[adV©ZmMm dmQ>gê$'gmR>r boIZ nmR>dVmZm

Amnbo boIZ nmR>dVmZm g§nmXZmÀ¶m gmo¶rgmR>r Vo gwdmƒ
AjamV {b{hbobo dm Q>§H${b{IV dm g§JUH$mÛmam ‘w{ÐV
Ho$bobo AgmdoV. ‘w{ÐV boI E‘Eg dS>© AWdm noO‘oH$a‘Ü¶o
lrXod 7-0708 ¶m AWdm ‘§Jb, E[aAb ¶w{ZH$moS>,
CËgmh, {edmOr qH$dm VËg‘ ¶w{ZH$moS> ’$m°ÊQ>‘Ü¶o nmR>dmdo.

nwñVH$ n[aM¶
gr‘mbT>çmMm g‘J«
d¥fmbr ‘JXÿ‘
B{Vhmg
AmZ§X ‘oUgo `m§Mo "g§Kf© ‘hmamï´>mV {dbrZ hmoÊ`mgmR>r' ho

nwñVH$ ZwH$VoM XmXm nwad [agM© A±S> QóqZJ BpÝñQ>Q>çyQ>À`m
dVrZo àH$m{eV Pmbo Amho. Jobr nmgï> df} hm bT>m gwê$
Amho. H$m`©H$Ë`mªMr {Vgar {nT>r AmVm `m bT>çmV gh^mJr
Pmbr Amho. EH$ ‘o 1960 amoOr ‘w§~B© amOYmZr Agbobo
‘hmamï´> amÁ` {Z‘m©U H$aÊ`mV Ambo. nU ~oiJmd, H$madma,
{~Xa, ^mbH$s, Jwb~Jm© ho ‘amR>r ^mJ ‘hmamï´>mV g‘m{dîQ>
H$aÊ`mV Ambo ZmhrV. Amåhr ‘amR>r ^m{fH$ AmhmoV Am{U
åhUyZ Amåhmbm ‘hmamï´>mV {dbrZ H$am, hr ‘amR>r ‘mUgm§Mr
‘mJUr AÚmn ‘mÝ` Pmbo b r Zmhr. gr‘m àíZm§ À `m
gmoS>dUwH$sgmR>r Xwb©j Pmbo Amho. VgoM `m bT>çm{df`r
’$mago AmVmn`ªV {b{hbo Jobo Zmhr. Ë`m‘wio AmO AZoH$
bmoH$m§Zm {deofV… VéUmB©bm ‘amR>r ^m{fH$ Jmdo ‘hmamï´>mV
bo{IH$m Zdr ‘w§~B©pñWV gm‘m{OH$ H$m¶©H$Ë¶m© AgyZ ‘amR>rÀ¶m {Zd¥Îm

àmÜ¶mnH$ AmhoV.
B©‘b
o - vamagdum@gmail.com

g‘m{dï> hmoÊ`mgmR>r H$m` g§Kf© H$amdm bmJbm Vo ‘mhrV
Zmhr. hm bT>m d Joë`m nmgï> dfm©V H$moUr H$moUr `moJXmZ
{Xbo ho gm§JUo Amdí`H$ Amho Ago AmZ§X ‘oUgo `m§Zm dmQ>bo
Am{U åhUyZ Ë¶m§Zr MidirMm g‘J« B{Vhmg gm§JUmao
Aä`mgnyU© Ago ho nwñVH$ {b{hbo Amho.
‘amR>r ^m{fH$m§Mm gr‘mbT>m hm Iao Va ‘hmamï´>mÀ`m
Apñ‘VoMm d gr‘mdVu ^mJmVrb ‘amR>r ^m{fH$m§À`m g§Kfm©Mm
bT>m Amho. AmZ§X ‘oUgo d Ë`m§Mo 94 dfmªMo dS>rb H$m°.
H¥$îUm ‘oUgo `m§Zr `m bT>çmV àË`j gh^mJ KoVbm Amho. Vmo
EH$ ^mamdyZ Jobobm H$mi hmoVm. bmoH$ O‘ob Ë`m ‘mJm©Zo {ZfoY
Zm|XdV hmoVo.
‘amR>r ^m{fH$m§Mo KQ>ZmË‘H$ A{YH$ma amOamognUo ZmH$mabo
OmV AmhoV, hr ^mdZm bmoH$m§‘Üò AmOhr Amho. 5 OyZ,
1960 amoOr ‘hmamï´> d H$Zm©Q>H$ àíZmda VmoS>Jm H$mT>Ê`mgmR>r
Mma gXñ`r¶ g{‘Vr Zo‘Ê`mV Ambr hmoVr, nU g{‘Vrbm
VmoS>Jm H$mT>Vm Ambm Zmhr.
17 OmZodmar 1956 amoOr gr‘mbT>m gwê$ Pmbm, gdmªV
XrK©H$mi Mmbbobm. AmOhr Mmby Agbobm d H$mhrhr ‘mJ©
Z {ZKmbobm Agm hm bT>m Amho. 1 ‘o 1960 amoOr ‘amR>r
^m{fH$m§Mo ‘hmamï´> amÁ` Pmbo, nU ~oiJmd, H$madma, {ZnmUr,
{~Xa ,^mbH$s, Jwb~Jm©, ImZmnya `m ^mJm§Mm g‘mdoe Ho$bm
Jobm Zmhr. `m AÝ`m`m{déÕ ‘amR>r ^m{fH$ AmOhr bT>V
AmhoV. gr‘m^mJmVrb hOmam| H$m`©H$Ë¶mªZr hm bT>m A{daVnUo
Mmby R>odbm Amho. ‘moM}, Am§XmobZo, CnmofU§, YaU§, gË`mJ«h

`m gd© Jmoï>tMm Adb§~ Ho$bm Amho. 1985‘Üò ~oiJmd Vo
‘w§~B© nX‘moMm© H$mT>bm hmoVm. ‘{hbm§Zr {hdmir A{YdoeZmda
YS>H$ ‘moMm© H$mT>bm hmoVm. 1986 ‘Ü¶ohr gË`mJ«h Pmbm.
eaX ndma d N>JZ ^wO~i `m§Mm `m gË`mJ«hmV gh^mJ
hmoVm. ImZmnyabm Ë`m dfu gr‘m n[afX Am`mo{OV Ho$br Jobr.
1988 ‘Ü¶o ‘w§~B©V hþVmË‘m Mm¡H$mV EH$eoAmR> {Xdgm§Mo YaUo
gË`mJ«h Ho$bm Jobm. 1996‘Ü¶o ‘hmnm¡a {dO`mbú‘r MmonS>o
`m§Zr CnmofU Ho$bo hmoVo. ApIb ^maVr` ‘amR>r gm{hË` g§‘obZ
XmoZ hOma gmbr ~oiJmd òWo Pmbo. Ë¶mdoir gr‘m àíZ hm `m
g§‘obZmV ‘hÎdmMm ‘wÔm hmoVm. Ë`m dfu AmPmX ‘¡XmZmda
YaUo Am§XmobZhr Pmbo.
2002 gmbr ~oiJmd, ZmJnya Agm YS>H$ ‘moMm© Am`mo{OV
H$aÊ`mV Ambm hmoVm. 2004 gmbr ‘hmamï´> gaH$maÀ`m dVrZo
gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mV hm àíZ ZoÊ`mV Ambm.
ñdmV§Í¶ àmárZ§Va XoemV ^mfmdma àm§VaMZm hmoUma d Vr
Amdí`H$ Amho ho gdmªZmM ‘mÝ` hmoVo, nU ~oiJmd, H$madma
‘hmamï´>mV g‘m{dï> hmoÊ`mgmR>r à`ËZ Mmby hmoVo. 1929 d
1946 Ago XmoZ doim ApIb ^maVr` ‘amR>r gm{hË` g§‘obZ
Pmbo. `m XmoÝhr g§‘obZmV gr‘m àíZmda MMm© d R>amd Pmbo.
ñdmV§Í¶ àmárZ§Va ^mfmdma àm§VaMZoMr OmoaXma MMm© gd©Ì
hmoV hmoVr. ImZmnya òWo 1953‘Ü¶o EH$ n[afX â{dÊ`mV
Ambr hmoVr. amÁ` nwZa©MZm Am`moJmMr ñWmnZm `mdoir H$aÊ`mV
Ambr. nU Am`moJmÀ`m {e’$maer H$moUmbmM ‘§Oya ZìhË`m.
Ë`mZ§Va `m ^mJmV dmVmdaU Vmny bmJbo. ‘w§~B© gh g§`wº$

‘hmamï´> d ‘hmamï´>mV ~oiJmd gh gr‘m^mJ `mgmR>r n{hbm
gË`mJ«h 18 Zmoìh|~a 1955 amoOr Pmbm. Voìhm H$m°. H¥$îUm
‘oUgo ho n{hbo gË`mJ«hr hmoVo, ~oiJmdgh g§`wº$ ‘hmamï´>
ìhmdm Aer ‘mJUr. ‘amR>r gr‘m^mJ åh¡gya amÁ`mV g‘m{dï>
H$aÊ`mV Ambm, Ë`m‘wio gVam OmZodmar 1956 amoOr ~§X
nmiÊ`mMm AmXoe ‘hmamï´> EH$sH$aU g{‘VrZo {Xbm d gË`mJ«h
nd© gwê$ Pmb§. AZoH$ VéU Vwé§JmV OmD$ bmJbo. ~oiJmdmV
g§Mma~§Xr hmoVr. AZoH$m§Zm AQ>H$ hmoV hmoVr. ¶m Am§XmobZmVyZ
H$m.° H¥$îUm ‘oUgo, H¥$îUm Xoenm§S>o, ^mD$ AmOJmdH$a, O`§V
Zmd}H$a Aer H$m`©H$Ë`mªMr ‘moR>r ’$ir V`ma Pmbr.
AZoH$ bmoH$m§Zr `m gË`mJ«hmV ~{bXmZ {Xbo, nmobrgm§À`m
Jmoir~mamV AZoH$ hþVmË‘m Pmbo, Ý`m`‘yVu ’$mOb Abr
`m§À`m g{‘VrÀ`m AhdmbmZ§Va àíZ gwQ>Ê`mEodOr O{Q>b
Pmbm. Am§XmobZmZ§Va H|$Ð gaH$maZo h[a^mD$ nmQ>gH$a `m§Mr
EH$gXñ`r` g{‘Vr Zo‘br. nmQ>gH$am§Mm {ZdmS>m Am§XmobZH$Ë`mªZm
nmaXe©H$ d `mo½` dmQ>ë`mZo ‘mÝ` hmoVm. 1957 bm n{hbr
{ZdS>UyH$ ~oiJmdmV Pmbr. g§`wº$ ‘hmamï´> g{‘Vrbm KdKdrV
è {‘imbo.
1956 AIoarg gË`mJ«hmMo n{hbo nd© g§nb. 1 Zmoìh|~a
1958 bm Xwgao nd© gwê$ H$aÊ`mMm {ZU©` Pmbm. {ZnmUr,
H$madma, ImZmnya òWo gË`mJ«h H$aÊ`mg gwédmV Pmbr. Eg.
E‘. Omoer, ‘mYdamd ~mJb, H$m°. XÎmm Xoe‘wI Aem AZoH$m§Mm
`mV gh^mJ hmoVm. ‘mB© R>mHw$am§À`m ZoV¥ËdmImbr Ag§»`
‘{hbmhr `m gË`mJ«hmV gm‘rb Pmë`m. Ë`mdfu ~oiJmdmV

{edO`§Vr CËgmhmZo gmOar H$aÊ`mV Ambr. 18 {S>g|~a
1958 bm {hdmir A{YdoeZmV {X„rV ‘moMm© ZoÊ`mV Ambm.
emhra A‘aeoI ho Ë`m§À`m H$bmnWH$mgh AJ«^mJr hmoVo.
1 ‘o 1960 amoOr ‘w§~B©gh ‘hmamï´> amÁ` {Z‘m©U Pmbo.
gr‘m àíZ ‘mÌ gwQ>bm Zmhr. g§`wº$ ‘hmamï´> g{‘VrMr nS>PS>
Pmbr. Am§XmobZ ‘mÌ MmbyM am{hbo. gË`mJ«h, ‘moMm©, CnmofU
`m§À`m aoQ>çm‘wio gaH$maZo naV ‘hmOZ Am`moJ Zo‘bm. {dYmZg^m
d {dYmZn[afXoV EH$‘VmZo Am`moJmMm Ahdmb ’o$Q>miyZ
bmdÊ`mV Ambm. ~°. A§Vwbo Am§XmobH$m§À`m ~mOyZo R>m‘nUo
Cô am{hbo. `mM H$mimV èd§Vamd MìhmU ~oiJmdmV Ambo
AgVm Am§XmobZH$Ë`mªZr Ë`mZm H$mio {ZemU XmIdbo.
1966‘Ü¶o {edgoZm ñWmnZ Pmbr. Ë`m§À`m nmqR>ã`m‘wio `m
Midirbm naV MmbZm {‘imbr. H$m°. H¥$îUm ‘oUg|Zr 15
Am°JñQ> 1969 amoOr gmå`dmXr gmám{hH$ gwê$ Ho$bo. gr‘màíZ
{hararZo ‘m§S>y bmJbo. gr‘m Midirbm nmqR>~m AgUmao AmMm`©
AÌo, AÊUm ^mD$ gmR>o, emhra A‘a eoI, emhra JdmUH$a
`m§Mo {ZYZ hm Midirda ‘moR>m AmKmV hmoVm. ~°. ZmW n¡ g^m
KoÊ`mgmR>r ~oiJmdmV Ambo hmoVo. Ë`m§Mo {ZYZmZo Midirda
Xw…ImMm S>m|Ja H$mogibm. 1972À¶m {ZdS>UwH$s‘wio hr
g{‘VrMr {nN>ohmQ> hmoD$Z Vr {dñH${iV Pmbr.
1975À`m AmUr~mUrV AZoH$ ZoVo Vwé§JmV Jobo.
1977À`m {ZdS>UwH$sV ‘moamaOr XogmB© n§VàYmZ Pmbo Vo ‘w§~B©V
Ambo AgVm gr‘màíZ gwQ>bm Zmhr. åhUyZ {edgoZoZ§ Ë`m§Zm
‘w§~B©V òÊ`mgmR>r ‘‚mmd Ho$bm. 1982 `m dfu {H$aU R>mHy$a,

AÊUmgmho~ nmQ>rb `m§Zr Am§XmobZmV g{H«$` gh^mJ KoVbm.
Ë`m§À`m ZoVË¥ dmImbr 4 Zmoìh|~a 1981 amoOr ‘w~§ B© {dYmZgôda
bmImo ‘mWmS>r H$m‘Jmam§Zm KoD$Z ‘moMm© H$mT>bm. Ë`mZ§Va gr‘m
^mJmVrb ‘{hbm§Zm EH$Ì H$ê$Z {X„rV VrZ {Xdg YaUo
Yabo. n§VàYmZ B§{Xam Jm§Yr d amï´>nVr P¡bqgJ `m§Zm {ZdoXZ
{Xbo nU R>mgo AmídmgZ {‘imbo ZìhVo. 1983À`m {ZdS>UHw $sV
‘amR>r ‘mUgmbm âKmog è {‘imbo, ‘hmZJanm{bH$m ‘amR>r
‘mUgmÀ`m hmVmV am{hbr. H$Zm©Q>H$mVrb gaH$ma H$mogië`mZo
1985‘Ü¶o naV {ZdS>UyH$ Pmbr. H$m`©H$Ë`mªZr 15 E{àb
amoOr ~oiJmd Vo ‘w§~B© nX‘moMm© H$mT>bm. 1 ‘o ‘hmamï´> {XZr gmao
‘w§~B©V XmIb Pmbo. ‘w»`‘§Ìr dg§VamdXmXm ñdV… ôQ>m`bm
Ambo. {X„rV OmD$Z amOrd Jm§Yter gr‘m àíZmda MMm©
Ho$br. 5 d 6 ‘o 1986 amoOr g§`wº$ ‘hmamï´> gr‘m g{‘VrMo
n{hbo A{YdoeZ H$moëhmnwamV Pmbo. 1986‘Üò eaX ndma
gË`mJ«h ñWir nadmZJr ZmH$maë`mZo J{Z‘r H$mdm H$ê$Z
Ambo d gË`mJ«hr§Zm nmR>~i {‘imbo. Ë`mZ§Va ImZmnya,
H$moJZir, {ZnmUr, d¡OZmW `m ^mJmV gË`mJ«hmMo bmoU
nmohmoMbo. ~oiJmd VéU ^maV d BVa dV©‘mZnÌm§Zr H$Zm©Q>H$
emgZmÀ`m XS>nemhrMm {ZfoY Zm|XdV I§~ra ^y{‘H$m KoVbr.
gË`mJ«hmV AZoH$ bmoH$ OI‘r Pmbo. Jmoir~mamV ZD$ OUm§Zm
hm¡VmËå` bm^bo. hm gË`mJ«h nmMeo AmR> {Xdg Mmby hmoVm.
ghm ‘mM© 1988 amoOr ImZmnyamV ‘moR>r n[afX Pmbr. ‘Yy
X§S>dVo, ‘Zmoha Omoer, N>JZ ^wO~i, XÎmm nmQ>rb, JUnVamd
Xoe‘wI AmXr ‘mÝ`da ‘§S>ir ¶mdoir CnpñWV hmoVr.

g§`wº$ ‘hmamï´> g{‘VrMo {MQ>Urg Eg. E‘. Omoer `m§Mo
1989 ‘Ü¶o {ZYZ Pmbo d MidirMm AmYmadS> Jobm.
1993 bm MidirVrb {Zð>md§V H$m`©H$V} ImZmnya ‘VXma
g§KmVyZ {ZdSy>Z òD$Z Am‘Xma Pmbo. Ë¶mZ§Va ìhr. Am`.
MìhmU `m§Zr AmË‘XhZmMm à`ËZ Ho$bm. ‘w§~B© ~m°å~ñ’$moQ>mZo
hmXabr hmoVr. gr‘m àíZ ‘mJo nS>V hmoVm. 20 Zmoìh|~a
1996 amoOr {X„rV O§Va‘§Va òWo ‘hmnm¡a d BVa H$m`©H$Ë¶mªZr
CnmofU gwê$ Ho$bo. 73 do ApIb ^maVr` ‘amR>r gm{hË`
g§‘obZ 28, 29, 30 OmZodmar 2000 gmbr ~oiJmd òWo
Pmbo. `. {X. ’$S>Ho$ ho ¶m g§‘obZmMo AÜ`j hmoVo. Ë`mZr
Ë`m§À`m ^mfUmV gr‘màíZ bT>çmMr {Xem gm§{JVbr. ‘hmamï´>
gaH$maZo gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mV hm àíZ XmIb H$amdm Ago
Ë`m§Mo åhUUo hmoVo.2004 gmbr gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mV hm Xmdm
XmIb Ho$bm hmoVm. Ë¶mZ§Va gmoim dfmªMm H$mi bmoQ>bm Amho.
nU AmOVmJm`V H$mhrhr Pmbobo Zmhr. 10 Zmoìh|~a 2005
amoOr ~oiJmdÀ¶m ‘hmnm¡a {dO`m ‘moao `m§À`mda H$ÞS> ajU
do{XHo$À`m H$m`©H$Ë`m§Zr h„m Ho$bm. 10 Zmoìh|~a amoOr gd©
H$m`©H$V} O‘bo d 12 VmaIobm Xhm hOmam§hÿZ OmñV àjwãY
g‘wXm` O‘bm. ~oiJmd ~§X H$ê$Z haVmi nmiÊ`mV Ambm.
24 gßQ>|~a 2006 bm H$Zm©Q>H$ gaH$maZo {hdmir A{YdoeZ
~oiJmdmV KoVbo. AWm©VM ‘amR>r EH$sH$aU g{‘VrZo ¶m {damoYr
^y{‘H$m KoV ~oiJmdmV ‘hm‘oimdm Am`mo{OV Ho$bm. Ë`mZ§Va
2018n`ªV {hdmir A{YdoeZ ~oiJmdmV âdÊ`mMr àWm
H$Zm©Q>H$ gaH$maZo Mmby R>odbr. Vr AmOVmJm`V Mmby Amho.

’$º$ 2019 ‘Ü¶o A{Vd¥ï>r‘wio ho A{YdoeZ Pmbo Zmhr, Va
‘hm‘oimdmhr Pmbm Zmhr. 2006 gmbr H$Zm©Q>H$ gaH$maZo
gwdU©gm¡Y hr B‘maV ~oiJmdmV ~m§Ybr. Mmaeo H$moQ>r IMm©Mr
hr B‘maV dfm©VyZ Ho$di Xhm {Xdg dmnabr OmVo. H$Zm©Q>H$
gaH$maZo ~oiJmdbm CnamOYmZrMm XOm© {Xbm. 23 OmZodmar
2009 bm ‘hmZJanm{bHo$darb ^Jdm ÜdO CVadbm Jobm.
‘hmZJanm{bH$m ~aImñV H$aÊ`mV Ambr Am{U àemgH$
Zo‘bo Jobo. ~oiJmdMr ‘amR>r hr AmoiI nwgÊ`mMm H$Zm©Q>H$
gaH$ma à`ËZ H$ê$ bmJbo. 2011‘Ü¶o H$Zm©Q>H$mV {díd H$ÞS>
g§‘obZ â{dÊ`mV Ambo. `mM dfu H$ÞS> ^mfobm A{ÔmV
^mfoMm XOm© {‘imbm. ¶m g§‘obZmÀ¶m doir gr‘m Am§XmobZmZo
bmdbobo "Amåhr ‘amR>r AmhmoV åhUyZ Amåhr ‘hmamï´>mV
g‘m{dï> hmoD$ BpÀN>Vmo' Ago gm§JUmao ’$bH$hr Oo.gr.~r.À`m
ghmæ`mZo {Oëhm àemgZmZo VmoS>bo AmhoV. H$ÞS> ^mfoV ’$bH$
bmdUo gº$sMo Ho$bo OmV Amho. gr‘màíZ AmOhr dmXJ«ñV
Amho. gdm}ƒ Ý`m`mb`mV Xmdm àb§{~V Amho. ~oiJmdmV
Joë`m Vrg dfm©V naàm§Vr`m§Mr JXu dmT>V Amho. H$Zm©Q>H$
gaH$ma Amnbm àXoe, Amnë`m bmoH$m§Mo h¸$ d A{YH$ma
`mgmR>r Iyn OmJê$H$ Amho. CbQ>njr ‘hmamï´> ‘mÌ IynM
CXmgrZ, {ZpîH«$` Amho. nydu J«m‘rU ^mJmV Omo H$ÞS> ‘amR>r
^m{fH$m§V gbmoIm hmoVm Vmo AmVm am{hbobm Zmhr. `mbm
AZoH$ H$maUo Agë`mMo boIH$ Z‘yX H$aVmo. gwédmVrÀ`m
H$mimV Ý`m`mgmR>r ^m§S>Umar g§KQ>Zm Aer g§KQ>ZoMr à{V‘m
hmoVr. Vr H$maU ZgVmZm Amamonm§À`m ’¡$arV AS>H$br. Iao Va

g§KQ>Zm OmVr`dmXr ZìhVr. gd© Y‘mªMo bmoH$ `mV hmoVo.
OmVr` X§Jbr gr‘m ^mJmV H$Yrhr Pmë`m ZmhrV. gr‘màíZ
Am§XmobZmV {edgoZoMm gh^mJ dmT>bm. 69 {edg¡{ZH$ gr‘m
Am§XmobZmV Jmoir~mamV R>ma Pmbo. {edgoZm ‘amR>rÀ`m ~mOyZo
^y{‘H$m KoV hmoVr. nU {edgoZÀo `m H$å`w{ZñQ> {damoYr ^y{‘Ho$‘wio
AZoH$ H$m`©H$V} ~mhoa nSy> bmJbo. gr‘m^mJmV qhXwËddmXmMr
Oer dmT> hmoD$ bmJbr Vgm gr‘m Midirda {VMm A{Zï>
n[aUm‘ hmoD$ bmJbm. g{‘VrÀ`m {nN>ohmQ>rbm gwédmV Pmbr.
AmO E{H$H$aU g{‘Vr AZoH$ AmKmS>çm§da AmOhr H$m`©aV
Amho. eoVH$è`m§À`m O{‘Zr KoÊ`mMm gaH$maZo YS>mH$m bmdbm.
Ë`m {damoYmV g{‘Vr doimodoir Am§XmobZ H$aV Amho.
eoVH$è`m§À`m g‘ñ`m {Xdg|{Xdg J§^ra hmoV AmhoV. eoVH$è`m§Zm
Ý`m` {‘idyZ XoÊ`mgmR>r g{‘Vr H$m‘ H$aV Amho. hm g§Kf©
gwê$M amhUma AmhoV, Ago AmZ§X ‘oUgo åhUVmV.
Agm arVrZo AmZ§X ‘oUgo `m§Zr "g§Kf© ‘hmamï´>mV {dbrZ
hmoÊ`mgmR>r' `m 324 nmZr nwñVH$mV Cnamoº$ g§Kfm©Mm B{Vhmg
dmMH$m§g‘moa {Od§V Ho$bm Amho.
AmZ§X ‘oUgo d Ë`m§Mo dS>rb H$m°. H¥$îUm ‘oUgo `m§Mm `m
bT> ç mV àË`j gh^mJ Agë`mZo hm bT> m bo I H$mZo
bhmZnUmnmgyZ KamV nm{hbm Amho. AZw^dbm Amho. ghZ
Ho$bm Amho. Ë`m ghZ H$aÊ`mMr EH$ AmM AgVo, Pi
~gbobr AgVo. Vr `m boIZmVyZ gƒonUmZo CVabr Amho.
Hw$‘ma Ho$VH$am§Zr nwñVH$mÀ`m àH$meZ àg§Jr Ho$boë`m ^mfUmV
hm bT>m ‘m§S>Ê`mgmR>r 322 nmZo nwaoer ZmhrV, hm bT>m

g{dñVanUo H$mhr I§S>mV ‘m§S>bm OmÊ`mMr JaO {deX Ho$br.
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g§Kfm©Mm g‘mdoe AgUo Amdí`H$ Amho Ago dmQ>Vo.
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H$aVmZm ‘hmamï´>mVrb ZoË`m§Mo ‘hÎdnyU© `moJXmZ gm§{JVbo Amho.
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¶oVo. Am§XmobZmV PmoHy$Z XoUo, ~{bXmZ `m Jmoï>r A{Ve`
nmoQ>{VS>H$sZo d dmMH$m§À`m öX`mbm hmV KmbUmè`m VgoM
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XoB©b Ago dmQ>Vo.
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g§Kf© ‘hmamï´>mV {dbrZ hmoÊ¶mgmR>r, AmZ§X ‘oUgo, àH$meH$ … XmXm nwad
[agM© A±S> Q´>oqZJ BpÝñQ>Q>çyQ>, ‘w§~B©, n¥. 324, 400 é.

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1. Amnbo AàH$m{eV g§emoYZna boI ‘m¶H«$mogm°âQ>

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E[a¶b ¶w{ZH$moS>, H$mo{H$im B.) n¥ð> H«$‘m§H$ Am{U
erf©H$ Z‘yX H$ê$Z research.watsaru@gmail.com
`m B©‘ob nÎ`mda nmR>dmdo. B©‘obIoarO AÝ` nÕVrZo
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2,000 Vo 5,000 eãX Agmdr.
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Ë`m‘Üò ^mfoMm à‘m{UV dmna, g§X^mªÀ`m emómoº$
nÕVrMm Cn`moJ, {dMmam§Mm ñdV§ÌnUm AgUo J¥hrV
Am{U JaOoMo Amho.
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dmQ>gê$' {ZfoYmh© ‘mZVmo Am{U Aem àH$maÀ`m
boIZmg ‘wirM àmoËgmhZ {Xbo OmUma Zmhr.

5. nrEM.S>r. à~§YmVrb àH$aUo nmR>dy Z¶oV.
6. nyd©à{gÕr {‘imbobo boI ¶m {d^mJmV nmR>dy Z¶oV.
7. g§emoYZna boI àH$m{eV H$aÊ`mgmR>r "dmQ>gê$'
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ñdrH$maÊ`mV Amë`mMr qH$dm Z Amë`mMr ‘m{hVr
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BVa g§nH©$ gmYZm§Mm dmna H$ê$ Zò.
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BZ Q>³o ñQ> n°aW| {o Q>H$b Am°Wa S>Qo > gm¶Q>e
o Z (In Text Par-
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Adb§~ H$amdm. ¶m nÕVrZwgma àË¶j boIm‘Ü¶o Amboë¶m
g§X^mªMo AmYma XoUo A{^àoV AgVo. Ë¶m‘Ü¶o boIH$mMo
AmS>Zmd, g§X^©JW§« mMo àH$meZdf© Am{U WoQ> CX²YV¥ Agob
Va n¥. H«$. Zm|X{dUo Amdí¶H$ AgVo. CXm. (nmQ>rb
1997, n¥. 43) g§X^©J«§Wm{df¶rMo AÝ¶ Vnerb
boImÀ¶m eodQ>r OmoS>boë¶m g§X^©¶mXr‘Ü¶o XoUo Ano{jV
Amho. CXm. (nmQ>rb, M§ÐH$m§V (1997) … Mm¡H$Q>r~mhoaMo
Mohao, OZeº$s dmMH$ Midi, Am¡a§Jm~mX.)
B§J«Or d ‘amR>r g§X^©¶mXr ñdV§Ì Agmdr. hr ‘m{hVr XoVmZm
H«$‘ J«W§ (ñdV§Ì, g§nm{XV B.), {Z¶VH$m{bH$, dV©‘mZnÌ,
AàH$m{eV H¥$Vr; à~§Y B., g§Ho$VñWi d g‘mO‘mÜ¶‘
Agm Agmdm.
EH$mM boIH$mMr AZoH$ nwñVHo$ Agë¶mg Va g§X^©¶mXr‘Ü¶o
dfm©ZwH«$‘ nmimdm.
boIm‘Ü¶o EH$mM gmYZmMm g§X^© bmJmonmR> ¶oVmo Voìhm "VÌ¡d'

eãX dmnê$Z n¥ð> H«$‘m§H$ Úmdm. CXm. (‘m§S>Ho$ 2020,
n¥. 27), (VÌ¡d 29)
g§X^© gyMr boIH$m§À¶m AmS>Zmdm§ZwH«$‘o d Z§Va dfmªZwH«$‘o
Úmdr. OoWo EH$mM boIH$mMo EH$mM dfm©Vrb boI AWdm
J«§WmMm g§X^© Agob VoWo CXm. 2017 A, 2017 ~
Agm dmna H$amdm. OoWo boImMo AWdm J«§WmMo EH$mnojm
A{YH$ boIH$ AgVrb VoWo n{hë¶m boIH$mÀ¶m ZmdmZ§Va
"d BVa' Ago OmoS>mdo. g§X^© gyMrVrb AÝ¶ C„oI
Imbrbà‘mUo AgmdoV. BZ Q>o³ñQ> gm¶Q>oeZ nwT>o H§$gmV
{Xbo AmhoV.
boIH$mMm J«§W … nmQ>rb, M§ÐH$m§V (1997) … Mm¡H$Q>r~mhoaMo

Mohao, OZeº$s dmMH$ Midi, Am¡a§Jm~mX. (nmQ>rb
1997, n¥. 78)
g§nm{XV J«§W … ^moio, ^m. b. d {H$emoa ~oS>{H$hmi (g§nm)
(2003) … ~XbVm ‘hmamï´>, S>m°. ~m~mgmho~ Am§~oS>H$a
AH$mX‘r, gmVmam. (^moio d ~oS>{H$hmi 2003, n¥.
178)
g§nm{XV J«§WmVrb boI … ^mJdV, d§XZm (2009) …
"nwÝhm EH$Xm "S>m°ëg hmD$g'', JrVmbr, {d. ‘§. (g§nm)
óràíZ gmoS>dVmZm, {XbrnamO àH$meZ, nwU,o n¥. 412-
418. (^mJdV 2009, n¥. 413)
{Z¶VH$m{bH$mVrb boI … ~m~a, AemoH$ (2015) …

""~' ~irMm … EH$ ^maVr¶ noM', Apñ‘VmXe©, dm{f©H$
{deofm§H$, n¥. 10-21 (~m~a 2015, n¥. 20)
dV©‘mZnÌmVrb boI … Q>oH$mio, S>m°. ZmJoe (2021) …
"{hadmB© hoM Iao Am¡fY', ‘hmamï´> Q>mB©åg, 16 E{àb
2021, n¥. 6 (Q>oH$mio 2021, n¥. 6)
AàH$m{eV H¥$Vr … ndma, àkm X¶m (2015) … "Jmo. nw.
Xo e nm§ S > o ¶m§ À ¶m ZmQ> H $m§ M m {M{H$ËgH$ Aä¶mg',
(AàH$m{eV à~§Y, ‘w§~B© {dÚmnrR>) (ndma 2015, n¥.
188)
g§Ho$VñWimdarb boI … ~m§XoH$a, àdrU XeaW (2021)
… "IwÁ¶m gmdë¶m§Mm H$mi'
https://www.loksatta.com/lokrang-news/matt-spelling-
mistake-for-printing-alumni-posters-banners-or-
leaflets-akp-94-2452328/
(g§Ho$VñWimbm ôQ> 26 E{àb 2021) (~m§XoH$a 2021)
g‘mO‘mÜ¶‘ … Ho$ed dmK‘mao (2021)
https://m.facebook.com/
story.php?story_fbid=3962216370538487
&id=100002504892114
(g§H$o VñWimbm ôQ> 26 E{àb 2021) (dmK‘mao 2021)

BWohr CnbãY
AWd© npãbHo$eÝg
Vi‘Obm, Amo‘ hm°pñnQ>b,
A±½bmo CXÿ© hm¶ñHy$bOdi, XÎm H$m°bZr,
OiJmd-425001
Xÿ. 0257-2239666
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538 A, e{Zdma noR>, {H$~o bú‘r {WEQ>ag‘moa,
Aßnm ~id§V Mm¡H$,
nwUo 411030
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¶w{ZH$ ~w³g
¶w{ZH$ A°H°$S>‘r, XodrXmg AmH}$S>, n§MdQ>r Mm¡H$, ‘moeu amoS>,
A‘amdVr
Xÿ. 0721 2667815
nrnëg ~wH$ hmD$g

‘ohoa hmD$g,
15, H$mdgOr nQ>ob ñQ´>rQ>, ’$moQ>©
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