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Class 10 - Social Science

Development Test 01

1. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Suppose for the present that a particular country is quite developed. We would certainly like this level of development to
go up further or at least be maintained for future generations. This is obviously desirable. However, since the second half
of the twentieth century, a number of scientists have been warning that the present type and levels of development are
not sustainable. Groundwater is an example of renewable resources. These resources are replenished by nature as in the
case of crops and plants. However, even these resources may be overused. For example, in the case of groundwater, if we
use more than what is being replenished by rain then we would be overusing this resource Non-renewable resources are
those which will get exhausted after years of use. We have a fixed stock on earth that cannot be replenished. We do
discover new resources that we did not know of earlier. New sources in this way add to the stock. However, over time,
even this will get exhausted. Consequences of environmental degradation do not respect national or state boundaries; this
issue is no longer region or nation-specific. Our future is linked together. Sustainability of development is comparatively
a new area of knowledge in which scientists, economists, philosophers and other social scientists are working together.
In general, the question of development or progress is perennial. At all times as a member of society and as individuals
we need to ask where we want to go, what we wish to become and what our goals are. So the debate on development
continues.
i. Pick out the cause that enhances environmental degradation:
a) Planting of trees
b) Allowing an increase in the level of exhaust fumes emitted by cars, buses, trucks, etc.
c) Ban on the use of plastic bags
d) Prevention of factory wastes getting mixed up with river water
ii. Which of the following statement defines Sustainable Development?
i. Sustainable use of natural resources without considering the need for future generations.
ii. The present generation fulfils its needs while considering the needs of the future generation as well.
iii. It means the utilization of natural resources by the past, present and forthcoming future generation.
iv. To meets the needs of future generations even if the needs of the present generation go unmet.
a) Option (iv)
b) Option (i)
c) Option (iii)
d) Option (ii)
iii. What kind of development should be achieved by making a sincere attempt of preserving the environment and
resources?
a) Economic Development
b) Both eco-friendly development and sustainable development
c) Sustainable development
d) Eco-Friendly development
iv. The future generation may not have sufficient resources as compared to the present generation because:
i. Resources are being used judiciously by the present generation, which will make them exhausted
ii. Resources are being used optimally by the present generation, which will make them exhausted
iii. Resources are being overused by the present generation, which will make them exhausted
iv. Both resources are being used judiciously by the present generation, which will make them exhausted and
resources are being overused by the present generation, which will make them exhausted
a) Option (ii)

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b) Option (iii)
c) Option (i)
d) Option (iv)
v. Who among the following is not working on the study of sustainability of development?
a) Scientists
b) Analytics
c) Social scientists
d) Economists
vi. The new resources discovered are added to ________.
a) ubiquitous
b) stock
c) reserve
d) capital
2. Which among the given refers to economic development?
a) Increase in standard of living
b) Increase in per capita incomes
c) Increase in security
d) Increase in rate of population
3. What option do we have if non-renewable resources get exhausted?
a) Shut down the use of energy
b) More invention of resources
c) Potential energy resources
d) Substitute resources
4. Equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect for others are the examples of:
a) Income
b) Growth
c) Material things
d) Non material things
5. Classification of countries on the basis of their income is done by calculating:
a) Literacy rate
b) BMI
c) Per capita income
d) Infant mortality rate
6. Sustainable Economic Development means:
a) To use resources judiciously
b) To increase the number of cars and buildings
c) To increase the number of bank accounts
d) To increase savings
7. Assertion (A): Equal treatment, freedom, security, and respect can be some important goals.
Reason (R): What cannot be measured is not important for development.
a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
c) A is true but R is false.
d) A is false but R is true.
8. What is India's HDI rank in the world?
9. What are the developmental goals of prosperous farmers from Punjab?

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10. Explain the concept of 'Human Development' with an example.
11. Besides size of per capita income, what other property of income is important in comparing two or more societies?
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12. Study the table and answer the questions below:
State Per Capita income for 2002-03(in Rs)
Punjab 26,000

Kerala 22,800
Bihar 5,700
i. Which state has the highest per capita income in a year?
ii. Which state has the lowest per capita income in a year?
iii. Which state is better one and why?
13. Why do different individuals have different as well as conflicting notions of development goals?
14. Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries.
15. With the help of an example, show how two groups may have different notions of development.

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Class 10 - Social Science

Development Test 01

Solution

1. i. (b) Allowing an increase in the level of exhaust fumes emitted by cars, buses, trucks, etc.
Explanation: Allowing an increase in the level of exhaust fumes emitted by cars, buses, trucks, etc.
ii. (d) Option (ii)
Explanation: Present generation fulfills its needs while considering the needs of the future generation as well.
iii. (b) Both eco-friendly development and sustainable development

Explanation: Both eco-friendly development and sustainable development

iv. (b) Option (iii)
Explanation: Resources are being overused by the present generation, which will make them exhausted
v. (b) Analytics
Explanation: Sustainability of development is comparatively a new area of knowledge in which scientists,
economists, philosophers, and other social scientists are working together.
vi. (b) stock
Explanation: We do discover new resources that we did not know of earlier. New sources in this way add to the
stock.
2. (b) Increase in per capita incomes
Explanation: Per capita income is often used to measure an area's average income. This is used to see the wealth of the
population with those of others. Per capita income is often used to measure a country's standard of living. Therefore,
with the increase in the country's per capita income, there will be an improvement in its standard of living. High levels of
per capita income and high standard of living are the main characteristics of developed countries.
3. (c) Potential energy resources
Explanation: If non-renewable resources get exhausted they cannot be replenished so we will have to depend on
renewable resources which can be replenished easily within a small period of time, e.g. geothermal energy, tidal energy,
nuclear energy, etc.
4. (d) Non material things
Explanation: Equal treatment, freedom, Security, and respect for others are non-material things. We can't buy non-
material goods but in some cases, these may be more important than more income or more consumption because material
goods are not all you need to live.
5. (c) Per capita income
Explanation: Per capita income is often used to measure an area's average income. This is used to see the wealth of the
population with those of others. Per capita income is often used to measure a country's standard of living. It is usually
expressed in terms of a commonly used international currency such as the euro or US dollars.
6. (a) To use resources judiciously
Explanation: Sustainable development is economic development that attempts to satisfy the needs of humans but in a
manner that sustains natural resources and the environment for future generations. It can also be defined as the process of
economic development which aims at maintaining the quality of life of both the present and the future generations
without harming the natural resources and environment.
7. (c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: Besides seeking more income, one way or the other, people also seek things like equal treatment,
freedom, security, and respect for others. They resent discrimination. All these are important goals. In fact, in some
cases, these may be more important than more income or more consumption because material goods are not all that you

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