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| (1) Customer contacts company with inquiry.
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| (2) Customer service representative receives inquiry
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| (3) Representative logs inquiry into system
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| (4) Representative determines nature of inquiry
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(5a) (5b) (6a)
Product Service Inquiry
Info Escalation Resolved
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v v v

(End) (End) (End)

Atomicity is one of the fundamental properties of transactions in database systems, including

Transaction Processing Systems (TPS). It refers to the principle that a transaction must be
treated as an indivisible unit of work, meaning that either all operations within the transaction
must be completed successfully, or none of them should be executed.

The significance of atomicity in maintaining data integrity is as follows:

• If a transaction involves multiple operations or updates to the database, and one or

more of these operations fail, atomicity ensures that the entire transaction is rolled
back, leaving the database in its original consistent state.
• Without atomicity, partial updates or incomplete transactions could lead to data
inconsistencies, corruption, and violation of data integrity constraints, such as
referential integrity or business rules.
• Atomicity guarantees that transactions are treated as a single logical unit, preventing
the database from being left in an inconsistent or invalid state due to partial or
incomplete updates.

Atomicity, along with the other ACID properties (Consistency, Isolation, and Durability),
ensures that transactions in TPS are reliable, maintainable, and preserve the integrity of data,
even in the event of system failures, errors, or concurrent access.

Q. ERP systems are designed primarily for remote-access by employees to plan future
activities using existing resources, and they may also be referred to as an operating system
for company resources management.

False. Correction: ERP systems are enterprise-wide information systems designed to

integrate and automate various business processes and functions within an organization,
such as manufacturing, logistics, finance, accounting, human resources, and more. They are
not primarily designed for remote access or planning future activities using existing
resources.

The case study:

Sunshine Electronics is a leading retailer of electronic gadgets, offering a wide range of products from smartphones to home appliances.
Recently, they have expanded their operations to include an online store, allowing customers to browse, select, and purchase products
virtually. The online platform integrates with its existing physical inventory system) (supply chain management)and fustomer service
operations to provide a seamless shopping experience. Sunshine Electronics online store operates through a well-structured framework
that integrates various functions to ensure a seamless shopping experience for its customers. At the core of its operations Inventory
Management/plays a crucial role in maintaining an up- to-date record of all products, which includes tracking their quantities,
specifications, and storage locations. This meticulous record-keeping is essential to ensure that the online store accurately reflects the
available stock, preventing discrepancies between what is displayed. online and what is physically available.

Parallel to Inventory Management, the Sales Processing function/takes charge of the entire customer order cycle. This process begins when
a customer adds a product to their cart and continues through to payment processing, ensuring a smooth and efficient checkout
experience. This function is critical in converting browsing sessions into successful sales transactions. To complement the sales and
inventory functions, Customer Support stands ready to assist customers with any inquiries, complaints, or feedback they might have. This
support is provided through various communication channels, including email, chat, and phone, ensuring that customers can easily find
help in the most convenient manner.

Beyond the storefront Supply Chain Management works diligently to foster and maintain relationships with suppliers, malflage order
restocking, and guarantee the timely delivery of products to the warehouse. This back-end function is pivotal in ensuring that the online
styre remains well-stocked and capable of meeting customer demand The Marketing and Promotions team crafts and oversees online
marketing campaigns to drive traffic and increase sales offering discounts and promotional deals. These efforts are designed to attract new
customers and retain existing ones by offering value that encourages repeat busines

Its core processes, including Order Fulfillment and Customer Relationship Management (CRM), are at the heart of Sunshine Electronics,
online operations Order Fulfillment encompasses the entire journey from when a customer places an order online to when they receive
their product, ensuring customer satisfaction and loyalty. On the other hand, CRM focuses on managing interactions with current and
potential customers, aiming to prove relationships and foster sales growth through personalised engagement and support. Critical
management processes like Performance Monitoring and Strategic Planning Jupport these operational activities. Performance Monitoring
involves constantly tracking and analysing the online store's performance across various metrics such as sales, customer satisfaction, and
inventory turnover. This data is vital for identifying areas of improvement and ensuring the store's offerings meet customer expectations.
Strategic Planning, meanwhile looks at the bigger picture by developing long term strategias aimed at market expansion, enhancing the
product range, and securing a competitive position in the market. Together, these processes ensure that Sunshine Electronics' online store
not only meets current customer also well-positioned for future growth and success.

Based on the case study provided, here are the identified components:

1. Functions, processes, transactions, and events:

- Functions: Inventory Management, Sales Processing, Customer Support, Supply Chain
Management, Marketing and Promotions
- Processes: Order Fulfillment, Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Performance
Monitoring, Strategic Planning
- Transactions: Customer orders, payment processing, restocking orders
- Events: Online marketing campaigns, promotional deals

2. Online and real-time transactions:

- Customer orders placed through the online store
- Payment processing during checkout
- Real-time inventory updates and tracking
- Online customer support through chat or email
3. Core and management processes:
- Core processes: Order Fulfillment, Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
- Management processes: Performance Monitoring, Strategic Planning

4. Three market forces for the case:

- Consumer preferences and demand for online shopping convenience
- Competition from other online retailers and e-commerce platforms
- Technological advancements in online shopping and digital marketing

5. Three regulatory mechanisms:

- Consumer protection laws and regulations for online transactions
- Data privacy and security regulations for handling customer information
- Advertising and marketing regulations for online promotions and discounts