- 5.

75 Focal Length of Lenses

- Converging Lenses→Convex lenses. Curves outwards on both sides and cause parallel light
rays to move closer together/converge at a point.
- Diverging Lenses→Concave lenses. Curved inwards on both sides and cause parallel light
rays to move apart/diverge.
- Features Associated with Lenses
- Principal Focus (F)→In converging lenses, it is the point at which the light rays which
are parallel to the pricipal axis are focused.

In diverging lenses, it is the point from which the light rays appear to come from.
- Focal Length (f)→The distance from the centre of the lens to the principal focus
- Power→The measure of a lens' ability to bend light. In converging lenses this value is
positive and in diverging lenses this value is negative
- %LOCAL_FILE%eMEfdrnDbijWenHtW4bSPzyq5NdpxpLX0h-
_ly1GIkSKIJ6xL21DDtdRtgpjyRE01kM08zmfgpu2wjsyk73c9fgU_K1e62_dXCb1UHaqmy
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- 5.76 Ray Diagrams
- All Ray Diagrams
- %LOCAL_FILE%4T_jy_64AuAiVRf0fWwXbQoh8zj3f_UYYQyAxnq-
hWpQVKZWJGmfN-5s0dixF71CX4NJ7GXDVesT2QJvUs7J_JIeMJNj0y5VMsC_0oiUX-
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- To draw a ray diagram
- Draw two lines from the same point of an object (e.g the top), one which passes through
the centre of the lens and is left unrefracted and one which moves parallel to the principal
axis and passes through the principal focus.
- If the image is real, it will form where the two lines meet. If it is virtual, it will appear
where the two lines appear to come from, this can be found by drawing a dashed line
backwards from both of the initial lines and finding the point they meet.
- %LOCAL_FILE%rkOxjWxTqdXqSpnSgeoG7RghIwpvnf_WC4Eo_f5HQAEmYvEIC-
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- 5.77 Power of a Lens
- Formula for Power of a Lens→%LOCAL_FILE%-jGf58w873d4V0byq52Bken6DEGuJ-
VOs5KcgzcrHnGS9HSoulmrHjZoTVwrvrmekUWsjeWskvnXJtULyluerKxze68_GkiZ7zOq
LYRnC8YhDcWsdzF_5dpbtGkcy9EI.png
- 5.78 Power of Several Thin Lenses in Combination
- Thin Lens→A lens with a thickness which allows ray of light to refract but not experience
dispersions or aberrations
- Dispersion→Dispersion is the separation of visible light into its different wavelengths
- Aberrations→Lens aberration is a property of lenses that results in light being spread out
over some region of space rather than being focused to a point.
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noFpEz92ZtYXH2559p8aZNndsf2AMnIpLsD9BzD7ZgH-
9Fu5zuTjq6BaH5ACynZuWDE2R082YIKolTrYhRrjC4v1BNuRABFxJVVqOV5H.png
- Formula for the power of several thin lenses→%LOCAL_FILE
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mWfbcHJyfgl12lOKKWsQKRLFU7l2bdUnNbs0CD-QspPaZYnl_huRGZF1SSLkIfe.png
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- 5.79 Real and Virtual Images