Professional Documents
Culture Documents
أشكال التآكل
أشكال التآكل
א
א
٤
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
אאאאאאאא
KE١ J٤F
KאאE١ J٤F
- ٣٨ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
Wא
WאאאE١ J٤F
א،אאא
א אא
K אא
אאאא אא
אK
אאאאאא
א،א א
אא
אאא
אאאאאאKא
אאאאא،אאא،א
٣٠{٠٠٠F٪٣אאאאאKאא
אאאאKאאEא
א
אא
K ، א(Low alloy steels )א א
אKאא(Carbon steel )
אאאאא١٠(Corrosion allowance )א
E١ J٤FאE٢٥Fאאאאא
Kאאאא
- ٣٩ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאאאE١ J٤F
א א
(µpy)L
٣٠٠ J٨٠ אאא
٢٠٠ J٦٠ אא
٦٠ J٢٠ אא
٣٠ J١٥ א
٥٠ J١٠ א
٨٠ J١٠ א
٥٠ J٥ ١٠ J٩٠–א
١
١ ––
WאאE٢ J٤F
אאאאאאאא
،א א،
K אאאאאאא
אא אאאא
אא K אא
אאE
אאאאFא
אאאא
- ٤٠ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
אא،אאE٢ J٤F
אא
- ٤١ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאאאאאE٢ J٤F
- ٤٢ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאE٣ J٤F
ME٤ J٤Fא
،אא(aerated)
،אK אאאEאאFאאא
אאאאא
FאאKאאאאMClא
א، אא KEFאאEא
אאKאאא
אאאאא،א،אא،
אא(stainless steels)אא،(stagnant waters)
E
אאאFאאKאאא
אE
אאאFא،א
א אאE٣ J٤Fא KE
אאF
אא٣١٦אאאא
Kא(hastelloy C, F)א
- ٤٣ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאאאאאE٣ J٤F
א א
L
(µmpy )
٨٠٠–٤٠٠ אא
٣٠٠٠–١٠٠٠
٣٠٠–١٥٠ אא
١٥٠–٣٠ –
١٨٠٠–١٥٠٠
١٨٠٠–٥٠
א
––א
W(Crevice corrosion )אאE٤ J٤F
א אא
(Crevice corrosion)
אאא
،א ،אא
א
K
אאאאאאא
אאא
(Mill scale)אאאא
אא
(Differential א אאאאאאא
א
אאאKaeration zones)
אאאאאא،א،אא
אאאא
אאא
אאא
(Gaskets)א
א אאא
KE٥ J٤F،(Spot welding)אאא אא
Kאאאאאא
- ٤٤ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאE٥ J٤F
W(Intergranular corrosion )אאE٥ J٤F
אאא(Intergranular corrosion)אא
Kאא(Grain boundaries)אא
אE
אאFאאא
אאאאK
א ،א،(Alloying additions)א
אאא(Segregation)א
אאא אאKא
E٨– ١٨W٣٠٤אF אא Kא
(Sensitized)אא(Chromium depletion)אא
אאאא،○٧٨٧–٥١٠
Fאאאא،E٦ J٤Fא
K א א E٪ א
،א ○١٠٩٣ אאאא
،אא(Strong carbide formers)אא
אאאKאאאאא
K٪٠{٠٢אא
- ٤٥ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
KאאE٦ J٤F
- ٤٦ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
W(Stress corrosion)אאE٦ J٤F
אאאאא
K אאאאאא،א
אאאאא אא
אאאא
א(Stress corrosion cracking)אאא
K אא
א،אאאאאא
(Static)אKא(Residual)
K א ،א אאאאK(Dynamic)
אאאא(Corrosion fatigue )א
אאK،אאא،א
Kא
Kאא،אא،א
א ،،אא
אאאאאKאאא
K א אאא
א،אא،אאאא
אאK אאאא
K אאאאא(Aluminum brass)א
Kאאא
W( Erosion corrosion )אאE٧ J٤F
אא אא(Erosion corrosion)אא
(Wear)א(Abrasion)אאא
אאאאאאא،א
Kאא(Stainless steel)אאFאאא
אאאא
K א אא،אאאא
- ٤٧ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
אא
א(Groves) א( Waves)אא אא
א אK(Directional pattern)אא
אא(Bends)אא،אאאאאאאא
،(Impellers)אא،אא(Tees)אא(Elbows)
אאא
(Agitated vessels)א א،(Propellers)א
אאאK(Orifices)
א(Tturbine blades)א
אE٤ J٤Fא ،אא
Kאאאאא
- ٤٨ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
אאאE٤ J٤F
א א
א א א
٨{١ ١{٢ ٠{٣
L L L
٢٥٤ ٧٢ ٣٤ אא
٢٧٠ J ٤٥ אא
١٧٠ ٢٠ ٢ א
٣٣٩ ١ ٤ אאאא
٢٨٠ J ٥
٢٣٦ J ٢ ٪١٠٠Fא
E
١٠٥ J ٢ –אא
١٩٩ J ٥ – ١٠–٩٠
٠{٨
١٩٩ J ٢ – ٣٠–٧٠
٠{٥
٣٩ ١ ١ – ٣٠–٧٠
٠{٥
١ ١ א
٣ ٣١٦
٣ J ١
J א
- ٤٩ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
Wאא
אאא( אTurbulent corrosion)אאא EF
( Inlet tube אאאאאא
Kאאא،corrosion )
אא(Iimpingement corrosion)א אE
F
אאאאאאאאא
Kא
אא (Cavitations corrosion)א א EF
،EאאאFאאא
אאK אאאא
Kאאאא
אא(Fretting corrosion)אא EF
אא،אאאא
Kאאאאאא
W(Bacterial corrosion )אאE٨ J٤F
א
אאאא
אאאא אאא
K ٨٠אאאאאא
א אאאאא
WאאאK אאאא
אאא(Anaerobic bacteria corrosion)אאא
א،אאאאאאאא
אא א ،א
Kאאאאא
א،אא،אא
א(Aerobic bacteria corrosion )אאאKא
- ٥٠ -
אאא ١٦١ א
א אאאא
٪٥אא
Kאאאא
- ٥١ -