Review of Chapter3

CHAPTER
3
Literature Review of the Related Studies
Introduction
A literature review is a critical evaluation and analysis of existing literature,

research papers, and scholarly articles in a specific field of study. It involves the
systematic identification, selection, and synthesis of relevant information and
knowledge related to a particular research topic or question.
The purpose of a literature review is to provide a comprehensive overview of
the existing body of knowledge on a subject, identify any gaps in the research, and
highlight areas where further investigation is needed. By reviewing and analyzing the
available literature, researchers can gain insights into the current state of research,
identify key theories, concepts, and methodologies, and determine the most
appropriate research design and methodology for their own studies.
The review of related literature plays a crucial role in any research or
academic study. It refers to a comprehensive examination and analysis of previously
published scholarly works, such as books, journal articles, dissertations, and
conference papers, that are relevant to the subject or topic of the study.
The importance of conducting a review of related literature can be summarized as

follows:
1. Establishing Context: A review of related literature helps to establish a solid

theoretical and conceptual framework for the study. It provides a context for
understanding the current state of knowledge in the field and identifies the gaps or
deficiencies that your research aims to address.
2. Identifying Research Questions: Through a thorough review of related literature,

you can identify the key research questions or hypotheses that your study aims to
investigate. This helps in refining the focus of your research and ensuring its
relevance within the existing body of knowledge.
3. Avoiding Duplication: By reviewing existing literature, you can determine what
has already been done in your chosen field of study. This enables you to avoid
duplicating previous research efforts and ensures that you are building upon existing
knowledge instead of rehashing already established findings.
4. Providing Evidence: The review of related literature allows you to support your
research with existing evidence and theories. It helps to demonstrate the credibility
and reliability of your study by showing that it is built upon a solid foundation of
established knowledge and research.
5. Finding Methodological Guidance: Examining the methodology and approaches

used in previous studies can provide valuable insights and guidance for designing
your own research methodology. It helps you to determine the most appropriate
research methods, data collection techniques, and analytical tools for your study.
6. Recognizing Trends and Debates: A review of related literature helps you to

understand the current trends, debates, and controversies within your field of study. It
allows you to position your research within the broader academic discourse and
contribute to ongoing discussions or fill gaps in knowledge.
7. Enhancing Critical Thinking: Engaging with existing literature forces you to

critically analyze and evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of previous studies. This
improves your ability to think critically, question assumptions, and develop a more
nuanced understanding of the complexities of your research area.
In summary, the review of related literature is essential for establishing a solid

foundation for any research or academic study. It helps to provide context, identify
research gaps, avoid duplication, support claims with evidence, find methodological
guidance, recognize trends and debates, and enhance critical thinking. By conducting
a thorough literature review, researchers can ensure the relevance, rigor, and validity
of their studies.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
1. Sponcil and Gitimu (2012) The study revealed that college students had used at
least one form of social networking website. The findings provide implications
for future research on why these social networking sites have gained popularity.
Sponcil, Megan and Priscilla Gitimu. (2012). Use of social media by college
students: Relationship to communication and self-concept, Journal of
Technology Research, 1-13, www.aabri.com
2. Tariq et al. (2012) The study revealed that 51 students, teenagers and adults were
addicted to social media which was auditory and dangerous for the young
generation of users.
Tariq, Waqas., and others. (2012). The Impact of social media and Social
Networks on Education and Students of Pakistan, International Journal of
Computer Science Issues, 9(4),407-411.
3. Wysocki (2012) The study revealed that sports organizations had not
implemented systematic social media strategies in modern times. The scholar
suggested certain best practices for the proper utilization of social media in sports
communication. analyzed the role of social media in sports communication and
opined that social media could motivate sports persons.
Wysocki, Mark. (2012). The Role of social media in Sports Communication:

An Analysis of NBA Teams’ Strategy, (Dissertation) - (Unpublished) School
of Communication American University Washington, DC, USA.
4. Chena and Sushil (2013), show that the results suggest that risk perception
discourages users to develop a positive attitude which is crucial to encourage
their use of networking sites.”
Chena, Rui, and Sushil K. Sharma. "Understanding Member Use of Social

Networking Sites from a Risk Perspective." Procedia Technology 9 (2013):
331- 39. Web.
5. Curras-Perez, Carla and Silvia (2013), shows that “attitude is a key variable in
increasing satisfaction and loyalty towards SNSs. Sociability and entertainment
gratifications and perceived risks (psychological, time loss and social), are the
main drivers of user attitude towards SNSs.”
Currás-Pérez, Rafael, Ruiz-Mafé, Carla and Sanz-Blas, Silvia(2013)"Social

network loyalty: evaluating the role of attitude, perceived risk and
satisfaction." Online Information Review 37.1: 61-82. Web.
6. Davis( 2013) A study conducted in the United States on college women’s

engagement in social media conferred that high usage of social media among
college women negatively affects their grades. The study also conferred that in a
day, students spend 12 hours on social media sites.
Davis, R. (2013). Social media use may lead to poor grades. Retrieved on
12th/1/2015from http://www.browndailyherald.com/2013/04/24/
7. Elaheebocus (2013) measured the impact of online social networking on youth in
Mauritius and opined that online social websites had become prominent means of
social mobilization. The study conferred that Online Social Networks had a great
impact on the lives of young people. The scholar suggested that young people
should be guided properly on social media use and its effects by their parents and
teachers to avoid the harmful effects.
Elaheebocus, R.M.S (2013) Impact of online social networking on Youth:

Case study of Mauritius, Engineering Department University of Mauritius.
8. Ededegbe,( 2013) His job on the Effect of social networking sites on students’ In
Africa, a study conducted on the effects of social media on students conferred
that students had more friends on social networking sites than in real life and they
were able to express themselves very well on social media platforms, especially
in the case of shy students. Students also attested that social media had affected
the way they wrote because of the shorthand or short form they used when they
were on the social media platforms. Furthermore, the same study indicated that
the majority of the students agreed that because of social media, they were not
able to even have full concentration on their studies.
Ededegbe, N. (2013). The Effect of social networking sites on students’

academic performancein Grine American University, North Cyprus. Retrieved
on 11th/01/2015 from http://www.ydemokrat.blogspot.com/2013/05/the-
effect-of-social
9. Fields (2013) The study conferred that the first generation of kids and teens had
grown up with social media as an integral part of their lives. The scholar
suggested that the social media habits of youth should be reformed based on
proper guidance and counselling.
Fields, M. (2013) Social Media’s Impact on Youth, USA: Middle East Study.
10. Rithika and Selvaraj (2013) conducted an investigation on the impact of social
media on the academic performance of students in India and observed that social
networking sites like Facebook, Twitter, Orkut, etc. had diverted students from
their studies. The study revealed that students spent more time on social media
use than on academic activities. The scholars suggested that students should be
guided adequately about their social media habits and use patterns.
Rithika, M. and Sara Selvaraj (2013) Impact of social media on student’s

academic performance, International Journal of Logistics & Supply Chain
Management Perspectives Pezzottaite Journals, 2(4): 636-640
11. Rey (2013) evaluated the role of social media in higher education and pointed out
that teacher, researchers and students had used social media for various purposes.
The study revealed that the social media facilitated active participation of the
knowledge seekers in the process of learning through various sources. The
scholar suggested that social media should be used judiciously for achieving the
goal of academic excellence.
Rey, J. (2013) social media in Higher Education. USA: Research Publication.
12. Veletsianos and Royce (2013), highlight the "synergies and tensions between
online social networks and faculty identity: While SNSs can be used for
professional purposes, faculty members may resist or reject the values embedded
in such tools, which they feel may impact the ways that they perceive themselves,
their teaching, and their research.”
Veletsianos, George, and Royce Kimmons(2013) "Scholars and faculty

members' lived experiences in online social networks." The Internet and
Higher Education 16: 43-50. Web
13. Viejo, Castella-Roca, and Rufian (2013), proposed a “new system that enables
the users of SNSs to protect their personal data. More specifically, by means of
this proposal, they can exactly decide which individuals can access to their
published information. As a result, even the SNS that hosts the user data cannot
obtain any protected information if this is not explicitly allowed by the user. In
addition to that, the new scheme has been designed to work properly with well-
known SNSs such as Facebook.”
Viejo, Alexandre, Jordi Castellà-Roca, and Guillem Rufián.(2013) "Preserving

the user’s privacy in social networking sites." Trust, Privacy, and Security in
Digital Business Lecture Notes in Computer Science: 62-73. Web.
14. Wanita et al. (2013) The study revealed that social media had gained reliability,
validity and credibility over some time as prominent channels of participatory
communication, management and development across the globe.
Wanita, Sherchan., Surya Nepal and Cecile Paris (2013) A Survey of Trust in
Social Networks, ACM Computing Surveys, 45(4):47-33. www.dx.doi.org.
15. Alzahrani and Bach (2014) exploration of the impact of social media on the
personality development of adolescents and reported that the use of social media
was extreme in adolescents as they used not only for socializing, but also for
communication, entertainment, and other purposes. The scholars identified the
personality factors and offered certain interventions to minimize the negative
impact of social media on adolescents.
Alzahrani, Sultan and Christian Bach (2014) Impact of Social Media on

Personality Development, International Journal of Innovation and
Scientific Research, 3(2):11-16.
16. Bartlett et al. (2014) The study showed that a speaker's affiliation with a relevant
group is important, but this is not always apparent in short text form tweets.
Scholars suggested that fully automated technologies should be adopted by the
source of social media communication.
Bartlett, Jamie., Jeremy Reffin., Noelle Rumball and Sarah Williamson (2014)
Anti-social media, Demos, Magdalen House, London, UK.
17. Baliya et al. (2014) The impact of the use of social networking sites (SNS) on the
academic achievement of postgraduate students was studied through a descriptive
survey. The sample was randomly selected from universities and colleges located
in different areas of Jammu district.
Baliya, J.N., Kumar, Parmodh and PremLata. (2014). Effect of Use of Social
Networking Sites on the Academic Achievements of Post-Graduate Students.
International Journal of Behavioral Social and Movement Sciences. 3(1):
2277- 7547.
18. Kadam V. Sachin(2014) The goal of this study is to investigate Importance of

Social Networking Sits in Libraries. The number of libraries which adopt SNSs is
increasing to explore the respondent's attitude towards the use of social media in
marketing of library resources and services. To provide possible implication of
social media for marketing library and information products and services. To
investigate the problems in utilizing social media for marketing purposes in
libraries.
Kadam V. Sachin(2014) Impact of use of Social Networking Sites on

Library.Volume: 01, Issue: 01,ISSN NO. 2394-2479
http://www.klibjlis.com/1.9.pdf
19. Mahat and Mundhe (2014) explored the impact of social media on youth in India
and observed that social media had enabled the youth to gain awareness about the
society and current issues like abuse of human rights, education, unfavorable
effects of global warming, wrong performance of political leaders, crime against
women, corruption etc. The study revealed that social media had provided a
platform for discussion on such issues. The scholars suggested that youth should
be protected against the unhealthy contents and effects of social media in modern
society.
Mahat, S and Mundhe (2014) Impact of Social Networking Sites on the Youth,
Sinhgad Institute of Management and Computer Application, India: 225-230.
20. Mehraj et.al (2014) evaluated the impact of social media on society and pointed
out that about 93% of teenagers used social media for different purposes. The
study revealed that text messaging had increased most dramatically, along with
media multi‐tasking. The scholars also noted that social media were abused by
the users. The scholars suggested that social media should not be misused by the
users since they have harmful effects on them.
Mehraj, Hakim Khalid., Akhtar Neyaz Bhat and Hakeem Rameez Mehraj
(2014) Impacts of Media on Society: A Sociological Perspective, International
Journal of Humanities and Social Science Invention, 3(6): 56-64.
21. Miyagamwala (2014) studied the impact of social networking sites on the youth
and opined that social networking websites like Orkut, Facebook, Myspace and
YouTube had become part of daily life for an increasing number of people across
the globe. The study conferred that social media had great impact on the Indian
youth and enabled them to gain awareness about current affairs and play an
important role in modern society.
Miyagamwala, Gulshan (2014) Impact of Social Networking Sites (SNS) on

the Youth: A Studyof Badlapur, Episteme: an online interdisciplinary,
multidisciplinary & multi-cultural journal,3(2) : 6-11.
22. Reshma (2014) founded the impact of social networking sites on youth in India
and pointed out that the social media had great impact on youth of India. The
study conferred that social media facilitated sharing of information and 44 ideas
in modern times and acted as great medium for opinion formation on important
issues. The scholar noted that social networking sites impacted positively on
youth in raising their voice against social acts like violation of human rights,
corruption etc.
Reshma (2014) Impact of Social Networking Sites on Youth: A Case Study of

MDU, Rohtak, Haryana, India, International Journal of Current Research,
6(11) : 9906-9908.
23. Strickland (2014) The study revealed that the most active social media users had
a predominantly high risk for developing mental health issues, making this
connection particularly concerning. The scholar suggested that the ill effects of
social media should be examined to protect public health in modern times.
Strickland, Amelia C. (2014) Exploring the Effects of Social Media use on

The Mental Health of Young Adults, Unpublished Dissertation, University of
Central Florida, Orlando, Florida.
24. Shabir et.al (2014) evaluated the impact of social media on youth in Pakistan and
noted that social media had notable influence on the youth. The study conferred
that social media were beneficial for youth in the field of education field since
they provided certain useful resources to the youth. The scholars also noted that
social media had promoted unethical pictures, video clips and images among
youth, anti-religious post and links create hatred among peoples of different
communities. The scholars suggested that social media should be used
judiciously and responsibly in order to avoid deterioration of the relationship
among the countries.
Shabir, Ghulam., Yousef Mahmood Yousef Hameed., Ghulam Safdar and

Syed Muhammad Farouq Shah Gilani (2014) The Impact of social media on
Youth: A Case Study of Bahawalpur City, Asian Journal of Social Sciences
and Humanities, 3(4):132-151.
25. Wetzstein et al. (2014) The study revealed that social media-related publications
were not found in good numbers and suggested that the language of relevant
publications and the variety of databases, academic disciplines, and forms of
publication should be improved.
Wetzstein, Irmgard., Verena Grubmuller-Regent., Katharina Gotsch and Karin

Rainer (2014) Crises and social media: A Metastudy on Pertinent Research
and Practice, An Interdisciplinary Journal on Humans in ICT Environments,
10(2):95–124.
26. Alsenoy et al. (2015) Investigation revealed that Facebook combined data from
an increasingly wide variety of sources. The scholars emphasized that Facebook
gained a deeper and more detailed profile of its users and offered an opt-out
system for its users concerning profiling for third-party advertising purposes.
Alsenoy, Brendan Van., Valerie Verdoodt., Rob Heyman., Jef Ausloos., Ellen
Wauters and Güneş Acar (2015) From social media service to advertising
network: A critical analysis of Facebook’s Revised Policies and Terms,
Belgian Privacy Commission, www.privacycommission.com.
27. Ansari, Aslam((2015) find in her study that a remarkable point is Social
networking tools may be used as an interactive National Conference on LIS and
IT for Education platform for LIS professionals to reach out to their various
categories of users, The most of respondents feel this is an easy way to
communicate with their user group and also may be using SNSs tools to find out
the research contents.
Ansari, Aslam((2015) Use of Social Networking Sites in Library and

Information Centres. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296241236
28. Adaugo et. al (2015) The study revealed that Nigerian youth spend more time on
social media networks than other sites. Scholars suggested that social media
content portraying crime, sex and other unhealthy trends should be monitored to
protect the interests of youth in modern times.
Adaugo, Chiemela Queen., Ovute A.O and Obochi Charles I (2015) The
influence of the social media on the Nigerian youths: Aba residents
experience, Journal of Research in Humanities and Social Science, 3 (2):12-20.
29. Asmi and Madhusudhan (2015), concludes that “SNSs help scholars in research
and learning, find popular topic, collation of resources, collaborative and peer-
topeer learning. ASNSs bring researchers and researches at one place. Flexibility
in exchange of ideas and open discussions lead to free flow of information.”
Asmi, Nowsheeba Ashraf, and Margam Madhusudhan (2015)"Academic social

networking sites: what they have to offer for researchers?" Journal of
Knowledge & Communication Management 5.1. Web.
30. Chowdhury and Saha (2015) The study conferred that Facebook had a lot of
interesting features to which students were attracted more. The scholars
emphasized that Facebook enabled the youth to expand their social contacts and
knowledge in modern times.
Chowdhury, Indrajit Roy and Biswajeet Saha (2015) Impact of Facebook as a

Social Networking Site (SNS) On Youth Generations: A Case Study of
Kolkata City, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science
Invention, 4(6) : 28-42.
31. Chowdhury and Saha (2015) measured the impact of Facebook on youth in
India and found that Facebook had become more popular among the young
generation in Kolkata. The study conferred that Facebook had a lot of interesting
features through which students were attracted more. The scholars emphasized
that Facebook enabled the youth to expand their social contacts and knowledge in
modern times.
Chowdhury, Indrajit Roy and Biswajeet Saha (2015) Impact of Facebook as a

Social Networking Site (SNS) On Youth Generations: A Case Study of
Kolkata City, International Journal of Humanities and Social Science
Invention, 4(6) : 28-42.
32. Fohringer et al. (2015) studied the role of social media in natural disaster
management and observed that social media had enabled the stakeholders of
natural disaster management to reach out to the affected persons and facilitate
relief and rehabilitation works. The study also dealt with the huge amount of
potentially useful inundation-related information as well as their timely
interpretation and integration in mapping procedures.
Fohringer, J., Dransch D., Kreibich H and Schroter K. (2015) Social media as an
information source for rapid flood inundation mapping, Nat. Hazards Earth
Syst. Sci. Discuss, 3:4231–4264.
33. Grahama et al. (2015) The study revealed that social media like Twitter was used
as a prominent means of disaster communication. The scholars also discussed the
key considerations for such collaboration through an analysis of Twitter data
surrounding the 2013 landfall of Typhoon Haiyan in the Philippines.
Grahama, Cat., Chris Thompsona., Michiko Wolcottb., Joseph Pollackc and

Minh Tran (2015) A guide to social media emergency management analytics:
Understanding its place through Typhoon Haiyan tweets, Statistical Journal of
the IAOS 31: 227–236.
34. Haddon (2015) The study conferred that social media has changed the behavior
patterns of youth in modern times. The study emphasized that social media habits
and use patterns of youth should be disciplined by the experts, teachers and
parents.
Haddon, Leslie (2015) social media and Youth, The International Encyclopedia of
Digital Communication and Society, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
35. Kenchakkanavar,Anand Y.(2015)The goal of this paper is to look at the
implication and use of the most important social networking tools in libraries.
University or College Library staff members use and create various forms of
social Networks in library for their work and it influence and help to the users for
new books arrivals, library rules regulations and library information‘s.
Kenchakkanavar,Anand Y. (2015)The importance of social nnetworking sites for

possible implications and promoting librariesVol.5,April-June.Issue-2
36. Kabbur and Savitri (2015) The study revealed that social media had caused
distraction from academic preoccupation and negatively impacted the students.
The scholars suggested that the impact of social media on students should be
examined by the stakeholders to enable the students to use the social networking
technologies sites wisely and constructively.
Kabbur, Mahabaleshwar. S. and Savitri K (2015) The Impact of Mobile and

Internet Based Social Network Technologies on Student Education,
International Journal of Emerging Trends & Technology in Computer Science,
4(2) : 89-92.
37. Mishra and Sarkar (2015) in a study on the relation between mental health and
academic adjustment of secondary students of Malda area in West Bengal found a
positive relationship between psychological wellness and school modification of
young men and overall participants; though the relation between the emotional
wellness and school alteration of young women was not significant.
Mishra, B., and Sarkar, T. (2015). A study on the relation between mental health and
academic adjustment of secondary students. International Journal of
Informative and Futuristic Research. 3(2), 201-207.
38. Paladin et al. (2015) carried out a study on the usefulness of twitter during
typhoon from students’ point of view and opined that student had used twitter
during typhoon to communicate with their family and friends. The study revealed
that students considered twitter as the first source of information regarding
typhoons and the top information seek by students on Twitter is the
announcement of class suspension.
Paladin, Kriselle C., and other (2015) ‘Meron o Wala’: A Study on the Usefulness
of Twitter during Typhoon as Perceived by the Students of the Selected
Intramuros-Based Schools, International Journal of Social Science and Humanity,
5(1):130-133.
39. Rashid (2015) explored the social media and identity issue with reference to
students of universities in Assam and found that the users were glued to the social
networking website because it allowed them an opportunity to create an identity
for themselves. The study revealed that social media have become increasingly
visual in nature and the photograph was the center of a large proportion of social
media engagement.
Rashid, Ayesha Tahera (2015) social media and Identity Issue: Facebook Photos as
Online Identity, Communication Today, 17(3): 59-75.
40. Subramani, R (2015) examined the academic use of social media applications by
university students and studied the usage of various academic applications of
social media by university students. The population of the study consisted of
thirteen major disciplines of students in Doctoral, M Phil and Master Branches.
The sample size of the study comprised 482 students selected through a
convenient sampling technique. The structured questionnaire was used for data
collection.
Subramani, R (2015), The Academic Usage of Social Networking Sites by the

University Students of Tamil Nadu, Online Journal of Communication and
Media Technologies, 5(3), 162-175
41. Dhanya Pramod and Vijayakumar Bharathi (2016) in their study revealed certain
convincing insights into the usage of social media in the recruitment process
namely pre-recruitment screening, recruitment activities and social media
benefits perceived in recruitment and selection. The study resulted in the
emergence of eight distinct latent factors such as social media involvement,
experience and expertise, achievements and endorsements, candidate quality,
profile match, efficacy and reachability, target setting and branding.
Dhanya Pramod, Vijayakumar Bharathi (2016), “Social Media Impact on the

Recruitment and Selection Process in the Information Technology Industry”
International journal of human Capital and information Technology
Professionals, 7(2), pp. 36 – 52.
42. Heinze,Aleksej(2016) Digital and Social Media Marketing: A Results-Driven

Approach is an exciting new industry-led, research-informed and results-driven
guide to digital commerce. Its examples draw from SMEs and from Europe to
offer a unique perspective for those learning about digital marketing and, having
been developed in close collaboration with the Search Engine Marketing Trade
Association (SEMTA), it is a reliable source of prevailing industry standards for
practitioners at the cutting edge of their trade. Unlike other digital marketing
texts, this accessible textbook gives special consideration to the ethical challenges
raised by an increasingly digital world. Equally unique is the book’s Digital
Business Maturity Model, which offers organisations a clear roadmap for
understanding their relative levels of technology adoption. Embracing the true
spirit of Digital and Social Media Marketing, the book will be the first of its kind
in this field with digital learning materials, case studies and exercises available in
a supporting Massive Open Online Course (MOOC). The MOOC will enhance
learners’ experience and create an interactive international learning community.
This book will provide a hands-on, accessible and user-friendly platform to turn
skills and knowledge into a strategic advantage. Ideal for postgraduate learners,
and instructors interested in providing a unique and up-to-date learning
experience and for SMEs and practitioners aiming to be at the cutting edge of
Digital and Social Media Marketing.
Heinze,Aleksej(2016) Digital and Social Media Marketing: A Results-Driven
Approach, Routledge, 28 November 2016., 346p.
43. Montaghem,Sanaz(2016)The present investigation was carried out in Karnataka

state to examine the impact of social networking sites on Iranian students. The
investigation emphasizes that social media were academically useful and
satisfactory to the respondents. The social media are also widely used in
educational institutions in India and abroad. A majority of the students in India
make use of social media for various purposes including enhancement of
knowledge.
Montaghem,Sanaz(2016) Impact of social networking sites among Iranian students in

Karnataka state a study. university of Mysore, Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished)
Karnataka, India.http://hdl.handle.net/10603/147498
44. Mensah & Nizam, (2016); in their paper aim to examine the impact of social
media on student’s performance in Malaysia. The Pearson’s correlational
coefficient are used and correlated with the academic performance of the
students. The paper used both descriptive and explanatory research design. It is
found that positive and significant relationship between friends-people
connections and students’ academic performance. It is concluded that social
media platforms has a significant impact on the student’s academic performance
and they are taught with the time management to determine success or failure of
the students.
Mensah, S. O., & Nizam, I. (2016). The impact of social media on students’
academic performance-a case of Malaysia tertiary institution. International
Journal of Education, Learning and Training Www. Ftms. Edu.
My/journals/index. Php/journals/ijelt, 1(1).
45. Padmapriya, A(2016)Social networking sites have integrated into the daily
routine of millions of users. An important distinction between social networking
sites and other communication technologies is the articulated social network.
Social networking sites have brought enormous changes in interaction and social
patterns. The present study attempts to examine the attitude, importance, risks
and benefits of social networking sites. It also concentrates on problems faced by
users in using social networking sites.
Padmapriya, A (2016) Impact of Using Social Networking Sites In Tirupur

City. Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished) Bharathiar University, Tamil Nadu, India.
http://hdl.handle.net/10603/239567
46. Srinivasan.R, Resham Bajaj and Sandeep Bhanot (2016) their study “Impact of
Social Media Marketing Strategies Used by Micro Small and Medium Enterprises
(MSMEs) on Customer Acquisition and Retention” explored the concept of social
media marketing and its role in the Micro Small and Medium Enterprise (MSME)
29 sector. It also studied the correlation between the sales obtained by a
successful marketer and the time spent on social media marketing. Exploratory
research is used to study the social media marketing strategies used by these
MSMEs for customer acquisition and retention. It is found that social media
participation has a strong influence on brand awareness and brand trust, which in
turn, have a strong influence on customer acquisition and customer retention.
Srinivasan.R, Resham Bajaj and Sandeep Bhanot (2016), in their study “Impact of
Social Media Marketing Strategies used by Micro Small and Medium
Enterprises (MSMEs) on Customer acquisition and retention”, IOSR Journal of
Business and Management, 18(1) .Ver. III, PP 91-101, e-ISSN: 2278-487X.
47. Yu et al., (2016) The results provide empirical evidence that demonstrate that the
ResearchGate score can be an effective indicator for measuring individual
researcher performance.
Yu, Min-Chun, et. al. (2016) "ResearchGate: an effective altimetric indicator for
active researchers?" Computers in Human Behavior 55: 1001-06. Web.
48. Calancie (2017) has studied The study was conducted at a child and adolescent
psychiatry clinic in Kingston, Ontario. Purposive sampling was used to select
focus group participants. The sample taken was of 8 respondents out of them 4
were females and 4 males between the age group of 13 to 18 years.
Calancie, O., Ewing, L., Narducci, L, D., Horgan, S. (2017). “Exploring how
social networking sites impact youth with anxiety – A qualitative study of
facebook stressors among adolescents with an anxiety disorder diagnosis”,
Cyberpsychology, Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 11(4).
49. Chander, Romesh & Singh, Kunwar. (2017) The purpose of this research study is
to identify the impact of social networking sites on students: A case study of
Central University of Jammu. Questionnaire was designed to find out impact of
social networking sites on students. Variable identified are age, gender,
education, social influence and academic performance.
Chander, Romesh & Singh, Kunwar. (2017) Impact of social networking sites on
the students: a case study of Central University of Jammu., 3(1) ISSN 2395-5201
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/314085868
50. Lavanya (2017) has found that the students have a positive assessment of the
highlights of e-learning through social networking sites. A greater part of students
concurred that SNS gives more intelligent alternatives to learning and helps them
to coordinate and examine the tasks and questions with their companions through
online discussion. Students can share their insights and retain what they can gain
from others in a cooperative climate. Whats more, SNS assists them with posting
instructional records, blog entries, recordings, and connections to others to share
what they have. The investigation found that SNS gives the best substance, and it
turns into a rich asset of information for students to learn. They feel that e-
learning is a serious, assisting, and connecting approach to learning. Social
networking sites are very useful for e-learning, which gives flexibility to the
education system and also to students. Study material is easily available on social
networking sites, which improves the performance of the students. However, the
negative impact of SNS has not been identified, and only positive aspects have
been highlighted.
Lavanya, R. (2017) “A study on the impact of social networking sites on

professional and personal life among college students.
51. Prabhakar,S.V.R.(2017) This paper is mainly focused on the latest development

in the area of library science where the need of social networks is playing a vital
role in dissemination of information to the users. Present days everyone is
connected with each other by means of various social networks like twitter, face
book, linked in, flicker etc. Social networking sites are one of the new
technologies of erring academic libraries the opportunities to reach out the users
of the library. This became an effective medium to exchange knowledge and
skills of the library professionals and users.
Prabhakar,S.V.R.(2017) Influence of Social Networking Sites on Library and

Information Centers.Vol.6, Issue 1, Jan–Feb 2017, pp. 83–87, ISSN Online:
2277-3584
https://iaeme.com/MasterAdmin/Journal_uploads/IJLIS/VOLUME_6_ISSUE_
1/IJLIS_06_01_010.pdf
52. Sharma & Godiyal (2017) conducted a study on the social networking sites usage
by undergraduate students. The objective of the study was to know the online
Social Networking Site usage pattern by the undergraduates’ male and female
students. The sample consisted of 550 students studying in undergraduate classes
in the various colleges of Dehradun affiliated to HNB Garhwal University. A
self-developed inventory/checklist was used to know the status of use of Social
Networking Sites by the college students. It was found that most of the
undergraduates were using SNSs and that confirms to various other studies. Even
those who are not member of any Social Networking Sites themselves were
accessing them from others’ account. It was also found that male undergraduates
were using Facebook the most while females’ top site was WhatsApp. SNSs are
accessed mostly through the mobile phones and laptops. Least used are the
tablets. For male entertainment is the top reason while for female it is education.
For males staying in touch with friends was more important. For female
preparation for competitive exams, knowledge sharing were important than other
things.
Sharma, Suraj., &Godiyal, Sunita. “A study on the social networking sites

usage by undergraduate students.” Online International Interdisciplinary
Research Journal, 6(3), 2017, pp. 157-163.
53. Bruce and Jessica (2018) found that, the number of SNSs one uses is in positive
relation to respondents reporting that they have felt like they were going to have a
nervous breakdown. While this relationship is positive for respondents 30 years
old and older, it is negative for those who are 18–29 years old.
Bruce, W. Hardy and Jessica, Castonguay. (2018). The moderating role of age in
the relationship between social media use and mental well-being: An analysis of
the 2016 General Social Survey. Computers in Human Behavior. 85,282-290: 0747-
5632. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2018.04.005.
54. Borgatti, Stephen P. (2018) Designed to walk beginners through the core aspects
of collecting, visualizing, analyzing, and interpreting social network data, this
book will get you up-to-speed on the theory and skills you need to conduct social
network analysis. Using simple language and equations, the authors provide
expert, clear insight into every step of the research process—including basic
maths principles—without making assumptions about what you know. With a
particular focus on NetDraw and UCINET, the book introduces relevant software
tools step-by-step in an easy-to-follow way.
Borgatti, Stephen P. (2018) Analyzing Social Networks, SAGE Publications

Ltd, January 8, 2018 Book
55. Buragohain,Pooja(2018) The paper focused on finding out the opportunities

provided by the SNSs to the student as well as the benefits and the challenges
faced by the student community while retrieving information and knowing the
awareness and usage pattern of SNS by the student community of A.A.U, Jorhat.
The paper highlights the important findings concerning the use and impact of
SNS.
Buragohain,Pooja(2018)Use and Impact of Social Networking Sites (SNS)

among the Student Community of Assam Agricultural University (A.A.U),
Jorhat, Assam: A Survey https://ir.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/1944/2272/1/8.pdf
56. De Calheiros and Stauder (2018) conducted a study to understand whether it is

relevant to explore social media as a composite measure while accounting for
gender differences through a survey. The tools were distributed to parents
(N = 72) with a teen between 13 and 16 years of age measuring mental health (i.e.
SDQ, and CIU), and social media behaviour. Findings showed that there is varied
relationship between mental health and various social media activities. However,
there was no significant association between social media activities and mental
health concerning gender differences.
De, Calheiros. Joana and Stauder, E. A. (2018). Exploring social media use as a
composite construct to understand its relation to mental health: A pilot study on
adolescents. Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier. 91, 398-402: 0190-
7409. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.06.039.
57. Ezeji & Ezeji (2018) Findings from the variables investigated showed that social
media usage had a significant impact on the study habits of students of Alvan
Ikoku Federal College of Education, Owerri. The results also indicated the need
for stakeholders in the community to employ counselling and other proactive
measures to ensure that students maintained proper focus on their primary
assignments for schooling.
Ezeji, Perpetua O., &Ezeji, Kelechi E.(2018) “Effect of social media on the
study habits of students of AlvanIkoku Federal College of Education,
Owerri.” International Journal of Educational and Pedagogical Sciences,
12(1), 2018, pp. 220-224.
58. Honhaga,Lalita(2018) In current research comparative study of the use of SNS by

two university library science students is studied. Data have been collected with
the help of a structured questionnaire and after analyzing the data it is found that
users are using SNS for exchanging ideas with friends but some user awareness
program is also required for better utilization of the same.
Honhaga,Lalita(2018)Use of social networking site by library science students: A

comparative study of maharishi dayanand university, rohtak and kurukshetra
university kurukshetra.;3(2):90-93.
59. Mowafy (2018) this study aims to shed light on the social media effects on the
academic performance of university students in Egypt, clarify to different
stakeholders the relationship between social media usage and academic
performance, and harness the full potential of social media. This study examines
the role of social media in students’ academic endeavours and, ultimately, their
academic performance through their reported perceptions and reflections. It also
examines factors that might influence the nature of this relationship and its
tentative impact on the academic performance of Nile University undergraduate
students. An explanatory sequential mixed method approach is employed in order
to get both quantitative and qualitative data. The responses of 442 Nile University
undergraduate students were collected, scored, coded, and inserted into SPSS,
where they were analysed using multiple statistical descriptive and inferential
statistical tests based on the research question and the nature of the data to be
analysed using frequency tables, crosstabs, ANOVAs, post hocs, and t-tests. The
findings of the study explain the perception of Nile University students of the
effects of social media on their academic performance and to what extent they
use social media for academic-related purposes. It also explores the effect of the
different academic majors, academic statures, and genders on the perception and
usage of social media. Significant differences in the behaviour of students from
different academic majors and different academic statuses in perceiving and using
social media emerged, which might require further investigation.
Mowafy, Gina. (2018) “The effects of social media on the academic

performance of Nile university students”. A Thesis Submitted to the
Department of International & Comparative Education.
60. N,Nataraju., Mulla,K R(2018)The purpose of this paper is to study the users of
social media in higher academic institutions and to determine the awareness
about social media among librarians of higher academic institutions. The social
media is a paradigm has led to the development of some of the successful
practices among the librarians and leads to the delivery of information to the end
users. The result shows that, social media are widely used for the development of
institutional reputation and dissemination of information among the users and the
social media applications and sites are gaining importance in the Indian scenario
also.
N,Nataraju (2018)Use and Usage Patterns Of Social Networking Sites Among

Library Professionals In Graduate Colleges Of Bangalore City.Vol.8(1) Jan-
Mar,ISSN: 2231-4911
61. Sunar. S (2018) This research explores the question by conducting a survey on
university students in India in regard to social media usage and their academic
performance. The survey also explored the most popular social network among
Indian students, their view on the usage of social networking sites. Nowadays,
teenagers are more inclined to social networking sites, which are the reason for
poor academic performance.
Sunar. S., V. Vishnu Priya (2018) Effect of social networking site on academic
performance 10(9):1814-1816
62. Xina et al. (2018) The results showed that there were 62 (0.96%) respondents
who were classified as severe Internet addicts. The prevalence rate including mild
and severe IA was 26.5%, significantly higher in boys than in girls (30.59% vs.
21.20%) and with significant differences among school age groups (primary
school 10.84% vs middle school 30.40% vs high school 37.03%).
Xina, M., Xing, J., Pengfeia, W., Hourou, L., Mengcheng, W., & Hong, Z.
“Online activities, prevalence of social networking addiction and risk factors
related to family and school among adolescents in China.”Addictive
Behaviors Reports. 7,2018, pp. 14-18.
63. Abbas et al. (2019) It was found that social media in Pakistan has more negative
impact on students' behavior than its positive impact. Negative effects of social
media on students include lack of critical thinking, wastage of time, hindered
writing skills, breakups, cyberbullying, laziness, depression, anxiety, problematic
communication, health hazards, etc.
Abbas, J., Aman, J., Nurunnabi,M., Bano, S. (2019). "The impact of social
media on learning behavior for sustainable education: evidence of students
from selected universities in pakistan," Sustainability, MDPI, Open access
journal, vol. 11(6).
64. Bernados,Renz Carlyle S. (2019) In this paper, we have presented a framework
to perform a qualitative analysis of social media networking sites using their
social media reviews.
Bernados,Renz Carlyle S., Ty, Joshua. O and Ceniza, Angie. M, (2019) Analysis of
the impact of social networking sites using web content mining and induction
method. Volume 482
https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1757-899X/482/1/012017
65. Balamurugan and Thanuskodi (2019) reported that students faced problems while
using social media sites obtained the following ratings: 18.50 per cent
respondents says electricity, 24.60 per cent respondents says bandwidth, 30.80
per cent respondents says time management, 11.30 per cent respondents says
infrastructure, 7.40 per cent respondents says privacy, 1.80 per cent respondents
says bullying, and 5.50 per cent respondents says physical problems.
Balamurugan, T. and Thanuskodi, S. 2019. Use of social networking sites among the
college students in Tamil Nadu, India. Library philosophy and practice.
66. Kaur and Manhas (2019) revealed that 75.00 per cent of the librarians are aware
of various applications of social media to be used for providing library services.
Whereas 25.00 per cent of librarians are unaware of it.
Kaur, S. and Manhas, R. 2019. Awareness, knowledge, attitude and use of social
media among librarians and in libraries of medical colleges of Punjab: A study,
Indian journal Library Science information technology, 70-73.
67. Malik, Savita (2019) the purpose of this study, students as well as the faculty
members of the universities were approached randomly for the collection of data.
The researcher had developed a well-structured questionnaire for the purpose of
data collection. The present study was also undertaken to study the obstacles in
the use of social networking sites at the university level as well as the students
and faculty members.
Malik, Savita (2019) Use of Social Networking Sites by the Students and Faculty for
Sharing Information in Universities of Haryana A Proposed Model for
Libraries. Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished) Banasthali Vidyapith, Rajsthan, India.
68. Pragasam (2019) in their studies using the SNS were mentioned in which “Lack
of time” got the majority with 48.00 per cent followed by “Internet connectivity”
got 42.00 per cent and ‘Repeated content’ and ‘No problem’ suggested by lowest
number of respondents 4.00 per cent and 6.00 per cent respectively.
Pragasam, A. P. 2019. Social networking tools and its usage among medical
students in Mumbai – A study. University Grants Commission, New Delhi
Recognized Journal No. 41311. 7(1).
69. Sinha and Sinha (2019) social media is an effective and precious method in
gaining candidates attention and in promoting the job competition. Social-media
room is also the right avenue for checking the antecedents of the claimant and
this approach is reasonably cost- effective and very less time-consuming also.
The use of social sites in the recruitment and selection of the workforce is quite
recent. It is still an evolving method that is rife with a variety of possible pitfalls.
The conferencing committee has addressed the fact that the social media used by
organisations (specifically Facebook, Twitter, and LinkedIn) are used
unsatisfactorily, and this can be very harmful to the organisations internal
processes and professional credibility.HR practitioners may be expected to be a
little more optimistic than HR academicians as far as continuing with the use of
social sites in recruitment and selection is concerned. Here, the expert also
highlighted that there are factors which makes it easy to investigate the hidden
truth and very quick in unearthing the relevant but unnoticed information, cost-
effective and also easy to listen and evaluate the information. Finally, the
researcher also addresses what positive and negative experiences have been using
social media as a part of employee procurement.
Sinha, D. and Sinha, S. (2019) “Role of Social Media in Recruitment and

Selection. HEB,3(1), 11-19.
70. Samad, Sarminah (2019) The aim of this research is to investigate the impact of
social networking sites on students’ academic performance. We conduct a
comprehensive review on the usage of social networking sites in academic
environments to identify the influential factors and propose a new model based
on several research hypotheses. To evaluate the hypotheses and verify the
proposed model, a survey is conducted on the female students from a major
research university in Malaysia.
Sarminah Samad, Mehrbakhsh Nilashi & Othman Ibrahim (2019) The impact of
social networking sites on students’ social wellbeing and academic
performance. Education and Information
Technologies volume 24, pages2081–2094
71. Sivakumaren et al. (2019) reported that majority of research scholars are highly
aware of profile and collaboration sites (82.00%) which is placed on first rank
followed by author ID (67.80%) with second rank and citation / reference
management sites (63.20%) with third rank. It is also found that the level of
awareness on book marking sites (51.50%) is found less among the research
scholars with fourth rank.
Sivakumaren, K. S., Jeyapragash, B. and Arputharaj, J. (2019). Awareness,

Perceptions and Purposes of Academic Social Networking Sites (ASNS)
among the research scholars in state universities of Tamil Nadu, India: A
study. Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal). https://digitalcommons.unl.
edu/libphilprac/2587.
72. Au (2020) found that excuses dominating examples of SNS client practices with
regards to social hypothetical and philosophical systems educated by Mannheim,
Simmel, Adorno, Benjamin, Arendt, social presence, activity, and speed increase
speculations to offer a social conceptualization of the age as a bunch of social
relations and cycles for envisioning changing originations of time and speed in a
computerized innovation. This article presents the idea of general and nearby
quality apportioning cycles to express the parade idea of the age and to state that
51 patterns in SNS use and content creation are guaranteed by syntactic rationales
that by and large "straighten" separate conventional ages to frame a
cross-segment and cross-fleeting advanced age. SNS helps for improving virtual
social relations. It is concluded from this review that the depletion in the social
and philosophical systems as a result of excessive usage of SNS has been
ignored.
Au, A. (2020) “Reconceptualizing the generation in a digital (izing)

modernity: digital media, social networking sites, and the flattening of generations.
Journal for the Theory of Social Behavior, 50(2), 163-183.
73. Doddamani (2020) revealed that the majority of postgraduates suggested

“uninterrupted internet connections to be provided was most important with
93.33 MPS followed by “providing printers facility along with computers at
hostel was also important suggestion with 92.22 MPS.
Doddamani, A.S. 2020. Digital technology in academic achievement by the

post graduate students of MPUAT, Udaipur (Rajasthan). M.Sc. thesis,
MPUAT, Udaipur.
74. Duhan, Punita(2020) Advancements in Information and Communication

technologies have led to the emergence of the virtual world and web-based social
media has accorded novel virtual newlines to consumers to interact, socialize, to
learn about new concepts, ideas and new products to make purchase-related
decisions. present study attempted to understand the factors of Social media
platforms, newline which entice individuals to these platforms to aid in their
decision-making process. Study social media on various stages of the consumer
decision-making process. To achieve these objectives, a study was confined to
only five social media typologies social newline Networks, Content
Communities, Micro Blogs, Reviewer Sites and Blogs and newline respondents
were asked to respond in the context of the purchase of Mobile Phones and their
newline accessories
Duhan, Punita(2020) Influence of Social Media on Consumer Decision

Making Process Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished) Banaras Hindu University,
Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India http://hdl.handle.net/10603/358338
75. Hashim, Rabab. A.R(2020) the paper also highlights the negative social effects of
SNS, such as reduced privacy and social skills, increased probability of family
disintegration, conflicts between parents and children, marital dissatisfaction,
jealousy, and encouragement of marital infidelity.
Hashim,Rabab. Abdel. Rahman (2020) Social effects of social networking

sites. Vol. 19, Iss: 4, pp 1-42
76. Mishra (2020) reported that majority of the research scholars (96.77 MPS)
suggested “strengthening the library by employing the professional and technical
staff by the university” was first ranked. Another important suggestion reported
that training programs must be organized for the students about use of e-resources
and create awareness by arranging different programs for the users to educate
them about e- resources which ranked second and third with 95.74 MPS and
94.62 MPS, respectively.
Mishra, S. (2020). Awareness and access to e- resources among the

postgraduate students of agriculture universities of Rajasthan. Ph.D. Thesis
(Unpublished) MPAUT, Udaipur.
77. Malik (2020) in their research aimed to study the influence of social sites Impact
in relation to academic performance, anxiety, and social intelligence of pre
service teachers. In this study 221 pre service teachers were selected by random
sampling techniques sample, tools used in this study were anxiety test tool, social
intelligence scale, academic achievement was measured by total marks scored by
pre service teachers in semester and exams. Major hypotheses of the study were,
there exist relationship between scores on social media scale and Academic
performance of pre-service teachers, there exist no significant relation between
scores on social site scale and academic performance of pre-service teachers.
Data analysis was done by t-test, it has been found that there is no significance
difference between social sites impact and academic performance of pre service
teachers and when anxiety was measured it’s found that respondents were feeling
bored, lazy, fatigued, irritated, and frustrated despite the non-availability of social
site.
Malk, Neha. (2020) “A study on Impact of Social Media in Relation to

Academic performance, Anxiety and Social Intelligence of the learners”.
Thesis, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow.
78. RH (2020) Many Americans have already invested time in social sites. Across all
demographics, people use social networking sites like Facebook, Twitter,
LinkedIn, and YouTube via several different social networking sites to remain
linked to networks and to highlight their professional skills. and age, the changes
in how social media has developed will cause a certain type of person to be
vulnerable for negative online presence. As of today, it has become popular for
work seekers and employers to use social media and video communicating when
searching for job opportunities. Social Networking for job seekers is relevant for
several reasons. However, the main reason is that it encourages job seekers to be
involved in the job market, which enables them to find new opportunities. The
economy is very competitive, and many businesses are searching for the best of
the best to work for them. Only a little bit of social media analysis will reveal
many things about an applicants personality, as well as their character. Hiring
managers do not simply look at specialized sites like Chapter- 2 Literature
Review 44 LinkedIn to find job applicants. After reading the more social media
pages on your next social site, such as Facebook or Twitter, they can also look
through personal accounts.
RH. (2020). Social Media for Job Seekers is more Important than Ever.
79. Rathore, Alka. (2020) This research investigated how and to what degree Social
Networking Sites Usage affect the Academic Performance of the students in
Indore city. To collect data three tools: Social Networking Sites Academic
Performance Relationship Scale, Palsane and Sharma Study Habits Inventory
(PSSHI) and Eysenck Personality Revised-Short-Questionnaire were used.
Descriptive research design was adopted for this study. 400 undergraduate
students of professional courses were selected using Judgemental Sampling
Technique. Analysis of data was done using Independent Samples t-Test and
Pearson Product-Moment Correlation.
Rathore, Alka. (2020) Impact of Social Networking Sites on Academic

Performance of the Students With special reference to universities of Indore”.
Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished) Oriental University Madhya Pradesh, Indore.
80. Sreejesh, S. Paul, (2020) social media platform being used as the promotional
way for interacting with the consumers to better network and socialize. The
interactivity level affects the consumer response towards the advertisement. The
level of interactivity is studied here whether it is on the higher or the lower side.
The media interactivity which promotes ad message and memory by not
impacting the interaction exposure level. In this study interactivity has featured to
have an adverse impact on the advertisement. Further, mentioning that when
there is more elaboration then the limitation exists for the cognitive aspect.
(Reychav & Wu, 2015). The study used the Limited Capacity 42 theory
when there is more of encoding of the main activity, it leads to reduction in the
peripheral activities as more resources has already been utilized. The results
added further that flow (here LOI) advertisement effectiveness further channels
through the experience of flow. Also, studied the brand anthropomorphism would
lead to high interactivity.
Sreejesh, S., Paul, J., Strong, C., & Pius, J.(2020) “Consumer response
towards social media advertising: Effect of media interactivity, its conditions
and the underlying mechanism. International Journal of Information
Management, 54,102-155.
81. Sivakumar. R (2020) The study was conducted to examine the impact of
students’ use of social media on their academic performance. The study revealed
that most of the students had mobile phones with internet facilities and had
knowledge of the existence of social media. As a result, the students who have
spent between 5 - 6 Hours a day on social media sites have more academic
performance than their counterparts. In addition, the study revealed that the
students who have used Spare Moment on social media sites have more academic
performance than their counterparts. It reveals that the students who have used
WhatsApp have better academic performance than their counterparts. It reveals
that the students who have used it for Academic Purposes have more academic
performance than the Non-Academic purpose. The students who have used social
media positively, impact Students' Education. The study further revealed that
most students use social media sites to chat for academic purposes and it helped
to improve their academic performance.
Sivakumar. R (2020) The Effects of social media on the academic

performances of students Vol 8, Issue 2
82. Ting, D.H (2020) empirical studies have shown that interactivity has had a
significant impact on engagement behaviour and loyalty. For having a novelty in
the advertisement to be perceived the focus should be on interactivity and
entertainment. Further the model suggests that the engagement behavior is
influenced by social interactivity which is through cognitive, affective and
participation constructs. The consumer engagement behavior is further enlarged
due to the cognitive and affective measurement, due to scale of measurement and
also the dimensionality. (Hollebeek et al., 2014).The findings were supportive
when consumers are engaged in the Facebook pages that are shared and give
importance to the messages which are satisfying and giving pleasure.
Ting, D.H., Abbasi, A.Z. and Ahmed, S.(2020) “Examining the mediating role
of social interactivity between customer engagement and brand loyalty”, Asia
Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, Vol. 33 No. 5, pp.1139-1158.
83. Choi (2021) reveals that SNS information can reveal the client's musings
and activities. Also, the pattern of the hunt entryway is a delegated administration
that can notice the interests of clients and their changes. In this paper, the
relationship was broken down by looking at measurements of opiate episodes and
the level of openness to opiate-related words in tweets on SNS and in the patterns
of search entries. It was affirmed in their investigation that the pattern of SNS and
search gateway patterns was something similar to the insights of the arraignment
office, with a specific time distinction. Furthermore, they performed a group
investigation to comprehend the importance of tweets where opiate-related words
were referenced. In the 50,000 tweets gathered in January 2020, it was feasible to
discover the importance associated with the offer of real medications.
Accordingly, through SNS observation alone, it is feasible to screen opiate-
related episodes and discover explicit deals or buy-related data, which can be
utilised in the examination interaction. SNS is very useful to various
organisations to understand customer purchase patterns, behaviour, etc. It is
concluded from this review that the negative impact of SNS has not been
considered, which inevitably comes through excess usage.
Choi, E., at all (2021) “A Study on the Comparison and Semantic Analysis
between SNS Big Data, Search Portal Trends and Drug Case Statistics.
Journal of Digital Convergence, 19(2), 231- 238.
84. Green, Ghiselle (2021) This study sought to test a preliminary model of the
impact of using social networking sites (SNS) on young people's mental health in
the context of Covid-19. The model hypothesised that patterns of use that connect
users would be associated with better mental health and patterns that disconnect
users would be associated with poor mental health.
Green, Ghiselle (2021) Exploring a preliminary model of the impact of social

networking sites on young people's mental health during the Covid-19
pandemic. https://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/id/eprint/10134670/
85. Gulati, Anjali (2021) Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have transformed the world
by connecting people more than ever before. The present study seeks to examine
the impact of social media on the overall development of undergraduate students
enrolled in a reputed degree college based on a sample 112 students.
Questionnaire method was used to collect data on the perceived usefulness and
effectiveness of social networking tools among undergraduate science students.
The study has also examined how social networking sites have influenced the
academic and professional development of students. Additionally, the study has
demonstrated the extent of involvement of students in the activities on SNSs and
their purpose behind using SNSs. The researcher found these sites to be helpful
for the students in improving their academic performance, preparing them for
competitive exams, increasing their learning and research capabilities, and
enhancing information technology skills.
Gulati, Anjali (2021) Impact of Social Networking Tools on Undergraduate

Students (Science Stream): An Analytical Study. Sarada Ranganathan
Endowment for Library Science 2583-9314 V 58, (6),
https://www.srels.org/index.php/sjim/article/view/167470
86. Hanafizadeh, Payam (2021). This study aims to identify the consequence of
social media usage on firm performance. To this end, it proposes a conceptual
map that shows promising linkages between the maturity level realization of an
organization in social media usage and its corresponding performance
consequences.
Hanafizadeh, Payam., Shafia, Sepideh., and Bohlin, Erik., (2021) Exploring

the consequence of social media usage on firm performance. 2666-9544,
10.1016/j.digbus.2021.100013
87. Nduka, Stella C. (2021) The study also revealed that social network tools were
highly used by LIPs in the academic libraries studied and the types of social
media used by LIPs was also revealed. The major challenges faced in the use of
social media include inadequate power supply, lack of Internet access and time
constraints. The paper recommended that to enhance the use of social media by
LIPs, there is need for constant awareness of the importance of social media tools
to LIPs and libraries in effective service delivery, LIPs should be ready to learn,
unlearn and be learned in the use of social media and university libraries should
provide enabling environment such as internet connectivity, power supply and
policy to guide LIPs in social media usage.
Nduka, Stella C. (2021) Usage of Social Media Tools by Library and

Information Professionals (LIPs) in selected Academic Libraries in South-
West, Nigeria.Volume 11 Issue 3 ,Pages.7-27, ISSN 2234-0068
88. Serenko. A (2021) This study theorizes on and examines the impact of social
networking sites (SNS) use on health outcomes in adolescents.
Serenko. A, Turel. O & Bohonis. H.(2021) The impact of social networking
sites use on health - related outcomes among UK adolescents.
https://www.mendeley.com/catalogue/2ac03739-070c-380f-9dd9-
13b55a350901/
89. Adenekan and Odusanya (2022) the study has shown that the use of social sites is
part and parcel of students’ lives, irrespective of their level of education and
discipline. The perception of students about the use of social sites is often
different from that of educators. While educators are likely to view social media
as a distraction, students are likely to view them as a multipurpose tool that can
enable them have fun and learn at the same. Students have gotten used to the
informal and spontaneous nature of social media that they are more comfortable
using them even for academic purpose. It is therefore obvious that convincing
students to give up social media is an impossible task. However, the good thing is
that students’ love for social media can be leveraged by innovative educators and
educational policy makers to deliver quality learning materials to students right
where they like to frequent. This way, social media can be changed from a
weapon that destroys academic careers to a tool capable of enhancing
academicperformance,
Adenekan, Tolulope E. and Odusanya, Theresa F. (2022) “Influence of Social

Media use on the perceived academic performance of Federal College of
Forestry Students, Ibadan Oyo state.” Library Philosophy and Practice (e-
Journal), 73-69.
90. Bottaro R &Faraci P(2022) the study aimed to explore what is known from the
latest literature about adolescents' emotional well-being and the role of emotional
regulation skills in preventing problematic SNS use. We used the Arksey and
O'Malley methodological framework, and we based the study selection process
on the PRISMA process. Then, we selected 52 English and peer-reviewed papers
from PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycARTICLES, PsycINFO, Psychology and
Behavioral Sciences Collection, Wiley Online Library, and Web of Science.
Bottaro, R &Faraci P(2022) The Use of Social Networking Sites and Its
Impact on Adolescents’ Emotional Well-Being: a Scoping Review
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40429-022-00445-4
91. Choudhary and Baskaran (2022) This research examines the determinations about
exploiting social sites through means of youngsters and teenagers. It has
remained completed on the way to execute the period consumed on surfing social
sites by youngsters. It emphasises on optimistic & pessimistic impacts of utilising
social media on the existence expectancy of youngsters.
Choudhary. Priyanka., Baskaran, Kamaladevi (2022) The impact of Social

Networking Sites among Modern Youth.pp 1-6 https://typeset.io/papers/the-
impact-of-social-networking-sites-among-modern-youth-ktvo0u83
92. Dhiman, Bharat (2022) This study revealed that most of the respondents had
internet facilities on their mobile phones and were aware of social media sites.
The result shows that they visit social media sites and spend between 30 minutes
to 3 hours every day. The study also revealed that the use of social media had
negatively affected the student's academic performance and further confirmed
that there was a positive relationship between the use of social media and
academic performance.
Dhiman, Bharat (2022)Use and Impact of Social Media on Academic

Performance of Kurukshetra University Students: A Case Study
file:///Users/macbookpro/Downloads/SSRN-id4212827.pdf
93. Kamil, Deedat(2022) The study investigated the types of social networking sites
mostly used by students, the reasons students engage in social networking sites,
the impacts of social networking sites on academic performance, how students
use social networking sites to improve their academics, ascertain the time
students use studying per day and the time spent on social networking sites per
day, and, how student’s economy or finances have been affected by social
networking sites.
Kamil, Deedat(2022) Effects of Social Networking sites on Academic

performance-1https://www.researchgate.net/publication/364331611
94. Krishnaswamy, Deepa (2022)The study tabulates the usage of these web 2.0
applications and their impact on knowledge explosion and social behavior of
student teachers. The population segmentation constructs a structure to evaluate
social tools and e-learning tools prevalent amongst the student-teachers. The
results of empirical evidence illustrations social networking sites (SNS) as a
powerful tool for future-teachers that can be used either for personal or
professional means.
Krishnaswamy, Deepa & Reddy, P Janardhana Kumar (2022)Effect of social

networking sites on the academic performance of student-teachers
Mishra,C. S. (In this paper, the author has intended to describe the possible
implications of social networking technologies in the field of library and information
services in the web 2.0 milieu. In addition, an attempt has been made to illustrate
different social software tools and their effective utilization in the social networking
environment.
Mishra,C. S. Social Networking Technologies (SITs) in Digital Environment:

Its Possible Implications on Libraries.
http://eprints.rclis.org/16844/1/Social%20networking%20in%20Libr
ary.pdf
95. Heidari, Salimi and Mehrvarz (2023) the current study examined the effects of
online social capital and social networking on the formation of graduate students’
professional identities. Structural equation modelling was used to test the
research hypotheses. The sample consisted of 298 graduate students from one
leading public university and three private higher education centres in Iran. The
results showed that online social networks in higher education environments
could affect the construction of students’ professional identities through online
social capital as a mediator.
Heidari, Elham., Salimi, Ghasem. And Mehrvarz, Mahboobe (2023)

The influence of online social networks and online social capital on
construct ng a ne w graduate students’ professional identity;
https://doi.org/10.1080/10494820.2020.1769682
96. Jan, saeed Ullah (2023) The results suggest that perceptions may vary based on
the academic year, with potential changes over time. Additionally, the study
reveals faculty-specific perspectives, indicating that academic disciplines may
influence students' perceptions. Overall, the findings emphasize the complexity
and diversity of these perceptions, highlighting the need for further research and
tailored interventions to address students' specific concerns and challenges in
different contexts.
Jan, saeed. Ullah. (2023). Impact of social media on academic performance of

university females students of Khushal Khan Khattak University, Pakistan,
Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal), 1-37 ISSN-1522-0222
97. Masalimova, Alfiya.R.,and others (2023)This paper analyzed the effects of social
networking sites (SNS) on university students’ academic performance. In this
study, the peer-reviewed articles were taken from the SCOPUS database. The 22
articles meeting the inclusion criteria were involved in the analysis.
Masalimova, Alfiya.R., (2023) Effects of social networking sites on university

students’ academic performance: A systematic review Technologies Online
ISSN: 1986-3497
98. Mangden and Diyoshak (2023) this study examines the effect of social media on
library and information science students’ academic performance, university of
Jos. The study therefore concluded that acquiring information both locally and
internationally is no longer a struggle as compared to the olden days. Most
students used social media to collaborate with one another on assignments and
lecture notes which further enhanced their ability to use social networking sites
for improved academic performance.
Mangden, Joyce. Siman and Diyoshak, Rhoda Danladi (2023) "Effects

of Social Media on Students’ Academic Performance in Nigerian Universities:
A Case Study of University of Jos” Library Philosophy and Practice (e-
Journal), 1-25 https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac
99. Patrick, Judith Oghale (2023) The study examined the influence of social media
platforms on library skill acquisition and academic performance of Library
and Information Science students in public universities in South-South,
Nigeria. Three research questions were answered while three hypotheses were
tested at 0.05 level of probability. The study adopted descriptive survey research
design using purposive and multistage sampling technique to sample 409
respondents, comprising 61 lecturers and 348 final year students of Library and
Information Science.
Patrick, Judith Oghale (2023) Influence of Social Media Platforms on Library

Skill Acquisition and Academic Performance. Vol. 54, No. 1,
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371443692.
100.Thapa.P (2023) In this study, an analytical cross-sectional analysis was conducted

on 229 students in Grades 8, 9, and 10 at a boarding school in Kathmandu, using
probability-based stratified sampling techniques with two boarding schools as
strata. The research tool was a self-administered questionnaire with four sections
addressing SMU, AP, and WB, as well as well-structured tools utilized by
researchers.
Thapa.P (2023) Impact of Social Media Use on Academic Performance and

Well-Being among the Secondary Level Students in Selected Schools in
Nepal,Vol. 26, Iss: 2, pp 1-17
101.Gulati, Anjali (2021) Social Networking Sites (SNSs) have transformed the
world by connecting people more than ever before. The present study seeks
to examine the impact of social media on the overall development of
undergraduate students enrolled in a reputed degree college based on a
sample 112 students. Questionnaire method was used to collect data on the
perceived usefulness and effectiveness of social networking tools among
undergraduate science students. The study has also examined how social
networking sites have influenced the academic and professional
development of students. Additionally, the study has demonstrated the
extent of involvement of students in the activities on SNSs and their
purpose behind using SNSs. The researcher found these sites to be helpful
for the students in improving their academic performance, preparing them
for competitive exams, increasing their learning and research capabilities,
and enhancing information technology skills.
Gulati, Anjali (2021) Impact of Social Networking Tools on Undergraduate Students (Science Stream):
An Analytical Study. Sarada Ranganathan Endowment for Library Science 2583-9314 V
58, ( 6), https://www.srels.org/index.php/sjim/article/view/167470
102.Patrick, Judith Oghale (2023) The study examined the influence of social media
platforms on library skill acquisition and academic performance of Library
and Information Science students in public universities in South-South,
Nigeria. Three research questions were answered while three hypotheses were
tested at 0.05 level of probability. The study adopted descriptive survey research
design using purposive and multistage sampling technique to sample 409
respondents, comprising 61 lecturers and 348 final year students of Library and
Information Science.
Patrick, Judith Oghale (2023) Influence of Social Media Platforms on Library Skill
Acquisition and Academic Performance.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371443692. Vol. 54, No. 1,
103.Duhan, Punita(2020) newline Since long, dynamism and subtlety of consumer

behavior has lured marketers and newline scholars to unravel the underlying
complexities and to determine influences impacting newline consumer decision-
making process. Emphasis has been on to understand various newline cognitive
and physical activities undertaken by consumer before, during and after the
newline purchase and to fathom interplay of external influences within an internal
frame of newlinereference. Advancements in Information and Communication
technologies have led to newlinethe emergence of virtual world and web based
social media has accorded novel virtual newlineways to consumers to interact, to
socialize, to learn about new concepts, ideas and newlineproducts in order to
make purchase related decisions. Era of social web has altered newlineconsumer
decision journey by providing new influencers to consumers viz. online brand
newlineadvocacy and discussions in brand communities. Compressed purchase
cycle, altered newlinepurchase funnel, lessening importance of advertising, more
credibility being accorded to newlineinformation available on social media,
newer sources of information, inter-consumer newlineinteraction, newer
influencers in the shape of blogs, consumer reviews and discussion
newlinethreads in online communities etc. have made the consumer decision-
making process newlinemore complex. On one hand, consumer surveys exhibited
a very promising role of social newlinemedia in consumer decision journey,
while on the other hand, reports also suggest that newlinerole and assistance of
social media in online buying and selling related activities has newlinebeen
sluggish. This has necessitated for marketers to gather knowledge about these
newline additional dimensions affecting consumer behavior. Researchers have
been trying to newline understand the influence of these computer mediated
platforms i.e., social media on newline consumer decision-making. Accordingly,
seeing academic void in social media domain newline in India, present study
attempted to understand the factors of Social media platforms, newline which
entice individuals to these platforms to aid in their decision-making process.
Study social media on various stages of consumer decision-making process. To
achieve these newline objectives, study was confined to only select five social
media typologies social newline Networks, Content Communities, Micro Blogs,
Reviewer Sites and Blogs and newline respondents were asked to respond in
context of the purchase of Mobile Phones and its newline accessories
Duhan, Punita(2020) Influence of Social Media on Consumer Decision Making
Process Ph.D. Thesis (Unpublished) Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar
Pradesh, India http://hdl.handle.net/10603/358338
104.Mammadova, Masuma H. (2017) The paper explores the principal impact of

social media on the way disabled people integrate into modern society. It also
studies the needs and purposes of disabled people that can be met through social
media. Social media technologies, devices and applications with additional
functionalities designed especially for disabled people are analyzed. Possible
problems that impaired people face while using social media are shown and their
appropriate solution ways are given.
Mammadova, Masuma H. (2017) Impact of Social Media on thhe Integration of

Disabled People to Modern Society, Problems of information society, 2017, No 2, 47–
55 www.jpis.az
105.Asim, Muhammad (2021) This study showed that social media positively
influences the academic learning achievement of UOS Bhakkar campus
students. However, it was concluded that the significant value sig= (.000) was
less than .05, which was an actual measure for accepting or rejecting the
hypothesis, so the null hypothesis was
rejected,andthemainhypothesiswasaccepted. There is a major significant
achievement. The study will support the government and universities regarding
making facilities available, such as the Internet, etc. It will also draw students'
courtesy to the need for responsible use of social media in their academic
work.
Asim, Muhammad (2021)Effect of social media on Academic Learning

Achievement of the University Students: A case study of UOS Bhakkar Campus
Students, Journal of Management Practices, Humanities and Social Sciences Vol 5
Issue 1 pp. 7-11. https://doi.org/10.33152/jmphss-5.1.2
106.Christian (2022) This paper focuses on the sub-theme, “Data and Cybersecurity.”
Social Network Service allows virtual connection between people with similar
interests across the globe. However, the enormous benefits associated with social
networking and digital lifestyle in the 21st century are not without implications.
Social networking platforms have garnered global attention creating a major trend
and an unsolicited volume of personal data on the web.
Christian(2022) 2nd Annual National Conference of the Academic Staff Union of

Polytechnics (ASUP) Held on 27th – 30th September, 2022 At: The Federal
Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State – Nigeria
107.Cross,Robert L.(2008) Driving Results Through Social Networks shows
executives and managers how to obtain substantial performance and innovation
impact by better leveraging these traditionally invisible assets. For the past
decade, Rob Cross and Robert J. Thomas have worked closely with executives
from over a hundred top-level companies and government agencies. In this
groundbreaking book, they describe in-depth how these leaders are using network
thinking to increase revenues, lower costs, and accelerate innovation.
Cross,Robert L.(2008) Driving Results Through Social Networks, Jossey-Bass,

December 23, 2008. 276p.
Conclusion:
The overall review of the research articles highlights clearly that equal number of
points supporting and opposing use of social network sites to pg. student and scholar
community for various reasons. There is indecisive conclusion have been noticed
leading to research to locate the issue according to the cultural setting and
synchronize the study accordingly. The information also highlights development in
the adoption, usage and perception of social network sites among the student
community for number of purposes from connecting to friends to that of constructing
society and its elements. Hence, investing on social network review enables in crating
productive and net connecting society for the upcoming generations of civilization
and cultural dynamism.

Review of Chapter3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Review of Chapter3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CHAPTER

A literature review is a critical evaluation and analysis of existing literature,

The importance of conducting a review of related literature can be summarized as

1. Establishing Context: A review of related literature helps to establish a solid

2. Identifying Research Questions: Through a thorough review of related literature,

5. Finding Methodological Guidance: Examining the methodology and approaches

6. Recognizing Trends and Debates: A review of related literature helps you to

7. Enhancing Critical Thinking: Engaging with existing literature forces you to

In summary, the review of related literature is essential for establishing a solid

Wysocki, Mark. (2012). The Role of social media in Sports Communication:

Chena, Rui, and Sushil K. Sharma. "Understanding Member Use of Social

Currás-Pérez, Rafael, Ruiz-Mafé, Carla and Sanz-Blas, Silvia(2013)"Social

6. Davis( 2013) A study conducted in the United States on college women’s

Elaheebocus, R.M.S (2013) Impact of online social networking on Youth:

Ededegbe, N. (2013). The Effect of social networking sites on students’

Rithika, M. and Sara Selvaraj (2013) Impact of social media on student’s

Veletsianos, George, and Royce Kimmons(2013) "Scholars and faculty

Viejo, Alexandre, Jordi Castellà-Roca, and Guillem Rufián.(2013) "Preserving

Alzahrani, Sultan and Christian Bach (2014) Impact of Social Media on

18. Kadam V. Sachin(2014) The goal of this study is to investigate Importance of

Kadam V. Sachin(2014) Impact of use of Social Networking Sites on

Miyagamwala, Gulshan (2014) Impact of Social Networking Sites (SNS) on

Reshma (2014) Impact of Social Networking Sites on Youth: A Case Study of

Strickland, Amelia C. (2014) Exploring the Effects of Social Media use on

Shabir, Ghulam., Yousef Mahmood Yousef Hameed., Ghulam Safdar and

Wetzstein, Irmgard., Verena Grubmuller-Regent., Katharina Gotsch and Karin

Ansari, Aslam((2015) Use of Social Networking Sites in Library and

Asmi, Nowsheeba Ashraf, and Margam Madhusudhan (2015)"Academic social

Chowdhury, Indrajit Roy and Biswajeet Saha (2015) Impact of Facebook as a

Chowdhury, Indrajit Roy and Biswajeet Saha (2015) Impact of Facebook as a

Grahama, Cat., Chris Thompsona., Michiko Wolcottb., Joseph Pollackc and

Kenchakkanavar,Anand Y. (2015)The importance of social nnetworking sites for

Kabbur, Mahabaleshwar. S. and Savitri K (2015) The Impact of Mobile and

Subramani, R (2015), The Academic Usage of Social Networking Sites by the

Dhanya Pramod, Vijayakumar Bharathi (2016), “Social Media Impact on the

42. Heinze,Aleksej(2016) Digital and Social Media Marketing: A Results-Driven

43. Montaghem,Sanaz(2016)The present investigation was carried out in Karnataka

Montaghem,Sanaz(2016) Impact of social networking sites among Iranian students in

Padmapriya, A (2016) Impact of Using Social Networking Sites In Tirupur

Lavanya, R. (2017) “A study on the impact of social networking sites on

51. Prabhakar,S.V.R.(2017) This paper is mainly focused on the latest development

Prabhakar,S.V.R.(2017) Influence of Social Networking Sites on Library and

Sharma, Suraj., &Godiyal, Sunita. “A study on the social networking sites

Borgatti, Stephen P. (2018) Analyzing Social Networks, SAGE Publications

55. Buragohain,Pooja(2018) The paper focused on finding out the opportunities

Buragohain,Pooja(2018)Use and Impact of Social Networking Sites (SNS)

56. De Calheiros and Stauder (2018) conducted a study to understand whether it is

58. Honhaga,Lalita(2018) In current research comparative study of the use of SNS by

Honhaga,Lalita(2018)Use of social networking site by library science students: A

Mowafy, Gina. (2018) “The effects of social media on the academic

N,Nataraju (2018)Use and Usage Patterns Of Social Networking Sites Among

Sinha, D. and Sinha, S. (2019) “Role of Social Media in Recruitment and

Sivakumaren, K. S., Jeyapragash, B. and Arputharaj, J. (2019). Awareness,

Au, A. (2020) “Reconceptualizing the generation in a digital (izing)

73. Doddamani (2020) revealed that the majority of postgraduates suggested

Doddamani, A.S. 2020. Digital technology in academic achievement by the

74. Duhan, Punita(2020) Advancements in Information and Communication

Duhan, Punita(2020) Influence of Social Media on Consumer Decision

Hashim,Rabab. Abdel. Rahman (2020) Social effects of social networking

Mishra, S. (2020). Awareness and access to e- resources among the

Malk, Neha. (2020) “A study on Impact of Social Media in Relation to

Rathore, Alka. (2020) Impact of Social Networking Sites on Academic

Sivakumar. R (2020) The Effects of social media on the academic

Mangden, Joyce. Siman and Diyoshak, Rhoda Danladi (2023) "Effects