PAINTS

What is Paint?

Paint is a liquid surface coating or covering material applied on metallic or non-metallic surfaces for
various functions.

Purpose of Paint:

To protect the coated surface against possible stresses, mechanical or chemical.

To decorate a structure by providing a smooth colorful finish.
To protect surfaces from insects, rain, solar radiation, and other external factors.
Increasing surface durability.
Components of Paint:

Pigment: Provides color, hiding, and control gloss. Divided into prime pigments (e.g., Titanium
Dioxide) and extender pigments (e.g., Calcite).

Resin: The binder that holds the pigment particles together and provides adhesion to the surface
painted. Commonly acrylic emulsion polymers.

Solvent: Acts as a carrier for pigments and resin, making the mixture thinner and spread evenly.
Water and organic chemicals from petroleum are commonly used solvents.

Additives: Enhance properties such as ease of brushing, mold resistance, scuff resistance, drying,
and sag resistance.
Types of Paint Used in Construction:

Oil Paint: Applied in primer, undercoat, and finish coats, characterized by durability and ease of
application.

Enamel Paint: Forms hard and glossy coatings, suitable for both interior and exterior surfaces.

Common Uses: Interior and exterior walls, wood trims, doors, flooring, windows, stairs, surfaces like
wicker, masonry, concrete, plaster, glass, and metals.

Emulsion Paint: Uses polyvinyl acetate and polystyrene as binding materials, commonly used for
interior walls, ceilings, and masonry work.

Bituminous Paint: Made from dissolved asphalt or tar, waterproof and alkali-resistant, commonly
used in underwater ironworks, concrete foundations, wooden surfaces, and iron pipes.

Plastic Paint: Uses water as a thinner, available in various colors, dries quickly, and offers high
coverage.
Common applications: Walls and ceilings of auditoriums, showrooms, display rooms, slabs, and
decks.

Other Types of Paints:

Cellulose Paint
Silicate Paint
Casein Paint
Application of Paint:

Interior:
Designed for covering interior walls, containing silicone and epoxy resin for stain resistance and ease
of cleaning.
Low levels of volatile organic compounds make them safer for indoor use.

Exterior:
Meant for outdoor applications, with additives to make them waterproof and resistant to sunlight
exposure.
Resistant to mold, mildew, fading, cracking, and chipping due to the presence of specific chemicals.

Industrial:
Offers application-specific coverage for protecting metal, wood, and other materials in industrial
settings.

Walls:
Various types available, such as acrylic, emulsion, enamel, metallic, textured, and oil paint, to add
color, pattern, and texture to walls.

Metals:
Specific paints prevent rusting and maintain color on metal surfaces.
Alkyd resin-based synthetic enamels and emulsions are suitable, providing a smooth finish and
corrosion protection.

Types of Interior Wall Finishes:

Matte Finish:
Most popular, offers ease of application without overwhelming sheen.
Provides an opaque, solid color with regular retouching required.

Satin Finish:
Highly durable, offers protection against dirt, moisture, and stains.
Suitable for bathrooms, furniture, and kitchens but prone to showing imperfections due to its shiny
appearance.

Flat Finish:
Ideal for ceilings or walls with imperfections.
Economical and effectively covers larger areas but not easily washable and subject to staining.