Technical Drawing

School Based
Assessment

Name of Candidate: Everton Smith

Candidate Number:
Name of School: Manchester High School
Name of Teacher: Mr. Scott
Territory: Jamaica
School code: 100067
Year: 2022

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 Table of Content

Title Pages
Types of lines……………………………………………………………………….……..3
Types of Symbols…………………………………………………………………….……4
Drawing Codes……………………………………………………………………….……5
Drawing Conventions………………………………………………………………….…..6
Systems of Representations……………………………………………………………….10
Business Plan……………………………………………………………………………...14
Justification………………………………………………………………………………..15

Jig Design
Orthographic Design
Orthographic Design (Sectional)
Parts Sheet
Swivel Bracket
Parabola

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Fundamentals of Technical Drawing
Types of lines

A type- Continuous Thick

B type- Continuous Thin
C type- Continuous Freehand
D type- Continuous Thin Zig-Zag
E type- Dashes THICK
F type- Dashes THIN
G type- Chain Thin
H type- Chain THIN and THICK
J type- Chain THICK
K type- Chain THIN Double Dashed

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Types of symbols

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Drawing Codes

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Drawing Conventions
Letters and Numbers
All drawings require some form of lettering and numbers. The principles to remember are:
They should be legible and clear- especially numbers, as they often have to be read on their
own.
They should be of a suitable size and not less than 3mm tall. Title blocks and relative
information are usually larger.
They should be correctly spaced and positioned. Notes and captions should be placed so that
they can be read in the same direction as in the title block. In other worlds it should not be
necessary to turn a drawing on its side to read the information.
Notes should be grouped together and not spread over the drawing.
Underlining is not recommended.

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Borders and Title Blocks
One of the most important features of any drawing is the border and title block. The border
(or margin) is a line which follows the other edge of the drawing and is usually 10 or 20mm
inside it. This margin is very important because everything inside it forms part of any
contract.
Project Title
The subject
The date of the original drawing
Dates of any revisions
Job number
Drawing number
Scale
The name of the person who drew up the drawing
Name of architects, consultant engineers or surveyors

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Scales
A scale can be used to increase the detail of a small object or to accurately represent a large
object on smaller surface. The majority of scaled work done in the construction industry is to
reduce objects to a smaller more suitable size.

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Graphical Symbols and Abbreviations
In order to read a drawing properly, and to understand what is happening, an agreed set of
graphical symbols and abbreviations are used.

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Systems of Representation

Orthographic Projection
Orthographic projection is a way of drawing three dimensional objects from different
directions. Usually a front, side or plan view are drawn so that a person looking at the
drawing can see all the important sides. Orthographic projection shows the views of an object
in three different positions, namely:
Plan View
Front View
Side View

The plan view is an outline of the object when viewed from above. The elevation view is
what is seen when looking from the front. The end view shows the view from one of the ends.
Orthographic projection is generally not used in the construction industry. It is more
commonly found in the engineering sector where precise measurement is essential .

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Types of Orthographic Drawings
First angle projection and third angle projection are the two main types of orthographic
projection, also referred to as “working drawings”. The difference between first and third
angle projection is in the position of the plan, front and side view.

First Angle Projection

First angle projection is one of the methods used for orthographic projection
drawings and is approved internationally except the United States. In this projection method,
the object is placed in the first quadrant and is positioned in front of the vertical plane and
above the horizontal plane.

Third Angle Projection

Third angle projection is one of the methods of orthographic projection used in technical
drawing and normally comprises the three views (perspectives): front, top and side. ... When
using third angle projection to compile a diagram of the three views, we first draw the most
prevalent side of the object as the front view.

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Isometric Projection
Isometric projection is a method for visually representing three-dimensional objects in
two dimensions in technical and engineering drawings. It is an axonometric projection in
which the three coordinate axes appear equally foreshortened and the angle between any two
of them is 120 degrees. In isometric projection all horizontal lines are drawn at 30^ degrees to
the horizontal plane, while vertical lines are drawn vertically.

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Sectional Drawing
Sectional drawings are multi-view technical drawings that contain special views of a part
or parts, which reveal interior features. Sectioning uses a technique that is based on
passing an imaginary cutting plane through a part. In the figure, views a are Standard multi-
view projections.

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 Business Plan
Figure 1 shows the design for a flange, made from 5 cm thick steel plate, the be used on the
exhaust manifold on an engine. Two 13 mm holes are to be drilled in the positions marked A
and B on the drawing. The manufacturer requires one thousands of these flanges within a
week. Design a jig or fixture for holding the flange so that the 13 mm holes can be drilled
without having to find the centres.

Justification
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My design is made up of six main parts:
Base and stand- The base levels the bottom of my jig as to prevent it from moving during
usage. The base comes with pre-drilled holes as to allow it to be completely stationery when
needed. The stand is made onto the base and aids the multi-moving screw in both motion and
making the jig stationery. The rails at the bottom of the base allows the rest of the jig to move
with the aid of the multi-moving screw and the feet at the bottom of the tray.
Tray- The tray holds the undrilled gasket in place.
Rake- The rake is a movable part of the jig which moves in and out of the tray to both tighten
and loosen its grip on the item which it is holding, before and after drilling.
Lock and Hold- The lock and hold both holds the tray in place and attaches it to the jig.
Multi-moving screw- The multi-moving screw allows for motion over the jig allowing it to
travel along a rail that is built into the base. Making it possible for the drill to make multiple
indents into a single item, while the jig is stationery.
Bushing- used to guide the drill bit of the drill directly to the desired point on the tray.

I designed my jig to meet industrial standard and manufacturer`s specifications. My jig

allows for both stationery and removable applications. Stationery when held with both bolts
and nuts which are applicable by preferences. Meeting all safety credentials, my jigs moving
parts are very resistant and are made in such a way that replacement parts are less needed. My
jig, also possesses a multi-moving screw which makes it even more cost effective, as with the
multi-moving screw it can drill into more gaskets increasing productivity. Although my jig
may look complicated the possess of learning how it works is very beneficial as many of the
parts on it require very little physical labour and rely more on mechanical force.

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