Gr.

12 Reproductive strategies – Topic Test 2023

Marking guideline

SECTION A
QUESTION 1.1:
1.1.1 A 

1.1.2 B 

1.1.3 C 

(3x2) = (6)
QUESTION 1.2:
1.2.1 Ovipary 
1.2.2 Precocial development 
1.2.3 Amniotic (egg) 
1.2.4 Internal (fertilization) 
(4)
[10]
SECTION B
QUESTION 2:
2.1 (a) G- Allantois 
(b) E  - Shell  (4)
2.2 (a) Embryo 
(b) Amnion 
(c) Chorion 
(d) Shell 
(e) Albumen  (5)

3.3 The embryo is directly connected to the mother as it receives nutrients through the placenta
which consists of embryonic and maternal tissues. (2)
(11)
QUESTION 3
3.1 External fertilisation (1)
3.2 - Their embryos develop inside eggs that are
- outside the body of the female (2)
3.3 - The males release semen all around the female 
- A large number of gametes/ ova are produced  (2)
3.4 Graph X (1)
3.5 They will have a higher number of surviving embryos /eggs/ offspring
- Because their fertilised eggs are attached to the vegetation 
- where they are protected from predators /washing away (3)
(9)
[20]

GRAND TOTAL: 30