PDF Test Bank For Complete A Guide To It Hardware and Software Aa Comptia A Core 1 220 1001 Comptia A Core 2 220 1002 Textbook 8Th Edition Cheryl A Schmidt 13 Online Ebook Full Chapter

Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT
Hardware and Software: AA CompTIA

A+ Core 1 (220-1001) & CompTIA A+
Core 2 (220-1002) Textbook, 8th Edition,
Cheryl A. Schmidt
Visit to download the full and correct content document: https://testbankbell.com/dow
nload/test-bank-for-complete-a-guide-to-it-hardware-and-software-aa-comptia-a-core-
1-220-1001-comptia-a-core-2-220-1002-textbook-8th-edition-cheryl-a-schmidt-13/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...
Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and

Software: AA CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1001) & CompTIA A+
Core 2 (220-1002) Textbook 8th Edition Cheryl A.
Schmidt
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-complete-a-guide-
to-it-hardware-and-software-aa-comptia-a-core-1-220-1001-comptia-
a-core-2-220-1002-textbook-8th-edition-cheryl-a-schmidt/
Complete CompTIA A+ Guide to PCs 6th Edition Schmidt

Test Bank
http://testbankbell.com/product/complete-comptia-a-guide-to-
pcs-6th-edition-schmidt-test-bank/
Test Bank For A+ Guide to IT Technical Support

(Hardware and Software) 9th Edition
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-a-guide-to-it-
technical-support-hardware-and-software-9th-edition/
Test Bank for CompTIA A+ Guide to IT Technical Support,

10th Edition, Jean Andrews, Joy Dark, Jill West
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-comptia-a-guide-to-
it-technical-support-10th-edition-jean-andrews-joy-dark-jill-
west-2/
Solution Manual for CompTIA A+ Guide to IT Technical
Support, 10th Edition, Jean Andrews, Joy Dark Jill West
http://testbankbell.com/product/solution-manual-for-comptia-a-
guide-to-it-technical-support-10th-edition-jean-andrews-joy-dark-
jill-west/
Test Bank for Microbiology A Clinical Approach, 2nd

Edition (Chapters 1-26): Strelkauskas
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-microbiology-a-
clinical-approach-2nd-edition-chapters-1-26-strelkauskas/
Test Bank for CompTIA Security+ Guide to Network

Security Fundamentals – Standalone6th Edition
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-comptia-security-
guide-to-network-security-fundamentals-standalone-book-6th-
edition/
Test Bank for West’s CompTIA Cloud+ Guide to Cloud

Computing, 1st Edition, Jill West
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-wests-comptia-
cloud-guide-to-cloud-computing-1st-edition-jill-west/
Test Bank for CompTIA Security+ Guide to Network

Security Fundamentals, 7th Edition Mark Ciampa
http://testbankbell.com/product/test-bank-for-comptia-security-
guide-to-network-security-fundamentals-7th-edition-mark-ciampa/
Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software: AA CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1001)
Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and

Software: AA CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1001) &
CompTIA A+ Core 2 (220-1002) Textbook, 8th Edition,
Cheryl A. Schmidt
To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

https://testbankbell.com/download/test-bank-for-complete-a-guide-to-it-hardware-and-
software-aa-comptia-a-core-1-220-1001-comptia-a-core-2-220-1002-textbook-8th-edit
ion-cheryl-a-schmidt-13/
Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and
Software ISBN 9780135815106
Copyright © 2020 by Pearson Education, Inc.

All rights reserved.
Page 1 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

PageA+
1 Guide to IT Hardware and Software ISBN
9780135815106 Copyright © 2020 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Chapter 7 Storage Devices
7.1 True/False Questions
1) A GPT partition is required to install Windows 8 or 10.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
2) Windows 8 Professional supports RAID 1.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
3) The HPA commonly holds a copy of the BIOS.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
4) A hybrid drive is a combination of hard drive and optical drive.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
5) An SSD drive generally has equal storage capacity of a mechanical drive for a comparable cost.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
6) A GPT is used on 64-bit Windows operating systems.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
7) GPT partitioning is done through the Device Manager tool.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
8) RAID 10 creates a second striped set of disks that is a mirror of another striped set.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
9) Concentric circles on the surface of the hard drive are commonly called platters.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
10) One purpose of the read/write head is to write 1s and 0s to the disk surface.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
11) The most common file system used with Windows is NTFS.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2

PageA+
12) NTFS has a maximum of 4GB per hard drive volume.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
13) The Windows boot partition is the partition that must contain the majority of the operating system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
14) One hard disk metal plate is called a cylinder.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
15) The read/write heads are the part of the hard drive that actually transmit or receive the 1s and 0s to or
from the hard drive.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
16) The motor is a part of the hard drive that holds the read/write heads.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
17) A spanned volume requires a minimum of three hard drives.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
18) A striped volume requires a minimum of two hard drives.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
19) A slice is the smallest division on a hard drive surface. Tracks are divided into these.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
20) A SATA hard drive is common in today’s computers and cheaper than SAS hard drives.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
21) The ATA standard is associated with the SCSI interface.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
22) A RAW volume is a volume that has never been partitioned, but it has been formatted.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
23) Disk cache or virtual memory speeds up hard drive data access.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2

PageA+
24) Hardware RAID is accomplished by using the Windows Disk Management tool.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
25) The SCANDISK or CHKDSK program detects and repairs lost clusters.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
26) Windows Storage Spaces can be used to create one virtual disk that is assigned a drive letter
from multiple drives that can be different types and different capacities.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
27) SATA supports internal and external devices.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
28) A high-pitched whining sound is a common sound for a hard drive.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
29) Hard drives receive one or more drive letters from the operating system, and they normally start with
the drive letter A.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
30) PATA drives are set up using master/slave/cable select jumpers.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
31) The DBR contains the system files.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
32) A hard drive that contains system files and is used to load software when the computer is turned on is
known as a bootable disk.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
33) If a RAID stops working, use the Disk Management tool to check the status of the drives.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 3
34) Windows 8 supports the use of the FAT16 or NTFS file system.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2

PageA+
35) A number assigned to a SATA device is known as a SATA ID and that determines each drive’s priority
that is attached to the same cable.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
36) An SSD normally requires a special driver in Windows Vista, 7, 8, or 10.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
37) An external hard drive supports both eSATA and USB. The laptop has both connectors. The drive
will run faster if you connect both cables simultaneously.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
38) Older IDE standards are serial architectures.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
39) When a drive is taking a long time to respond such as when attempting to view files in Windows
Explorer/File Explorer and a spinning pinwheel appears, use Device Manager to check the status of the
hard drive.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 4
40) An eSATA motherboard port can provide power to an external device, but an eSATA port on an
adapter cannot.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
41) When two PATA devices connect to the same IDE cable, only one device transmits at a time.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
42) SATA hard drives are normally the fastest type of storage device.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
43) When only one SATA device connects to a cable, configure that device as master and attach the device to
the center cable connector for optimum performance.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
44) Two SATA devices can connect to a cable that has two device connectors and a motherboard connector.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
45) An eSATA drive does not require setting or removing a termination jumper.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
PageA+
46) An SSD can attach to a SATA port.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
47) A newly installed hard drive can be partitioned as part of the operating system installation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2
48) FAT32 supports disk compression.

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 2
49) One of the most effective ways of increasing computer performance is to increase the size of virtual
memory.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 3
50) One of the most effective ways of increasing computer performance is to add more RAM.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
51) It is common to use hard drive space as RAM.

Answer: TRUE
Diff: 2

PageA+
7.2 Multiple Choice Questions
1) If a Windows system starts reporting the hard drive has a defective area or read/write failures occur, you
should
A) Flash the BIOS.
B) Back up the data and plan on replacing the drive soon.
C) Use BIOS/UEFI to check the drive is still being recognized.
D) Use Device Manager to verify the drive status.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
2) The amount of data a disk is capable of storing is called

A) Capacity
B) Density
C) Matrix
D) Volume
Answer: A
Diff: 1
3) What technology can provide errors for PATA, SATA, and SSD storage devices?
A) Registry
B) Task Manager
C) S.M.A.R.T.
D) TPM
Answer: C
Diff: 3
4) What type of RAID is a striped set of disks that mirror another set of striped disks?
A) 0
B) 1
C) 01
D) 10
E) 5
Answer: C
Diff: 2
5) How many read and write heads does a mechanical hard drive have?
A) 2
B) 4
C) 6
D) Depends on drive model
Answer: D
Diff: 3

PageA+
6) The read and write heads of an SSD
A) Touch the surface of the disk while reading and writing data, which is why the heads get dirty
B) Float a few millimeters above the surface of the disk
C) Spin around a stationary disk
D) Are nonexistent
Answer: D
Diff: 3
7) When a disk has been prepared to store data, it has been

A) Formatted
B) Cleaned
C) Enabled
D) Tracked
Answer: A
Diff: 2
8) Which type of storage device would be best to buy within a device for a four-year-old?
A) Floppy disk
B) Internal SATA hard drive
C) External SATA hard drive
D) SSD
E) Internal PATA hard drive
Answer: D
Diff: 2
9) What type of storage device is the most reliable?

A) SSD
B) PATA
C) SATA
D) eSATA
E) SCSI
F) SAS
Answer: A
Diff: 2
10) Where would you go to enable a SATA port?

A) CMOS
B) BIOS
C) Disk Management tool
D) Task Manager
Answer: B
Diff: 2

PageA+
11) Which of the following would most likely participate in a RAID?
A) Track
B) Optical drive
C) SSD
D) HDD
Answer: D
Diff: 2
12) Which RAID level does NOT provide reliability?

A) 5
B) 1
C) 10
D) 01
E) All these RAID levels provide reliability.
Answer: E
Diff: 3
13) A computer needs to have a power supply replaced. The computer has one PATA optical drive, two
SATA hard drives, an external SATA hard drive, and an external USB hard drive. How many unique
power connection types are needed from the power supply for all this storage?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
F) 6
Answer: B
Diff: 4
14) The smallest division on a hard disk is a .

A) Track
B) Sector
C) Cylinder
D) Cluster
Answer: B
Diff: 2
15) While upgrading Windows 7 to 10, you see a partition on the hard drive that does not have a drive
letter and cannot be accessed from within the Disk Management tool. What should you do?
A) Right-click the partition and select Initialize.
B) Right-click the partition and select Check Now.
C) Right-click the partition and select Import Foreign Disk.
D) Nothing. This is the HPA.
Answer: D
Diff: 3

PageA+
16) What Windows tool is used to remove temporary files?
A) Disk Cleanup
B) Disk Wipe
C) Temp Cleanup
D) Drive Maintenance
Answer: A
Diff: 3
17) Where would a technician use the bootrec command?

A) Within System Recovery environment
B) Within the Registry Editor
C) Within Task Manager
D) From a command prompt of a working operating system
Answer: A
Diff: 3
18) A hard drive platter typically has surfaces and read/write heads.
A) 2, 2
B) 1, 1
C) 2, 4
D) 1, 2
Answer: A
Diff: 3
19) In a hard drive, a contains multiple .

A) Sector; clusters
B) Concentric circle; tracks
C) Head; cylinders
D) Cylinder; tracks
Answer: D
Diff: 2
20) Which of the following is NOT a common type of storage device?

A) ST506
B) SATA IDE
C) SSD
D) SAS
Answer: A
Diff: 2
21) What is the difference between PATA and SATA?

A) SATA is slower.
B) PATA transfers one bit at a time.
C) One SATA connection allows for only one device to be attached.
D) PATA is the newer technology.
Answer: C
Diff: 2

Page 10A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software ISBN
22) When would a technician most likely recommend using file recovery software?
A) When a S.M.A.R.T. error appears
B) When an HDI occurs
C) When BIOS displays an error
D) When the computer beeps once while booting
Answer: B
Diff: 3
23) Which tool could a technician use if errors appear on an external mechanical hard drive?
A) bootrec
B) chkdsk
C) diskpart
D) regedit
Answer: B
Diff: 3
24) A computer needs to have a power supply replaced. The computer has a floppy drive, one PATA optical
drive, two SATA hard drives, an eSATA hard drive, and an external USB hard drive. How many power
connectors are needed from the power supply to attach all this storage?
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
E) 5
F) 6
Answer: D
Diff: 2
25) After flashing a BIOS, the system displays the message “OS not found.” What should the technician do
first??
A) Roll the system back to before the BIOS/UEFI update.
B) Check the boot order.
C) Replace the hard drive and reinstall data from a backup.
D) Check the drive settings.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
26) What causes a drive to make a loud clicking noise?

A) The heads touching the platter
B) The drive motor failing
C) The read/write heads moving over the surface
D) The loose power connection
Answer: C
Diff: 3

27) What command could be used to change the file system on a mechanical hard drive?
A) bootrec
B) regedit
C) chkdsk
D) format
Answer: D
Diff: 3
28) What is the issue if a RAID controller will not recognize SSDs being installed, but if either drive is
connected to a motherboard connection, the drive is recognized?
A) Controller firmware
B) Outdated BIOS/UEFI
C) Outdated operating system updates
D) Outdated operating system
Answer: A
Diff: 3
29) One drive in a RAID 5 has failed. What will a technician do?
A) Shut down the system until the replacement drive arrives.
B) Replace the failed drive as soon as the replacement drive arrives and allow the RAID to rebuild.
C) Disable the RAID, install the drive, back up the data, and re-enable the RAID.
D) Perform a backup, install the replacement drive, and reinstall data.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
30) Two drives in a RAID 5 have failed. What will a technician do?
A) Run the Disk Management tool.
B) Replace the failed drives as soon as the replacement drive arrives and allow the RAID to rebuild.
C) Replace the failed drives and restore data from a backup.
D) Perform a backup, install the replacement drive, and reinstall data.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
31) What type of drives are used with Windows Storage Spaces?
A) SATA only
B) PATA only
C) SSDs only
D) Flash drives only
E) SATA or SSDs only
F) Any type of storage
Answer: F
Diff: 3
32) A system that meets hardware and software requirements has just had a new version of Windows
installed, but the system seems sluggish. What should the technician do?
A) Reinstall the old operating system.
B) Defragment the hard drive.
C) Replace the hard drive.
D) Replace the memory modules.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
33) A computer that has a RAID 1 installed is running sluggishly. S.M.A.R.T. errors sometimes appear. What
tool should a technician use FIRST?
A) Regedit
B) Bootrec
C) Chkdsk
D) Diskpart
Answer: C
Diff: 4
34) Which drive utility could a technician use the assign command within?
A) Disk Management
B) Bootrec
C) Chkdsk
D) Diskpart
Answer: D
Diff: 4
35) Which drive utility could a technician use the list command within?
A) Disk Management
B) Bootrec
C) Chkdsk
D) Diskpart
Answer: D
Diff: 4
36) Which drive partition type would be best to use with a 4TB hard drive?
A) Primary
B) Extended
C) Logical
D) GPT
Answer: D
Diff: 3
37) What is the maximum length for a SATA cable?

A) 1 foot
B) 18 inches
C) 3.3 feet
D) 6 feet
Answer: C
Diff: 2
38) During the Windows installation process, the system does not recognize any hard drives. What should
the technician do?
A) Use a different Windows version.
B) Use a 64- instead of a 34-bit Windows version.
C) Obtain hard drive drivers.
D) Repartition the drives.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
39) Which hard drive could be removed when power is applied to the computer?
A) eSATA
B) SSD
C) PATA
D) SATA
E) Internal SCSI
Answer: A
Diff: 2
40) In today’s Windows version, which task is automatically added to task scheduler?
A) Drive partitioning
B) Antivirus updating
C) Drive defragmentation
D) Chkdsk
Answer: C
Diff: 3
41) When using NTFS as a file system, what can be used to control the amount of hard disk space each user
on the machine can have as a maximum?
A) Logical drives
B) Disk quotas
C) Extended partitions
D) Security Center
Answer: B
Diff: 2
42) A teacher calls the help desk, “Hi, my name is Cheryl Schmidt and I called in a problem yesterday that
my IP phone won’t work in my office. I just got a note through my email that states the problem was
closed, but when I came in to work today, my office phone still does not have a phone number, and it
does not work.” Which statement would be the most appropriate from the help desk technician?
A) “That Jack. He is always closing help-desk problems before he actually gets around to doing the
repair. This has happened before and I am sure he will fix that today.”
B) “Let me try and solve the problem with you right now.”
C) “ Let me give you the phone number of my supervisor so you can report this.”
D) “Stay on the line and I will get Jack on the call with us to find out why he didn't solve the problem.”
Answer: B
Diff: 3
43) A teacher calls the help desk, “Hi, my name is Cheryl Schmidt. My IP phone won’t work. Can you help
me?”
A) “That Jim. He is always changing that Cisco CallManager server. This is probably because the server,
DNS, the DHCP server, or the switch hasn’t been configured for the proper VLAN. Let’s start some good
old-fashioned troubleshooting and get this problem resolved. “
B) “Let me try and solve the problem with you right now.”
C) “ Let me get some information from you so we can try to solve this problem.”
D) “Now calm down, Ms. Schmidt. You know we techs have a lot of problems going on right now.”
Answer: C
Diff: 3
44) Which hard drive type would load Windows 8 the fastest?
A) SAS
B) SSD
C) eSATA
D) SATA
E) PATA
Answer: B
Diff: 3
45) What Windows utility can be used to change a FAT16 or FAT32 hard drive partition to NTFS
without losing any data?
A) Hdmanage
B) Format
C) Convert
D) Fdisk
E) Disk Management tool
Answer: C
Diff: 3
46) Which Windows utility can be used to delete unused files to reclaim some hard drive space?
A) Desktop Cleanup
B) System Restore
C) ScanDisk
D) Disk Cleanup
Answer: D
Diff: 2
47) Which command would be used to access a disk utility to manage drives from a command
environment?
A) Diskpart
B) Fdisk
C) Chkdsk
D) Bootcfg
Answer: A
Diff: 3
48) Which statement about SATA is true?

A) SATA is an older technology than PATA.
B) SATA uses a smaller cable than PATA.
C) One motherboard SATA connection supports more attached devices than PATA.
D) SATA is a design created by RAMBus.
Answer: B
Diff: 2

49) Subdividing a hard drive into two or more subunits is called
A) Clustering
B) High-level formatting
C) Low-level formatting
D) Partitioning
Answer: D
Diff: 2
50) When accessing data, which of the following has the fastest throughput?
A) Internal PATA drive
B) RAM
C) Internal SAS drive
D) Internal SATA drive
E) External SATA drive
Answer: B
Diff: 2
51) To what does FAT refer when speaking of hard drives?

A) File Access Timer
B) File Address Translator
C) Fundamental Address Tracking
D) File Allocation Table
Answer: D
Diff: 2
52) In Windows 10, what program is used to convert FAT16 partitions to NTFS without losing data?
A) Debug
B) Defrag
C) Convert
D) Setup
E) Disk Management tool
Answer: C
Diff: 2
53) Which of the following has the largest storage capacity?

A) Gigabyte
B) Exabyte
C) Petabyte
D) Terabyte
Answer: B
Diff: 2
54) The smallest amount of space reserved for one file on a hard drive is called a
A) Track
B) Cluster
C) Partition
D) Sector
Answer: B
Diff: 2
55) What command would be used in Windows 7 to repair a partition table?
A) Format
B) Fdisk
C) Bootrec /fixmbr
D) Fixboot
E) Fixmbr
Answer: C
Diff: 3
56) Which of the following is NOT a file system?

A) FAT12
B) FAT16
C) FAT32
D) FAT48
Answer: D
Diff: 2
57) What is the maximum number of logical drives an extended partition can have?
A) 5
B) 10
C) 23
D) 64
Answer: C
Diff: 2
58) What does MBR mean?

A) Motherboard Resistance
B) Minimum Batch Registry
C) Master Boot Record
D) Minimum Boot Requirements
Answer: C
Diff: 2
59) What do you do first if you get a boot message of Hard Drive Not Found?
A) Repartition and use a smaller cluster size.
B) Repartition and use the NTFS file system.
C) Check power and disk cabling.
D) Use the bootrec /fixboot command.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
60) What do you do first if you get a boot message of Invalid System Disk?
A) Check power and disk cabling.
B) Check BIOS/UEFI boot sequence.
C) Use the bootrec /fixboot command.
D) Use the fdisk command.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
61) What do you do first if you get a boot message of No boot device available?
A) Check power and disk cabling.
B) Use the bootrec /fixmbr command.
C) Use the bootrec /fixboot command.
D) Check optical drives for discs.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
62) Which of the following can provide power to an external drive?

A) IEEE 1394 port
B) eSATAp port
C) A/B switch
D) S/PDIF port
Answer: B
Diff: 3
63) What type of drive is best used in a rugged terrain such as building the ice roads in Alaska?
A) SCSI
B) eSATA
C) SATA
D) SSD
Answer: D
Diff: 2
64) What program removes offline Internet files?

A) Device Manager
B) Task Manager
C) Recycle Bin
D) Disk Cleanup
Answer: D
Diff: 2
65) A technician has a 50GB image file used to re-image computers. What file system would best serve
the technician for the external hard drive used to hold the image and associated re-imaging files?
A) exFAT
B) FAT12
C) FAT16
D) FAT32
E) NTFS
Answer: A
Diff: 2
66) A photographer has more than 5 million photographs that she stores on a USB drive and takes to
shows. What file system would best serve the photographer for this storage as well as storage for
additional photos?
A) exFAT
B) FAT12
C) FAT16
D) FAT32
E) NTFS
Answer: A
Diff: 2
67) All the following are true about computer storage devices EXCEPT
A) An HDD is sealed to keep dust out.
B) In a tower computer the hard drive is normally placed outside the computer.
C) An optical disc stores less data than a hard disk.
D) DVDs normally hold less data than a hard drive.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
68) A person is donating his computer to a school. Which of the following should be done before the students
use the computer?
A) Format the hard drive.
B) Use the scandisk program.
C) Use the chkdsk program.
D) Use the convert command.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
69) If a drive shows a status of Not Initialized in Disk Management, what should the technician do?
A) Format the drive.
B) Right-click on the drive and select Initialize.
C) Partition the drive.
D) Replace the drive.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
70) A project manager needs more hard drive space so the technician installs a hard drive that was removed
from a computer that is used for spare parts. BIOS recognizes the drive, but the Disk Management status
window shows the drive as Failed. What should the technician do first?
A) Run BitLocker.
B) Right-click on the drive and select Reactivate Disk.
C) Use the Check Now tool.
D) Run an antivirus application.
Answer: B
Diff: 3
71) The Network Engineering Technology departmental secretary is getting a new computer funded by a
grant. The old computer is being moved by the PC technicians to give to the new program facilitator in
another department. Which one of the following is most likely to be used before the program facilitator
uses the computer?
A) BitLocker
B) Disk Management tool
C) Check Now tool
D) Backup tool
Answer: B
Diff: 3
72) How many pins are on a SATA motherboard connector?
A) 7
B) 10
C) 25
D) 40
Answer: A
Diff: 3
73) What is the difference between a SATA 2 and a SATA 3 hard drive?
A) SATA 3 will always be a larger capacity drive.
B) The SATA 3 has a different power connector.
C) The SATA 3 device will be physically smaller.
D) The SATA 3 device transmits data faster.
E) The SATA 3 device transmits more simultaneous bits than SATA 2.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
74) What type of memory do SSDs use?

A) Flash
B) EPROM
C) RAM
D) SRAM
Answer: A
Diff: 2
75) What is the primary cause of hard drive failures?

A) Heat
B) Moving parts
C) Dust
D) Dirty laser lens
Answer: B
Diff: 2
76) Which situation would not be appropriate for the use of SSDs?
A) A manufacturing plant with heat-sensitive equipment
B) A medical imaging office that needs high-capacity storage
C) A research facility where noise must be kept to a minimum
D) A military operation where fast access to data is critical
Answer: B
Diff: 3
77) What is an erase block as it relates to SSDs?

A) The delay caused by the drive to provide security measures when deleting files
B) The security measure imposed on nonauthorized personnel when they try to erase a file that has the
erase block feature enabled
C) The minimum amount of space that is erased before data is written
D) The method of storing data on an SSD
Answer: C
Diff: 3
78) How can wear leveling extend the life of an SSD?

A) It writes data across all the memory, so the same blocks of memory do not get written and rewritten
into repeatedly.
B) It runs the defragmentation tool simultaneously as when writing or erasing files.
C) It provides a lower voltage to the memory when the system is running at a higher temperature to make
the memory last longer.
D) It provides a method of writing data that is cooler than other writing methods.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
79) What is a drawback of SSDs?

A) Cost
B) Speed
C) Reliability
D) MTBF
Answer: A
Diff: 1
80) Through what utility would a technician verify whether a motherboard eSATA port is disabled or
enabled?
A) Disk Management
B) BIOS/UEFI
C) Diskpart
D) System Tools
Answer: B
Diff: 2
81) What does it mean when a drive mounts?

A) The drive is ready to have RAID installed.
B) The drive is ready to be converted.
C) A communication channel opens between the drive and the operating system.
D) The drive is ready to receive a file system.
Answer: C
Diff: 3
82) Why are SSDs more susceptible than mechanical hard drives to electrostatic discharge?
A) The SSD is a more fragile component.
B) The voltage level of the SSD is lower than a mechanical hard drive.
C) The internal battery of the SSD provides additional current.
D) SSDs are memory.
Answer: D
Diff: 3
83) What is the most common BIOS setting for an IDE hard drive?
A) AUTO
B) PATA
C) SATA
D) Enabled
Answer: A
Diff: 2
84) What does partitioning the hard drive mean?

A) Preparing the drive for an operating system
B) Giving the hard drive a drive letter and/or allowing the hard drive to be seen as more than one drive
C) Preparing the drive to be mounted
D) Dividing the hard drive up into three different sections: one for each type of file system
Answer: B
Diff: 2
85) What is the maximum partition size for NTFS?

A) 16PB
B) 16GB
C) 16EB
D) 16BB
Answer: C
Diff: 4
86) What is the maximum drive size if the file system being used is exFAT?
A) 16EB
B) 16TB
C) 64ZB
D) 512TB
Answer: C
Diff: 4
87) What is an open source file system developed by Sun Microsystems that allows access to remote files over
a network?
A) exFAT
B) NTFS
C) NFS
D) ext4
Answer: C
Diff: 3
88) What Windows tool is used to high-level format a second hard drive?
A) Diskpart
B) Fdisk
C) Disk Management
D) BIOS/UEFI
Answer: C
Diff: 2
89) When powering on a computer, you notice that the hard drive does not spin. What will you check?
A) Cabling
B) BIOS
C) Disk Management
D) Device Manager
Answer: A
Diff: 2
90) What is chkdsk?

A) A program used to locate and identify lost clusters
B) A program used to defragment the hard drive
C) A command used to scan the disk for viruses during off hours
D) A command used to verify the validity of the drive surface before installing a file system or an operating
system
Answer: A
Diff: 2
91) What is the most frequently used method by users to check a hard drive for lost clusters if you are using a
Windows computer?
A) Low level format
B) Chkdsk command
C) Check Now
D) Disk Management tool
Answer: C
Diff: 2
92) What is the purpose of the Disk Cleanup tool?

A) It performs a low level format.
B) It deletes temp files, empties the Recycle Bin, and compresses files that are not used.
C) It prepares the drive for use before the drive is partitioned and high-level formatted.
D) It defragments the hard drive.
Answer: B
Diff: 2
93) Why is it easier to deal with a customer in person than on the phone?
A) You can make an easier judgment about their computer problem.
B) You can see whether she is telling the truth.
C) You can ensure the message has been received.
D) You can use body language to convey your message.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
94) What file system is optimized for optical media?

A) CDFS
B) exFAT
C) NTFS
D) FAT32
Answer: A
Diff: 3
95) Which technology puts stored data into RAM where it is retrieved faster?
A) CDFS
B) Virtual memory
C) Disk cache
D) FAT32
Answer: C
Diff: 3
96) What is the first step in configuring Windows Storage Spaces?

A) Create a pool.
B) Partition the drive.
C) Format the drive.
D) Mount a virtual drive.
Answer: A
Diff: 3
97) A user has requested an SSD in a device that has only one storage bay, but the user wants more storage
than an SSD offers. What is the best solution the technician should recommend?
A) Create a drive pool.
B) Use Storage Spaces.
C) Install an internal SSD and an external mechanical drive.
D) Install an SSHD.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
98) Which technology is used with SSHDs to decide which data should go on the SSD?
A) Drive pool
B) Storage Spaces
C) FCM
D) Dynamic disk cache
Answer: C
Diff: 2
99) Consider the following drives and determine which one would be best to recommend for a desktop
computer that needs a reasonable amount of storage with good performance?
Drive 1: 6TB 5400 RPM SATA 6Gb/s 256MB cache 3.5”
Drive 2: 1TB 7200 RPM SATA 6GB/s 64MB cache 3.5”
Drive 3: 4TB 5400 RPM NAS 6Gb/s 64MB cache 3.5”
Drive 4: 6TB 7200 RPM NAS 6Gb/s 256MB cache 3.5”
Drive 5: 3TB 7200 RPM SATA 6Gb/s 256MB cache 3.5”
A) Drive 1
B) Drive 2
C) Drive 3
D) Drive 4
E) Drive 5
Answer: E
Diff: 3
100) A customer is requesting a system be configured for GPT. What is a requirement of having a GPT?
A) 64-bit version of Windows
B) Windows 10
C) 2 or more hard drives
D) 3 or more hard drives
Answer: A
Diff: 3
101) A technician needs to connect a hard drive to a SAS controller. Which type of cable should the technician
be looking for?
A) Serial-Attached SCSI cable
B) SATA 7-pin cable
C) SATA 15-pin cable
D) SAS cable
Answer: A
Diff: 3
102) A technician has been asked to install an SSD into a laptop. Which type of interface should the technician
be looking for?
A) PCI
B) PCIe
C) M.2
D) miniPCI
Answer: C
Diff: 2
103) Which technology is a better choice for SSD performance?

A) Storage spaces
B) NVMe
C) PCIe
D) FCM
Answer: B
Diff: 2

7.3 Multiple Answer Questions
1) Which two connections would most likely be used for external hard drive connectivity on a current
computer? (Choose two.)
A) exFAT
B) eSATA
C) USB
D) IEEE 1294
E) SATA
F) PATA
G) SCSI
Answer: B, C
Diff: 2
2) When using Windows, why is using NTFS as a file system a good idea? (Choose all that apply.)
A) It uses smaller cluster sizes.
B) It supports larger hard drive partitions.
C) It has more security options.
D) It supports faster access times.
E) It has been available as a file system for all Windows operating systems and versions of operating
systems.
F) It is the only file system you can use the Disk Management tool to maintain the partitions.
Answer: A, B, C, D
Diff: 3
3) Consider the following information:

Computer for Sale:
Intel dual-core 2.8GHz processor
4GB DDR2-667MHz dual channel SDRAM
500GB SATA HDD
Optical drive
If you were to buy another hard drive just like the one listed in the advertisement, which of the steps to
allow data to be written to the hard drive would you have to do? (Choose all that apply.)
A) Low level format
B) Low level partition
C) Partition
D) High level format
E) Convert
F) Encrypt
Answer: C, D
Diff: 2

4) Which three of the following are file systems? (Choose three.)
A) exFAT
B) eSATA
C) SATA
D) NTFS
E) FAT
F) PATA
G) SAS
Answer: A, D, E
Diff: 2
5) Which three suggestions are best for dealing with customers on the phone? (Choose three.)
A) Avoid a condescending tone.
B) Speak louder than you would if they were there in person.
C) Hang up on them if they swear at you.
D) Use hand gestures for effectiveness. Even though they can’t see you, the results will be heard in your
tone.
E) Use active listening skills.
F) When giving directions to them, use a level slightly lower than their skill level to ensure they
comply.
G) Avoid using technical acronyms.
Answer: A, E, G
Diff: 2
6) What are three symptoms that a hard drive is failing? (Choose three.)
A) Loud clicking noise
B) A whirling sound
C) Read/write errors
D) Slow response
E) Disk Management tool automatically appears with a message.
F) Performance tool automatically appears with a message.
Answer: A, C, D
Diff: 3
7) What are the three types of storage spaces? (Choose three.)

A) Primary
B) Secondary
C) Tertiary
D) Simple
E) Extended
F) Parity
G) Logical
H) Mirror
Answer: D, F, H
Diff: 4

8) Which two connection options would likely be used to connect a tape drive to a computer today? (Choose
two.)
A) Parallel
B) USB
C) eSATA
D) VGA
E) PS/2
Answer: B, C
Diff: 2
9) Which two file systems are Linux-based? (Choose two.)

A) NTFS
B) EXT3
C) FAT16
D) FAT32
E) EXT4
Answer: B, E
Diff: 3
10) A technician has been asked to install an SSD into a laptop. Which two technologies should the
technician look for when considering options to offer the customer?
A) NTFS
B) NVMe
C) eSATA
D) M.2
E) Storage Spaces
Answer: B, D
Diff: 3

7.4 Matching Questions
1) Match the tool with the description. Each description is used only once.
Disk Management _____
Diskpart _____
Advanced system settings _____
Disk Cleanup _____
A. Used to adjust virtual memory

B. Used to defragment the hard drive
C. Used to access a command environment to control and manage hard drives
D. Used to check the status of a drive
Answer: D, C, A, B
Diff: 2
2) You need to connect a hard drive that boots the system and an optical drive to a PATA cable. Match the
cable connector color with the device.
Black
Blue
Gray
A. Optical drive
B. Hard drive
C. Motherboard
Answer: B, C, A
Diff: 2
3) Match the RAID level with the description.

RAID 0
RAID 1
RAID 5
A. Three or more hard drives with one drive used for parity
B. Disk mirroring with two hard drives as a minimum
C. Disk striping without parity with two hard drives as a minimum
Answer: C, B, A
Diff: 3
4) Match the technology with the description.

PATA
SATA
SAS
Virtual memory
NTFS
FAT16
A. One device per motherboard connection

B. Supports disk quotas
C. 40-pin connector
D. Large cluster sizes
E. Hard drive space used as RAM
F. Used mainly in servers
Answer: C, A, F, E, B, D
Diff: 2
5) Match the disk management status state with the description.

Active
Failed
Foreign
Offline
Online (errors)
Unknown
A. Drive taken from another computer

B. Check cabling and power
C. Need to initialize
D. Bootable partition
E. Use Check Now tool
F. Need to reactivate
Answer: D, F, A, B, E, C
Diff: 3
6) Match the Disk Management term with the description.

Basic disk
Dynamic disk
Spanned volume
Striped volume
RAW volume
A. Uses multiple drives’ space but fills the first drive first
B. A partitioned disk
C. Has volumes
D. No file system
E. Uses multiple drives’ space alternatively
Answer: B, C, A, E, D
Diff: 3

7.5 Fill-in-the-Blank Questions
1) The _______ are the part of the hard drive that actually transmits or receives the 1s and 0s to or from the
hard drive.
Answer: read/write heads, heads, read write heads
Diff: 2
2) The most common type of mechanical hard drive installed today is the _____ drive.
Answer: SATA
Diff: 1
3) The type of hard drive that is a point-to-point interface is _______.

Answer: SATA
Diff: 2
4) 1.5Gbps eSATA devices can have a cable up to _______ feet in length.

Answer: 3 . 3 , 3
Diff: 3
5) 3/6Gbps eSATA devices can have a cable up to _______ feet in length.

Answer: 6.6, 6, 6.56
Diff: 3
6) PATA drives are set up using _______.

Answer: jumpers, a jumper
Diff: 2
7) The maximum length according to the standards for a PATA IDE cable is _______ inches.
Answer: 18
Diff: 2
8) According to the specification, the middle PATA cable select connector (slave setting) is the color _______.
Answer: gray
Diff: 2
9) The number of data cables you would attach to allow an internal SATA drive to be operational is _______.
Answer: 1, one
Diff: 1
10) The total number of cables you would attach to allow an internal SATA drive to be operational is _______.
Answer: 2, two
Diff: 2
11) The number of devices that can possibly attach to a PATA cable is _______.
Answer: 2, two
Diff: 1

12) If a power connector is available from the PSU, but it is not a SATA power connector, a(n) _______ must
be obtained.
Answer: converter, power converter
Diff: 2
13) The acronym _______ describes drives that can be used instead of mechanical hard drives, but these use
memory technology.
Answer: SSD
Diff: 2
14) SSD _______ technology stores 1 bit in each cell.

Answer: SLC, single-level cell, single-level memory cell
Diff: 3
15) SSD _______ technology stores more than one bit in each cell.
Answer: MLC, multilevel cell, multilevel memory cell
Diff: 3
16) The step in preparing a hard drive that assigns drive letters to the hard drive is known as _______.
Answer: partitioning
Diff: 2
17) The Windows _______ program can be used to partition a second hard drive or partitions other than the
first partition on the first installed hard drive.
Answer: Disk Management, Disk Management Tool
Diff: 2
18) _______ is the command-line utility used to manage a hard drive or partition a drive for NTFS.
Answer: diskpart
Diff: 3
19) The most popular file system used in businesses and homes today is _______.
Answer: NTFS
Diff: 1
20) The _______ command is used to change a FAT partition to NTFS and preserve the data stored on the
FAT partition.
Answer: convert
Diff: 3
21) A(n) _______ is the minimum amount of space a file occupies; the number of sectors for each one is
determined by the size and type of partition.
Answer: cluster
Diff: 3
22) The first primary partition on the first hard drive normally receives the drive letter _______.
Answer: C, C:
Diff: 1

23) An extended partition holds _______ drives.
Answer: logical
Diff: 3
24) The _______ is where the hard drive’s partition information is kept.
Answer: partition table
Diff: 3
25) The first hard drive in a system is normally partitioned through the _______ installation process.
Answer: Windows
Diff: 1
26) The first sector on a hard drive is called the _______.

Answer: MBR, master boot record
Diff: 4
27) The Windows partition that holds the majority of the operating system files is called the _______ partition.
Answer: boot
Diff: 3
28) The two types of storage defined by the Windows Logical Disk Management tool are _______ and
_______.
Answer: basic, dynamic
Diff: 4
29) A(n) _______ volume writes data by alternating between two or more drives.
Answer: striped, RAID 0
Diff: 3
30) A(n) _______ disk holds a spanned volume.

Answer: dynamic
Diff: 3
31) A(n) _______ volume holds files used to boot the computer.
Answer: system
Diff: 3
32) The _______ process sets up the file system.

Answer: high-level format, high level format, format
Diff: 2
33) RAID level _______ does not provide data protection.

Answer: 0, RAID 0
Diff: 2
34) RAID _______ is disk mirroring.

Answer: 1, one
Diff: 2

35) RAID level _______ requires three or more hard drives because one drive always contains parity data
used to rebuild a failed drive.
Answer: 5
Diff: 2
36) The _______ is like the table of contents for a hard drive with at least two on every hard drive.
Answer: FAT, file allocation table
Diff: 3
37) During the boot process the hard drive light flashes briefly to indicate reading of the _______ table.
Answer: partition
Diff: 3
38) A hard drive shows a status of foreign in Disk Management. This is common when the _______ has been
moved to another computer.
Answer: drive, disk, dynamic, dynamic disk
Diff: 2
39) The _______ Windows program removes temporary files, empties the Recycle Bin, as well as other storage
space saving techniques.
Answer: Disk Cleanup
Diff: 2
40) A Windows solution that allows several drives that can be of different types to be seen as one drive letter
is _____.
Answer: Storage Spaces
Diff: 3
41) File _______ occurs when a file is located on nonconsecutive clusters.

Answer: fragmentation
Diff: 3
42) The _______ Windows program places files in contiguous (adjacent) sectors.
Answer: Defragment, defragmentation
Diff: 2
43) A disk _______ speeds up hard drive data access.

Answer: cache
Diff: 2
44) _______ memory is when hard drive space is used as RAM.

Answer: Virtual
Diff: 2
45) A best practice for phone communication is to avoid chewing _______ while on the phone with the
customer.
Answer: gum
Diff: 1

7.6 Essay Questions
1) Describe one difference between an architecture that transmits in parallel and one that transmits serially.
Answer: Parallel architectures transmit multiple bits at the same time. This requires precise timing that
is harder to design and maintain as transfer rates increase. Multiple devices can attach to the same bus
and share the architecture, but this makes configuration more complex. Serial architectures transmit
one bit at a time and configuration is much easier.
Diff: 2
2) Describe a situation where Storage Spaces might be used.

Answer: Storage Spaces might be used when someone needs to back up a hard drive and none of the
individual flash drives or external drives may be big enough. By using Storage Spaces, several different
drive types and capacities can be joined together to appear as one drive and can be used to back up
data.
Diff: 3
3) Describe how erasing is used for writing data onto an SSD.

Answer: To write data, the SSD might have to move data to another location or erase a block of
memory before writing.
Diff: 3
4) Explain the difference between spanned and striped volumes.

Answer: Spanned volumes write data across two or more hard drives but write the data on one hard
drive until it is full. Then data is written to the second hard drive. A spanned volume has one drive
letter even though two hard drives are used. With striped volumes, data is written to both hard drives
consistently.
Diff: 2
5) List three things to check if a hard drive has just been installed and does not work properly.
Answer: Check the following: BIOS settings, jumper settings (if applicable), cable connectivity, power,
ensure Disk Management tool sees the drive, and verify partitioning and formatting.
Diff: 2
6) List three things to check when a working hard drive quits.

Answer: Check the following: Run an antivirus program, check cabling, check Disk Management tool
for status, see whether drive is accessible from a bootable disc, check system files, and boot to Safe
Mode if possible.
Diff: 3
7) List three interfaces that could be used with a removable data storage unit such as an external hard drive.
Answer: Interfaces that could be used for a removable data storage unit include the following: eSATA,
SCSI, USB, and IEEE 1394.
Diff: 2

Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and Software: AA CompTIA A+ Core 1 (220-1001)
8) Describe fragmentation as it relates to hard drives.

Answer: Fragmentation is when the parts of a file are located in two or more clusters that are not
adjacent to one another.
Diff: 2
9) List three tips for dealing with anyone when communicating over the phone.
Answer: Avoid a condescending tone. Be patient and go slow when giving directions. Use active
listening skills. Avoid doing other tasks when on a call. If customers are irate, try to calm them and
help them. However, if they continue to be a problem, turn the call over to your supervisor. Escalate a
problem to a higher level technician. Do not leave people on hold for extended periods of time without
checking back with them and giving them an update. Speak clearly and loudly enough to be heard
easily. Avoid having a headset microphone pulled away so that it is hard to hear you. If the customer
asks you to repeat something, speak louder or adjust the microphone or handset. Avoid using
acronyms and technical jargon. Identify yourself in a clear and positive tone. Avoid being accusatory or
threatening. Avoid eating, drinking, or chewing gum while on the phone.
Diff: 2

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
Chapter V.
OBSERVING AT HAND.
A tribe of little children had gathered round Mrs. White’s windows

before Letitia and Thérèse arrived at the shop; the reason of which
was that the grocery and drapery goods were disposed in a new
style of elegance, in honour of her ladyship. Such tempting candies
in the one window; such shining pins, such a rainbow box of cottons,
such rolls of ribands, stuffs, calicoes, and flannels in the other! The
little things could not be persuaded to move off even when White,
who was on the watch, bustled about to make a clear path for the
lady. There was plenty of bobbing from the girls, and pulling of
forelocks from the boys; plenty of elbowing, and pushing, and
signing, when it became necessary for somebody to speak in answer
to her kind questions; but there was no inclination to make way. They
were even rude enough to crowd about the door and peep in, while
she was buying snuff and sugar-candy.
Letitia soon found that if White was shrewd in changing his
occupation and profession according to circumstances, his wife was
no less shrewd in understanding and conducting her own. It would
be a wonder, the lady thought, if between them, they did not prove a
match for their co-operative neighbours.
“I charge you the lowest, ma’am, the lowest, I assure you; and as
low as is fair....”
“O, I have no doubt of it, Mrs. White. I am not going to dispute your
prices, I assure you.”
“Indeed, my lady, I don’t go by the rules of the folks over the way;
and why? Because they talk of charging only the interest of what
their stock costs them; while I must have profit too, and that is
interest twice over.”
“The other half is what you live on, Mrs. White, instead of
consuming part of their stock, you know.”
“True, madam. Double interest is fair profit, as my father used to
say; and he, being a schoolmaster, knew the right of such things.”
“And taught them to you, it seems. But you do not mean to say
that all profit is double interest. There is your neighbour, the
apothecary, he charges at a much higher rate for his medicines.”
“Aye,” said White. “His is a fine conjuring trade. He shakes up
three or four things in a bottle, and what was worth twopence is
directly charged two shillings.”
“But consider, John, this is not all profit. Think what he paid for his
learning, and what time he gives up to his patients. He has to pay
himself for all this out of his drugs.”
“Then why not call some of his gains wages at once, and charge
his patients for such, instead of pretending to give his time and
labour, and charging his medicines ten times dearer than he need?”
“Many wish to be allowed to do this, I understand,” said Letitia.
“They dislike the temptation to cram their patients with medicine, in
order to repay the expenses of their education; and they wish it to be
understood, that when we pay for a blister or a powder, we pay for
medical skill and aid, as well as for Spanish flies or bark. In the same
way, nobody supposes that great physicians charge guineas for
writing five lines of a prescription, or lawyers for reading over a sheet
of parchment.”
“There is the risk in their case,” observed White, “as well as the
education. For one that gets rich in their profession, there are many
that make but little; and this uncertainty ought to have a large
reward.”
“If it was not for such uncertainty, my lady, I could sell some of my
goods cheaper. But in a place like this, I can never make sure of
selling a new article, as I could in a large town; so, when I venture
upon any thing new, I must charge it high to make up for my money
being locked up, perhaps, and for the damage of the goods from
lying by.”
“Like a hackney coachman in a town,” observed Letitia. “Coach
fares are complained of, as if a driver had to charge only for driving
from one point to another; but besides the interest of the money his
coach and horses cost him, and the expense of repairs, he must
charge the wages of the many hours and days that he and his
horses are idle on the stand.”
“Well now, ma’am, there is one set of people whose gains make
me more angry than almost any thing I can mention; and they are
the public players and singers, and such like folks.”
White here came round the counter to his wife’s side, and kicked,
and winked, and coughed, till Nanny and Thérèse were amazed, and
Letitia laughed. Nanny went on,
“Lord, John, I know more about that sort of people than you think,
from there being a company playing in Mr. Jarvis’s barn; and I
assure you, ma’am, the satins they pretended to wear were all
glazed calico; and the jewels, my lady, were all made of tinfoil. Well;
they got, even in a poor place like this, ever so much more than their
living could have cost them; and I have heard of some of the better
sort,—London actresses and such,—making more in a night than an
apothecary in a whole year. Why now, John, what should you know
about it, to object in this way? I tell you....”
“I can tell you that it is true,” said Letitia; “and I can tell you the
reason. Besides the uncertainty, which is much greater in those
professions than in any other, there is a kind of discredit belonging to
them; so that it requires a very strong inducement to tempt people of
great talent to engage in them. When the time comes,—and I expect
it will come,—for public singers and actors to be treated with proper
respect, the best of them will not be paid extravagantly, and the
inferior ones will not be half-starved, as they are now. There will be
no disgrace, and less uncertainty; and payment will therefore be
more equal.”
“Then perhaps scavengers will be paid no more than plough-boys;
for really, it seems to me wrong that there should be any reproach
against scavengers on account of their occupation. You ladyship will
excuse my mentioning them before you.”
“To be sure, Mrs. White, since we both think them a respectable
class, in as far as they are useful. But they are paid high, as much
on account of the disagreeableness of their business as its being ill
thought of. Plumbers, and gilders, and miners, and distillers are paid
more than shepherds and gardeners, because their business is less
healthy and agreeable than those which are carried on in the open
air, and in perfect safety.”
“Well, ma’am, I suppose it is all fair and even in the end; but it
seems very much like chance; for people do not stop to consider the
pleasantness, or the easiness, or the constancy, or the certainty of
the business of the person they are paying, or the trust they put in
him. They think of no such things when they go to the play, or buy
early strawberries.”
“True; there are no such nice distinctions on all occasions; nor are
they necessary; but yet there is no chance in the matter. When a
duke fees his physician, and his duchess pays her jeweller’s bill, the
nobleman does not calculate the expense at which his physician
acquired his profession, and the long time he waited for practice; nor
does the lady think of the costly stock of her tradesman, and the
delicate nature of his workmanship; and yet, these are the
circumstances which determine the recompense of each. If it was as
easy to be a physician as a plough-boy, there would be as many
physicians as plough-boys; and if a diamond necklace required no
more capital and skill than a bunch of asparagus, there would be as
many jewellers as green-grocers; and then physicians and jewellers
would be paid no more than ploughmen and green-grocers.”
“But, my lady, we do not want so many physicians as ploughmen.”
“True; and it is therefore a very happy thing that fewer can be the
one than the other. If we leave the rewards of labour to take their
natural course, we shall find that there always turns up a larger
quantity of the sort we want most, and a lesser quantity of the sort
we want least. In profits, I suppose, Mrs. White, you find less variety
than in wages. It is of wages, you know, that we have been talking
since we began about the apothecary.”
“Why, my lady, there is a disagreeable and an agreeable way of
making profits of stock; and there is, I am sure, much more risk in
some cases than others.”
“Yes; but there is no consideration of the easiness or the difficulty
of selling things, or of the trust put in the seller, as there is in the
manufacture of the thing sold. A smuggler, or any other kind of
speculator, may make more one month, and lose more the next, than
the regular trader pretends to calculate; but, I fancy, if we were able
to see into the affairs of all the people in this village, or in any town,
we should find less difference in what people make from an equal
amount of stock, than from an equal quantity of labour. Your rule, of
double interest being fair profit, shows this.”
“Certainly, my lady; or there would not be steady sellers of so
many kinds of stock. People would choose the most profitable; which
they might do more easily in selling goods than making them. My
husband shifts his labour, as I believe he told you, from one
employment to another;—(well for him that he can!) And I should
shift my little capital from one kind of goods to another, if there was
any real and lasting difference in the profits they would bring. But I
don’t find that crockery would bring higher profits than grocery, and
so I go on being a grocer; and the butcher down the street finds he
makes as much of his joints as I of my stuffs, one time with another;
and if he did not, I suppose his wife would turn draper.—We all find
means to live; though I am sorry to say our profits are lower than
they were; and if all my good father said be true, they will be lower
still ten years hence.”
“Is that the sexton?” inquired Letitia, seeing an old man pass with
a large key in his hand. It was, and John White must be going to see
if all was right in his lordship’s pew, as the sexton was evidently
about to open the church. Letitia paid for her purchases and
followed, as one of her objects was to see the church as well as the
sexton. Several neighbours popped into Nanny’s shop before she
had cleared her counter, to hear what the lady could have been
saying and doing all this while. Nanny looked rather grand and
mysterious, chiefly observing upon the comfort of having got
somebody into the neighbourhood that one might speak to with
some chance of being understood. She was a lady of sense and
learning....
“Though she did not go to school to your father, Nanny.”
“If she did not, she went to school to somebody that taught her to
respect what my father taught me, neighbour; and so far, there are
some folks that might take a lesson from her.”
On this, the wink went round, and the neighbours dropped off,
leaving Nanny to muse on what fancy could have possessed her
husband to tread on her toes and twitch her gown when she spoke
of the strolling players.
Chapter VI.
OBSERVING AFAR.
The old sexton pursued his way to the church without looking behind
him, though made aware by the bustle around that strangers were in
his rear. It was not old Joel’s way to alter his pace or his purposes for
man or woman, be they who they might. Children only had any
power over him; and they only as long as they were unconscious of
it.
“Is the sexton one of the equality folks?” asked Letitia of White.
“What, old Joel? Really, madam, there is no saying what he is,
further than that he is discontented with everybody’s ways of thinking
in turn.—Joel! Joel!” he cried, as the sexton was busied in unlocking
the white gate of the churchyard, “my lady asks if you are an equality
man.”
The old man muttered something unintelligible while engaged with
the lock; but when he looked up and met Letitia’s eye, her
countenance,—not its beauty, but the sincerity of its expression,—
acted as a charm upon his reserve. They exchanged smiles, and
understood one another immediately. Joel did not, like Nanny White,
congratulate himself aloud on having met with a congenial
companion, but he felt himself happy in having done so.
“Will you please to tell me, madam, what you are here for?”
“To see the church, and to make acquaintance with you, Joel.”
“Because you are curious about my way of thinking?”
“I have no idea what your way of thinking is; but I should certainly
like to know, because it is the first thing I try to find out when I make
new acquaintances.”
“Then, madam, you and I shall suit. If such is your custom, you will
not do as the world for the most part does; you will not first suppose
that a man must be wise for having gone through all the chances
and changes that can be crowded into a long life, and then think his
opinions very wicked or very foolish because they may be such as
you did not look for. Why, say I, should I feel and think like you?
Have you been first young and then old? Have you been looked
upon as a scholar in your prime and an oddity in old age? Have you
been on the other half of the world, and have you now only the
sunny side of a churchyard for your range? Have you had ten
children round your table, and do you now come to eat your solitary
crust upon their graves? If not, why should you expect me to think
like you? And how will you dare to point at me and pity me because
pain and pleasure have sharpened my mind’s sight to pierce further
into things than you, who, may be, see only the outsides of them, or,
may be, only the mists that cover them? Follow me, madam, unless
your limbs are more feeble than an old man’s, as many a fine lady’s
are.”
As Joel turned to lead the way, White ventured upon a sly wink to
the lady, but presently fell behind, abashed by the steady gravity with
which it was met.
The church stood on a mound, and its tower, therefore, though of
moderate height, rose conspicuously above the trees which belted
the churchyard; and from its parapet might be obtained a glorious
view of the surrounding country. Joel did not pause or speak till he
had conducted Letitia and Thérèse out upon the leads.—Instead of
fixing her attention on the nearer beauties of the park and village
which lay stretched beneath, the uplands that rose beyond, and the
towers and spires of the great city which might just be discerned on
the western horizon, Letitia gazed eagerly towards the south, where
a dim haze stained the blue of an autumn sky.
“It is ... is it possible? ... yes, it must be the sea!”
“What is it you see, my lady?”
“I see a faint yellow strip of beach, and an even grey line which
must be the ocean. O yes! there is a sparkle, and no other light or
motion can be seen so far.”
“Aye,” said Joel, laughing, “that is ever the way those pronounce
who have seen little. What think you of volcano fires, my lady,
quivering over two hundred miles of a midnight sea? What think you
of an avalanche sparkling as it slides from the highest pinnacle of the
Andes? There are things, for that matter, that you have seen. What
think you of the northern lights, or of our own shining, changing
moon? Is she not so far off as yonder sea?”
“I was rash in what I said, Joel. But I wish that mist was away that I
might find a sail. Look, look, Thérèse! Is there anything?... Do you
see any form come out from amidst the haze?”
Thérèse not having fixed her sight so long, could discern nothing;
but her mistress satisfied herself that a vessel was visible, and at
length, by dint of attention, could make out first the hull, then the
sails, then one, then two more vessels in its train, and at last, a
whole fleet.
“Why do you not insist on your servant seeing them too?” asked
the old philosopher. “’Twould be just as reasonable as quarrelling, as
the people do down below, about what they see with their minds’
eyes. Bring them up here. One will say that yonder haze is nothing
more than a blotch upon a bright sky; another won’t trouble himself
to look, but believes it is a mountain, or a city, or whatever other folks
tell him it is. You, madam, see that within the mist which interests
you more than the whole landscape besides; but, depend upon it,
you will find plenty of people to assure you that ’tis all fancy that you
perceive anything.”—Turning to Thérèse, he said, “Now you believe
the lady that she sees a fleet, I dare say?”
“I do. Madame is not apt to see visions, and she ever speaks truth.
Do not you believe?”
“I do. What a world of trouble it would save if we had a few people
that could discern as far off, and tell what they saw as faithfully about
things that will outlast the sea; or even about some notions that will
pass away long before yon fleet has all been sunk, or beaten to
pieces, or decayed!”
“You mean,” said Letitia, anxious to prove the old man’s
scholarship, “what a pity it is that there is nobody to look out and tell
us what truths there are holding their course within the mists in which
our systems of religion, and politics, and science, and—above all—of
society, are shrouded.”
“Yes, madam: but, after all, if there were such, would any believe
them? Or, if some did and others did not, would there not follow a
quarrel? Believe me, madam, (for I know every man, woman, and
child, that lives beneath the roofs we are looking down upon,) there
is not a spot beyond the belt of this churchyard,—bright and quiet as
all looks, with not a leaf stirring in yonder woods,—there is not a spot
where human beings are content with each other,—not a place
above the sod where they can dwell side by side in perfect peace.—
Some even quarrel about what is to become of themselves and their
neighbours when they are laid under the sod. The children, indeed,
tell one another such tales as it is pleasant to hear about the pretty
place under ground, all cool and green and daisied, where they are
to lie and sleep till all are gathered together; but as they grow up and
are taken, one to Sir William’s chapel on the hill there, and another
to the meeting-house in the village below, and another here....”
Letitia, perceiving that Thérèse began to look alarmed about what
might be coming, interrupted Joel with the remark that it would be
surprising if there were not difference of opinion on a subject so
remote from human ken as the modes of future being. It was far
more desirable that there should be agreement as to what should be
done above ground to make life peaceful and happy; the most to be
enjoyed in itself, and the fittest possible preparation for a higher and
better.
“There is full as much quarrelling about this as about the other
matter,” said old Joel. “There is your own mansion, madam. There, if
I am rightly told, sits lord F——, sighing over the distresses of
thousands, and finding fault with the management of those that have
held his office before him. In yonder new farm lives a man who is
annoyed by the complaints of his neighbours on account of his
having undertaken the tillage of some inferior lands, owing to which,
the profits of their several occupations must fall. In the old abbey
farm below, there is discontent at rents being raised by the same
means. In our village shop, there is jealousy of the neighbouring co-
operatives; and these co-operatives themselves, congratulating one
another as they do on having found out the road to prosperity, shake
their heads in a very melancholy way over the impiety of holding
lands, and the injustice of rewarding labour in such a faulty manner
as by paying coin. There are much worse things than these. There is
life lost in smuggling contests on the coast you are looking at; and
life wasted and worn in ill-paid labour in the rich fields below; and life
embittered by hunger and cold in yonder hovels where the jolly hunt
is now sweeping by. Everybody sees all this, and everybody boasts
that he could cure it. All set about it in different ways, and nothing is
done.”
“I would scarcely say that nothing is done,” said Letitia. “Though
labour-notes may not prove so good a circulating medium as gold
and silver, it is something done for any body of men to have become
practically convinced that it is labour which gives value to what we
would exchange. Though it is not at all likely that property in land will
be given up because the Jews, peculiar in all their institutions, held
theirs under a peculiar tenure, it is something gained that common
attention is turned upon the tendency of our present system of land-
holding, that so the causes of the increase of this species of property
may be discovered in time to remove the impediments to a just
distribution. Depend upon it, something is gained by these divisions
of opinion; and the more various they become, the nearer we are to
a better plan of society. The more quickly opponents demolish the
hinderances set up by one another, the sooner will the natural laws
of distribution be left free to work.”
“Why should they not do the thing more quickly still, madam, by
watching the natural course of things? There might be an old man
found in every village able to tell the changes that have come to
pass since his boyhood in the value of the property, and the
prosperity of the people around him, and wise enough to separate
what belongs to the matter from what does not. I, for my part, can
prove that our people here would not have been richer if they had
paid one another in labour-notes or goods, instead of coin; and that if
all the people within five miles round had made an agreement fifty
years ago to have everything in common, there would now have
been less wealth within these bounds, and far more people to
consume it,—though we have too many already.”
“Point out to me, Joel, any spot within sight where you have
watched the operation of the natural laws of distribution, of which we
hear so much.”
“Alas! madam, there is no such spot in this kingdom. If there were,
there would be abundance and content everywhere, instead of the
differences we have been talking of. What is the first of these laws?
That all labour should be free and voluntary.—Well; our people are
not slaves, it is true; but can labour be called voluntary as to its
amount, when a man must work sixteen hours a day to get just
enough to keep him from starving?”
“This comes of there being more labour than food; and this
therefore cannot be remedied by equalization of property, since the
rich man consumes little more food than the poor man. It can be
remedied only by bringing in more corn, or by sending out a portion
of our surplus labour from among us.”
“True. Well; the second law is that all the fruits of labour should be
secured to the producer. This is not done; for taxation swallows up a
grievous portion of what is produced.”
“But the labourer chooses to exchange part of the fruits of his
labour for the sake of the protection of a government.”
“The third law,” interrupted Joel, “is that all exchanges of these
fruits ought to be free and voluntary. Let our labourers give
something in exchange for social protection, and welcome; but never
tell me that they would willingly give as much as is now required from
them in taxes, unless food was allowed so to abound as to afford a
better recompense to their toil. While government checks the supply
of food, the labourer cannot think the wealth he creates naturally
distributed between the government and himself.”
“The co-operatives propose, I believe, to go on tilling more and
more land as more food is wanted, and to give a sufficiency of its
produce to every labourer.”
“Aye, madam, and many besides the co-operatives; but it would
puzzle the wisest man among them to say where the sufficiency is to
come from, after a time; the return from land being less and less as
time passes on. Take the worst soil at present tilled....”
“Or a better soil, subtracting the rent; for the return from all land is
equal when the rent is deducted.”
“Very true, madam. The produce is to be shared between the
cultivator and his labourers, rent having nothing to do with the profits
of the one or the wages of the other,—being the consequence
entirely of the different qualities of the land. Well; let this produce be
divided into wages and profits in what proportion you will, both
decline as numbers increase and more food is wanted.”
“How is it then that farmers’ labourers have many things in their
possession that farmers’ labourers used not to have? More shoes
and stockings, and cloth coats, and other manufactured articles?”
“Because these things are more easily made, and cost less. A
labourer may now have a pair of shoes for half as much corn, we will
say, as he must have given for them some years ago. The same is
the case with the farmer who employs him; so, though each may
receive double the quantity of certain goods that they did some years
ago, it does not follow that the rate of profits and wages is increased.
If you reckoned the labourer’s gains in shoes, you might say that his
wages are doubled; but if you reckon them in relation to the farmers’
profits, you may find them at the same time lowered; or that both
wages and profits have in one sense increased; in another not. This
blinds many people to the fact that wages and profits are continually
declining.”
“Of course, if land produces less and less, there must be a smaller
produce to divide between the capitalist and his labourers; and on
the whole, they must share the decline pretty equally; since the
farmer would not farm unless he could make some profit, and the
labourers would not labour but for subsistence. But I am afraid this
decline pulls down the profits of manufactures too; for farmers would
turn manufacturers if they could make higher profits thereby; and
then there would be a new demand for corn; the price would rise;
farmers would return to farming, and would take in new land, the
diminished produce of which would lower profits again.”
“Yes, madam: this is the way that agricultural profits determine all
profits; and that all are perpetually sinking. You see labour becomes
dearer when corn is; that is, the labourer must have a certain
quantity of corn in return for his labour, be its price what it may; and
these higher wages lessen profits again, without any advantage to
the labourer.”
“Well, but the corn the farmer retains is higher in price.”
“But less in quantity, my lady; and he has the prospect of
employing dearer labour for a less return.”
“It seems, then, as if wages determined profits, instead of profits
determining wages. But I suppose it comes to the same thing where
there are only two shares to depend on each other.”
“There are greater changes, madam, in the supply of labour than
in the manner of using it; and while there are multitudes of eager,
hungry labourers, they will take care that the profits of stock shall not
commonly rise higher than just to make it answer to the capitalist to
carry on his business.”
“But do these things actually take place? Do farmers turn
manufacturers, and turn back again into farmers? and have you
known any cases of their profits falling?”
“I am as sure of it, my lady, as the co-operatives themselves,
whose theme it constantly is. As for farmers changing,—you must
remember that almost all capitalists use borrowed capital, and that
this capital floats about continually, and is taken in where it is most
wanted: so that capital may be largely invested in one concern at
one time, and another at another, without much visible change in the
occupations of capitalists. As for the other matter,—I know a
manufacturer in yon city, and the farmer in the abbey farm to have
each employed ten men at 25l. wages per annum, the highest they
could afford to give, they said, since they had now to pay 250l.
instead of 200l., as formerly. A new man came and took new land of
the old farmer’s landlord; and he had to employ eleven men to raise
the same produce as the abbey farm yielded, and the price of corn
rose. When the old farmer’s lease expired, he was charged 25l.
more rent to make him equal with the new farmer.”
“So they paid 275l.,—one for wages only, and the other for wages
and the additional rent; while the manufacturer paid only 250l.”
“Yes; but it was made up to them by the increased price of their
produce; so the profits of all were still equal. When labour should
become dearer in consequence of this rise of price, the profits of all
three would fall together.”
“And the labourer would not be better off, after all, Joel: only the
land-owner, whose rent is incessantly rising. All this is exactly what
the co-operatives are complaining of, is it not?”
“Yes, madam. But how would co-operation mend the matter?
However the total produce is divided, it still goes on lessening, while
numbers increase. This is the point, my lady. Do away as you will
with the very names of rent, profits, and wages,—throw all together
in a lump into a public treasury,—and there will still be less and less
return to capital, and more and more consumers to divide it. Co-
operation, equalization, and all those things, cannot make all lands
equally fertile, they cannot make capital grow as numbers grow; and
unless they could do these things, they can make no permanent
provision for unlimited numbers; they cannot prevent the decline of
profits, whether those profits are taken by individuals, or thrown into
the common stock.”
“But how do you answer these co-operatives, Joel, when their
complaints of the distresses of our peasantry are undeniably true?”
“I answer by agreeing with them so far. Who can help it, for that
matter? Where is the town in this wide kingdom where hunger does
not stalk ferociously through the streets, and howl in the dark alleys?
Where is the village where want does not wet the mother’s pillow
with tears, and open untimely graves for the gentle and the manly?
No, no! I have seen too much to deny what so many are suffering:
but this only makes me the more anxious that false means of relief
should not be tried. When I hear some crying out for this park of
yours, my lady, to be cut up into corn-fields and potato-gardens, or
for cultivation to be carried to the tops of yonder hills, or for all
property to be held in common, I see that all this would only lead to
tenfold misery, and I cry,—but nobody listens to an old man,—get
corn whence you can get it cheapest;—send away as many of your
people as you do not want to where they are wanted;—and take care
so to manage matters as that you may never be overburdened with
numbers again.—Often as I have said this, madam, I never before
said it with so much hope of being attended to. My lord can speak so
as to be heard from one end of the empire to the other, and....”
“And he likes to hear whatever is said from one end of the
kingdom to the other on these matters, Joel. He would fain have a
wise old man out of every town and village, as you say, to relate the
changes he has seen from boyhood till now. You must come one day
soon, when lord F—— is at leisure, and tell us more of what you
have seen at home and abroad.”
As they descended into the church, John White was seen standing
at the entrance to the gallery in a state of great impatience. He had
been kicking his heels, tapping the door-posts with his rule, and
amusing himself in sundry such ways for half an hour, while waiting
for the party, and now hastened forward to do the honours of her
pew to lady F——, pointing out the comforts and elegancies of fire-
place, cushioned chairs, curtain, &c.
“Is this our seat?” said Letitia. “I do not like it at all.”
White stared in amazement. Thérèse was too busy remarking the
bareness of a Protestant church to take notice of what was going on.
“It is a small, inconvenient church,” added Letitia, “and by no
means made the most of. Where do the school children sit?—What!
down in that narrow corner? This gallery is the proper place for them.
After all your trouble, White, we must have another arrangement.”
“And where will your ladyship have all these things shifted?”
“Nowhere,” replied she, smiling. “If a fire-place is wanted here at
all, it is for the half-clad, and not for those who can wrap themselves
in furs; and this show of damask furniture does not beseem the
place. I will speak to lord F—— about a pew for us next that of the
curate’s family, and fitted up in the same way.”
“With matting underfoot, my lady, and dark green cushions, and
below stairs too? Well to be sure! But your ladyship will have a
curtain hung round?”
“I see no use in it. Lord F—— does not sleep at church, or wish to
be supposed present when he is not.”
“And the earl, and lady Frances,” said Joel, in a whisper. “What will
they think, my lady?”
“They will, as our guests, be satisfied with our accommodations,
Joel. And now show me down, that I may go and arrange this with
lord F——, that our pew may be ready by Sunday.”
“The old family monuments, my lady.”
“I will wait to see those till lord F—— is with me. We will call for
you, the first morning he is at liberty. Meanwhile, there is much to
study in the churchyard. We shall meet there sometimes, Joel.”
The lady and the old sexton did often meet there. Sometimes she
went, sketch-book in hand, to sit in the porch or on the tombs; and
then old Joel kept on the watch, just within sight, in hopes of being
beckoned and invited to a conversation. At other times he would be
there first in the performance of his duty; and the lady, warned by the
passing bell, would come down and watch the process of grave-
digging, gathering from him many a tale of joy and sorrow; many a
touching notice of repented sin; many an animating narrative of
struggling virtue. Severe as old Joel was on the follies of the present
times, no one could review the past more tenderly. It was soon
perceived, however, that he became less reserved in his conduct,
and less severe in his judgments towards the neighbours, as his
friendship with lady F—— ripened. By the time he got to call her “my
dear,” he had grown so familiar with one and another as to express
his admiration of her. It was a pretty sight, he observed, to see her
out riding with a train of noble guests about her, and a pleasant thing
to hear that she was the gayest and fairest at all the lordly festivals in
the country round; but it did an old man’s heart good to have her
come and watch the opening of graves, in which she never forgot
that the young and graceful are often laid before the old and weary.
She ever kept herself in mind of this, by coming as she did, to mourn
at every funeral. It was not idle curiosity, as some people might think.
There was her face to read her thoughts in; and where were
thoughts ever written plainer? Let the train behind the coffin be as
long as it might, there was not a face more serious, there were not
any tears more ready than hers. The very children that used to be
sporting upon the graves at such times, had learned to be quiet
without her even holding up her finger. Who should dig his grave, the
old man did not know; but he prayed his hour might come when the
lady should be at the hall. She would see him laid under the sod, he
was sure; and perhaps, at the moment, some things might come into
her mind that they had said together at times when things are said
that are worth remembering.
Chapter VII.
ONE FOR HIMSELF.
Lord and lady F—— found, as all people find, that drawbacks and
trials attend the most exact fulfilment of wishes. Lord F—— had
power, was conscious of usefulness, and was therefore freed from
the discontent with himself and his position which had tormented him
from his college days till now; but new trials came with office. Not
only toil, perplexity, and difficulty, but the relinquishment of pursuits
which he loved, and the deprivation of much of his wife’s society.
She felt this deprivation yet more. It was painful to know that he was
in his study, and to be obliged to spend three-fourths of the day
alone; but she had also to bear to have him called away suddenly,
and to be disappointed of his return day after day.
On one occasion, some weeks after they settled themselves at
Weston,—this happened while their abode was full of guests, among
whom were the earl and lady Frances. Lord F—— was called to
town,—believed he might have to go farther,—could not tell how
soon he should be able to return. The first two days passed heavily
away,—not to the guests, who enlivened the country round with their
outdoor sports, and the rumours that went abroad of their indoor
revelry,—but to the wife who was far more busy watching for Henry’s
return than playing the hostess, gracefully as she filled her office.
The happiest part of her day was when shut in with her father-in-law
in the library, or reading in her boudoir, or taking her solitary morning
walk when her guests were dispersed whithersoever their pleasures
led them.
One day, about noon, having watched for the cessation of a heavy
shower, she went out with the first returning sunbeams, and took her
way towards the ruin, with her sketch-book in her hand, as usual.
She was quite alone, this being the hour for Thérèse to go to her
priest, and Letitia not caring to be attended by any one with whom
she could not converse. The grass was too wet to allow her to sit
down to sketch, and the place too beautiful, glowing in the mellow
light of an October noon, to allow her to wander elsewhere in search
of a subject for her pencil. She seated herself on a stone in a
sheltered corner of the ruin, and began, while studying the
perspective of an arch, to take notice of the trilling of a thrush which
was hid among the ivy. As often as the bird ceased, she mimicked its
note, to incite it to begin again; and with such success, that the bird
and the lady were presently engaged in a very noisy and merry duet,
answering, following one another, out-trilling each other, till the nook
rang again. In the midst of this, Letitia suddenly stopped, fancying
she saw a slow-moving shadow among the ivy at some distance.
She sprung up, and looking through the arch, saw that some one
was leaning on the sun-dial, with his face buried in his hands. She
retreated, without another look, further into the recess where she
had been sitting, believing the stranger more likely to think himself
unobserved than if she were to show herself in the open space
round the ruin. Hearing no sound of footsteps near, she hoped, after
a few minutes, that he was gone, and began to draw; but, before
long, she perceived that he was leaning against the wall at some
distance, and gazing fixedly at her. The moment she saw his face,
she knew him, though he stood within the shadow.
“Mr. Waldie!” she exclaimed, “what brings you here?”
He approached, and sat on the ground at her feet, without
answering.
“What brings you here?” repeated Letitia, in her quietest tone,
perplexed by the expression of his countenance.
“Indeed, I scarcely know. I can get no rest. I felt I must go
somewhere, so I came here. I thought I should find you; and it was
just what I wished, to meet you without going to the house.”
“Maria—the children—are they well, or has anything happened?”
“All well yet: but something will happen soon. Letitia, I am on the
verge of ruin.”
“I thought as much. Then why are you here? Lord F—— is absent,
and I cannot help you. Away and be doing, Mr. Waldie! Do you quit
your home, and saunter about here, when you are on the verge of
ruin? Is this wise? Is this manly?”
“I cannot conceive what made me come,” cried Waldie, starting up.
“But I suppose it was because I was afraid to stay where I was. O
Letitia, tell me what to do, for my head is so confused, I can devise
nothing;—go with me and I will hasten home!”
“What are your difficulties? What way of escape is there? Tell me
all, or I will advise nothing.”
“Tell you all! When have I not done so? Do not you——are not you
——have not you always....”
“Tell me the whole, brother, as you would tell your wife; or hasten
back, and save her if there be yet time.”
With more distinctness than Letitia had hoped, Waldie explained to
her that he had been engaged in several speculations, all of which,
except one, the largest, and still undecided, had turned out badly.
Upon this one, everything now depended; and its only chance of
success rested upon several thousand pounds being raised within
two days. He had bought up the whole of certain kinds of India
spices which had yet arrived in the market; another cargo, the last of
the season, was daily expected to arrive; and upon its purchase
depended the price of the commodity, and the returns to the capital
he had invested in it. This was no time for reproaching him with the
folly of such a speculation, or his weakness in wandering down into
the country, and leaving his fate to be decided by chance. His credit,
he declared, was exhausted; he had no further securities to offer; he
did not know which way to turn himself; and so he had left the whole
affair behind him. “O for lord F——!” thought Letitia: but she did not
even know where he was this day and would be the next; and the
post which was to tell her would not arrive till the evening. She
suggested all the ways she could think of to raise money; some of
which were received with a melancholy smile, some with a painful
laugh. Confused as Waldie seemed to be, he admitted clearly and
repeatedly that if furnished with securities for the amount required by
noon the next day, he had great hope of being able to obtain it at
more or less cost. This decided Letitia what to do. She made distinct
memoranda of the particulars, promising that they should be
communicated to no more than one adviser; she desired Waldie to
hasten back to town, without a moment’s delay, in order to
commence the negotiation for funds, and promised that some one
from her should meet him at his office in town at two o’clock the next
day, with the necessary securities, if they could be obtained, and
with news of failure if they could not. She did not tell him that she
meant to go herself; but the hope of obtaining her husband’s
assistance, and the conviction that Maria must stand in need of her
support, determined her to undertake the journey. Having, by dint of
peremptoriness, got rid of Waldie, she walked rapidly towards the
house, gave her orders to Thérèse to prepare for their journey, and
to the housekeeper to provide for the comfort of her guests during
the three days of her absence; desired the carriage to take her up at
the east gate in twenty minutes, and proceeded to seek the earl in
that part of the grounds towards which he was seen last to wander.
She found him reading the newspaper in the sun, ready to welcome
her as he saw her approach, but struck silent when he observed the
expression of anxiety in her flushed countenance. She rapidly
charged him with her apologies for leaving home so suddenly and
strangely, and begged to depute her office of hostess to lady
Frances. She then inquired, to the astonishment of the earl, how she
might best obtain legal advice in a hurry, if it should be necessary,
and whether the earl could put her in the way of obtaining securities
for the required amount within a few hours. On her promise to take
no step without the advice of her husband or of the lawyer to whom
he would give her an introduction, the earl furnished her with some
valuable information, wondering all the while what sudden fancy had
possessed her; for he had no idea that she could have seen any
one, or received any letter, since they parted in the breakfast-room
an hour before.
“Time was,” said she, while the earl wrote a few lines to his lawyer,
“when I could have raised this money by pledging my own exertions.
Now, not all my jewels,—not all my resources of every kind will avail
me so well as three months of my old profession would do. It is well
Henry has gained power; for I have lost much.”
“Take care you are not tempted to resume it,” replied the earl,
smiling. “You want money, and the way to get it is open. If you are
tempted, remember how it would dismay Henry at his breakfast-table
to see the announcement of lady F——’s reappearance. Remember
that though we talked of the peerage taking up the profession of the
fine arts, that day is not come yet;—nor will it have arrived by the

PDF Test Bank For Complete A Guide To It Hardware and Software Aa Comptia A Core 1 220 1001 Comptia A Core 2 220 1002 Textbook 8Th Edition Cheryl A Schmidt 13 Online Ebook Full Chapter

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

You might also like

PDF Test Bank For Complete A Guide To It Hardware and Software Aa Comptia A Core 1 220 1001 Comptia A Core 2 220 1002 Textbook 8Th Edition Cheryl A Schmidt 13 Online Ebook Full Chapter

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

PDF Test Bank For Complete A Guide To It Hardware and Software Aa Comptia A Core 1 220 1001 Comptia A Core 2 220 1002 Textbook 8Th Edition Cheryl A Schmidt 13 Online Ebook Full Chapter

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT

Hardware and Software: AA CompTIA

Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and

Complete CompTIA A+ Guide to PCs 6th Edition Schmidt

Test Bank For A+ Guide to IT Technical Support

Test Bank for CompTIA A+ Guide to IT Technical Support,

Test Bank for Microbiology A Clinical Approach, 2nd

Test Bank for CompTIA Security+ Guide to Network

Test Bank for West’s CompTIA Cloud+ Guide to Cloud

Test Bank for CompTIA Security+ Guide to Network

Test Bank for Complete A+ Guide to IT Hardware and

To download the complete and accurate content document, go to:

Visit TestBankBell.com to get complete for all chapters

Copyright © 2020 by Pearson Education, Inc.

Page 1 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

1) A GPT partition is required to install Windows 8 or 10.

2) Windows 8 Professional supports RAID 1.

3) The HPA commonly holds a copy of the BIOS.

4) A hybrid drive is a combination of hard drive and optical drive.

6) A GPT is used on 64-bit Windows operating systems.

7) GPT partitioning is done through the Device Manager tool.

Page 2 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

14) One hard disk metal plate is called a cylinder.

17) A spanned volume requires a minimum of three hard drives.

18) A striped volume requires a minimum of two hard drives.

21) The ATA standard is associated with the SCSI interface.

Page 3 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

27) SATA supports internal and external devices.

28) A high-pitched whining sound is a common sound for a hard drive.

30) PATA drives are set up using master/slave/cable select jumpers.

31) The DBR contains the system files.

Page 4 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

36) An SSD normally requires a special driver in Windows Vista, 7, 8, or 10.

38) Older IDE standards are serial architectures.

48) FAT32 supports disk compression.

51) It is common to use hard drive space as RAM.

Page 6 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

2) The amount of data a disk is capable of storing is called

Page 7 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

7) When a disk has been prepared to store data, it has been

9) What type of storage device is the most reliable?

10) Where would you go to enable a SATA port?

Page 8 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

12) Which RAID level does NOT provide reliability?

14) The smallest division on a hard disk is a .

Page 9 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

17) Where would a technician use the bootrec command?

19) In a hard drive, a contains multiple .

20) Which of the following is NOT a common type of storage device?

21) What is the difference between PATA and SATA?

Page 10 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

26) What causes a drive to make a loud clicking noise?

Page 11 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

37) What is the maximum length for a SATA cable?

48) Which statement about SATA is true?

Page 15 of 36 Chapter 7 TestBank for Complete

51) To what does FAT refer when speaking of hard drives?

53) Which of the following has the largest storage capacity?