Science, Technology, And Nation-Building

Timeline
1565 Pre-colonial period
1946 Colonial Period
1965 Post-colonial Period

BRIEF HISTORY BACKGROUND OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES

PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD
● Farming, animal-raising, fishing, mining & weaving were their first
livelihood
● Use in writing, numerical, measurement & calendar system to facilitate
trading
● Use plants and herbs as medicines
● Banaue Rice Terraces because of techniques developed by the Filipinos
● Technology is used by people in building houses, irrigations, and in
developing tools that they can use in everyday life.
● They developed tools for planting, hunting, cooking, and fishing;
- for fighting their enemies during war or tribal conflicts;
- and for transportation, both on land and on waterways.
● They also developed technologies in creating musical instruments.
● In metal age, sophisticated designs of gold and silver jewelry, ceramics,
and metal tools proved that their technological ideas helped in the
development of different tools.

COLONIAL PERIOD: Spanish Colonization

● Established formal education and launching of scientific organization
● Mandate schools to teach different subjects
● Medicine & Biology were taught
● Engineering was introduced to construct buildings
● Innovative approaches in farming

COLONIAL PERIOD: American Colonization

● Modernized all aspect of life
● Established Bureau of Science
● National Research Council of the Philippines in 1933
● Science & Tech. focused on Agriculture, Medicine & Pharmacy, Food
processing and Forestry
COLONIAL PERIOD: Japanese Colonization
● Opening of elementary schools
● Re-opening of Agriculture, Medicine, Fisheries and Engineering
● Filipinos are engage in food and medicine for aiding soldiers

POST-COLONIAL PERIOD
Philippine Presidents’ contribution to the development of Science and Technology

FERDINAND MARCOS
● Science & Technology development was emphasized
● Mandated the DECS now DepEd to promote science
● 35-hectares Philippine Science Community now a site of DOST
● Philippine Coconut Research Institute (PHILCORIN)
● Established NFA PAGASA & National Science and Technology Authority
(NSTA)
● Philippine Science HS Mindanao & Visayas were established

CORAZON AQUINO
● National Science and Technology Authority (NSTA) renamed as DOST
● Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration
● Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology
● Philippine Science High School System
● Science and Technology Information Institute
● Science Education Institute
● Technology Application and Promotion Institute
● Technology Resource Center

FIDEL RAMOS
● Produce 3,000 competent scientists and engineering
● Doctors to the Barrio program
● National Program for Gifted Filipino Children in Science and Technology
● Mandated
- RA 7687 – S&T Scholarship Act of 1994
- RA 7459 – Inventors & Inventions Incentives Act
- RA 8298 – The Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

JOSEPH EJERCITO ESTRADA

● RA 8749 The Philippine Clean Air Act of 1999
● RA 8792 Electronic Commerce Act of 2000
● Implementing cost-effective irrigation technologies
 ● Basic Health care services

GLORIA ARROYO
● Strengthen the education system to address poverty
● Filipinnovation
● RA 9367 Biofuel Act
● High breed rice
● RA 10601 Agriculture & Fisheries Mechanizations Law

BENIGNO AQUINO
● During his term, he named new National Scientist
- Gavino C. Trono, marine biologist
- Angel C. Alcala, marine biologist
- Ramon C. Barba, horticulture
- Edgardo D. Gomez, marine biology
● Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards
● Initiated K-12 Curriculum STEM
● Valley Fault System Atlas

FAMOUS FILIPINOS IN THE FIELD OF SCIENCE

10 OUTSTANDING FILIPINO SCIENTISTS

Lee Chua (2000) identified 10 outstanding Filipino scientists who have
made significant contributions in Philippine science. These scientists are also
famous abroad.
1. RAMON CABANOS BARBA - FOR HIS OUTSTANDING RESEARCH ON TISSUE
CULTURE IN PHILIPPINE MANGOES
2. JOSEFINO CACAS COMISO - FOR HIS WORKS ON OBSERVING THE
CHARACTERISTICS OF ANTARCTICA BY USING SATELLITE IMAGES
3. JOSE BEJAR CRUZ JR. - KNOWN INTERNATIONALLY IN THE FIELD OF
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING; WAS ELECTED AS OFFICER OF THE FAMOUS
INSTITUTE OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING
4. LOURDES JANSUY CRUZ - NOTABLE FOR HER RESEARCH ON SEA SNAIL
VENOM
5. FABIAN MILLAR DAYRIT - FOR HIS RESEARCH ON HERBAL MEDICINE
6. RAFAEL DINEROS GUERRERO III - FOR HIS RESEARCH ON TILAPIA CULTURE
7. ENRIQUE MAPUA OSTREA JR. - FOR INVENTING THE MECONIUM DRUGS
TESTING
8. LILIAN FORMALEJO PATENA - FOR DOING RESEARCH ON PLANT
TECHNOLOGY
9. MARI-JO PANGANIBAN RUIZ - FOR BEING AN OUTSTANDING EDUCATOR
AND GRAPH THEORIST
10. GREGORY LIGOT TANGONAN - FOR HIS RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF
COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY