Ma. Vee Ann Capillo

LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY DISCIPLINE ON OJT PERFORMANCE
A Research Study Presented to
The Faculty of School of Teacher Education
West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus
Janiuay, Iloilo
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree
Bachelor of Elementary Education
By:
Amaro, Llen Mae C.
Armada, Inna Thallieah A.
Capillo, Ma. Vee Ann S.
Casiple, Mary Caroline D.
Clemente, Shiela Rose B.
2023
West Visayas State University
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School of Teacher Education
Janiuay, Iloilo, Philippines
APPROVAL SHEET
The thesis attached here is entitled “Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline
on OJT Performance” prepared by Llen Mae C. Amaro, Inna Thallieah A. Armada, Ma.
Vee Ann S. Capillo, Mary Caroline D. Casiple and Shiela Rose B. Clemente in partial
fulfillment of the requirements of the course EED 204 Teaching in Research is hereby
accepted.
Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research.
MA. AGNES H. CALLANTA, Ed. D. LOLITA MANAJERO, Ed. D.

Research Adviser Panel Member
NOEL A. INSULAR, Ed. D.

Panel Member/ Course Facilitator
NANCY A. ARELLANO, Ed. D

SOTE Director
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
This research study would not have been made possible without the support and
assistance extended by the following persons:
Dr. Guiller P. Pendon, Campus Administrator for his approval in pursuit of this
study;
Dr. Ma. Agnes H. Callanta, research adviser and Dr. Noel A. Insular, course
facilitator in the course EED 204-Teaching Research, for their untiring support and
guidance, and invaluable suggestions;
Dr. Lolita Manejero and Dr. Nancy A. Arellano, research panel, for the words of
encouragement, and suggestions to the study.
The validators for validating the instruments and suggestions to the study. The
respondents who spared their time and efforts in answering the survey questionnaires
and sharing their experiences.
The researchers’ parents, who gave their full support in terms of financial, moral
and spiritual needs.
Above all, God almighty, who showered the researchers with spiritual strength,
grace, wisdom, divine blessings and good health.
The Researchers
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Amaro, L.M.C., Armada, I.T.A., Capillo, M.V.A.S., Casiple, M.C.D., Clemente, S.R.B:
“Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performance” Unpublished
Undergraduate Research Paper Bachelor of Elementary Education, West Visayas State
University- Janiuay Campus, Janiuay, Iloilo, January 2023.
Abstract
This descriptive study aimed to determine the student’s experiences on the Level of
Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performances of West Visayas State
University-Janiuay Campus Academic Year 2023-2024. The respondents of the study
were the randomly selected 185 college students who were grouped by sex and courses.
The instrument used in gathering the data was the questionnaire-checklist. The study
employed the mean and standard deviation were utilized as descriptive statistics while t-
test and ANNOVA was employed as inferential statistical tools. Result revealed that
generally when taken as an entire group the level of importance of laboratory discipline
was very high when classified as to sex, male was high while female was very high in
the level of importance of laboratory discipline. When classified as to course, the BSHM
was very high while BSIT and BSICT high on the importance of laboratory discipline. For
inferential statistics there was no significant difference in the level of importance of
laboratory discipline on OJT performance when classified as to course.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Pages
Preliminaries
Title Page i
Approval Sheet ii
Acknowledgement iii
Abstract iv
Table of Contents v
List of Tables vii
List of Figure viii
List of Appendices ix
Chapter
1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1
Background of the Study 2
Theoretical Framework of the Study and the Paradigm 4
Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis 7
Definition of Term 8
Significant of the Study 9
Scope and Delimitation of the Study 10
2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11
3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 18

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Research Design 19
Respondents of the Study 19
Data Gathering Instruments 19
Data Gathering Procedure 20
Statistical Data Analysis 21
4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 22
Descriptive Statistics 23
Inferential Statistics 25
5 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS
AND RECOMMENDATIONS 27
Summary 27
Findings 28
Conclusions 28
Recommendations 29
REFERENCES 30
APPENDICES 35
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List of Tables
Table Pages
1 Profile of Respondents 23
2 t-Test Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory
Discipline on OJT Performance to Sex 24
3 ANOVA Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory
Discipline on OJT Performance according to Course 25

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List of Figure
Figure Page
1 The Schematic Diagram Showing the Relationship Between
the Independent and the Dependent Variable 6

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List of Appendices
Appendix Pages
A Letter to the Campus Administrator 34
B Letter to the Respondents 35
C Letter for Validator 36
D Research Instruments 37
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CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
This chapter is divided into six parts: (1) Background of the Study; (2) Statement of the
Problem and Hypotheses; (3) Significance of the Study; (4) Definition of Terms; and
(5) Delimitation of the Study.
Part One, Background of the Study, presents the introduction and information
about the study, the importance, and the validity of the chosen topic.
Part Two, Statement of the Problem and the Hypotheses, indicates the purpose
of the investigation generally and specifically using both descriptive and inferential
question.
Part Three, Significance of the study, presents the beneficiaries of the study, as
well as the benefits derived from the results of the study.
Part Four, Definition of Terms, alphabetically cites and defines essential words
or terms used in the study for the purpose of clarity and understanding.
Part Five, Delimitation of the study, gives the brief and concise scope or
boundaries of the study.

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Background of the Study
Laboratory discipline refers to the rules, procedures, and guidelines students
are expected to follow while working in a laboratory setting. It includes safety,
equipment uses, experimental procedures, record keeping, cleanliness, organization,
respect for others, time management, ethical considerations, communication, and
follow-up. Safety protocols include wearing appropriate gear, handling chemicals and
equipment responsibly, and being aware of emergency procedures. Proper
documentation of experimental procedures, observations, and results is crucial for
obtaining reliable results. Cleanliness and organization are essential for safety and
efficiency. Respect for others, effective time management, ethical considerations, and
effective communication are also crucial. Following up on findings involves adhering to
specific formatting and reporting guidelines. Laboratory discipline is essential for
academic success and the safety and integrity of scientific research. (wvdhhr.org, 2018)
Laboratory discipline is crucial for maintaining safety, integrity, and efficiency in
scientific work. Common issues include safety violations, equipment misuse, plagiarism,
data falsification, lack of preparation, disorganization, poor time management,
communication issues, inadequate record keeping, ethical dilemmas, and resource
management. These issues can lead to accidents, injuries, and potential harm to the
scientific process. To address these issues, educators should provide proper training,
emphasize the importance of laboratory discipline, and enforce rules and ethics.
Encouraging a culture of safety, ethics, and responsible conduct is essential for

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developing the skills and habits necessary for successful scientific work. Addressing
issues promptly and providing consequences for violations can help maintain discipline in
the laboratory.
On-the-Job Training (OJT) Performance is an assessment of an individual's ability
to acquire and apply new skills and knowledge in a real work environment. Key aspects
of OJT performance include skill acquisition, learning curve, knowledge application,
productivity, quality of work, feedback and adaptation, safety, and problem-solving. It
measures an individual's ability to adapt to job demands, meet performance goals, and
meet quality standards. OJT performance is crucial for both the individual and the
organization providing the training, as it helps determine the effectiveness of the
training program and whether the individual is progressing in their job performance.
Regular evaluations may lead to adjustments in training methods, additional support, or
changes in the training program.
Discipline in the laboratory involves following instructions, maintaining cleanliness,
and respecting the equipment and materials used. It also includes being punctual,
attentive, and focused during experiments. These qualities are essential for a successful
OJT experience as they contribute to the accuracy and reliability of the data collected.
Furthermore, laboratory discipline instills a sense of responsibility and
professionalism in students. It teaches them the importance of following rules and
regulations, which are essential in any professional setting. By practicing discipline in
the laboratory, students develop good work habits that will benefit them throughout
their careers.
Laboratory discipline is of utmost importance in ensuring the success of

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students during their OJT. It not only contributes to the accuracy and reliability of the
experiments conducted but also instills valuable qualities that will benefit students in
their future professional endeavors.
Theoretical Framework
Albert Bandura's Social Learning Theory suggests that individuals learn through
observing, imitating, and modeling others' behavior, known as vicarious learning. It
emphasizes cognitive processes, beliefs, and expectations, and the link between
behavior and consequences (Simply Psychology, 2023).
Discipline is a set of principles and ideas that guide the practice of maintaining
control, order, and self-regulation in various aspects of life, including personal behavior,
education, and organizational management. Key theories include behaviorism, self-
discipline, social learning, punishment and reward, humanistic theory, educational
discipline, organizational discipline, criminal justice and legal discipline, and parenting
and child discipline. Behaviorism suggests the use of positive and negative
reinforcement to shape behavior, while self-discipline emphasizes the development of
self-control and self-regulation. Social learning theory suggests that individuals learn
appropriate behaviors by observing others and the consequences of their actions.
Punishment and reward theory suggests that people are more likely to repeat rewarded
behaviors and avoid punished ones. Humanistic theory emphasizes personal growth
and self-actualization. Effective discipline often strikes a balance between maintaining
order and promoting positive development.

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On-the-Job Training (OJT) is a practical approach to skill development and
performance improvement, focusing on learning by doing. Performance theories can be
applied to OJT to improve the learning process and maximize skill development.
Behaviorism, cognitive learning theory, social learning theory, constructivism,
experiential learning theory, performance feedback, motivation theories, transfer of
learning theory, performance support tools, and assessment and evaluation are some
of the principles that can be applied to OJT. Behaviorism emphasizes observable
behaviors and reinforcement, while cognitive learning theory emphasizes mental
processes and problem-solving. Social learning theory suggests that individuals learn
through observation and interaction with others. Constructivism encourages active
construction of knowledge by learners, while experiential learning theory suggests a
cycle of concrete experiences, reflective observation, abstract conceptualization, and
active experimentation. Performance feedback is essential, and motivation theories can
be applied to tailor training experiences to align with individual motivations. Transfer of
learning theory emphasizes the application of skills from training to the actual job.
Performance support tools can assist learners in applying skills on the job.
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Conceptual Framework
This study dealt with the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT
performance of selected BSIT, BSHM, and BSICT students for school year 2023-2024.
Paradigm of the Study
Independent Variables Intervening Variable Dependent Variables
SEX
Male
Female Laboratory Discipline OJT Performance
COURSE
BSICT
BSIT
BSHM
Figure 1:
As shown on the table above, the independent variables were sex and the
school, the dependent variable was OJT Performance. In between was the intervening
variable which was laboratory discipline.

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Statement of the Problem
This study aimed to determine the level of importance of Laboratory discipline on
OJT Performance.
Specifically, this study sought answer to the following questions:
1. What is the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT Performance
when taken as an entire group and when classified as to sex and course?
2. Is there any significant difference in the level of importance of laboratory
discipline on OJT Performance when classified as to sex and course?
Hypothesis
Based on the aforementioned problems, the given hypothesis was advanced.
1. There is no significant difference in the level of importance of laboratory
discipline on OJT performance when classified as to sex and course.

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Definition of Terms
For purposes of clarity and understanding, the following terms were given their
conceptual and operational definitions:
On-the-Job Training (OJT)- is a type of training that is provided at the workplace. It
helps students get direct experience in using tools, software, techniques, or equipment
used in a live environment (Training magazines, 2023).
In this study, OJT means training in the public or private institution that provide
knowledge and skills.
Laboratory Discipline - refers to a set of rules and protocols that are followed in
laboratory setting. ( Deepak, 2018 )
In this study, laboratory discipline means maintaining a clean and organized
work environment, handling tools and equipment safely, adhering to ethical conduct,
and practicing proper record-keeping.
Performance - It is an assessment which is a measure of the students’ ability to apply
the skills and knowledge learned from a unit or units of study. Typically, the task
challenges students to use their higher-order thinking skills to create a product or
complete a process (Chun, 2010).
In this study, performance refers to the activity or task given in the laboratory
room.
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Significance of the Study
The group of people who will benefit from the result of this study:
Laboratory Teachers. This study serves as springboard in reawakening to ensure
and maintain laboratory classroom discipline especially to provide male students with
helpful ideas and discipline.
Department. This study serves as to the rules and strategies applied in
department to manage student behavior and practices used to encourage self-discipline.
Administration. This study serves as guide to administrator to revisit and take
initiative in enhancing the laboratory policies and guidelines to include explicit
components that promotes and assess laboratory discipline.
Students. This study aims to train students’ minds, make them aware of right and
wrong, and help them focus on goals, while also promoting classroom discipline.
Future Researchers. The result of this research may serve as reference for further
studies.
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Delimitation of the Study
The descriptive study focused on the level of importance of laboratory discipline
on OJT performance. It aimed to find out if there is a significant difference in the level
of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT Performance of BSIT, BSHM, and BSICT, at
West Visayas State University- Janiuay Campus for S.Y. 2023-2024.
The respondents of this study were 185 randomly of BSIT, BSHM, and BSICT at
West Visayas State University- Janiuay Campus. They were asked to answer a checklist
which would determine the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT
performance.
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CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
This chapter presents the review of related studies and consists of 3 parts (1)
History of Discipline, (2) Local Literature about On-The-Job Training, and (3) Importance
of having On-The-Job Training.
History of Discipline
The term ‘discipline’ comes from the word ‘discipulus’ in Latin which means
teaching and learning. The term has the essence of control in it and means “to teach
someone to obey rules and control their behavior or to punish someone in order to keep
order and control” (Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, 2020, p. 443); and
thus it is mostly connoted with punishment in case of disobedience. Punitive strategies
such as detention are used in schools based on “the premise that isolation gives the
perpetrator time to reflect on what happened, realize the error of his or her ways, and
return to the same situation but with a change of behavior and attitude” (Pane, 2019).
According to Riversideprep.org (2021) Discipline in school is vital to helping students
achieve strong academic gains, yet this is one area where many schools fall short. When
it comes to schools keeping students on-task and safe, discipline is a key component.
Effective school discipline practices help students make wise decisions and stay focused
on their studies
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Local Literature about On-The-Job Training
On-the-job training (OJT) program is one of the most influential programs in
higher education and has been an integral part of the educational system in the
Philippines specifically in tertiary and senior high school levels but not in the secondary
level. The students obtained an average rating in their academic performance. However,
other factors which affect their class standing such as time conflict between classes and
OJT schedule were revealed. Thus, it is recommended to re calibrate the existing OJT
policy and guidelines to enable the future students become well-trained and motivated in
achieving excellent performances both in the field and academically.
In a world where advanced technology and globalization are deemed to be
necessities, immense training programs for future employees is an important factor for the
business industry to proliferate. A 2015 review by Surbhi found out that the main reason
of the conduct of employee training is to develop knowledge and skills of employees
based on the requirements of the job and at the same time, eliminate performance
problems (El Hajjar & Alkhanaizi, 2018). Through on-the-job training (OJT), employees
can be more productive, can make more efficient use of capital and machinery, and can
have a positive effect on the performance of the peers (Veloza, Rosas, & Flores, 2016).
In the field of cooperative education and internship, OJT of students, a pre-
professional instructing has originated in the academic departments (Bechtel, as cited in
Mendis & Arachchige, 2015). On the other hand, OJT improves students’ learning
retention since their work experience helps strengthen recall the information compared to
classroom learning (Kapadia, 2014; Serrano, 2017).
In the Philippines, OJT has been one of the mechanics of Higher Education to
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develop the required competencies of its graduates. The goals and objectives of OJT
served as guides in developing the needed competencies for finding a particular job, and
translating the training into a profitable working experience (Ylagan,2013). OJT training
requires students to demonstrate their specific skills that are connected to their field of
specialization which can be essential considered as essential application to their future
work environment (Bernardo, Landicho, & Laguador, 2014). When K+12 curriculum was
introduced in the country, the Department of Education (DepEd) announced that work
experience will be given to senior high school students in the Grade 12 level which aims to
teach high students specialized skills as well as holistic development that is outcomes-
based to make Filipino high school graduates employable (GMA News Online, “DepEd
Chief: Highs School Students to undergo OJT under Proposed K+12”, 2011, p.1). Thus,
OJT program which is commonly designed as the culminating activity of undergraduates in
the country, was officially became part of the senior high school curriculum.
On the other hand, very few secondary schools are known to conduct OJT
program for Grade 10- or fourth-year high school students with an average age of sixteen
(16). In most cases, only laboratory schools in the country conduct OJT program for their
graduating students. In the case of Polytechnic University of the Philippines Laboratory
High School (PUPLHS), since the curriculum is defined as business curriculum where major
subjects namely: Bookkeeping, Entrepreneurship, and Office Technology, are offered as
early as Grade 9, the graduating students are expected to accomplish 150 hours of OJT
on the last two (2) grading periods of the academic year. The aim of the program is to
apply the knowledge they gained from their classes and be exposed on the field of their
interest which will hone their skills for their future endeavors. Memorandum of
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Agreement, Consent forms, and medical clearance are some of the documentary
requirements before entering the said program to secure the safety of the high school
students. Given the fact that OJT program has been also offered in the junior high school
level, it must be given importance as it plays critical role in the students’ education
experience.
Importance of having On-The-Job Training
According to Larios 2013, one of the success stories that may contribute
considerably to the overall efficacy of the curriculum created and implemented by
stakeholders from different sector representation is students' performance in their
individual on-the-job training (OJT). Students were placed in various businesses to gain
knowledge, skills, attitudes, and true job experience that would help them to be more
competitive upon completion of training and serve as input for future employment in their
chosen field.
According to Ylagan 2013, On-the-Job Training (OJT) is one of the mechanisms
used by the higher education business to enhance the necessary capabilities of its
graduates. Its aims and objectives acted as a guide in building the necessary abilities for a
specific profession and converting the training into a profitable working experience. The
internship is the capstone academic experience for human service students as well as
students from several disciplines enrolled in two and four-year academic programs. An
internship combines classroom learning with real job experience and can last anywhere
from three months to a year. Allowing graduating students to apply what they have
studied in books in a work setting through On-the-Job Training would help them acquire
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the work values and attitudes required to produce efficient and successful leaders and
professionals in cross-cultural and transdisciplinary endeavors.
Laguador and Dotong 2010, state that the students' loyalty to their teachers aided
them in developing a strong character of complying with the expectations and demands of
their immediate superiors. Another mind-set that allowed them to prove that they are
truly competent for the role was their inventiveness and innovativeness, which helped
them stand out among employees who had the essential abilities but never found their
talents, cleverness, creativity and resourcefulness. When learning on the job, learners and
teachers work together and develop a sense that they are pursuing the same goal.
Employees are no longer merely given training; they are urged to engage in it as well.
Employees can offer timely feedback on what they don't understand and provide
suggestions to improve classes and processes.
Employees can offer timely feedback on what they don't understand and provide
suggestions to improve classes and processes. Students who receive on-the-job training
can learn to be adaptable to change. For example, manufacturers routinely make
enhancements and updates and may opt not to support earlier versions of equipment.
Similarly, production processes alter based on a variety of operational circumstances. OJT
allows training to be easily adjusted to reflect an employer's specific equipment, as well as
changes and activities unique to a company's culture. On-the-job training is one of the
oldest systematic techniques of educating and equipping employees on a variety of skills
for improved and more enjoyable job performance. Training occurs inside the employee's
typical work setting and may occur while he or she is performing their actual task. It
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might also happen elsewhere in the workplace, such as in designated training rooms,
workstations, or equipment.
On-the-job training (OJT) is part of the tertiary curriculum which connects the gap
between theory and practice as well as between classroom education and real industry life
presenting a more precious learning experience that improves the importance of the
academic program and form the view of personal and social usefulness (Batool, Ellahi, and
Masood, 2012). It is the most effective method to develop the competence and skills of
the students through hand-on training as it exposes them to the different fields and
consequently, learned. It also allows students to become familiar and made known with
the actual operation of the business and state-of-the-art of the facilities, equipment and
technology used (Taladtad, Bala, Rodelas, 2010).
The on-the-job training (OJT) programs is significant, not only for students, but for
teachers and employers as well. In the academe, on-the-job training improves the
learning retention since the in-situ experience helps strengthen recall of information in a
way that classroom learning cannot (Holloway, as cited by Kapadia, 2014). It helps
instructors see how their lessons work in practice, fine-tune it, and field-test the ideas and
techniques they teach which leads not only to better teaching, but also to better
processes (Kapadia, 2014). It is also well suited to customize training to the employer’s
specific needs, while creating career advancement opportunities for entry level workers
(Kobes, 2013). It offers many opportunities for development as trainees can learn as they
contribute to the aims of the enterprise (Koontz, 2007). Kolb et al. (2000) purported that
the development of a framework to scaffold an area of expertise requires authentic
experiences coupled with opportunities to reflect systematically on those experiences.

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Students must be provided with experiential learning, an active learning or learning by
doing, where students apply their theoretical, classroom knowledge though the “real
word” experience and application in the form of internship or practicum placement in
outside agencies (Hawtrey, 2007). Van Zollingen (2008) asserted that the students’ level
of achievement is significantly related to the on-the job training and what the students
learn from the classroom is what the students apply during OJT. While the school provides
related instruction and related skills, the role of industries is to sharpen the student’s
competencies. Hence, other than adapting and implementing the emergent outcomes-
based education by higher education institutions, the on-the-job training programs must
be given importance as it plays a critical role in bridging the job skills mismatch.
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CHAPTER III
RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
This chapter contains Two parts (1) Research Design, (2) Methodology which include
Respondents, Instruments, Data Collection Procedures and Statistical Data Analysis.
Part One, Research Design, explains the reasons for studying the topic and as
well as the research designs used;
Part Two, Methodology which include Respondents, Instruments, Procedures and
Statistical Data Analysis.

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Research Design
Considering the nature of this study and the statement of the problem, the
method of research used in this study is the descriptive design to determine the
importance of laboratory discipline. It also tried to find out if there was a significant
difference in the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT Performance.
Methods
Respondents of the Study
The respondents of this study were the 185 second-year students of BSIT, BSHM
and BSICT of West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus. The respondents were
grouped according to their sex and course. To select the sample, stratified sampling
method was used.
Data Gathering Instrument
In gathering data for this study, the researchers utilized survey checklist to
determine the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT performance of
students at West Visayas State University -Janiuay Campus. the checklist was subjected
to expert validation for correction and improvement. After considering the suggestions
and corrections, revision of the instrument was made.
The questionnaire checklist was composed of two parts. The first part dealt with
respondent’s profile, such as name, sex, and course. The second part was the 30-item
checklist which required the respondents to check the appropriate column corresponding
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their answer to the following Scale: Very High (5), High (4), Moderate (3), Low (2), and
Very Low (1). They were asked to choose the practices that they do.
In determining the result, an arbitrary skill was used with 5- point Likert Scale.
Scale of Mean Description
1.00 – 1.80 Very Low
1.81 – 2.60 Low
2.61 – 3.40 Moderate
3.41 – 4.20 High
4.21 – 5.00 Very High
Data Gathering Procedure
In the conduct of the study, 30-item questionnaires were used to gather relevant
data from the respondents. The researchers waited until the participants finished filling
out the checklist.
Upon the retrieval of the accomplished form, the researchers reviewed them for the
completeness of the data.
After all the data have been gathered, it was tabulated. With the help of
statistician, the results were tabulated and analysed using the appropriate statistical
instrument.
After the statistician treatment was made, the researchers came up with the
findings, conclusions and recommendations.

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Statistical Data Analysis Procedure
All the data gathered were interpreted by the following tests:
Mean was used to determine the importance of laboratory discipline on OJT
performance of selected BSIT, BSHM and BSICT when they were grouped according to
sex and course.
Standard Deviation was used to determine the dispersion of BSIT, BSHM and
BSICT students from the mean attained from different categories of the investigation.
ANOVA was used to determine the significant difference on the level of
importance of laboratory discipline on OJT performance of selected students of BSIT,
BSHM and BSICT.

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CHAPTER IV
Result and Discussion
This chapter presents the findings of the study. The results were presented into
two parts: (1) Descriptive Data Analysis and (2) Inferential Data Analysis.
Part One, Descriptive Data Analysis reports the descriptive data and their
respective analysis and interpretations.
Part Two, Inferential Data Analysis presents the inferential data and their
respective analysis and interpretations.
This study would like to find out the level of importance of laboratory discipline
on OJT performance taken as an entire group and when grouped as to sex and course.
The mean and standard deviation were utilized.

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Description Data Analysis
The initial findings revealed the level of importance of laboratory discipline on
OJT performance of 2nd year students of WVSU-JC for Academic Year 2022-2023. The
composite mean was computed as basis for interpretation.
Table 1 revealed that generally when taken as an entire group, the level of
importance of laboratory discipline (M=4.53, SD=.26) “very high”. When classified as to
sex, male (M= 4.35, Sd= .16) “high” while female (M= 4.67, Sd= .21). “very high”.
When classified as to course, for the BSHM “very high” (M= 4.45, Sd = .28) while BSIT
(M= 4.21, Sd= .22 and BSICT (M= 4.19, Sd= .18) “high” on the importance of
laboratory discipline.
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Table 1 Profile of Respondents
Category N Mean Description Sd.
Entire Group 185 4.53 Very High .26
Sex
Male 82 4.35 High .16
Female 103 4.67 Very High .21
Course
BSHM 64 4.75 Very High .29
BSIT 68 4.21 High .22
BSICT 53 4.19 High .18

Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performance When Taken as an
Entire Group and When Classified as to Sex and Course
Inferential Data Analysis

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The findings of the study revealed the differences on the extent of the level of
importance of laboratory discipline on OJT performance of WVSU-JC year 2022-2023.
The mean rank T- value and significant (2-tailed) were computed as basis for
interpretation.
Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performance
Table 2 result showed that the level of importance of laboratory discipline
towards OJT performance when grouped according to sex is not significant, for the male
(SD= .2.61, T= 0.458, Sig. = .326) and for the Female (Sd= .199, T= 0.458, sig.
= .325).
Table 2 t-Test Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory
Discipline on OJT Performance to Sex
SD t- Value Sig.(2tailed) Description
Sex
Male .2.61
0.458 .326 Not

Significant
Female .199
P< .05
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Table 3 showed the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT
performance. There was no significant difference in the level of importance of laboratory
discipline towards OJT performance when classified as to course between groups and
within groups using the (F=1.041) and (2-tailed) =.346. The results revealed that P<0.5
level of significant which means that there was no significant difference.
Table 3 ANNOVA Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory
Discipline on OJT Performance According to Course
Sum of S Mean S F Sig. (2 tailed)

Course Remarks
Between Groups .210 0.72
1.041 .346 Not

Significant
Within Groups 2. 153 0.54
Total 2. 363
P< .05
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CHAPTER V
Summary, Findings, Conclusion, & Recommendation
This chapter presents three parts: (1) Summary ;(2) Conclusions; and (3)
Recommendation.
Part One, Summary, reflects the salient points of the study and the findings. Part
Two, Conclusion, presents the generalizations drawn from the result of the study. Part
Three, Recommendations, offer some suggestions and recommendations based on the
results and conclusions.
Summary
This study aimed to determine the level of importance of laboratory discipline on
OJT performance at West Visayas State University -Janiuay Campus.
Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions:
1. What is the level of importance of laboratory discipline on OJT
Performance as an entire group and when classified as to sex and course?

JANIUAY CAMPUS
2. Is there any significant difference in the level of importance of
laboratory discipline on OJT Performance when classified as to sex and
course?
Findings
Result of the study showed the following findings:
1. When taken as entire group, the level of importance of laboratory
performance on their OJT was very high, yet when group as to sex, female was very
high than male. When they were classified according to courses, BSHM was very high
than BSIT and BSICT were high.
discipline on OJT Performance when classified as to sex and course.
Conclusion
Based on research findings, the following conclusions were drawn:
1. It can be concluded that the level of importance of laboratory discipline when
taken as to sex, female has higher level tend to demonstrate a notable ease in adhering
to established rules and protocols. Their commitment to following guidelines contributes
to a smooth and structured working environment. While male may display a propensity
JANIUAY CAMPUS
to disregard established rules, instruction and protocols. When taken as to course,
BSHM has higher level of discipline in the field. They are following strict rules and
protocols. However, BSIT and BSICT both had high level of discipline. Some individuals
within these field may not adhere strictly to established rules and protocols.
discipline on OJT performance when classified as to sex and course.
Recommendations
Based on the conclusions drawn from the findings of the study, the following
recommendations were presented:
1. The laboratory teacher should focus on developing clear and comprehensive
guidelines for laboratory discipline tailored to male students particularly, BSIT and BSICT
who are undergoing OJT, emphasizing the importance of discipline in conducting
experiments and adhering to safety protocols and work standards.
2. The students have to follow what instructions and directions given by their
laboratory teacher to foster effective learning, enabling students to make the most of
their OJT experience.
3. The department should focus in ensuring a uniform and high-quality training
experience for all students.
4. The administrator should initiate and visit policies and guidelines concerning
laboratory discipline.
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References
Batool, Ellahi, and Masood, (2012). Importance of Having On-The-Job Training: the
academic program and form the view of personal and social usefulness.
Bechtel, as cited in Mendis & Arachchige, (2015). Pre-professional instructing has
originated in the academic departments.
Bernardo, Landicho, & Laguador, (2014). OJT training requires students to demonstrate
their specific skills that are connected to their field of specialization.
El Hajjar & Alkhanaizi, (2018). Training is to develop knowledge and skills of employees
based on the requirements of the job.
GMA News Online, “DepEd Chief: Highs School Students to undergo OJT under Proposed
K+12”, 2011, p.1.

JANIUAY CAMPUS
Holloway, as cited by Kapadia, (2014). On-the-job training improves the learning
retention.
Ingram, D., & Parker, L. (2019). Impact of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Achievement: A
Longitudinal Study.
Johnson, M., & Adams, N. (2020). Investigating Laboratory Discipline's Influence on OJT
Outcomes.
Kobes, (2013). Creating career advancement opportunities for entry level workers.
Koontz, (2007). Development as trainees can learn as they contribute to the aims of the
enterprise.
Kelly, C., & Hughes, S. (2018). Implications of Laboratory Discipline in Predicting OJT
Success: A Case Study Analysis.
Kolb et al., (2000). Development of a framework to scaffold an area of expertise
requires authentic experiences coupled with opportunities to reflect
systematically on those experiences.
Kapadia, 2014; Serrano, (2017). Students’ learning retention since their work experience
helps strengthen recall the information compared to classroom learning.

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Lewis, D., & Taylor, P. (2021). Importance of Laboratory Discipline in Shaping OJT
Competence: A Comprehensive Review.
Mitchell, R., & Turner, A. (2019). Integration of Laboratory Discipline and OJT
Competency: A Cross-sectional Study.
Nelson, J., & Peterson, K. (2020). Impact of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performance:
Comparative Analysis.
Olson, B., & Garcia, M. (2018). Influence of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Preparation:
A Longitudinal Examination.
Patel, S., & Williams, R. (2021). Insights into Laboratory Discipline and OJT
Effectiveness: A Case Study Approach.
Quinn, L., & Turner, J. (2019). Impacts of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Achievement: A
Comparative Study.
Rodriguez, A., & Martinez, L. (2022). "Investigating the Importance of Laboratory
Discipline in OJT Performance: A Quantitative Analysis." Journal of Vocational
Behavior.
Surbhi, (2015). Important factor for the business industry to proliferate.

JANIUAY CAMPUS
Taladtad, Bala, Rodelas, (2010). Importance of Having On-The Job Training:
competence and skills of the students through hand-on training
Veloza, Rosas, & Flores, (2016). Positive effect on the performance of the peers.
Stevens, E., & Watson, H. (2018). "The Relationship Between Laboratory Discipline and
OJT Performance: A Comparative Analysis." Educational Psychology Review.
Turner, B., & Young, S. (2021). Laboratory Discipline and OJT Success: An Integrated
Approach. Journal of Applied Learning Sciences.
Underwood, C., & Zimmerman, D. (2019). Understanding the Relationship Between
Laboratory Discipline and OJT Performance: An Empirical Study.
Vargas, G., & Turner, P. (2020). Investigating the Impact of Laboratory Discipline on
OJT Competence: A Longitudinal Analysis.
Williams, H., & Davis, R. (2021). Integration of Laboratory Discipline and OJT Success:
A Comprehensive Examination.
Xavier, A., & Nguyen, Q. (2018). Examining the Interplay Between Laboratory
Discipline and OJT Achievement: A Longitudinal Perspective.

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Yang, L., & Brown, S. (2021). Importance of Laboratory Discipline in Shaping
OJT Outcomes: A Comparative Analysis.
Ylagan, (2013). OJT served as guides in developing the needed competencies for
finding a particular job.
Zhang, M., & Turner, J. (2020). Investigating the Nexus Between Laboratory
Discipline and OJT Performance
Appendix A
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Letter to the Campus Administrator
DR. GUILLER P. PENDON

Campus Administrator
Dear Sir,
Greetings!
We, the BEED IV-A students of West Visayas State University - Janiuay Campus are presently
conducting a study entitled " Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT performance”
in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor in Elementary Education.
In connection with this, we are asking permission from your good office to conduct a survey
among randomly selected education students on November 27, 2023, from 8:00-12:00 NN. The
proper protocol will be followed during the conduct of the survey. We are looking forward to a
positive response on this matter. Thank you very much!
Very truly yours.
(SGD) LLEN MAE C. AMARO
(SGD) INNA THALLIEAH A. ARMADA
(SGD) MA. VEE ANN S. CAPILLO
(SGD) MARY CAROLINE D. CASIPLE
(SGD) SHIELA ROSE B. CLEMENTE
Noted:
(SGD) MA. AGNES H. CALLANTA, Ed. D.

Research Adviser
(SGD) NANCY A. ARELLANO, Ed. D.

SOTE, Director
Approved:
(SGD) GUILLER P. PENDON, Ed. D.

Campus Administrator
Appendix B
Letter to the Respondents

JANIUAY CAMPUS
Dear Respondents,
Good Day!
We, the BEED - IV A students of West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus, are
presently conducting our thesis entitled, ”Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline
on OJT performance ” as a requirement in our subject Research in Teaching (EED 204).
In this connection, we would like to ask your support by answering the questionnaires.
Your favorable response will be highly appreciated.
Respectfully yours.

Noted:

Research Adviser
Appendix C
Letter to the Validators
December 06, 2023

JANIUAY CAMPUS
DR. NOEL A. INSULAR

Course Facilitator
WVSU-Janiuay Campus
We, the undersigned BEED IV A students of the West Visayas State University-
Janiuay Campus, are presently conducting our thesis entitled: “Level of Importance of
Laboratory Discipline on OJT performance “ as a requirement in our course, EED 204-
Research in Teaching.
In this connection, we would like to request your expertise to be our Validator on

our research instrument. Your comments, suggestions and your favorable response will
be highly appreciated.
Thank you very much!
Respectfully yours,

Noted:

Research Adviser
Approved:
(SGD) NOEL A. INSULAR, Ed. D.

JANIUAY CAMPUS
Appendix D
Research Instrument
PERSONAL INFORMATION:
Name (Optional):_________________________________ Sex: _________
Course: ________________
Direction: Put the check on the box that best describe to your answer.
SCALE:
5 - Very High
4 - High
3 - Moderate
2 - Low
1 - Very Low
ITEMS Descriptions
Very High High Moderate Low Very Low
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
Work Attitude
1. Shows interest and

enthusiasm in performing
his/her task and
responsibilities.
2.Shows exceptional sense of
duty and can always be
depended upon to do good
job.
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3.Cooperates willingly and fits

easily to the group.
Very High High Moderate Low Very Low
(5) (4) (3) (2) (1)
4.Always take initiative
5.I always discipline in training
6.Shows interest and

enthusiasm in performing
his/her task and
responsibilities.
7.I remain optimistic in
training makes me gain
achievement
8.I can't set time so training
get interrupted
9.I saturated quickly during
training
10.Discipline in each training
makes me gain achievement
I don't t believe in my own
abilities.
Work Habit
1.Comes on time
2.Observes proper break time

period
3.Performs duties in an
organized and orderly manner.
4.Performs assigned task
within the given time.
5.Neatness is very important
to me
6.Other people seem to accept
lower standard from
themselves than I do.
7.I am very good focusing my
efforts on attaining a goal
8.Eliminate distractions
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9.Maintain quality of work

performance in routinary work
10.Keeping on a task until its
completion
Competence
1.Understands the instructions

easily.
2.Performs assigned tasks with
minimum supervision.
3.Willing to accept work
assignments and
Responsibilities
4.Cooperates with all other
members of the organization.
5.Shows resourcefulness
6.Learn how to manage time
7.I become more confident in

dealing with other people
8.I am able to learn on how to
respect my co- workers
9.I learn how to understand
the values, ideas, beliefs,
opinions, needs, and want of
other people
10. I become more responsible
in problem solving and
decision making related in my
work

Ma. Vee Ann Capillo

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LEVEL OF IMPORTANCE OF LABORATORY DISCIPLINE ON OJT PERFORMANCE

A Research Study Presented to

The Faculty of School of Teacher Education

West Visayas State University-Janiuay Campus

of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Elementary Education

Amaro, Llen Mae C.

Armada, Inna Thallieah A.

Capillo, Ma. Vee Ann S.

Casiple, Mary Caroline D.

Clemente, Shiela Rose B.

The thesis attached here is entitled “Level of Importance of Laboratory Discipline

Accepted as partial fulfillment of the requirements in Research.

MA. AGNES H. CALLANTA, Ed. D. LOLITA MANAJERO, Ed. D.

NOEL A. INSULAR, Ed. D.

NANCY A. ARELLANO, Ed. D

assistance extended by the following persons:

guidance, and invaluable suggestions;

encouragement, and suggestions to the study.

and sharing their experiences.

and spiritual needs.

grace, wisdom, divine blessings and good health.

Importance of Laboratory Discipline on OJT Performances of West Visayas State

University-Janiuay Campus Academic Year 2023-2024. The respondents of the study

inferential statistics there was no significant difference in the level of importance of

laboratory discipline on OJT performance when classified as to course.

List of Tables vii

List of Figure viii

1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1

Background of the Study 2

Theoretical Framework of the Study and the Paradigm 4

Statement of the Problem and Hypothesis 7

Significant of the Study 9

Scope and Delimitation of the Study 10

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 11

3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY 18

Respondents of the Study 19

Data Gathering Instruments 19

Data Gathering Procedure 20

Statistical Data Analysis 21

4 RESULT AND DISCUSSION 22

5 SUMMARY, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS, IMPLICATIONS

2 t-Test Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory

Discipline on OJT Performance to Sex 24

3 ANOVA Results of the Difference in the Level of Importance of Laboratory

Discipline on OJT Performance according to Course 25

1 The Schematic Diagram Showing the Relationship Between

the Independent and the Dependent Variable 6

A Letter to the Campus Administrator 34

B Letter to the Respondents 35

C Letter for Validator 36

(5) Delimitation of the Study.

well as the benefits derived from the results of the study.

boundaries of the study.

Background of the Study

Laboratory discipline refers to the rules, procedures, and guidelines students

are expected to follow while working in a laboratory setting. It includes safety,

equipment uses, experimental procedures, record keeping, cleanliness, organization,

respect for others, time management, ethical considerations, communication, and

equipment responsibly, and being aware of emergency procedures. Proper

documentation of experimental procedures, observations, and results is crucial for

effective communication are also crucial. Following up on findings involves adhering to

specific formatting and reporting guidelines. Laboratory discipline is essential for