Reviews of the past and current Philippine Administrative System

Its earliest institutions were barangays, but Hinduism and Islam brought greater
governments. Spanish immigrants expanded Spain, culminating in Manila's Captaincy
General of the Philippines. The Philippines was independent within New Spain. This
reliance on local leaders for the government led to the principalia. Some Muslim and
interior countries lost Spanish rule. The 19th-century mestizo elite defined Filipino identity.
They initiated the Propaganda Movement, which led to the Spanish-American War. In
1898, Spain relinquished control. The US ruled the entire archipelago after the war. It had
strong ties to the Nacionalist Party and other political parties. There was a constitution
and a president in 1935. The WWII Japanese invasion shattered independence hopes.
The Japanese occupation ended in 1946. Over time, the Liberals and Nacionalistas
traded charismatic leaders and shared principles. Martial law dissolved the two-party
system in 1972.
The Philippines is a presidential democracy. The Philippine Constitution is the legal
framework. Constitute 1987 was approved by a national vote. Many additional laws and
government norms, and regulations support it. These include administrative, court, and
municipal laws created under the constitution. All administrative functions are included.
The goal is to identify and communicate the guiding principles. Organizational behavior
is a subset of behavioral sciences vital to public administration. These methods made
more sense. People's motivation and productivity are influenced by various elements -
political, social, economic. These also help understand government behavior. In dealing
with government agencies and officials, many have seen that human attitude,
presupposition biases, and perceptions influence how the administration is done. It is
democratic because the people choose their leaders. It is democratic because the people
are sovereign.
The Philippine government is unitary, presidential, and bureaucratic. The president
governs it. The Philippines is a unitary state with a single president. The Philippine
government has three branches: legislative, executive, and judiciary. Finally, it is
bureaucratic, with superior and inferior/rank-and-file offices and officials. The current
Philippine system of government has a strong President and an equally strong Vice
President, each elected individually for a single six-year term. There is no re-election for
both except that the Vice-President can run for president. The former president can also
run for other positions (one former president is now the city mayor of Manila, and another
was elected as a Congresswoman). In essence, the president is like an absolute monarch
with a limited six-year term because impeachment to remove him from power is so
expensive, time-consuming, tedious, and uncertain that it can't be relied on to work. In
short, today's bureaucracy is a product of how it has been regarded and utilized by the
government in power.
Like most public institutions, its functions are largely determined by the goals they are set
to achieve, the processes that society expect them to utilize, the amount of power and
resources that they are vested with, the level of accountability that they exercise, and the
outputs and the outcomes they are expected to deliver. The administrative system has
shown that while bureaucracy is judged in how it can respond efficiently and effectively to
society's challenges, it must be understood in terms of its functions within a political
context.
Thus, the Philippine administration is heavily influenced by the Spanish and American
colonial regimes, which have shaped the country's culture. An examination of pre-colonial
societies provides a framework for locating Philippine "public administration" in this article.
Today's administration requires a review and examination of our historical roots, which
could have a significant impact on public administration in the Philippines." By comparing
pre-colonial traits to Western models of public administration, the analysis will be
widened.