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IGCSE Biology CIE: 1. Characteristics & Classification of Living Organisms
IGCSE Biology CIE: 1. Characteristics & Classification of Living Organisms
YOUR NOTES
IGCSE Biology CIE
CONTENTS
1.1 Characteristics
1.1.1 Characteristics
1.2 Classification
1.2.1 Classification
1.3 Features of Organisms
1.3.1 Features of Organisms
1.4 Classifying Animals
1.4.1 Classifying Animals
1.5 Classifying Plants
1.5.1 Classifying Plants
1.6 Viruses
1.6.1 Viruses
1.7 Dichotomous Keys
1.7.1 Dichotomous Keys
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Exam Tip
Use this mnemonic to help you remember these processes:MRS. H.
GRENMovement
Respiration
Sensitivity
Homeostasis
Growth and development
Reproduction
Excretion
Nutrition
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Exam Tip
The order of classification can be remembered by using a mnemonic like:
KING PHILIP CAME OVER FOR GRAN’S SPAGHETTI
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DNA sequences can show how closely related different species are
The sequences above show that Brachinus armiger and Brachinus hirsutus are
more closely related than any other species in the list as their DNA sequences are
identical except for the last but one base (B.armiger has a T in that position
whereas B.hirsutus has an A)
As DNA base sequences are used to code for amino acid sequences in proteins,
the similarities in amino acid sequences can also be used to determine how closely
related organisms are
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Vertebrate classification
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Arthropod classification
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Ferns
Flowering plants:
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1) FLOWERS
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Exam Tip
Identification of monocotyledons and dicotyledons comes up fairly
frequently in the multiple choice paper and so it is worth learning the two
differences between their flowers and leaves.
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Exam Tip
Simple dichotomous keys almost always come up in the multiple choice
paper, so make sure you can use one.Very occasionally they show up in the
theory paper, and when they do you almost always have to use one instead
of constructing one, so focus on this rather than spending hours learning to
construct them yourself!
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