ABRAHAM

ST JOSEPH’S TECHNICAL INSTITUTE FOR

THE DEAF NYANG’OMA

CERTIFICATE IN BUILDING TECHNOLOGY

PAPER NAME: TRADE PROJECT

PRESENTER: ABRAHAM OGETA

INDEX NUMBER:7121010013

PRESENTED TO: KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION COUNCIL

SUPERVISOR:MR OWINYO

1
ABRAHAM
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ABSTRACT........................................................................................................1
DECLARATION...................................................................................................2..
DEDICATION.........................................................................................................3
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT........................................................................................4

1.1 CHAPTER ONE

1.0 MATERIAL REQUIRED..................................................................................5

1.1TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT USED IN THE PROJECT....................................6
1.2OPERATION PROCEDURE.............................................................................7
1.3BILL OF QUINTITY OF MATERIAL...............................................................8

1.2 CHAPTER TWO

2.0PLAN COURSES.................................................................................................9
2.1FRONT ELEVATION...................................................................................9
2.2RIGHT ELEVATION.....................................................................................10
2.3LEFT ELEVATION.......................................................................................10

1.3 CHAPTER THREE

3.0PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED..................................................................11
3.1SUMMARY.........................................................................................12
3.2APPENDIX A..........................................................................................13
3.3TIME SCHEDULE......................................................................................14
3.4 APPENDIX B.............................................................................................15

2
ABRAHAM
1.4 ABSTRACT

Technology approach to design in the craft is under close security by the ministry of
technical training and applied technology is approximately sketched out of this
report. It has shown how different building techniques can be incorporated into
design on a piece of masonry work.

The design of this structure intern different designs in masonry work by improving
the external appearance using key tooled printing and basket wave panel are also
introduced to the project on the face of the wall. There is a lot of bricks on edge
copying method to give a good appearance on top of the wall at the pier. In addition
to that, it is slightly sloppy to shade any rainwater and is made from materials which
are resistant to the actions of weather

The designer discovered that this particular piece of work design is acceptable and
future education for commercial and domestic purposes is very high

3
ABRAHAM
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that this work is my original and actual and has not been presented by
anybody to the Kenya National Examination Council for the award in certificate in masonry
(Building and construction)

NAME: ABRAHAM OGETA

SIGNATURE: ………………………………………………………….

DATE: …………………………………………………………..

SUPERVISOR NAME: …………………………………………………………..

SIGNATURE: ……………………………………………………………

4
 DEDICATION
ABRAHAM
This project is dedicated to my principal, deputy principal, family members,
lecturers and my fellow course mates for their support and encouragement towards
my studies

5
ABRAHAM
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
My first acknowledgement goes to the deputy principal, lecturers and family
members for their support and encouragement and also to my trade project lecturer
and supervisor

6
ABRAHAM
1.1 TOOLS AND EQ1UIPMENTS USED IN PROJECT
 Tape measure
 Gauge rod
 squire
 Cold chisel
 Masons hammer
 Spirit level/plumb bob
 Straight edge
 Building trowel
 Pointing trowel
 Pointing rod wooden float
 mortar board
 Internal and external corner trowel
 Shovel/spade
 Lines and pines

7
ABRAHAM
CHAPTER ONE

1.5 1.0MATERIALS REQUIRED

 Sufficient lime mortar

 Adequate concrete block size 390 by 190 by 140mm

8
ABRAHAM
1.2 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE
 Set out the block wall in the drawing
 Lay the first and second course
 Lay the remaining course to complete the work
 Finish off the wall by plastering and pointing

9
ABRAHAM
1.3 BILL OF QUANTITY OF MATERIAL
DESCRIPION OF QUANTITIES UNIT PRICE TOTAL
ITEM
cement 2 bags 750 1500
lime 2 bags 350 700
sand 6 wheelbarrows 80 480
transport 1000
Total material cost 3680

COSTING
Material costing= 3680.00
A.labour cost =40% of the cost material
40/100x3680=1572

B 6% cost of material= profit of material

6/100x3680=220.80

Material cost +labour cost+profit cost =cost of project

3680+1572+220.80=5472.80

10
ABRAHAM

CHAPTER THREE
3.0PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED
When going about the process of designing and getting down to work, I encountered
some minor and major problems of which some have been handled and solution
came out.

During design stage the problem was the creativity because the solutions to certain
creativity ideas were to be found and solved immediately.

Time limit was one of the problems, as the time given before the presentation of the
project sketch was inadequate.This compelled me to have a rush during
programming to certain operations as the expenses of lateness and accuracy.

There was also lack of finance, poor purchasing of the materials during the project
period.

The blocks which we had during the project period, some were not good and forced
us to go for some which resulted to time wastage.

Cutting of the blocks to the required shapes,angles and size was time consuming
and wasting a lot of energy due to use of blunt and old chisel

11
ABRAHAM
3.1CONCLUSION
Despite all the problems I encountered during the project it was well managed and
finished in good time.

The trade project design must come as the need of the technical standards in Kenya
as at now.

It must well planned, programmed within the college administration in order to give
designers a good time, efforts must be made to resist all forces obstacles to project
design at technical institution

12
ABRAHAM
3.4 APPENDIX B
3.5 EXPLANATION OF SOME TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
Laying trowel-consist of a steel and sank into which a wooden handle is fixed.Used
for laying and spreading mortar into a wall for performing a joint.

Wooden float-made of timber and used for floating the plastering to give an even
space.

Spirit level-used to check vertical plumpness of the wall.

Gauge rod-a piece of timber, used for timber on which bed joint thickness and
height of mounting uniform bed joint and height.

Block and brick moulder-used for moulding bricks and blocks in the required shape.

Straight edge-used for testing straightness of brick and block work.

Pointing trowel-used for placing mortar in joints during pointing and jointing.

Cold chisel-used in conjunction with the masonry hammer when cutting brick and
block.

13
ABRAHAM
PLAN COURSE 4

915

735

930

PLAN COURSE 5

915

735

14
930
ABRAHAM
CHAPTER TWO

PLAN COURSE 1 915

735

930

PLAN COURSE 2

915

735

930 15
ABRAHAM

PICTORIAL

915

735

16