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PDF Test Bank For Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 6Th Edition by Frazier Online Ebook Full Chapter
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Test Bank for Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 6th Edition by Frazier
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. One of the most common skin disorders marked by an inflammatory condition of the
sebaceous glands is
a. psoriasis.
b. atopic dermatitis (eczema).
c. impetigo.
d. seborrheic dermatitis.
ANS: D
Seborrheic dermatitis, one of the most common skin disorders, is an inflammatory condition
of the sebaceous, or oil, glands.
2. The most common dermatitis during infancy, called cradle cap, is a form of
a. psoriasis.
b. atopic dermatitis (eczema).
c. impetigo.
d. seborrheic dermatitis.
ANS: D
Seborrheic dermatitis can occur at any age, but is most common during infancy, when it is
called cradle cap. Cradle cap usually clears without treatment by 8-12 months of age.
3. _____ is a chronic skin condition marked by thick, flaky, red patches of various sizes, covered
with characteristic white, silvery scales.
a. Psoriasis
b. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
c. Impetigo
d. Seborrheic dermatitis
ANS: A
Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition marked by thick, flaky, red patches of various sizes,
covered with characteristic white, silvery scales (see Figure 6-8).
4. _____ is a type of inflammation of the skin that tends to occur in persons with a family history
of allergic conditions.
a. Psoriasis
b. Atopic dermatitis (eczema)
c. Impetigo
d. Seborrheic dermatitis
ANS: B
Atopic dermatitis (eczema) is a chronic inflammation of the skin that tends to occur in patients
with a family history of allergic conditions.
7. _____ is an eruption of extremely painful vesicles that occur in a bandlike unilateral pattern
along the course of a peripheral nerve.
a. Scabies
b. Pediculosis
c. Herpes zoster
d. Acne vulgaris
ANS: C
Herpes zoster, or shingles, is an acute inflammatory dermatomal eruption of extremely painful
vesicles. Shingles occurs in a bandlike unilateral pattern along the course of the peripheral
nerves or dermatomes that are affected and do not cross the midline of the body (see Figure
6-14).
11. Tinea capitis, tinea corporis, tinea pedis, and tinea cruris are manifestations of
a. pediculosis.
b. scabies.
c. dermatophytosis.
d. erysipelas.
ANS: C
Dermatophyte infections are classified by the body region they inhabit. All dermatophytosis
lesions are characterized by an active border and are marked by scaling with central clearing.
Dermatophytosis occurring on the scalp is called tinea capitis; the body, tinea corporis; the
nails, tinea unguium; the feet, tinea pedis (athlete’s foot); and the groin region, tinea cruris.
16. _____ is a serious form of skin cancer that often ulcerates, forms a crust, and has a tendency
to metastasize if allowed to reach an advanced stage.
a. SCC
b. BCC
c. Malignant melanoma
d. Actinic keratosis
ANS: A
SCC lesions often present as a crusted or scaly area with a red, inflamed base; as a growing
tumor; as a nonhealing ulcer; or as a raised, firm papule (see Figure 6-35). Hyperkeratosis is
an important feature that distinguishes SCC from BCC. The ulcerated lesions may be painful.
20. A _____ is an abscess that involves the entire hair follicle and adjacent subcutaneous tissue.
a. furuncle
b. skin tag
c. hemangioma
d. keloid
ANS: A
A furuncle, or boil, is a pus-containing abscess that involves the entire hair follicle and
adjacent subcutaneous tissue. A carbuncle is either an unusually large furuncle or multiple
furuncles that develop in adjoining follicles, connected by many drainage canals.
21. _____ is associated with severe itching followed by the appearance of redness and an area of
swelling (wheal) in a localized area of skin.
a. Scabies
b. Erysipelas
c. Urticaria (hives)
d. Psoriasis
ANS: C
Urticaria, or hives, is associated with severe itching followed by the appearance of redness
and an area of swelling (wheal) in a localized area of skin (see Figure 6-7).
22. _____, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the facial skin, causes redness, primarily in the
areas where individuals blush or flush.
a. Impetigo
b. Rosacea
c. Psoriasis
d. Seborrheic dermatitis
ANS: B
Rosacea, a chronic inflammatory disorder of the facial skin, causes redness, primarily in the
areas where individuals blush or flush.
TRUE/FALSE
1. Appearance and location of lesions confirm the diagnosis of each of the three types of skin
carcinoma.
ANS: F
Unusual skin lesions are often identified by the patient or by the physician on examination of
the skin. A biopsy (usually a punch biopsy) of the lesion is required for definitive diagnosis.
Patients with SCC should have a lymph node examination to assess for nodal metastasis.
Those with high-risk SCC may also require a computed tomography (CT), magnetic
resonance imaging (MRI), or positron emission tomography (PET) scan to evaluate for
disease spread. SCC is staged according to the TNM (tumor, nodes, metastasis) staging
system.
ANS: T
Collectively, the skin cancers, BCC, SCC, and malignant melanoma represent the most
common type of malignancy. In fact, BCC is the most prevalent form of cancer worldwide.
3. A guideline for preventing excessive sun exposure is to avoid sunlight between 10 AM and 3
PM when UV rays are the strongest.
ANS: T
Guidelines for Protecting the Skin against Excessive Sun Exposure
• Avoid sunlight between 10 AM and 3 PM, when UV rays are the strongest.
• Plan outdoor activities for early morning or late afternoon.
• Wear protective clothing, especially a hat.
• Use a sunscreen with a sun protection factor of at least 15, applied 15-30 minutes before
exposure and again after getting wet, especially after swimming.
4. Itch mites and lice spread easily from one person to another by close physical contact.
ANS: T
Itch mites and lice can infest anyone at any age. Both are spread easily from one person to
another by close physical contact. Transmission occurs most often between children playing
together, family members, and sexual partners.
ANS: F
Warts are a cutaneous manifestation of HPV infection. The three most often seen are common
warts, plantar warts, and flat warts. Warts are caused by viruses and are spread by touch or
contact with the skin shed from a wart. Each of the types of viruses known to cause warts
tends to infect a different part of the body.
Test Bank for Essentials of Human Diseases and Conditions 6th Edition by Frazier
6. The function of the subcutaneous layer of the skin is to insulate the body against heat loss.
ANS: T
Third is the subcutaneous layer, a thick, fat-containing section that insulates the body against
heat loss.
ANS: T
Contact dermatitis is an acute inflammation response of the skin triggered by an exogenous
chemical or substance.
ANS: T
Keloids and hypertrophic scars occur secondary to trauma or surgery. A keloid first appears
normal, but after several months, it becomes noticeably larger and thicker (see Figure 6-30).
9. Disorders that can produce nail deformities include psoriasis, lichen planus, and chronic
paronychia causing the end of the nail to separate from the underlying skin. Bacteria can enter
this space and make the nail turn a blackish green.
ANS: T
Injury to the nail bed caused by continuous pressure from ill-fitting shoes or poor circulation
caused by arteriosclerosis can lead to thickening of the whole nail. Many disorders can
produce nail deformities. Psoriasis, lichen planus, and chronic paronychia can cause the end
of the nail to separate from the underlying skin. Bacteria can enter this space and make the
nail turn a blackish green. Iron deficiency anemia can cause spooning of the nails. Congenital
heart disorders and lung cancer can cause clubbing, or knobby ends of the fingers or toes, and
then cause the nails to grow around these ends.
CXII
PASCUA DE RESURRECCIÓN
CXIII
CAMPOS DE SORIA
I
II
III
IV
VI
¡Soria fría, Soria pura,
cabeza de Extremadura,
con su castillo guerrero
arruinado, sobre el Duero;
con sus murallas roídas
y sus casas denegridas!
VII
¡Colinas plateadas,
grises alcores, cárdenas roquedas
por donde traza el Duero
su curva de ballesta
en torno a Soria, oscuros encinares,
ariscos pedregales, calvas sierras,
caminos blancos y álamos del río,
tardes de Soria, mística y guerrera,
hoy siento por vosotros, en el fondo
del corazón, tristeza,
tristeza que es amor! ¡Campos de Soria
donde parece que las rocas sueñan,
conmigo vais!... ¡Colinas plateadas,
grises alcores, cárdenas roquedas!
VIII
IX
II
IV
Alvargonzález ya tiene
la adusta frente arrugada,
por la barba le platea
el bozo azul de la cara.
EL SUEÑO
I
Y Alvargonzález veía,
como Jacob, una escala
que iba de la tierra al cielo,
y oyó una voz que le hablaba.
Mas las hadas hilanderas,
entre las guedejas blancas
y vellones de oro, han puesto
un mechón de negra lana.
II
III
IV
Alvargonzález levanta
en brazos al más pequeño
y en sus rodillas lo sienta:
—Tus manos hacen el
fuego...
aunque el último naciste
tú eres en mi amor primero.
II
III
A la vera de la fuente
quedó Alvargonzález muerto.
Tiene cuatro puñaladas
entre el costado y el pecho,
por donde la sangre brota,
más un hachazo en el cuello.
Cuenta la hazaña del campo
el agua clara corriendo,
mientras los dos asesinos
huyen hacia los hayedos.
Hasta la Laguna Negra,
bajo las fuentes del Duero,
llevan el muerto, dejando
detrás un rastro sangriento;
y en la laguna sin fondo,
que guarda bien los secretos,
con una piedra amarrada
a los pies, tumba le dieron.
IV
Se encontró junto a la
fuente
la manta de Alvargonzález,
y camino del hayedo
se vió un reguero de sangre.
Nadie de la aldea ha osado
a la laguna acercarse,
y el sondarla inútil fuera,
que es la laguna insondable.
Un buhonero que cruzaba
aquellas tierras errante,
fué en Dauria acusado, preso
y muerto en garrote infame.
VI
Los hijos de Alvargonzález
ya tienen majada y huerta,
campos de trigo y centeno
y prados de fina hierba;
en el olmo viejo, hendido
por el rayo, la colmena,
dos yuntas para el arado,
un mastín y cien ovejas.
OTROS DÍAS
I
II
La hermosa tierra de
España
adusta, fina y guerrera
Castilla, de largos ríos,
tiene un puñado de sierras
entre Soria y Burgos como
reductos de fortaleza,
como yelmos crestonados
y Urbión es una cimera.
III
IV
Llegados son a un paraje
en donde el pinar se espesa,
y el mayor, que abre la
marcha,
su parda mula espolea,
diciendo: démonos prisa;
porque son más de dos
leguas
de pinar y hay que apurarlas
antes que la noche venga.
II
III
EL VIAJERO
I
II
III
IV