GLOBAL PRACTICE of

ARCHITECTURE
GLOBALIZATION
a. The Political Reality of Globalization
GLOBALIZATION
is a term used to describe how trade and technology have
made the world into a more connected and interdependent
place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic
and social changes that have come about as a result.
 GLOBALIZATION
is a term used to describe how trade and technology have
made the world into a more connected and interdependent
place. Globalization also captures in its scope the economic
and social changes that have come about as a result.

Globalization = refers to the increasingly free flow of goods, services, financial capital and labor
across national borders.
 GLOBALIZATION
Can be pictured as the of an immense spider web
formed over millennia, with the number and reach of
these threads increasing over time.
Globalization is a term used to describe the increasing
connectedness and interdependence of world cultures and
economies. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/globalization/
History of globalization

The Silk Road: The Route That Made the World

When did globalization begin? The Silk Road, an ancient

network of trade routes across China, Central Asia, and the
Mediterranean used between 50 B.C.E. and 250 C.E., is perhaps
the most well-known early example of exchanging ideas,
products, and customs. As with future globalizing booms, new
technologies played a key role in the Silk Road trade.
https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/11/t-magazine/the-silk-road.html

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/globalization/#
History of globalization

The Silk Road: The Route That Made the World

Along with Chinese silk, Roman glass, and Arabian spices, ideas
such as Buddhist beliefs and the secrets of paper-making also
spread via these tendrils of trade.

https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/11/t-magazine/the-silk-road.html

https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/globalization/#
Concept of
Globalization
ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
The economic case for the benefits of globalization is well documented. -Larger,
international markets allow for more efficient, effective allocation of limited human,
physical and financial resources. -Global competition fosters innovation and
improvements in organizations, goods and services. -Through these market
mechanisms, economic globalization leads to economic growth, international
development and, overall, higher standards of living.
GLOBAL WORK FORCE AND HUMAN MIGRATION

The global work force is more mobile than ever before. Workers move within and
across national borders to take advantage of the ample economic opportunities
arising from international development and economic globalization.
CULTURAL GLOBALIZATION

Globalization plays a major part in many forms of cultural and artistic exchange. Traveling
companies of performance artists share their art forms and local traditions with audiences around
the world. Culinary professionals ranging from globe-trotting celebrity chefs to line cooks spread
local flavors and food culture by moving from kitchen to kitchenand opening new restaurants across
the globe.
Financial globalization: can be linked with the rise of a global financial
system with international financial exchanges and monetary exchanges. Stock
markets, for instance, are a great example of the financially connected global
world since when one stock market has a decline, it affects other markets
negatively as well as the economy as a whole.
 HOW GLOBALIZATION AFFECTS DAILY LIFE

For example, it’s changed the way consumers shop for products and services. Today, 70
percent of Americans shop online. In 2022, there were 268 million digital buyers in the
US and by 2025, this number is predicted to reach 285 million.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 HOW GLOBALIZATION AFFECTS DAILY LIFE

For example, it’s changed the way consumers shop for products and services. Today, 70
percent of Americans shop online. In 2022, there were 268 million digital buyers in the
US and by 2025, this number is predicted to reach 285 million.

HOW CAN IT AFFECTS US AS AN ARCHITECTS?

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 BUT WAIT THERE’S MORE!

In addition, the globalized economy has opened up new job markets by

making it more feasible to hire overseas workers. This has created a
wide range of career opportunities for both job seekers and employers.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 BUT WAIT THERE’S MORE!

In addition, the globalized economy has opened up new job markets by

making it more feasible to hire overseas workers. This has created a
wide range of career opportunities for both job seekers and employers.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 BUT WAIT THERE’S MORE!

In addition, the globalized economy has opened up new job markets by

making it more feasible to hire overseas workers. This has created a
wide range
The emergence of career
of remote workopportunities
post-pandemicforwas
bothalso
jobmade
seekers and employers.
possible by globalization. According to
a survey from WFH Research, only seven percent of paid workdays in the US were remote in 2019.
However, this number climbed to 29 percent by January 2024.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 NOW
the question is
“Globalization”
Is it a good or bad thing?
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment

The country that receives the inflow of capital benefits because

that capital contributes to investment and, therefore, to
productivity. Foreign investment also often comes with, or in
the form of, technology, know-how, or access to distribution
channels that can help the recipient nation.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment

3. Increased Global Cooperation

For a globalized economy to exist, nations must be willing to

put their differences aside and work together. Therefore,
increased globalization has been linked to a reduction—though
not an elimination—of conflict.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth 1. Increased Competition

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment

3. Increased Global Cooperation

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth 1. Increased Competition

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment 2. Disproportionate Growth

3. Increased Global Cooperation

it can introduce disproportionate growth both between and within
nations. These effects must be carefully managed economically and
morally

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth 1. Increased Competition

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment 2. Disproportionate Growth

3. Increased Global Cooperation 3. Environmental Concerns

ncreased globalization has been linked to various

environmental challenges, many of which are serious,
including:
•Deforestation and loss of biodiversity caused by
economic specialization and infrastructure development
•Greenhouse gas emissions and other forms of pollution
caused by increased transportation of goods
•The introduction of potentially invasive species into new
environments

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth 1. Increased Competition

2. Increased Cross-Border Investment 2. Disproportionate Growth

3. Increased Global Cooperation

a t io n
3. Environmental Concerns

li z a
o w g lo b
NOW . H t u r e ?
Ar ch it ec
af f e ct s

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 ADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION DISADVANTAGES OF GLOBALIZATION

1. Economic Growth 1. Increased Competition

The Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation, or APEC, is the leading forum in the Asia-Pacific to
2. Increasedfacilitate
Cross-Border
tradeInvestment 2. Disproportionate
and investment, economic growth, and Growth
regional cooperation.

3. Increased Global Cooperation 3. Environmental Concerns

APEC membership includes:
Australia; Brunei Darussalam; Canada; Chile; People's Republic of China; Hong Kong, China;
Indonesia; Japan; Republic of Korea; Malaysia; Mexico; New Zealand; Papua New Guinea;
Peru; the Philippines; the Russian Federation; Singapore; Chinese Taipei; Thailand; the United
States of America; Vietnam.

https://online.hbs.edu/blog/post/pros-and-cons-of-globalization
 The idea of APEC was firstly publicly broached
by former prime minister of Australia Bob Hawke
during a speech in Seoul, Korea, on 31 January
1989.

Ten months later, 12 Asia-Pacific economies met

in Canberra to establish APEC. The founding
members were Australia; Brunei Darussalam;
Canada; Indonesia; Japan; Korea; Malaysia; New
Zealand; the Philippines; Singapore; Thailand;
and the United States.

https://www.apec.org/about-us/about-apec/history#:~:text=APEC%20begins%20as%20an%20informal,Thailand%3B%20and%20the%20United%20States.