SEMI 4853

QUALITY ENGINEERING

GROUP PROJECT

PENDULUM

NO. NAME MATRIC NO.

01 LIM SENG ZAI B21EM0013

02 CALEB HO SIAW YONG B21EM0007

03 DEANNES THAM A20EM0301

MUHAMMAD LUQMAN HARITH BIN

04 A20EM0336
MOHD AZLEE

05 AQIL FAKHRI BIN RAZALI A20EM0295

LECTURER: DR. JAFRI MOHD ROHANI

PROBLEM STATEMENT

The main objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different initial
displacement angles, pendulum lengths and pendulum masses on the oscillatory behavior of a
simple pendulum. The focus is on measuring the time (in seconds) it takes for the pendulum
to complete 10 oscillations under different conditions. The aim of this study is to analyze the
resulting variations and the outcomes associated with each of these variables in order to gain
insight into the dynamics of the pendulum's motion. By systematically exploring the effects
of initial conditions and physical parameters, this study seeks to deepen our understanding of
pendulum behavior with potential applications in physics and engineering. The results of this
study may lead to valuable insights for the fields of timing, structural dynamics, and
mechanical system design."

OBJECTIVES

1. Investigate Initial Displacement Effects

Explore how variations in the initial displacement angle impact the period of a simple
pendulum, focusing on measuring the time required for 10 oscillations. This objective aims to
quantify the relationship between the starting position of the pendulum and its subsequent
motion.

2. Examine Pendulum Length and Period Relationship

Investigate the correlation between pendulum length and oscillation period by systematically
varying the length and measuring the time for 10 swings. This objective seeks to provide
insights into the fundamental relationship between physical dimensions and pendulum
dynamics.

3. Analyze Mass Influence on Pendulum Motion

Examine how changes in pendulum mass affect the oscillatory behavior, emphasizing the
measurement of the time required for 10 swings under different mass conditions. This
objective aims to quantify the impact of mass on the overall dynamics of pendulum motion.
CONFIGURATION OF THE RIG
FACTOR AND ITS LEVEL

Three-Factor Factorial Experiment

Table 1 Time taken for 10 swings (s) data for pendulum

Initial Displacement Angle (degrees)

Pendulum 45 90
Length
(m) Pendulum Mass (kg) Pendulum Mass (kg)

0.2 0.4 0.2 0.4

0.5 20,18,18 15,15,16 23,24,23 19,20,19

1.0 27,26,28 22,21,23 32,34,31 29,28,28

OUTPUT RESPONSE
Time taken (s) for a pendulum takes to complete 10 swings.
METHODOLOGY

1.Measure the length of the thread to 0.5m

2.Tie the thread onto a retort stand with a constant mass pendulum mass at the end

3. Adjust the thread until it reaches 45 degree before releasing

4. Setup a timer and start counting until it reaches 10 swings

5. Change the length of the thread to 1 and repeat step 2-4

6. Adjust the thread until it reaches 90 degree before releasing and repeat step 1-5

7. Record the data

DATA

Parameter
Parameters Level 1 Level 2 unit
Number

1 Pendulum Length 0.5 1.0 m

2 Initial Displacement Angle 45 90 °

3 Pendulum Mass 0.2 0.4 kg

4 Pendulum Bob Volume 100 200 cm³

Columns Replicates
Run
1 2 3 4 I II III

1 1 1 1 1 15.1 15.6 14.5

2 1 1 1 2 14.5 13.8 15.1

3 1 2 2 1 16.8 16.0 17.2

4 1 2 2 2 16.2 16.5 15.7

5 2 1 2 1 19.5 20.4 18.9

6 2 1 2 2 18.3 18.8 19.4

7 2 2 1 1 24.5 24.0 24.3

8 2 2 1 2 25.4 26.2 25.7

TAGUCHI ANALYSIS (MINITAB)
DISCUSSION
In the analysis of the response table pertaining to the signal-to-noise ratio, it is observed that
the optimal values, when considering nominal factors, are as follows for the variables:
pendulum length, initial displacement angle, pendulum mass, and pendulum bob volume at
level 1 - 29.11, 28.66, 32.86, and 31.36, respectively. For level 2, the corresponding values
are 33.69, 34.13, 29.93, and 31.43. The hierarchical order of influence on the response, based
on rank, is determined to be initial displacement, followed by pendulum length, pendulum
mass, and lastly, pendulum bob volume.
GANTT CHART

W'1 W'2 W'3 W'4 W'5 W'6 W'7 W'8 W'9 W'10

DOE Project Selection

Experimental Setup

Conduct Experiment

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Technical Paper

Group Presentation

ROLES OF EACH MEMBERS

Seng Zai Caleb Deannes Luqman Aqil

DOE Project Selection

Experimental Setup

Conduct Experiment

Data Collection

Data Analysis

Technical Paper

Group Presentation
REFERENCES

1. Shuttleworth, M. (n.d.). Pendulum Experiment. Retrieved November 15, 2023, from

https://explorable.com/pendulum-experiment

2. Swinging Science. (n.d.). Retrieved November 15, 2023, from

https://www.aps.org/programs/outreach/physicsquest/past/swinging.cfm

3. Shuttleworth, M. (n.d.). Pendulum Experiment. Retrieved November 15, 2023, from

https://explorable.com/pendulum-experiment