BDwbU - 5

p¤g£h¡c
(SUFISL)

flj pš¡−L S¡e¡l AvKv•ÿvgvby‡liwPišÍb fÐaÉ¡n¡z HC S¡e¡l fÐ−Qø¡−L mydxh¡c h−mz mydx
A¿¹−ll ¢hö¢Ül j¡dÉ−j h¡qÉ J A¿¹l S£h−el f§ZÑ ¢hL¡n p¡de L−l| flj pš¡l Efm¢ìl
jdÉ ¢c−u wPišÍb n¡¢¿¹ m¡iC mydxh¡−cl ¢nr¡z gymwjg`k©‡biBwZnv‡mmydxh¡−cl öl¦ nhiZ
j¤q¡Çjc (p¡x) ®b−L Gesmv‡_ ay¡l p¡q¡h¡−cl g‡a¨J mydx ¯h¢nøÉ f¢lm¢ra nq| ay¡l¡ wQj
f§a Q¢lœ J D¾¡j A¡c−nÑl A¢dKvix| jp¢Sc-C-ehh£−a ay¡l¡ A¢dL¡wn mg‡qAvjøvni
¢k¢Ll-¢g¢Ll J ®j¡l¡L¡h¡-®j¡n¡−qc¡u jNÀ b¡L−aez ay¡−cl−L "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡' ejv qaz
ja−ic b¡L¡ p−šÆJ A−e−LC j−e L−lb ®k, mydx në¢V HC "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡' ®b−L H−p−Rz
cweΆKviAvb J nv`x‡mi L¢afu ¢h¢d, ¢euj J A¡−cn-¢e−la ®j−e Qm¡l jdÉ ¢c−u mydx
au¡l p¡de¡ öl¦ L−ib| HC p¡de¡l g~j mrÉ n‡jvAvjøvn ®fÐjz p¡de¡l à¡l¡ ®fÐ−jl j¡dÉ−j
GKgvÎAvjøvn−L f¡Ju¡C mydx p¡de¡l g~j mrÉz HC mrÉ ASÑ−el SeÉ mydx p¡dL−L mydx
fb Ae¤plZ L−l Qm−a quz mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡u ®j¡V Pvi¢V ¸iæZ¡f§ZÑ d¡f i‡q‡Qz d¡f…−m¡
n‡jv x kixqZ, ZixKZ, gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZz †KviAvb J nv`xmm¤§ZBmjv‡gi °ce¢¾ce
A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡eC n‡jvkixqZz kixqZ ®j−e Qm¡l jdÉ ¢c−u mydx au¡l p¡de¡ öl¦ K‡ibz HC
¯Í‡i p¡aviYgymjgvb Hhw mydx'l g‡a¨†Kvbcv_©K¨_v‡K bv| ¢àa£u ¯Íin‡jvZixKZz HC
¯Í‡imydx ¢h−no ¢euj-L¡e¤−el jdÉ ¢c−u AiÉ¿¹l£Z Hhw Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡−L A¡−m¡¢La q−a
Q¡ez Hl SeÉ cÖ‡qvRb qu Efk¤š² n¢š²pÇfæ AvZ¥viz AbÑ¡v ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl A¡MÚm¡L
¢e−Sl g‡a¨ m¡i Kivi SeÉ GKRbAva¨vwZ¥K ¢nrL f£−ll cÖ‡qvRb quz HC f£−ll
A¡−cn-¢e−od L−W¡li¡−h f¡me Ll¡C ZixKZch©v‡ql L¡Sz

Hl f−l A¡−p gv‡idvZ h¡ Ava¨vwZ¥KRM‡Zi fÊbj d¡fz HC ch©v‡q ®p Avjøvni ¢pg¡a

m¤ú‡K© f§ZÑ AhNa quz i¡h J a¾jua¡l j¡dÉ−j a¡l g‡a¨ HL A¢ehÑQe£u J Ai§af§hÑ
Ae¤i§¢al m„wó quz Hlfl A¡−p nvKxKZhv HC p¡de¡l phÑ−no ¯Íiz HC ¯Í‡imydx a¡l flj
f¡Ju¡ Avjøvni Efm¢ì fСç quz GLv‡bmydx "g¡e¡¢gõ¡ql' j¡dÉ−j "h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡−q' Efe£a quz
HC fb f¢lœ²j¡ QvovImydx g~jbxwZmg nI p¡a‡il ®j−e Qm−a quz H…−m¡ n‡jv x Ae¤a¡f,
¢eiÑla¡, cwieZ©b, ¯dkÑ, Lªa‘a¡, cweÎZv, °hl¡NÉ, A¡aÈa¤¢ø, dÉ¡e, ¢kLl fÐiª¢az

GB BDwb‡U †gvU mvZwU cvV i‡q‡Q

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♦I¢aq¡¢pL S¢lf
(Historical Survey)
♦mydxev‡`i A_© I msÁv
(Meaning and Definition of SufisL)
♦mydx c_
(Sufi Path)
♦mydxg~jbxwZ
(Sufi Doctrine)
♦ g¡e¡ J h¡LÅ¡
(Fana and Baqa)
♦mydxev‡`iDrm
(Sources of SufisL)
♦p¤g£h¡c J jlj£h¡c
(Sufism and MysticisL)

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-71
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cvV - 1
I¢aq¡¢pL S¢lf
(Historical Survey )

E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• mydxh¡c m¤ú‡K© fСb¢jL aviY¡ jvfKi‡Zcvi‡ebz
• mydxh¡−cl I¢aq¡¢pL S¢l−fl Av‡jvPbvm¤ú‡K©e¨vL¨vKi‡Zcvi‡ebz

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Ae¤ù¡e EiuC mydxh¡−c mrÉ Ll¡ hvqz mydxh¡−cl g~jj¿» †KviAvb J nv`xm ®b−L
Drm¡¢laz Avjøvn J gvby‡li ab¡ mydx p¡a‡il ¢jm−el GKgvÎ Ef¡u n‡jvmydx p¡de¡z
Avjøvn †cÖ‡gi jdÉ ¢c−u HC mrÉ ASÑe ®Lhmj¡œ pñhz L−W¡l dÉ¡e J Ch¡c−al jdÉ ¢c−u
Avjøvni ®fÐj q¡¢pm Ki‡Z quz Avjøvn−L mydx Q¡r¤o ®c−Me e¡, ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−j Ae¤ih K‡ibz
p¤al¡w Avjøvni ‘¡e pñh ®Lhmj¡œ ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−jz ¢e−Sl AšÍ‡ii M¡l¡f J f¡f E−âKivi£
pjÙ¹ e¡gÚp−L ¢hpSÑe ¢c−u h¡ aŸsm K‡i iæ‡nicweÎZv p¡de HC f−bl AeÉaj Av`k©z S¡j£
Ae¤p¡−l, L¤g¡l A¡h¤ q¡¢pj fÐbj mydxh¡−cl ¢i¢š ÙÛ¡fe K‡ibz œ²j¢hL¡−nl HL ch©v‡q
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Hhw p¡aviYgymjgvb−cl L¡−R mydxh¡c−L Se¢fÐu L−l a¤m−a pjbÑ qez
1. mydxh¡cm¤ú‡K© fСb¢jL aviY¡
mydxh¡c h¡ a¡p¡JEg n‡jvgymwjg`k©‡bi AeÉaj GKWU ®N¡ù£l wPšÍvl gpmz mydxl¡ gvby‡li
‘¡e ü‘¡l p¡q¡−kÉ fСç qu h−m j−e K‡ibz mydx−cl g‡a¨wewfbœ ¢ho−u j−al A¢jm mrÉ
Ll¡ ®N−mJ ®j±¢mL ¢ho−u au¡−cl g‡a¨cv_©K¨ ®eCz L−W¡l afpÉ¡ Hhw A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡−el jdÉ
¢c−u mydx−cl ANËpl q−a quz
mydxh¡c Ae¤p¡−l Avjøvn Hhw gvby‡limivmwi†hvMv‡hvM ÙÛ¡fe pñh GKgvÎ HC a−šÆl
j¡dÉ−jz ®pSeÉ GKRbmydxAvjøvn ®fÐ−jl Icime‡P‡q ®hn£ ®S¡l ®ce Hhw HV¡−L ph¡l E−dÄÑ
‘¡e K‡ibz au¡l¡ S¡N¢aL welq¡hm£ pð−å m¤ú~Y© ¢iæja ®f¡oZ K‡ibz au¡l¡ A¡aÈ−L¢¾cÐL
Hhw S¡N¢aL p−ñ¡N ®b−L wb‡R‡`i ¢hla l¡−Mez
mydxh¡cn‡jvAvjøvn ®fÐ−jl `k©bZ_vAvjøvnimv‡_mvaK ®fÐ−jl wgjb cÖ‡Póv|Avjøvni °eLVÉ
fСbÑe¡ J m¡i EiuC myg£l IL¡¢¿¹L mrÉz L−W¡l afpÉ¡l j¡dÉ−j ¢e−Sl A¢Ù¹aÅ h¡ A¡aÈ¡−L
¢hnÄ pËø¡l g‡a¨ ¢hm£e L−l ®cJu¡J au¡−cl mrÉz
myd£h¡c Bmjv‡gi jaC f¤l¡ae GKWUgZev` k¡ Bmjv‡gi jdÉ ®b−LC Drm¡¢laz fÐbja
GB gZev` afpÉ¡ Hhw j−e¡−k¡N wbf©ikxj quz d£−l d£−l a¡ wewfbœ lL−jl jah¡−c Efe£a
quz I¢aq¡¢pLi¡−h HV¡ ejvhvq ®k, ¢qSl£ wØZxq na−L mydxh¡−cl Evf¢š N‡U Hhw ¢qSl£
ehj na−L HC gZev` f§ZÑ ®n¡¢ia quz
mydx gZh¡c Bmjv‡gi h¡−ae£ (N§t) ¢c−Ll Ici ®S¡l ®cuz gymwjg cnÑ−e Eá§a
Ab¨vb¨wPšÍv‡Mvôxl eÉ¡u myg£h¡cJ †KviAvb J nv`xm ®b−L g jZDrm¡¢laz gvbylm„wól lqpÉ
HLLb¡u ejvhvq, AvgivAvjøvnim„wól j¡dÉ−j c¤¢eu¡u H−p¢R; Avevig„a¤Él jdÉ ¢c−u Avjøvni
L¡−R ¢g−l k¡hz ®pSeÉ †KviAv‡bi fb Ae¤plZ L−l Ni£l dÉ¡−el j¡dÉ−j mydxivAvjøvni
°eLVÉ m¡i K‡ibz HC °eLVÉ m¡i n‡jv ¢e−S−L Avjøvni n¢š²−a l©f¡¿¹¢la Ll¡z p¤al¡w

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -72

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

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myg£h¡cz
j¡e¤‡li AšÍi l¦q J e¡gÚp-Hl pjeÄ−u N¢Waz l¦−ql A¡LoÑZ _v‡KAvjøvni Ch¡c−al ¢c−Lz
®p¢cL ®b−L gvbyl c'¤¢V ¢h−l¡d£ n¢š²l A¡aviYmyg£h¡c e¡gÚ−pl ¢hl¦−Ü A¡¢aÈL Eæ¢a ab¡
l¦−ql œ²j¢hhaÑ−elC gpmz bvd&m‡K Pvi¢V ¯Í‡i i¡N Ll¡ hvq x bvd&‡m A¡Çj¡l¡, bvd&‡m
l¡qÚj¡¢eu¡, bvd&‡m j¤m¢qj¡ Hhw bvd&m j¤aj¡−uæ¡z Qa¤bÑ ¯Í‡i H−p e¡gÚp Hhw l¦−ql g‡a¨
A¡c−a †Kvbcv_©K¨_v‡K e¡z
†KviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q :
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Aaxfl A¡j¡l ®phLN−Zl g‡a¨ fÐ−hn Ll Hhw A¡j¡l ü−NÑ¡cÉ¡−e fÊ−hn LlzÕ (89x 27-30)
HC ¯Í‡imyg£ dvbvwdj vn h¡ ¢he¡ne ch©v‡q AhÙÛ¡e K‡ibz HC ¯Í‡i Eæ£a q−mC ®p wPišÍb
h¡ h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q ch©v‡q Eæ£a quz HC AhÙÛ¡C n‡jvmydxgZev‡`i ®no Hhw f¢lZa fkÑ¡uz
2. mydxh¡−cl I¢aq¡¢pL S¢lf
S¡j£ Ae¤p¡−l, L¤g¡l HL Aviexu A¡h¤ q¡¢pj fÐbj mydxh¡−cl ®N¡s¡fše K‡ibz wZwbivm~j
(p¡x)-Hl p¡aviYRxeb-k¡fe fÜ¢a AaÉ¿¹ A¡¿¹¢lLi¡−h Ae¤plZ Ki‡Zez flL¡−ml kvw¯ ,
f¡¢bÑh S£h−el AÙÛ¡¢uaÅ Hhw ®no wePv‡ii AhÙÛ¡ au¡−L Ni£li¡−h fÐi¡¢ha L−lwQjz a−h
A−e−L q¡p¡e A¡m-hpl£−L Bmjv‡gi fÐbj mydxwn‡m‡e NZÉ Ki‡Z Q¡ez Avevi A−e−L
S¡¢hl ¢he q¡uu¡e−L fÐbj mydx h−m j−e K‡ibz ja−ic k¡C b¡L¤L e¡ ®Le ¢qSl£ ¢àa£u
na−L mydx në¢V p¡d¡l−ZÉ ¢hÙ¹¡l m¡i K‡ibz Hmg‡qwKQzgymwjg†KviAv‡b ¢e−cÑ¢na S£h−el
AÙÛ¡¢uaÅ Hhw flL¡−ml iuwLl Ae¯’vi Lb¡ ®i−h Avjøvni Ni£l dÉ¡−e jNÀ qez HC
pjuL¡l wKQz dÉ¡ejNÀ hÉ¢š² wQ‡je x ChС¢qj ¢he A¡cq¡j, l¡−hu¡ hpl£, c¡Ec A¡a¡a¡u£,
g¡¢Sm Ch−e Cu¡S, j¡l¦g L¡lM£ cÖgyLz Hl¡ ph¡C mydx ¢q−p−h fТpÜ wQ‡jbz
AhnÉ "mydx' K_vwU HC mg‡ql f§−hÑ p¡d¡l−ZÉ fÐQ¢ma wQj e¡| a−h Bmjv‡gig‡a¨mydxh¡−cl
®k QQÑ¡ qa, ®pV¡ ¢WLz KviYmydx °h¢nøÉpÇfæ A‡bK ®m¡LSe ZLbwQjz nhiZ j¤qÇjc
(p¡x)-Hl p¡q¡h¡NZ Hhw a¡−hu£el¡ L¡S-L−jÑ Hhw j−e-fС−Z Avjøvn−a wb‡R‡`iDrmNÑ£Lªa
wQ‡jbz p¤al¡w ivm~j (p¡x)pq au¡l¡ AeÉ e¡−j cwiwPZ q−mJ °h¢nøÉNa ¢cL ®b−L au¡l¡
mydxwQ‡jbz AdÉ¡fL q¡C h−me, "The fact is that the earlier Sufis were not called by the
nZLb Sufi, as the nZLbs 'companions' and 'followers' were considered to be of much more
distinction"z
Avgiv HC pjÙ¹ fÐbj ¢c−Ll mydx p¡dL−cl g‡a¨ LªµRa¡ J fl−qSN¡l£l HL Af§hÑ ¢e`k©b
®cM−a f¡Cz A¡−Ù¹ A¡−Ù¹ HC AhÙÛ¡ mydx jah¡−c f¢lZ¢a m¡i L−lz mydxh¡c fТaù¡l fÐbj
¢c−L k¡l Ahc¡e me‡P‡q ®hn£ wZwb q−me S¤e-e¤e ¢jpÚl£z AhnÉ ay¡l A¡−N j¡l¦g L¡lM£
mydxh¡c ÔIn£ pš¡l Efm¢ì' ¢q−p−h mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡ ®cez a−h mydxh¡c ¢q−p−h ÙÛ¡u£ l©f
fÐc¡−el hÉ¡f¡−l S¤e-e¤e ¢jpÚl£ c¡u£z wZwb a¾jua¡ (q¡L) Hhw ¯Íi (j¡L¡j)-Hl hZÑe¡ ¢c−u
h−me ®k, Avjøvn−L pjÉLl©−f h¤T−a h¡ Ae¤ih Ki‡Z q¡m Hhw j¡L¡j GKgvÎ Ef¡uz ¢jpÚl£
H pwœ²¡¿¹ gZev` fÐc¡e K‡ibz f−l ¢jpÚl£l gZev` S¤e¡−uc †h¡Nc¡c£ ¢m¢fhÜ Hhw p¤pwqa
K‡ibz S¤e¡−uc ®h¡Nc¡c£l ¢noÉ A¡n-¢nhm£ HC j−al A¡lJ f¢lhdÑe L−l ÙÛ¡u£ l©f fÐc¡e
L−ib| a−h mydx−cl g‡a¨ p¡aviYa phÑ−M¡c¡h¡c£ nIqvi pñ¡he¡ b¡K‡jI wKsev HC pjÙ¹
mydxp¡dL Avjøvnim‡½ AvZ¥vi ¢jm−el Ifl ®S¡l ¢c−mJ phÑ−M¡c¡h¡c£ wQ‡jb e¡z
¢L¿º A¢a AÒf mg‡ql g‡a¨ h¡uS£c A¡m-®h¡Ù¹¡j£, jep¤l q¡õ¡S mydxh¡−cl Efk¤Ñš² gZev‡`i
Ae¤p¡l£ q−u mydxh¡c−L phÑ−M¡c¡h¡−c (PantheisL) Eæ£a K‡ibz Hl g~j E−ŸnÉ n‡jv phC
Avjøvn Hhw AvjøvnC phz AbÑ¡v S¡N¢aL-cªnÉj¡e phC HL Avjøvni pš¡l h¢qxfÐL¡nz
h¡uS£c A¡m-®h¡Ù¹¡j£ mydxh¡−cl g‡a¨ g¡e¡ (A¡aÈ¢he¡ne) ¯Í‡il fÐhaÑe K‡ibz g¡e¡

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-73
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

n‡jvAvjøvni pš¡u ¢e−S−L A¡aÈpj¡¢qa Kivi eÉ¡up‰a f¢lZ¢az A¡aÈ¢he¡n−el jdÉ ¢c−u
mydxp¡dL Hje HL ch©v‡q Efe£a qe ®kM¡−e Avjøvn Hhw h¡¾c¡l g‡a¨cv_©K¨_v‡K e¡z
jep¤l q¡õ¡S HC aviY¡−L A¡lJ HLV¤ H¢N−u ¢e−u "h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q'-H Efe£a K‡ibz wZwb j−e
K‡ib ®k, Avjøvn au¡l wbR Ae¤l©−f gvbyl−L m„wóK‡i‡Qez HC ¯Í‡igvby‡li A¢Ù¹aÅ ¢hm¤ç quz
HC ch©v‡q Efe£a q−u q¡õ¡S "A¡¢jC mZ¨' h−m fÐPviK‡ibz ¢L¿º Zuvi HC phÑ−M¡c¡h¡c
phÑSe£ea¡ m¡i L−l¢ez AdÉ¡fL A¡ë¤m q¡C h−me, "The pantheistic views of al-Hallaj
have frequently occured in Sufi teaching but this is not, however, universal"z
mydxh¡−cl phÑ−no d¡f fkÑ¿¹ Eæ£a nIqvi flJ mydxgZev` p¤pwqa J p¤pwhÜ qu¢ez A¡h¤
epl A¡p-p¡ll¡S ay¡l "¢La¡h¤m m¤j¡' e¡jL NË−¿Û mydxgZev‡`i a¡¢mj (¢nr¡) J al£L¡l
¢hÙ¹¡¢la hZÑe¡ ¢m¢fhÜ K‡ibz cieZx©‡Z†Kvb†Kvbmydx'l A` i`wk©Zvi L¡l−Z p¡aviYgvby‡li
¢hnÄ¡p q¡l¡uz mydxh¡−cl H−qe AhÙÛ¡ kMe fÐLV, ZLb A¡h¤m L¡¢nj A¡m-L¤n¡Cl£ Hhw Bgvg
A¡m-N¡k¡m£ H¢N−u H−pwQ‡jbmydxh¡−cl GKWU °h‘¡¢eL e¨vL¨v fÐc¡−el SeÉz A¡m-L¤n¡Cl£
ay¡l ¢hMÉ¡a NË¿Û "¢lp¡m¡a'-H mydxh¡−cl wewfbœ ¢cL e¨vL¨vK‡ibz wZwb ay¡l f§−hÑl A‡bKmyd£
p¡a‡il ®cJu¡ HL−f−n °e¢aL h¡dÉh¡dLa¡q£e mydxgZev‡`i a£hÊ pj¡−m¡Qe¡
K‡ibGesmydx`k©b−L cÖ‡qvRb£u pw−n¡de Hhw †KviAv‡bi A¡−m¡−L ®Y−m p¡S¡−e¡l A¡−hce
S¡e¡ez
Bgvg N¡k¡m£ mydxh¡c−L phÑp¡d¡l−Z Se¢fÐu L−l ®a¡−me Hhw Bmjvg£ Rxeb hÉhÙÛ¡l
Af¢lq¡kÑ f¡me£u ¢ho−ul g‡a¨ A¿¹iѤš² Kivi SeÉ hÉhÙÛ¡ −eez H mg‡qBmjvg djÑ e¡e¡ ¢cL
®b−L r¢aNËÙÛ q¢µRmz NË£L `k©b, gyZvwhjvwPšÍvd¡l¡, Kv`vwiqv, Rvevwiqv fÐiª¢a `k©b J
ja¡c−nÑl fÐi¡−h Bmjvg a¡l A¡pm l©f q¡l¡−a h−pwQjz Bgvg N¡k¡m£ H pjÙ¹ jAv`k© Hhw
fÐi¡h ®b−L Bmjvg−L euvPv‡bvi hÉhÙÛ¡ −eez ®pSeÉ ay¡−L "ý‹¡a¤m Bmjvg' h¡ "Bmjv‡gi
lrL' ejv quz wZwb j¤a¡L¡¢õj¤e A¡−¾c¡m−el AeÉaj f¤−l¡d¡ wQ‡jbz ay¡l fÐ−Qø¡u
mydx`k©bmybœx jkq¡−hl A¿¹iѤš² qu Hhw °h‘¡¢eL l©f m¡i L−lz fСu ph mg‡qC mydx p¡dL
Hhw p¡aviYgymjgvb−cl g‡a¨ ¢h−l¡d wQjz p¡aviYgymjgvbiva‡g©i h¡¢qÉL Hhw i¡p¡i¡p¡ ¢cL
¢e−u p¿ºø b¡Laez ¢L¿º mydxl¡ a‡g©i Ni£−l fÐ−hn Ki‡Zez Bgvg N¡k¡m£ mydx J
p¡aviYgymjgvb−cl g‡a¨mgš^qKivi hÉhÙÛ¡ L−l mydxgZev`−L p¡d¡l−ZÉ ü£Lª¢a m¡i Kivi
SeÉ p¤−k¡N L−l ®cez wZwb ü‘¡−L ‘¡−el GKgvÎDrm ¢q−p−h ®j−e ®eez j¤¢š² f¡Ju¡l
GKgvÎ Ef¡u n‡jvkixqZ J mydxa−šÆl pj¢eÄa fbz wZwb ay¡l "CqCÚu¡ Em¤j A¡m c£e'
Hhw "¢L¢ju¡−u p¡'c¡a' e¡jL NË¿Ûà−u mydxa−šÆl pwú¡l p¡de K‡ibz
Bgvg N¡k¡m£l f−l au¡l à¡l¡ fÐi¡¢ha q−u A‡bK C¢aq¡pMÉ¡a mydxi A¡¢hiÑ¡h O−Vz Hu−cl
g‡a¨ A¡ë¤m L¡−cl ¢Sm¡e£, ¢nq¡h¤Ÿ£e ®p¡ql¡Ju¡cÑ£, jDe¤Ÿ£e ¢QnÚa£, g¢lc¤Ÿ£e A¡Ëvl,
wbR¡j¤Ÿ£e A¡J¢mu¡ cÖgyL AeÉajz ¢qSl£ pçj na−L myd£h¡−cl A¡lJ ¢hL¡n O−Vz ®Øfe£u
myd£ j¤q£EŸ£e Che¤m A¡l¡h£ Hhw Che¤m qL Ch−e p¡h£e Hhw f¡lp£u myd£ S¡m¡mEŸ£e
l¦j£ wQ‡jb pj¢dL fТpÜz iægxiA¡j−m mydxh¡c Pig f¢lZ¢a m¡i L−lz ay¡l ¢hMÉ¡a NË¿Û
"jpeh£ nl£g'-®L d¡iwm i¡o¡l †KviAvbejv quz gymwjgwPšÍv¢h−cl g‡a¨ HC NË¿Û HaC nÐÜ¡
ASÑe K‡i‡Q ®k, jlj£ L¡hÉcnÑ−e Hl HLL ¸iæZ¡ HMeJ pj¡p£ez
p¡l-pw−rf
Bmjv‡gi h¡−ae£ ¢cL n‡jvmydxh¡cz L−W¡l afpÉ¡ Hhw A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡−el jdÉ ¢c−u ANËpl
q−u a¾jua¡l n£−oÑ AhÙÛ¡e Ll¡C n‡jvmydxh¡−cl mrÉz ®M¡c¡−fÐj mydxl HL¡¿¹ L¡jÉz ®fÐj
R¡s¡ mydxp¡de¡ pñh euz HC mydxh¡c Bmjvga‡g©i jaC f¤l¡aez mydx'l cÖK…wZ Ae¤p¡−l
nhiZ j¤q¡Çjc (p¡x) ¢e−SJ GKRbmydxwQ‡jbz p¡q¡h£ J a¡−hu£e−cl g‡a¨J mydxh¡−cl
L¡kÑLm¡f ®cM¡ hvqz a−h ¢qSl£ ¢àa£u na−L mydx në¢V p¡d¡l−ZÉ ¢hÙ¹¡l m¡i L−lz S¡j£
Ae¤p¡−l, L¤g¡l HL Aviexu A¡h¤ q¡¢pj fÐbj mydxh¡−cl ®N¡s¡fše K‡ibz
cieZx©‡ZwKQzgymwjg†KviAv‡b h¢ZÑa S£h−el AÙÛ¡¢uaÅ Hhw flL¡−ml iuwLl f¢lZ¢al Lb¡

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -74

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

®i−h Avjøvni Ni£l dÉ¡−e ¢ejNÀ qez Hu−cl g‡a¨ ChС¢qj ¢he A¡cq¡j, l¡−hu¡ hpl£, S¤e-e¤e
¢jpÚl£, c¡Ec A¡a¡a¡u£, g¡¢Sm Ch−e Cu¡S, j¡l¦g L¡lM£ cÖgyL au¡l¡ mK‡jB j−e-fС−Z
Avjøvn−a wb‡R‡KDrmNÑ K‡iwQ‡jb| ¢L¿º mydxh¡−cl †Kvb °h‘¡¢eL e¨vL¨vwQj e¡|d‡j
Ae¤p¡l£l¡ wewfbœ d¡l¡l p¡de¡ Ki‡Z öl¦ L−lbz HC fb ®b−L mydxh¡c−L lr¡ K‡ibBgvg
N¡k¡m£z Bgvg N¡k¡m£l f−l au¡l à¡l¡ fÐi¡¢ha q−u A‡bK C¢aq¡pMÉ¡a mydxl A¡¢hiÑ¡h O−Vz
Ae¤n£me£ xmydxh¡−cl I¢aq¡¢pL S¢lf m¤ú‡K©hv AeMZ n‡q‡Qb Zv ¢e−Sl i¡o¡u ¢mM¤ez
HC f¡−Wl g~j nëpj§q
mydx dÉ¡e j¡u¡h¡c jlj£ a¾jua¡ ‡e`všÍ phÑ−M¡c¡h¡c AvZ¥vi
Eæ¢a L−W¡l p¡de¡ In£ pš¡l Efm¢ì A¡aÈ¢he¡ne

cv‡VvËig~j¨vqb
A. mZ¨ J wg_¨v
1z ¢qSl£ ¢àa£u na−L mydx në¢V p¡d¡l−ZÉ fÐPvi m¡i L−lz mZ¨/wg_¨v
2z mydxnIqvi A¡−N nl£u−al ¢nr¡l `iKvi f−s e¡z mZ¨/wg_¨v
3z A¡l−h mydxh¡c fÐbj Evf¢š m¡i L−lz mZ¨/wg_¨v
4z A¡h¤ epl A¡p-p¡ll¡S "¢La¡h¤m m¤j¡' NË−¿Ûl ®mMLz mZ¨/wg_¨v
A¡. °ehÑÉ¢š²L fÐnÀ
1z "¢lp¡m¡a' NË−¿Ûl ®mML
K) A¡m-L¤n¡Cl£ L) A¡p-p¡ll¡S
M)Bgvg N¡k¡m£ N) jep¤l q¡õ¡S
2z mydxh¡c fТaù¡u fÐbj¢c−L Ahc¡e ®hn£ wQj
K) A¡p-p¡ll¡S-Gl L) S¡j£'l
M) S¤e-e¤e ¢jpÚl£Õl N) S¤e¡−uc ®h¡Nc¡c£Õi
3z "ý‹¡a¤m Bmjvg' ejv qu
K) S¡j£'®L L)Bgvg N¡k¡m£−L
M) A¡m-L¤n¡Cl£−L N) A¡p-p¡ll¡S−L

4z dviwm i¡o¡l †KviAvbejv qu

K) ¢lp¡m¡a−L L) ¢La¡h¤m m¤j¡−L
M)jpeh£ nl£g−L N)†Kvb¢V−LC eu
C. mswÿßiPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z "mydx' në¢V L£i¡−h Evf¢š m¡i K‡i‡Q ?
2z Bgvg N¡k¡m£−L "ý‹¡a¤m Bmjvg' ®Le ejv qu?ms‡ÿ‡ce¨vL¨vKiæbz
D. iPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z mydxh¡c L£i¡−h Evf¢š m¡i K‡i‡Q a¡l ¢hÙ¹¡¢la e¨vL¨v ¢cez
2z L−uLSe ¢hMÉ¡a mydxl e¡j E−õMf§hÑL ay¡−cl jae¨vL¨vKiæbz
Ešlj¡m¡
A. 1z mZ¨ 2z wg_¨v 3z wg_¨v 4z mZ¨
A¡. 1z L 2z N 3z M 4z N

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-75
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cvV - 2
mydxev‡`i A_© I msÁv
(Meaning and Defination of Sufis)

E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• mydxh¡−cl AbÑ m¤ú‡K© hZÑe¡ Ki‡Zcvi‡eb z
• mydxh¡−cl wewfbœ pw‘¡ m¤ú‡K© hm−a cvi‡eb z

i§¢jL¡
"mydx' në¢Vl Evf¢š L£i¡−h qm −p ¢ho−u ja¢h−l¡d i‡q‡Qz ®LE ®LE j−e K‡ib
"A¡pq¡−h myd&dv' ®b−L mydx n−ël Evf¢šz h¡l¡¾c¡u h−p dÉ¡ejNÀ hÉ¢š²−L h¤T¡−a HC në
hÉhq©a n‡q‡Qz Eæa Q¢lœ Hhw cweÎZvl dÄS¡d¡l£ wKQz p¡q¡h¡ jp¢S−c phÑc¡ Bev`Zla
b¡L−aez au¡l¡C mydxa−šÆl S¾j ¢c−u−R h−m A−e−L ¢hnÄ¡p K‡ibz Bmjv‡gi S¾jm−NÀl fÐbj
¢c−Ll gymjgvb, k¡l¡ ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl mv‡_ phÑc¡ b¡L−ae, au¡−cl−L "A¡pq¡−h myd&dv' ejv
quz Avevi "myd' h¡ fnj£ L¡fs f¢ld¡eL¡l£ hÉ¢š²−L h¤T¡−a HC n−ël Evf¢š n‡q‡Q h−m
®LE ®LE j−e L−ib|KviYmydxl¡ wQ‡jb Ae¡sðl Rxeb-k¡feL¡l£−cl fÐa£Lz a−h "A¡pq¡−h
myd&dv' ®b−L në¢Vl Evf¢šl welq¢V ®hn£ NËqZ−k¡NÉ h−m A−e−L j−e L−lbz ¢WL
HLCi¡−h mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡ ¢e−uJ ja¢h−l¡d i‡q‡Qz ®LE ®LE h−me, "Avjøvni pš¡l
Efm¢ìC qm a¡p¡Eg'z Avevi ®LE ®LE j−e K‡ib ®k, "C¢¾cÐuS AvZ¥vi ph fÐhª¢šl
¢hpSÑeC mydxh¡c'z k¡®q¡L, A¿¹−ll ¢hö¢Ül jdÉ ¢c−u S£h−el f§ZÑ ¢hL¡np¡de L−l Avjøvni
pš¡l Efm¢ìC n‡jvmydxh¡−cl g~jj¶¨|
1. mydxh¡−cl AbÑ
"mydx' n−ël AbÑ ¢edÑ¡l−Z wPšÍvwe`−cl g‡a¨ ja¢h−l¡d i‡q‡Qz mydx p¡de¡l C¢aq¡p öl¦
nhiZ j¤qÇjc (p¡x)-Hl pju ®b−Lz ay¡l S£hŸn¡u A‡bK ¢e−h¢ca p¡q¡h¡ jp¢Sc-C-ehh£−a
dÉ¡e a¾ju q−u AvjøvniBev`ZKi‡Zez au¡−cl−L "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡' h¡ "A¡h¤m¤p p¤gÚg¡' ejv
q−a¡z Hl AbÑ n‡jv h¡l¡¾c¡u h−p dÉ¡ejNÀ A¢dh¡p£z HC AbÑ ®b−L "mydx' n−ël Evf¢š h−m
A−e−L j−e K‡ibz au¡l¡ wQ‡jb Eæa Q¢l−œl A¢dL¡l£ Hhw f§a cweÎz †KviAv‡bimwVK
¢nr¡ Hhw ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl mivmwi p¡qQkÑ NËqZ L−l au¡l¡ AaÉ¿¹ p¡aviYRxebk¡fe Ki‡Zez
AcÖ‡qvRb£u Lb¡h¡aÑ¡ hSÑe L−l au¡l¡ ¢k¢Ll-¢g¢Ll J ®j¡l¡L¡h¡-®j¡n¡−qc¡u dÉ¡ejNÀ b¡L−aez
p−hÑ¡f¢l, ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl mv‡_ Lb¡h¡aÑ¡l jdÉ ¢c−u au¡l¡ A‡bK lqpÉju ¢ho−ul ‘¡em¡i
Ki‡Zb| k¡l L¡l−Z S¡N¢aL welq¡hm£ au¡−cl wbKU a¤µR j−e qaz HC "A¡pq¡−h myd&dv'-
−cl g‡a¨Bmjv‡giPviLwjdvQvovInhiZ p¡mj¡e g¡lp£ (l¡x), nhiZ A¡h¤Sl ¢Ng¡l£ (l¡x),
nhiZ A¡h¤ ®q¡l¡ul¡ (l¡x), nhiZ ¢jLc¡R (l¡x), nhiZ j¡u¡S (l¡x) fÐj¤M p¡q¡h£−cl e¡j
E−õM−k¡NÉz Hu−cl g‡a¨ ®hn£li¡N p¡q¡h£ Bmjv‡gi SeÉ de-je-Se DrmNÑ K‡ibz
mv‡_mv‡_Zuviv Hje Ae¡sðl Rxeb-k¡fe Ki‡Ze ®k hÙ»¡i¡−h Zuv‡`i fnj£ Lðm f¢ld¡e
Ki‡Zn‡Zv|
Ae¡sðl Rxeb-k¡f−el fÐa£L HC fnj£ L¡fs ®b−L "mydx' në¢V H−p−R h−m Avevi
A−e−L j−e K‡ibz "mydx' n−ël AbÑ n‡jv fnjz AbÑ¡v mydxn‡jvGKRb hÉ¢š², ¢k¢e fnj£
L¡fs f¢ld¡e K‡ib Hhw Ae¡sðl Rxeb-k¡fe K‡ibz k¢c L¡f−sl Ifl ¢i¢š L−l AbÑ

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -76

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

Ll¡ qu, a¡q−m mydxl h¡C−ll Ahuh Hhw h¢qxf¢lµR−cl Ifl ®S¡l ®cJu¡ quz l¦ch¡l£,
A¡m-L¡m¡h¡c£, Ch−e Mmc¤e Hhw Ab¨vb¨ ®mMLNZ HC A−bÑ "mydx' në¢V−L NËqZ Ki‡Z
Q¡ez ¢L¿º mydxgZev‡`ig~j¢i¢š n‡jv h¡wZb£ ¢cLz h¡¢qÉL ¢`‡K "mydx' h¡ fnj n‡Zmydx
n−ël Eáh qJu¡V¡ k¤¢š²p‰a e‡j j−e qu e¡z a−h "A¡pq¡−h mygÚg¡'-−cl Rxeb-k¡fe
fÐZ¡m£ h¡wZb£ ¢c−Ll ¢e−cÑnL Hhw ay¡l¡ Aa£h L−W¡l afpÉ¡l M¡¢a−l fnj£ L¡fs
e¨enviKi‡Zez ®pSeÉ "A¡pq¡−h myd&dv' ®b−L mydx n−ël Evf¢šl welq¢V A¢dL k¤¢š²NË¡qÉ
h−m j−e quz
¢L¿º GLv‡bC welq¢V j£j¡w¢pa euz mydx në¢V A¡p−m hÉ¡fLal A−bÑ hÉhq©a quz öd¤j¡œ
f¢l−du h−Ù»l Ifl ¢i¢š L−l Gi AbÑ Ll¡ ¢WL q−h e¡z ®LE ®LE j−e K‡ib ®k në¢V
H−p−R "p¡g' h¡ p¡¢l ®b−L;Avevi ®LE j−e K‡ib "p¡g¡' h¡ cwi®‹vi ®b−L në¢V H−p−R,
A−e−L j−e K‡ib "p¡gÚg¡qÚ' h¡ ®h¾p (bench) −b−L në¢Vl Evf¢šz welq¢Viwfbœ wZb¢V
gZev`wb‡æv³ N˦−f i¡N Ll¡ ®k−a f¡−lz fÐbj cm Ae¤p¡−l, "p¡g' në¢Vl AbÑ n‡jv p¡¢l h¡
L¡a¡lz mydxl¡ fÐbj L¡a¡l h¡ p¡¢ll gvbylz p¤al¡w "p¡g' ®b−LC HC në¢V Evf¢š m¡i
K‡i‡Qz
¢L¿º HV¡ ¢WL euz ®j¡õ¡ S¡j£ (l¡x) J a¡yl ¢noÉNZ j−e K‡ib ®k, mydx në¢V "p¡g¡' në
®b−L H−p−Rz "p¡g¡' AbÑ cwi®‹vi h¡ cweÎZvz HV¡C n‡jv ¢àa£u c−ml jaz HC dl−bl
Evf¢šNa ¢h−nÔo−Zl KviYn‡jv, mydxl¡ p¡aviYa f§a-Q¢l−œl A¢dL¡l£ nb Hhw f¢i®‹vi
f¢lµRæ _v‡Kbz a−h HC hZÑe¡J AaÉ¿¹ pwL£ZÑ Hhw A−k±¢š²Lz AeÉ¢c−L aªa£u c−ml ja
n‡jvmydx në¢V "mvd&dvn' në¢V ®b−L H−p−Rz AdÉ¡fL q¡C−ul j−a, "According to the
third group, they are called Sufis because their qualities resemble those of 'the people of
the bench', who lived in the time of prophet"z HLCi¡−h ejvhvq, HC nëNa AbÑJ
pwL£ZÑz
AdÉ¡fL ¢eLmpepq A‡bK f¡ÕQ¡aÉ wPšÍvwe` j−e K‡ib ®k, NË£L `k©‡biGKWU c¡nÑ¢eL
†Mvôx "®p¡¢gØV' ®b−L mydx në¢V H−p−Rz "−p¡¢gØV' n−ël AbÑ ‘¡e£ Hhw HC AbÑ¢V
mydx−cl m¤ú‡K© fÐ−u¡N Ll¡ q−u _v‡Kz HV¡ ¢WL ®k, mydxl¡ ‘¡−el aviK J evnKz ¢L¿º
a¡C h−m −p¡¢gØV ®b−L mydx n−ël Eáh qu¢ez KviY NË£L `k©‡bim‡½ f¢lQu m¡i
KiviA‡bK A¡−N ®b−LC gymwjgwPšÍvwe`−cl g‡a¨ HC n−ël e¨envi mrZ£uz mydxa−šÆl
g~jp¤l AaÉ¿¹ hÉ¡fLz ®p L¡l−Z "A¡pq¡−h myd&d¡' ®b−L AbÑ NËqZ Ll−m Hl hÉ¡fLa¡ l¢ra
quz ¢L¿º A‡bK f¢äa H ¢ho−u HLja ®k, mydx në¢V "myd' në ®b−L H−p−Rz AdÉ¡fL
q¡C h−me, "Considering all these points it can be said that the word Sufihas beenderived
from the word 'suf' and not from any other word. Scholars are now practically unanimous
on this point"z
Avjøvn Hhw gvby‡li jdÉL¡l ®fÐj−L mydxh¡−c me‡P‡q¸iæZ¡ ®cJu¡ n‡q‡Qz ®fÐ−jl jdÉ ¢c−u
h¡¾c¡ a¡l A¿¹−ll cweÎZv à¡l¡ Avjøvni p¡¢ædÉ m¡i L−l _v‡Kbz ®pSeÉ mydx−cl wbKU HC
®fÐj n‡jv A¡pm djÑül©fz HC f−b Avjøvn fС¢çl p¡de¡ L−l ¢e−S−L g¡e¡ L−l ¢c−u Zuvi
pš¡u ¢hm£e L−l ®cJu¡C mydxi mrÉz cweΆKviAv‡bi p§l¡ j¡uc¡u ejvn‡q‡Q, "®k
Avjøvnimv‡_ ®fÐj L−l AvjøvnJ a¡l mv‡_ ®fÐj K‡ibzÕ
cweÎ †KviAv‡b D×…Z :
"wZwb (AvjøvM) A¡¢c J A¿¹, cªnÉ J AcªnÉ Hhw wZwb phÑ‘¡a¡zÕ (57x3)
"Avjøvn f§hÑ J f¢ÕQ−j A¡−Re, KV‡RB ®kM¡−e †Zvgv‡`i j¤Mjäm ¢gl¡J e¡ ®Le, ®pM¡−eC
Avjøvn A¡−Re, ¢eÕQu Avjøvn phÑhÉ¡f£, phÑ‘zÕ (2x115)

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-77
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

"A¡¢j gvbylm„wó L−l¢R Hhw a¡l je ¢eiª−a ®k L¤wPšÍv L−l, ®p pð−åJ A¡¢j AhNa A¡¢Rz
A¡¢j a¡l NË£h¡¢ÙÛa dje£ ®b−LJ A¢dL wbKUhaÑ£zÕ (50x16)
Hph AvqvZ fÐj¡Z L−l ®k, Avjøvn phÑhÉ¡f£ Hhw phÑ‘z gvby‡li j−e Hhw j−el h¡C−ll pjÙ¹
Mhl m¤ú‡K©Avjøvn ‘¡az nv`x‡me¨š² n‡q‡Q, "®k hÉ¢š² ¢e−S−L ®S−e−R, ®p hÉ¢š² a¡l lh−L
®S−e−RzÕ
mydxh¡−c ®pSeÉ Avjøvn J gvby‡lig‡a¨ ®fÐ−jl ®pa¤ L£i¡−h °al£ Ll¡ hvq ®p ¢ho−u
ejvn‡q‡Qz ®fÐjq£e Bev`Z L−l †KvbgvbylAvjøvni p¡¢ædÉ m¡i Ki‡Zcv‡ib e¡z mydx−nÐù
RvjvjDÏxb l¦j£ (l¡x) h−m−Re, "¢elp Bev`ZL¡l£ Avjøvn fС¢çl p¡j¡eÉaj fb HL j¡−p
A¢aœ²j Ki‡eb; fr¡¿¹−l Avjøvn®fТjL hÉ¢š² fТa gyn~‡Z©Avjøvni ¢pwq¡p−e ®fy±−R k¡bzÕ
2. mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡
wewfbœ ®mML mydxh¡c−L wewfbœi¡−h pw‘¡¢ua K‡i‡Qez mydxh¡−cl cÖK…Z pw‘¡ ¢eZÑ−ul SeÉ
fÐb−j wewfbœ ®mM−Ll ®cJu¡ pw‘¡pj§q ¢h−hQe¡ Ll¡ ®k−a f¡−lz
j¡'l¦g A¡m-L¡lÚM£ mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡ ¢c−a ¢N−u h−me, "AvjøvnimËvi Efm¢ìC a¡p¡Eg'z HC
Efm¢ì pñh qu A¡aÈ¢he¡n−el jdÉ ¢c−uz C¢¾cÐuS pLm A¢i‘a¡−L h¡c ¢c−u, A¡aÈ¡−L
Lm¤oj¤š² L−l q©c−ul Ni£l ®b−L Avjøvn−L Abyf‡ei j‡¶¨ a¡l pš¡l mv‡_ ¢hm£e qJu¡C
A¡aÈ¢he¡nez S¤e-e¤e ¢jpÚl£ (l¡x)-Hl j−a, "Avjøvn R¡s¡ AeÉ phwKQz f¢lhSÑe Ll¡C
mydxh¡cÕz S¤e¡−uc ®h¡Nc¡c£ (l¡x) h−me, "Rxeb, jªa¤É J AeÉ ph ¢ho−u AvjøvniIfl f§ZÑ
¢eiÑla¡C n‡jvmydxh¡c"z ¢e−Sl g‡a¨ k¢c Aqw−h¡d L¡S L−l a¡q−m flj pš¡−L †Kvbi¡−hC
f¡Ju¡ hv‡e e¡z Aqw−h¡a‡i ¢he¡n L−l GKgvÎAvjøvni p¡q¡kÉ Hhw i¡mh¡p¡ Q¡Ju¡l jdÉ
¢c−uC mydx…Z f¡Ju¡ pñhz A¡m-L¤n¡Cl£ (l¡x)-Hl j−a, "S£h−el h¡C−ll J A¿¹−ll
¢höÜa¡C mydxh¡cÕz HLCi¡−h A¡h¤m ýp¡Ce e§l£ (l¡x)J HLC p¤−l h−me, "C¢¾cÐuS AvZ¥vi
ph fÐhª¢šl ¢hpSÑeC mydxh¡cÕz
mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡ ¢c−a ¢N−u S¡L¡¢lu¡ A¡ep¡l£ (l¡x) au¡l mydx A¢i‘a¡l hZÑe¡ −cez wZwb
h−me, "mydxh¡c gvby‡liAvZ¥vi ¢h−n¡d−el ¢nr¡ c¡e L−lz a¡l °e¢aL Rxeb−L Eæa L−l
Hhw ÙÛ¡u£ ¢eu¡j−al A¢dL¡l ASÑ−el E−Ÿ−n gvby‡li ¢ial J h¡¢q−ll Rxeb−L N−s ®a¡−mz
AvZ¥vicweÎZvweavbC Hl welqhÙ¹¤ Hhw Hl mrÉ wPišÍb n¡¢¿¹zÕAvevi A¡m£ A¡l-l¦ch¡l£
h−me, "f¡¢bÑh SNZ−L c§−l ¢e−rf L−l Avjøvni fR¾ce£u f§ZÑ j¡e−hl (ivm~j l¡x) fb
Ae¤plZ Ll¡C mydxa−šÆl g~j E−ŸnÉÕz
Df−ll pw‘¡…−m¡ ®b−L HV¡C fÐa£uj¡e qu ®k, A¿¹−ll ¢hö¢Ül j¡dÉ−j h¡qÉ J A¿¹l
S£h−el f¢lf§ZÑ ¢hL¡n p¡de L−l flj pš¡l Efm¢ìl jdÉ ¢c−u wPišÍb n¡¢¿¹ m¡iC
mydxh¡−cl g~j ¢nr¡z
p¡l-pw−rf
mydxh¡c Bmjv‡gi`„wó‡Z GK jlj£ gZh¡cz Z‡e mydx'l pw‘¡ J Evf¢š ¢e−u wewfbœ
®mM−Ll g‡a¨ jacv_©K¨i‡q‡Qz ®LE j−e K‡ib jp¢Sc-C-ehh£−a dÉ¡ela "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡'
®b−L mydx n−ël Evf¢šz Avevi ®LE j−e L−lb ®k, Ae¡sðl Rxeb-k¡f−el fÐa£L fnj£
L¡fs ®b−L mydx n−ël Evf¢šz KviYmydxl¡ fnj£ L¡fs f¢ld¡e Ki‡Zbz "myd' n−ël AbÑ
n‡jv fnjz ®j¡õ¡ S¡j£ (l¡x) J au¡l ¢noÉNZ j−e K‡ib ®k, mydx në¢V "p¡g¡' në ®b−L
Evf¢š m¡i K‡i‡Qz "p¡g¡' n−ël AbÑ n‡jv f¢l×L¡l h¡ cweÎZvz mydxl¡ q−me f¢l×L¡l J
cweÎZvl fÐa£Lz mydxh¡−cl pw‘¡l hÉ¡f¡−lJ ja−ic A¡−Rz ®LE h−me, "Avjøvni pš¡l
Efm¢ì'C n‡jvmydxh¡cz Avevi†Kvb†Kvb ®mML j−e K‡ib ®k, "S£h−el h¡C−ll J AšÍ−ll

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -78

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

¢höÜa¡C mydxh¡c'z ®p k¡−q¡L, A¿¹−ll ¢hö¢Ül j¡dÉ−j h¡qÉ J A¿¹l S£h−el f¢lf§ZÑ ¢hL¡n
p¡de L−l flj pš¡l Efm¢ìl jdÉ ¢c−u wPišÍb n¡¢¿¹ m¡iC n‡jvmydxev`z
Ae¤n£me£ xmydxh¡−cl mwVK AbÑ L£ qJu¡ E¢Qa h−m Avcwb j−e K‡ib ?Av‡jvPbvKiæbz
HC f¡−Wl g~j nëpj§q
flj n¡¢¿¹ p¡g h¡wZb£ ¢cL myd A¿¹−ll ¢höÜa¡ ¢k¢Ll-¢g¢Ll p¡g¡ Ni£l
dÉ¡e ®j¡l¡L¡h¡ A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡ Avjøvni p¡¢ædÉ ®j¡n¡−qc¡

cv‡VvËig~j¨vqb

A. mZ¨ J wg_¨v
1z "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡' AbÑ fnj£ L¡fsz mZ¨/wg_¨v
2z "p¡gÚg¡qÚ' AbÑ n‡jv ®h¾p h¡ p¡¢lz mZ¨/wg_¨v
3z "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡'®cl g‡a¨Bmjv‡gi fÐbj PviLwjdvi‡q‡Qez mZ¨/wg_¨v
4z mydxh¡−c cweÎZvl Ifl ®aje ®S¡l ®cJu¡ qu¢ez mZ¨/wg_¨v

A¡. °ehÑÉ¢š²L fÐnÀ

1z "A¡pq¡−h p¤gÚg¡' AbÑ n‡jv
K)fÐbj p¡¢l L)cweÎZv
M)a¾ju q−u Bev`ZL¡l£ N) ph pju Bev`ZL¡l£
2z "p¡g¡' n−ël AbÑ n‡jv
K)a¾jua¡ L) p¡¢l
M)fnj£ L¡fs N)cweÎZv
3z mydxh¡−c Avjøvni pš¡u ¢hm£e nIqvi`iKvi A¡−R
K)e¡ L) qyÉ¡
M)ejv L¢We N) hZÑe¡ Ll¡ cÖ‡qvRb
4z "®p¡¢gØV' n−ël AbÑ ¢L
K) ‘¡e£ L)mydx
M) ®h¾p N) ®fn¡c¡l ¢nrL
C. mswÿßiPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z "mydx' n−ël AbÑ m¤ú‡K© ¢eLmp−el jae¨vL¨vKiæbz
2z L−uLSe fÐMÉ¡a mydxl "mydx'l AbÑ pÇf¢LÑa jams‡ÿ‡ce¨vL¨vKiæbz

D. iPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z "mydx' n−ël AbÑ L£i¡−h H−p−R a¡ ¢hÙ¹¡¢la Av‡jvPbvKiæbz
2z mydxh¡−cl GKWU p−¿¹¡oSeL pw‘¡ ¢cez
Ešlj¡m¡
A. 1z wg_¨v 2z mZ¨ 3z wg_¨v 4z wg_¨v
A¡. 1z N 2z O 3z M 4z L

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-79
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cvV - 3

mydx fb
(Sufi Path)

E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• mydx f−bl mswÿße¨vL¨v ¢c−a cvi‡eb z
• kixqZ J al£L−al ¢hÙ¹¡¢la hZÑe¡ Ki‡Zcvi‡eb z
• gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZm¤ú‡K© ¢hÙ¹¡¢la Rvb−a cvi‡eb z

i§¢jL¡
myg£h¡−cl g~j mrÉ n‡jvAvjøvnimËvi Efm¢ìz HC m−rÉ †cuŠQvi SeÉ mydx p¡d−Kl L¢We
fb A¢aœ²j Ki‡Z quz S£h¡aÈ¡−L ®j¡V Pvifv‡M Ll¡ hvq x E¢ác¡aÈ¡, ®fÐoZ¡aÈ¡, ®h±¢ÜL¡aÈ¡
Hhw cweÎvZ¥vz p¡de¡l jdÉ ¢c−u mydx−L L¸VL¡L£ZÑ fb ®f¢l−u cweΡaÈ¡l ¢c−L ¢e−S−L l¦S¤
Ki‡Z quz mydxp¡dL GKRbAva¨vwZ¥K …l¦l Ad£−e HC fb A¢aœ²j L−l _v‡Kbz HC
fb…−m¡ n‡jv x kixqZ, ZixKZ, gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZz Bmjv‡gig~jweavbC n‡jvkixqZz
mydx−L nl£u−al ph welqC lç L−l a¡ p¡de¡l L¡−S m¡N¡−a quz HC d¡f pj¡ç q−m
ZixKZ¯Í‡imydxp¡dL Efe£a qez …l¦l mivmwi ¢e−cÑ−n ZLbmydx dÉ¡−e jNÀ qez GKWU
¢h−no pju fkÑ¿¹ p¡dL …l¦l Ad£−e p¡de¡ K‡ibz gv‡idvZn‡jv flhaÑ£ d¡fz HC ¯Í‡i
p¡dL Avjøvni f¢lQu ‘¡em¡i K‡ib Hhw phÑ−no h¡ nvKxKZ¯Í‡i p¡dL Avjøvni p¡r¡r
‘¡em¡i K‡ibz
1. p¤g£ f−bl mswÿß hZÑe¡
flj pËø¡ Avjøvnimv‡_ ¢jmeC mydx p¡de¡l Qlj J flj mrÉz AvZ¥vicweÎZv AR©‡bi jdÉ
¢c−u HC ch©v‡q Eæ£a q−a quz AvZ¥vicweÎZv p¡de pqS L¡S euz os¢lf¤ cjepq e¡e¡
h¡d¡¢hf¢š A¢aœ²j L−l AvZ¥vi HC Eæ¢a p¡de Ki‡Z quz Ss fc¡−bÑl fÐi¡−h A¡aÈ¡ phÑc¡
wewfbœ dl−bl f¡f¡Q¡−l ¢mç q−a Q¡uz ®p…−m¡ ®b−L ¢el¿¹l j¤š² b¡L−a q−m GKgvÎ L−W¡l
p¡de¡ Ahmðe Ll¡ clKviY A¡aÈ¡−L Pvi¢V ch©v‡q i¡N Ll¡ hvq x E¢ác¡aÈ¡, ®fÐoZ¡aÈ¡,
®h±¢ÜL¡aÈ¡ Hhw cweΡaÈ¡z f¢eœ¡aÈ¡ Avjøvni Jq£fСç k¡ i§a-i¢hoÉv S¡e−a f¡−l| HC
AvZ¥vi L¡S Avjøvni ¢œ²u¡fla¡lC gm; eh£-l¡p jivhv fСç n‡q‡Qez AeÉ¢c−L ®fÐoZ¡aÈ¡
n‡jv S−sl M¤h L¡R¡L¡¢Rz HC AvZ¥vigva¨‡g f¡f KvR ®hn£ nIqvi pñ¡he¡ _v‡Kz HC
AhÙÛ¡ ®b−L f¢lœ¡Z f¡Ju¡ mydx A¢i‘a¡l fСb¢jL KVRz p¡de¡l HC fСb¢jL AhÙÛ¡
A¢aœ²j L−l −h±¢ÜL¡aÈ¡ ®f¢l−u cweÎZvl ¢c−L ¢e−S−L l¦S¤ Kivi SeÉ L¸VL¡L£ZÑ J c¤NÑj
fb mydx−L Su Ki‡Z quz HC fb f¢lœ²j¡−L ®j¡V Pvi¢V ch©v‡q i¡N Ll¡ hvqz ®p…−m¡
n‡jv x kixqZ, ZixKZ, gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZz
Bmjv‡gi A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡eC n‡jvkixqZz L−mj¡, bvgvR, ®l¡S¡, hvKvZ J q‹Æ HC fy¡Q¢V
¸iæZ¡f§ZÑ Hhw AhnÉ f¡me£u A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡e ¢e−u kixqZ N¢Waz nl£u−al ¢h¢d-weavb ®j−e
Qm¡l j¡dÉ−j mydx ¢e−S−L °al£ K‡ib Hhw flhaÑ£ d¡−f Eæ£a qe z HC d¡f−L ZixKZ
h−mz HC ch©v‡qmydx-p¡dL GKRb f£l h¡ j¤nÑ£−cl nlZ¡fæ qe Hhw au¡l ®cJu¡ L−W¡l
¢euj-L¡e¤e ®j−e Q−mez HC d¡f f¢lf§ZÑi¡−h Eš£ZÑ nIqvi jdÉ ¢c−u mydx-p¡dL aªa£u d¡−f,

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -80

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

AbÑ¡v gv‡idvZch©v‡q Efe£a qez HC ch©v‡qmydxAva¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡−L A¡−m¡¢La qe Hhw

Avjøvni Kv‡Q ¢e−S−L f¢lf§ZÑi¡−h ¢e−h¢ca K‡ibz gv‡idvZch©v‡q Eš£ZÑ q−u myg£ f−bl
®nod¡f q¡L£L−a DcbxZ qe Hhw Avjøvn−a wb‡R‡K mgc©Y K‡ib|
2. kixqZ J ZixKZ
kixqZ hm−a HLLb¡u Bmjvg£ Rxeb-weavb−L h¤T¡uz "kixqZ' në¢V "nl¡' në ®b−L
G‡m‡Qz "nl¡' n−ël A¡¢id¡¢eL AbÑ n‡jvAvBb, ¢h¢d, weavb, fb CaÉ¡¢cz "kixqZ' në¢V
aJq£c‘¡fL; AbÑ¡v Avjøvn LaªÑL h¡¾c¡l Icl weavb k¡ AhnÉ f¡me£uz nl£u−al
†Kvbweavb Aj¡eÉ Ll−m f¡f quz gvbyl†KvbÚV¡ Ki‡e Hhw †KvbÚV¡ Ki‡e e¡ AbÑ¡v q¡m¡m J
q¡l¡−jl cv_©K¨ ¢e−cÑn L−l kixqZz AhnÉ f¡me£u Kv‡Rig‡a¨ L−mj¡, bvgvR, ®l¡S¡, hvKvZ
J n¾¡ AeÉaj-k¡l e¨vL¨v†KviAvb Hhw nv`x‡mi‡q‡Qz ®p¢cL ®b−L †KviAvb J nv`xmn‡jv
nl£u−al g~j¢i¢šz mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡u nl£u−al ¢nr¡ ¢e−Sl g‡a¨ f§ZÑ¡‰iƒ‡c ev¯Íevqbn‡jv
fСl¢ñL ¯Íiz p¡aviYgymjgvb Hhw mydx p¡a‡il g‡a¨ HC ch©v‡q†Kvbcv_©K¨_v‡K e¡z ¢L¿º
flhaÑ£ ®k pjÙ¹ fb mydx p¡a‡il f¢lœ²jZ Ki‡Z qu a¡l SeÉ `iKvi HC ch©v‡q nl£u−al
f§ZÑ¡‰ l©f¡uZz kixqZ ®j−e Qm¡l j¡dÉ−j Ch¡c−al h¡¢qÉL fÐL¡n pj¡d¡ quz mydx fb
f¢lœ²j¡u HC fkÑ¡u−L fÐÙ¹¤¢a fhÑ wn‡m‡e dl¡ quz nl£u−al fÐ−aÉL¢V weavb ®j−e Qm¡l jdÉ
¢c−u mydx fÐhª¢špj§q−L ¢eu¢¿»a L−l ¢e−Sl Ad£−e A¡eue K‡ib Hhw mydx p¡de¡l fСl¢ñL
¯Íi pj¡fe K‡ibz †KviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q x
"A¡l ®k hÉ¢š² ay¡l p¾`k©b L¡je¡ L−l ®p ®ke HC HL J A¢àa£u fÐi¤l cÖv_©e¡u A¡l
L¡−LJ nl£L e¡ L−lzÕ (18x110)

"®q ®j¡−jeNZ, Avjøvn−L ®j−e Q¢mJ, l¡m j‡L ®j−e Q¢mJ, A¡l †Zvgv‡`i Q¡mL J
®ea¡−clzÕ (4x59)
kixqZm¤§ZBev`Z−L c¤'fv‡M i¡N Ll¡ hvq; kb¡ - q‚¤õ¡q h¡ Avjøvni fТa gvby‡li LaÑhÉ
Hhw q‚¤m Ch¡c h¡ mvgvwRK LaÑhÉz Dj¡e, bvgvR, ®l¡S¡, hvKvZ J n¾¡ f¡mepq Avjøvni
A¡−cn J ¢e−od f¡me−L q‚¤õ¡q h−mz AvjøvnimivmwiBev`ZC q‚¤õ¡qz AeÉ¢c−L gvby‡li
Hhw AvjøvniAb¨vb¨m„wól fТa LaÑhÉ J c¡¢uaÅ f¡m−el j¡dÉ−j Avjøvni f−l¡r Bev`ZC n‡jv
q‚¤m Ch¡cz q‚¤õ¡q Hhw q‚¤m Ch¡c−al j¡dÉ−j mydxkixqZ pÇfæ K‡ibz
aJq£−cl f−b Qm¡−L ZixKZ h−mz AbÑ¡v kixqZ AbÑ ¢h¢d, weavbev fb; A¡l ZixKZ AbÑ
Avjøvniweavb h¡ fb a‡i Qm¡z nv`x‡mejvn‡q‡Q, "A¡¢j (ivm~j p¡x) k¡ L−l¢R a¡C ZixKZÕz
mydxh¡−c ZixKZ−L GKWU ¢h−no Hhw hÉ¡fLal A−bÑ hÉhPvi Ll¡ n‡q‡Qz ZixKZmydx fb
f¢lœ²j¡i ¢àa£u ¯Íiz nl£u−al ph dl−bl LjÑL¡ä ¢e−Sl g‡a¨cÖwZwôZ L−l mydxp¡dL
ZixKZ¯Í‡i Efe£a qez aJq£−cl f−b Q−m cÖK…Z p−aÉl N§taj lqpÉ EcÚO¡Ve L−l
Avcbvi J flj Rv−al `k©bm¡iC mydxl SeÉ ZixKZ¯Í‡il L¡Sz †KviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q :
"Avjøvn-ku¡l¡ ay¡l p¿º¢ø L¡je¡ K‡ib au¡−cl−L ¢el¡fš¡l fb fÐ`k©bK‡ib Hhw au¡−cl−L ü£u
¢e−cÑn à¡l¡ AåL¡l ®b−L ®hl L−l A¡−m¡l ¢c−L A¡eue K‡ib Hhw plm f−b f¢lQ¡me¡
K‡ibzÕ (5x16)
mydxmvaK‡`iZixKZ ¯Í‡i ¢h−no Hhw L−W¡l ¢euj L¡e¤−el jdÉ ¢c−u Qm−a quz al£L−al
j¡dÉ−j Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡L fС¢çl ®Qø¡ Ll¡ quz ®pSeÉ `iKvi qu A¡−m¡LfСç L¡mÚh-Hl;
AbÑ¡v GB ¯Í‡igynÑ£−cl p¡q¡−kÉl `iKvi quz d‡j j¤nÑ£−cl fТa f§ZÑ A¡e¤NaÉ fÐ`k©b Ll¡
HL¡¿¹ cÖ‡qvRb quz nv`x‡mejvn‡q‡Q, "Avjøvni …−Z …Z¡¢eÄa qJÕz A¡l HC …Z¡hm£l fÐL¡n

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-81
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

O−V−R ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl Av`k© Q¢l−œl jdÉ ¢c−uz A¡l ®p Av`k© ¢e−Sl g‡a¨ l©f¡¢ua Ki‡Z
q−m L−W¡l p¡de¡u A¡aÈ¢e−u¡N Ll¡ mydx p¡a‡il SeÉ AhnÉ LlZ£u L¡S q−u f−sz
j¤nÑ£−cl ¢e−cÑ−n mydx ®p p¡de¡ öl¦ K‡ib Hhw ¢àd¡q£e¢Q−š au¡l ph A¡−cn-¢e−cÑn I fl¡jnÑ
®j−e Q−mez HC ¯Í‡i j¤l£c j¤nÑ£−cl B”Qvl g‡a¨ ¢e−S−L ¢hm£e L−l ®cez ®pSeÉ HC ¯Íi−L
"g¡e¡u ®nM' ejv q−u _v‡Kz
3. gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZ
mydx p¡de¡l aªa£u ¯Íi h¡ d¡f n‡jvgv‡idvZz HC ¯Íi−L Avjøvni f¢lQu ‘¡e h−mz p¡a‡il
SeÉ HV¡ Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡−Ll ¯Íiz Avjøvnm¤ú‡K© f¢lf§ZÑ ‘¡em¡i Kivi SeÉ p¡dL a¡l
L¡mÚh−L Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡−L A¡−m¡¢La K‡ibz HLC mv‡_ hÙ¹¤l ¢bM p inm¨ DcjwäI
mva‡Ll f−r pñh quz cÖK…Zf−r, ZixKZ¯Í‡iC p¡a‡il g‡a¨Ava¨vwZ¥Ka¡ m¤ú‡K© hÉ¡L¤ma¡
®cM¡ ®cuz k¡l SeÉ p¡a‡il j−e HL A¢ehÑQe£u J Ai§af§hÑ Ae¤i§¢al m„wó quz HR¡s¡
f§hÑhaÑ£ c¤'¢V ¯Í‡i p¡a‡il j−e S¡N¢aL A‡bKwelq S¡NËa _v‡Kz ¢L¿º HC ch©v‡q a¡l je
®b−L S¡N¢aL pjÙ¹ wPšÍv` ixf‚Z q−a _v‡Kz G‡¶‡Î p¡dL Ap£j−L S¡e−a öl¦ K‡ib
Hhw AS¡e¡ lqpÉ a¡l p¡j−e Øfø q−a _v‡Kz cÖK…Zf−r mZ¨ Efm¢ì Kivi fСb¢jL
ch©v‡qmydxp¡dL AhÙÛ¡e K‡ibz
gv‡idvZ¯Í‡i p¡dL cÖK…ZmZ¨m¤ú‡K© i¡o¡i¡o¡ ‘¡e Efm¢ì K‡ibz HC ¯Íi A¢aœ²j L−l
mydxp¡dL nvKxKZ¯Í‡i h¡ cÖK…ZmZ¨ Efm¢ìl ¯Í‡i Efe£a qez mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡u
nvKxKZn‡jv phÑ−nÐù ¯Íiz Avjøvni Efm¢ì−LC nvKxKZ h−mz AhnÉ dÉ¡−el j¡dÉ−j Avjøvni
Efm¢ì ¢eiÑl L−l ®pC gnvbAvjøvni Ap£j lqj−al Iflz gvbyl ®k wewfbœ Ef¡−u ‘¡e
A¡qlZ Ki‡Z prj, a¡l g‡a¨ ü‘¡ n‡jv AeÉajz mydx p¡a‡il f−r flj p−aÉl ‘¡e
GKgvÎ ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−jC pñhz AbÑ¡v nl£u−al I¢aqÉNa ‘¡e, al£L−al A¢i‘a¡mì ‘¡e
Hhw j¡−lg¡−al wePvi J h¤¢ÜNg¨ ‘¡−el jdÉ ¢c−u p¡dL ®no ch©v‡q ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−j
A¿¹cѪ¢øpÇfæ ‘¡e ASÑe L−l _v‡Kbz Avgiv A¡−NC ®c−M¢R ®k, Avjøvni pš¡u ¢hm£e qJu¡C
mydxgZev‡`i A¡pm E−ŸnÉz HC ¯Í‡i H−pC p¡dL a¡l wbRü üL£ua¡, °h¢nøÉ, ‘¡e-h¤¢Ü,
®Qae¡ phC q¡¢l−u ®g−me Hhw Avjøvni pš¡u g¡e¡ (m£e) q−u hvqz HC AhÙÛ¡−L g¡e¡¢gõ¡qÚ
h−mz cweΆKviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q x "−q fÐn¡¿¹ je, a¤¢j ®a¡j¡l f¡meLaÑ¡l wbKU ¢g−l k¡J
p¿ºø J p−¿¹¡oi¡Se q−uz Aaxfl A¡j¡l h¡¾c¡−cl A¿¹iѤš² q−u k¡J Hhw A¡j¡l S¡æ¡−a
fÐ−hn LlzÕ (89x27-30)
mydx f−_i hZÑe¡u wewfbœ ®mM−Ll g‡a¨ ja¢h−l¡d ®cM¡ hvqz A¡h¤ epl A¡p-p¡l¡S mydx
f−bl hZÑe¡u p¡a¢V ¯Í‡il Lb¡ h−mez ®p…−m¡ n‡jv x aJh¡, cwieZ©b, wbf©ikxja¡, phl,
A¡aÈ-pjfÑZ, cweÎZv Hhw ®M¡c¡®fÐjz
p¡l-pw−rf
flj pËø¡ Avjøvnimv‡_ ¢jmeC mydx p¡de¡l flj mrÉz ks¢lf¤ cje L−l AvZ¥vicweÎZvl
jdÉ ¢c−u L−W¡l p¡de¡l g−m HC ch©v‡q Efe£a qJu¡ hvqz E¢ác¡aÈ¡ −b−L öl¦ L−l
cweΡaÈ¡ fkÑ¿¹ mydx p¡dL−L A‡bK Ql¡C Evl¡C f¡l q−a quz HC f¢lœ²j¡−L mydx fb
h−mz mydx f−bl ®j¡V Pvi¢V d¡f i‡q‡Q x kixqZ, ZixKZ, gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZz †KviAvb
J nv`xmm¤§ZBmjv‡gi A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡eC n‡jvkixqZz AhnÉ f¡me£u HC A¡Pvi-Ae¤ù¡e
i¡mi¡−h f¡me L−l mydxp¡dL ¢e−S−L °al£ K‡ib Hhw ZixKZ¯Í‡i Efe£a nbz HC
ch©v‡qmydxp¡dL GKRb f£l h¡ j¤n£Ñ−cl nlZ¡fæ qe Hhw au¡l ®cJu¡ L−W¡l ¢euj-L¡e¤e ®j−e
Q−mez HC d¡−fl f−l A¡−p gv‡idvZ¯Íiz HC ch©v‡qmydxAva¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡−L A¡−m¡¢La qe

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -82

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

Hhw Avjøvnimgx‡c ¢e−S−L f¢lf§ZÑi¡−h ¢e−hce K‡ibz HC ¯Íi f¡l q−u mydx p¡dL
mydxf−bl phÑ−no ¯Íi q¡L£L−a pj¡p£e qez
Ae¤n£me£ xmydx fb m¤ú‡K© ¢hÙ¹¡¢la ¢mM¤ez
HC f¡−Wl g~j nëpj§q
kixqZ ZixKZ gv‡idvZnvKxKZ fb-f¢lœ²j¡ j¤nÑ£c L¡nÚg mydx p¡dL
q‚¤õ¡qq‚¤m Ch¡c Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡ Ava¨vwZ¥K Efm¢ì

cv‡VvËig~j¨vqb

A. mZ¨ J wg_¨v
1z mydx fb g~jZPvifv‡M ¢hiš²z mZ¨/wg_¨v
2z mydxn‡jva‡g©i k¡¢ql£ ¢cLz mZ¨/wg_¨v
3z ZixKZ¯Í‡i p¡dL Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡KfСç qez mZ¨/wg_¨v
4z kixqZm¤§ZBev`Z c¤ÕfÐKviYmZ¨/wg_¨v
A¡. °ehÑÉ¢š²L fÐnÀ
1z mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡l aªa£u ¯Íi
K)ZixKZ L)nvKxKZ
M)gv‡idvZ N)kixqZ
2z †KvbÚ ¯Í‡i p¡dL fÐbj Ava¨vwZ¥K A¡−m¡LfСç qu
K)gv‡idvZ L)nvKxKZ
M)kixqZ N)ZixKZ
3z p¡aviYgymjgvb Hhw mydxl g‡a¨†KvbÚ ch©v‡qcv_©K¨_v‡K e¡
K)ZixKZ¯Í‡i L)kixqZ¯Í‡i
M)gv‡idvZ¯Í‡i N)nvKxKZ¯Í‡i
4z †KvbÚ ¯Í‡imydxl j¤nÑ£−cl `iKvi qu
K)kixqZ¯Í‡i L)gv‡idvZ¯Í‡i
M)nvKxKZ¯Í‡i N)ZixKZ¯Í‡i
C. mswÿßiPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z mydx fb cwiµgvq kixqZm¤ú‡K©mswÿße¨vL¨v ¢cez
2z mydx fb eY©bvqgv‡idvZm¤ú‡K©msw¶ß wPÎ Zz‡j aiæb|
D. iPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z mydx c_ f¢lœ²j¡u kixqZ J al£L−al g‡a¨ a¤me¡g~jL Av‡jvPbvKiæbz
2z mydx c_ f¢lœ²j¡u gv‡idvZ J q¡L£L−al g‡a¨ a¤me¡g~jL wPÎ eY©bvKiæbz
Ešlj¡m¡
A 1z mZ¨ 2z wg_¨v 3z wg_¨v 4z mZ¨
A¡. 1z N 2z L 3z M 4z O

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-83
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cvV - 4

mydxg~jbxwZ
(Sufi Doctrine )

E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• mydxg~jbxwZmg~‡ni Efœ²j¢YL¡ m¤ú‡K© hZÑe¡ Ki‡Zcvi‡ebz
• mydxg~jbxwZe¨vL¨vKi‡Zcvi‡ebz

gymwjg cnÑ−e N−s JW¡ wewfbœgZev‡`i g‡a¨mydxh¡c me‡P‡q hÉ¡fL ¯’vb `Lj K‡i Av‡Q|
®pSeÉ H gZev`−L †Kvb ¢h−no d¡l¡u ®g−m ¢h−nÔoZ Ll¡ hvq e¡z ¢h‘S−el AwfgZ
Ae¤p¡−l mydxh¡−c fСu c¤Õna al£L¡ i‡q‡Qz Gm‡eiA‡bK al£L¡ HMeJ ¢hcÉj¡ez a−h
°h¢QœÉju al£L¡ b¡L¡ p−šÆJ mydxl¡ ¢h−no L−uL¢V welq−L au¡−cl p¡de¡l g~jbxwZ ¢q−p−h
NËqZ K‡i‡Qbz HC g~jbxwZ…−m¡ ph al£L¡l Ae¤p¡l£ mydx Hhw mydxp¡dLl¡ NËqZ L−l
_v‡Kbz HC g~jbxwZ…−m¡ n‡jv x Avjøvn, gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡, h¢qSÑNr, Avjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ,
S£h−el mrÉ, ‘¡−el Drm, dÉ¡e, ¢S¢Ll I A¢eø CaÉ¡¢cz
1. mydxg~jbxwZmg~‡ni Efœ²jwZKv
mydxh¡c AaÉ¿¹ hÉ¡fL GKWUwelqz mydxh¡c−L ®pSeÉ †Kvb ¢e¢cÑø GKWUwPšÍvd¡l¡ h¡ pwN¢Wa
†KvbwPšÍv‡Mvôx ¢q−p−h dl¡ hvq e¡z wewfbœmg‡q Hhw wewfbœ ÙÛ¡−e HC wPšÍvd¡l¡l g‡a¨
°h¢PΨgqwPšÍv‡Mvôxl Eáh n‡q‡Q z A¢dL¿º fÐi¡hn¡m£ mydx ¢e−Sl e¡−j wb‡R‡`i ja L−l
mydx al£L¡l m„wóK‡i‡Qez ®pSeÉ Hl ®L¡−e¡ °h‘¡¢eL ¢i¢š ®eCz †KvbGKRbmydxp¡dL
†KvbÚ mydx al£L¡l Ad£−e p¡de¡ K‡ib a¡ ejv j¤n¢Lmz ea¤e Hhw f¤l¡ae ¢j−m fСu c¤Õna
mydx al£L¡ i‡q‡Q h−m ¢h‘S−el AwfgZz A¡l H pjÙ¹ al£L¡u H−L Af−ll g‡a¨ e¡e¡e
¢ho−u cv_©K¨i‡q‡Qz HC Ae¯’vi ®fТr−a †KvbGKWU ¢e¢cÑø g~jbxwZm¤ú‡K©Av‡jvPbv Kiv
M¤hC L¢We hÉ¡f¡lz Z‡e G e¨¡cv‡i Av‡jvPbv Kiv ®N−mJ ®pV¡−L NËqZ−k¡NÉ L−l ®a¡m¡ A¡lJ
L¢We L¡Sz ah¤J L¢afu welqmydxg~jbxwZl g‡a¨ A¡e¡ hvq ®k…−m¡ R¡s¡ mydx p¡de¡ pñh
euz AvgivGLv‡b ®pC g~jbxwZpj§q ¢e−u Av‡jvPbvKi‡e¡z
2. mydxg~jbxwZpj§q
mydx mvaKMY f¡¢bÑh pLm Ackw³ f¢lhSÑe L−l Ava¨vwZ¥K ®fÐjn¢š²−a ejxqvb qez ®pSeÉ
HC f−b ¢p¢Üm¡−il SeÉ myg£−L ®j±¢mL wKQzbxwZ Ae¤plZ L−l Qm−a quz ®p…−m¡ n‡jv x
aJh¡ (Ae¤a¡f), a¡Ju¡LŤm (¢eiÑla¡), a¡LJu¡ (f¢lhSÑe), phl (°dkÑ), ®n¡Ll (Lªa‘a¡),
CMm¡p (cweÎZv), k¤qc (°hl¡NÉ), ®lS¡ (A¡aÈa¤¢ø), MJg (AvjøvnÚ i£¢a), gLl (c¡¢lâ),
jqîa (Avjøvn ®fÐj), A¡ch (i¡m hÉhq¡K), aJq£c (HLaÅ) I Cmj (Ava¨vwZ¥K ‘¡e)
fÐiª¢az gv‡idvZ J nvKxKZ m¡i Ki‡Z q−m mydx p¡a‡il S£h−e H…−m¡l fТagme
clKviY HR¡s¡ gyMÉ g~jbxwZ…−m¡ n‡jv x Avjøvn, gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡, h¢qSÑNr, Avjøvn J

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -84

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

gvby‡lipÇfLÑ, S£h−el mrÉ, ‘¡−el Drm, dÉ¡e, wRwLl J A¢eøz ¢e−jÀ Avgiv HC bxwZ…−m¡
Av‡jvPbvKi‡e¡ :
1) Avjøvn xAvjøvnm¤ú‡K©mydx−cl ®k aviY¡ a¡ p¡aviYBmjvg djÑ ¢hnÄ¡p£−cl ®Q−u ¢iæz ay¡l¡
L−mj¡ a¡C−uÉh¡'l fÐbj Awn m¤ú‡K© j−e K‡ib ®k, "La ilaha illa(A)llah' not as
'Nothing is adorable but Allah' but as'Nothing is existent but Allah"z p¤al¡w au¡−cl
ja¡e¤p¡−l Avjøvnn‡jvGKgvÎ pš¡, h¡L£ ph AdÉ¡pj¡œz ¢L¿º pš¡l cÖK…wZl e¨vL¨vu
mydxl¡ HLja ®f¡oZ Ki‡Zcv‡ib¢ez ®LE j−e L−lb ®k, Avjøvnn‡jv "p¡¢hÑL B”Qv,'
Avevi ®LE ®LE j−e L−lb a¡ n‡jv "mZ¨ ‘¡e'|AveviAb¨vb¨l¡ j−e L−lbAvjøvnn‡jv
"Ap£j A¡−m¡', ®LE Avevi "A¢a p¤¾cl' ¢q−p−h NZÉ K‡ibz Hph cv_©K¨ b¡L¡ p−šÆJ
Avjøvn ®k HL J A¢àa£u pš¡ H ¢ho−u jacv_©K¨ ®eCz
2) gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡ xmydxl¡ gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡‡KAvjøvniGKWU Awn ¢q−p−h NZÉ K‡ibz
cweΆKviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q, "I have breathed into him (maM) of my (Allah) spirit"z
HR¡s[ nv`x‡me¨š² n‡q‡Q ®k, "Allah created men in his own image"z p¤al¡w gvby‡li
AiÉ¿¹l£Z cÖK…wZ h¡ n¢š²l m‡½Avjøvni n¢š²l ¢jm A¡−Rz HV¡ Hje ®hAvjøvniA‡bK
…Z¡…−Zl wQ‡U‡duvUv HC ®R¡V RM‡Zig‡a¨gvbylaviY L−l hqe Ll−R Hhw HV¡C j−e qu
p−hÑ¡µQ j¡œ¡z ®pSeÉ mydxl¡ h−m _v‡Kb, ®k au¡l ¢e−Sl A¡aÈ¡−L ¢Q−e−R, ®p au¡l
Avjøvn−L ¢Q−e−Rz

3) h¢qSÑNr x A¢dL¡wn mydxl j−a h¢qSÑNrn‡jv AdÉ¡p Hhw hvAjxK h¡ wg_¨vl L¡R¡L¡¢Rz
AvjøvnÚ-C GKgvÎmZ¨z Avjøvn R¡s¡ A¡l wKQzC ®eCz pjÙ¹ Ahi¡¢pL RM‡Zi†fR−e
GKgvÎAvjøvni LjÑL¡äC phz p¤al¡w RM‡Zi A¢Ù¹aÅ ®eCz AdÉ¡fL q¡C h−me, "It is
mere non-entity and everything in it is with Allah. External things are either
emanations from Allah or are mirrors which Divine Attributes are reflected"|k¢cJ
A¢dL¡wn mydxIf−l¡š² l©f−lM¡ NËqZ L−l _v‡Kb, ab¡¢f A−e−LC A¡−Re ku¡l¡
¢hnÄa¡¢šÆL fТœ²u¡ Hhw Avjøvnimv‡_ Hl pÇfLÑ ¢ho−u ¢iæja ®f¡oZ L−l _v‡Kbz HC
bxwZl ¢i¢š−a mydx−cl ®j¡V wZb¢V fÐd¡e wPšÍv‡Mvôx−a i¡N Ll¡ hvq x CS¡¢mu¡, öý¢cu¡
Hhw Ju¡S¤¢cu¡z CS¡¢mu¡ wPšÍv‡Mvôx Ae¤p¡−l RMrAvjøvn q−aC pªø, ¢L¿º a¡ Avjøvni
pš¡l h¢qxfÐL¡nj¡œz k¢cJ RM‡Zi fÐL¡n Avgiv ®cM−a h¡ h¤T−a f¡¢l, ¢L¿º f¢lZ¡−j
a¡ Avjøvni pš¡u ¢hm£e q−u hv‡ez öý¢cu¡ wPšÍv‡Mvôx Ae¤p¡−l h¡qÉSNrAvjøvni pš¡l
fТagmej¡œz RM‡Zi†KvbcÖK…Z A¢Ù¹aÅ ®eCz H fÐm‡½ AdÉ¡fL q¡C h−me, "It is God,
the one ultimate Reality, who is reflected in and through the objects of the world"z
Ju¡S¤¢cu¡ wPšÍv‡Mvôx Ae¤p¡−l, GKWU j¡œ pš¡ A¡−R, A¡l ®pV¡ n‡jvAvjøvnz

4) Avjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ x mydxg~jbxwZ Ae¤p¡−l Avjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ ®fÐ−jlz

Avjøvn pjÙ¹ ¢hnÄQl¡Ql−L ®fÐ−jl j¡dÉ−j m„wóK‡i‡Qe Hhw gvbyl−L K‡i‡Qe ¢e−Sl aviY¡
(image) ¢c−uz p¤al¡w gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡u üNÑ£u…Z ®fÐj i‡q‡Qz HSeÉ j¤¢š²l ¢c−e
gvbylAvjøvnimv‡_ ¢j¢ma q−a cvi‡ebz SN−a A¡m¡l A¡−N gvby‡li ph A¡aÈ¡ p¡¢hÑL
AvZ¥vimv‡_ HL£i§a wQjz ®pSeÉ S¡N¢aL gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡ g~j ¢hnÄ¡aÈ¡ ®b−L flh¡p£j¡œz

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-85
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

Eš² a¡ ¢hnÄ¡aÈ¡u ¢j¢ma nIqvi SeÉ pc¡ p−Qøz mydxl¡ a¡C j−e K‡ib ®k, gvby‡li
A¡aÈ¡ Es¿¹ Lh¤al¢h−no, A¡l wKQz euz
5) S£h−el mrÉ xAvjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ ®fÐ−jlz ¢hnÄ¡aÈ¡u ¢j¢ma qJu¡C
gvby‡liAvZ¥viGKgvÎ mrÉz mydxbxwZ Ae¤p¡−l ®no wePv‡ii ¢c−e ®c¡kM ®b−L j¤¢š² ®f−u
®h−qnÚa f¡Ju¡ GKgvÎ E−ŸnÉ eu; hlw Avjøvnimv‡_ ¢j¢ma qJu¡C A¡pm E−ŸnÉz
GLv‡b p¡aviYgymjgvb−cl mv‡_mydx−cl cv_©K¨n‡jv, k¡l¡ ®no wePv‡ii ¢c−e öd¤ ®c¡kM
®b−L j¤¢š² ®f−u ®h−qnÚa f¡Ju¡V¡C A¡pm E−ŸnÉ h−m j−e K‡ibz Avjøvnimv‡_ ¢jmeC
mydx p¡de¡l g~j °e¢aLa¡ Hhw HV¡C n‡jv p−hÑ¡µQ Av`k©z

6) ‘¡−el Drm x SNv J Avjøvnm¤ú‡K©cÖK…Z ‘¡e A¡qlZ Ll¡ hvq ®Lhmj¡œ ü‘¡l
j¡dÉ−jz mydx Ae¤p¡−l h¤¢Ül j¡dÉ−j ph wKQzl ‘¡e, ¢h−no L−l cÖK…ZmZ¨-Avjøvni ‘¡e
f¡Ju¡ hvq e¡z AdÉ¡fL q¡C h−me, "It is through intuition or direct apprehension that
knowledge of God can be attained. Intuition results from ecstasy (haK) which comes
after a long process of spiritual training"|¯^Áv `yÕcÖKvi : KIbx I Bjvnx| †h ¯^Ávi
j¡dÉ−j i¢el¨r L¡−ml h¡ c§lhaÑ£ ÙÛ¡−el cªnÉ h¡ AcªnÉ welqmg~‡ni ‘¡e f¡Ju¡ hvq
a¡−L LJe£ h−mz AeÉ¢c−L, ®k ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−j AvjøvniRva J ¢pg¡a m¤ú‡K© Cmj fСç
qJu¡ hvq Hhw Ava¨vwZ¥KRM‡Zi†Kvb ‘¡e Avjøvni fr ®b−L mivmwi f¡Ju¡ hvq
a¡−L Cm¡q£ h−mz ®pSeÉ ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−jC ®Lhm Avjøvni h¡Ù¹h ‘¡e f¡Ju¡ hvqz
7) dÉ¡e xmydxl i¡h¡e¤i§¢al h¡ Ava¨vwZ¥K p¡de¡l HL ¢h−no j¡e¢pL AhÙÛ¡−L "dÉ¡e' h¡
"q¡m' ejv quz p¡aviYgymjgvb Kv‡jgv,bvgvR, ®l¡S¡, hvKvZ, q−‹Æl g‡a¨C djÑ£u
Kv‡Ri p£j¡−lM¡ V¡−eez ¢L¿º mydxl¡ H…−m¡ ®j−e Qm¡l f−lJ °e¢aLa¡ J Ava¨vwZ¥Ka¡
¢e−Sl g‡a¨ A¡eu−el a¡¢Nc Ae¤ih K‡ib| d‡j mydxl Rxe‡b Hje HL AhÙÛ¡ weivR
K‡i k¡l Ici q©cu¡e¤i§¢a N−s J−Wz HC AhÙÛ¡ p¡aviYa g¡e¡ AhÙÛ¡−L ¢e−cÑn L−lz
g¡e¡l j¡dÉ−j mydx ¢e−Sl p−Qaea¡ q¡l¡u Hhw h¡LÅ¡ ¯Í‡i Efe£a qb| GM¡−e mydx
¢e−S−L Avjøvni pš¡q ¢hm£e Ki‡Z f¡−lbz
8) ¢S¢Ll xAvjøvni D‡Ï‡k ®fÐjg~jL HL dl−bl p‰£a−L ¢S¢Ll h−mz
cweΆKviAv‡bejvn‡q‡Q, "remember Allah often" (XXXIII; 41)z q¡jÚc (Avjøvni
…ZN¡e), e¡'a (ivm~j p¡x-Hl fÐn¢Ù¹), Nkm (Avjøvni ®fÐjg~jL N¡e) j¤l¢nc£ (f£l J
gyk©x` pÇf¢LÑa p‰£a), gv‡idvZ£ (ašÆg~jL N¡e), L¡Ju¡m£ fÐiª¢al j¡dÉ−j mydx p‰£a
h¡ ¢RwKi pj¡d¡ K‡ibz HR¡s¡ †KviAv‡biAvqvZmivmwi fs¡ h¡ h¡lh¡l ejv ¢RwK‡ii
A¿¹iѤš²z
9) A¢eø x Apš¡ (UnreaK) h−m k¡ wKQzAvgiv SN−a ®c¢M a¡ phC A¢eø h−m mydxl¡
j−e K‡ibz ®k−qa¤ h¡qÉ RM‡Zi†KvbcÖK…Z pš¡ ®eC, ®pSeÉ A¢e−ølJ cÖK…Z pš¡ ®eCz
A¢e−øl mv‡_Avjøvni†Kvb pÇfLÑ ®eC, ¢L¿º RM‡Zimv‡_ pÇfLÑ A¡−Rz
p¡l-pw−rf
mydxh¡c GKWU hÉ¡fL welqz wewfbœmg‡q Hhw wewfbœ ÙÛ¡−e HC wPšÍvd¡l¡l g‡a¨ °h¢QœÉju
wPšÍvd¡l¡l Eáh n‡q‡Qz ®Lee¡ HC gZev‡`i†Kvb °h‘¡¢eL ¢i¢š ®eCz ®p L¡l−Z mydxh¡−cl

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -86

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

mwVKg~jbxwZ fÐZue Ll¡ L¢We L¡Sz ah¤J L¢afu welqmydxg~jbxwZl g‡a¨ A¡e¡ ®k−a
f¡−lz ®p…−m¡ n‡jv x Avjøvn, gvby‡li A¡aÈ¡, h¢qSÑNr, Avjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ, S£h−el
mrÉ, ‘¡−el Drm, dÉ¡e, ¢S¢Ll J A¢eøz HQvovImydx−cl wKQz ®j±¢mL bxwZ f¡me Ki‡Z
quz ®p…−m¡ n‡jv x Ae¤a¡f, ¢eiÑla¡, f¢lhSÑe, °dkÑ, Lªa‘a¡, cweÎZv, °hl¡NÉ, A¡aÈa¤¢ø,
Avjøvn i£¢a, c¡¢lâ, Avjøvn ®fÐj, i¡m e¨envi, HLaÅ J Ava¨vwZ¥K ‘¡e cÖf…wZz
Ae¤n£me£ xmydx fb J mydxg~jbxwZl g‡a¨cv_©K¨ ¢e−Sl i¡o¡u ¢mM¤ez
HC f¡−Wl g~j nëpj§q
Ava¨vwZ¥K ®fÐj f¢lhSÑe ¢S¢Ll ¢p¢Üm¡i Lªa‘a¡ ‘¡−el Drm
Ae¤a¡f cweÎZv HLaÅ ¢eiÑla¡ A¡aÈa¤¢ø h¢qSÑNr

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-87
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cv‡VvËig~j¨vqb
A. mZ¨ J wg_¨v
1z mydxh¡−c wewfbœmydx al£L¡ i‡q‡Qz mZ¨/wg_¨v
2z mydx p¡de¡u a¡LJu¡l cÖ‡qvRb ®eCz mZ¨/wg_¨v
3z mydxh¡−c gyL¨g~jbxwZ eu¢Vl jaz mZ¨/wg_¨v
4z mydxh¡c Ae¤p¡−l h¢qSÑNrmZ¨z mZ¨/wg_¨v
A¡. °ehÑÉ¢š²L fÐnÀ
1z mydxh¡−c A¡e¤j¡¢eL al£L¡ i‡q‡Q
K) HLna L) c¤Õna
M)wZbna N)Pvina
2z h¢qSÑNrm¤ú‡K©ja ¢c−a ¢N−u mydxl¡ ¢hiš² n‡q‡Q
K) HL fv‡M L) c¤Õfv‡M
M)Pvifv‡M N)wZbfv‡M
3z Avjøvn J gvby‡li pÇfLÑ
K) ®fÐ−jl L) öd¤ Q¡Ju¡-f¡Ju¡l
M) LaÑ−hÉl N)†Kvb¢VC eu
4z mydxh¡−c ‘¡−el Drm
K) A¡LÅm L)bK¡j
M) L¡nÚg N) A¢i‘a¡
C. mswÿßiPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z mydxg~jbxwZ Ae¤p¡−l h¢qSÑNr pð−å mswÿße¨vL¨v ¢cez
2z mydxg~jbxwZ Ae¤p¡−l ‘¡−el Dr‡mimswÿßAv‡jvPbv Kiæb|
D. iPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z mydxg~jbxwZl cÖ‡qvRb L£ ?e¨vL¨vKiæbz
2z mydxg~jbxwZmg~‡ni ¢hÙ¹¡¢la Av‡jvPbvKiæbz
Ešlj¡m¡
A. 1z mZ¨ 2z wg_¨v 3z wg_¨v 4z wg_¨v
A¡. 1z M 2z O 3z L 4z N

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -88

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cvV - 5
g¡e¡ J h¡LÅ¡
(Fana and Baqa)

E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• g¡e¡ m¤ú‡K© ¢hÙ¹¡¢la hZÑe¡ ¢c−a cvi‡ebz
• h¡LÅ¡ m¤ú‡K© ¢hÙ¹¡¢la S¡e−a cvi‡ebz

i§¢jL¡
mydx p¡dL mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡l phÑ−no d¡f nvKxKZ-H Efe£a qez HC d¡−f p¡dL c¤'¢V ¯Íi
A¢aœ²j K‡ibz ¯Íi c¤'¢V n‡jv g¡e¡ J h¡LÅ¡z g¡e¡ ¯Í‡i p¡dL ¢e−Sl A¢Ù¹aÅ J p−Qaea¡
¢hm¤ç L−l Avjøvn−L Efm¢ì Ki‡Z öl¦ K‡ib g¡e¡¢gõ¡ql j¡dÉ−jz AbÑ¡v p¡a‡il HC ¯Í‡i
¢e−Sl A¢Ù¹aÅ ¢hm¤ç quz HC ¯Íi−L ®j¡V Pvi¢V Ef¯Í‡i i¡N Ll¡ hvq x g¡e¡¢gm JS¤c,
g¡e¡ ¢gnÚn¡−uM, g¡e¡ ¢glivm~j Hhw g¡e¡¢gõ¡qz HC Ef¯Íi…−m¡ A¢aœ²−jl j¡dÉ−j
g¡e¡¢gõ¡q p¡¢da quz HC AhÙÛ¡−L A−e−L eUbÑL A−bÑ NËqZ Ki‡Z Q¡ez flhaÑ£ Hhw ®no
¯Íi¢V n‡jv h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡qz HC ¯Í‡i p¡dL Avjøvni pš¡u h¡ ®Qae¡u ÙÛ¡¢uaÅ m¡i K‡ibz ZLb
au¡l ph L¡−S h¡ ®Qae¡u Avjøvni aviYvB ®Lhm ¢hl¡S L−lz HV¡C mydx p¡a‡il flj J
AvKvw•¶Z mrÉz

1. g¡e¡
mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡l phÑ−no ¯Íin‡jvnvKxKZz HC ¯Í‡imydx p¡a‡il p−Qaea¡ Hhw f¡¢bÑh ph
A¡LoÑZ j¤š² q−u Avjøvn−a ÙÛ¡¢uaÅ m¡i L−lz AbÑ¡v HC ¯Í‡iAvjøvn−L GKgvÎ Efm¢ì Ll¡
hvqz p¡a‡il p−Qaea¡ q¡¢l−u Avjøvni pš¡u m£e q−u k¡Ju¡−L g¡e¡ h−mz HV¡ AaÉ¿¹
L¡w¢Ma GKWU¯Íiz gvby‡li ‘¡e ASÑ−el ®k pjÙ¹ Drm A¡−R, a¡l g‡a¨GKgvÎ ü‘¡ R¡s¡
A¡l †Kvb Ef¡−u Avjøvn−L S¡e¡ pñh euz KviYAvjøvn−L C¢¾cÐ−ul j¡dÉ−j fÐaÉr Ll¡ hvq
e¡; k¡l SeÉ A¢i‘a¡l à¡l¡ Zuvi ‘¡e¡SÑe pñh euz Avevi h¤¢Ü à¡l¡J Zuv‡K S¡e¡ pñh
eu; KviY†Kvb A¡L¡−li j¡dÉ−j Avjøvn−L S¡e¡ pñh euz ®Lee¡ gvbyl a¡l p£¢ja n¢š² ¢c−u
pp£j ph wKQz−L A¢aœ²j L−l ®k−a f¡−l e¡z Avjøvni ‘¡em¡i Ki‡Z q−m üNÑ£u fÐaÉ¡−cn
Abh¡ ü‘¡l j¡dÉ−jC ®Lhmj¡œ pñhz HC Kv‡Ri SeÉ mydx p¡dLl¡ ¢e−S−L S¡e¡l Ifl
®hn£ ®S¡l ®cez AbÑ¡v ¢e−Sl A¿¹l−L mwVKi¡−h S¡e¡ ®N−m Avjøvn−L S¡e¡ pñh q−hz
A¿¹l−L A¡ue¡ ‘¡e Ll−m a¡−a Avjøvni üNÑ£u …Z fТa¢h¢ða quz −pSeÉ Avjøvni Af−l¡r
‘¡e m¡−il SeÉ mydxp¡dL A¡aÈ¡−L pLm fÐL¡l AcweÎZv ®b−L j¤š² L−l AvZ¥vi A¿¹cѪ¢ø−L
¢hL¢na K‡ibz ¢hL¢na A¿¹cѪ¢ø ¢c−u mydxA‡bK ®N±Z fÐaÉ¡−cn m¡i K‡ib h−m au¡−cl
¢hnÄ¡pz

gvbyl au¡l q©cu ¢c−u dÉ¡−el j¡dÉ−j f¡lj¡¢bÑL A‡bKwKQzm¤ú‡K© S¡e−a cv‡ibz Hi¡−h
e¨w³i h¡ mydxl Rxe‡b f§ZÑa¡ A¡−pz AdÉ¡fL A¡¢je¤m Bmjv‡gi g‡Z, "e¨w³i f§ZÑa¡ A¢SÑa

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-89
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

qu ‘¡e¡−m¡−Ll j¡œ¡l Ae¤f¡−az p¤al¡w f§ZÑa¡ ASÑ−el fÐ−Qø¡u fÐ−aÉ−Ll E¢Qa q©c−ul
ApwMÉ fТahåLa¡−L c§l Ll¡z ®k mydxAvjøvni ‘¡e J ®fÐ−jl SeÉ ¢eua kaÁh¡e, wZwb ay¡l
Hhw Avjøvni jdÉL¡l fcÑ¡ pl¡h¡l SeÉ ®k †Kvb f¢lj¡−Zl c¤xM-Lø ü£L¡l Ki‡Z fÐÙ¹¤az
a¾ju¡hÙÛ¡u wZwb ay¡l Pvif¡−nl ph wKQz−aC Avjøvn−L fÐaÉr K‡ibz Avjøvn−L wZwb ®c−Me
Af−l¡ri¡−h, ¢h−no †Kvb hÙ¹¤l j¡dÉ−j euz wZwb hÙ¹¤−Qae¡ J hÉ¢š²−Qae¡ q¡l¡−a Q¡e öd¤
p¡¢hÑL ®Qae¡ J ®M¡c¡l ®fÐ−j ¢ejNÀ nIqvi SeÉz a¾jua¡l jdÉ ¢c−u q©cu
Avjøvnim‡½†hvMv‡hvMKi‡Z J pjÉL cwiwPZ q−a f¡−lz a¾jua¡l P~ovšÍch©v‡q Hi¡−h
Avjøvn R¡s¡ ph wKQz−a ¢hpȪa qJu¡ J ¢h−noa A¡aÈ−Qae¡ q¡¢l−u ®gm¡l AhÙÛ¡−LC ejv qu
"g¡e¡¢gõ¡qÚ'z

AbÑ¡v c¤¢eu¡l pjÙ¹ L¡je¡ h¡pe¡ c§l L−l Avjøvni ¢pg¡−al g‡a¨ j¡e¢hL ¢pg¡a−L ¢hm£e
L−l ¢c−u ¢b‡Ri A¢Ù¹aÅ i¤−m k¡Ju¡−L g¡e¡ h−mz A¢eh¡kÑ HL °e¢aL f¢lhaÑ−el jdÉ ¢c−uC
g¡e¡¢gõ¡q p¡¢da quz
HC ch©v‡qmydxp¡dL wb‡R‡K phÑ−a¡i¡−h pj¡¢qa L−l Avjøvni dÉ¡−e Hhw ®fÐ−jz g−m
GKgvÎAvjøvni pš¡u ¢ej¢‹a b¡L¡C mydx p¡a‡il L¡Sz g¡e¡l j¡dÉ−j mydx p¡a‡il pjÙ¹
Aöi …Z¡hm£ c§l£f‚Z qu Hhw öi …−Zl AhÉ¡qa l©f f¢lNËq L−lz HV¡ mydx p¡de¡l
°e¢aL ¢cLz a−h Aek¨B HC AhÙÛ¡−L eUbÑL h¡ A¡aÈ¢h−m¡f ¢q−p−h NËqZ Ll¡ hv‡e e¡z
AdÉ¡fL A¡ë¤m q¡C h−me, "Fana does not mean loss of essence and destruction of
personality, it means the destruction of human attributes which are dangers to the
perfection of the being"z
g¡e¡ m¡−il ®r−œ Pvi¢V d¡f f¡l q−a qu h−m ‡Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv ®mM−Ll AwfgZz ®p…−m¡
n‡jv x (1) g¡e¡ ¢gm JS¤c (2) g¡e¡ ¢gnÚn¡−uM (3) g¡e¡ ¢gl ivm~jI (4) g¡e¡ ¢gõ¡qz

1) g¡e¡ ¢gm JS¤c x °c¢qL J S¡N¢aL pjÙ¹ A¡LoÑZ Hhw LjÑ h¡c ®cJu¡C HC ¯Í‡il
fÐd¡e L¡Sz ¢e−Sl A¢Ù¹aÅ−L i¤m−a öl¦ Ll¡ Hhw In£ …Z¡hm£ ¢e−Sl g‡a¨aviY Ll¡J
HC ¯Í‡il L¡Sz
2) g¡e¡ ¢gnÚn¡−uM x HC ¯Í‡imydx au¡l f£l h¡ In£ ¢nr−Ll (Spiritual leader) wbKU
h¡u¡a NËqZ L−l ay¡l B”Qv J ¢nr¡l fТa ¢e−S−L pjfÑZ K‡ibz In£ ¢nr−Ll mv‡_
jqîa m„wól SeÉ p¡dL ®Qø¡ K‡ib Hhw ®pSeÉ au¡l ¢e−cÑn f¡me K‡ibz
3) g¡e¡ ¢gl l¡m j x HC ¯Í‡i p¡dL ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl pjÙ¹ …Z¡hm£ ¢e−Sl g‡a¨ A¡eu−el
®Qø¡ K‡ibz dÉ¡−el j¡dÉ−j mydxp¡dL A¡fe A¢Ù¹aÅ−L ivm~j (p¡x)-Hl e§l-C-j¤q¡Çjc£−a
¢hm£e L−l ¢c−u g¡e¡ ¢gl ivm~j m¡i L−lz
4) g¡e¡ ¢gõ¡q x HC ¯Í‡i p¡dL e§l-C-j¤q¡Çjc£l ¯Íi ®b−L e§l-C-a¡S¡õ£i¯Íi m¡i K‡ibz
AbÑ¡v EfkѤš² Av‡jvwPZ flj fkÑ¡u myg£p¡dL m¡i K‡ibz HV¡C n‡jv dÉ¡−el EµQaj
fkѡuz

2. h¡LÅ¡
g¡e¡l ®kM¡−e ®no, h¡LÅ¡'l ®pM¡−e öl¦z flj mZ¨ m¡−il fСb¢jL ¯Íin‡jv "g¡e¡¢gõ¡q',
A¡l ¢àa£u h¡ ÙÛ¡u£ ¯Íin‡jv "h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q'z H ch©v‡q p¡dL AvjøvnimËvq h¡ Avjøvni®Qae¡u

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -90

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

ÙÛ¡¢uaÅ m¡i K‡ibz g¡e¡l j¡dÉ−j p¡a‡Ki ¢e−Sl ®Qae¡−L ¢he¡n L−l ¢e−Sl h−m wKQzC
_v‡K e¡z ZLb ®pM¡−e AbÑ¡v p¡a‡il j−e h¡ ®Qae¡u üuw Avjøvn-C ¢hl¡S K‡ibz S¡N¢aL
†KvbwelqZLbmydx−L A¡LoÑZ Ki‡Z f¡−l e¡z G mgq h¡u¤n§eÉ f¡−œl ja p¡a‡il AhÙÛ¡
`uvovqz ZLbAvjøvni …Z¡hm£ ®p n§eÉÙÛ¡e cMm L−lz "Avjøvni ¢gaÚl¡a' AbÑ¡v AvjøvnicÖK…wZ
J üi¡h ZLb p¡a‡il A¢Ù¹−aÅl Ae¤l©f l©f f¢lNËq L−lz †Kvb†Kvb ®mML AhnÉ g¡e¡−L
eUbÑL h−m NZÉ L−l h¡K¡v−L pcbÑL h−m fТafæ Ki‡Z Q¡bz Avevi A−e−L Eiu d¡f−LC
pcbÑL hm−a Q¡b| Z‡e ®n−ol ja¢VC NËqZ−k¡NÉz KviY h¡LÅ¡ m¡−il SeÉ p¡a‡il g¡e¡¢gõ¡q
clKviY h¡LÅ¡l ch©v‡q e¡ H−p öd¤j¡œ g¡e¡u k¢c f¢lœ²j¡ ®no qu Hhw ®p ai‡bi E−ŸnÉ
_v‡K a¡q−m ZLb ®pV¡−L eUbÑL ejvhvqz ¢L¿º A¡c−a HC AhÙÛ¡ ®aje euz

h¡LÅ¡ ¯Í‡i a¤¢jaÅ h¡ A¡¢jaÅ _v‡K e¡z nhiZ n¡q h¤-A¡m£ Lm¾cl (l¡x) h−me, "karZ fkÑ¿¹
®a¡j¡l a¤¢jaÅ S£¢ha _vK‡e, aarZ a¤¢j j¡öL (AvjøvM)-®L f¡−h e¡; kMe ®a¡j¡l a¤¢jaÅ
_vK‡e e¡, ZLbC ®a¡j¡l AvjøvnÚfС¢ç OV−h'z AdÉ¡fL q¡C h−me, "The final stage of
Fana makes the beginning of Baqa, a continuous life in God. In Baqa the Sufi
lives in the consciousness of God. Through Fana the Sufi extricates himself from
all the evil qualities of his mind and imbibes Divine Qualities" z

h¡LÅ¡−a mydx Ahi¡¢pL (PhenomenaK) A¡aÈ¡ ®b−L h¡Ù¹h A¡aÈ¡u fÐ−hn m¡i L−lz HC
ch©v‡qmydx a¡l pjÙ¹ ®Qae¡l g‡a¨ öd¤ Avjøvn−L ®cM−a f¡uz GKWU j¡œ pš¡ ZLb hq¡m
_v‡Kz G mgq†KvbwKQzC Avjøvn R¡s¡ bqz ZLb a¡l Lb¡ Avjøvni Lb¡ Hhw a¡l L¡S
AvjøvniKv‡RiC h¢qxfÐL¡nz A¡h¤ epl A¡p-p¡l¡S h−me, "A¡p−m h¡LÅ¡l jdÉ ¢c−u gvby‡li
h¢ql¡hu−hl †KvbcwieZ©b qu e¡ hlw f¡¢bÑh …Z¡hm£l f¢lh−aÑ üNÑ£u …Z¡hm£−a l©f −eu,
k¡l j¡dÉ−j p¡dL ¢e−Sl B”Qvn¢š² q¡l¡u Hhw üNÑ£u B”QvfСç quz üNÑ£u A¡−m¡−a e¨w³i
pjÙ¹ B”Qv J …Z¡…Z ¢hm¤ç quz'

evK¡v¢hõ¡q p¡a‡il phÑ−no ¯Íiz HC ¯Í‡imydxp¡dL Avjøvnia¨v‡bwPišÍb, n¡nÄa J Ap£j pš¡u

¯’vqxi¡−h AhÙÛ¡e L−lz HC AhÙÛ¡−e H−p ¢h¢nø mydx jep¤l q¡õ¡S ®O¡oZ¡ K‡iwQ‡jb ®k,
"A¡e¡m qK¡', AbÑ¡v "A¡¢jBmZ¨'z nhiZ h¡−uS£c ®h¡Ù¹¡j£ (l¡x) h−mwQ‡jb "j¢qj¡ A¡j¡lC'z
HR¡s¡ S¡m¡jDÏxb l¦j£ (l¡x) h−me, "A¡¢j a¤¢j qm¡j, a¤¢j A¡¢j q−m, A¡¢j ®cq Hhw a¤¢j
fСZ, Hlfl ®ke ®LE hm−a e¡ f¡−l ®k, A¡¢j GKRb A¡l a¤¢j A¡l GKRbz'

p¡l-pw−rf
mydx fb f¢lœ²j¡u phÑ−no ¯Íin‡jvnvKxKZz HC q¡L£L−a `yÕwV fªbL AhÙÛ¡ ¢hcÉj¡e-
g¡e¡¢gõ¡q J h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡qz ®k ¯Í‡imydx a¡l p−Qaea¡ Hhw f¡¢bÑh ph welq q¡¢l−u Avjøvni
pš¡u m£e qu a¡−L g¡e¡ h−m Hhw HC Ae¯’vqAvjøvni pš¡u ÙÛ¡¢uaÅ m¡i Ll¡C
n‡jvevK¡v¢hõ¡qz ®k mydx hÙ¹¤−Qae¡ J hÉ¢š²−Qae¡ q¡l¡−a Q¡u a¡−L Ni£li¡−h Avjøvni dÉ¡−e
¢ejNÀ q−a quz HC ¯Íi−L Pvi¢V ¢iæ ¯Í‡i i¡N Ll¡ hvqz ®p…−m¡ n‡jv x g¡e¡ ¢gm JS¤c,
g¡e¡ ¢gnÚn¡−uM, g¡e¡ ¢gl ivm~j J g¡e¡ ¢gõ¡qz h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q p¡a‡il phÑ−no ¯Íiz HC

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-91
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

¯Í‡imydx p¡dL Avjøvnia¨v‡bwPišÍb, n¡nÄa J Ap£j pš¡u ¯’vqxf¡−h AhÙÛ¡e L−lz HC

AhÙÛ¡−e H−p ¢h¢nø mydx jep¤l q¡õ¡S ®O¡oZ¡ K‡iwQ‡jb ®k, "A¡e¡m nK¡', AbÑ¡v "A¡¢jC
mZ¨'z

Ae¤n£me£ x g¡e¡ J h¡LÅ¡ ¯Í‡imydx p¡a‡ilg‡a¨ ®k cwieZ©b A¡−p a¡ ¢e−Sl i¡o¡u ¢mM¤ez

HC f¡−Wl g~j nëpj§q

g¡e¡ h¡LÅ¡ Af−l¡r ‘¡e g¡e¡ ¢gl ivm~j f¡lj¡¢bÑL ‘¡e A¡¢jaÅ
g¡e¡¢gõ¡q üNÑ£u fÐaÉ¡−cn g¡e¡ ¢gm JS¤c hÙ¹¤ J hÉ¢š²−Qae¡ a¤¢jaÅ
g¡e¡ ¢dk& n¡−uM

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -92

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

cv‡VvËig~j¨vqb

A. mZ¨ J wg_¨v
1z "g¡e¡¢gõ¡q' mydx p¡de¡l phÑ−no ¯Íiz mZ¨/wg_¨v
2z "g¡e¡¢gõ¡q'-H A¡aÈ¢h−m¡f O−Vz mZ¨/wg_¨v
3z "g¡e¡¢gõ¡q'l ®j¡V Pvi¢V ¯Íi A¡−Rz mZ¨/wg_¨v
4z h¡LÅ¡ ¯Í‡i a¤¢jaÅ h¡ A¡¢jaÅ _v‡K e¡z mZ¨/wg_¨v

A¡. °ehÑÉ¢š²L fÐnÀ

1z "g¡e¡ ¢gl ivm~j' g¡e¡¢gõ¡ql ¯Íi
K)fÐbj L) ¢àa£u
M)aªa£u N) Qa¤bÑ

2z "g¡e¡¢gõ¡−q' p¡a‡ilcwieZ©b qu
K) °e¢aL L) °c¢qL
M)ejv L¢We N) °e¢aL J ¯c¢qL EiuC

3z "h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q' †KvbÚ pju ®b−L öl¦ qu

K)g¡e¡'l f−l L) g¡e¡'l A¡−N
M)g¡e¡ ®kM¡−e ®no qu N)†Kvb¢VC eu

4z phÑ−no ¯Íi −L¡eÚ¢V

K)h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q L) g¡e¡¢gõ¡q
M)ejv L¢We N) L J M EiuC

C. mswÿßiPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z g¡e¡¢gõ¡ql ®j¡V Pvi¢V ¯Íims‡ÿ‡ce¨vL¨vKiæbz
2z h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q−a p¡a‡il L£ AhÙÛ¡ qu ?

D. iPbvg~jL fÐnÀ
1z g¡e¡¢gõ¡q mwhÙ¹¡−l e¨vL¨vKiæbz
2z h¡LÅ¡¢hõ¡q m¢hÙ¹¡−l Av‡jvPbv Kiæbz

Ešlj¡m¡
A. 1z wg_¨v 2z wg_¨v 3z wg_¨v 4z mZ¨
A¡. 1z N 2z L 3z N 4z L

Gm Gm GBP Gj c„ôv-93
evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq gymwjg `k©b

cvV - 6

mydxev‡`i Drm
(Sources of Sufism )
E−ŸnÉ
HC f¡W ®n−o Avcwb
• mydxh¡c Evf¢šl AiÉ¿¹l£Z Drmpj§q hZÑe¡ Ki‡Zcvi‡eb z
• mydxh¡c Evf¢šl h¡¢qÉL Drmpj§q m¤ú‡K© hm−a cvi‡eb z

i§¢jL¡
mydxh¡−cl Drmg~jZ†KviAvb J nv`xmz a−h A‡bK ®mML J wPšÍvwe`mydxh¡−cl Drm ¢q−p−h
h¡¢qÉL wewfbœDr‡mi Lb¡ hm−a Pvbz mydxh¡c †KviAvb J nv`xm ®b−LC Drm¡¢laz ivm~j
(p¡x)-®L mydxh¡−cl …l¦ ejv quz ®pSeÉ Bmjvg Hhw mydxh¡−cl C¢aq¡p ®j¡V¡j¤¢V HLC
lLjz †KviAv‡b Hje A‡bKAvqvZi‡q‡Q ®k…−m¡ fkÑ¡−m¡Qe¡ Ll−m ®h¡T¡ hvq ®k, mydxh¡−cl
g~jp¤l †KviAvb ®b−L H−p−Rz ¢WL HLCi¡−h A‡bKnv`xmJ mydxh¡−cl pjbÑe L−lz ¢L¿º
Hacp−šÆJ †Kvb†Kvb ®mML mydxh¡c ¢iæ pwúª¢a ®b−L Cpm¡−j Ae¤fÐ−hn K‡i‡Q h−m ja
®f¡oZ K‡ibz ®kje-®hc¡¿¹ J ®h±Ü `k©‡bi fÐi¡h, wLª÷vbxq J ¢eJ-®fÔ−V¡¢eL fÐi¡h Hhw
f¡l¢pL fÐi¡hz H¢cL ®b−L mydxh¡c AiÉ¿¹l£Z Hhw h¡¢qÉL c¤'¢V Drm ®b−L Drm¡¢laz

1. p¤g£h¡c Evf¢šl AiÉ¿¹l£Z Drm

gymwjg`k©‡biAb¨vb¨ n¡M¡l ®kje Drmi‡q‡Q, ®aj¢e mydxh¡−clJ Drmi‡q‡Qz mydxh¡−cl
fÐd¡e Hhw AiÉ¿¹l£Z Drmn‡jv†KviAvb Hhw nv`xmz †KviAvb Hhw nv`x‡m Hje wKQzDw³
i−u−R k¡l à¡l¡ ®h¡T¡ hvq ®k, mydxh¡c −M¡c †KviAvb Hhw nv`xm q−a Drm¡¢la n‡q‡Qz
Bmjvg djÑ A¡p¡l A¡−NJ A¡lh−cl g‡a¨mydx−cl b¨vq m„wóLaÑ¡−K f¡Ju¡l A¡n¡u wKQz A¡Pvi-
A¡QlZ fÐQ¢ma wQjz ¢L¿º ®p…−m¡ Bmjvgm¤§ZwQj e¡z ®k L¡l−Z ®p…−m¡−L mydxh¡−cl
A¿¹iѤš² Ll¡ hvq e¡z †KviAv‡b Hje wKQzAvqvZ A¡−R k¡ Ava¨vwZ¥K Hhw jlj£ fveaviv
m¤§Zz ®pSeÉ mydxh¡c Bmjvga‡g©i h¡−ae£ ¢c−Ll ¢hL¡n OV¡uz ‘¡−el Drmwn‡m‡e ü‘¡,
Avjøvni A¢àa£u Hhw Ap£j l©f, RM‡Zi AÙÛ¡¢uaÅ, Avjøvn J au¡l m„wól g‡a¨ °eLVÉ AhÙÛ¡
HC ai‡biAvqvZ…−m¡ mydx−cl Ae¤fС¢Za K‡i‡Qz
Afl¢c−L, mydxh¡−cl C¢aq¡p fkÑ¡−m¡Qe¡ Ll−j ®cM¡ hvq ®k, eh£ L¢lj (p¡x) ¢e−SC
Bmjvga‡g©i fÐbj mydx wQ‡jbz Kv‡RBwZwbmydx−cl …l¦z ®pSeÉ HLb¡ ejvhvq ®k, mydxh¡−cl
C¢aq¡p Bmjvga‡g©iBwZnv‡mi jaC f¤l¡aez Cpm¡−j ®kje ¢hnÄ¡p Hhw A¡j−ml ¢cL A¡−R,
¢WL ®aj¢e h¡−a¢e ¢cLJ i‡q‡Q k¡l à¡l¡ mydxh¡c Evf¢š m¡i K‡i‡Qz ivm~j (p¡x) ®b−L
mydxh¡−cl h£S ay¡l p¡q¡h¡−cl g‡a¨ p’¡¢la n‡qwQj, A¡l p¡q¡h¡ ®b−L a¡−hu£e−cl g‡a¨;
Hi¡−h mydxh¡−cl ¢nr¡ A¡SJ ¢hcÉj¡ez †KviAv‡biwewfbœ A¡u¡−a mydxh¡−cl pjbÑe f¡Ju¡
hvq h−m c¡h£ Ll¡ qu, ®aje wKQzAvqvZ ¢e−jÀ Eܪa Ll¡ n‡jv :
"cª¢øl p¡j−e ¢Lwh¡ ®fR−e k¡ wKQzi‡q‡Q ®p phC wZwbRv‡bbzÕ (2x255)

BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -94

gymwjg `k©b evsjv‡`k Dš§y³ wek¦we`¨vjq

"wZwb†Zvgv‡`imv‡_ A¡−Re ®Avgiv ®kM¡−eC b¡LzÕ (57x4)

"A¡l A¡j¡l (AvjøvM) h¡¾c¡l¡ kMe ®a¡j¡l (ivm~j p¡x) L¡−R ¢S−‘p L−l A¡j¡l hÉ¡f¡−l-
hÙ¹¤a A¡¢j l−u¢R p¢æL−Vz k¡l¡ fСbÑe¡ L−l, a¡−cl fСbÑe¡ Lh¤m L−l ®eC, kMe A¡j¡l L¡−R
fСbÑe¡ L−lzÕ (2x186)
"e−i¡jäm J i§jä−m k¡ wKQz A¡−R, ph¡C AvjøvnicweÎZv ®O¡oZ¡ L−lz wZwb n¢š²dl;
fБ¡juz e−i¡jäm J i§jä−ml l¡SaÅ ay¡lCz wZwbRxeb c¡e K‡ib J jªa¤É OV¡ez wZwb ph
wKQzKi‡Z prjz wZwbC fÐbj, wZwbC phÑ−no, wZwbC fÐL¡nj¡e J AfÐL¡nj¡e Hhw wZwb ph
¢ho−u pjÉL f¢l‘¡azÕ (57x1-3)
"f§hÑ J f¢ÕQj AvjøvniC ! AaHh, ®Avgiv ®k¢c−LC j¤M ®gl¡J, ®p¢c−LC Avjøvn ¢hl¡Sj¡ez
¢eÕQu Avjøvn phÑhÉ¡f£, phÑ‘zÕ (2x115)
"Aaxfl kMe a¡−L (j¡eh) ¢WLW¡L L−l ®eh Hhw a¡−a A¡j¡l iæn ®b−L gy¤L ®ch, ZLb
®Avgiv (†d‡ikZv) a¡l p¡j−e ®pSc¡u f−s ®k−u¡zÕ (15x29)
"p¤al¡w ®Avgiv A¡j¡−L (AvjøvnÚ−K) pÈlZ Ll, A¡¢jJ †Zvgv‡`i pÈlZ l¡M−h¡ Hhw A¡j¡l
Lªa‘a¡ fÐL¡n Ll; ALªa‘ q−u¡ e¡zÕ (2x152)
†KviAv‡bi H mg¯Í A¡u¡−al à¡l¡ mydxh¡−cl pjbÑe f¡Ju¡ hvqz †KviAvbQvovInv`xm à¡l¡
mydxh¡−cl f−r pjbÑe ¢j−mz ‡hgb -
"®k hÉ¢š² a¡l ¢e−S−L ®S−e−R ®p hÉ¢š² a¡l Avjøvn−L ®S−e−RzÕ
"®k e¨w³ig‡a¨ ®fÐj ®eC ®p ¢hnÄ¡p£ euzÕ
†KviAvb Hhw nv`x‡mi Hph N§t¡bÑf§ZÑ ¢nr¡ Cpm¡−j i¢š²h¡c£ i¡hd¡l¡ ¢hL¡−n pq¡ua¡ L−lz
ZvQvovBmjv‡gi Suk¡œ¡l AhÉh¢qa f−l ivR‰bwZK A¢ÙÛ¢an£ma¡ A−fr¡Lªa Cpm¡−j
¢e−h¢cafСZ gymjgvb−cl‡K i¢š²h¡−c Ae¤fС¢Za L−lz H fÐm‡½ AdÉ¡fL A¡ë¤m q¡C h−me,
"With the above teachings of the Quran and the Hadith and the then internal
circumstances of the Muslim world, there is no difficulty in finding that speculative
Sufism, too, was an indigenous growth in Islam"z

2. mydxh¡c Evf¢šl h¡¢qÉL Drm

mydxh¡−cl Evf¢š k¢cJ †KviAvbInv`xm ®b−L, ab¡¢f f¢ÕQj¡ wPšÍvwe`l¡ j−e K‡ib ®k,
myg£h¡c h¡C−ll A‡bKwPšÍvd¡l¡l fÐi¡−h Evf¢š m¡i K‡i‡Qz ie−œ²j¡l, −X¡S£, q−VÑe,
®N¡ô¢kq¡l, hСEe, ¢eLmpe cÖgyL ®mML j−e K‡ib ®k, ¢h−cn£ wPšÍvd¡l¡l fÐi¡h mydxh¡−c
®hn£z ay¡−cl c¡h£ Ae¤p¡−l mydxh¡−c ®j¡V wZb¢V ¢h−cn£ wPšÍvd¡l¡l fÐi¡h A¡−R| ®p…−m¡
n‡jvx (K) ®hc¡¿¹ J ®h±Ü `k©‡bi fÐi¡h (L)wLª÷vbxq J ¢eJ-®fÔ−V¡¢eL fÐi¡h Hhw (M)
f¡l¢pL fÐi¡hz
(K) ®hc¡¿¹ J ®h±Ü `k©‡bi fÐi¡h
j−VÑe J ®N¡ô¢kq¡l HC ja ®f¡oZ K‡ibz Zuv−cl j−a, i¡la£u Hhw ®h±Ü wPšÍvd¡l¡q
jlj£h¡−cl pwØf−nÑ H−p gymjgvbivmydxh¡−cl ®N¡s¡fše K‡ibz HC RM‡Zi k¡ wKQzAvgiv
®c¢M a¡ ®k Am£L h−m mydxl¡ j−e K‡ib ®p ¢nr¡ mydxl¡ ®hc¡¿¹ J ®h±Ü `k©b ®b−L
†c‡q‡Qe|GgbwK L−W¡l pwk−jl ¢nr¡ i¡la£u ®k¡N£ J G¢o−cl wbKU ®b−L Zuviv†c‡q‡Qez
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BDwbU - 5 c„ôv -100