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Chapter 07
Coping, Resilience, and Social Support
1. Which of the following statements best defines coping?
A. the information from others that one is loved and cared for, esteemed and valued, and part of a network of
communications and mutual obligations
B. the belief that one can determine one’s own behavior, influence one’s environment, and bring about desired outcomes
C. the modification of how stress is experienced and the impact it has on illness and other aspects of life
D. the thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of situations that are appraised as stressful
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2. The relationship between coping and a stressful event is a _____ process.

A. divergent
B. synergistic
C. dynamic
D. static
3. Which of the following is an important aspect of coping?

A. suppression of emotional reactions to stress
B. complete avoidance of stressful events
C. tolerance of harmful environmental conditions
D. voluntary actions taken to confront stressful events
4. Individuals who display high negative affectivity are

A. likely to have a disease-prone personality.
B. likely to seek medical care when they are fatally ill.
C. likely to reject medical treatments that cure terminal diseases.
D. likely to create a FALSE impression of good health.
5. Neuroticism coupled with social inhibition and isolation is sometimes referred to as the _____ personality.
A. Type A
B. Type B
C. Type D
D. Type E
6. Positive emotional states are known to reduce levels of _____, which is a stress indicator.
A. serotonin
B. cortisol
C. dopamine
D. oxytocin
7. Which of the following is a characteristic of optimism?

A. It encourages individuals to accept adverse environmental conditions.
B. It encourages people to be self-reliant when coping with stress.
C. It promotes active and persistent coping efforts in individuals.
D. It fosters a sense of external control over circumstances.
8. Psychological control is the belief that

A. people positively affirm values that make them feel better about themselves and show lower physiological activity and
distress.
B. one can determine one’s own behavior, influence one’s environment, and bring about desired outcomes.
C. opportunities for rest, relaxation, and renewal can help people cope effectively with stressors.
D. people strive for a state of mind marked by heightened awareness of the present and focus on the moment.
7-1
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consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
9. When optimists’ expectations are not met or when they face resistance in pursuing their goals, they are likely to
experience
A. long-term physical conditions.
B. short-term psychological problems.
C. long-term psychological problems.
D. short-term physiological conditions.
10. People vary with regard to whether they are fundamentally optimistic or pessimistic in nature. The test developed to
measure this dispositional optimism is known as the
A. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.
B. Cognitive Behavioral Test.
C. Brief COPE.
D. Life Orientation Test.
11. Sarah is scheduled for a hysterectomy. A health psychologist visits her in the hospital and finds that she is worried about
the pain involved in the surgery. The psychologist clearly explains the procedure to Sarah and answers her questions to ease
her worries. He also teaches her a relaxation technique that she can use before the surgery to control her anxiety. The
psychologist explains the drug-delivery method to her so she understands when and how much of the pain-relief drug she
will receive. In this case, the health psychologist is conducting a(n) _____ intervention.
A. control-enhancing
B. informational support
C. expressive-writing
D. tangible assistance
12. _____ maintains that through collaboration with family and friends or with medical practitioners, one may successfully
cope with a stressful event.
A. Self-control
B. Secondary control
C. Primary control
D. Thought control
13. High self-esteem is closely related to

A. weak defense mechanisms.
B. poor health behaviors.
C. high levels of stress indicators.
D. low levels of HPA axis activity.
14. Which of the following is true of people with high self-esteem?

A. They are more likely to be providers of social support than receivers of it.
B. They are likely to contract psychological disorders.
C. They are likely to require major medical intervention for congenital diseases.
D. They are likely to risk their health through smoking or excessive drinking.
15. A personality style characterized by optimism, a sense of control, conscientiousness, self-esteem, and positivity is the
_____ personality.
A. disease-prone
B. selective-coping
C. health-prone
D. stress-preventive
16. Surveys show that nearly half the people in the United States deal with their health problems through
A. writing.
B. prayer.
C. meditation.
D. yoga.
7-2
17. _____ is a psychological resource that not only allows individuals to confront and cope with stressors but also helps them
bounce back from bad experiences and adapt flexibly to the changing demands of stressful situations.
A. Extraversion
B. Mindfulness
C. Resilience
D. Conscientiousness
18. Organized religion provides a sense of _____ to people.

A. inhibition
B. negative affectivity
C. institutionalism
D. group identity
19. _____ is a propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way.

A. Primary response style
B. Individual difference
C. Direct effect
D. Coping style
20. James is a lawyer who used to work at the World Trade Center until the 9/11 incident took place. He survived the
building collapse but was diagnosed with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) soon after. Over the next few months, he
spent time gathering information on the attack, talking to other survivors, and organizing resources for them. Which of the
following coping styles is James using?
A. avoidant
B. projection
C. approach
D. regression
21. _____ involves efforts to regulate emotions experienced due to a stressful event.
A. Emotion-focused coping
B. Problem-focused coping
C. Appraisal-focused coping
D. Proactive coping
22. Which of the following statements is true of emotion-focused coping?

A. It is more useful in the long term than while coping with daily life stressors.
B. It leads people to affirm important aspects of their identity.
C. It helps people anticipate and act against potential stressors.
D. It is most beneficial when applied to work-related problems.
23. When people anticipate potential stressors and act in advance either to prevent them or to reduce their impact, it is known
as
A. problem-focused coping.
B. proactive coping.
C. appraisal-focused coping.
D. emotional approach coping.
24. People living in low socioeconomic circumstances who are unable to modify the stressors that affect them may be
especially benefitted by _____ reappraisal.
A. positive
B. detached
C. negative
D. desegregated
7-3
25. Which of the following is assessed by the Brief COPE?
A. inflammatory responses to relaxation therapies
B. health effects of emotional disclosure
C. commonly used coping styles for managing stressful events
D. potential costs of receiving social support and enhancing emotional support
26. Compared to people low in socioeconomic status (SES), people who are high in socioeconomic status have
A. more medical and psychiatric disorders.
B. lower physical activity.
C. more negative events or realities.
D. lower mortality rates.
27. Which of the following is a successful coping outcome?

A. tolerating negative realities
B. extricating from relationships with others
C. wavering in one’s emotional equilibrium
D. maintaining a negative self-image
28. Coping efforts are considered to be successful if they

A. provoke the stress regulatory system.
B. increase the physiological indicators of arousal.
C. restrict a person from performing desired activities.
D. reduce psychological distress.
29. A method of intervention based on confronting traumatic and stressful events in one’s life by communicating them via
text is known as
A. relaxation therapy.
B. autobiographic writing.
C. cognitive-behavior therapy.
D. expressive writing.
30. A college professor of psychology had his class write a paper about the most traumatic and stressful events in their lives.
Although this may have caused immediate psychological distress to the students, the professor was confident that the long-
term stress related to these events would eventually reduce. In this case, the professor had most likely conducted a(n) _____
intervention with his class.
A. expressive writing
B. control-enhancing
C. stress inoculation
D. debriefing
31. The goal of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is to

A. help notice thoughts from a distance and avoid response to them.
B. teach people to ignore their thoughts in a mindful manner.
C. change the private experience of stress and maintain commitment.
D. help people challenge their thoughts directly.
32. _____ can undermine defensive reactions to threats.

A. Self-actualization
B. Self-control
C. Self-affirmation
D. Self-reliance
33. _____ make use of techniques devised by health psychologists to teach people how to identify stressors and reduce their
7-4
impact.
A. Social support interventions
B. Stress management programs
C. Biopsychosocial exercises
D. Religious interventions
34. In the self-monitoring phase of the Combat Stress Now (CSN) program, students are trained to
A. recognize and eliminate the negative self-talk they go through when they face stressful events.
B. focus on what happens just before they experience feelings of stress.
C. observe their own behavior closely and to record the circumstances that they find most stressful.
D. experience their stressful events in a strong manner to understand the extent of the symptoms.
35. Recording negative self-statements or irrational thoughts that accompany a stressful experience usually occurs in the
_____ phase of the Combat Stress Now (CSN) program.
A. acquiring skills
B. completing take-home assignments
C. engaging in positive self-talk and self-instruction
D. setting new goals
36. _____ forces a person to distinguish among stressful events that need to be avoided, tolerated, or overcome.
A. Goal setting
B. Time management
C. Relaxation training
D. Self-instruction
37. In stress management interventions, _____ helps people set specific goals, establish priorities, and learn what to ignore.
A. self-instruction
B. emotional support
C. time management
D. tangible assistance
38. Sarah is taking a stress management class. Her instructor provides her with a variety of techniques to combat stress and
identify the stress carriers in her environment. Sarah is instructed to try the techniques to identify the ones that work best for
her so she can confront stressful situations. In this case, the instructor is using _____ training.
A. promotional
B. relaxation
C. remedial
D. assertiveness
39. _____ is defined as information from others that one is loved and cared for, esteemed and valued, and part of a network
of communication and mutual obligations.
A. Informational support
B. Expressive writing
C. Palliative care
D. Social support
40. _____ is a form of social support that involves the provision of services, financial assistance, or goods.
A. Emotional support
B. Tangible assistance
C. Invisible support
D. Informational assistance
41. A patient with AIDS decides to approach his friend, who is a health therapist, for treatment. He feels that his therapist
friend is able to help him in ways that his family is unable to. The therapist helps him find ways to cope with the disease and
7-5
the resulting social pressure. This is an example of
A. psychological control.
B. informational support.
C. tangible assistance.
D. emotional support.
42. Providing emotional support involves

A. supplying an individual with factual and informational knowledge about a stressful situation.
B. giving material support to an individual in a stressful situation.
C. assisting an individual without his or her knowledge.
D. reassuring an individual that he or she is valuable and cared for.
43. Invisible support is when

A. one receives help from another but is unaware of it.
B. there is a perception that social support will be available.
C. there is a provision of material assistance.
D. one receives reassurance that he or she is a valuable person.
44. Studies have found that social support has beneficial effects on the _____ system.
A. lymphatic
B. muscular
C. integumentary
D. endocrine
45. The _____ hypothesis maintains that social support is generally beneficial during nonstressful as well as stressful times.
A. matching
B. working
C. buffering
D. direct effects
46. What does the buffering hypothesis state about the moderation of stress by social support?
A. Psychological stress cannot be effectively moderated through social support.
B. Social support is equally beneficial during stressful as well as nonstressful periods.
C. Humans are the only effective sources of social support.
D. Social support offers little benefit in periods of low stress.
47. According to research on social support, which of the following is one of the best protectors against stress?
A. having a large house
B. having a busy career
C. having a child
D. having a satisfying marriage
48. Experiencing the divorce of one’s parents in childhood predicts

A. excessive resilience in adolescence.
B. premature death in middle age.
C. cardiovascular diseases in old age.
D. early aging.
49. Different kinds of stressful events create different needs, and social support is most effective when it meets those needs.
This is called the
A. direct effects hypothesis.
B. buffering hypothesis.
C. matching hypothesis.
D. working hypothesis.
7-6
50. The benefits of social support are greatest when

A. an individual about to undergo an uncomfortable medical procedure receives invisible support.
B. the person from whom one is seeking support is perceived to be responsive to one’s needs.
C. the person who is receiving the support has at least above average intelligence.
D. an individual does not have a problem but finds the appropriate form of social support.
51. Negative and competitive social interactions are associated with

A. chronic inflammation.
B. low levels of inflammation.
C. normal levels of inflammation.
D. high levels of inflammation.
52. Inflammation in response to a short-term stressor can be

A. inhibited.
B. painful.
C. adaptive.
D. maladaptive.
53. When an individual grows up in a harsh family, he or she displays

A. resilience in handling relationships during old age.
B. greater coping mechanisms in stressful situations during adulthood.
C. a risk of developing chronic illnesses during childhood.
D. strong inflammatory response to stress in adolescence.
54. _____ social contact may actually worsen the experience of stress.
A. Negative
B. Overly passive
C. Modest
D. Overly intrusive
55. Health psychologists view social support as an important resource in

A. multimodal prevention.
B. primary prevention.
C. secondary prevention.
D. tertiary prevention.
56. Emotional reactions, including anger and depression, are part of the coping process.
TRUE
57. Negative affectivity has been related to alcoholism, depression, and suicidal behavior but not to poor health.
FALSE
58. Optimistic people use problem-focused coping and seek social support from others.
TRUE
59. People with strong spiritual beliefs have greater life satisfaction and a slower course of illness than those who do not
hold strong spiritual convictions.
TRUE
60. Receiving social support from one’s parents in early life has little effect on one’s coping abilities and health in
7-7
adulthood.
FALSE
61. Celebrating positive events with other people improves mood in the short term but does not show significant benefits
over the long term.
FALSE
62. It is more beneficial to use emotion-focused coping while dealing with work-related problems.
FALSE
63. Mindfulness engages the prefrontal cortical regions of the brain, which regulate affect and downregulate activity in the
limbic areas related to anxiety and other negative emotions.
TRUE
64. Emotional support is most beneficial when it comes from experts who are responsive to an individual’s needs.
FALSE
65. Networking may be an added source of social support for people, but those who use it to express distress may drive
others away.
TRUE
66. Explain coping and the relationship between personality and coping.
Coping is defined as the thoughts and behaviors used to manage the internal and external demands of stressful situations.
Coping has several important characteristics. The relationship between coping and a stressful event is a dynamic process. It
is not a one-time action that an individual takes, but a set of responses that occur over time, by which the environment and
the individual influence each other. Another important aspect of coping is its breadth. Emotional reactions, including anger
or depression, are part of the coping process as are actions that are voluntarily undertaken to confront the event. The
personality characteristics that each person brings to a stressful event influence how he or she will cope with that event.
67. Explain the term stress moderators, and provide an example of a stress moderator.
Stress moderators are personal and circumstantial factors that modify how stress is experienced and the effects it has.
Moderators of the stress experience may have an impact on stress itself, on the relation between stress and psychological
responses, on the relation between stress and illness, and on the degree to which a stressful experience intrudes into other
aspects of life. Social support, self-esteem, and a sense of humor are resources that act as stress moderators. For example,
having a supportive life partner while undergoing treatment for a disease can act as a stress moderator.
68. Explain the Combat Stress Now (CSN) program, and cite a few advantages of using this program.
The CSN program is a stress management program that makes use of the various phases of education, skill acquisition, and
practice to overcome stress. The phases in this program provide instruction on identifying stressors, monitoring stress,
identifying stress antecedents, avoiding negative self-talk, completing take-home assignments, acquiring skills, setting new
goals, engaging in positive self-talk and self-instruction, and using other cognitive-behavioral techniques. The advantages of
using this program are that it imparts an array of valuable skills for living in a world with many sources of stress, it helps
individuals find a particular technique that works for him or her, and it aids in effectively dealing with stress by improving
mental and physical health.
69. Define social support, and elucidate the different forms of social support.
Social support is defined as information from others that one is loved and cared for, esteemed and valued, and part of a
network of communication and mutual obligations. Social support can come from parents, a spouse or partner, other
relatives, friends, social and community contacts, and pets. Social support can take any of several forms.
7-8
Test Bank for Health Psychology 10th Edition Shelley Taylor
Tangible assistance involves the provision of material support such as services, financial assistance, or goods. Family and
friends can provide informational support about stressful events. Supportive friends and family can provide emotional
support by reassuring the person that he or she is a valuable individual who is cared for. When one receives beneficial help
from another but is unaware of receiving the support or of its source, it is called invisible support.
70. What is a biopsychosocial pathway, and how is it beneficial in promoting health?
Biopsychosocial pathways are channels of social support by which social contacts exert beneficial or health-compromising
effects. Studies suggest that social support has beneficial effects on the cardiovascular, endocrine, and immune systems.
Social support can reduce physiological and neuroendocrine responses to stress. Psychologists often study the effects of
social support through the acute stress paradigm. This paradigm takes people into the laboratory and puts them through
stressful tasks. It then measures their biological stress responses. Social support is tied to reduced cortisol responses to stress,
which can have beneficial effects on illness. Social support is also associated with better immune functioning. These
biopsychosocial pathways provide the links between social support and reduced risk of illness.
Category # of Questions
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Title: Bocetos al temple. Tipos trashumantes

Obras completas - Vol. VIII
Author: José María de Pereda
Release date: January 20, 2024 [eBook #72768]
Language: Spanish
Original publication: Madrid: Viuda e Hijos de Manuel Tello,

1898
Credits: Andrés V. Galia, Santiago and the Online Distributed

Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file
was produced from images generously made available
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*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BOCETOS

AL TEMPLE. TIPOS TRASHUMANTES ***
NOTAS DEL TRANSCRIPTOR
En la versión de texto sin formatear el texto en
cursiva está encerrado entre guiones bajos
(_cursiva_) y el texto en Versalitas se
representa en mayúsculas como en
VERSALITAS.
El criterio utilizado para llevar a cabo esta
transcripción ha sido el de respetar las reglas
vigentes de la Real Academia Española cuando
la presente edición de esta obra fue publicada.
El lector interesado puede consultar el Mapa de
Diccionarios Académicos de la Real Academia
Española.
En la presente transcripción se adecuó la
ortografía de las mayúsculas acentuadas a las
reglas indicadas por la RAE, que establecen
que el acento ortográfico debe utilizarse,
incluso si la vocal acentuada está en
mayúsculas.
El Índice ha sido reubicado al principio de la
obra.
Se han corregido errores evidentes de
puntuación y otros errores tipográficos y de
ortografía.
La portada modificada incluida en este libro
electrónico se ha agregado al dominio público.
OBRAS COMPLETAS
DE
D. JOSÉ MARÍA DE PEREDA
OBRAS COMPLETAS
DE
D. JOSÉ M. DE PEREDA
de la Real Academia Española
Tomo VIII
BOCETOS AL TEMPLE
TIPOS TRASHUMANTES
SEGUNDA EDICIÓN
MADRID
VIUDA É HIJOS DE MANUEL TELLO
1898
Es propiedad del autor.
ADVERTENCIAS
En la que precede al tomo I de esta colección hallará el lector
curioso las razones que el autor ha tenido para desglosar de la
primera edición de los Bocetos, y publicarle en volumen aparte, el
titulado Los hombres de pro.
El motivo por el cual se publican hoy reunidas aquí, contra lo
anunciado en la cubierta del tomo anterior, dos obras que siempre
han estado separadas, es el deseo de que haya la posible igualdad
de tamaños en todos los volúmenes de la colección.
ÍNDICE
Página
Advertencias 5
BOCETOS AL
TEMPLE
La mujer del César 9
Oros son triunfos 135
TIPOS
TRASHUMANTES
Al lector 269
Las de Cascajares 271
Los de Becerril 279
El Excelentísimo Señor 285
Las interesantísimas señoras 291
Un artista 297
Un sabio 307
Un aprensivo 319
Un despreocupado 337
Luz radiante 345
Brumas densas 357
El barón de la Rescoldera 369
El Marqués de la
379
Mansedumbre
Un joven distinguido (visto
389
desde sus pensamientos)
Las del año pasado 403
En candelero 415
Al trasluz 423
BOCETOS AL TEMPLE
LA MUJER DEL CÉSAR
No se necesitaba ser un gran fisonomista para comprender, por la

cara de un hombre que recorría á cortos pasos la calle de Carretas
de Madrid, en una mañana de enero, que aquel hombre se aburría
soberanamente; y bastaba reparar un instante en el corte atrasadillo
de su vestido, chillón y desentonado, para conocer que el tal sujeto
no solamente no era madrileño, pero ni siquiera provinciano de
ciudad. Sin embargo, ni de su aire ni de su rostro podía deducirse
que fuera un palurdo. Era alto, bien proporcionado y garboso, y se
fijaba en personas y en objetos, no con el afán del aldeano que de
todo se asombra, sino con la curiosidad del que encuentra lo que,
en su concepto, es natural que se encuentre en el sitio que recorre,
por más que le sea desconocido.
Praderas de terciopelo, bosques frondosos, arroyos y cascadas,
rocas y flores, eran las galas de su país. Nada más natural que
fuesen las grandes vidrieras y los caprichos de las artes suntuarias
el especial ornamento de la capital de España, centro del lujo, de la
galantería y de los grandes vicios de toda la nación.
Este personaje, que debía de llevar ya largas horas vagando por las
aceras que comenzaban á poblarse de gente, miraba con
impaciencia su reló de plata, bostezaba, requería los anchos
extremos de la bufanda con que se abrigaba el cuello, y tan pronto
retrocedía indeciso como avanzaba resuelto.
En una de éstas, bajó á la Puerta del Sol y comenzó á mirar en
todas direcciones, como quien se halla en un país enteramente
desconocido. Al cabo, preguntando á unos y consultando á otros,
llegó á la calle del Príncipe y entró en un espacioso portal, cuya
elegante escalera subió rápido. Llamó á la puerta del primer piso, y
atravesando alfombrados corredores con la desenvoltura propia del
que ni los envidia ni los necesita, llegó á un ancho salón cubierto de
maravillas de lujo, y allí se detuvo, vacilante, unos momentos. El
silencio que reinaba en la habitación y la escasa luz que penetraba
por los pesados cortinajes, cortaron evidentemente sus bríos.
En tal situación de ánimo, se dejó caer en una butaca, junto á un
velador sobrecargado de dijes y papeles.
Mientras manoseaba maquinalmente algunos de éstos, comenzó á
recorrer la estancia con la vista, más avezada ya á la obscuridad
que le envolvía...
Y aquí caigo yo en la cuenta de que voy dando á este mozo cierto
aire siniestramente misterioso, que así cuadra á su carácter como á
un santo una pistola, y de que esto me obliga á poner las cosas en
su punto antes que las sospechas del lector lleguen adonde no
deben llegar.
Al efecto, con esa virtud maravillosa, inherente al novelista libre, voy
á hacer que mi hombre piense recio; recurso precioso que ha
engendrado el monólogo y el aparte en el teatro, merced á lo cual se
entera del más recóndito pensamiento de un personaje el
espectador más sordo, sin que de él se percaten sus más
inmediatos interlocutores.
Y manoseando papeles el de la bufanda, cayéronsele dos al suelo; y
cediendo á esa tentación que no es propia exclusivamente de las
mujeres, sino también de los hombres cuando nadie los ve, después
de recogerlos sobre la alfombra, leyó en uno de ellos:
—...«Por un aderezo de oro y perlas... ca... tor... ce mil...». ¡Qué
barbaridad!
Y luego en el otro:
—«...Por dos cortes de vestido... siete mil cuatrocien...». ¡Ave María
Purísima!
(Esto ya lo dijo plegando las cuentas y dejándolas sobre el velador):
—He aquí dos despilfarros que harían feliz á una familia pobre...
¡Desventurado Carlos! Á este paso no te bastan las minas del
Potosí.
Después volvió á pasear su vista por la habitación.
—Naturalmente—pensó:—á tal templo, tales vestiduras... ¡Y si fuera
esto sólo!—continuó, llevando sus meditaciones á otra parte;—¡si
fuera esto sólo lo que me hormiguea en el alma! Pero anoche,
aquellas horas de venir á casa, sola, peor que sola, con ese
mequetrefe extraño... su intimidad con él; la indiferencia de ambos
hacia el marido... la impasibilidad de éste... ¿Podrá llegar la moda á
justificar tales hechos?... De todas maneras, Carlos no es tonto; yo
no he tenido tiempo de hablar con él todavía... En fin, ello dirá—
exclamó muy recio, levantándose y mirando su reló.—¡Canastos!—
murmuró;—las diez y media ya, y nadie resuella en esta casa. Pues
dígote que andarán bien servidos tus litigantes... ¡Por vida de...
Carlos!... ¡Carlitos!... (Esto lo gritaba acercándose á una de las
puertas inmediatas).
Entonces, bajo las colgaduras que la asombraban, apareció,
envuelto en perezosa bata, un hombre de regular estatura, de rostro
bello, aunque muy pálido y ojeroso, coronado por una frente ancha y
bien delineada, sobre la que caían, en elegante y natural desorden,
algunos mechones de cabellos negros y lustrosos.
—¡Querido Ramón!—exclamó tendiendo los brazos al que le
llamaba.
—¡Acabaras de levantarte, caramba!—dijo el llamado Ramón,
correspondiendo con igual expresión de cariño.
—¡Cómo qué!... Si hace dos horas que estoy en mi despacho.
—Pero durmiendo.
—Trabajando, si te parece.
—Que para el caso es igual; porque si tú no dormías, dormiría
Isabel.
—Eso sí que no lo sé.
—¿Cómo que no lo sabes?
—Como que duerme ahí enfrente, y á las horas que mejor le
parecen.
—¡Y viva la autonomía! como ahora se dice. Pues, hombre, sábete
que por respetos á ella no entré á sacarte de entre sábanas.
Figúrate que me levanté á las siete, porque la cama nueva, aunque
sea de blandas plumas, siempre se extraña, además de que yo soy,
por hábito, madrugador; en seguida me eché á la calle, y he
recorrido la mayor parte de las de la capital, y me he extraviado en
la mitad de ellas; he visto cuanto puede verse de balde en Madrid,
en tres horas de incesante movimiento; me he aburrido mucho; he
vuelto á casa... y aquí me tienes,—añadió Ramón, mirando con
extraña curiosidad la cara de su interlocutor.
—¡Pobre montañesuco!—exclamó Carlos riendo;—¿conque no te
divierte Madrid por la mañana?
—Ni tampoco por la noche,—respondió Ramón intencionalmente,
buscando nuevos puntos de vista á la cara de Carlos.
—Ya se ve, como no se parece á nuestro pueblo...
—Por desgracia...
—Pero ¿qué diablos miras con tanto empeño?—preguntó Carlos,
chocándole la curiosidad de Ramón.
—¿Quieres hacerme el favor—replicó éste muy serio,—de abrir una
de esas vidrieras que dan á la calle?
—¿Para qué?...
—Para que entre la luz... No me arreglo bien con las medias tintas.
Carlos complació á Ramón, y volvió á sentarse á su lado. Entonces
éste, aprovechándose de la claridad que inundaba la sala, miró á su
sabor la cara del primero, y no pudo reprimir un movimiento de
sorpresa.
—Carlos—exclamó alarmado,—anoche, medio aturdido aún con el
zarandeo del viaje, y á la luz artificial, no pude darme cuenta de tu
fisonomía; pero ahora veo por ella... que no estás bueno...
—¡Ave María!—respondió Carlos esforzándose por sonreir.—Te
ciega tu cariño de hermano.
—No, ¡vive Dios!... Y es que sin duda trabajas demasiado.
—Te aseguro que me sobra salud.
—Yo insisto en que te falta mucha de la que tenías. Mira, Carlos,
que en la posición que ocupas, jamás te perdonaría, ni tampoco
Dios, que te afanases por ahorrar algunos maravedís... Verdad es
que gastas largo y tendido; pero tu mujer es rica.
—Y en tu concepto, ¿esa razón me excusa de trabajar?
—De matarte trabajando, sí... Y ¡qué diablo! en último caso, ¿no
vales tú medio Madrid, cuanto más una millonaria?... Nada, chico,
date vida de canónigo, ya que puedes, que de soltero bien sudaste
el pan que comiste... Y cuenta que esto mismo respondí á nuestro
tío Pablo no ha muchos días, cuando me dijo: «Desengáñate,
Ramón: Carlos hizo la gran jugada del siglo».
—¡Eso dijo!—repuso Carlos con gesto de mal reprimido disgusto.—
¡Cuántos, Ramón, dirán aquí otro tanto al verme pasar! ¡Y te extraña
que trabaje como si lo necesitara para comer!
—Luego trabajas mucho.
—Trabajo mucho, sí... ¿Á qué negártelo?—contestó Carlos con
decisión.—Trabajo—continuó con aire de lícito orgullo,—cuanto
necesito para sostener mi casa á la altura en que la ves.
—¿Y también los gastos de tu mujer salen de ese trabajo?—
preguntó Ramón, quizá recordando las dos consabidas cuentas.
—También—respondió Carlos,—y en ello fundo mi mayor
satisfacción.
—¡Alma de Dios!... Tú te estás matando... Y ¿por qué?... ¡Voto al!...
No, señor, eso no es justo... ni siquiera decente. Tú, tan honrado,
tan caballero, trabajando diez años hasta adquirir un nombre que es
hoy la gloria del Foro español, ¿no has de tener derecho para
descansar al amparo de ese mismo dinero que has ganado, y de lo
que, por ser de tu mujer, es tuyo legítimamente?
—No conoces, Ramón, la villana condición de las gentes, ni sabes
hasta qué punto soy yo aprensivo—repuso Carlos con cierta
amargura.
—Además—añadió con repugnancia,—el diablo no sosiega; y si un
día, entregado yo á la holganza, imbuyera en Isabel esa idea...
—¡Cómo!
—¡Oh! yo nada sospecho—se apresuró á decir éste:—al contrarío,
Isabel es la bondad misma; pero quiero ponerme en todos los casos
y vivir prevenido. Además, el trabajo me es indispensable... la
ociosidad me enerva.
—¿Y sabe ella todo eso?
—Si lo supiera no lo consentiría... ¡Pero de todo te pasmas, hombre!
—añadió Carlos, fingiendo una admiración que estaba muy lejos de
sentir.
—No es extraño—dijo con sorna Ramón.—Soy nuevo en Madrid y
vengo de nuestra aldea... Por eso, si mis preguntas te ofenden,
perdona mi franqueza ruda, pero leal, y me callo como un muerto.
—¿También sensible?—se apresuró á decir Carlos en el tono más
afable que pudo, creyendo haber ofendido la cariñosa sinceridad de
su hermano.—¿De cuándo acá necesitas tú mi autorización para
sondearme la conciencia?
—Pues entonces, prosigo—dijo Ramón con la mayor formalidad.—
¿Quién administra los bienes de Isabel?
—¿Quién ha de administrarlos sino yo?
—Claro; y ella creerá que todas sus rentas se consumen.
—Jamás trató de averiguarlo.
—¿Y en qué las empleas?
—En cuanto puede dar un producto fijo y seguro.
—Ahorrar para el diablo.
—No tal.
—¡Más claro!...
—¿Quién te dice que mañana?...
—Por ejemplo, un heredero...
—¿Y por qué no? Verás entonces cómo las circunstancias varían.
—En fin, quédese este punto para mejor ocasión, y pasemos á otro.
¿Eres feliz?
—¡Qué pregunta!... Sí lo soy...
—¿No te aturde el ruido del mundo?
—No le oigo desde aquí.
—Es verdad. Pues á tu mujer la embriaga.
—Como que es su elemento.
—Y esa divergencia de gustos ¿no te desazona siquiera?
—Como ella vive con el suyo y yo con el mío...
—¡Extraña conformidad! Pero ¿no sería preferible que tu mujer se
amoldara á tus costumbres?
—Y ¿por qué no he de amoldarme yo á las suyas?
—Porque no es eso lo que Dios manda, sino lo otro.

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2. The relationship between coping and a stressful event is a _____ process.

3. Which of the following is an important aspect of coping?

4. Individuals who display high negative affectivity are

7. Which of the following is a characteristic of optimism?

8. Psychological control is the belief that

13. High self-esteem is closely related to

14. Which of the following is true of people with high self-esteem?

18. Organized religion provides a sense of _____ to people.

19. _____ is a propensity to deal with stressful events in a particular way.

22. Which of the following statements is true of emotion-focused coping?

27. Which of the following is a successful coping outcome?

28. Coping efforts are considered to be successful if they

31. The goal of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is to

32. _____ can undermine defensive reactions to threats.

42. Providing emotional support involves

43. Invisible support is when

48. Experiencing the divorce of one’s parents in childhood predicts

50. The benefits of social support are greatest when

51. Negative and competitive social interactions are associated with

52. Inflammation in response to a short-term stressor can be

53. When an individual grows up in a harsh family, he or she displays

55. Health psychologists view social support as an important resource in

70. What is a biopsychosocial pathway, and how is it beneficial in promoting health?

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Title: Bocetos al temple. Tipos trashumantes

Author: José María de Pereda

Release date: January 20, 2024 [eBook #72768]

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