ORG/MNG

REVIEWER
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
(ORG)

01 Meaning and nature of management

05 Types of plan
09 Financial controls

02 Types of managers
06 Organizational design

03 Administrative management theories

07 Leadership theories

04 Management function 08 Marketing Control

MEANING AND NATURE OF
MANAGEMENT

Management is the process of planning, organizing, leading, and

controlling the activities of an organization effectively and efficiently
to achieve its goals.
It plays a crucial role in every organization, especially in today's
world that is much more complex and where constant change is the
norm.
TYPES OF MANAGER
•Managers performed the managerial functions in the organization
and assume different roles in the performance of their duties.

Types of managers

Figurehead - As a figurehead, the
manager performs social, inspirational,
legal, and ceremonial duties.
Leader - The heart of the manager-
subordinate relationship and
managerial power.
Liason - As a liaison, the manager is
an information and communication
center.
Monitor - The manager seeks and
receives information from sources to
evaluate the organization’s performance
Disseminator - Communicates
external information to the organization
Spokesperson - The manager released
information to the group and entities
outside the company.
Entrepreneur - The manager designs
and initiates new opportunities for the
company. (Risk Taker)
Disturbance - Manager steps in to deal with this
matter, evaluate the situation, reallocate
resources, and provide adequate support to the
company.
Resource allocator - Manager oversees
and controls resource allocation by
evaluating decisions involving resources.
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORIES
The administrative management theory focuses on the role of
managers as administrators of the organization
Equity
•Division of Labor Predominance of the general interest
Stability of tenure
•Authority Remuneration
of Personnel
•Discipline Centralization
Initiative
•Unity of command Scalar chain
Esprit décor
•Unity of direction Order
ADMINISTRATIVE MANAGEMENT THEORIES
The administrative management theory focuses on the role of
managers as administrators of the organization
•Division of Labor Predominance of the general interest Equity
•Authority Remuneration Stability
•Discipline Centralization Initiative
•Unity of command Scalar chain Esprit décor
•Unity of direction Order
 MANAGEMENT FUNCTION
4 Types of Management
Function

Planning Organizing
•The management function where managers identify and •Refers to structuring the business organization in
select the company's goals and determine the such a way that employees are grouped together to
corresponding course of action in order to achieve them. perform jobs or tasks.

Leading Controlling
•Managers help the company achieve its objectives •Controlling requires managers to identify any
by motivating their subordinates to perform the deviation from the strategies and methods used in
tasks assigned to them. attaining the company's objectives.
TYPES OF PLAN
Planning is by nature an intellectual exercise.
Goals must be clearly established, and this should adhere to the
vision and mission of the company.

1.Strategic Planning- is done by top-level managers over a long

period of time and is not heavy on details.

2.Tactical Planning– is done by middle-level managers over one

to two years with more specific details.

3.Operational Planning- is done by front-line managers and

performed meticulously using short-term plans, for less than a
year.
TYPES OF PLAN
Planning is by nature an intellectual exercise.
Goals must be clearly established, and this should adhere to the
vision and mission of the company.

Other types of Planning (Contingency)

Contingency planning - A contingency plan is a special plan

created for unexpected scenarios or changes.
Crisis management plan - A Plan made in preparation for any
kind of crisis
Scenario planning - Formulated plans for both positive and
negative scenarios that may arise from the implementation of
plans.
ORGANIZATIONAL DESIGN
Five structural designs of organizational design

Functional grouping Divisional grouping

Organizes a company by grouping together Organizes a company into divisions that
semi functions into departments correspond to certain products or services.
Tasks and operations are controlled
(Branch, Departments)
through vertical hierarchy (Top > bottom)
Multi-focus grouping
Functional organizational structure Combines both the functional and divisional
structures in organizing a company.

Horizontal grouping
Eliminates the complexities of hierarchies
and divisions. (All works in all tasks)
Virtual network grouping
structured as a group of departments that are
loosely connected through electronic means.
LEADERSHIP THEORIES AND MEANING
Refers to the process of social influence that Other important leadership
enables a person to encourage models/theory
Not primarily based on power and authority but is Participative leadership
a product of social interaction Emphasizes the role of leaders and other
Leadership theories define the characteristics and participants in decision-making. (Autocratic,
behavior of successful leaders Democratic, Laissez-faire leaders)
Situational leadership
Leadership theories Considers that leadership styles are
Great Man Theory specific to a particular situation
leaders are born and distinct to lead Contingency Theory
Trait Theory Analyze a particular situation and identify
Leaders possess certain positive traits the variables
that enable them to become leaders Leader-member relations
Behaviorist Theories (Theory X and Y) Task structure (how well the workers to
accomplish tasks)
Emphasize on the behavior of leaders
Position power
rather than their innate qualities.
LEADERSHIP THEORIES AND MEANING
Refers to the process of social influence that Other important leadership
enables a person to encourage models/theory
Not primarily based on power and authority but is Transactional theory
a product of social interaction Leaders should give equal treatment and
Leadership theories define the characteristics and due recognition to their members
behavior of successful leaders Transformational theory
Emphasizes the concept of change and
Leadership theories believes that leaders are tasked to
Great Man Theory provide direction
leaders are born and distinct to lead
Trait Theory
Leaders possess certain positive traits
that enable them to become leaders
Behaviorist Theories (Theory X and Y)
Emphasize on the behavior of leaders
rather than their innate qualities.
MARKETING CONTROLS Strategic control
•This refers to the process implemented to
Marketing controls include:
control the formulation and execution of
1.strategic control
strategic plans.
2.annual plan control
3.customer tracking Annual plan control
4.profit control •Uses annual marketing targets as performance
5.efficiency control standards to determine whether the planned
results or outcomes were achieved.
Customer tracking
•These are methods that determine customer
behavior and their reactions to marketing
activities. (complaints, customer service) Efficiency control
•This keeps track of the efficiency of marketing
Profit control
expenditures such as Salesforce, advertising, sales
•This determines the probability of company
promotion, and distribution.
activities and identifies where the company is
Efficiency control analyzes each of these elements to
making or losing money. ensure that they are being utilizede, advertising, sales
•Profitability is analyzed by product, segment, territory, promotion, and distribution.
customer, order size, and other channels.
FINANCIAL CONTROLS
Financial controls involve the use of various tools and
methods such as financial ratios that analyze the
financial performance of the company.

The Balance Sheet Income statement

The balance sheet provides a summary of the The income statement reports profit earned or losses
company’s financial position over a period of time. incurred by the company over a given period.
The balance sheet indicates financial information as
Ex.
of a certain period or date.
Major parts of the balance sheet
Assets - are things or resources that the company owns
Liabilities – are the obligations of the company to
creditors for past transactions such as the acquisition of
raw materials and other debts
Owner’s equity – shows the amount of capital the
owners of the business have
Done!