2024

Student number:224098977
Student name: IMMANUEL ANGALA
11/4/2024
MIDWIFERY(N3513MM) ASSIGNMENT ONE
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MIDWIFERY ASSIGNMENT ONE

QUESTION ONE

1.1 Gravida 4, para 4

1.2 Method one
 26 of January 2024
 Add 7 days to get: 02-02-2024
 Add 9 months to get: 02-11-2024
Method two
 26 of January 2024
 Add 7 days to get: 02-02-2024
 Minus 3 months to get: 02-11-2023
 Add 12 months to get: 02-11-2024
1.3 Ms Hafeni is experiencing domestic violence.
1.4 A) Response to domestic violence
Firstly, I am going to provide her with a safe and supportive room in the clinic where she
is going to disclose her domestic violence experiences. I will attempt to ask her indirect
questions in order to make her elaborate about their relationship with her husband.
Secondly I am going to provide the treatment as follows:
 I am going to apply an ice park on the areas with bruises for 20-30 minutes in order
to reduce swelling by constricting the underlying blood vessels in response to the
cold.
 Acetaminophen(Tylenol) will be given to Ms Hafeni in order to reduce pain. I will
encourage Ms Hafeni to buy Arnica Montana in any pharmacy shop in order for her
to apply twice a day which will help her by reducing swelling and discoloration
caused by bruises. The Arnica Montana is often in a form of cream.
 When it comes to treating scratches, first I am going to treat the area with scratches
using water and spray it with Elastoplast wound spray in order for it to be aseptic.
Secondly, I will allow the skin to dry and cover the scratch with a plaster. Lastly, I will
give Ms Hafeni the Elastoplast wound healing ointment and instruct her on how to
apply it twice per day. The Elastoplast wound healing ointment will promote fast
healing.
After the treatment, I will collaborate with the social workers and law enforcement in order
to hinder domestic violence against Ms Hafeni. The social workers’ contacts will be given to
Ms Hafeni in case the issue continues there will be an immediate response.
QUESTION TWO
2.1 a) Family planning service
The provision of contraceptives such as condoms and intrauterine devices reduces
poverty by allowing a man and a woman to have fewer children.
(b) Postnatal care (PNC)
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 Postnatal care helps to address physical and emotional changes following childbirth,
assess maternal health and manage any complication related to postpartum.
(c) Antenatal care (ANC)
 It involves regular check-ups of pregnancy, monitoring of maternal and foetal health
thus preventing the foetus from getting diseases.
(d) Sexual health education
 Education on sexual and reproductive health concepts including contraceptive
methods helps to prevent the transmission of sexual transmitted diseases among
Namibians.
(e) STIs/HIV testing and treatment
 Confidential testing for STIs and HIV counselling helps to mitigate future diseases
that a woman may

2.2
A) Gender Inequality: Traditional gender roles in Namibian society often place women in
subordinate positions, limiting their decision-making power regarding their own
reproductive health. This will result in challenges with in accessing reproductive health
services, such as family planning and maternal healthcare.

Example: Women may face resistance from their partners or families when seeking
contraceptives or reproductive health services, leading to unintended pregnancies or unsafe
abortions.

B) Cultural Beliefs and Practices: Namibia is country with a lot of cultural groups, each with
its own beliefs and practices related to reproduction. Some cultural norms may stigmatize
discussions around reproductive health, leading to misinformation and barriers to seeking
care.

Example: Some communities may believe in harmful traditional practices, such as female
genital mutilation or early marriage, which can have abysmal effects on women's
reproductive health.

C) Limited Education and Awareness: Low levels of education and awareness about
reproductive health issues can prevent women's ability to make informed decisions about
their own health. This can contribute to high rates of teenage pregnancies and maternal
mortality.
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Example: Lack of comprehensive sex education in schools may result in young women
lacking knowledge about contraception and sexually transmitted infections, leading to
increased risks of unintended pregnancies and HIV transmission.

4. Access to Healthcare Services: Geographical barriers, limited resources, and inadequate

healthcare infrastructure in rural areas can impede women's access to essential
reproductive health services, such as prenatal care and skilled birth attendance.

Example: Women living in remote areas may have to travel long distances to reach
healthcare facilities, resulting in delayed or inadequate care during pregnancy and
childbirth.

5. Stigma Surrounding Sexual Health: Stigmatization of discussions around sexual health and
reproductive issues can prevent women in Namibia from seeking necessary care and
support. This can lead to delays in diagnosis and treatment of sexually transmitted
infections, as well as barriers to accessing contraception and reproductive healthcare
services.

Example: Women may feel embarrassed to seek testing and treatment for sexually
transmitted infections due to fear of judgment or discrimination from healthcare providers
or within their communities.

6. Lack of Decision-Making Autonomy: In some traditional and patriarchal societies in

Namibia, women may have limited autonomy in making decisions about their reproductive
health. This can result in challenges in accessing family planning services, choosing the
timing and spacing of pregnancies, and making informed choices about childbirth options.

Example: Women may face pressure from their families or partners to have children at a
young age or to have more children than they desire, impacting their ability to control their
reproductive choices and overall health outcomes.

REFERENCES
Sonti, B. S. I., James, S., & Jikijela, T. P. (2018). Caesarean section deliveries: experiences of
mothers of midwifery care at a public hospital in Nelson Mandela Bay. Curationis, 41(1), 1–
9. https://doi.org/10.4102/curationis.v41i1.1804
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Fraser, D.M; Cooper and Nolte. 2006.Myles textbook for midwives. Elsevier ltd
Adewoyin, Y., & Odimegwu, C. O. (2022). Gender relations and the utilization of
contraceptives and antenatal care services in Kenya, Namibia and Nigeria. African Journal of
Reproductive Health, 26(11), 141–153. https://doi.org/10.29063/ajrh2022/v26i11.13

Sellers, P.M. (2018). Midwifery. A Textbook and Reference Book for Midwifes in South
Africa. Kenwyn: Juta and Company

Abe, M., Turale, S., Klunklin, A., & Supamanee, T. (2014). Community health nurses’ HIV
health promotion and education programmes: a qualitative study. International Nursing
Review, 61(4), 515–524. https://doi.org/10.1111/inr.12140