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Al Shahab
Al Shahab
Al Shahab
(Shahab)
ALSHAHAB ENGLISH
LANGUAGE CENTER
Grammar for senior and level one student
STUDENT NAME………………………………………………………………
TEACHER NAME………………………………………………………………
[Email address]
1
Definition of grammar
1) those rules and regulations which gives a real
Shape to a language are called grammar.
Part of sentences
1) Subject
2) H verb
3) Verb
4) Object
Subject: subject is a doer in a sentence.
2
Object: object is receiver of a work in a
sentence.
Tense
Definition of tense
Tense is the form of verb which shows when an Action
happened.
دزمانی تعریف
زمانه دفعل یوه بڼه ده کوم چی دیوکار دپیښید
.وخت ښیی
Part of tense
Tense has three part
Present tense
Past tense
Future tense
درمانی اقسام
زمانه دری برخی لری
حاضره زمانه:۱
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راتلونکی زمانه:۳ تیره زمانه:۲
And each tense has four type
Simple
Progressive
Perfect
Perfect progressive
4
Note:
Now we come to know the person that who is the first person
Who is second person and who is the third person?
نوټ
او، دوهم شخص، اوس موږراځوچی شخص وپیژین چی کوم یو اول شخص
.کوم یو دریم شخص دی
First person second person third person
Note:
A sentence is made from three parts like: (subject, verb, and
object)
نوټ
، کار،یوه جمله ددرو برخو درلودونکی ده چی عبارت دی له (کارکونکی
.اوهغه ته چی کار پری اجراکیږی
: کارکونکی موږ دوه قسمه لرو لکه-: Subject
Singular subject (she, he, it, name)
Plural subjects (we, you, they, names)
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Simple Simple
Present
Progressive Progressive
Perfect
Past Perfect
Perfect Perfect
progressive Future progressive
Perfect
Simple Progressive Perfect
progressive
Definition:
This tense is use for daily routine.
This tense is use for present habits.
-:تــــــعریف
6
. دازمانه دحاضرروزمره کار لپاره استعمالیږی:۱
. دازمانه دحاضر عادتی کار لپاره استعمالیږی:۲
There are two helping verbs in this tense like (do and does)
Do is use for plural subjects like (I, we, they, you, names)
Does is use for singular subjects like (he, she, it, name)
If a positive sentence has singular subject then we use (es or
s) with the verb of positive sentence.
If a verb finished by these letter like (Ch, sh, s, ss, o, x, and z)
Then we use (es) at the end of the verb of positive sentence
but if a verb finished by another letter then we use (S)at the
end of the verb.
if the subject of positive sentence is plural then we use first
form of the verb
And we do not use helping verbs in positive sentence we start
helping verb from negative sentence.
Definition:
This tense is use for an action which is under the operation at
the moment of speaking continuously.
This tense is use for an action which is going on just now.
تعریف-:
:۱دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی فعال تر عملیات
الندی وی.
:۲دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی فعال روان وی.
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There are three helping verbs in this tense like (is, are, and am).
1s:- we use for singular subjects.
Are: - we use for plural subjects.
Am: - we use only for (I).
And we use gerund (ing) form of the verb.
This tense is use for an action which has completed just now.
This tens is use for an action which is finished in the near past .
-:تعریف
دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی چی اوس دستی مکمل شوی:۱
.وی
دارمانه ده هغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی چی په نږدی تیر وخت کی:۲
.مکمل سوی وی
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There are two helping verbs in this tense like (have and has)
Have is use for plural subject.
Has is use for singular subject.
And we use third form of the verb in this tense.
Definition:-
This tense use for the duration of an action which start in the
past and progressive still now.
-:تعریف
دازمانه دهغه کار دجریان لپاره استعمالیږی چی په تیره زمانه کی پیل:۱
.سوی اوتر اوسه دوام ولری
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There are two helping verbs in this tense like (have been and
has been).
Have been is use for plural subjects.
Has been is use for singular subjects.
And we use (Since/for) in this tense.
Since is use for exact time of an action.
For is use for inexact time of an action.
And we use gerund (ing) of the verb.
Definition:-
This tense is use for past daily routine.
This tense is use to talk about completed action that finished
and happened in the past.
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تعریف-:
دازمانه دتیر روزمره کار لپاره استعمالیږی.
دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استمالیږی چی په تیر وخت کی واقع سوی
اوپای ته رسیدلی وی.
There is one helping verb in this tense like (did) this verb is
use for both the subjects.
If that is plural subjects or singular subjects.
We do not use helping verb in positive sentence we use
second form of the verb in positive sentence.
We start helping verb from negative sentence when we start
helping verb then we use first form of the verb.
This tense use for an action which was under the operation at
the moment of speaking in the past.
-:تعریف
دازمانه دهغه کار دجریا لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی تیر وخت په
.جاری حالت کی وو
دازمانه دهغه کار لپ ره استعمالیږی کوم چی یو کار په تیر وخت
.کی په جاری ډول سره تر جریان او عملیات الندی وی
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) (wereموږدجمعه فالو لپاره استعمالوو
) (Wasموږدمفردو فاعلو لپاره استعمالوو.
اوپه دغه زمانه کی دورب سره ) (Ingحالت استعمالوو.
Definition:-
This tense is use for an action which was completed before
another action in the past.
This tense is use for double action in the past.
تعریف-:
دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی په تیر وخت کی دیوبل کار څخه
دمخه سر ته رسیدلی وی.
دازمانه دتیرو دوو کارو لپاره استعمالیږی.
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Had is use for all the subjects if they are plural or singular
subjects.
We use (when / before) in his tense.
This tense is made from two tenses like (past perfect and past
simple tense)
Past perfect + when / before + past simple tense positive
formula.
And we use third form of the verb.
Definition:-
This tense is use for an action which was started in the past
and some time was under the operation and then finished in
the past.
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تعریف-:
دازمانه دهغه کارلپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی یو کار په تیر وخت کی شروع
سوی وی اوتر یوخت پوری تر جریان الندی وی او بیرته په تیر وخت کی
پای ته رسیدلی وی.
There is one helping verb in this tense like (had been).
This helping verb is use for all the subject if they are plural or
singular.
And we use (since and for) in this tense.
Since is use for exact time and for is use for inexact time.
And we use gerund(ing) form of the verb.
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Definition:-
This tense is use for future daily routine.
This tense is use for future habits.
-:تعریف
.دازمانه دراتلونکی روزمره کارلپاره استعملیږی
.دازمانه دراتلونکی عادتی کار لپاره استعمالیږی
There are two helping verbs in this tense like (will and
shall)
Will is use for all the subject.
And shall is use only for (I) and (we).
And we use first form of the verb in this tense.
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Definition:-
This tense is use to show the duration of an action that would
be in progress in the future.
This tense is use for an action which will be under the
operation in the future.
-:تعریف
دازمانه دهغه کار دجریان لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی به په راتلونکی کی تر
.جریان باندی وی
دازمانه دهغه کارلپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی یو کار په راتلونکی کی تر
.عملیات الندی وی
There are two helping verbs in this tens like (will be and shall
be).
Will be is use for all the subjects.
And shall is use only for (I) and (we).
And we use gerund form of the verb in this tense.
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په دی زمانه می دوه کومکی فعلونه دی لکه(Will be/shall be):
) (Will beموږ دټولو فاعلو لباره استعمالوو.
) (shall beیوازی د) (Iاود) (Weلپاره استعمالیږی.
اوپه دی زمانه کی موږ دورب سره دریم حالت استعمالوو.
Definition:-
This tense is use for an action which will have been
completed before another actin I the future.
تعریف:ـ
دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی په راتلونکی کی یو کار دبل
کارڅخه دمخه سرته ورسیږی.
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There are two helping verbs in this tense like (will have and
shall have).
Will have is use for all the subject.
And shall have is use only for (I) and (we).
And this tense is made of two tenses like (future perfect and
present simple).
We join these tenses by (when and before).
And we use third form of the verb in this tense.
Definition:-
This tense is use for an action which will be started from any
point of time in the future and will be under the operation for a
long time in the future.
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-:تعریف
دازمانه دهغه کار لپاره استعمالیږی کوم چی یو کار په اینده وخت کی شروع
.شی او تر یو اوږدی موږب پاری تر جریان الندی وی
(Will have been / shall have been) په دی زمانه کی دوه کومکی فعلونه دی لکه
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) (shall have beenموږ یوازی د ) (Iاو د ) (Weلپاره استعمالوو.
اوموږ په دغه زمانه کی ) (Since / forاستعمالوو.
) (Sinceدیو کار دمعلوم وخت لپاره استعمالیږی.
او) (Forدیوکار دنامعلوم وخت لپاره استعمالیږی.
او په دی زمانه کی موږ دورب سره ) (Ingخالت استعمالوو.
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