BHOLANANDA NATIONAL ACADEMY

Class – V
Chapter 1- More About Plants
Exercise:
Long Answer Questions.
1. Define Seed Dispersal. Describe the different ways of seed dispersal.

Ans: - seed dispersal is carrying away of fruits and seeds to distant places form the parent plant
ensuring that new plants can grow in adult plants.

The different ways of seed dispersal are as follows:

1. Wind Dispersal: Some seeds have wings or hairs. When the wind blows, these seeds fly away from
the parent plant and land in new places. For example: Cotton and Dandelion.

2. Animal Dispersal: Animals like birds and mammals eat fruits containing seeds. Later, they poop out
the seeds in different locations, helping them grow in new places. For examples seeds of apple,
Jamun and many more are dispersed in this way.

3. Water Dispersal: Seeds can also travel in water. They float downstream in rivers or get carried by
ocean currents to new areas where they can grow. Seeds of Coconut and Lotus are dispersed in this
way.

4. Explosive Dispersal: Certain plants have seed pods that burst open when they are ripe, flinging the
seeds away from the parent plant. Poppy seeds and pea pods are examples of this.

2. What is agriculture? Explain its different stages.

Ans: - The practice of growing plants on a large scale for food or other purposes is called agriculture.

1. Ploughing: Ploughing is preparing the soil for planting. Farmers use a plough to turn over the
soil. This helps loosen the soil and remove any weeds or old crop remains.

2. Enrichment of Soil: After ploughing, farmers add things like super phosphate, ammonium sulphate
to the soil to make it better for plants to grow.

3. Sowing: Sowing is planting seeds in the soil. Farmers carefully place seeds or seedlings into the
ground, making sure they are spaced out evenly.

4. Irrigation: In agriculture, farmers use methods like watering cans, hoses, or even big sprinkler
systems to give the plants the water they need. This process is called irrigation.

5. Use of Chemicals: Sometimes, farmers need to use chemicals to protect their crops from pests,
diseases, or weeds that could harm them. These chemicals are called pesticides or fungicides.

6. Harvesting: When the crops are fully grown, it's time to harvest them. This means picking fruits,
vegetables, or grains from the plants.

3. Give reasons:

a. Tea cannot be planted in plains.

b. Soil is ploughed before sowing seeds.

Ans: - a. Plains often have the problem of waterlogging, where water gets stuck on the
surface because the land is flat. Tea plants can tolerate high humidity but need soil that
drains well. Thus, plains with waterlogging problem leads to low yield.

b. Ploughing helps to loosen the soil. By ploughing, farmers break up the soil, making it
softer and easier for seeds to grow roots and for young plants to push through the soil.
Ploughing allows farmers to mix in organic matter like compost or manure into the soil
making it more fertile. Ploughing can also help to improve drainage in the soil.

4. Explain the process of germination in detail.

Ans: - The different stage of germination are as follows:

1. Planting the Seed: The process of germination starts when a seed is planted in soil. The
seed contains everything the plant needs to start growing, including a tiny baby plant called
an embryo, stored food, and a protective seed coat.

2. Absorption of Water: When the seed is planted in the soil, it absorbs water through tiny
openings in its seed coat.

3. Root Growth: The first part to emerge from the seed is usually the root. The root grows
downward into the soil, anchoring the plant and absorbing water and nutrients from the soil.

4. Shoot Growth: As the root grows downward, a tiny stem, or shoot, begins to grow upward
towards the surface of the soil.

5. Emergence of Seedling: Finally, the shoot breaks through the soil surface and the seed
have successfully germinated.

5. Explain how plants grow from parts other than the seeds. Give examples.

Ans: -

1. Stems: Some plants can grow new plants from their stems. For example, plants like mint
and strawberry have stems called runners. These runners spread out along the ground and
can produce new roots and shoots, which grow into new plants.

2. Leaves: Certain plants, like Begonia and Bryophyllum grow buds along their edges. These
buds grow into new plants when they fall on the ground and get sufficient sunlight, air and
water.

3. Roots: Plants like sweet potato, carrot and the dahlia, can grow new plants from their
roots.

4. Spores: Some plants like mushrooms and ferns grow from spores which are located on
their leaves.