Early dimmers were directly controlled through the manual manipulation of large dimmer panels. This required all power to come through the lighting control location, which could be inconvenient, inefficient and potentially dangerous for large or high-powered systems, such as those used for stage lighting. In 1896, Granville Woods patented his "Safety Dimmer", which greatly reduced wasted energy by reducing the amount of energy generated to match desired demand rather than burning off unwanted energy.[1] In 1959, Joel S. Spira, who would found the Lutron Electronics Company in 1961, invented a dimmer based on a diode and a tapped autotransformer, saving energy and allowing the dimmer to be installed in a standard electrical wallbox.[2][3]
The rated current of an adaptor shall be one of the following:
6.2 13A for an adaptor plug PASS 1A for a shaver plug 7 Marking and Labeling PASS
Adaptor shall be legibly and durably marked with the
N/A following : a) either the name, trade mark or identification mark N/A
b) the number of this Malaysian Standard PASS
c) on rewire able adaptor PASS
d) For fused adaptor PASS
e) adaptors other than shaver adaptor shall be marked as
PASS e.g MAX 13A
f) All adaptors shall be marked with : PASS
1) rated volts PASS
2) nature of supply Urur PASS
Adaptor shall be so designed that when they are mounted and
9.2 PASS wired as in normal use live parts are not accessible. The user shall be protected against accidental contact with the 9.3 live parts during insertion or withdrawal of the plug portion of N/A adaptor. 12.18 Sleeving for live and neutral FAIL
Sequence 9 PASS
22.1.2 Resistance to heat PASS
9.2.1 Gauging check PASS
15.1.3 High voltage check PASS
15.1.3 Electric strength (2000V a.c) PASS
1) L & N terminal PASS
2) L + N terminal & external surface( metal foil ) PASS
3) L + N & Earthing terminal PASS
Reviewed by Tested by
Reference name TCQS/WS-CE/BS1363 PT 3 Issue No. 1 Issued date 1 OCT 2017
1 hour at temperature: N/C a) Part necessary to retain live part in position - 75 ± 5°C
23.2 Glow-wire test
N/C Test temperature: a) Part necessary to live parts in position: 750 ± 10 oC N/C b) Parts not necessary to retain live parts in position: 650 ± 10oC N/C
Reviewed by Tested by
Reference name TCQS/WS-CE/BS1363 PT 3 Issue No. 1 Issued date 1 OCT 2017
Early dimmers were directly controlled through the manual manipulation of large dimmer panels. This required all power to come through the lighting control location, which could be inconvenient, inefficient and potentially dangerous for large or high-powered systems, such as those used for stage lighting. In 1896, Granville Woods patented his "Safety Dimmer", which greatly reduced wasted energy by reducing the amount of energy generated to match desired demand rather than burning off unwanted energy.[1] In 1959, Joel S. Spira, who would found the Lutron Electronics Company in 1961, invented a dimmer based on a diode and a tapped autotransformer, saving energy and allowing the dimmer to be installed in a standard electrical wallbox.[2][3]