Difference Between LAN, MAN and WAN

LAN MAN WAN

Stands for Local Area Network. Stands for Metropolitan Area Stands for Wide Area Network.
Network.

LAN’s design and maintenance is MAN’s design and maintenance is WAN’s design and maintenance is
easy. difficult than LAN. also difficult than LAN as well MAN.

The transmission speed of LAN is The transmission speed of MAN is The transmission speed of WAN is
high. average. low.

Used in College, Office, Hospital, Used in Small Towns, City. Used in States or Country.
Building.

Covers an area within 100 m to 1, Covers an area within 5 km to 50 km. Covers an area within 100,000 km.
000 m.

It is less costly. It is high costly. It is higher costly.

 Difference between Peer-to-Peer and Client server Architecture

Sr.No PARAMETERS PEER-TO-PEER CLIENT-SERVER

ARCHITECTURE ARCHITECTURE

Clients and server are not distinguished; each There is a specific server and specific clients
1 Basic
node act as client and server. connected to the server.

Each node can request for services and can The client request for service and server respond
2 Service
also provide the services. with the service.

3 Focus Connectivity Sharing the information.

4 Data Each peer has its own data. The data is stored in a centralized server.

As the services are provided by several

When several clients request for the services
5 Server servers distributed in the peer-to-peer
simultaneously a server can get bottlenecked.
system, a server in not bottlenecked.

6 Expense Peer-to-peer are less expensive to implement. The client – server are expensive to implement
Difference between Analog and Digital Signal

Analog Signal Digital Signal

An analog signal is a continuous A digital signal is a discrete wave that

wave that changes over a time carries information in binary form.
period.
An analog signal is represented by a A digital signal is represented by square
sine wave. waves

Analog signal has no fixed range. Digital signal has finite numbers i.e. 0
and 1.

An analog signal is described by the A digital signal is described by bit rate

amplitude, period or frequency, and and bit intervals
phase.
An analog signal is more prone to A digital signal is less prone to distortion.
distortion.

An analog signal transmits data in A digital signal carries data in the binary
the form of a wave. form i.e. 0 and 1.
Difference between TDM and FDM

Sr.No KEY TDM FDM

TDM stands for Time Division FDM stands for Frequency Division
1) Definition Multiplexing. Multiplexing.

TDM works well with analog as well as

2) Signal digital signals. FDM works only with analog signal.

3) Conflict TDM has low conflict. FDM has high conflict.

4) Wiring Wiring or chip of TDM is simple. Wiring or chip of FDM is complex.

5) Efficiency TDM is efficient. FDM is quiet inefficient.

6) Sharing Time is shared in TDM. Frequency is shared in FDM.

Synchronization pulse is mandatory. Synchronization pulse is not mandatory.

7) Required Input
Difference between Synchronous and Asynchronous TDM
Synchronous TDM Asynchronous TDM

1) It is a technique in which time slots are fixed and 1) It is a technique in which time slots are neither fixed
pre-defined to every device. nor pre-defined to every device.

2) In this, multiplexer allocates same time slots to each

device without considering fact that device contains 2) In this, multiplexer does not allocates same time
data or not. slots to each device without considering fact that
device contains data or not.

3) Number of slots per frame are equal to number of

input lines. 3) Number of slots per frame are less than number of
input lines.
4) There is no guarantee that full capacity link is used.
4) There is guarantee that full capacity link is used.

5) Total speed of input lines cannot be greater than

capacity of path. 5) Total speed of input lines can be greater than
capacity of path.
6) Usage of devices is less.
6) Usage of devices is more.
7) It is more costly.
7) It is less costly.
Difference between Circuit Switching and Packet Switching.

Circuit Switching Packet Switching

1) In-circuit switching has there are 3 phases: 1) In Packet switching directly data transfer takes place.
i) Connection Establishment.
ii) Data Transfer.
iii) Connection Released.

2) Circuit switching is more reliable. 2) Packet switching is less reliable.

3) It is not a store and forward technique. 3) It is a store and forward technique.

4) Transmission of the data is done by the source. 4) Transmission of the data is done not only by the source but
also by the intermediate routers

5) Recording of packets is never possible in circuit 5) Recording of packets is possible in packet switching.
switching.
6) Circuit switching requires simple protocols for 6) Packet switching requires complex protocols for delivery
delivery.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Guided and Unguided transmission media :-
Advantages of Guided transmission media :-
1) The data can be transmitted at high speed.
2) The guided media is also called wired communication or bounded transmission media.
3) The signal energy propagates through wires in guided media.
4) Guided media is used for point-to-point communication.
5) It is cost-effective.
6) Discrete network topologies are formed by the guided media.
7) Signals are in the form of voltage, current, or photons in the guided media.
8) By adding more wires, the transmission capacity can be increased in guided media.
9) It sends out a signal that indicates which way to go.
10) For a shorter distance, this is the best option.

Disadvantages of Guided transmission media :-

1) If any fault occurs in the cable it causes the failure in the entire network.
2) It is unable to pass through walls.
3) Wireless and flexible, allowing mobility.
4) They are unidirectional, which means they will need another fiber for bidirectional communication.
5) Difficult to setup as wiring is required for all nodes and not suitable for portable devices.
Advantages of Unguided transmission media :-
1) The unguided media is also called wireless communication or unbounded transmission media.
2) The signal energy propagates through the air in unguided media.
3) Unguided media is generally suited for radio broadcasting in all directions.
4) Continuous network topologies are formed by the unguided media.
5) Signals are in the form of electromagnetic waves in unguided media.
6) For longer distances, this method is used.
7) It can pass through obstacles.
8) It is free as it doesn’t require any installation of cable.
9) Versatile for various wireless devices.
10) Wireless and flexible, allowing mobility.

Disadvantages of Unguided transmission media :-

1) It is not possible to obtain additional capacity in unguided media.
2) It is expensive.
3) It does not indicate which way to travel.
4) Bandwidth is limited and the designing and development requires more time and high cost.
5) It is harm to weather the condition.