THE TE STAME NT S

T HE TW E LV E P ATRIARCHS
 B Y THE SA AI E A UTH O R

T H E A P O C A LY PSE O F BA R U C H Tr a ns l a e d t f ro m

c t
.

t h e Syriac Cr ow n 8 vo , l o h , p rice 7 8 6d . . n et .

t
.

Po s tr e e , p ric e 7 8 1 0 d . .

T H E A SSU M PT I O N O F M O SE S Tra ns l a e d r o m t f
ti S i x t t xt
.

t h e La n h Ce n ur y MS , t h e u ne m e n de d Te of
p i t t t it xt
.

w hich is ubl s h e d h e re wi h , o ge h e r w h t h e Te

t c itic
in it s r e s ore d a n d r f
a ll y e m e n d e d or m E di e d t
it t cti Nt ic
.

w h I n r od u on , o e s , a n d I n d es Cro wn 8 vo ,
c t p ic t f p ic
.

lo h , r e 7 8 6d Po s re e , r e 7 5 l o d
. . . .

TH E A SCE N S I O N O F I SA I A H T xt T e s, r an sl a ti on s,

d C mm t y cl th p ic
.

an o C w 8en a r ro n y o, o r e
75 . 6d .

P t f p ic 7 0d
.
,

ne t . os re e , r e 5 . 1 .

A C RI TI CA L HI ST O R Y O F T H E DO CT R I N E O F
A F U TU R E LI F E I N IS R A E L , I N U D A I SM , J
A ND I N C H R I S T I A NI TY ; or, He bre w , e w sh , J i
i ti
a n d Ch r s an E s h a o l o gy c t
r om p re Pro h e T me s f -
p tic i
ti
ll t h e Cl o se of t h e Ne w Te s a m e n Can on ( Th e t t
J tt ct
owe Le ure s for 1 8 98 De m y 8 v o , l o h , c t
p ic
r e [ 58 Po s r ee , r e 1 55 5d
. tf p ic . .

T H E BO O K O F J U B I L E E S Transl a e d f m th t ro e

it t i p ic xt it t t d cti
.

’
E d or s E h o Te E d ed , wi h I n ro u on ,

Nt ic c t p ic 5
.

o e s , an d I n d e s De m y 8 vo , l o h , r e [ 8
t f p ic
. .

net . Pos re e , r e 1 55 4 d . .
 THE TE STAME NTS

THE TW E LVE PATRIARCHS

TR AN SLATE D F RO M

THE E DIT O R S GRE E K TE XT

’

A ND E DI TE D, W IT H I NTRO DU CTI O N, N O TE S ,
AND I NDI CE S

R H CHARLE S D LITT D D
. .
,
. .
,
.

SPU X F RD
' 9

GR N D
I C UR R N H
FI E L LE T E O T E E T A G I NT, O O

FE LLO W O F THE BRITI SH A CA DE MY

L O N DO N
A D A M A ND CH A R LE S B L A CK

1 9 08
 P RE FACE

THE m a n y laborio u s years of st u dy of the Testam e n ts of

the Twel v e Patriarchs see at last their close in the p rese n t
"

v olum e . Th e labour i n v ol v ed h a s bee n v ery gre a t at ,

tim es i n deed O pp ressi v e but it has n ot been without its

,

o wn comp en satio n s ; for the toil h a s been fre quen tly

lighten ed by the joys of discov ery a n d the task of research
,

h a s bee n o ft e n on e of sh ee r d e light Th e p leasures o f fo x

.

hun tin g a r e n ot to be com p are d with those of the stude n t

in full q u e st of som e truth so m e n e w fact showin g itself
,

for the first ti m e withi n his i n tell e ct u a l horizo n Bu t to

.

return Ma n y of the p roblem s arisi n g fro m our te x t had

.

h itherto be e n wholly u n atte mp t e d or e lse had bee n wro n gly

,

sol ved in the p ast —in large p art owin g in earlier yea rs to
the lack of docum en tary authorities a n d in later years to ,

the large dem an d on the scholar s time that the m astery of

’

these wo u ld hav e e n taile d Short bu t v al u abl e con t ribu

.

tion s a n d suggestion s hav e r e ce n tly been m ade by Sch n a pp ,

Con ybe a re Kohler Gaster a n d Ro u ss e t a n d n ot a few of

, , , ,

the co n cl u sio n s arri v e d at by th e se scholars hav e been con

firm ed by m y own i n v estigation s .

Th e m a i n q uestio n s as regards the date origi n al ,

lan guage a n d obj ect of t h e a u thor a re I a m co n v i n ced

, , , ,

n ow p ractically settled beyo n d the ra n ge o f dis p u t e O th e r

.

question s arise in the te x t th a t call for fu rth e r st u dy a n d

res e arch For the p rosecutio n o f th e se t h e stude n t is fully
.
viii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
p ro v ided with all t h e docu m e n tary m ate rials so far as the ,

Testa m en ts the m sel ves are co n cer n ed in the p r e s e n t v ol um e ,

and in m y Te x t which is p u blished by t h e O x fo rd

,

U n i ve rsity Press F or thes e two v olum es all accessible

.

authorities in Gr e ek A rm en ian Hebrew A ram aic a n d , , , ,

Sla v on ic ha v e b ee n u s e d a n d of these a fu ll accou n t is ,

gi v e n in the I n troductio n s to these two books .

Th e Testam e n ts of the Twel v e Patriarchs has si n ce its re ,

disco v ery by Bisho p Gross e test e in the thirtee n th cen tu ry till

the last decade bee n a se a led book m isu n d e rstood a n d mis
, ,

date d on e v ery han d Th e re search of the last fe w years has

.
,

howe v er as I hav e j u st i n dicat e d s u cce e ded in disco v erin g

, ,

its tru e date p u rp os e a n d character I t n ow com es forward

, , .

as a book secon d in i m p ortan c e to n o n e co mp osed betwee n

2 00 B C a n d the Christian era
. . I t was writte n in Hebrew .

in the last quarter of t h e seco n d cen tury B C by a Chasid on . .

b e half of the high priesthood o f t h e gr e at Maccabean family

-
,

a n d e s p e cially on behalf o f the Me ssian ic clai m s of J oh n

Hyrca n u s who accordin g to J ose p h u s was the o n ly I sraelite
, , ,

who e njoyed the triple offices o f pro p het p riest a n d kin g , ,

.

Bu t its claim s to historical i m p ort a n c e how e v e r gre at are , ,

o ve rshadowed by its stil l gre ater claim s as b e in g the sol e

re p resen tativ e of the lo ftiest e thical stan dard e v e r a ttain ed
by p re Christian J u daism a n d as s u ch atte stin g t h e ex iste n ce
-

, ,

of a ty p e of r e ligio u s tho ught in p re Christian J u dais m that -

wa s the n atural p r e p aratio n for the e thics of t h e Ne w

Te stam en t a n d es p ecially of t h e Se r m o n on t h e Mo u n t
,
.

Not o n ly so but this book i n fluen ced directly t he Se rm on

,

o n the Mou n t in a fe w of its m ost striki n g tho u ghts a n d

p hras e s a n d the Pau li n e E p istl e s in a gre at va rie ty of

,

p assages .

Th e reader who wi sh e s to get a sum m a ry acco u n t of the

Testam e n ts a n d their i n fl u e n c e o n t h e Ne w Te sta m e n t
, ,

sho u ld read 1 2 6 2 7 o f t h e I n tr o d u ctio n that follows

, ,
.
 P RE FA CE ix

So m e of the Se ctio n s in this I n troductio n will o f n ec es

s it y a pp e ar in the I n trod u ctio n to m y Te x t which will ,

be p u blished i mm ediately by the U n iv ersity Press .

A s t h e p rese n t v olum e co n stit u tes t h e first com m e n tary

on the Te stam en ts the editor has had o ft e n to p u rs ue
,

u n trav ell ed ways a n d as he has p ush ed his disco v eri e s n ow

,

in this dir ection n ow in that he is con scious that he

, ,

can n ot wh e n so doin g ha v e esca p ed fallin g in to e rrors of

p e rce p tio n j u dgme n t or scholarship
, ,
F or such h e ca n
.

with co n fiden ce throw him self o n the in du lgen ce of his

‘

fe llow r e se archers who k n ow the difficu lties of the p ion e er

,

a n d the e as e with which he falls a v icti m e v e n to ob v io u s

errors I ha ve how e v er do n e my b e st to av oid such e rrors

.
, ,
.

I n this I sho u ld n o do u bt ha v e been m ore success ful if m y ,

sheets had bee n re v ised by other e yes But I n at u ra lly .

shran k from im p osin g t h e o v erwhelm in g labo u r of r e v isin g

m y Te x t o n a n y o f m y frie n ds a n d e v e n of r e adi n g m y
,

Tra n slatio n s a n d Not e s For all correctio n s I shall be v ery

.

gra tefu l .

I ca n n ot co n clude without tha n ki n g the Publishers for

th e ir m agn an im ity in u n dertaki n g yet an other of these
e xp en siv e works I hop e that th e ir v irtu e in this res p ect
.

m a y ha v e so m ethi n g outside of a n d b e yo n d its o w n reward .

R H . . CH A RLE S .

Oct 2 , 1 9 07,
.

2 4 BA RDW E LL RO A D, O X FO RD .
 CO N TE N T S
S E CTI O N P AGE

1 . THE BO O K A ND I TS U
FO RT N E S

THE G RE E K MSS x v iii

THE A RME N IA N MSS x x ii

TH E A RME N I A N V E RSI O N FO U ND I N TW O RE CE N SI O N S ;
TH E I R MUTU A L RE LATI O N S A ND ,
AFFI N I TI E S W I TH
THE G RE E K MSS VA LU E O F THE V E RSI O N xxv

E DI TI O N O F THE A RME N I A N TE XT x x v iii

TRA N SLA TI O N S O F THE A RME N I A N VE RS O N

I

THE SLA VO N I C V E RSI O N xx x

THE Two SLA V O N I C RE CE N SI O N S

THE G RE E K V E RSI O N FO UND I N TW O FO RMS, a A ND ,8

TH E I R RELATI O N S A ND T HE CH A RA CTE RI STI CS O F TH E I R

RE P RE SE N TA TI V ES x x x ii

10 . E DI TI O N S O F T HE G RE E K V E RSI O N xx x vi

11 . MO DE RN TRA N SLATI O N S O F THE G RE E K V E RSIO N x x x v ii

12 . CRI TI CA L I N Q U I RI E S . x x x v iii

l3 . THE G RE E K V E R SIO N A TRA NSLA TIO N FRO M T HE

H E BRE W —H
14 . 0 A ND
. 8
,
V
DE RI E D RE SP E CTI V E LY FRO M TW O LO ST H E BRE W
RE CE N SI O N S, H
"L
A ND H3 . TA BLE OF A FFI N I TY OF

A LL THE TE XT U A L A U TH O RI TI E S
15 . DATE OF T HE O RI G I N A L HE BRE W

16 . TI TLE O F TH E BO O K
17 . I N TE G RI TY, A uTHO Rs HIP, SO U RCE S
 x ii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
S E CTIO N P AG E

18 . DA TE OF G RE E K V E RSI O N

19 . J E W I SH A DDI TI O N S To T HE TE XT
20 . CH RISTI A N A DDI TI O N S To T HE TE XT
21 . MI DRASH W A JJ I SSA U CO N TA I N I N G FR A G ME NTS OF THE

TE STA ME N T OF JU DA H
22 . LA TE H E BRE W T E STA ME N T OF N A P H TA LI

23 . A RA MA I C A ND G RE E K FR A G ME N TS CO N TAI NI N G PH RA SE S
A ND CLA U SE S FRO M AN O RI GI N A L SO U RCE O F THE
TE STA ME N T OF LE V I A ND T HE BO O K O F J U BILE E S v
l x iii

24 . I N FLU E NCE O F THE TE ST A ME N TS O N J E W I SH LI TE RATU R E lx i

x v

P ATRI STI C LITE RA TU RE lxxv

T HE NE W T E STA ME N T l x x viii

27 . JE W I SH T H E O LO G Y AT THE CLO SE OF T HE SE CO N D
CE N T U RY B C
. . A ND I T S I N FL U E NCE ON NE W TE STA ME N T
TH E O LO GY x c ii

T HE TE STAME N T OF RE UBE N
T H E TE STA ME N T OF SI ME O N

THE T E STA ME N T OF LE VI
C T HE TE STA ME N T OF JU DA H
THE TE STAME N T OF I SSA CH A R

T H E TE ST A ME N T OF ZE B U LU N
T HE TE STA ME N T OF DA N

T HE TE STAME N T 0F N A PH TA LI

THE TE STA ME N T OF GAD

T H E TE STA ME N T OF A SH E R

T H E TE STAME N T OF J O SE PH .

T HE TE STA ME N T OF BE NJA MI N
 CO N TE NT S x iii
A P P E N DI X I
P A GE

TRA N SLA TI O N OF A LA TE H E BRE W TE STA ME N T OF N A PH TA LI ,

W H I CH CO N TA I N S FRA GME N T S OF T HE O RI G I N A L
TE STA ME N T

A P P E N DI X 11

T R A N SLA TI O N OF A RA MA I C A ND G RE E K FR A G ME N TS OF AN

O RI G I N A L SO U RCE O F TH E TE STA ME N T OF LE V I A ND

T HE BO O K O F JU BI LE E S

I N DE X I

P A SSAG E S FRO M THE SCRI P T U RE S A ND O TH E R A N CI E N T BO O K S

DI RE CTLY CO N N E CTE D OR CLO SE LY P A R A LL E L W I TH THE

TE XT

I N DE X II

NA ME S A ND SU BJE CTS
 I NT R O DU CT I O N

THE BO O K AND I TS F O RTU N E S

THE Testa m e n ts of the Twel v e Patriarchs wer e writte n in
Hebrew in the later years of J oh n Hyrca n u S— in all p rob
ability after his fi n al v ictory o v er the Syria n p ow e r a n d
b e fore his breach with the Ph a ris e e s — in other words ,

betwe e n 1 09 a n d 1 06 Their a u thor was a Pharise e who

.

com bi n e d loyalty to t h e best tradition s o f his p arty with

t h e m ost u n bo u n ded ad miratio n of Hyrca n u s Th e Macca
.

bea n dyn asty had n ow reach e d the zen ith o f its p rospe rity ,

a n d in its r e ig n i n g re p r e se n tati v e who alo n e in t h e history

,

of J uda ism p ossessed the tri p l e o ffi ce s of pro p het p rie st , ,

a n d ki n g the Pharisaic p arty had co m e to recog n is e the

,

act u a l Me ssiah .

W o n o ver by t h e p urity o f life n obility of character

, ,

a n d p re e m i n e n t gifts o f the Maccabees as high p ri e sts

-
,

civ il ru l e rs a n d m ilitary comm an d e rs t h e Ch a sids or early

, , ,

Pharise e s h a d som e d e cade s earlier attach e d th e m s e l ve s to

,

this n e w high pri e sthood tho u gh with m an y a m isgi v i n g

-
,

o n a cco u n t of the br e ak in t h e high p riestly succ e ssio n

-
.

Th e a pp ro va l thus w on fro m t h e r e lu cta n t Ch a sids the ,

Macca b e es had dee p e n e d a n d stre n gth e n ed by their achie ve ?

m e n ts e ve ry year in e v ery p ro vi n ce of th e ir acti v ity till h e , .

tho u ght was begotten in m a n y a bre a st that at last t h e,

xvi T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
hop e of I srael had co m e a n d in d e fia n ce of all an cie n t , ,

p ro p hecy, was Sprun g from the ho u s e a n d l ih e a ge of Levi .

1

There are good grou n ds for r e gardi n g Psal m c x as .

the outco m e of such a n e xp e ctatio n a n d as greeti n g on e of ,

the Maccabees as the lo n g e xp ected deliv erer of I sra el 2 -

.

Bu t howe v e r this m a y be there is n o doubt that o u r author

, ,

addr e sses two or m ore Me ssian ic hym n s to J oh n Hyrca n u s ,

I n who m had cul m i n at e d a ll the glories a n d gifts of this

gr e a t fam ily Th e writer already s e es the Me ssia n ic kin g

.

d o m established u n der the sway of which the G e n tiles will ,

in du e course be s a v ed Be l ia r o v erthrow n s in disa pp e ar

3
, ,

fro m the earth a n d the righteous dead rise to Share in the ,

blessedn ess of the li v i n g .

A las for t h e va n ity of m a n s j u dg m e n t a n d m a n s p re

’ ’

scie n ce O u r book had hardly b e en p ublish e d wh e n

.
,

Hyrca n u s owi n g to a n o u trage don e h im by t h e Pharisees

, ,

broke with th e ir p arty a n d joi n in g t h e Sadd u cees die d a , , ,

year or two later His succe ssors pro v e d them se l v es the .

basest of m e n Their i n fa m y is p ain t e d in lurid colour s .

by co n te m p orary writ e rs of the first ce n t ury B C a n d by a . .

,

stran ge iro n y the work or rather frag m e n ts of t h e work ,

4
, ,

of o n e of these assailan ts o f the lat e r Maccabees has ,

achie v ed i m m ortality by fi n din g a co ve rt in the chief

1
Bu t t h e Te s tp i v t difi t i
a men s Th y w t w e re n ot o n l y u se d fo r r a e e ca on . e ere

u se d K hl (J Q R 1 8 9 3 pp 4 00 401 ) h
, as o er i dic t d c t i cc i
. .
,
.
-
as n a e , on er a n o as o n s

i t h Hi gh C
n e t f J tic t h t i l f w m
ou r p ct d f d l t y F
o us e on e r a o a o an s u s e e o a u er . or

acc di g t S if N m 1 2 S t h 7 d J S t h 1 6 t h p i d t f
or n o re , u .
,
o a b
, an er . o a d
, e res en o

th C e t w d i ct d t g
o ur as th cc d t h d t y f c f i
re e d cit o ur e on e a use e u o on e s s on , a n re e

t h o w d er f t h H gg d h i t ic l v t w h ic h
or s o cc i t h ly w it
e a a a, s or a e en s o ur n e e ar r

i g —f x mp l t h i ci d t f R b w ith Bil h h d f J d h w ith T m

n s or e a e, e n en o eu en a an o u a a ar .

Th c f e i fR b d J d h
on e ss on s o f di t xt d w h l i
eu en a n u a ar e ou n n o ur e , an no e re e se n

an ci t J w i h l it t
en e s er a ur e .

M y x g t t k P cx
2
an e M i ic h ym
e e es dd d t S i m ( cf
a e S. . as a e s s an n a r e s se o on .

1 M cc x i v a . .

C t 3
t th w
o n ras f th i t w k t h B k f J bil t h th
e n arr o n e ss o e s s er or , e oo o u ee s , e au or

o f w h ich l ik E k i l b l i v d i t h
, e x cl i f t h G til f m t h M i ic
ze e , e e e n e e u s on o e en es ro e ess a n

k i gd mn o .

4
Se e 19 .
xviii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
bu t ha pp ily m an y of these in t e rp olation s h a d n ot b ee n
m a d e wh e n t h e book w a s do n e i n to A r m e n i a n .

Th e r e a pp e ara n ce of the Te st a m e n ts o n t h e stag e o f

history w a s du e to t h e gre a t Bisho p of Lin coln Ro b e rt ,

Grossete ste in the thirt e e n th ce n t u ry who p roc u red from

, ,

Gre e ce t h e MS o f this bo ok which is n ow in the U n iv e r

,

s it y Libra ry of Ca m bridg e This sch o l a r took t h e book

.

with all its Christia n a ddition s to be a g e n ui n e writi n g of

the twel ve so n s of J acob He charged t h e J ews with c on
.

c e a li n
g the Te sta m e n ts fro m the k n o wl e dge of the Ch ur ch
o n acco u n t o f the p ro p heci e s o f t h e Sa v io u r co n tai n e d in

th e m . Gross e t e st e tra n sl a t e d t h e b o ok in to Lati n a n d ,

his tran slatio n gain e d a n imm edia t e a n d wid e s p rea d p op u

l a r it y a n d fro m it in co u rs e of ti m e tra n slatio n s w e r e m a de
,

i n to m ost of t h e la n g u ag e s of E u ro p e .

I t is p e rha p s n e e dl e ss to stat e that whe n t h e critical

, , ,

i n sti n ct revive d with the R e for m ati on Grosset e ste s Vi e w ,

’

of the Testam e n ts w a s s u mm arily rej e ct e d Na y m ore a s .

, ,

the book was r e ga rd e d a s t h e work o f on e writ e r it was ,

Sim p ly co n de mn ed as a Christia n forge ry I n the cour s e .

of fo u r Ce n tu ri e s o n ly on e v oice was rais e d a s aga i n st this

m istak e n ve rdict a n d th a t in va i n for abo u t two h u n dr e d
,

year s O n ly a score of y e ars ago Grab e s Vi e w th a t t h e

.
’

Christi a n cl a u s e s w e re i n t e r p olatio n s was r e h a n dl e d in a

tr e atis e by a you n g G e rm a n scholar Sch n ap p So m e y e a rs .

a fterwards t h e s u bject was r e stu die d by t h e p r e s e n t writer ,

who n o w p re s e n ts to the re a d e r the p rodu ct of m a n y

laborious but happ y y e ars of res e arch .

2 . THE G REE K MSS

a . Bodl e y MS . Ba rr oc io 1 3 3 . p a p er
Q u arto . This

MS co tai n s s e v e ra l tr e a tis e s by di ffe r e n t h a n ds of t h e

n

latt e r p art of t h e fou rt e e n th ce n t u ry Th e Testam e n ts .

 I N T R O D U CT I O N x ix

occu p y fo lios Their ge n e r a l title a n d those o f

J u da h a n d Ga d are writt e n in red Th e re a re two Co p ie s .

o f this MS o n p a p er o n e in t h e Bo dl e y MS Sm ith 1 1 7
.
, .
,

b e lon gi n g to t h e close o f the s e v en t e e n th ce n t u ry a n d t h e ,

s e con d in E mm an u e l Coll e ge Ca m bridge This MS is , . .

re m arkable for a larg e n u m be r of om ission s a t ti m e s of ,

en tire ch a p t e rs A collatio n of it is gi ve n in Dr Si n k e r s
. .
’

editio n but it is wan ti n g in accu racy I t is cited by h im

,
.

as O .

6 U n i v ersity Library Ca m bridge Ff i 2 4

.
Q u a rto , , . . . .

This p arch m e n t MS co n ta i n s fo u r works of which t h e.

,

Testa m e n ts a re t h e fo u rth writt e n o n f olios 2 03

3
,

I t b e lo n gs t o the t e n th ce n t u ry I t is Writte n in do u ble .

colum n s 2 0 lin e s in a colu m n Th e in itia ls a n d titles a re

,
.

in red e x c e p t t h e first which is in gold

,
I t was fro m this
, .

MS that Gross e teste s L a tin v e rsion w a s m a de His ha n d

.
’
.

writin g accordin g to Dr J am e s is fou n d o n the m argi n

, .
, .

Gra be p rofe sses to hav e gi ven a tran scri p t of this MS as .

his te x t .

O f this MS th e r e a re three co p i e s
. Th e fir s t two a re .

in the U n i ve rsity Libra ry a n d in t h e Library of Tri n ity

Coll e g e Cam bridge r e s p e cti v ely a n d the thir d in the
, , ,

Library of Q u e en s College O x ford ’

,
.

This MS f or m s t h e t e x t o f Dr Si n k e r s e ditio n Dr
’
. . . .

J a me s h a s t e st e d its accu r a cy for m e a n d fo u n d it to be ,

abov e a ll p raise I hav e th e r e for e u se d Dr Si n k e r s tra n

.
, , .
’

s cri p t o f t h e MS in t h e p r e se n t editio n I t is cit e d by .

h im as C .

0 V atic a n Library Co d Gra e e 73 1

. This is a s m a ll
,
. . .

o cta v o MS writt e n o n p a p e r with 2 2 o r 2 3 li n e s o n e a ch ,

p age Be sid e s t h e Testam e n ts it con t a i n s e x tra cts fr om

.

the Fathers Th e Te st a m e n ts a re gi v e n on fo lios 9 7 1 6 7

.
b a
-
.

Th e scri p t of t h e latter b e lo n gs p r o b a bly to t h e thirtee n th

c e n tury This is the m ost i m p orta n t o f a ll the MSS
. A .
xx T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V PA T R IA R CH S
fa irly accu rate colla tio n of this MS by G u idi is gi v en by .

Si n ker in his s e p a r a t e ly p u blish e d A pp e n di x to his editio n

,

o f t h e Te sta m e n ts a n d cited by him as R I p rocured

,
.

p hotogra p hs of this MS for t h e p res e n t e diti o n . .

d Vatica n Library Gk 1 2 3 8
. This is a ve ll um MS , . . .

in thre e v ol u m e s o f the L XX b e lo n gi n g to the thirt e e n th

ce n tu ry O n the close o f the L XX follows t h e Te stam e n t
.

o f J ob f olios 3 4 0 3 4 9 3 50 3 8 0 o u r p r e s e n t
b
and
3
,
on -
,
-

te x t There a re fro m 3 3 to 3 9 li n es in e ach colum n

. .

Stra n g e ly e n o u gh a bo v e the ge n e ra l titl e of the Te st a m e n ts

,

A t fl fi b 631 LB w r pt pxé w I S —
B app e a r t h e
’

—
‘

a xa w
7 / a a uc v a /ca

words A nae P é e w e which is on e of the titles of the

er ev d ,

Book of J u bile es That there was a close rel a tio n b e tw e en

.

th e se books we k n ow i n de p en de n tly A collation of this

“

MS was p u blished by Co n ybe a r e in t h e

. O c t 1 9 00 .

a n d J a n 1 9 01 bu t I thou ght it ad v is a bl e to ha v e t h e MS
.
,
.

p hotogra p hed for this editio n .

6 Mo u n t A thos MS This MS is writte n in t w o

. . .

col um n s of 4 0 lin e s e a ch in a good ba n d of t h e ten th

c e n t ury Th e Testa m e n ts a re gi ven on folios 1 9 7
.
b

This MS is of gr e at i n terest as it co n tai n s three larg e

.
,

a dditi on s to the t e x t : t h e first be fore l é rri w ép y vq in Ica .

'
.
r o

T Le v ii 3 co n sisti n g o f a p raye r of J acob ; t h e seco n d

. . .
,

aft e r t h e word fip pé w in T Le v xv iii 2 a n d t h e third e

‘

. . .
,

afte r % yfig in T A s h V ii 2 Th e third con sists o f 2 —

7 r .

3 . . .

colu m n s o f certain Christian dis qu isitio n s o n lov e a n d t h e

Tri n ity Th e seco n d is t h e re m arkable Gr e ek fr a g m e n t
.
,

which I ha v e p rin t e d in A ppe n di x I I I in m y edition o f .

t h e Te x t a n d which w e show e ls e where to be a tran sl a tio n

,

fro m a H e bre w work which was p robably a n origi n al so u rc e ,

o f t h e Te sta m e n ts Profe ssor Lak e p h o togra p h e d this MS

. .

for m e on Mo u n t A thos .

Paris M S This is a b e a u tif u lly writt e n MS of

f . 9 3 8 . . .

the t e n th c e n t u ry Th e Te sta m e n ts a re gi ve n on t h e first 72

.
 I N T R O D U CT IO N xxi
folios Ea ch p age con tain s 2 3 li n e s O n folio l the re is a
. .
a

lis t of O l d Te stam en t n a m e s i n cl u di n g t h e tw e l ve p a tri a rchs , ,

with th e ir m e a n in gs Th e Te st a m e n ts p rop er b e gi n in .

I t is ch a racteristic o f this MS that a ft e r the titl e o f e ach .

Te st a m e n t it adds t h e m e a n i n g o f t h e p ro p e r n a m e a n d ,

also that a t the con cl u sio n of e ach Te stam en t it adds the

, ,

n u m b e r o f years th a t t h e p a triarch li v ed I n t h e l a tt e r .

fe a tur e it is follow e d by the first Sla v o n ic R e c e n sio n ( S )

I
.

A ft e r the Test a m e n ts follow t h e Te sta m e n t of J ob a n d oth e r

writi n gs This MS w a s p hotograp hed for m e with a View
. .

to t h e pres e n t editio n Dr Si n ker collated this MS as fa r . . .

back as 1 8 8 7 bu t n e v er p u blish e d t h e colla tio n , .

9 M S 4
. 1 1 i n t he Library . o f t h e M o n ast e ry of St .

J oh n the E va n ge list in P a t m os I t is a qu arto MS writte n . .

o n p a rch m e n t a n d assig n ed by H C Co x e to t h e si x tee n th

,
. .

cen t u ry This ve ry i n accu rate MS was collated for Dr

. . .

Si n k e r s A pp e n di x by who m it is cit e d as P
’
.
,

h Mou n t Si n ai MS NC 54 7 in t h e Library o f St
. . . .

Ca theri n e Se e G a rdt h a u se n Oa t Codd Gr a ce Sin a it i

.
, . . .

c om m p 1 3 2 This MS 1 4 5 by 1 03 5 c m was written

, . . .
,
.
,

in t h e se v en tee n th ce n t u ry I t co n tai n s 1 7 li n e s o n e ach .

p ag e I t is i n com p l e t e a n d co m es to a n e n d with
.

T J os X V 7
. This MS has t h e followi n g p ec u liar i n tro
. . . .

'
d u ctio n : d v o fi éBp
’

6 38 7 9 63 Om an 32
v v 7o a t ov 7 01 7 1/ /C( )

56») a /c c
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B d d rr O
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p px
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I o vOa t /c o i} stat e m e n t is
St a k e5
x 7 01) -
65
9 E XXe m /mj v
’
. Th e
tru e bu t wh e re t h e scribe got it w e can n ot de t e rm i n e
, .

This MS was co p i e d fo r Dr Si n k e r by Mr s Gibso n in

. . .

Fe b 1 8 9 2. This co p y toge th e r with p hotogra p hs o f t h e ,

T J O S i X I I 3 x v 1 7 Dr Si n ker m ost ki n dly p laced at

. . .
-
.
, .
-
,
.

m y dis p osal .

73 Mo u n t Si n ai MS
. This MS w a s disco v e red acci . .

den tally in t h e Co n ve n t Libr a ry in t h e sp rin g of 1 9 06 by

Mrs Gibso n . Sh e w a s s e archi n g for h with a Vie w to
.
,
xx ii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
m or e corre ct coll a tion o n m y b e hal f Notwit h sta n di n g ,
.

e v e ry e ffort s h e like t h e A rchbisho p of Sin ai who had

, , ,

pre viou sly so u ght for it fa il e d to fi n d it J u st be fore le a v ,

.

in g Mo u n t Si n ai howe v e r sh e ca m e across this seco n d MS , ,

a n d p hotogra p hed the greater p art o f it fo r m e m dow n to , .

T A sh v ii 6 wh e n h e r ca m er a broke down
. . . U n fort u
, .

n e gati v e s o f T Na p h v iii 2 ix T Gad i 9

b
n a t el t h e
y
-
. . . . . .

i v 1 v 3 v i 2 T A sh i 7 ii 7 i v 5 V i 3 w e re eith e r
.
b
,
b
.
b -
.
d
. . .
-
.
, .
-
.
,

lost or p ro v e d to be fail u r e s W h e n t h e p hotogra p hs of .

this MS re a ch e d m e t h e first n in e ty si x p a ge s of my t e x t
.
,
-

h a d alre ady p ass e d thro u gh t h e p r e ss A ccordi n gly I ha v e .

a dde d in A pp e n di x V I in m y e ditio n o f t h e Te x t a colla

‘

.
, ,

tio n o f t h e Te stam e n ts o f Reu ben Simeon Le v i a n d J u d , , ,

.

i X x wh e r e it di ffe rs fro m h with which it is closely

.
-
.
, ,

co n n ecte d This MS was writt e n n ot earlie r than t h e

. .

se ve n tee n th ce n t u ry I t co n tai n s 2 1 to 2 3 lin es on e ach .

p age I t h a s t h e sam e p e c u li a r i n trod u ctio n as it Se e

. .

pre cedi n g MS .

3 . THE A RME N I A N MSS .

here are m a n y MSS o f this v ersio n Th e first fi ve

T . .

are d e sign at e d by t h e sym bols atta ch e d to th e m in t h e

Ve n etia n e ditio n o f t h e te x t by t h e Me chitarist fath e rs .

Th e rest owe th e ir d e sig n a tio n to t h e p res e n t editor .

W h e n cit e d th e y a pp e a r as A A e t c
b a
, ,
.

A Me chitarist Libra ry o f St Lazz a ro Ven ice No

3
. .
, , .

34 5 This MS 5 by 7 i n ch e s was writte n in t h e ye a r

.
,

1 2 2 0 o n p ap e r This MS co n tai n s also the History of t h e. .

Pro ph e t J ere m iah I t belo n gs to the first re c e n sio n o f t h e .

te x t .

Me chita rist Library o f St La z zaro NO 2 8 0

“
b
A . .
, . .

This MS 7 by 1 1 i n ches was writte n in two col u m n s of

, ,

4 2 li n es e ach o n p a p e r in t h e year 1 4 1 8 This MS is the . .

 I N T RO D U CT I O N xx iii
worst rep res e n tati ve of the s e co n d rece n sion o f t h e A rm e n ia n
v e rsio n I t co n tai n s also the History of A se n a th
. .

A b
Mechitarist Library of St Laz z a ro No 6 79
. This .
,
. .

MS 6 by 1 0 i n ches was writte n towa rds t h e e n d o f t h e

,

fi ft e e n th ce n t u ry in do u bl e col u mn s of 2 6 lin e s e a ch a n d
, ,

co n sists o f 6 79 f olios This MS belon gs to the first r e ce n

. .

sio n I t s collatio n in the A r m e n ian t e x t is n o t in fre

.

q u e n tly in c o rrect a n d de fe cti v e a s I h a ve disco v ere d throu gh ,

F a th e r Ca rékin s co py of si x o f t h e Te st a m e n ts in this MS
’
.
,

which h e m a d e for Mr Con ybe a r e a n d which the latt e r .

,

m ost ki n dly p laced a t m y dis p o sal I ha v e i n trodu c e d t h e .

n e e dfril corre ctio n s i n to t h e te x t o n the basis o f Ca r é k in s

’

collatio n .

A Me chita rist Libra ry of St La zzaro No 2 2 9

c
. Thi s .
, . .

MS Bibl e 8 by 1 0 i n ches was writt e n on ve ll u m in do u ble

.
, ,

col u m n s of 50 li n e s e a ch in t h e y e ar 1 6 55 .

A
d
Me chitarist Library of St L a zzar o No
. Thi s .
, .

MS Bible was writt e n in t h e si x t e e n th ce n t u ry on p ap er

.
,

in doubl e c o l u m n s o f 4 3 li n e s e ach .

This MS Bibl e was writt e n in t h e si x te e n th

e
A . .

ce n tu ry a n d b e l o n gs to t h e Lo n do n Bible Soci e ty I t is .

d e sig n at e d as B by Con ybe a re whos e collatio n I have u sed ,

.

A This MS Bibl e which b e lo n gs to t h e Catholicos o f

f
. .
,

t h e A r m e n i a n Ch u rch at E dsc h m ia dz in in A r me n i a was ,

th e re p hot o gra p hed by Con ybe a r e in 1 8 9 1 Th e MS is . .

wr itten in two colu m n s of 50 li n es e a ch in a beau tifu l

han d U n fo rt u n at e ly the n egati ves r e p rod u ce d t h e p ag e s
.

o f t h e E dsc h m ia d z in MS o n so m i n u t e a scale th a t it was

.
,

i m p ossible to p rin t th e m Moreo ve r a fe w o f t h e colu m n s

.
,

wer e ou t o f focu s Notwithsta n di n g t h e p res e n t editor

.
,

has b ee n able to d e ci p h e r fi v e Si x ths of t h e te x t by holdi n g-

t h e n e gati v e s b e tw ee n hi m s e l f a n d t h e s u n light a n d st u dy
in g t h e n e gati v e s l e tt e r by l e tt e r a n d w o rd by word This .

MS is closely re l a t e d to A m “
a n d h a s b e e n o f gre a t ser v ice
,
xx i
v T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
where the collatio n s of th e se MSS were Sligh t ly i n accu rate .

or d e fe cti ve .

A g
This MS Bible w h ich w a s writt e n in t h e sev e n
‘

. .
,

t e e n t h cen t u ry b e lo n gs to Lord Z ou c h e I o w e all m y

, .

citation s of its te x t to Con ybe a re s collation ’

.

Bo dleia n Library O x ford No 6 30 ( 1 3 t h ce n t )

h
A .
, ,
. . .

O n ly fi v e Testam e n ts a re fo u n d in this MS a n d in the ,

f ollowi n g ord e r : Si me on ( folio 1 6 8 ) L e v i ( l 73 ) J o s e p h a

,
a
,

Be nj a m in J u da h Th e MS is writt e n .

in two or m ore ha n ds ( lat e st 1 8 t h c e n t ) a n d there are two ,

ty pe s of t e x t Fort u n at e ly t h e fo u r fi rst m en tion e d Te sta

.
-

m e n ts a n d T J u dah i X i v 8 b
w . i xp pn .
-
.
a c
ec
’ ‘
a o
'
o

p o ve t v)
’‘

belon g to t h e first rece n sio n a n d o n ly T J ud ,

. .

X X V 1 to the sec o n d This MS th u s att e sts the

d
x iv
e
. 8 -
. . .

sam e ty p e o f t e x t as A bu t it is m ore closely relat e d to

“
,

A th a n to A b
a
.

All t h e p recedi n g MSS ha ve be e n u sed by the p res e n t .

editor Th e re are thre e oth e rs of two o f which h e has n o

.
,

k n owledge .

A A V atica n MS of the Bibl e cited o n ce by Con y

i
. .

be a re Se e J Q R v iii
. p 2 6 0 I t b e lo n gs to t h e
. . . . . .

se ve n tee n th ce n t u ry .

k
Me chita rist Library Ve n ice No 1 2 6 ( Da sh ia n s
’
A .
, ,
.

men isoh e n Ha n dsch mf t en d er Mech it a r is t en

'

Ca t a l og ale?
"
ar ’

Bi bliot h ek cu his MS was

W ain 1 8 9 5 , ,
p . 71 4 1 1 ,
T .

written in the yea r 1 3 8 8 O n t h e first 1 05 fo lios it .

34

c on tai n s the History o f J osep h a n d A se n a th The n follow .

t h e Te st a m e n ts O f th e s e R e u be n Da n a n d N a ph t a l i a re
.
, , ,

m issi n g Th e order o f t h e re m ai n i n g n i n e is p e cu li a r
.
,

agr e e i n g in t h e first five with th a t o f A Th u s w e ha v e

h
.

Si m e o n L e v i J os e p h Be n j a m i n J u d a h I ss a char Z e b u lu n
, , , , , , ,

G a d A sh e r
, A st u dy o f t h e titles o f th e s e Te sta m e n ts
.

giv e n in Si n k e r s A pp e n di x p 2 5 a n d t h e Ge r m an t ra n sla
’

, .
,

ti on o f the T J u d xx i v xxv i a n d T Be nj X 8 X l l by
.
b
. .
-
.
,
. . .
-
.
,
xxv i T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
cases wh e re it di ffe rs fro m A
, it has t h e s u ppo rt of the Cd e fg
,

b e st Greek MSS O f T Gad v 3 ; T Benj x ii 1 U n . . . . . . . .

f ort u n a t e ly it was adop t e d by t h e Me chit a rist editor of t h e

A r m e n i a n t e x t as his chi e f a u thority Th e r e latio n s of .

these Six MSS m ight be re p re s e n te d as follo W S

.
‘

Rela tion s
f o v a ri a tio n s b e tw
t h e t w o Rece n sion s
ee .
— Th e n

A a n d A a r e v e ry great bu t t h e b u lk o f the m a pp e a r to
“ ‘ 3
,

have arise n withi n t h e v e rsio n Very m a n y of t h em a e . r

si m ply du e t o the co n fu sion of lik e words with each oth e r .

I st a n ces of this n at u r e a e p oi n t e d o u t o n n early e v e ry

n r

p age of m y Te x t O th e r di ffe r e n ce s a pp are n tly a rose from

.

a n a tt e m p t of t h e scrib e o f A to abbre v ia t e the te x t as “

it is fo u n d in A } Bu t o ve r a n d abo v e these there a re

B
,

ce rta in i mp orta n t s e cti o s wh e r e t h e diffe r e n ces betw e e n n

t h e two r e ce sio n s goes back to t h e Greek such as in

n ,

T L e v i ii 7 1 0 x i v 1 3 5 where A a gre e s with

. .
-
, agai n st
.
,
-
,
“
a

8 a n d o n e n otabl e sectio n T Le v iii 1 5 wh e re A is l e ss

, , , . . .
-

,
“

c o rr u p t th a n a d gi ve s t h e n e a rest r e prod u ctio n of the

a ,
n

origin a l H e br e w arch e typ e .

Afi mtt es of A w i t h t h e G eek MSS — E x cl u si v e of s u ch r .

p a ss a ge s as t h e abo v e A t a k e n a s a whole a gre es with 6 8 , , ,

aga in st This a gre e m e t holds i

a . an i n n u m e rable n n

n u m b e r o f p ass a g e s a d f r e qu e n tly o n a larg e sc a l e a s in ,

n

T Le v v
. T J u d v 6 7 v ii 2 3 9 x 5 X VI I 1
. . . . .
, , .
-
, ,
.
,
I .
,

xx 2 4 ; xxv i 3 ; T I ss i 1 1 v ii 9 ; T Z e b i v 1 6
.
-
. . . .
, . . . .
-

i x 7 ; T Da n i 9 ; T Na p h i 1 2 ; T Gad ii 3 5
. . . . . . . . .
-
,

v i 3 ; T A sh e r ii 3 v i 6 ; T J o s v iii 5 xv i 2 3 ;
. .
,
. . . .
, .
-

T Be j v i i 4 v iii 2
. n . ii I. o n e co siderabl e p a ssag e
,
.
,
x . n n ,

1
Th us in t h e T J u d ah t he t xt e of A “
is l e ss b y a t h i d th t h t
r an a of A B, b u t
th i xt c
.

s is an e re m e a se .
 I N T R O D U CT IO N xxvu

owin g to h m t vie in T Be n j i v 5 A agre e s with agai n st 8

,
. . . . a , ,

a n d likewis e in a n u m b e r o f p hras e s m o stly u n i m p ort a n t ,

where the agre e m e n t m a y be accid e n tal or wh e re A m a y ,

h a ve p r e s e r v e d t h e origin a l re adi n g thou gh lost in 8 , ,

.

Bu t withi n 8 there a re t w o ty p e s o f t e x t to which a e f

,

and b d g belo n g r e sp e cti ve ly a n d A a grees all b u t u n i ,

v e rsa lly with b d g wh e n b d g di ffe r fro m a e f I n on e .

p a ssage T Ze b v iii 6 A a gre e s with a ef ( fiw p fw )

, . . .
, a

aga in st a H e r e b y di ffe r fro m a l l t h e

MSS a n d ve rsio n s a n d d gi ve s a te x t con fl a t e d fr o m b g
.
,

an d a e f
V a lu e f A
o v al u e of A will be b e st u n d e rstood
. Th e
whe n w e co m e to d e al with t h e Christia n i t e r p o latio n s n

in the t e x t Th e s e a r e by n o m e a n s a bs e n t fro m A bu t
.
,

th e y are p resen t in a m u ch l e ss d e gr e e in A tha n in a n d a

8
,
. This is e s p ecially so in t h e l a st two Te st a m e ts Bu t n .

n ot on ly is A n otabl e for its co m p arati v e fr e edo m from

i n terp ola t io n A has alon e tra n sm itt e d t h e p u re st for m
.

o f t e x t in T Le v iii 1 5 ; a d A al o n e has p r e s e r v e d t h e
. . .
-
n

t e x t wh e n it has b e e n wholly lost by 8 in T J os

, a , , . .

x ix 3 7 ; T Be n j ii 6 8
. . . .
-
.

Bu t howe v e r v al u a bl e A is w e m u st n o t fail to obs e r v e

, ,

that o n alm ost e v e ry p a ge it is g u ilty o f u nj u stifi a ble

om issi on s Th e s e o m issio n s a re m a d e ob v io u s to t h e
.

r e ade r by t h e u s e o f brackets Al l words e n clos e d th u s .

1 a re o m itt e d by A .

F u rth e r m o re the te x t of A is ofte n corr u p t A t tim e s

, .

t h e m e a n i n g ca n o n ly be g u ess e d at I n m y r e tra n sl a tio n s .

of A i to Gr ee k a d E n glish I ha ve re p rod u ced t h e

n n

irr e gularitie s of this v ersi o n .

xxv iii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S

5 . E DITIO N or THE A RME N I A N TE X T

O n ly on e e ditio n of t h e t e x t has a s yet a pp e ared This .

is gi v e n on pp 2 7 1 51 o f t h e Tr ea su ry of Old a n d New
.
-

Fa th er s : No n Ca n on ica l W r it ing s of
-
t h e Ol d Tes t a m en t ,

V e n ice ,
by H Sargis J o se p h e a n z This editio n
1 8 9 6, . .

”
co n sists of a re p rod u ctio n of A with varian ts in the n otes
fro m A Th e editor cou ld n o t u n fort u n a tely ha v e
d a
.

chose n a worse MS for his t e x t Fortu n a tely howev e r . .

, ,

in the c a se o f t h e Testam e n ts of Si m eo n a n d Le v i wh e re ,

A a n d A B di ffe r v ery gr e a tly h e has gi v e n by the ad v ic e

“
, ,

w d
o f Mr Co n y be a re A o n the l e ft h a n d p a g e s a n d A
b "‘ C
.
,
on -

the p ages facin g them .

My st u dy o f this t e x t h a s l e d m e to form a low O p i n io n

of its a ccu racy Th e editor is fre qu e n tly care l e ss as to t h e
.

order o f the t e x t a n d th u s re pre s e n ts a di ve rge n ce b e tw e e n

,

A an d 8 wh e n there is n o n e in t h e MSS
a ,
He is in defi n it e .

in his state m e n ts in t h e n otes Th u s n o t i n fr e q u e n tly

h e s a ys o n e li n e is m issi n g
,
a n d gi v e s t h e r e a der n o

hel p in d e t e r m i n i n g its l e n gth Ha pp ily by t h e aid o f .

,

I h a ve be e n a bl e to a scert a i n his m e a n i n g
bh f
A
e g
Th e .

title o f T J O S is wron gly given for A

. .
h
A g a i n A is n o t
b a
,

i n fre qu e n tly wron gly cited a s the co p y o f this MS by ,

.

F ath e r Ca rékin Shows I ca n n ot h e l p drawin g t h e sam e .

i n fe re n ce with r e gard to A a n d with r e ga rd to A fro m

“
,
“

m y st u dy o f A th e se two MSS b e i n g m a de fro m the

b
, .

s a m e archety pe .

Notwithstan din g this scholar has re n d e re d a gre at ,

ser v ice to t h e stud e n ts o f t h e Test a m e n ts a n d m ate rially ,

light e n e d t h e labou rs of his s u cc e ssors Bu t it is t o be .

hop e d that eith e r h e or so m e oth e r A rm e n ia n scholar will

u n d e r t ake a critic a l editio n o f this m uch — n e e ded work in ,

which A will be b a n ish e d from t h e t e x t a n d n o t always

“

cit e d in t h e n ot e s I n t h e m e a n ti m e t h e stu d e n ts o f this

.
 I N T R O D U CT I O N x i
x x

literat u re m ust co n t e n t th e m s e lv e s with t h e k n owl e dge

of A that is give n in m y n otes I h a v e in my n otes .

eith e r Silen tly or e xp re ssly correct e d J o se p h e a n z s t e x t ’

whe n n e edfu l a n d so fa r a s I a m aware I h a v e n ot o m itted

,

a Si n gl e im p ort a n t v ari a n t in eith e r A or A3 “

6 . TRA N S LATI O N S O F THE A RME N I A N VE RS I O N

Paul Hu n a n ia n A Ge rm a n tra n slatio n has been m ade
.

by this scholar of T J u d xx i v xxv i a n d of T Be n j . . .

-
. . .

8 x ii fro m the A r m e n ian MS A is gi ve n in

k
x.
-
. an d .
,

Sin k e r s A pp e n di x pp 2 6 2 7
’
-
. .
,

Co n ybe a re Th e chi e f h e l p towards o ur k n owl e dge of

.

t h e A r m en ia n V e rsio n h a s b e e n re n dere d by this scholar in

his con tribu tion s to the O n t h e J ewish A u thor
shi p o f the Te stam e n ts Of t h e Twelv e P a triarchs 1 8 9 3 , ,

v 3 75 3 9 8 A Collatio n of Si n k e r s Te x ts of the
’
-
.

Te sta m e n ts of Re u b e n a n d Si m e o n with t h e old A rm e n ia n

Versio n 1 8 9 6 v ol viii 2 60 2 6 8 ;
, ,
. A Collatio n o f .
-
“

A r m e n ia n Te x ts o f t h e Te sta m e n ts of J u dah Da n J ose p h , , ,

Be ja m i n v iii 7 — these articles Con ybe a re

n
( 4 1 . in

has r e tran slated i n to Gre e k or Lati n t h e chie f v arian ts

in t h e thr e e MSS A
b g e
.

Pr e u sch e n Die A r m e n isch e U e be rse t z u n g der Te st a

.
“

m e n te de r Z w o lf Patriarch e n in t h e Z eits ch r if t f a r
NTlieh e W issen sch af t 1 9 00 i 1 06 1 4 0 , This articl e ,
.
-
.

gi ve s al m ost a com p l et e list of t h e A rm e ni an MSS a n d a .

tr a n sl a tio n i n to G e rm a n o f the T Le v i Th e tran sl a tor . .

m a kes m a n y go o d s u ggestio n s a n d attem p ts in so m e o f the ,

corr u p t p a ss a ges a r e co n str u ction of t h e t e x t He h a s .

rightly show n that t h e e ditor of the A rm en ian t e x t w a s

”
wro n g in m aki n g A t h e ba sis of his t e x t .

I ss a v e rde n s ,
Th e Un ca n on ica l W r i t in g s f
o the Ol d
T es t a m en t , pp . 3 4 9 4 79 ,-
Ve n ice ,
1 9 01 . Dr . I ss a ve rde n s
xxx T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
has here att e m p ted to tra n slat e t h e Te sta m e n ts i n to
E n glish bu t t h e task was wholly beyo n d h im I t is n o t
, .

that his E n glish was d e fe cti ve bu t that his e n tire trai n in g ,

w a s n o t a pp ar e n tly fitt e d to p r e p a re h im for such a n

u n dert a ki n g He o u ght to hav e followe d closely the

.

p ri n ted A r m e n ian t e x t a n d whe n this t e x t e x hibited two , ,

e r y di ffer e n t r e c e n sio n s ha v e r e n dered e ach i n d e p e n de n tly , .

A S it is he ost e n sibly follows the lo n g e r r e c e n sio n bu t

, ,

f r e qu e n tly ado p ts a readi n g fro m the short e r witho u t

i n for m i n g his r e a d e r No hin t is gi ve n that at tim e s t e n
.
,

twen ty or thirty words or e v en a whole p age is w a n ti n g

, , ,

in the Short e r r e c e n sio n So m eti m e s he gi v e s as a re n de r .

in g o f t h e A r m e n i a n te x t t h e r e n d e ri n g of the Gre e k te x t
o f Si n ker wher e the A rm e n ia n is a t v aria n ce with t h e
,

Gre e k O ccasio n a lly h e adds a cla u se from t h e Gre e k

.

which is m issin g in t h e A rm e n i a n W itho u t ev e n a hi n t ,

to that e ffe ct Fi n ally his r e n d e ri n gs are fre qu e n tly

.
,

i n accu ra t e I n short t h e tran slatio n whil e of i n terest to

.
, ,

the ge n eral r e a d e r is absol u tely worthless to the schola r

, .

7 THE SLA V O NI C
. VE RS I O N
This v e rsion is lat e I t is bas e d o n the typ e of t e x t .

r e p re s e n t e d by a e f a n d o f th e se it atta ch e s m ost clos e ly

,

to f for S a lwa ys a n d occasio n ally S agr e e in m akin g

I
,
2
,

t h e additio n at the close o f e ach Te sta m e n t that is to be

fo u n d in f alo n e of t h e Gre e k MSS Bu t S has a ffi n ities .

a lso with other MSS tha n a e f thus in T Lev i x 1 it : ,

. . .

a grees W ith i r e a di n g w p w W hich BA o m it ;

’
n
a
p o axr o a ,

in T Gad i 4 s r e a d fi dpxw W h e re BA ha v e
1
. . a n v ,

r
p g p
v t e o c 5 a n d in T Lev
c 12 , x ii 1 i fi s wh e re 8 A . . . a z r
' ‘

, ,

rea d d a in T Be n j i v 3 0S re a d
v . wh e re 8 has . .
,
1
,

d A S a gree in o m itt in g
1
d y d fi a n d in T Lev ix 1 1 “
a o ,
. . .
, a

si x words throu gh h om oie t el e u t on Su ch in st a n ce s thou gh .

,
 I N T RO DU CT I O N xxx i
they are n o t n u m e rou s a re su fficie n t to p ro v e th a t t h e
,

Gr ee k MS from which S w a s tra n slat e d had s p oradic a lly

.
, ,

co m e u n d e r the i n fl u e n ce o f a .

§ 8 . THE TW O SLA V O N I C R E CE N S I O N S
Th e two Slav o n ic re ce n sio n s o f t h e Te stam e n ts of the
Tw e l v e Patriarchs a re p ri m arily take n fro m t h e s o c a ll e d -

Palea ( Gre e k w h d) which con ta in short acco un ts of

a a t

e v e n ts m e n tio n ed in the O l d Test a m e n t with t h e addi tio n

of tra ditio n a l stories an d comm e n ts o f t h e Fath e rs o f t h e
Ch u rch .The se Pale a som e ti m e s a pp e a r in s e p ara te col
l e ction s a n d a re so m e tim e s pre fi x e d t o t h e tr a n sl a tio n s o f
,

Byza n tin e Chro n icl e s O f the t w o r e cen sio n s t h e short

.

o n e h a s u n derg o n e m a n y ch a n ges fro m t h e origi n a l Th e .

e ditor of the Palea has Short e n ed t h e Te sta m e n ts as they

alre ady e x ist e d in a co m p l e te Sla v o n ic tra n sl a tio n a n d ,

followin g a p ol e m ica l cou rs e agai n st t h e J e ws he h as her e ,

an d th e re i n trod u c e d re fe re n ce s to th e m Be sid e s the .

a lter a tio n s m e n tio n ed t h e e ditor o f t h e Pal e a h a s cha n g e d

.

the order of t h e Testam en ts ha v i n g p lac e d t h e Te st a m e n t

,

of J os e p h b e for e all t h e oth e rs a n d h a v i n g co n n e ct e d ,

it with t h e d e ath o f J acob Th e R u ssia n editor has .

n ot foll o w e d this p e cu liarity a n d so m e vari a tio n s hav e ,

be e n in trod u ce d from a P a lea on v e ll u m o f 1 4 06 writt e n ,

at Kol u m n a Th e short e r e ditio n of the Te stam e n ts is

.

co n tain e d in a v ell u m MS o f t h e f ou rt e e n th ce n tu ry .

p r e se r ve d in the Mo n a st e ry of St A l e xa n d e r Moski Th e . .

com ple t e r e ce n sio n is from a Pal e a of the y e a r 1 4 77

p re s e r ve d in t h e Syn oda l Library at Moscow N o 2 1 0 ,
.
,

pp . l 46 1 8 9 -
.

v ariatio n s fro m the co mp l e te re dactio n o f the

Som e
Te stam e n ts ha v e b e en i n trod u ced fro m a n u n ci a l m a n u scri p t
in a Misce lla n y o f fift e e n th to si x te e n th ce n t uri e s b e lon gi n g ,
xxx ii T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
to the chie f A rchi ve s of the Mi n istry of For e ign Affa irs at
Moscow a n d i n cl u di n g am o n g other thi n gs a p art of the
,

chro n ogra p her J oh n Ma la l a s .

Tich on ra v ov s work in which the abo v e r e c e n sio n s a re

’

gi v e n is e n title d Pa mj a t n ilei ot r ech en n oi Ra sslcoi Lit er a t a r i

( 2 v ols S t Petersb u rg
.
,
.
,

W R MO RFI LL . . .

9 . THE G RE E K VE RS IO N FO U N D I N Tw o F O RMS a A ND 8 , .
,
.

THEI R R ELATI O N S A ND T HE CHARA CTE RI S TI CS O F T HE I R

R E PRE S E NTATIV E S .

Gree k v ersion is fo u n d in two form s which a re

Th e ,

de n ote d by a n d 8 in this editio n I do n ot ca ll the m

a. , .

r e c e n sion s fo r I ho p e later to p ro v e that these for m s go

,

b a ck to the Hebre w .

a a n d i t s ch a r a c t er is t ics — is r e p r e se n ted by thre e a.

MSS c h i Th e r e la ti o n s o f c h i to e a ch oth e r ma y be
.
,
.

r e p rese n te d as follows ‘

d e riv e d fro m o n e a n d t h e sa me p a re n t bu t are

hi a re ,
1

lat e MSS a n d Show som e Sign s o f a m i x e d a n ce stry Th e se

. .

MSS di ve rge occasio lly rom c th s the y s u pp ort BA S

. n a f u
B I
.

a g a i n st 0 in T Le v iii 8 8 S ag a i n s t 0 A in T Sim i 1 0;
I
. . . . . .
,

8 ( A ) S a g a in st 0 in T Sim v ii 1 ; 8 A S in T Le v
I 1
. . . . .
, ,

v i 3 aga i n st 0 ; B S in T Ze b i x 5 agai n st 0 A h i a re
.
,
. . . .

c o n fl a t e in a fe w i n st a n c e s a n d Show t h e i n fl u e n ce o f 8 , ,
.

O f T Sim i 1 0 ; T J os x 6
. . . . . . . .

1
h is n ot der iv d f
e ro m i, n o r vi ce vers a Ea h c sh o w s i n de p e n d en t v i tiar a o ns

i i ix V I xt
.

a n d o m ss o n s . Se e A pp en d . of m y Te .
xxx i v T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
Gre e k wrot e n 7 w ,
a s
p i Lik e wis e as a n a
,
— rct
‘
Ic v ov .

e m e n dation w e sho u ld e xp lain t h e additio n of M da in a sa

T J u d x v i 2 agai n st all oth e r a u thoriti e s a n d the cha n g e

. . .
,

of i n to e nj i v of '
é
p x t
'

a vv r
'
I 07 2 in T
e B 5 y y e y G U/6
,
6 . . .
, C Ur
'
r v

i n to a 5 0 37 (
(I v
9 o n the
n 6 0gr o u n d of m od e sty
-

) in T J os . .

V ii 3 as also in i v 5 of O Bo l
. i n to O BOX in T .
, La ov La ov .

A s h i 9 of n d w i n to w ép w in T Da n v 1 0 of
' '

a v o a o
.

p .
, . .
,

i n to 8 63 in T Da n v 9 of d Omy e i n to ,
0 12 . .
,
'
vr e ovc

dw e d ev in T Le v x i 7 ( see n ote a n d of w é e e
’
a v a
.
p x . .

i n to p i; 77 6a in T Le v i x 9 in n e arly e v e ry c a s e with
0
,
6 . . .
,

disastrous resu lts A ga i n witho u t a Shadow of au thority .

,

it adds l e da fi/ g v a t the clos e of T J os xv ii 5

’ ’

re a z i a o . . . .

Fi n ally in T Ze b v iii 6 it giv es a m ost u n likely t e x t

, . . .

alo n g with g O n the oth e r ha n d in T J u d V 2 the .

, . . .

words } é which it i n se rts aft e r S i ll y tho u gh n ot

lea . v r ov oc a ,

fo u n d in a n y oth e r Gre e k MS n or in A or S a r e fo u n d .
,

in the Hebr e w Midrash which co n tai n s frag m en ts of the

Te st a m en t ; se e m y Te x t A pp I ( p 2 3 7 l 4 33 1m ,
. . .
, .
,

I n so m e cases it agr e e s with A agai n st a 8 b ,

-

( T Na ph ii 8 n
. . Th u s it is clear th a t thou gh in
.
,
.
, .

m a n y r e s p e cts 6 is a g o od r e p r e se n ta ti v e of the ty p e b d g ,

it would form a n i n secu re fo un dation o n which to c on

str u ct a t e x t .

d This is a m ost i n t e resti n g MS

. I t e x hibits p e c u liar .

r e a din gs o n al m ost e v ery p a ge First of all d is a con fl a t e .

,

te x t This is m a n ifest in the titles of the Testam e n ts

.

where d co m bi n e s the r ea di n gs of an d 8 Su ch c on a ,
.

fl a t ion s a re comm o n in d See T J u d V i 3 ( n . . . . .

T Zeb v iii 6 ( n
. . T J os i v 7 ( n
. x vi 5 n
( . . . . . . .

I n other cases d shows a ffi n iti e s with — thu s in a

T Le v x iii 8 d s u pp orts aga i n st 8 d A S ; with A

“
. . . a ,
-
a

in r e adi n g l whe 8 d r ea d i n T Lev x iii 8

d n o o a , ,
-
. . .
,

a n d by readi n g t h i which 8 d o m in x iv 7 ; a n d with e r, . .

A S in o m itti n g a cla u s e in i x 1 1 A gai n d agr e e s at

“ I
a . .
,
 I N T R O D U CT I O N xxx v

ti m e s with gai n st 6 f T G ad v 9 viii

f a e ga; c ( n . . . . .

1 (n . T A sh i v 2 ( n
. . . I n o n e p a ss a g e T J u d
.
, . .

i x 5 I ha v e ado p t e d w p dn c i n to t h e t e x t o n t h e
.
,
a a a a

te stim o n y o f d A I n a n oth e r p ass a ge T Be nj v i 4 ( n

.
, . . . .

it se e m s to m e to have p re ser v ed t h e origin al t e x t .

Thus d which is n at u ra lly r e lat e d to l) g A Shows m a n y

, ,

traces of the i n flu e n ce of a n d a ef a .

T his is a v e ry corr u p t MS a n d is chiefly re m arkable

g. .

for its o m ission s I t is v e ry clos e ly relat e d to A a n d g A

.
,

occasion ally agr e e aga in st all t h e oth e r au thorities .

W e Shall n o w a tt e m p t to r e p res e n t o n a g e n e alogical

tabl e the a ffi n ities b e tw e e n t h e v ari ou s MSS a n d versio n s : .

In this t a ble all the m a i n con n e ctio n s a re re p re se n ted .

I t fa ils h ow e v e r to e x hibit t h e i n fl u e n ce in so m e ca s e s o f
, ,

v a rious d e sce n da n ts o f 8 on h i , .
xxx vi T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT RIA RCH S

10 . E DI TI O N S O F THE GRE E K VE RS I O N
Grabe , Sp icil eg iu m Pa t r u m 1 O xon . 1 69 8 ; 2nd ed . 1 71 4 .

Th e te x t of t h e Te sta me n ts give n in this e ditio n is

gi ven accor di n g to b bu t i n accurately a n d a few of , ,

t h e v ariatio n s of a a pp e n ded W ith it was p ri n t e d .

Grosse t e ste s Lati n tran sla tion for which two Bodle y
’

MSS w e re used . .
1

F a briciu s ,
Codex p seu dep ig r ap h a s Ve t Tes t a m en t i i Ha m .
, .
,

b u rg 1 71 3 This is Si m p ly a re p ri n t of Gr a b e s te x t
’
.
, .

G a l la n di Bibliot h eca
,
Ve t ar a m P a t r u m ,
i .
,
V e n e t iis, 1 78 8 .

This also is a re p ri n t of Grab e s t e x t ’

.

Si n ker ,
Tes t a m en t a XI I . Pa t r ia r ch a r n m ,
ad fi d em eodicis

Ca n t a hr ig ie n sis ,
e dit a : a cce da n t l ectio n es c od . Oxon ien sis ,

Ca m bridge ha ve h e r e a m ost a ccu ra te

,
1 8 69 . We
re p rodu ctio n of b but w e can n ot s pe a k so well of the ,

coll a ti o n of a which is gi ve n in the foot n otes This .

co n tai n s m an y s e riou s e rrors .

Tes t a m en t a X I I Pa t r ia rch a r a m . App en dix c on t a in

t h e Rom a n a n d P a t mos MSS a n d
i ng a Col l a tion o
f .

Bi bli ogr ap hica l Not es Ca m bridge , ,

1 8 79 . Thes e are
the MSS d e n oted by
. the p re sen t edition Th e c i
g n .

collatio n o f c was m ade for Dr Si n k e r by Gu idi a n d .

,

is o n t h e whol e a ccu ra t e ly d on e I ha ve disco ve red .

so m e errors throu gh t h e p hotogra phic r e p rod u ctio n

which I had e xe cu t e d for m e in t h e Va tican O n .

p 4 Dr Si n k e r has e xp ress e d t h e con v ictio n that in

. .

a n y fu t u re critic a l r e v isio n o f t h e t e x t the Ca m bridge

MS m u st for m t h e b a sis
. I) is u n do u bt e dly a val u .

a bl e MS bu t it c a n n e v e r a g a i n e n joy this disti n ctio n

, .

1
Th e act l c p y th t G
ua
“
o a ra be s en t t o t he p r e ss is p r e se r v ed in Q ue en
’
s

Coll ege , O xf d ( N
or S Si o . ee n ke r, p ix
. .
 I N T R O D U CT IO N xxxv ii

11 . MO DE RN TRA N S LATI O N S
1
O F T HE G REE K VE RS I O N
I n to E n glish . W histon ,
Coll ec t ion o f A a t h en t iek R ecor ds
bel ong ing t o t h e Ol d and New Tes t a m en t ,
1 72 7 ,
i .

294 39 9 .

xx ii
Si n ker , A n t e Nicen e Ch r is t i a n Li br a ry 1 8 71 ,
-
, .

1 3 79 This is a n ad m irable p i e c e o f tra n slatio n

-
.

base d on Si n ker s t e x t Th e p resen t e ditor has fo un d ’

.

it of gr e a t ser v ice .

I n to G e r m a A n o n y m o u s A ch t e ap oleryp his e h e Bu ch er
n .
,
e

d er h eilig en Sch r if t w elch e , n och a u ss er d er Bibel '

vor

h a n de n s in d . Tiibin ge n , 1 8 57 .

Sch n a pp in Ka u t z sc h Ap okryp h en a nd Psen dep i

’
s

g ra
p h e n, ii 4 58 506 This
1 9 00, tra n slatio n is .
-
.

bas e d on Sin k e r s tex t Th e tran sla tion foll ows the ’

.

lin es of his ow n brochure p u blished in 1 8 8 4 But .

gr e at a d va n c e s ha v e b e e n m a d e Sin ce that d a t e o f ,

which v ery little n otice is taken in this tran slatio n .

F rom the stan d p oi n t o f o u r p re s e n t critical k n owledge

this tr a n slatio n is alr e a dy an tiqu ated Furth e r fro m .
,

what I ha v e Show n in 1 3 1 4 it is cl e ar that in a v e ry , ,

large n u m b e r of p assages the Gre e k c a n n ot be tra n s

lated un l e ss thro u gh retran slation i n to H e br e w Yet .

Sch n a pp ( p 4 59 ) writes that n o cer t ai n p roof of a

.

H e br e w origin a l ca n be o ffer e d a n d su stain s this ,

a ss e rtio n by r e fe rri n g to Dil l m a n n in Ewald s J a h r bb

’
.

der bi bl W iss en sch iii 9 1 39 9

. Bou sse t ( Z f i tr NT . . . .

l ich e W issen sch af t 1 9 00 pp 1 4 2 1 4 3 ) criticis e s this , , .

-

tran slatio n v ery s e v ere ly a n d with j u stice , .

1
On t he ti i t E gl i h m d f m G t t
n u m er o u s e a rl eri t ran sl a on s n o n s a e ro rosse e s e s
’

L ti v i Si k Ap p di pp 1 1 1 4 i t F ch ibid pp 1 5 1 6 ; ’
a n e rs o n , se e n er s en x, -
n o r en -

i D tc h Fl m i h D i h I c l d ic d B h mi
. .

ibid pp 1 6 1 8
.
,

G m
er an , l -
a so n u e s an s e an an o e an ,

th i ch t l ti m d
.
,

ibid pp 1 8 2 3
.
, , ,

S f I m w
-
F o ar as a a a re , e re s no r en ra n s a on a e

d i ctl y f m t h G th t i Mig ( Di t i i d Ap c yp h i 8 54
. . .

re k
ro e re e as a n ne c on n a r e es o r es ,

p i t f th t m d b y M é i 1 71 3 ( ibid p 1 5) f m t h L ti
.
,

9 35) i m sly e re a re r n o a a e as n . . ro e a n.
x viii
xx T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S

12 . CRITI CAL I N Q U I RIE S

Before gi v in g a Sim p le e n um e ratio n of these critical

st u di e s it will be well to in dicate t h e ele me n ts in th e m
,

which ha v e led to such co n flicti n g co n clusio n s o n the p art of

scholars .

Th e m ai n body o f the Test a m e n ts co ul d n ot ha v e be e n

written by a n y other than a J ew of the Pharisa ic school ; for
the gre ater part of its stat e m e n ts refer e n ces a n d allu sio n s ca n
, ,

n o t be u n derstood u n l e ss fro m a k n owledg e of t h e Tal m u d

, ,

Targu m s a n d Midrashi m a n d the history o f p re Christia n

, ,
-

J udaism O n the oth e r ha n d the te x t c on tain s a con sider

.
,

able n um ber o f p ro p h e ci e s r e lati n g to the Messiah which

ha v e u n doubt e dly s p ru n g fro m a Christian source Th e .

p roble m there fore be fore scholars was shortly : they had

, ,

her e a work o f co n siderable e x te n t which with the e x ce p , ,

tion of som e twen ty claus e s was thorou ghly J ewish in ,

thought a n d idio m These clause s w e re of Christia n

.

origi n a n d m ai n ly of a P a tri p assia n c h aracter

, .

To accou n t for these co n flicti n g J e wish a n d Christi a n

ele m e n ts Grabe ( Sp icil Pa t ru m 1 71 4 i 1 2 9 1 4 4 3 3 5
, .
, ,
.
-
,

3 74 ) sugg e sted that the book was writt e n by a J ew a n d ,

s u bse que n tly in terp olated by a Christian This hy p othesis .

,

howev er was for t h e ti m e so s u ccessfu lly com bated by

,

Corrodi ( Kr it O esch d es Ch ilia sm it s ii 1 01

. . that , .

m ost s u bse q u e n t writers s u ch as N it z sch Liick e Rit sch l

, , , ,

Hilge n fe l d Dil l m a n n a n d Si n ker ha v e p ractica lly ig n ore d

, ,

the qu estio n of the i n t e grity of the book a n d co n fi n ed ,

th e m sel ve s m a i n ly to t h e disc u ssio n of its religious a n d

n atio n al a ffi n iti e s .

To Show the ho p el e ss co n fusion i n to which criticis m was

p lun ged by rejectin g the hy p oth e sis of Grabe w e Sh a ll ,

n otice Shortly the co n flicti n g v iews ad va n c e d by the v ario u s

studen ts of our book Nit z sch ( De Test X I I Pa tr libr o

. . . .
 I N T R O D U CT I O N xxx i x

V T . Ps eu d d e scrib e s t h e a u thor as a J ewish

,
1 8 1 0)
Christi a n o f A l e x a n dria who had i m bib ed m a n y of t h e
Ess e n e doctrin e s that wer e th e n cu rr e n t Rit schl ( E n t s t eh . .

d er a l tlca t h ol Xir eh e 3 2 2 . assign s the b o ok to a G e n til e

,

Christi a n a pp e ali n g p ri n ci p ally to T Be nj x i ( a Christia n

,
. . .

i n t e r p ol a tio n ) Rit sch l s Vie w w a s vigoro u sly a ssa ile d by

.
’

Ka ys e r who a vaili n g hi m s e lf larg e ly o f t h e th e ory o f i n t e r

, ,

a t ion ascrib e d t h e b ook to Ebio n it ic circl e s K ays er s

’

p ol ,
.

tre a tis e was in t u r n e x a m i n e d by V o r s t m a n ( De Tes t X I I . .

P a tr or ig i n e e t p r et io
. who a ft e r a d e ta il e d criticis m
, ,

o f Kays e r co n cl u d e d that t h e Te sta m e n ts Showed n o trac e

,

o f Ebio n is m bu t w e re t h e work o f a G e n tile Christia n

,
.

H a rdly h a d V ors t m a n th u s vi n dicat e d t h e v ie w of Rit sch l ,

wh e n t h e s e co n d e ditio n of Rit sc h l s work a pp ear e d in ’

which ( pp 1 72 1 77) his forme r co n t e n tion was aba n do n e d

.
-
,

and t h e th e ory o f a Na z ar e n e a u thorshi p a dv oca ted .

Rit sc h l s first v i e w how e ve r has r e c e iv ed t h e co n tin u e d

’

, ,

su pp ort o f Hil ge n fe l d whil e La n g e n a n d Si n k e r hold fa st

,

t o t h e th e ory o f a J e wish Christia n a u thorshi p .

I f there w e r e n o oth e r m ethods of d e t e r m i n i n g t h e

q u e stion s of a u thorshi p a n d date tha n those p u rs ue d by
N it z sch a n d his s u cce ssors fi n a lity or e ve n p rogress in s u ch ,

m att e rs wo u ld be a Sh e e r i m p ossibility A t l a st the criticis m .

of t h e book was lift e d ou t t h e r e gion of fruitle ss logo m achies

by Sch n a pp ( Die Tes t der X I I Pa t r u n t er su ch t . . .
,

who r e vi ve d Grabe s hy p oth e sis o f Christian i n t e rp olation

’

bu t d e v e lo p e d it to ill e giti m at e e x tr e m e s Rece n t re se a rch .

has n o tabl y c o n firm ed Gra b e s hy p oth e sis ; for Con ybe a re s ’ ’

article s in the with his collatio n of som e o f t h e

A r m e n ia n MSS p ro ve s that wh e n the A rm e n ia n ve rsio n
, ,

w a s m ade t h e Gree k te x t was f ree f ro m s e v e ral of t h e

,

Christia n i n t e rp olati o n s This s u bj e ct has b ee n fur ther

.

p rosecu t e d by Pr e u sc h e n a n d p articu l a rly by Bo u ss e t in ,

t he Z .
f . NTlich e W iss en sch af t ,
1 9 00, 1 4 1 1 75-
. In
xl T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
the p res e n t e ditio n these critical q ue stion s a re discu ss e d af ter
a n e x ha u sti v e e x a m i n atio n o f the doc u m e n tary e v id e n c e .

Th e f ollowi n g is a list o f critical i n q u iri e s o n the

Te stam e n ts :
Grab e in his e dition Sp ieileg i 1 2 9 1 4 4 3 3 5 3 74
, , . .
-
,
-
.

Corrodi Kr i t isch e Geschich t e des Ch ilia smu s ii 1 01 1 1 0

, ,
.
-
.

K J N it z sch Commen t a t io cr it ica d e Tes t a men t is X I I

. .
,

P a t ia rch a r n m libr o V T p s en d ep ig r ap h o W itte n b e rg

r , .
, ,

1810 .

W i e s e l e r Die 70 W och en
,
a nd die 6 3 J a hr w och en d es Pr o

p h e t e n Da n i el ,
1 8 39 ,
226 8 99 .

“
LII ck e ,
E in leit u ng in die Ofi en ba r u ng J oh a n n is ,
1 8 52 ,

3 34 3 3 7 -
.

Dorn er E n tw ickela ng sg es chich t e d er Leh r e

, v on d er P erson
Ch ris ti, i . 2 54 2 6 4
-
.

Rit sc h l ,
Die E n s t eh u ng d er a l t lca t h ol . Kirch e ,
l st cd .
,

32 2 2nd ed . 1 8 57 1 72 1 77 ,
-
.

Kayser ,
“
Die Te st de r X I I . . Patr . in t h e Beitr a g e cu d en
t h eologisch en W issen sch af t en ,
e dit e d by R e u ss and

Cu n it z , 1 8 51 , iii . 1 07 1 4 0
-
.

V ors t m a n Disqu isit io d e Tes t a m en t or n m X I I P a t r ia rch a r a m

, .

or ig i n e e t p r e t ia Rotterda m 1 8 57 , , .

Hilge n fe ld ,
Z eitsch r if t f ar w issen sch af t l . Th eol .
,
1 8 58 ,
39 5 1 8 71 , 3 02 3 99 .

V an He n ge] De Te stam e n t e n de r tw a al f Patriarche n o p

,
“

n i e u w ter s p rak e
”
g e bra g t ( Godg eleer d e Bij d r a g en d 8 6 0
Ewald Geschich t e d es Volkes I sr a el v iii 3 63 3 6 9
,
3
, .
-
.

La n ge n Da s J u d en th a m in P a la estin a 1 8 6 9 pp 1 4 0 1 57
, , , .
-
.

Si n k e r in his e ditio n .

G eige r J a dis ch e Z ei t sch r if t f a r W issen seh a n d Leben 1 8 6 9

,
.
, ,

1 1 6 1 35 ; 1 8 71 , 1 2 3 1 2 5
- -
.

R On sch , Book o f J u bile es, 1 8 74 , pp . 3 2 5 33 1 -

.

Dill m a n n A rt , . Pse u de pigra p he n in H e rzog s Iiea l ’ ’

-
E n cg c .
2

x ii . 3 6 1 3 62 -
.
x lii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S

13 . THE G RE E K VE RS IO N A TRA N S LA TIO N FRO M

T HE H E BRE W — H

A p art fro m Gra b e n o n ot a ble scholar has a d v ocated a ,

H e bre w origi n al till withi n the la st d e cade E ve n Gr a be .

,

th ou gh h e d e clare d for a H e bre w origi n al adva n ce d n o ,

li n guistic arg um en ts in s u pp ort of his co n t e n tion I t is .

r e markabl e th a t such a n e m in e n t critic as Dil lm a n n co u ld

writ e ( Herz og I teezl x ii Si n c e t h e p u blica
'

*
.
,

ti o n of Nit z sch s study a ll a re agre e d th a t t h e book is n o t a

’

tra n slation bu t w a s origin ally writte n in Gre e k

,
Th e .
.

j u dgm e n t of Dr Sin k e r is still m o r e p ron ou n ced ( Tes t X I I

. . .

P a tr p Th e Te st a m e n ts in th e ir p rese n t form wer e

“
. .

n o do u bt writt e n in t h e Hell e n istic Gr e ek in which w e ,

n ow p oss e ss them p re s e n ti n g a s th e y do n o n e of t h e ,

pe cu liar m arks which ch a ract erise a ve rsio n W h e ther th e re .

was a H e bre w work o n which t h e p re se n t was m od e ll e d a , ,

s u pp ositio n by n o m e a n s i m p robable in its e lf w e ca n n ot ,

tell n or is it a m a tter of m u ch i m p ortan ce

, .

To two J e wish scholars Kohl e r a n d Gast e r withi n t h e

1
, ,

last fo u rt e en y e a rs belon gs t h e ho n o u r of reo p e n in g t h e

qu estio n of t h e H e brew origi n a l o f t h e Te st a me n ts O n ly .

G ast e r how e v er h a s o ffe r e d a n y li n g u istic e v id e n c e

2
, , Bu t .

his article on t h e qu e stio n tho ugh it co n tain s a fe w ,

e x c e ll e n t p oin ts fa ile d to e stablish his th e sis Shortly

,
.

a fte r the a bo ve articl e s were writt e n the p re se n t e di tor

began his st u dy o f t h e Te s t a m e n ts in t h e co urse o f which ,

h e early ca m e to t h e co n cl u sio n which h e se t f orth l a t e r in

the E n eyel op cedia Biblica ( i 2 4 1 th a t t h e bulk of .
,

this work was writt e n b e fore 1 00 B C th e re in co n firm i n g . .

,

a n e arlier S p e c ul atio n o f K o hl e r Si n ce that dat e a close .

1
J Q R 1 8 9 3 v 400 406 -

Th H b w t x t f f th T t m t f t h XI I P t i c h
. .
. .
, .

2
(P
“
e e re e o on e o e es a en s o e . a r ar s ro

ceedin g s o f t h e Societ y o f Bibl . A r chee ol og y, De c . 1 8 9 3, J a n .

 I N T RO DU CT I O N x liii
e x am in atio n of the Gree k t e x t h a s bro u ght to light a
n u m b e r o f fa cts that p ut the q u e stio n of a H e br e w origi n al

b e yon d t h e p ossibility o f qu e stion Th e r e s u lts o f this .

e x a m in ati on will n o w be p la ce d befor e t h e re a de r who will ,

fi n d a fu ll e r stat e m e n t of the e v ide n ce in t h e I n trod u ctio n

to m y Te x t .

I . Hebr ew con s tr u ct ion s a n d ex

p r e s s io n s a re t o be fou n d on

e very p g a e . Th ou g h t h e v oca bu l a r y is Cr eek, t h e idiom

is f r equ e n t ly He br a ic a nd
f or eig n t o t h e g en iu s f
o t he

Gr eek la ng u a g e .

T . Re u b iii . . 8 , (r m/ t rim 7 3
9 v 6u93 = 71 3 1 h 3 13 iv . 6 ,

D11 37 N53
'
3é
~

mix €12 i Vi f eh e fa w
’
1 1 , 51/
‘

ca t
A
p c)
‘
a 1 7 w . . e

1 71 3 ‘3 .

T . Sim . iv . 4 , j ydvrno e
r r '
’

[ te
. 7 029 d geh gt o ie u ov
, (a )
‘
T m Dr “
D U N,
“
lo ve d me as he did my broth e rs .
”
So

BA ,
which re a d ( be 7 0 0? dh h o v s CIOGACIDO US ‘ ‘
. V . 4, A e vi
d 5uc7j a o ua e = wj 3 V . 5 , o ) f 3vmj a o v7 a e A ev i
153 ‘
NB . Th e sa m e H e brais m rec u rs in T . I SS .

iv . 4 , T Da n . v . 4 .

T Ju d
. v ii . a n ume r
1 , OXAO C B a
p i i e (h i 8 ) , 1 3)

ous host 75 i— this u tt e rly

’
6a 6
’
xx 4
’ ’

w a
-
v . .
, e 0 0 7 ea z noz

un i n t e lligible phrase b e com e s at o n ce cle a r o n r e tra n slatio n .

Th u s it o n his v e ry h e art
’
fl ew
’
xxi 5 . .
, ea i

7 d
p n e§ a v 3
a 1 7 o i3 Sun . X XV 1 , Sfa pxo e G le nn
mum mu ,chi e fs of the tribes x xv 2, . > 7§
7 v <i
p
which in the te x t m ean s Ede n .

T I ss 7 jp w a e v e u SST D”
’
f ( B)
’
. . V .
, e leh w el / 7 0 9 2 O TI .

TGad ii 2 w p o a é/ m ms m m I IEJDWU
'
i s
' '
‘
. .
, v u
,
a o ,

I hat e d h im still m or e .

T A sh iii 1 6 06 59 d
. . mie u e is .
( B A S ) , uan z n
1

p a D U SN God hath His habit a tio n ther e i n

“
7
: 3 r ‘
, .

T J 08 ii 3 éB m p
’ ’ C ‘
. . Op Q is i t p/
. 9 é
, i a e ee o IC tO s o x7 i o z2
'
va n t o v
'

1
35 7 a m n 9 n i s in ) ( of Da n i gra n ted m e t o fi n d
‘ i - ‘
. . .
x l iv T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
m ercy in the sight of . X ii . 3, 77 0 770 01) 5 a i no fi x
p la w
'

I DS? ZODIDD 71 ml} .

Be n j 531 ép o i = 13 tl7n
’ ’ ’
T . . X . 1 1, Ica 7 o ucno e 7 e
’
3
( 77 61 77 . ev

‘
3 y Shall dw e ll s e curely with m e
e Th e sa m e .

m isre n d e ri n g is foun d in the L XX of Ez e k xxv iii 2 6 ; . .

xxx iv 2 8 e t c .
,
.

II . Dit t og r ap h ic r en d er in
g s i n t h e Cr eek o f th e sa m e Hebrew
exp r ession ; a ls o dit t og r ap hie exp r essio n s in t h e Gr eek
imp lyi n g dit t og r ap h s in t h e He br ew .

T . iii 5 i 0 Ica 7 u n l 9
Na p h . 7 df 9 .
, t n
-
o c 0 a
'

d o t/cm v is a clear i n st a n ce of dittogra p hy

o Se e n ote in .

I n V i 2 ( 8 A S ) t h e im p ossible # 7 01 7 p t xw 6x 7 09
1 ’
too . .
,
60 2 a v

é w h a s arise n fro m a dittogra p h in t h e H e brew ; f or

’

va v7

i
p x w = D TIWBD
7 a NS O a c o rr u p todittogra p h of ‘ ‘

N53
‘
m 09
’
n‘n e le 7 v a v7 éiv .

A v e ry n otable dittograp h occu rs in T . Na ph . v iii . 4, 6 .

4 Bw.
’ A
Ka i { mw p y i n O
e
‘
0 2 1/
3
e e
’
r
c o
'
a
'
e 7 o xa h o v,
I

X w
A O w '
f 9 "
rro o [Ca t
Q X
ev 9 o
yn a o va vua 0t a v
p 06 a e O L,
r r
, yy
'
29 éOz/ e a w 3 i m
’

i 0 . 6 09 So fa o On
’
Ka . o eT a t
' '
ev 7 0 a m, '

,
t 6 Bea Bo h o s ¢ e r§ § e 7 a t d d)
/
‘
[c a .

Dea l 7 0 Onpia (,5a 675 .0 0227 0 1 { mag . ,

1

[ca t
Q K0 v
9
t o s et a/ 0.77 770 6 1. vua s,
I Q A
p
Q
i t d D
[ Ka y yek o z d vdéfo vn a rby ]
0 ' r . u

6 T012 5%un)
.
,
7r0Lo i3v 7 a . 7 0Ie d k dv ,

C Q ”
Ica 7 a
p a a o v7 a t a v 7 o v [Ca t 06 d y yek o e
r r
Ka i 0t a v Opw rro t ,
[ca t
f

0 @ 6 09 d OO Eno et
l '

eu
’ A 3
’

[e a t
t
0 5t a Bo K09
r
O i lc et o
Av 7 a t a v7 o v
a
mg
c ”
O
L LO V a c v o c, v e
A
[ea t n ew
R

Onp t o v
I
Ica 7 a /c v t ev0 et
'

57 9)
A
p c1

Kvp i o c
c I I a I
uw
'

[ca t 0 o et a v7 o v
, n .

Here if we com p are v er 6 with v e r 4 we see that the

, . .
,

s ix li n e s in v er 6 corres p o n d li n e for li n e with t h e first Six

.

in v er 4 Th e s e v e n th li n e in v er 4 is th u s a g a i n st the
. . .

structure o f the sta nza I t is also agai n st the p arallelis m . .

 I N T R O D U CT IO N x lv

On retra n slatio n i n to H e bre w w e fi n d th a t this s e v e n th lin e

Darn1 w cam-29m which is a dittogra p h o f t h e p r e ce di n g
-
,

'
lin e m um n n am s i
.

F or other in sta n ce s se e I n trod . to m y Te x t ,

12 .

III . Pa r on om a si a c w h ich are l os t in Gr eek ca n be r es t or ed

by r e t r a n sl a tion in to He br ew .

reco v er a dozen or m ore of these by re t ra n sla

W e ca n

tio n t h e m ost of the m hav i n g to do with t h e n am e s of the

,

pa triarchs Se e n ot e s on T Sim ii 2 T Le v v i 1 x i 2
. . . . . . .
, .
,

5 6 7 8 ; T J u d i 3 ; T I ss i 1 5 v 8 ; T Zeb i 3
, ,
. . . . . .
, . . . .
,

I I I 3 ; T Na p h i 6 1 2 ; T A s h i 2
. . 9 ; T Be n j i 6 . .
,
. . .
, . . . .

IV . Ma ny p a ssa g es w h ich a re o bscu r e or w h ol ly u n in t el li

g ibl e i n t h e Cr eek becom e cl e a r on r e t r a n s la t i on in t o

Hebr ew .

In T . Le v ii
p e cu liar e xp ression 28
. . 7 we hav e t he 6 0 22

M p p d/ He r e p / d/ W hich
)
?e
6 ( 770 x e t e vo v a x e i t e v o v,

is s u r e ly im p ossibl e r pm which s e em s corr u p t for s m : ,

‘
,
u

or 93 or r a th e r K i 7 0 m p Du a . 7 a s(
/
ct .

Th e fi rm a m e n t or r a qia is act u a lly t h e n am e of t h e seco n d

h e a v e n in t h e Tal m u dic accou n t o f t h e Se ve n He a ve n s
( Chag 1 2 )
b
. .

I n T Le v ii 8 ( 8 A ) t h e secon d h e a v e n is said to be
3 . . . a ,

bright e r tha the first 3 y p K i n 6 mi ; d p , 7 12 r

‘
ez a 12 n n et ov .

This is absu rd Th e gre a ter bright n ess o f the s e co n d

.

h e a ve n can o t be du e to its gr e a t e r lo fti n e ss Th e e rror is

n .

i n 5 9 This w o r d = n 31
’
0 . corru p t for r un = ¢ é39 or ,

h u s t h e bright n e ss o f t h e s e co n d h e a v e is
/
(
b 77
e 9 T 0 . d u e n

to t h e bo u n dless light am p ) in it This light ou .

m a y ha ve b e e n p hysical if w e m a y ado p t t h e Ta l m u dic ,

v ie w th a t t h e s u n m oo a d stars w e re in t h e seco n d ,
n, n

hea v e ( Chag n .

I T J ud i x 3 j p bs bp E ip K i b ‘ ‘
’
n ve /c et t cr
p eu a n o ev
-
. .
.
, ,
xl vi T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T RIA R CH S
u
,
/ os
ez
’
eu
’

( B A v o vt pap
S ) Th e words te t dn éda ve v
I
. a

d éOvr v a re o m itted by
a z/ e as u n in telligibl e A comp arison a .

o f the Midrash W aj j issa u shows that t h e cl a u se b e l o n gs to

the origin al a n d giv e s wh e re the Gre ek has d

p s ve x
‘
.

Now v p s 71 93 3 a corru p tio n o f the forme r

e , .

I n T Da n . V . 6, ‘

j bw a x o zio o vn u
' '
w a pe Bp e zie w 7 029 v o s i i
A c ui Here will ob e y with a v ie w to att e n din g co n stan tly
on can n ot be right ; b a x i v a i = i 3 ui7p3 corrup t for vr oz a o 7

h m will co n s p ire
’

p
‘ .

t 01/ Od va 7 o v 5 a ia ww s ( an ) fdva
’
T A sh 2, ‘ ‘

. . V . [ca 7 7

u
,
éve t his ve rs e om itti n g t h e i n terp olatio n s r un s
. T , ,

De ath succ e e de t h to li fe n ight to day a n d dark n ess to , ,

light ; wh e refore also e t e rn al li fe f a w a it e t h death Th e .

”

last cla u s e is abs u rd H ere too we e xp ect the ide a of .

, ,

succ e ssion a s in t h e p re ce din g cla use s I sugge st that the .

origin al was WDWP DSW U 71 me n ITTN e d 0 6dv

‘
v
“ “
,
u 7 7 v a 7o

i { } d d but that this was corr u p ted i n to

5
’

7 i
a t s a v o h e i an xo ov ,

m y cu i s m “
n b m un m 2 .

T . J os x i 7 én h wj dvve v
. .
,
’

eu i
xpy pc ma t
-
o

Ka t ( )
a B A S
I
o m it Ka i
. as un n e i t lligible . Bu t
'
ép yar which t h e tra n sl a tor r ea d as W 133: bu t which
h e Sho u ld ha v e r e ad as hou s e hold s e r v an ts Th e .

e n tir e cl a u se is f o u n d in the H e brew T Na p h i 3 ( se e m y ,

. . .

Te x t p ,
.

Fo r m a n y other lik e i n sta n ce s se e I n trod to m y Te x t , .

,

12 .

all the abo v e cas e s w e h a ve dealt on ly with cor

In
rup t ion s in t h e te x t wh e re there w a s n o di v e rg en ce a m o n g ,

the MSS or v ersio n s Yet t h e bul k of t h e re storation s is

. .

so ob v io u s that w e m ight t a ke a s p ro v en o ur co n ten tio n

,

witho u t fu rth e r e v ide n ce A n d yet t h e stron ge st e v id e n c e .

is still to c om e I n the n e x t s e ction we shall discu ss o n ly

.

thos e p assa ge s in t h e te x t wh e re t h e MSS a n d ve rsio n s .

attest di ffe ren t tex ts stan din g ge n erally in opp ositio n to ,

a
 I NT R O D U CT I O N x l v ii
8 AS
,
. v id e n ce th u s forthcom i g w e
By m e a n s of t he e n

ho p e to ad v an ce a stage furth e r tha n w e hav e ye t r e a ch e d ,

a d t o p ro v e n o t o n ly th a t o u r bo o k is d e ri v e d fro m a H e br e w
n

origi n a l bu t that lso the Hebre w e x iste d i two r e ce sio s

,
a n n n ,

H a n d H a n d that
“ “ a d 8 did n o t origi a t e i t h e
,
a n ,
n n

Gree k bu t a re d e riv e d r e s p e ctiv e ly from H a n d H “

,
“
.

14 . a A ND B VE D RE S PE CTIVE LY FRO M Tw o LO S T
DE RI

H E BRE W R E CE N S I O N S H AND H “ TA BLE OF ,

“
.

A FFI NI TY O F A LL THE TE X T U AL A U THO RI TI E S .

B a re not strictly Sp eakin g Gre ek r e ce n sio n s for

a. a n d , , ,

th e ir chi e f varia ti o n s did n o t origi n at e in the Gre e k bu t go ,

b a ck to dive rs e fo rm s of t e x t a lr e a dy e x istin g in the

Hebr e w which e de ot e s H
w n
,
a a n d H “ O f th e s e two “
.

re ce sio s H
n n a n d H so m e tim e s on e give s the corre ct t e x t
“
,
“
, ,

so m e tim e s the oth e r W hilst th e re fore it is b e st to p ri n t .

, ,

a a n d add the m a i n v ari a tio n s o f B in t h e m argi n the ,

tra n sla tor will follo w a di ffe re n t co u rse a n d ado p t n ow , a ,

n o w B a s his t e x t ,
O n ly a fe w o f t h e chi e f i n sta n c e s will
.

be gi ve n Th e varia n ts will be u n de rli n e d

. .

T Be nj x ii 2 ( ) E qwidn ( B A S ) A
’
I ’ ’
. . . d a , /co vr e a ve

{577 12 9) ICCLA
QO yfip e t h cB
.
r Ica .
‘

Here H ( i e B A S ) is u n dou bt e dly right 71 3 120 ”T h u

“ . .
I
, .

In H n 3 iD was corr u p t e d i n t o Th e sa m e
“
‘

corru p tion was p res e n t in both H a n d H in T Z e b x 6

“ “ '

. . .

T Da n v ii 1 ( c) ; T A sh v iii 1 ; T J os x x 4
. . wh e re as . . . . . .
'

b o th H e bre w r ec e n sio n s w e r e right in T I ss V 1 1 9 I n . . . .

t h e lat e H e bre w T Na p h i 1 t h e corr e ct H e br e w p hr a s e ,

. . .
,

is foun d Se e m y Te x t A pp e n di x I I p 2 3 9
.
, . . .

(B A S ) H p / O Z
I
T A sh V i 6 ( ) E i ct ép t
. . . 3 01 a , a e a a i v e 7 a t a 1 7 /

59 { v gu m
’
t 022
"

ia
' ’
ci / 7 € a wt o v . eu .

Here H is right “
an d n ot H “
. Th e an ge l of p e ace con
x l v iii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
d u cts t h e good so u l i n to eter n a l life H e r e gt p mm
’ ’
. e t cr e et ,

which in H“ was corr up t e d in to DTIJ n p / d h t Th e ‘

‘ a a Lv e a .

t e x t o f H I S co n firm ed by T Be n j v i 1 which re a ds 6 y p
“
. . .
,
r
‘
ct

d'yy eh o 9r 77 9 3 e lprj vm 05177 6 2 \r v[ xiyv a 1 7 o 3 i) .

T . Re u b i v . . 1 ( ) a MO X ( B ) M0X600u7 6 9 e z/
’ ’
épryo w rea l
d vr o vrk a vcbju e vo t
'

ip s/ 01 9 d
’
3
( 1! Z . Ica k ols ‘
eu yp ft
r

t
’
a o w w
' '

p ua O
p
r
[c a ev
yp a .
,
.

Her e which is in p a rt s u pp ort e d by A is right a n d

a , , ,

corr upt m which m

’
é
’

B p y 9 h i9 .D W 0 3 2
7 9 7
3 3 ev o f D u r
ot Ica o ‘ ‘
,
‘ ‘

w a s corr u p t e d i n to D j tpi K i d bp
'‘
O r Ic h 9
'

h c ‘
a , vro rr a vc e vo . a ot

m a y be a r e n d e ri n g o f D 3 1 Lo which in H was corr u p ted

“ ‘
,

i n to D EDDW K i dw k d p o
‘
a on a v e vo .

T Gad V 4 ( ) O ¢ 6B 9 4) m
I
(
‘ ‘
. .
B A S ) 0 a 0 0 0 o 7 0 60
A
6 1) m m
A 3 A uw
A e u ci t/ 7 0 vt /e 7 o
'
09
60 0
9 .

q .
,
.

H e r e the co n t e x t s u pp orts BA S 1
. H re a d“ ‘
mm ‘

1mm : corru p t for mu ms 7 0 which

sto o d in H “ .

T Be nj X 4 ( A ) K
I
. .X j d . a , a Ta e i a vr va) . S ) At , a /e w .

Here H was w arp a n d w a s n o do u bt right I t is

“
, .

fo un d in t h e lat e H e brew T Na p h i 3 r m m I n . . .
,
p ‘ .

H this word was corr u p te d in to

“ or m m .

Th e abo v e i n sta n c e s a re s u ffici e n t to e stablish t h e e x ist

e n ce of t w o distin ct ty p e s o f t e x t in the H e bre w—H “
,

H “ For o v e r thirty oth e r passa ge s in t h e Te stam e n ts

.
,

wh e re the va ri a tion s b e tw ee n a n d B i e H a n d H“ p ostu a , . .

“
,

l a t e t h e S a m e co n cl u sion se e I n trod to m y Te x t 1 2 , .
,
.

From the e v id e n ce addu ce d ther e which co ul d e a sily be ,

a dd e d to w e co n clu de th e re for e that th e re e x iste d two

, , ,

rece n sio n s of t h e origi n al He bre w which we hav e alr e ady ,

d e sig t e d as H
n a a n d H “ Th e se r e c e n sio n s di ffer e d fr o m
“
.

e a ch oth e r chi e fly in words a n d p hras e s a s w e g a th e r fro m ,

a a n d B in t h e Gr e e k v ersio n s Notwithsta n din g the m a n y .

l T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
H( H E B RE W A RCH E TYP E )

—
l“
H a

( l st H e bre w Recens ion ) H (2 n d H ebrew R

e cen sion )
I
[3

1 5 DATE
. O F THE O RI GI N A L H E BRE W

Now that w e recog n is e that t h e Te stam e n ts were written

in H e br e w a n d by a Pharis e e it will n o t be diffi cu lt to ,

determ in e their dat e .

1 T Na ph v 8 p oi n ts to a p eriod b e fore the i n t er

. . . .

v e n t ion o f Ro m e in the a ffairs of P a l e sti n e ; for the last

’

foreig n p eo p le to which I sra e l is to be s u bj e ct accordi n g to ,

this v ers e is the Syria n s Th u s t h e tim e m ust be earli e r

,
.

tha n that of t h e lat e r Ma cca bees .

2 A gai n t h e e schatology is decidedly that of the

.
,
 I N T R O D U CT I O N 1i

s e con d c en tury B C ; for t h e righteou s rise to shar e in a

. .

Me ssia n ic ki n gdom o n t h e p res e n t e a rth .

3 Bu t th e re a re d e fi n it e m ea n s o f d e t e r m i n i n g t h e dat e
. .

Th u s Re u b e n ( T R e u b v 1 0 1 1 ) adm o n ishes his so n s :

. . .
-

Draw ye n e a r to L e v i in h u m bl e n e ss of h e art that ye m a y ,

r e ce iv e a ble ssi n g from his m o n t h b e ca u se h im hath

the Lord chos e n to be kin g o v e r all t h e n atio n H e re a .

high p riest who is also ki n g is r e ferr e d t o Su ch a com .

bi n ation o f o mce s n atu rally m a k e s u s thi n k of t h e Macca

b e an p riest kin gs of the secon d ce n t u ry B C Moreo v er t h e
-
. .
,

p ossibili ty of doubtin g this r e feren ce is e x cl u d e d by the

words that i mm e dia t e ly follow : A n d bow down b e fore his
s e ed ; for on our behalf it shall die in wars v isible a n d
i n v isibl e A gai n in T Sim v 5 w e fi n d that L e v i is to
.
, . .

wa ge the war of t h e Lord Th u s t h e high p ri e st is n o t

.

o n ly to be high p rie st a n d ci v il ru ler bu t also a warrior ,

.

I n deed Le v i is p ro v id e d with Sp e ci a l arm o u r by a n a n g e l

,

for his work o f con qu e st ( T Lev v That the Macca

. . .

b e an high p ri e sts are h e re d e sign ed ca n n ot be re ason ably

d o u bted .Bu t if we p u rs u e t h e r e fere n ces on this s u bject ,

fu rth e r m arks a n d toke n s of this p rie stly dyn asty com e to

light Thus it is said that this p riesthood shall be calle d
.

by a n e w n am e ( T Le v v iii . Now t h e Macca b e a n

. .
,

high p rie sts w e re t h e first J e wish p rie sts to assu m e t h e

title p riests of t h e Most High God This titl e a n cie n tly .
,

bor n e by Me lchizede k ( Ge n x iv w a s r e v i v ed by t h e
. .

n e w holders o f t h e high p riesthood wh e n th e y dis p lac e d t h e

-

Zadokit e pri e sthood t h e legitim a t e hold e rs o f t h e office

,
.

This titl e is fo un d in the Book o f J u bil e e s t h e As s u m p tio n ,

o f Mos e s t h e Tal mu d
,
a n d J ose p h u s ( se e T Le v v iii 1 4
, . . .

n ot e A ki dr d titl of the sa m sig n ifica n c e a pp e a rs in

)
. n e e e

t h e 1 1 0t h Ps a l m wh e r e the p riest ki n g tak e n by a grow

,
-
,

in g n u m b e r of e xp ositors to be Si m on t h e Maccabe e is ,

a ddr e ss e d as a p riest for e v e r a f ter the o rd e r o f Me l

lii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
c h iz e de k accord with this our te x t ( T Le v
.
1
In du e , . .

v iii 1 4 ) declares that a n e w n am e Should m ark t h e n ew

.

p riesthood .

From the abo ve fa cts we se e that ou r book writte n as ,

it was by a Pharisaic u p holder of the Maccabees m u st hav e ,

been co mp osed som e tim e b e twe en 1 53 whe n the office of ,

the high p rie st was assu m e d by J on a than the Maccabee ,

a n d the closi n g years of the seco n d c e n t u ry B C whe n the . .

,

Maccabee s aba n do n ed the Ph a risaic p arty a n d becam e .

Sadd u ce es Bu t we ca n d e fi n e the date withi n closer

.

li m its To o n e of the Macca b e a n high p riests of this

l

p e riod p ro p h e tic gifts are assign e d by our te x t ( T Lev . .

v iii . in co nj u n ction with the fun ctio n s of ki n gshi p a n d

p ri e sthood ( v iii Now in all J e wish history from .
, ,

Mos e s to the Christia n era the tri p le o ffices of p ro p he t , ,

p rie st a n d ki n g w e re ascribed on ly to on e m a n i e J oh n
, ,
. .

Hyr ca n u s J ose p h u s both in his A n tiqu i ties a n d his

.
2
,

W a r s of t h e J ew s ( see n ote o n T Le v v iii 1 5) dwells o n . . .

the u n i qu e n e ss of J oh n Hyr ca n u s in history in this r e s p ect .

E v e n the Talm u d describ e s h im as a s e con d Dav id a n d ,

as we arin g two crown s on e roya l a n d o n e p ri e stly ( Kidd , .

a n d els e wh e r e ( Sot a h i x 1 2 ) ack n owl e dg e s his p ro , .

p h e t ic gi f ts Se e in g th e re fore that . the T e sta m e n ts re fe r , ,

to J oh n Hyr ca n u s w e con cl ude that th e y mu st ha ve be e n ,

writte n b e tw e en 1 3 7 a n d 1 05 B C . .

Bu t the li m its of the date o f co m p ositio n m a y be fi x e d

still m ore defi n it e ly F or t h e d e str u ction of Sam aria s e em s .

to be adu m bra ted in t h e acco u n ts o f Le v i s de str u ction of ’

Sheche m in T Le v v v i 5 Th e r e fe r e n ce to the destr u o

. . .
-
. .

D B i gg ( i h i m t l
1
r r d w k th B l f P lm
s n 1 9 07
s 374 )
os e arn e or on e oo e o sa s, 11

m t b ig t f t h w ligh t th t h b th w t h c d c t y
.
.
,

se e s o e n o r an o e ne a as ee n ro n on e se on en ur

B C an d it M i ic h p by t h B k f J bil
s e ss a n d th T t m t o f th
es e oo o u e e s an e es a en s o e

T w l v P t i ch t t th t t h M i ic h p f t h ti c ld
. .

e e wh h a r ar s, en e s a es a e e ss a n o es o e na on ou

no t g th a d t h M cc b p i c Th b k p v th t th y did g th
e r r ou n e a a ean r n es e se oo s ro e a e a er

d th p i c I t h l igh t f th f h h i t ic l d i cl t h M cc
.

roun e se r n es . n e o ese re s s or a s os u re s , e a a

b f c f P cx b c m t h m t
e an re e r en e o bl t h t h
s y t b dv c d
e o es e os re a s o n a e a as e ee n a an e

K hl w t h fi t t gg t t h t Hy f dt
. . .

2
o er as w he rs o su es a rca n u s as e re re erre o.
 I N T R O D U CT IO N l iii

tion of Sam aria in T Le v v ii 2 From this day forward

. . .
,
“

Sha ll Sh e ch e m be call e d a city of im becil es ( b7u 9 d vé ) vr a v n ov

see m s cle a r ; for t h e d e risi v e p hras e in o u r t e x t a pp ears to

have be e n a stan di n g d e sig n atio n of t h e Sa m arit a n s Th u s .

Sirach ( l 2 6) S p eaks o f th e m as t h e f oolish p e op le that

.

dw e ll at Sichem Now both Sheche m a n d Sa m aria were

.
,

ca p tur e d by Hyrca n u s t h e for m er within a d e cad e of his

,

acce ssion a n d the latt e r abo u t four years before he di e d

,
.

A s regards Sh e chem it do e s n o t a pp ear to ha v e s u ffe r e d

,

s pe cially o n this occa sion but a s to Sam a ria a ll a ccoun ts ,

agree that its d e structio n was utter a n d com p let e a n d that ,

Hyrca n u s remov ed the v ery tra ce s o f t h e an ci e n t city .

Now it is to s u ch a n e v e n t as t h e latt e r that o ur t e x t

p oi n ts ; for it s p e a ks o f the wrath of God co min g u p on
“

th e m to the u tterm ost ( T Le v v i . Thus if we a re

. .

right in this con clusion the Te stam e n ts were writte n

betw e e n 1 09 a n d 1 05 B C . .

For the date just arri v ed at we m ight p ossibly fi n d

con firm atio n in o u r te x t ; for in T Lev xv iii 6 there is a . . .

r e fe re n ce to a Bath Q ol recei ved by Hyrca n u s This Bath .

Q ol m a y ha v e been that which he recei v e d o n the day of

the decisi v e v ictory of his two son s o v e r A n tioch u s Cyz i
oe n os who was h e l p i n g the Sam aritan s in their fi n a l
,

stru ggle Hyrca n u s was p r e se n ti n g a b u r n t offe rin g in the

.
-

Te m p le whe n the v oice ca m e to h im ( se e n ot e o n T Le v

,
. .

xv iii . I n this Ba th Q o l he m a y ha v e bee n addr esse d

as a s on of God— J ewish ki n gs w e re so d e sign ated More
o v er this woul d e xp lain the lan gu age in T Le v XVI I I 6
, . . . .

I f n ow w e had a n y m ea n s o f da ti n g t h e breach of
, ,

Hyrca n u s with the Pharisees we could draw still closer t h e

,

li mits of t h e dat e of co m p ositio n Possibly we are n o t .

wro n g in fi x in g th e se a s 1 09 1 07 B C -
. .
l iv T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S

16 . TITLE O F THE BO O K

Th e book is Sim p ly called w a 7 p i dpxa e in the lists of

t he n on -
can o n ica l books I n . A th e y a re A i a dfix a i 7 63v
Ha 7 p i a pxé w an d in b d A t a dij x a t 5035mm Il a 7 p t a p
’

,
a .

i
iv i! 7 6w v léiv
’
I cucaiB n a r
pt d OU — a)
x .

Th eGre e k title of t h e Test a m e n t of Re u b e n was origi n

ally eith e r 8 6fimy P Bfi/ or this with the addition of
ia
‘
ov i ,

6 v l i) I c K i A i 9 as in A n d sim i
’

7 017 77p w 7 o7 /e o v o ax a e a , a .

la rl y with r e g a rd to the rest o f the Te stam en ts See the .

Se ctio n on this questio n in t h e I n trod u ctio n to m y Te x t ;

also the n otes at t h e begi n n i n g of each Testam en t in the
p resen t work .

Th e H e brew fo r m was mm mmi x Co mp are t h e .

H e brew Te st Na p h in my Te x t p 2 3 9
. .
, . .

17 . I N TE GRI TY ; A U T HO RS HI P ; SO U RCE S

I n t egr ity a nd — I ha v e with some h e sitatio n

A u t h or sh ip
co m e to t h e co n cl u sio n that the groun dwork is the work of
a Si gle writer of the Pharisa ic school He is a n upholder
n .

of the Law a n d the Te m pl e sacrifices ; he belie ves in t h e

Me ssia n ic ki n gdom a n d the resu rre ction in the body to a
n e w life therei n He is howe v er a Pharise e o f the e arly
.
, ,

typ e — that is a Chasid A ltho u gh b e li e vi n g in the

,
.

n ec e ssity of war he p reaches the d u ti e s of ch a st ity tru th

, ,

f ul n ess forgi ve n ess self co n trol o f m od e ratio n in e ati n g

, ,
-
,

a n d dri n ki n g— a t ti m e s e v e n o f absti n e n ce fro m m eat a n d

drin k .

Th e gro un dwork which co n sists o f a bout ele v e n tw e l fths

,
-

of t h e Testam e n ts after the re m o va l o f t h e J ewish a n d

,

Christi a n a dditio n s 19 p r e se n ts it m u st be co n fe ssed

, , ,

a w a n t of cohere n ce at ti m es a n d t h e p arts dealin g with the ,

 I N T RO DU CT I O N 1v

d u ty of sub m issio n to Le v i or to Lev i a n d J u dah join tly , ,

com e in occa sio n a lly v ery a bru p tly Notwithsta n din g t h e .

,

p rese n t e ditor adhere s to t h e id e a of the u n ity o f t h e book ;

for the two p hen o m e n a re ferr e d to— t h e strictly Chasid
ele m e n t in the book a n d its loyal acce p tan ce o f the Ma c ,

ca b e a n dyn asty— we re e x actly chara ct e ristic of t h e p e riod

to which ou r a uthor b e lon gs a n d to n o n e o th e r befor e or ,

afte r Fu rtherm ore both th e se pa rts of t h e book a re a like

.
,

u n i v ers a li stic in to n e O n the oth e r h a n d m u ch of t h e .

,

un e ve n n e ss of t h e book m a y be du e to fau lty tra n sm ission .

Thus for e x a m p le T I ss v 8 is a v e rs e out of T Gad

, , . . . . .

Sou r ces — O ur au thor has dra w n free ly o n earlier books

a n d traditio n s He Shows a wid e ac qu ai n ta n ce with the
.

O ld Te sta m e n t ( se e I n d e x also with Sirach a n d 1 En och .

Bu t in additio n to the Scri p t u res a n d th e s e a n ci e n t books

, ,

h e m ad e u se of se v e ral works som e o f which h a v e c o m e ,

down to u s in a m or e or less corr u p t form Th u s t h e .

,

W a r of J acob a n d his so n s a g a i n st the A m orit e ki n gs ,

T J u d iii v ii is fou n d in a con te m p orary work the Book

. . .
-
.
,

o f J u bil e e s xxx i v 1 9 a n d in t h e Midrash W aj j i s sa u which

.
-
, ,

co n tain s if n ot t h e origin al l e ge n d at all e v e n ts a v ery

, ,

early r e cast of it a n d in the Book of J ashar A ga in the

, .
,

acco u n t of t h e fratricidal war b e twe e n J acob a n d Esau

T J u d ix is gi v e n a t gr e ater l e n gth in J u bil ee s x x x v u
. .
,
.

XXX V l l l I n both p assages the writers l a id u n d e r con t ribu

.

tio n s u ch a doc u m e n t as e x ists tho ugh in a lat e r form in , ,

the J a lku t Sh im e on i i 1 3 2 ( see m y n otes on J u bilees ,

.
,

pp 2 1 4
.

A g a i n a n origi n al so u rc e for t h e T Le v i h a s j u st b e e n
, .

disco v ered in t h e lost Hebr e w docum e n t from which t h e

A ra m a ic a n d Gre e k frag m e n ts ( gi v e n in A pp e n di x I I I of .

my Te x t ) were tra n slat e d .

I n T Nap h ii 8 our author has e ither draw n u p o n

. . .

som e e x isti n g source or e ls e his list o f the sen ses etc , ,

.
,
lv i T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
form s the origi n al from which the m an y others in Hebre w
literature were m odelled .

I n T A sh i 3 v 2 we ha v e the oldest descri p tion

. . .
-
.

of t h e Tw o W ays in J ewish literat u re I t looks to be

“
.

seco n dary a n d de p en de n t o n som e e arlier docum en t This

, .

sectio n p ro v es that the writers o f t h e Didache H e r m as e t c , , .

,

were n o t obliged to go o u tside J ewish literatu re for their

m aterials o n this qu estio n .

Besides the abo v e larg e r elem e n ts there is a great ,

n um ber of in di v idu al isolate d statem e n ts belon gin g to

J ewish tradition througho u t the Te st a m e n ts .

Th u s the re fe re n c e s to the Ca n aa n itish war with Egy p t ,

T Sim v iii 2 ; T Gad v iii 5 ; T Be n j x ii 3 —

. . . . the date . . . .

assign ed i n directly to this war agre e i n g e xactly with that

directly gi v e n to it in J ubil ee s x l vi 9 ( see n ote o n T Gad . .

v iii . the W atchers T R e u b v 6 Le v i s v isio n s with, . . .

' ’

t h e d escri p tio n of t h e Thre e Hea v e n s 1 1 5 v ; his ordi n a ,

.
-
.

tio n to the priesthood v iii But w e shall n o t p u rs u e this

,
.

subj e ct fu rther as s u ch ele m en ts are fou n d in all t h e

,

Testam e n ts .

18 . THE DATE O F THE GREEK VE RS I O N

From the facts gi ve n in § 2 6 it follows that St Pa u l ,
.

was ac qu ain ted with a n d u s e d the Gr e e k v ersio n o f the

Testa m e n ts a n d that the
,
a n d n ot the B form ; for w e a

fi n d that o f the two direct qu otatio n s which h e m a kes fro m

t h e Te stam e n ts o n e ( i e Rom i 3 2 ) is n o t f o u n d in B a n d
, . . . .
,

the other ( 1 Th e ss ii 1 6 ) agre es if we a cce p t t h e re adin g

. .
,

of K L P with m or e n e arly than with B Thu s m ust

, a. . a.

have b e e n m ade before 50 A D a t lat e st . . .

From the ev ide n ce giv en in r e la tio n to the i n fl u en ce of the

Testa m e n ts o n the di sco u rses of o ur Lord ( se e pp l xxv iii .

we co n clu de that He w a s acq uain t e d with th e m bu t we ,

l v iii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T RIA RCH S
i v 5 ; a n u ltim at e red e mp tio n e ith e r by God Hi m self or
.
,

through the agen cy o f a Messiah from J ud a h T Le v x vi 5 ,

. . .

T J u d xx i v 4 6 ; T Na p h i v 5 ; a n d a bl e ssed re tur n
. . .
-
. . .

to their o w n la n d T J u d xx iii 5 T A sh v ii 7 T Z eb , . . . . . . . .

ix .

I n all the abo v e characteristics these first cen t u ry B C . .

p assages agree with the Psalm s of Solom o n I n fact t h e

2
.
,

lan gu age in T Lev x iv xv i a n d T J ud xx iii alm ost . .

-
. . . . .

v erbally agre es in some i n stan ces with that of th e se Psal m s .

W ith them too t h e ho p e o f a Me ssiah from J udah is pu t

, ,

forward afresh a n d t h e cert a in ty of a n u ltim ate redem p tion

,

p rop h e si e d A l l t h e old glories of t h e Maccabees a re

.

f orgotte n a n d n o do u bt t h e e xp ectatio n of a Me ssiah from

,

Le vi which w a s so fon dly ch e rished by the faithfu l in the

,

latter h a l f of t h e seco n d ce n t u ry was n ow regarded as n o ,

bett e r than a d e l u sio n of t h e e v il on e .

Moreo v er direct allusion s to in di v id uals of t h e l a ter

,

Maccabees a re easy to discov er Th u s in the bitt e r .

,

i n v ecti v e deli v ered a gai n st th e m in T Le v x iv 5 t h e . . .

,
“

offerin gs of t h e Lord ye Sh a ll rob a n d from His p ortion ye ,

shall st e al t h e choicest p a rts eatin g th e m con t e m p tu ously ,

with harlots t h e last clau s e r e fe rs u n d e n iably to A le x an de r

,

J a n n aeu s for this v ery fa ct is recou n ted of h im by J os e phu s

n ote i n t oo lustfu l n ess ra p acity a n d m u rders
( s e e ) Th e .
, ,

o f this ki n g a r e m ost p rob a bly ai m ed at in T J u d x x i 6 9 . . .

-
.

Th e ha pp y r e ig n of his widow A l e x a n dra left n o i m p r e s , ,

sio n app are n tly on t h e writ e r of these frag m en ts He is

, , .

m ost c on ce rn ed with t h e ci v il wars betwe en h er two so n s ,

A n tigo n u s I I a n d Hyrca n u s I I Th e s e wars a r e s p ok e n o f

. .

as cle arly as this typ e of lit e rature ad m its in T J ud . .

xx ii 1 2 ; T Ze b ix 2 4 So d e p lorable so de sp erate is
.
-
. . .
-
.
,

the co n dition of t h e n ation that this J ewish se e r ca n se e ,

1
S f th t h t T L x i v xv i
e e, ur e r, e n o e on . ev . .
-
.

2
S leeB t d mi bl y i Z f NTl i h
a so ous s e Wi h f t 1 9 00 pp 1 8 7
a ra n . . c e s se ns c a , , .
 I N T R O D U CT IO N l ix

no rem e dy s a ve in t h e d e stru ctio n of J er u sal e m a n d a fre sh

c a p tiv ity Th e n a n d n o t till the n will I sra e l r e p e n t a n d
.
, , ,

God rest ore th e m agai n to their o wn l a n d W e ha ve h e re .

a ge n u in e p ro p hecy which was in pa rt fulfille d in 70 A D ,

.

A n oth e r chara cteristic of thes e additio n s is th e ir fr e qu e n t

cit a ti o n of t h e Book of E n och as in T Le v X 5 x iv 1 ,
. . .
,
.
,

x vi . 1 ; T J u d xv iii 1 ; T Da n v 6 ; T Na p h i v 1
. . . . . . . . .

O n ly in two oth e r p assag e s is this book q uo t e d i e in ,

. .

T Sim v 4 a n d T Be n j i x 1
. . .
,
I n t h e l a tt e r p assag e this
. . . .

refer e n ce is o m itt e d by A a n d m a y safe ly be r e ga rd e d as a n

in terp olatio n a n d in a ll p ro bability t h e form e r is a lso a n
,

in t e rp olati on altho u gh it is a tt e st e d by all e x istin g

,

a u thoriti e s Fro m this fre qu e n t r e fe re n ce to E n o ch w e

. ,

m a y r e a so n ably co n cl u d e t h e e x ist e n ce of c e rt a in s e ctio n s

in that lit e r a tu r e which ha v e be e n p r e s e r v e d n o t in the ,

1 E n och ( t h e Ethio p ic E n o ch ) bu t in the lat e r 2 E n och ,

( t h e S la v o n ic E n och ) .

2 O t h er A ddit ion s of V a r iou s Da t es — There a re a fe w

.

oth e r a ddition s which ca n n ot be bro u ght u n d e r t h e first

h e ad Th e y a re of Variou s d a t e s a n d Sp ri n g from v a riou s
.

so urce s .

T R e ub ii 3 iii 2
. . This p a ssag e is d e alt with fully
.
-
. .

in the n ot e s in m y Comm e n tary a n d is th e re Show n to ,

h a v e b e e n de riv e d u ltim at e ly from t h e doctri n e o f St o icism .

I t is m an i festly at v a ria n c e with its p r e s e n t co n t e x t I t is .

difficult to d e ter m i n e wh e n it was i n cor p o rat e d Th e fa ct .

o f its a pp eari n g both in a n d BA S is in fa v o u r o f its

1
a

h a vin g b e e n i n t e r p ola t e d in t h e o rigin al H e br e w ; bu t m ore

lik e ly it was first a dd e d in a n d th e n c o p ie d i n to B Th e a .

chie f r e ason aga in st acce p tin g t h e for m er hyp o th e sis is t h e

diffi cu lty of e xp la i n in g e fip which is here u se d re p e at e dly n v a ,

with a m e a n i n g co n fi n e d to t h e Stoics a s that of a s e n se , ,

organ o r a pp e tit e m : was n e ver so far a s I c a n a sc e rt a i n

, .
"
, ,

used with this Sign ifi c a t io n Ye t it is p ossibl e to assum e .

1x T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
that som e J ew did v iolen ce to the usual m ean i n gs of this
word a n d used it in the absen ce of a n y oth e r p ossible word , ,

as a ren derin g of t h e Stoic word ve fiua This is con n .

s t a n t l y do n e by Gre ek J ews wh e n tra n slati n g fro m H e br e w .

So m e such docu m e n t the n as T Re u b ii 3 iii 2 m a y ha v e , , . . .

-
.

e x ist e d in Hebrew a n d ha v e b e en added to the origin al ,

te x t of t h e Te stam e n ts by som e J ewish scribe .

T Le v xv ii 1 9 : a n additio n from a Hebrew so u rce

. . .
-
.

T Re u b v i 7 T Le v xv iii
. . . T I SS i v . scribal . . . . .

additio n s Th e first p assag e r e lates to Le v i on ly

. .

T Z e b v i 4 6 v ii v iii 3
. . .Th e s e p ass a g e s are fou n d
-
,
-
. .

o n ly in b d g Th e y a re strictly in character with the

.

Te sta m e n t ( see n otes o n p bu t they c a n hardly ha v e .

stood origi n ally in th e ir p re s e n t con t e x t I n m y n otes I .

h a v e Show n that t h e s a yi n g attrib u ted to Ga m alie l I I .

( fl o r uit 8 0 a n d likewise to a n oth e r t e a cher is fou n d ,

in vi ii 3 . H e n ce so far as the Tal m u dic a u thoriti e s are

.
,

co n ce rn ed t h e origi n al a u thor of the sayi n g ca n n ot be

,

determ in ed I t m a y ha v e bee n borrowed by Ga m aliel

.

fro m ou r te x t O n t h e other ha n d it m a y ha v e b e e n a
.
,

p ro v erbial s a yi n g curren t am on g the J ews a n d fo u n d in ,

our te x t for the first ti m e in literat u re just as Matt v ii 3 , . .

,

W h y dost tho u behold t h e m ot e that is in thy brother s

’

eye a n d co n siderest n ot the beam tha t is in thi n e o wn e ye

,

is attrib u t e d in A rachi n 1 6 to R Tarp on in the latt e r

h
.

half of the first ce n t u ry A D I f o n e says Take the m ote . .

“
,

from thy e ye : h e a n swers Take the bea m fro m thi n e eye ,

( q uoted by A lle n S t M a tt p , . . .

T Na p h v 5 a dittogra p h of v er 3
. . . . .

T J os x 5 x vu I
. . I t is n ot i m probable that this large
.
-
.

sectio n e ither dis p laced p a rt of t h e origi n al Testam en t or

was a dded in the Hebrew I t was written in Hebrew as .

the rest of the Te stam en ts I n additio n to t h e groun ds .

e n u m erated in p 1 72 of m y Co m m e n tary we Sho u ld obser v e

.
,
 I N T RO D U CT I O N lx i

that wh e re as the d uty o f tr u thfu ln ess is e m p hatica lly l a id

,

dow n thro u gho u t the Te stam e n ts yet in x 5 xviii J os e p h , .

-
.

lies se ve ral tim e s to scre e n his bre thr e n : x i 2 3 x iii 6 .

, , .

9 x v 2 3 xv i 6
, . F u rth e r the style of i x 4 is p oetica l
-
, , .
-
.
,

that of x 5 x v n I is p rosaic .
-
. .

2 0 CHRI S TI A N A DDITI O N S
. To THE TE XT

Thes e
dditio n s a re fo u n d in n e arly all t h e Testa m e n ts
a

a n d w e re m ade at di ffe re n t p e riods .

T Sim v i 5 Th e p assage witho u t this

‘
. 9 9 d pw 9 . . . 77 0 .

additio n describ e s Sim p ly a Theo p ha n y r e fe r e n ce s to which ,

a re fre qu e n t in the Te sta m e n ts T Le v ii 1 1 v 2 v iii 1 1 , . . . .

,
.

T J u d xx ii 2 ; T Z e b i x 8 ; T Na p h VI I I 3 ; T A sh
. . . . . . . . . .

VII . 3 .

vi . 7
°
( i 66 09 a d ua Xc iw Ka t a v ve o
‘

Oimv cit/ Op el)

7ro e9 éa
’
'

co a e v
'

A m a n ife s t Christia n i n ter p o latio n .

v ii 2
b
. @ 6 011 Ka i dvdp am
.
'
ov .

'
Ea m e e [n du7 a i]
/
V II .
'
7 d 36m; Ka 7 O ye v09 r ?
7 oz
’
I e pm fi
x .brack e ted words a re a Christia n
So d B . Th e
addition Th e author ca n look forward to t h e sa l vatio n
.

of t h e Ge n tile s bu t he would n o t se t their s a l vatio n b e fore ,

that of I sra e l Se e n ot e below on T J os x i x 1 1 A sp eaks . . . . .

h e re on ly o f the s a l vation o f m an ki n d Th e s a m e i n t e r .

a t io n r e c u rs in T J O S x ix ( c B) 6
p o l 1 1 n [ w i 3 . . .
, 0( e r
/7 a 7 1,

I p jh wher e A has si m p ly )
’
59 ) 12 7 l] re a w 7 7p i
'
o a i ,
7 G 7 a

I a pa fih
’
'

Le v i v
T . E i 93 wfl . { IM w This
.
’

vr . 7 n e
/
ee A
/
a n

Christia n additio n tr a n sfor m s a n a cc o u n t o f t h e J u dg m e n t

i n to a de scri p tio n of t h e e v en ts accom p an yin g t h e Cr u cifi x ion .

Th e a ddition m or e o v e r w a s ma d e by a P a tri p a ssi a n ist

, ,
.

”
iv 4 b
Ew9
. w e j n 5p t 9 W ir
°
. d éO n €
’
en
'
’
lc x r e u Ic z 0 e /7a 7 .
’
v 12
A A t 3

[U LO U ]
3 cl "

a n hw yx vo w
w9 m 9 a v7 ov e a i /0 .
 x
l ii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
[11 7671) o f v o i l a ou én t Ba k o fia e i
x p a9 e a 57 bv 7o i f
d ua ove o h o vr lo a e '

a 57 6v ] .

i n t e r p olators here tra n s form a n acco u n t

Th e Christia n
o f God s co m i n g to dwell with m e n ( of v 2 éw 9 61 66
’ ’
. .
, 2 12

0 I p j k ) i n to a p re dictio n o f God s
’ ’ ' ’ ’
u n w
' ' '

Ica 7 o e g
c o ev u
,
o o 7 0 a a i

s e n di n g His Son a n d of His cru cifi x io n by t h e prie sts , .

x . 2 . E 59 7 01/ 2 w 7 ij pa 7 0 f} re do p 012 Xp w 7 6v
-
. . Th e
con t e x t d e als with the wick e d n ess of t h e high p ri e sts in
the first c e n t ury B C . .

x iv 1 H e re a alo n e by the addition of the words

. . e rr
’ ’

a v76 tra n sform s a p ur e ly J e wish p assage i n to a Christia n

v

one .

’
77 2 7 0
’
x iv 2 O i7 w e 9 Ba Xo fio e a 9 a i n éiv ( 3
’

. . e vr o
'

x pi e 12

Ew w j pa
'
c o
-

p ov . An addition fro m t h e sa m e ha n d
as iv .

x vi . 3 . This v e rs e m ay re fe r to the m urder of so m e

J ewish worthy Se e my . n otes in l oc O therwise it is a .

Christia n additio n .

xv ii 2 K t fip ép . . a
’
eu a w X p da9 a fim fi en t a
’
' '
w 7 77p t
’

a
x da p o v be a n
d va o 7 ij o e 7 a t ' '
. This m a y or m a y n o t
i n t e r p olation I t is u n i n telligible in its p rese n t co n te x t
. .

xv iii 7 E u 93 68 m This Slight additio n chan ges

. . 7 a .

a descri p tio n o f the glorifica tio n of J oh n Hyrca n u s in to

a descri p tion o f t h e ba p tism of Christ .

xv iii 9 O 3 I p iflt h w d j a t
. . dv
t
ia K i 6
’
o
'

a
’
e a 77 i o e7
'
r o a

An a n ti J ewish Christia n
’
t9 i n e d t
' '

a xo 7 to t 7 o e7 a v e .
-

additio n .

T J u d xx i v 4
. Possibly a Christian in t e r p ola tion . . .

T I ss v i i 7
.
f
A ccordi n g to som e o f the MSS this li n e
. . .

is Christian Se e n ot e s . .

T Ze b i x 8 This v e rs e in f A S describe s a
1
. . a e . . a , , ,

Th e o p h a n y in v ery sta rtlin g words Y e Sh a ll se e Him

God n J er u sal e m B th e se words are fo u n d in
( i e. .
) i ut .

the ge n ui n e t e x t o f PS l xxx i v 7 as in the L XX . .

, ,
 I N T RO D U CT I O N x
l iii

Oc f
r o eT a t
'

( i 06 09 61! So also the Syri a c and t he

V u lg . v ery claus e is foun d in T Na ph v iii
This . . . 3 . In
bd g ,
howe ve r we ha ve t h e Christia n additio n,
ev
’

dv dp ebn o v '
.

T Da n
’
. V . 10 . Th e 77 9 3 [ I o ziOa rea l] A e vl .

Here the i n ter p olati on is cl um sy He o u ght to hav e .

chan ged cv 39 to (p Ad m Besid e s t h e order b e trays the i/ .

,

in t erp olator s ha n d I n the origin a l Te stam e n ts wh e n t h e

’
.
,

tribes a re m e n tion ed toge th e r Le v i always p r e ce de s J u d a h .

See T Sim vii 1 . T Gad VI I I 1 T J os x ix 1 1

. . . . . . . .

Kzipt o 9 30 7 m
'
éo cp 07 739 [ dz/ Op a ivro w
’
V . 13 . eu u
,
'

a 70 9 2
b i 6 A yw 9 I a pa iflt Ba o t h e zimv
"
e v m]
’

p p Ka
'

o v va va a v r
u ec e rr

3
(21 7 7 93 [61! 7 a 776 w a 0 e t 3 '

[ca t 77 7 w ei
x a re a l 6 77 20 7 6 220 1!

BCZO LAGUO a Oe ia]

’

,
' '

GL 51/ 7 0 9 2 d udpa mo w . Th e
te x t d e scrib e s a Th e op h a n y as it do e s fre qu e n tly else wh e re ,

( se e n ote abo v e o n T Sim vi Th e Christia n a ddition s . . .

tran sfor m it i n to a p rop hecy of Christ .

v i 7 B S add Eww ip agai n st A

. .
1
a .

vi 9 I .5éfn . O 2 w 7p 60 601 31
"
va 6 230 7
7a t 71
‘
7 1/ 20 2 . 07 1 0
'
i na /epbdvp m
‘
dh n9 i SdG /cw v
’
t 779 Ka , 77
d 9 Ka 7 a 77 6 w 0 9 , Ka i et
as 0v OLbO V Kvp io v its p re s e n t fo rm this
’
7 6612 épryw v 7 V I
. In
is un dou bt e dly Christian .

T Na ph v iii 2
’ Q
. A 0 . . . 2 .
' e
y ip 7 013 TI o zisa d va 7 e7t e 2 77

i t ez m j a xc
’ ’
o ndr a m a t
’
a w7 n
p a 7
93 [e a eu
y I r
'
.

viii . 3 . Ai d +7 013
'

a lcr vr 7 j p ov d 57 o z3 j 6gb073
0 e7 a t
‘ ‘ '
( i 66 09
'
[Kau d w] €77 2 7 39
’
a i /a im eu
p a wro

In my Te x t and Co m m e n t a ry I have with Rou sset

e m e n ded ’
I o ziBa i n to a i n div , Si n ce t h e p re ce din g words
’
lh a o de éKV O t S {Jud y Zva e vo fiv7 a t 7 93 A c u i [ca t
’ ’
a re crne
'
70 9 2 T
‘

I 0258a wo u ld th u s be d u e t o a Christia n
’ ’

7 3 I o ziSa
9 .

scrib e who likewis e chan ge d

,
i n to n 3 an d 63 61.1}
,
7 12

‘
'
777 p w 1
0 1c 7 5 631 i n to
7 2 j p v a Perh a p s how
7 / a xe n v o ,

e ve r the Si n gu lar is right thro u gh o u t a n d A i stood

, , ev

o rigin all y i n st e a d o f I fiS bu t T J os x ix 1 1 is agai n st this

’
oz a , . . . .
x
l iv T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
Gad v iii 2
T . 077 9 . . 01
TI o
’

é da Ka i A e vi
f
‘ ‘

This orde r of t h e two trib e s is du e to a Christia n scribe .

Se e n ote i n loc .

T A sh
. . V ii . 3 . E 01 9 0 fidr t o 7 09 éw aa x éxgiwa t
‘

)
7 r 1/
’ '
i ) 09 Ooo v dudp an r09 p 6 7 0 d 1/ 0p0377 w 1/ 6 0 9 i
’
Ka a 1 7 eh . .

'
i 5m m] Ka i 7 13 5 a 1cbv 7 0 9
Ica . 77 1 . 1/ Icat a z
p /
p
I d p a iyh rea l
3 ’
01 7 0 9 0 0 0 62 3 7 01/ . . 7 0

[ 9
66 0 6 9 2 dI/ Bp a te x t de Th e origi n al
scrib e d God s com in g to earth a n d destroyi n g t h e p rim e va l
’

drago n in the wat ers ( PS l xx i v 1 3) a n d savi n g I srael a n d . .

all m an ki n d as the chief p ro ph e ts ta u ght Th e Christian

, .

additio n s a re ob v iou s .

T J O S x ix 8 . For a fu ll tre at m e n t of the p assage se e

. . .
,

n ot e i n l oe .

x i x 1 1 ( B) A eh 2 .
[0 din 09 a. 0 .
’
z/ a 7 e /

' '
ipco z/ 3 dua pn blj w z/ [ d1/ 7 a 0
'

a 7 7 1/ av O c 77 7 .

01/ I o p a i jh
’
Ka i] 7
'

Th e m e thod the i n ter p olator beco mes m an ifest if of ,

w e co m p are the abo v e with t h e t e x t of A i e d M? 3 ,

. .
-
iva 7 6 1

0 w 7 np la Th e ord e r
. K i a .

b e tra ys the han d o f t h e Christian i n ter p olator See also .

n e x t p assage

T Be n j 1 1 1 8 ( C BS ) Hep } I
1) di
'
. . ) . K i . . 70 n / 01 a

2 w 3p 971 b n u 0 This is a Christia n i n t e r p ol a tio n as

e o o .

w e ll as t h e last words of t h e v e rse iu m O bn m ’

ev
’
a
’
a ta
’
lc

' ’

9d i I o p a iflt t 7t 15
0 e t Beh ia a i
’
w 7 npt a Ka K
' '

61 Ic a Ica 7 a
0 .
p .

7 0 09 5
1 77 77
p é7a 9 . O bs e r v e t h e ord e r “
Ge n tile Je w .

A o m its b o th p assag e s .

i x 3 5 O b vio u sly Christia n This is t h e o n ly p a s

.
-
. .

sage wh e re A has ad m itted Christia n in t e rp ol a tion s in T .

Be n j .

X . 7 ( B)
0 . 7 01/
' '
B a o t
'

Aea 7 0
31/ [7 01/ €77 1 .
r
y139 ( p a ve 1/ 7 a

' I A
d p ar/ro v éz/ 7 a 7r e t 1/ 0 0 e t , 3 '
[ca t 00 01 . 77 2 0 7 6 0 0 01 0 1 1/ €77 1 .
l x vi T E STA ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
LATE H E BRE W TE S TA ME N T NA PHTALI
‘

22 . OF

hav e p rin ted this Testa m e n t in A pp en di x I I of m y

I .

Te x t a n d its tra n slatio n in A pp e n di x I o f the p rese n t

,
.

v ol u m e My Te x t foll ows t h e O x ford MS which I

.
,

d e sign at e as A I h a v e u s e d Gaster s collation of P .

’ 1
,

which is a twe lfth ce n tur y MS n ow in Paris a n d borrowed -

,

fro m his edition som e r e adin gs which h e in tur n has ta k e n

from W ertheim er s e di tion ( p rin t e d at J e r u sale m in ’

F ur th e rm ore for the sake of co n ve n ie n ce I ha v e a do p ted

,

the di vision i n to chap t e rs which a pp e ars in Ka u t z sch s ’

Ap okr u n d Pseu dep ii 4 8 9 4 9 2

. For the div ision in to
. .
-
.

ve rses t h e pre se n t editor is r e s p on sible Dr Gaster to . .

,

whos e t e x t re fere n ce h a s j u st b e en m ade is of O p in io n that ,

in the Hebrew t e x t which is p ri n ted in o u r A pp e n di x we “

have u n do u btedly t h e origi n al ve rsi on of the Te stam e n t ,

fr e e fro m a n y i n t e r p ol a tion F u rth e r h e adds : I n com .

,

pa ri n g this ( t h e Hebre w Testam e n t) with the Gre ek ve rsio n ,

w e are str u ck by t h e grea t dis p arity b e tw e e n t h e two In .

t h e H e br e w v e rsio n whol e chap t e rs of t h e Gre ek are

m issi n g whilst in the Gr ee k the whol e o f the Hebr e w is

,

c o n de n s e d i n to fou r a n d a half cha p ters the con t e n ts ,

tran sp osed a n d m an gled al m ost b eyo n d re cogn itio n Th e .

Gre e k co u n t e rp art of t h e H e bre w m a kes n o se n s e a n d has

n o m ea n i n g a t a ll ; whilst the H e bre w is r o u n de d o ff a n d ,
,

com plet e a n d p e rfectly cl e ar , Thes e th e s e s of Dr Gast e r . .

ha ve n ot been acce p t e d in the world of scholarship .

A l m ost u n i v e rs a lly scholars who ha v e worked on this fi e l d

of literature de n y t h e va lidity of his con cl u sion s I n the .

first p lace t h e style of t h e Hebrew is la t e ; in the n e x t

,

p lace e v e n if it were early it co ul d la y n o claim s to

, ,

b e i n g the origi n al o f t h e Greek Testam en t All that .

G t
1
Th H b w T x t f
a s e r, f th T t m t
e e f t h Tw l v P t i ch
re e o on e o e es a en s o e e e a r ar s

(P d i g f t h S i ty f Biblic l A h
r ocee n s o l gy D c mb
e oc e 1 8 93 d F b
o y a r c ee o o , e e er an e ru a r

1 8 9 4)
 I N T R O D U CT I O N l x ii
v

cou ld be u rge d is that the two t e x ts p o ssess a n e x igu ou s 1

amo u n t o f co mm o n m a t e ria l I n a l l oth e r r e s p e cts th e y .

di ve rge a n d t h e e v id e n c e p o i n ts to t h e co n cl u sio n that the

,

He bre w t e x t is in p art bas e d dire ctly o r i n dir e ctly on the

p rim itiv e He br e w t e x t fro m which the Gr ee k te x t was
tran sla te d .

O n t h e followi n g gro u n ds we c a n n ot acc e p t the H e bre w

te x t as t h e origi n al Te stam e n t o f N a ph t a li .

( )
1 T h e H e br e w T e st a m e n t does n o t e n d as all the
Testa m e n ts do in t h e p a tri a rch t a ki n g lea v e o f his childr e n
,
.

( )
2 T h e r e is thr o u gho u t this late Hebrew Te st a m e n t a

stro n g p e rson al fe e lin g of hostility to J ose ph Th u s his .

br e thre n co m p lai n that they hav e be e n e x il e d thro u gh his

b e in g a bo n ds e r v a n t in Egy p t ( i F u rtherm ore n ot a .
,

Si n gle word in fa vo ur of J os e p h s p erso n al charact e r is u tt e r e d ’

.

O n the other ha n d in the Gr e e k Te sta m e n ts where ve r , ,

J ose ph as a n i n di v id u a l is m e n ti o n e d h e is p rais e d e ith e r ,

e xp licitly or i m p li citly A n d this is tru e in t h e si n gle

2
.

p erson a l re fer e n ce to h im in t h e Gre e k Test a m e n t o f

Na ph t a l i i 8 W here t h e n am e J os e p h stan ds for North e rn
. .

I sra e l a s in T Na p h v 7 v i 6 e t c t h e m atter is di ffe re n t

,
. . .
,
.
,
.
, ,

a n d t h e a ttit u d e t o J ose p h in this r e latio n is the sa m e in

both the Gr ee k a n d H e bre w Te stam e n ts .

cco n t of the s e n s e s or p ow e rs of m a n in x
( )
3 T h e a u 6
o f t h e H e br e w Te st a m e n t co u ld n o t be t h e origi n a l of 1 1 8 .

in the Gr e e k Te st a m e n t Th e r e a re fo u r H e brew t e x ts o f .

the se n s e s i n cl u di n g th a t in t h e Hebre w Te st a m e n t ( se e
,

n ot e s i n l oe in m r a n sl a tio n n d t h e l a st is t h e m ost
y T .

) a ,

r e m ot e from t h e Gr ee k Testa m e n t which ca n be best ,

e xp lai n ed fr o m t h e list in Be ra koth 6 1

b “

( )
4 I n t h e c o n ce p tio n o f Mich a el the two Te stam en ts do
1
Th t x t i m y A pp d i x m
e e n t t fi p g Th v b l c i ci d c
en a ou n s o ve a es e er a o n en es

i th p g with t h G k T t m t m t t b t th i d f p g
.

n e se a es e re e es a en a o un o a ou on e -
r o a a e

it i h l p f l i xpl i i g c p ti i t h
.

In on etw por g h w v
o a ss a es, o e e r, s e u n e a n n o rr u on s n e

Gre e k t xt eI h v h w i my
as t a e s o n n n o es

T R b iv 8 T Sim i v 4 6 T L v i x iii 9 T Z b v iii 4 t

, .

2
. eu . . . . t.
, . e . . e . .
, e c e c.
l x v ii i T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
n ot wholly a gr ee I n the Hebre w (vi ii 4 ) h e is rep rese n ted
. .

a s t h e head of t h e s e v e n ty a n g e ls who i n str uct e d t h e s e v e n ty ,

fa m ilies that s p ra n g from Noah in the se v e n ty la n g u ages .

Micha e l s d u ty is to be t h e b e are r o f God s com m an ds to m e n

’ ’
.

Bu t in t h e origin a l Te sta m e n ts Micha e l p lays a loftier r 61e .

He is n o t m ere ly the an gelic p a tro n o f I srael bu t the ,

i n t e rce ssor for t h e right e ou s o f all n ation s their p rot e ctor ,

agai n st Beliar a n d t h e m ediator b e twe e n God a n d m a n

, .

( )
5 Th e l a t e a n d co n fl a t e ch a ract e r of this lat e H e br e w

r ech a ufi e is show n by the fa ct that it co n tai n s two p hras e s

‘

draw n fro m two oth e r Testa m e n ts i e in i 4 ( m y Sil ver ,

. . .

m y g o ld a ll m s u bsta n ce ) fro m T J os x i 6
y . .
,

and in i 8 Th e Lord a n d I a re wit n ess

. fro m
T Le v x ix 3
. . . .

S disti n cti v e ly J e wish or J u da is t ic is the m att e r o f

( )
6 o

t h e Gre e k Te stam e n t that the Christia n i n ter p olators w e re

u n abl e t o fi n d a si n gl e co n t e x t that n at u rally l e n t its e lf to

t h e e x e rcise of their i n g e n uity .

23 . A RAMA I C GREE K F RAGME NT S CO NTAI NI N G

A ND

P HRA S E S AND CLA U S E S FRO M AN O RI GI NAL SO U RCE

O F THE TE S TA ME N T O F L E V I A ND THE BO O K o r
J UBI LE E S .

t e x ts which a re p ri n t e d in A ppe n di x
O f t h e A r a m a ic
I I I t h e Ca m bridg e frag m e n ts w e re disco v e red by Mr H
.
,
. .

L Pass in t h e G e n iz a coll e ctio n o f the U n i v ersity Library

.

a n d ide n tified by h im as a p a rt o f t h e Te stam e n ts of

t h e Twel v e P a tria rchs He subse qu e n tly p u blish e d th e m
.

in t h e J OB x ii 6 51 8 99 . Th e O x fo rd frag m e n t was
. .

fo u n d so m e ti m e l a t e r by Mr Cowley a m o n g the G e n iz a .

fra g me n ts in t h e Bodl e ia n Library a n d bri e fly described ,

in t h e Catalog u e No 2 8 3 5 2 7 Th e two frag m e n ts w e re

,
.
, .

writt e n o n ve llum by t h e sam e han d a n d n o t later in the , ,

op i n io n of Mr Pass than t h e e le ve n th cen t u ry

.
,
.
 I N T RO D U CT I O N l xix
Both t h e abo ve fra gm e n ts w e r e r e ce n tly pu blish e d in the
J OE , 1 9 07 pp 56 6 58 3 by Mr Cowl e y a n d t h e p re se n t
,
.
-
,
.

edito r .

Th e deci p herin g a n d tra n sla tio n of t h e O x ford fra gm e n t

w e r e a lm ost wh o lly t h e task of Mr Cowl e y m y p a rt b e in g .
,

li m it e d to occasio n al s u gge stio n s o r corre ctio n s a n d attem p ts ,

at ge ttin g b e hi n d t h e A ra m aic a n d Gre e k fra g men ts to the

origin al p re su pp o sed by th e m .

Th e Gree k frag m e n t w a s f ou n d by t h e p r e se n t write r in

a t e n th ce n t u ry MS o f t h e Te st a m e n ts which Profe ssor La ke
p hotogra p h e d for h im on Mt A thos a n d which is de n ot e d
.
,

by t h e l e tt e r e in this editio n This fra gm e n t is in t e r p o

.

lated in t h e m idst of a ve rse in the Te sta m e n t of Le vi i e , . .

xviii 2 This fragm e n t is u n i qu e in Gr ee k literat u re j u st a s

. .

the A ram aic frag m en ts a re likewise u n i qu e in A ram aic I t .

is v e ry re m ark a ble that th e se Gre e k a n d A ram aic fragm en ts

agre e w o rd for word whe re th e y coe x ist I n to their m u t u a l
, .

relation s I Sha ll e n ter p rese n tly So fa r as the Gr e e k

.

corresp o n ds with t h e A ra m aic it was p ri n ted in p arall e l,

col um n s with it in t h e articl e in t h e J OB just refe rr e d to . .

These A ra m aic a n d Gre e k fra gm e n ts are r e p ri n t e d with

addition al n otes in App e n di x I I I of m y Te x t a n d likewise .
,

a n oth e r Gre e k frag m e n t to which th e re is n o corres p o n di n g

Ar a m a ic Th e last a pp ears o n pp 2 50 2 52
. .
-
.

Ther e is also a s m all Syriac frag m e n t o f the sa m e work ,

which was rep ri n te d by Mr P a ss from W right s British .

’

Mu se u m Ca talogu e This I h a v e giv en o n p 2 54 a n d by

. .
,

a fre sh collation of t h e MS h a ve correct e d t h e m istake

that occu rs in t h e Catalog u e a n d p a ssed from the Cat a log u e
i n to Mr Pass s r e p rin t
.
’
.

Th e f r a g men ts a s ou rce of t h e Tes t a m en ts — A short st u dy

of the fragm e n ts s e r ve s to Show that th e y a r e n o t d e riv e d
fro m the Te sta m e n ts bu t that th e y a re p art o f a work
,

which for me d a comm o n so urce both o f t h e Te stam e n ts a n d

lx x T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
of t h e Book o f J u bile e S W e m u st n ow st udy the relation s
.

of the Gre e k a n d A ra m aic frag m e n ts a n d in cas e w e , ,

disco v er that both a re v ersio n s de term in e the origin al ,

lan g u age of the work .

Th e A r a m a ic and Gr eek f r a g m en t s a re ver s ion s o f a

c o m m on or i in a l , n ei t h e r t r a n sl a t ion
g bein g a o f the o t h er .

W e Shall n o w stu dy th e s e fra gm e n ts alik e in th e ir r e la tio n

to e a ch oth e r a n d to the Te stam e n ts First th e n we shall .
, ,

Show th a t both t h e A ram aic a n d t h e Greek a re tra n sl a tio n s ,

n o t origi n als bu t th a t n e ith e r is a tr a n slatio n o f t h e oth e r

, .

Th e A r a m a ic is a t r a n s l a t ion a n d n ot a n or ig in a l w or k .

Th e first e v id e n ce in fa v our o f t h e A ra ma ic b e in g a
tran sla tio n is the a pp e a ra n c e of a dittogra ph in v er 6 9 . .

Th e t e x t stat e s twic e t h e reaso n fo r which Le vi called his

so n s n am e Merari
’
A n d I was gr e atly distre ssed r e gard
.

1
in g h im ( 71 1 715 m ss 7 ‘ b e ca u se a s soo n as he was bor n
‘

he die d This stat e m e n t is n o n s e n s e ; for Merari

did n o t die Bu t the tr u e t e x t— a d u p licate on e for the
.

m ost p art — im m e diat e ly follows An d I was gr e atly dis :

“

1
tre ss e d r e ga rdi n g h im ( N J D 711 71 5 mi n ) becau s e h e
‘ 1 1 ‘
,

was like to die Th e Si m p l e st e xp la n atio n of this

dittogra ph is that we ha ve here two re n d e rin gs on e i n corre ct ,

a n d the other correct o f the sa m e H e br e w origi n al

,
Th e .

1
differe n ce in t h e word u s e d for gre atly ( N J D a n d 711 71 7) ‘

in t h e two cases is n oteworthy Th e seco n d a n d correct .

ren d e rin g is s u pp ort e d by the Te st of Le v i x i 7 . .

'

é/cdh e a a a 07 01/ Mepa pe 2 , 0

'
n tx
p ia
11 0v Ica l 713
1

( w a s like t o di e) .

p e c uliar style o f t h e A ra maic fra gm e n t is

A gai n , t h e
agai st its b e i n g a n origi al p rodu ction Sin c e it e mbodies
n n ,

H e bre w words two o f th e s e bei g artifici a lly Ara m a ise d

,
n ,

two or m ore Syriac words a n d words b e lo n gin g to di ffe re n t ,

ty pes o f A ra m aic To t h e e xp la n atio n o f so m e o f th e s e

.

p ecu liariti e s we Shall address o u rsel ves lat e r Fi n ally we .

,
 I N T RO D U CT I O N l xx i
m ight draw atte n tio n to t h e n o n A rama ic u se of j : in - “

ve r 1 3 in the se n s e o f
. p riv il e ge or right for t h e “

con t e x t Shows that 19 7 1121713 is a r e n de ri n g of D nn n 19 5 11772 ‘

in De u t v iii 3 . . .

Th e A r a ma ic is n ot a t r a n sla t ion o f t h e Cr eek f r a g m en t .

-
This is at o n ce e v id e n t if we co m p are t h e A ra m of .

ve r . 22 with the Gre ek ; for wh e re t h e form er has 3 0 1 77

'
0 1c 07X
'

771e o 9 It a l . 7 07 6 h a Bé f 6
el / 7 .
:
0 07 079 6 2001/ 7 01/
’
A Bpa ap p 1 . 7 01/ the Greek
77 a 7 6 has m e
'
r ealy 1 01/

3 0
1 77 I n ve r 2 3 t h e Cre e k is aga i n .
'

d e fe cti ve o v e r a gain st a fu ll A ra ma ic te x t
,
A gai n the .
,

A r a m a ic in v e rs e s 1 7 2 5 3 1 c o uld n o t be deri v e d fro m , ,

t h e corr u p t t e x t o f t h e Gr e e k Nor could the corr e ct .

A ra m y v Z ) in v er 1 7 be d e ri v e d fro m the im
va /e a
.
« .

p ossibl e Gree k n o r in v er 2 0 the A ra m .

, .

77 31 7 3 ) from the Gre ek dh x dpn w w n or in v e r 3 2

'
/ 01 7 0 o o : .
,

wh e re it = 7 5pg B d y a n d t h e Gre e k has a 1 5pg

o o 7a 1 )

e abo v e i n sta n c e s which co ul d be m u lti p lie d

’
8 6 v7 e
pg T h c .
, ,

will s uffic e F i n a lly t h e com p ara tiv e list of t h e tr ee s in

.

v e r 2 4 p ro v es in its e lf t h e i m p ossibility of t h e Gre e k b e i n g

.

the source o f the A ra m a ic .

Th e Cr eek i s a t r a n sl a t ion a n d n o t a n or ig in a l w or k .

Th e p ossibility of the Gr e ek bein g the origi al is p recl u ded n

by the fact th a t it e x hibits se v eral Se m itic idio m s s u ch as

0 Ica 77 1/ 09 = mm
'
07 001/ ( éx x a ie w 6v
0
0 1/ a
'
( D3 pi e ya An
r
77 d 0 779 '
0a 0
p 9 ( 3 1173
1c

77
p 006
X6
'
0 6a v7 3
a d7r 0 77a 1/ 7 09 Se ve ral of its
corru p t or u n i n t e lligible p a ssage s m oreo ve r ca n be e x , ,

p lain e d by re tra n sla tio n i n to t h e H e brew See n ot e s o n .

v e rses 1 3 4 9 ( i e p t w ) 1 7 Lik e wis e the dittogra p h

, . . x a , .

in v er 1 7 ( se e n ote 1 3) p oi n ts to the Gree k bei n g a

.

tra n sla tion .

Th e Cr eek is n ot a tr a n sla tio of t h e A r a ma ic — For in n

v e r 1 7 where the A ra m Gr k has '

.
y z Z t h e e e 7T
p 07 9 .
r v/a /ca , c 0
l xx n T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IARCH S
in v er . 19 , wh e re Gre e k has '
l p
o lcr t he
029 7 37 5 9 : in 2 0 wh e r e A r a m
6 01 61 07 the Gre e k ,
. 77 / 7 1 7 0,

ha s 0 X dp w 01c z in 3 2 wh e re A ra m
77
'

0 t 1/ ip p B 0 35 the , . 7a 1 c 0 1

Gr e ek has ip g 0 6p g 7a 1 A g a i n in ve r 2 7 wh e re the
o 6 1/7 ) .
, .
,

A ra m h a s a n u n i n t e lligibl e e xp r e ssion t h e Gr e e k h a s 6 1
.
, 77 .

77 39 ¢ 7
xet 39 0 7 3
a9 Fi n ally the list o f trees in the Gr e e k
7 a 7 .
,

( v er 2 4 ) co u ld n ot be d e ri ve d from that in t h e A ram aic

. .

Now that it is cl e ar that the two ve rsio n s are de ri ve d from

a Se m itic origi n al w e h a v e n e x t to determ i n e of what ,

la n gu a ge this origi n al was Th e d e t e r m i n atio n of this .

qu e stio n is co m p licat e d by the fact t o which w e hav e ,

already drawn atte n tion n a m e ly the p r e s e n ce in the te x t , ,

of He brew words a n d o f Syriac words 1

Th e re are two .

Syr iac words in t h e A ra m aic a n d with th e s e w e sh a ll ,

at o n ce deal Th e s e words in q u e stio n a re N33 5 ! a n d

.
“

ND U JJ‘ To t h e p rese n ce o f these in t h e t e x t we dre w

.

atten tio n in o ur article in the wh e n we s um m e d u p

in fa v ou r of a H e br e w origi n a l First a lth ou gh is a .
,

Syriac word it m a y lik e wis e ha ve bee n u s e d in the other

,

A ra m aic dial e cts How e ve r this m a y be it is fo un d in the

.
,

Book of J u bil e e s x x i 1 2 — a book u n i v ers a lly ack n owl e dged .

by schola rs to ha ve b e e n writte n in H e brew There it .

a pp ea rs in the form d efran 2

I t s a pp ear a n ce ther e fore in .
, ,

the p rese n t t e x t n ee d ca u se u s n o fu rth e r trou ble In .

ve rs e 4 there is a n oth e r word which ca n be b e st e xplain e d

fro m Syriac affi n ities bu t the word its e lf is n o t fou n d in ,

O wi g t t h p
1
n c f t h S y i c w d i t h t x t F k l ( Th l
o e re s e n e o e r a or s n e e ra e n e eo

475) m i t i th t t h A m ic i
.

1 9 07 N
,

Litt t it
er a u rz e
g 17
un l o co a n a ns a e ra a s
d b t dl y t l ti f m t h S y i c B t t h f ct dd c d b v
.
, , , .

”
un ou e a ra n s a on ro e r a u e a s a u e a o e

h w th t t h vi d c i f v f h i c t ti x t m ly w k i m
.

s o a e e en e i n a o ur o s on e n on s e re e ea n co

p i w ith th t i f v f H b w igi l
ar son a n a o ur o a e re or na

th h d it i t b b v d th t t h li t f t i t h G k
.

2
O th n e o er an s o e o ser e a e s o r ee s n e re e

c p d i g t B dl i l h w v l t l it ti f A m ic m
,

orr e s on n o o e a n co 0 s o s se era ra n s e ra ons o ra a na es

f t B t th i g m t i t c cl i v F it w l d t b t lt
.

o re e s u s ar u en s no on us e. or ou no e u n n a u ra o
v i H b w d c m t i th c d c t y th p p l A m ic
.

u se , e en n a e re o u en n e s e on en u r B C e o u ar ra a

t wh i gi v v i c t i c th
, . .
,

na m f es or l g
re e s, mb M
e re a ar e nu er s en or e o e r, n er a n a s es e

m m y ith h v b f g tt h v b c m f m ili
.

H b we re na e a e er a t
e e en or o en or a e e o e so u n a ar as o

m k it d v i bl t g i v t h
a e a di
sa y e m w h ich th
o t b v m gt
e e or n ar na es o se ree s ore e en a on s

t h mi
e it y w h k w H b w M v t h t f t h vi d c d m d
n or o ne e re ore o e r, e res o e e en e e an s

c h c cl i
.

so m e su on u s on .
l xx i v T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
p hras e is a r e n d e ri n g o f D JFDTI ( D e u t xv iii I t ‘ ‘
. .

ca n n o t be e xp lain e d fro m a Syriac backgro u n d .

I n v er 1 7 t h e corr u p tio n in t h e Gre e k j p3 9

) ' ‘

. 0 1 7r 1 70

A Bé a
93 wh e r e fo r
d e a l/ 7 ,
t h e A ra m aic rightly reads

be e xp lai n e d by r e tro v e rsion i n to

‘
«
y v vai xa ca n

H e bre w bu t n ot in to Syria c 1
17 a corr u p tio n
, 31 9
1 1 .
,

of 7111719 I ver. 2 7 w e ha v e t h e con v e rs e corru p tio n

n .
,

wh ere t h e Aram a ic re ads mus corr u p t for 71 11719 1 i e 19 127 1 , ,

. .
1

the s a m e v ers e w e ha v e a n oth e r p a ssag e which

'
x6
d7 7 7 a It 7 . n

c a n ot be e xp l a i n e d e x cep t o t h e hyp oth e sis of a H e brew

n n

origin al 1 ) B B77t 379 0 w ép/

, 17 6 7
p a70
'
0 j w hh d '
a 7 a t a a ou
'

67
' ‘

o v,

corru p tion of p 03 as t h e A ra m a ic 77 0 1/ shows Bu t in

1/ , .

Te st Le v i i x 1 0 we fi n d t
. b
g é
. s a n d this is t h e o /

s e n s e re qu ire d by t h e co n te x t a n d e sp e cially by J u bil e e s , ,

th a t t h e p rie stly li n e was n o t to be de fi le d by fore ig n

m a rriage s Th e t e x t of t h e Te st a m e n ts p res u pp os e s 11 11 1
.
,

which m u st hav e b e e n c o rr u p t e d to 11 1311 or 11 131 from which ,

the A r a m aic r e adi g is deri v ed I n ve r 3 7 the corr u p t for m

n . .

d 00 i
77 0 6 co m e s fro m d 0
6 /c7 a)
/
= 11 1 l H e r e either 77 0
'
6 i lc 1/ U t t
‘

1
‘
1

t h e 2 n d or 3 d Si n g fu t is r e q u ir e d i e n 1 111
r Bu t this c a n
. .
, . . .

also m ean ca st or S p rin kle the m ean i g t h e co n t e x t ,

n

r e q u ires h e re .

I ve r 2 0 t h e A ra m a ic
n . 5 3 a n d t h e Gre e k r e a ds : 77 1 1/ 7 01 7 0

OA ip w wo /cc vr H e re t h e la t t e r = n 51s which m a y ha v e

-
o .
n

b e e n co rr u p t e d in t o 11 93 ( wher e 11 is t h e u s ua l late r form of

11 19 1 77 3 1/ 7 0 37 0 .

24 . I N FLU E N CE O F THE TE S TA ME N T S ON JEW I S H

LITE RATU RE
J ubile e s a n d the Te sta m e n ts a re Sist e r works
Si n ce
writt e n abo u t the s a m e date a n d bo t h e m a atin g fro m t h e ,
n

school o f the Pharis e e s t h e o e can n ot be cit e d a s de ,

n

p e n d e n t o u the other For a list of t h e p a ssa ge s which .

a re clos e ly r e lated in the m se e I n d e x I I t is d o u bt fu l ,

.
 I N T R O D U CT I O N l xx v

also wh e ther the Ps a l m s o f So lo m o n st a n d in t h e r e la tion o f

d e p en den ce on the Te stam e n ts Th e u n d o u bt e d c o in c i .

d e u ces which e x ist are to be fou n d al m ost wh o lly in t h e

first c en tu ry B C additio n s to the Te st a m e n ts
. . .

Th e p arallel p a ssag e s in the Midr a sh W aj j issa u ,

Chro n icl e s of J e ra c h m e e l t h e Book o f J ashar ca n n ot be , ,

treated a s d e ri vati v e s from o u r tex t bu t rath e r a s S p run g ,

from the sa m e u ltim at e source as th e ir p a r a ll e ls in t h e

Te sta m e n ts .

O n t h e oth e r ha n d certai n cla u s e s a n d p hrases in the ,

Tal m u d a r e p robably to be traced to t h e Te st a m e n ts

“
Ch a g 1 2 . T Le v ii 7 iii . .
-
.

Se bach 6 2
“
.111 5 .

Sh a bb l 5l T Zeb v iii 3
b
. . . .

Be ra koth 6 1 T N a ph ii 8
b “
. . .

T J os i
“
Yo m a 3 5 . . .

The Ta rg u m of PS J o n on G e n e sis p a rticu larly Shows . .

this i n fl ue n ce
Targ u m PS J o n on G e n . T Sim ii 6 7 . . . . .
,

xxxv ii 1 9 2 0 ; x lii 2 4
.
, .

Targ u m PS J on on G e n . T Zeb iii 2 . . . . .

xxxv ii 2 8 .

Targ u m PS J o n on G e n . . .

x x x vfi . 30

25 . I N FLU E N CE O F THE TE S TA ME N T S 0N P ATRI S TI C

LI TE RATU RE
h a v e n o t l e f t m uch trace o n Patristic
Th e Te stam e n ts
lit e rature The followi n g writers m ad e u se of th e m :
.

H e rm as Ma n d I I 1 A 7t 6 T I SS v 1 Ti d 7t 0 77
,
. . .
c
77 . . . . p 77 77 a.
I6 Ic d m 9 o I I 66 ma i 6 d m
I
7 777 a
X ai i /CO t z/
r
6 y v x 7 770 a 0 /ca
. 1/
a
770
p 5 66 6 1 60

Ma n d ii . . 2 . M7706 1/ 09 Ica 7 a T I ss. . iii . 4 . O z) 1ea 7 6 7t d7x770 a '

'
.

I I
h a h et . 77 0777 07 6 .
l x i xv T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
Ma u d . ii . 5 . 0 2 71 61/ T
. I ss . iii . 8 . UG
30 1 .
7 0p
'
Xa /LB aJ / O V7 6 9 67t i B011 6 1/ o e ;
7 tea t 67t t B07t é1/ 02 9
ii . 4, CK 7 0
31/ x 077 w z/ '
a ou 77 a 2
p x o 1/ 611:
6 7 31/ drya 6c13v
0
'

00 7 6 p 0v/1 61/ 079 77 93 7 739 3

9 7779 07 777 1 . lea
p
'
01 30v 0561 9 u o v.
,

p oi n ts of coi n cide n ce are too

Th e n u m erou s here to be
accide n ta l .

Ma n d ii . . 6 .
'
O 0 31/ T . Ze b . v ii . 2 .
’
A 01 a 1cp 17 w 9
'
81 69309 60 7 w 77 0.1/ 7 a 9

'
St a /ePiz/ w z/ 1
7 M 61 6 0
17 6 Ka i 77a P X
. 6 6 7 6 77 a 1/ 7 1.

0 i 6700377 90
ad / 17 91. 0
7 q
( of . vi .

H e re the sam e ideas un derlie 7 786 Oi pivw v a n d 17 1/ a x

d Bi p i w 9
a /c I n discri m i n ate al m sgi v i n g is ta u ght in e a ch
7 .

p assage .

Ma n d . ii . 7 . K a
p sia

1e a 6 pa a . [e a t
3 I Ka i . 07 011 a 0 1 1/ di '

a m / 7 0 1. 9 .
,

Ma n d v i . . 2 . 1 . A 15O e a i iv'
T . Ju d . XX . 1 . A 15
0
'
d y yek m 71 6 7 0
' r
d1/ 6pa 7 . a
x oh d éo v o e
’ '
7 1 3
L

77 0 v 6 29 7 739 01 Ka 1 00 151/ 779

,
'

6700377 90 , 7 0 77 9 3 d7t 7766 1fa 9

m) 2 i
A I
a 6 9 77 9 3 77 0 1/ 77
p a 9 . Ka t 70 7 9 7
7 77 7
t a 1/ 779

Vis ix . 2 . T0 .
'
1c7 i 0 ,a a 7 a
'

'
6 ‘ e7 d 01 007 6. Ka i
. Ba ma dP7 0 1/ . “
1

70 9 2

I re n aeus ,
Fra gm e n t xv ii ( ed . . Stiere n , i . 8 3 6 8 3 7) -

E S 0Xp 1 0 7 09 0 6 7 v 77 07
'
677 Ka i Ica t
01 1/ 77
p
l
'
A e r/ 1
'
77 06 7 v77 11 7677 61c 06 1)
‘
wez/ 7 0 3 I b p
‘

w 0 77c
'
(ca 7 0
p 7
9
. .
,

’
1015
00 . 7 01eu 7 d . adp/ca ( 39 Ba o t h e f/ 9 Ka i 26 776 139 '
. ,
Th e
ge n u i n e n e ss of qu estion by
this fragm e n t has been cal led in
Har n ack ( Cese h d a ltehr is t l Lit t er a t u r I I i 52 1 . . . , . .
,

but th a t n eed n ot delay us h e re Th e first stat e m e n t .

seem s to hav e been su ggested by T J os i 2 4 a n d p ossibly . . .

-
,
 I N T RO D U CT I O N l xxv ii
by T Gad ii 3 ( B) while the d e sce n t from Le v i a n d J uda h
. .
,

is app are n tly deri ve d from T Sim v ii 1 2 . . .

-
.

O rige n i n J osu a m h omi l x v 6 ( e d Lo m m atzsch x i

,
. . .
, .

O rige n h e re e xp r e ssly cit e s the Testa m e n ts Th e q u otatio n .

is gi ve n in n ote on T Re u b ii 1 . . . .

Tert u llia n Th e p a ssage s in A dv Ma r ci on v

. 1 .
, .
,

Se orp ia ce 1 3 which ha v e b e e n g e n erally trac e d back to

, ,

T Be n j x i a re m ore p robably the so u rce of t h e i n t e rp ola

. .
,

tio n in that Te sta m e n t Th e Ar m e n ia n v e rsio n as we .

,

k n ow h a s n o s u ch stat e m e n t abou t St Pa u l There fore this

,
. .
,

additio n to B is at the b e st but a v ery late in t e r p olatio n .

J ero me Hom in P33 in A n e cdot a Ma re dsol iii 3

, . .
“
. .

( ed by G Mori n
. pp 2 2 39 ( S Hiero n Tr a ct de
.
,
. . . . .

Ps a l . I n libro qu o qu e Pa t r ia r ch a ru m lic e t i n ter

a p oc r yph o s co mp u t e t u r ita in u e n i u t qu om o do fe l a d , ,

ira c u n dia m Sic r e n es ad c a l l idit a t e m e t ad a s t u t ia m Si n t

,

cr e ati e t c , .

Ap os t olica l Ch u r ch Or d er T Da n ii 3 T 0 Aw 9 y i
¢ p . . . . 01 r c

Ka 1/ 01/ 6 9 60 7 t 1/ 0 6v7a 09 Ka i 3
0 1 1c 692
A iv i
A ’
A 77 00 7 0
A
7t w 1
f A 0 01/
7 031/ c / 0
p a 1/ 77 0 0 0777
7 6v

( ed . Har n ack pp , . 225

9

11 1 77 6 1 1 . 6 9
I

8 . T731/ f x i w
« rv

61c e i1/ 771/ 01 1c 3 692 01 a

Bh éxj/ a ‘
t 7 01/ dv6p w 77 01/ Ka i
.

I
i06 1 1/ d7t 7766 2a v
A

7 771/ .

Th e Church can o n s a re her e sp eaki n g of l u st an d

a n ge r .

Aga in , 307
0
f 1 Ka i T
. R eu b i v . . 7 ( B) . H ak k a /9

I ' '
d77 w yo v 0 1 1/ '

6 29 d 77 a 77t e o 6 1/ '
7
7 77 0
p z/ 6 1 a

A
y ép w v
I
6707 0 d 0uca . 1e a 1. 677 17 6 7
9 070 1 1/ Ic az/ '
77
a v7 0
A Ica t
( ‘I
0
77 o 1/ 7 a 1.
3

6 77 1. 7
A ,I
0 1/ 6 t 0o 9
t
6 a v7 01/
A Ka t
9 77
d 77 w 7t 6 1 9t
I A d 1/ 6p w 77 0v
l I A Beh t a p
7 01) .
y eh a wa 77 a
p a 7 0
9 .

Procop i u s G a z a e u s Com m in Gen , . . c xxxv iii . I ll e ,

u x or e
 l xx v iii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
d e fu n c t a , qu a e re ba t s u bo l e m t e st am e n to a iun t attes . In , ,

tatu r e i De u s , qu od diu e arn , c u m a dh u c esset Virgo J u das ,

h a bu e rit l u x it qu e in iqu it a t e m ej u s ( qu oted fro m Si n ker ,

p 4 n ot e ) This p assa ge is from Cl a u se r s Latin t ra n sla

.
, .
’

tion of t h e Gre e k t e x t of Proco p iu s which h a s n o t ye t b e e n ,

p ublish e d Th e r e fe r e n ce m a y be to T J u d x ii 8 xv 4
. . . .
, . .

Fi n a lly the Testa m e n ts a re m en tion ed a m on gst the

,

A p ocry p ha in the Stich o m etry o f Nic e ph orus the Syn o p sis ,

o f A tha n a si u s a n d in t h e An o n y m o u s List o f Ca n o n ical

,

Books p u blished by Mo n tfa u co n Petra a n d oth e rs Se e , , .

Sch ii re r CJ V iii 2 6 3 2 64 ,
. .
-
.

26 . I N FLU E N CE O F T HE TE S TA ME N TS O N THE NE W
TE S TAME N T

St . Ma t t h ew — Th e p a ssa ge s in St . Matth e w which Show

t he i n fl uen ce of t h e Te st a m e n ts a re al m ost e x cl u si ve ly those
which gi ve the sayi n gs a n d disco ur s e s of our Lord I will .

the re fore t a ke the m in t h e order th a t will b e st e x hibit

this fact .

1 Forgi v e n e ss . :

xviii 1 5 E 0 06 01 7 7 77 T Gad V i 3 ( B)
. .
'
1/ 1 0 77 7 0 . . .

Q 07 I I C I I 3

o
¢ 9 a 1c o6 1
a p0 7 61 0 0 1/ 6 a 7 a. 0 u, a a 77 0 06 1 77 6
6! A a! 3 r 3

X yf 6'
'
1/ 7ra o z/ a v7 o 6 1/ 61 7 1/
y e
9 6
p 7 77
o
A K
A 0 u a t a v 7 01/
I ,I

I
a o z/ o u
,

vi . 6 .
c
H0 1ixa 0 0 1/ 11 7
7 ) 6X13) !
$279
35 .
’
Bew 71 7)
‘
04
9 737 6 6
39 91 0 7 09 v . .
"
7 A d> e 9 3 93 077 0lea p 013a 9
01 7 .

7
93 d 0 e7t
¢93 3
0 1 7 01 ) 077 0
7031/ 1ca p 01 0
31/

W ith the above w e mu st take St . Lu ke xv ii . 3

E dv dudp7 77 0 d 067t ¢ 0
’
9 0 0 1/

01 7 3 93 , rea l 601/
.

I ,I ’ A
d
'
a >69 a v 7 0.
9
 I N T R O D U CT I O N l xx ix
Th a t h e re de p e n de n t ca n n ot
t he NT . p assag e s a re

reaso n ably be de n ie d Se e fu rth e r 2 7 p x ciii .

, , , . .

2 D u ty of l o v i n g God a n d o u r n eighbo u r
.

St Ma tt xx ii 3 7 3 9
. Ay
T Da n v 3
' ’
. Ay .
7 -
.
r a . . .
r a 77 7 0 a 7 6

77 K t I
1 6 K
I A o z/ 70/
I I
t ov
3 I
9 7 0 61
7 p v 6 01/ 7 01/ v
p 6 1/ 7
77
0 T90777
1

0 ou X73 l X73 « rv
,
rea l
'
0 ou a 1 7 773 60 7 0/ 77 6v 0A77 27 1rta
p 0 1a
t
'

I I 3 I

y 7w 6 1/ 7 07t 77
.

u ev a
,

I C I 9!
06 1/7 6 pa A rya
I

7
77 7 0 6 1 9 7 01/ 77 7t 770 1 01/ 0 01/

I
( 09 0 e a v 7 01/ .

t e x t is thus t h e first literary a u thority which con

O ur
joi n s t h e two grea t co mm a n ds of lo ve to God a n d lo v e
to o u r n e ighbou r .

3 Pass a g e s fro m t h e Se r m o n o n t h e Mo u n t :
.

T Be n j v iii 2 ( B )
' '
11 59 0Bh
.
V 28
. . 1 y 21c 1 0 6w 6 77 07 / r vz/ a a . . . .

A
6 7 7 1 7 0 6 77 18
a
6 p 0 17 0 0 a v 7 7 1/
I
ea vo ca z/ Ica
3 3

7 9 9 a a u 6 1/ 0 10
77
A c

707 é/
I r a

3 3
A

X 7 LO L
x GU O EV a v 7 7 1/ 6 1/ 01
‘

7 7 0 0 1.
9
r
7 y 9 p v z/ a uca 61 77 0

7 0
A A
le a 7
I
1. 1
I

77 / 9 1/ 6 t a 1/ .

Th e two p assa ge s dea l r e ally with t h e same s u bject i e that ,

. .

Is the p u rity or im p u rity o f the m in d or he a rt th a t co u n ts .

vi . 16 .
’
A cpa ve éo vm v 1ye p
'’ l
7 0 . T . Zeb v iii . . 6 (a ) . T 0137 0 ( i . e .

I a
a v 7 ai 1/
A 6!

077 039 lea /e t a

I
77 o9
3
0e7t <f> o v)
p 7 01/ a
A A i 6770377 0 1 9
I '’
7 019 L z/ 7 077p 00 0777 0 1/ d gba v t ée t .

T . J os iii . . 4 .

Ka i éda w d/xnv
.
93 A i yv77 7 r

I Q A 0
I
079 6 1/ 7
p d t a yw v
ai r
7
7 .

Her e the p hras e n c

’
/
a z lC
a V 7 0 77
p 00 077ro z/ is n ot fo u n d
elsewhere in this sen s e .

Vi . 2 2, 23 .
’
Be w
‘ 3
0 1 1/ 30
7 T I ss
. . iii . 4 ( B) . Hop e v cia 6 1/ 09
0¢ 6a h u09 0 ou 0<7
S6a 7t 71 0
3u
601/ 06 o 0 ou iv . 6 .
'
71 0 1/ 77 0 1 9
p 3 .

77 0 1/ 77
p 09 73 .
lx x x T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
In the NT . . h e re as in the Te sta m e n ts, t h e words
1
1 7 M7 09 , 1
1 71 7
10
-
09 , m ea n sou n d n e ss . Se e n ote loc .

v . 42 . T 13 01 7 5 06 809 . T Ze b
. . v ii . 2 . Ha péx6 7 6 7r11 1/ 7 1
d ud/7037 0
) dry/ 11 073 11 11 103511 .

v ii . 2 .
’
E z/ 0 [1 67 170
3
) 11 6 7
, p 6 27 6 , T Z e b V 3 E Z 7 1 31 1/ 7 01 73
.
’
. 0 7
7 . .

7 3
0 7r7
\770 [01/ 11 2 7 023 3 , 3
0 7 7 0)

K15p 1 09 3
’
71 01 7 0 6 1
[1 6 7 3 3
11 1 7 07 .

v . 19 . O9 8
’

3
11 1/ 77 0 1 7 0 3 77 11 11 1 T Le v
. . X iii . 9 . H139 39 611/
51 511577 , 0 0 7 09
[ 67 11 9
1 51 3110 11 6 1 11 109 1 1 11 11 1 71 01 7
7 1
’
9 730 6 7 11 1 7 3 ,8 11 0 17
7 t 6 1 11
‘
7 6 1 , 0 1 1/ 3 9 p 01/ 09 30 7 11 1 11 0 1

dpa I/ é
‘

7 0 1/ 3 o w .

4 . O ther sayin gs of o ur Lord '

X ii . 35 .
t
0 '
71 01/ 77
p o9 0 6p w 7 m9
'
1 1/ T A sh
. . i . 9 .
c
O 0770 11 vp 09 70 5
611 71 01/ 77 00 6770 c1
'

p v 3
7 51 11 ,8 o 50 0 .

é/cfi dk k a '

71 01/ 77 c
p i .

On th e se p assage s se e n ot e s on T A sh
. . i . 3 9 , .

X ii . 45 .
c
E7 71 1 T. R e u b ii . . 2 .

00 7 a .

Xix . 28 . K0 9 730 6 0 06 /1 11 1 13/1 6 29 T Jud

. . XX V . 1, T . Zeb . X . 2 ,

i 30389 9p 0 pi T Be nj 6
,
6 7T / 1 11 1/ o v 9 Ic . . X . .

1
71 9 30356 11 11
I 0 p11 73
’
7x .

the Testam e n ts t h e twe l ve so n s of J acob are to rise

In
to share in the Me ssian ic kin gdo m a n d each is to be a ,

chi e f or r u ler o ver his ow n tribe I n St Matthew th e ir . .

p lace is to be ta k e n by t h e Twel v e A p ostle s .

X ix 2 9 H k k wk m z a
. T Ze b v i 6 ( b d g )
. A 11 1 o a a
’
o / . . . . 1

\k 11 7r7Va 0 1 01/ 11
77 07 5 .

his cla u s e is fo u n d in a n a log o u s con te x ts in St

T .

Matth e w a n d t h e Te sta m e n ts I n t h e for m e r whoso e v e r .

,

fors a kes ho u s e s or br e thre n for Christ s sake shall receiv e ’

m a n i fo ld m or e ; in the latt e r whoso e ve r share s what he has ,

W ith his n e ighbo u r sh a ll recei v e m a n ifold m ore .

 lx x x u T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
X xv ii . 51 . T3 T . Le v x . . 3 . 2 x1 0 9 730 e 7 c1 1 7 3
7 01 3 11 11 01 3 60 9 40 9 77 . 3
7 0 1 011 0 13 a ( ) .

p a rall e l is doubtful as
This ,
t he te x t in t h e Te sta me n ts
is u n c e rtai n .

XX V 11 51 11 7 77 60 6 130 9 77 11 11 1 T Le v 111 9
‘
H r
11 0 1 77
Q
. .
, . . . .
yn
'
11 1 77 67 p11 1 60 9610 9 770 11 0 . 61 0 0 0 09

iv . 1 . 77 6 7 1 1 0 0
1 3
3 16 1 6010 0
96 1 1 .

p h en om e n a
Th e m e n tio n ed in t h e Te st a m e n ts p re l u de
the Fin al J udg m e n t .

St . Lu ke and the A cts— i . T Zeb. . V ii . 3, v iii . 2 . Ew l d y r

78 . 2 77 1 117 91011 61 1 6 0 09 . 6 1 600 9 .

This p hras e is first f ou n d in the Te sta m e n ts .

ii . 19 . 2 0 1/ 6 7 73
p6 1 5731 11 7 11
1 1 T . Le v . Vi . 2 . 2 0 11 6 7 7317000
I
31
I 3
3
7 11 1 7 11 61/ 7
33 11 11 3
1 1 1 7 00 9 7\01yo v 9 7 00 7 0 0 9 6 1/
'
a 37 fi9 . 7 3 11 11p 31 11
3 11 00
,
. Cf . V 11 1 .

19 . 611 30039 11 11 11 1 ye r 7 01 7 0 3
61/ 7 3 11 11 7311
3 1 3 .

Here t he d e pe n d e n ce of L u k e on o ur t e x t se e m s cle a r .

Se e n ot e on T Le v v i
. . .

ii . 37 . N7) 0 7 6 15
11 1 9 11 11 1 36 730 6 T . J O S iv . . 8 . N710 7 6 1a 1/ 11 11 1
77 700 6 0
1 953 7 0 .

gre e m e n t in this i n ve rsio n of the u sual ord e r

Th e a of

thes e words is sign ifica n t .

ii . 52 . X dp 1 7 1 1
77 11 1 1
1 9 6 3
0 11 11 1 T . Re u b i v . . 8 . X dp w
a v
I

9p w 77 0 1 9 . 9
A
6 00 11 11 1 a v 9p w 7r w v
I
.

Th e words are u sed of J os e p h in t h e Te sta m e n ts .

vi . 1 0 A 77 6 11 11 7 6 0 7 119 77 73 xe ip
’
T Sim
. . ii 13 . 1
1 77 011 11 7 11

0 7 11 9 77 77 X6 13
0 11 00 .

1
I n Da n . iv . v
2 5, h o w e e r, w h e re h ere is n o t Ma ss ore tic t xt c
e orre s p on d ng, i
t he LX X h a s 3 11 01113111 a vuer fipnore
1 67 003 60 7 2 .
 I N T R O D U CT I O N l xxx iii
X . 1 9 , 2 0 A 630711 11 . 7 7 1/ 3 T Sim
. . vi . 6 . T 37 6 30 9 73
0 67 a 1

65000 111 0 7 01 3 77 11 7 6 10 1
77 1 07 11 71 1 77 0 6 1 5
11 11 7 11 77 9 3
n i 77 11 0 11 0 3 313011 11 10 3 77 7 1 3 1
'
€ n 7 7 0 7 07 1 1 07 9
3 619 11 11 7 11 77 1 7 730 1 0

6
9
9 00
A 777
a
1 770 6 0 7 00 7
I
11 11 1 0 1 1109 170777 01 8 11 0 171 6 13
x p )
0
3 3 17 37 1 71 1 W V GI I 0 00 0 1 0 7 0
30 77 0073012
30 7706 0 3

11 117 070
Q A f I
1
3 11 7 11 U /J/ LV 0 77 0 7 a 0 0 6 7 11 1
‘

. .

T. Le v . xv iii . 12 . A 030 6 1
63000 1 11 0
I A
7 01
I
7 6 11 0 0 1 9 11 0 7 00
3 A
9
A 3 I
” O I/ 77p“ W V GU
' '
7Ta 7 6 1 1/ 6 77 0 7 a

1 11 7 11 .
3

seem clearly h e re to ha v e s u ggest e d or

Th e Te sta m e n ts ,

to hav e b e e n the source of the NT p assage , . .

X ii . 45 .
3
13110 36 3 301371 09 T. J os iii . . 5 .
’
E c w 36
‘
1
1 77 6
f I I
611 6 2009 60 7
33 3
11 1 7 01 3 373
11 6 1 0 11 0
p 1 09 11 00
,
0 1 0 00

Xp00£ § 6 1
I I
671 11 11
3 3’
0 ICU 0 0 11 6 77 1 000 11 11 1
‘
l/ O S 11 0 0
p ,
.

I I
6pX6 0 9 11 1 , 11 11 1 11305777 11 1 8 11 000 11 00
3 7 770 11 11 1

60
3 I
91 6 10 76 11 11 1
I
77 1 06 10 11 11 1 6
I
31 3000 11 07 730 7 01
A9 I
77 6 0730 1 0 .

06 9 130 11 6 0 9 11 1 .

co n tra st e d co n du ct her e a m e r e coin cide n ce

Is the Th e
u n faith f u l s e r v a n t in the Gos p el does e x actly wh a t J os e p h

sh u n n e d doi n g .

XV . 1 7 E 139 611 0 7 30 36 671 9 030

. . T . J os iii . . 9 .
3
H71 9 O 0 619 3
611 11 07 30
Xvi . 2 . T1
’
7 01 7 0 3 1
1 11 01 0) 3 T . J os . X1 1 1 . 1 . Ti 7 01 7 0 3 3
1
1 11 00 0)
I
7re 1 0 00
A
p

Possibly a coi n ciden ce ; but if so ,

a remarkabl e on e .

xv ii . 3 . Se e on Matt xviii . . T Ga d
. . vi . 3 .

15 abo ve .

X x ii H0730 60 11 137 0 29
’
. 27 . E ryri) 36 60 T JO S
. . X v ii . 8 .

xxii . 31 .
‘
0 2 11 7 11 a 167 7 77 T Be n j
. . iii . 3 .
’

E c10 71
1
l xxx i v T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
0 11 7 0 3
1 11 11 9 7 01 7 0 1 7 1 1 0 11 1 1 [1 0 7 11 7 01 3 136 71 111 10 6 19 1
77 1 0 11 0

1 9 3 7 30 0 27 00 . 77 007771 11 0
15 9 7 uf\]1 6 109 6511 1 7 75
0 10 07 11 1

xx iv . 32 . 03X1 75 11 a
p 31 11
’
Na p h . v ii . 4 .
’
E ycb 36
r

11 11 1 006077 730

A cts V ii . 10 .
’
E fe buw o 11 07 30 T . Re u b i v . . 8 , 10 . E 1106 0
611 3 7 1130
’
9 X1 xlr e w 0
I 3 I
@ 6 00
A
7711 0 1 0
X a
pw 6 010 77 1 00 11 11 1
I I
1 6310 11 6 0 07 13
9

3 9 pco 77 100
a
11 1 7 01 3, 11 11 11 11 0 6
pp 0 0 11 7 0

1 1 3 10 0 6011 07 100 07 30 1177 3 39 311 11 7 013

X p 10 1 11 11 00
9 11 7711 07
I
( 1311 011 03
1 . 11 11 1 ICE/C U LGV O U
p / 9 11 011 7 00 .

p hras e to fi n d fa v our etc is origin ally fo u n d in

Th e , , .
,

1 Sa m ii 2 6 ; Pro v iii 4 . I t is rem arkabl e that it is

. . . .

used in co n n ection with J os e p h in A cts as it was p r e v io u sly

in T Reub . .

v ii . 16 . R e ub v ii 2 T . . . .

Th e state m e n t here in A cts that the bo n e s of the p atri

archs were carri e d u p to Sheche m is fou n d first in ou r te x t .

Se e n ote on T R e u b v ii 2 . . . .

v iii . 23 . X 07670 77 1 11
p
’
1 11 9 . T . Na p h . ii . 8 . X 0k 770
‘
77
p 39
'
77 1 11 1 11 0
p .

is a p a ro n o masia h e re if
Th e re t he Greek is retran slated
back i n to H e br e w or A ra m aic .

X ii . 11 . E g a 77 60 7 6 111 6 0
‘
’
3 T Sim . . ii . 8 .
‘
O @6 39
K1ip 1 o 9
I
3 3
9

7 30 11 1 7 01 a 77 6 0 7 6 1 7te 7 00

A lthough
the words a re fou n d orig in ally in Da n iii .

yet t h e a dditio n 6 3 76 1 130 or 6 X 0 39 is p e cu liar to 11 71 0 6 1 01 , 11 6 0 ,

t h e a bo v e t w o p assag e s W h e r e the Te st a m e n ts ha v e .

0 11 7 0,t h e L XX o f Da n i e l has 6 and Th e o do t io n 0 10 0 6

Bu t if traditio n is tr u stworthy Th e o do t ion s

’

653 171 0
6 11 7 . ,

ve rsio n was n ot m a d e till the seco n d ce n tur y A D . .

 I N T R O D U CT I O N lx x xv

x iv 23 Hp O O GU EdLLGV O L 1 T Be nj i 4 Hp00 7715g ‘a

‘
'

. . 11 6 7 1 . . . . 70
I ,

1
1
0770 7 6 1 1 0 23 .
[1 6 7 6 0770 7 6 11 9 .

St . J oh n i . 9 . T3 T Le v
. . xiv T 3 151139
. 4 .

3 (11 107 117

61 77 1 07 11 1 6109 p 1077 00 7 3 30 9 60 6 19
4x0 7 1 0
6pxé/1 6 000 6 9 1 7 30 11 30 7711 07 39 110 9 5
010770 0 .

Th e d e p e n d e n ce
N T here c a n hardly be qu estio n e d of t he . . .

Se e n ot e o n T Le v x i v 4 Schlatt e r ( 8107 11 1 11 0 71 71 11 Heim a t

. . . .

d es E va ng el is t en p 1 8 s q ) p o i n ts out that t h e , . .

p hra se 1 1 9p 6px31 6 0
77 1 07 11 19 7 3 1 0 was a 00 1 00 6 0

fam ili a r J e wish e xp re ssio n NJ S D Th e Test a ‘ '

, .

01 19 7 ) 1 a
r
m e n ts h e re wo uld 3 m 77 m m T IN
m "
.

iii . 19 . T Na p h ii 1 0
. Se e n ot e
. . . .

v. 4 1, 44 . A 3§ a 0 7711
p 1 110
1 T Be nj V i 4 06111 6 77 1 86966 7 61 1
. . . .
2

9 pc377 10 0 77 0 5 33511 0 11 11 1 117 1 1 111 0

1
5 3 00 @ 6 013
1
7 7 0 77 a 1 11 0 77 10 0
p .

XV 26 T3 7706 1711 11 59 11k m

77 T Jud . . XX . 1, 5 .

We p ass on to the i n fl u e n ce e x e rted by the Test a

n ow

m e n ts o n St Pa u l Fro m t h e e viden ce p rese n tly to be

. .

add u ced it will be clear that St Pau l was thoro ughly

,
.

fa m ilia r with t h e Gr e e k tra n sl a tio n of the Te stam en ts that ,

his E p istles are de p e n d e n t occa sio n ally both as regards

m att e r a n d f or m or as r e gards these s e v erally o n t h e Gre e k
, ,

v e rsio n of the Testam e n ts— a n d that t h e v ersion deri ve d from

H “
,
I n ord e r to p ro v e this stat e m e n t I will sel e ct two
11 .
,

p a ss a ges which are dire ct qu o tation s fro m t h e Te sta m en ts .

A ft e rward the p arall e ls will be d e alt with in their ord e r .

1 T hess ii . . 16 . E ¢ 9 11 0 6 0 36 T Lev
. . vi . 11 .
"
E ¢ 911 0 6 36

5 3137 75 5 3507 75 7 013

’

677 11 1 7 03 39 7 3 39
11 1 7 0 7 @ 6 017
@ 6 013 D , E F G I t a la Vu lg ,
. 1
6 9 7 67t 09
Goth ) 19 67t 09 . 6 7 .

H e re 8 re ads K p1 0 ,
0 0 for
l xxx i v T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
Ro m . 1 . 32 . 0 13 11 0000 11 137 11 T As h
. . Vi . 2 . K11 1 7711 110 0 0 00 1
3 1171 71 11 11 11 1 0 006 0 7 3 11 11 11 00
I
11 11 1 0 0 06 03011 00 0 1
A
77 01 01 0 1 0 ,

A A9
1 1
I
3011 00 0 10 7 01 77 1 11 0 0 00 0 1 0 .
1 70 9 1 77 71 0 0 00 0 1 0

p assag e is fo u n d in 11 11 1 f
This Bu t si n c e by A 11 .

o m it w e m a y co n clude that a e f h a v e here been in fl u

,

e n ce d by a n d 11 m a y be n egl e cted as a co fl a t e MS
11 , n .

H e n ce the abov e two p assa ge s show that it w a s the te x t 11

th a t w a s u s e d by St P a u l . .

Ro m i 2 1 E .
Q
1 9 7 7 T R e u b iii 8
. N 3 p 9
.
’
0 11 07 0 7 7 . . . . 60 7 6 0
A A A I

120 0
I
3 3
9 I a
11 0 7 100 11 11 1 11 0 11 07 1 7 0 0 000 0 11 1 7 00
9 a 0 0 06 7 0 p . .

ii . 15 . 2 011 11 11 107 011 0130 779 11 1 7 3 330 J ud . xx . 5 . T3 77 06 1311 11

375 111 6 7 11 31)

A 9
9
I A
5
7 7 9 0 0 06 1 0 6 10 9 11 11 7 779 11 71 77 6 111 9 11 11 7 77 0 1
7 1 6 1

1 1701 75
71 100 3
7 1 0 71 07 1 0 11 630 1
77 1 07 10 0 11 11 1 611 776 77 13p 1 0 7 11 1
11 0 7 777 0 00 0 07 100.
I Q 9
0 0 1 11 1 7 1071 09
a
6 11 7 71
A9 a I
31 11 9
1 1 1 1

11 11 0
1 3111 9 .

Vi . 1
’
E 77 111 601011 6 0 1 111 0 1) T. Le v . iv . 1 .
’
E 77 111 6 00130 1

L
0 7 11 9 1 1 131 11 111 1 9 .

vi . 7 A6 31 11 11 1107 11 1
. 1 771 3 77 59 T Sim
. . vi . 1 A 1 11 11 1 10 9 33 1177 3
’
1111 11 11 7 111 9 .
5 1111 11 p7 1 11 9 1511 1270
77 9 ,
.

1X 2 1 . . 0 3X 6X6 1 6f 00 0 111 0 3 Na p h ii 2 0136 0 3 11 6pa . . .

39 3 5
3
11 6 111 11 6 1
1 9 7 013 777771 013 611 7 01 3 16
1 7 0 11 6 1 09 3 77 1 0 0 0

3 3 (10171111 11 7 09
A 3 I
11 1 7 01 5
77 01 7 0 11 1 .
76 10
5
06 1 11 11 1 77
p 09 11 0 7 0 < > 6
f p 61
I
7 00

x ii . 1 . H a
p a 0 7 7 0 11 1 5 71 1 01 3 Le v . iii . 6 . Hp 0<1> 6p 0 07 6 9
11 11 7 11 1311 330 9 0 0 111 0 7
13 K0p110 30 11 75
0 3 3111 9
6 1 10

@ 6 13 3 11
6 1 0 1 6 0 7 00, 7 7 05 71 0 Ko y 1 11 75
r/
0 9 00 111 0 .
4

11 11 7 11 6 1 11 0
I f
0 1 10
A0
7 1 11 770 1 .

x ii . 8 .
‘
0 11 6 7 11 31 30 1
3
9 60 11 T 18 8
. . iii . 8 . Ha p e ixo v
I
77 71 07 777 1 . 60 11 11 1
1 31 11 9 1 00
1 .

x ii . 21 . M75 01 11 113 1 773 3 7 01 3 T. Be n j . iv . 3 . 0 137 09 7 3

1
0 11 11 60 7 1 3 1 111 9 30
1 7
77 0 1 330 01 11 1 1
A I

7 11 9 10
3
11 7 0 11 11 11 0 0 .

. o .

1 2 T1 6177 11 7 00 0 11 07 009
1 9 A I
T Nap h ii 10
"
E 107 11
X 111 . . . . . . . ( 1 137 0 9
1 .

Da n v
'
XV . 3 3 0 36 @ 6 39 7 759 6 11075
. 0759 . T. . . 2 .
 I N T R O D U CT I O N l x xxv ii
1 Co r . iv . 4 . 0 13330 T 18 8
. . V ii . 1 . 0 1311 37 010 0
3 5 1 07 15
111 11 5 Of
5
6 1 11 0 7
13 0 1 11 6 10 1 11 0 . . T.

6 0 7 007 90
I
Zeb i . . 4
M7)
A I
Na p h K11 1/739 7 11p
3
V 11 . 5 . 11 77 00 7 6
p € 1 7 6 01 70\n T . . V 111 . 8 .

7 0011 1 11 69 ,
I I

111 9
9
1
a
71 00 9 , 61 11 777 1
,
6 11 0 011
1310 000 0 0 0 00 0 11 11

p 39 1 39
’
11 7 6 11 9
11 11 1 6r
y /1 p € 77
p0
0 60 7 0 11 1 7 00 . 3
A
x 7

These a re o n ly two state m e n ts on this subj e ct

t he in
J e wish and Christi a n lit e rat u re before 6 0 A D . .

Xi . 31, 32 . E 13 33
5
6 11 07 0 1 9 3 Be nj . Vi 5 . 7 . K0 60 1p6 1 77 0

6 31 11001 0 0 0 137 0077 p39 7 3 11 75

1
31 6 11 1710011 6 0
’
0 1 11 3 1 0 6 11
p 10 ,
I
36 3 3
f
11
p 1 00/1 6 00 1 0 77 0 11 0 7 0 7 0070 97500 1 1 77 7 1 00
Kvp Lo v
'
1 6pa777 10 0 311 01109
’
1 0 11 0 1 {1 77 3

5 0 6
11 11 7 11 11 01
7 1 60
1 . 0 6 00
X iii . 5 .
(H
‘
117 1177 77) 013 T Ze b
. . VI I I . 5 .
’
A vya 77 11 7 6 c17x
I

£ 6 7 11 1 7 0 11 11 11 00. 11 0 1 1
,
17 5 K09 123 0 66 1

311 0 0 7 09 77 0 5 b d 9)
11 0 11 0 0 1 77
p 39 7 30 113ex4330
3
11 1 7 01 3 .

Here surely we hav e the source of St Paul s n ota ble .

’

words Lo ve doe s n ot e n ter in a ledger the wron gs do ne

.

to it .

x iii . 6 .
( H 117 117777)
'
01 3 77 11
p T. Sim iv 8 3
19 15
009 )
I 3 ’I

0 55 1 06 7 11 1 . 77 0
p 0 § 006 1 11 0 1 6 1 9 6 11 0 7 0 0 1 0
I
31 0 00 1 0 0
,I
0761 7 770 .

2 Co r . Vi . 1 4 , 1 5 T19 . 11 0 1 0 10 Le v x ix . . 1 .
’
E x k éf0 0 9 6
0 1 11 77 09 0 11 07 09
I
7 19
Q 0 A90 7 01
‘
31

77 70
A 77
a

70
p 6

K0p1 0 0
I
Xp 1 0 7 013
I fi I
33 0 011 3
1 100770 1 9 0 11 0 7 0 9 77 7 0 0

3 eMa 5 3 6 1 10 5
1 ’
77
p 9 B p 7 71 éprya 0 .

V ii . 10 .
c
H 1
71 1p 11 11 7 1 1 @ 6 30 T. Gad V . 7 .
(
H 1711p 11 0 7 11
0 6 30 1111 77675
9 11 6 7 1100 1 0
I

11 6 7 1 001 01 0 1 6 9 1 0 107 7;

1
Th e w or ds h a t tf
o ll ow h er e m a y b e a on d e mn a on o f I s sa ch ar s c ti ’
se l f m -
co

p l ac e ncy ft
A e r 1111 11177 1110 (3 a d d s 001011 7 00, b u t h s l ook s l k e a gl oss ti i so ft i g en n

tt t i it
.

t h e s a emen a om t s ,
a l so A . . .
 vi
l x x x ii TE ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
p 1a v 01 6 7 0
1 07 11
061 777 00 65 33777 6 1 7 3 31 0 3 015
7 000 7r 3
p s
{6 7 0 1 0 10 7 77 710 0
.
1 .

ix 7 . . 00 5
115 350777 0 1 7
35 11 0 3
p 10 . T . Reu b i . . 9 .
’
E0 77
p 00 1
p 60 61

1
« 1 11 7
71 19
Ephe s i . . 5 T75
0
. 61 33011 10 0 7 01 3 T Be n j
. . xi . 2 11 01 130 . 61 33011 10 0
3 0
01 70 . 9 61 75
11 0 7 09 0 137 013 ( B) .

ii T Be n j 1 11 4 T013 11e p 1o 0
" ’
A pxo w 5 f
’
. 2 . a 77 9 6 000 1 0 9 . . . .

7 01 3 1165
009 . 5
77 06 1 11 0 7 09 7 0 03 61 10 5
0 ( B) .

iv . 18
’
E 0 11 07 10/1 6001 73 531 0 T . Reu b . 1 11 . 8 . 2 11 07 12 100 7 30

iv . 25 . 11 0 11 6 27 6 1705
1 96 1 0 0 T . R e ub . Vi . 9 ; T Da n . V . 2 .

611 0 0 7 09 [1 6 7 31 1 7 01 3 777t 770 100

0 137 013 .

words in E p hesian s a n d in both these Te stam e n ts

Th e
a re draw n fro m Zech v iii 1 6 No n e of the Gre ek form s . . .

in t h e Testa m en ts agree e x actly with the L XX of that

p assage n or do a n y two of the three p assages agree e x actly
,

with e ach other Hen ce all we ca n say here is that the .

occurren ce of this q uotation twice in the Te stam en ts ma y

hav e s u ggested its use to St Paul . .

HX6 6 7 79 0 6 1 0 T J ud x ix 1 See 001 iii 5

' ( 'I
V 5
. . 00 11 7 07 . . . . . . .

v . 6 . M77BE1? 1
1 770 7 1 7 10 1 T . Nap h iii . . 1 .
’
E u X67 01 9
11 6 00 19 X67 01 9 . 11 6 00 9 1 1
1 770 7 1 0 7 1 1 19 «
1 0
x09

311 100
1 .

V . 8, 9 .
"‘
H7 6 ydp
r 7 07 6 T . Na ph . ii . 10 . 0 033 60
0 11 67 09 , 0130 33 60 5
0 11 1 7 6 1 307 6 9 31500 0 9 6
K0p 197 °
139 7 611 00 1
77 01 6 0 1 7 0
7 15 1
1 10 7 69 .

77 6
p 1 77 0 7 6 7 6 1 .

V. 18 . M7511 6 9 00 11 6 0 9 6 1 1
0 0 0, T Jud
. . x iv . 1 . M75 [1 6 6150 1

60 60 7 10 110 107 10 . 11 6 0 96 1 1 0 00 .

T. J ud x vi 1 . .
”
E 0 7 1 0 7 11p 60
77 0 6 1 5
11 0 7 11
1
1 0 10 7 10 9 .
xc T E ST A M E NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
is t ic of the Te stam e n ts a n d in a seco n da ry degree of the
P a u li n e E pistles ) 0 636 231 9 0p6 6 6 , 77 1 , 0 /C 0,
’
31 0 6p6 0 1 9 6K000 1 09
’

, 31 0 0 1 077701 0 60 , , 6 7c7
p g b
6 w ,

I I I I
9 77700
I
31 0 79 9 0 X77 0)
a I c 9 a
6 001 x 6 07, 6 007 779 , 6 770 x 00 0) , 6 0 01 , 7 1 09 , , ,

6 K0 7 0 300X6co , K60 30 00 s,
’
2X0 p09 , 11 0 0 7 779 ,
7 K0 7 0 969 6 1p a7,

6 K 11 69 M50 1 9 71 6000 09 ,
’
Ick 77
p w ,
9 6
7 0 09, b
p g fi 07 1 0 7
Ic v , , ) 9 01 30p 09 , ,

I I I I I 30077
I

71 o k u 0 71 o 9 , .m70 1 9
71 0pd 71 0x009 , , 0 00 06 0 10 , 0 ,

1 A I
7 0770 9
C I al

3
I

41 70770 1 9
a
a 7 o9, 6 0 0) 6
O LICELO Q , 0 1 7 6 07, 0 96 , o
p 00 , p p 770 ,

69
’
77 0
p 6 10 6
px o 1 0 1,
7 77 0po 1 009 , 77 0 7
p 1 /c , 77 60779 , w ep 1 6 p yd § o71 0 1 r
,

K6 006 /c7 6 a)
I I I I I
77 1 07 779 , 777t 0 0 71 0 , 77 3 0 7 7 6 1 0, 77 , 77
p0
5
1 0 7 7771 1 , 77p 07co '77 7 7
, 77
p o 77 07 wp , 0 7 6 7 07 1 0 ,
76 7 07 671 0 Xo 9 ,

00
4 9 3 00 9 ,
7 6 P aul s s p e e ch in A cts )
00
44700 0077 ( also in
’

{57 9 {5
1 00 3 9 0 p6 p,1 i
} 5 69 7 00
77 (
W m7
h / 06 00 , 77 6 7c776 00 0 , 1 77 07 7 1 1, a 0 0,

9007 1 9 A larg e list m ight be 7 0 ,

gi ve n of those comm on to t h e Testa men ts a n d t h e Lu ca n

writin gs Luk e a n d t h e A cts Ma n y of t h e abo v e words
, .

a re rare .

J am e s i . 2 . H00 0 0 xa p cw ‘
T Da n
. iv . 5 .
’
E 00 36 {In/1 60
I I

77 7701 1 0 65
c (

K6 10
A I
7 07 0 0
707
7 0 7 10 3
77 6 1 7 0 0 71 01
A9 77 6
I
177 6 0 777 6 A
7 p 0

71 77 6x 9p06 1 0 66 .

77 0 1 x 17\0 9 . 3 .

i . 27 . ®p770 1c e ia 98
K11 611 7 1 Ka i T . J os i v . . 6 .
’
E0 Ka 9a p a
I

7 360 } 671 0 0 1 0
0 71 1 0 07 09 .
00 7 x0 . 07

071 1 007 0 1 9 .

Both passage s re late to the worshi p of God .

iii . 10 .
’
E 7 0 0x 6 T Be nj vi 5
7 01 0 70 07 . . .
e
H 070 9 77 1

§
I

71 0 7 09 6 6
pX 67 0 1 6 0 A01y10 31 0001 0 0 07% 6X6 1 300
I
3
I I
x0 e 07k0¢y1 0 9 x0 1

x 07 0p0 9
iv . 7 .
’ ’
A 07 1 0 7 777 6 T . Na ph . VI I I . 4
’
Ec w
‘
0 30
I
31 0 8 07uo , K0 2
n

6707 00 770 9 6 7 3
60
’
81 96 071 1230 . x 0k 6 31 08 0Xo 9
071 630 .
 I N T RO D U CT I O N xci

1 P e t e r iii 3 .
-
5 . T . Reub V 5 . . . Se e n ote .

2 P e t e r ii . 3 . HX0 0 7 019 T . Re u b iii . . 5 . l

I k a 07 6 1 0
/

7x67 01 9 . X67 0 0 9 .

ii . 4 E 139 1c
p
'
10 10 7 77 0 0
p T . Re u b v . . 5 . E 19 0 61 0 0 1 0
0 50301 00 7 6 7 7 0777 0 1 77 . Cf .

T Gad
. v ii . 5 .

J ud e 6 . R59 1c
p
’
10 1 0

77
7 6 7 7 7770 6 0 .

7 .
‘
9 9 177 70 T Na p h
. . iii . 4 .
‘
9 9 2 63071 0

H e re t h e sam e re fe re n ce to t h e un n atural lu sts of Sodo m

occu rs in both .

0 39 KEE ZT E 31 0 A 31 0 1cp5
’
22
’
. G T Ze b
. . V ii . 2 . 7 079

IC LD
p é/J GII O L 36
0 0 346 7 6 7r u 3
p 9 1
6 6 07 6 .

0p77 0§ 007 6 9 ( K L P) .

H e re St J ude m a y be de p e n de n t on o ur te x t A t all
. .

e v e n ts it su gge sts a n easy e m e n d a tion of this p ass a ge By .

i n sertin g be fore 31 71 606 0 th e n w e sho u ld ha ve 00 3 0 0 1 ,

O n so m e ha v e m ercy witho u t h e sita tio n ; others sa v e

with fe a r p l u ckin g the m fro m the fire
, .
” 1

R e ve lation iii . 12 T679 T . Da n v . 12 . T739 0 096

'
0 0 1 07 9 3 1 6 70000 0 1 07711 . I ep o v 0 0 k 77
71 .

This xp ressio n occurs

e in the Te sta m e n ts for t he first
t i me in J e wish lit e rat u re .

v 8, v iii . 3, 4 . T Le v . . iii . 7 . Se e n ote .

V 11 . 17 . 0 07 009 T . A sh . vi . 6 . E5
0 é
¢p 61

‘
677 1 { 07739 09 0307 070 3 30 5 éw 770
’
77777 . 02 7 6 9

Cf T J u d
. . . xx iv . 4 .

1
Th e ab o v
t o be t he m o s
e a pp
sa s a o ry e men a on o f
ea rs h s un t ti f ct d ti ti «

sa s a ti f ct
ory e of ud e t xtA B :9 g e h re e J iv t
l a u s e s h ere , b u t t h e h r d h as c ti
p t itt p pp t
.

r o ba bl y a rise n h ro u gh a d ogra h y K L P are m ore or l e ss su or e d b y

t x i J i
.

C, Cl e men o f Al e a n d r a , Pesh itt o , e ro m e Se e B gg s Commen t a ry 071 St P e ter

’
.

ic i ti p
.

a n d J u d e f or a d s uss on o f h s a ss a g e .
x cu T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
xi. 19 .
’
H001 y77 6
'
1 00 39 70 0 T
. Le v v . . 1 . Se e n ot e .

(9 6 00 6 3 01300 0 3
’

7
0 7 0 .

This hea v e n ly tem ple is first re fe rr e d to in t he

Testa m e n ts .

27 . TE A CHI N G OF THE A U THO R 0N FO RGI V E NE ss , THE

Tw o G REAT CO MMAN DME NT S U N IV E RS ALI S M , ,

T HE

ME SS I A H ,
T HE R E S U RRE CTIO N THE A N TI CHRI S T
, ,
A ND

ITS I N FLU E N CE O N THE NT

This book with its grou n dwork fro m t h e close of t h e

,

seco n d ce n tury B C a n d its first c e n tur y B C addition s

. . . .
,

form s a u n i que con trib u tio n to o ur k n owle dge of those

ti me s F or t h e sake of bre v ity a n d clear n e ss I will tre a t
.

t h e subj e ct o f this s e ctio n u n der v a rio u s h e a di n gs .

Forgiven ess — Wk h a v e in o u r te x t a p a ss a g e of tr u ly
e p och m aki n g
-
i m p o rtan ce I t s i m p o rta n ce ca n n ot be
.

gr a s p ed u n til w e con trast t h e t e a chin g o f t h e Ne w Te stam e n t

with that of t h e O ld on t h e qu estion of a m a n s fo rgiv e n e ss ’

of his n e ighbou r I n the Ne w Te sta m en t from t h e first

.

p age to t h e l a st it is either e xp licitly stated or i m p licitly

un d e rstood tha t a m a n ca n o nl y rece i ve t h e di vin e fo rgiv e
n e ss o n co n ditio n that he forgi v e s his n eighbo u r I n de e d .
,

in their e ss e n tia l as p e cts thes e two forgi ve n e sses are s e e n

,

to be on e a n d t h e sam e But in t h e O l d Testam e n t it is .

ve ry di ff e r e n t Th e re in d e e d God s forgiv e n e ss is gra n ted

.
, ,
’

witho u t m on e y a n d with o u t p rice t o the sin n er who tru ly ,

s ee ks it Bu t t h e p e n it e n t in the O l d Te stam e n t co uld

.

a cc e p t a n d e n joy t h e di v i n e p ardo n a n d yet ch e rish t h e ,

m o st bitter feeli n gs t o wa rds his o w n p e rso n a l e n e m y ,

Da v id o n his d e a th be d shows this u n forgi vi n g s p irit

-

wh e n h e ch a rges Solom o n n ot to l e t J oa b s hoa r h e ad ’

go down to the grav e in p e ace ; a n d comm a n ds him to

[

deal si m il a rly with Shi m e i though Da v id had p rom ised to ,

 I N T R O D U CT I O N x c iii

p reser v e his life There is ce rtain ly the n otable in stan ce

.

o f J os e p h s fo rgi v e n e ss of his brethre n ; bu t this act of

’

grace on J o se p h s p a rt do e s n o t see m to ha ve i m p r e ss e d
’

later O T writ e rs or led th e m to u rg e J os e p h s co n du ct

. .
,
’

th e re in as worthy of i m itatio n Th e re is o f co u rs e .
, ,

t h e n oble p assage o n the s u bj e ct of be n e fi ce n c e to o e s

’
n

en e my in Pro v x v 2 1 2 2 I f thi n e e n e m y be hu gry

. x .
,
: n ,

gi v e h im bre ad to e a t ; A n d if he be thirsty gi ve ,

h im water to dri n k F or thou sh a lt h e a p coa ls o f fire

.

u p o n his head A n d t h e Lord sh a ll reward the e

,
Bu t to .

show how far these words are fro m re p re sen ti n g t h e

attitu de which the sain ts sho u ld ado p t to thos e who
wron ge d th e m we ha ve o n ly to turn back to the p rece di n g
,

cha p t e r ( Pro v xx i v 1 7 . wh e re w e r e c e i ve this re m ark

.
,

abl e p ie ce o f adv ice Rejoice n ot wh e n thin e e n e m y ,

falleth A n d le t n ot thin e h e art be glad whe n h e is

,

o v erthrow n L e st the Lord see it a n d it dis p lea se Him

: , ,

a n d He t ur n away His wrath fro m h im More o v e r t h e .

,

righteous m a n ca n p r a y for God to m a k e him stro n g e n ou gh

to p ay out his e n e m ies : Do tho u O Lord hav e m e rcy “
, ,

u p o n m e a n d raise m e u p that I m a y r e qu ite th e m

, ,

( Ps x li
. . Th u s we m a y c o n clud e o n the whole that
in the O ld Testam e n t the sai n t as well a s t h e sin e r could n

i n d u lge in re se n tful fe e lin gs or e v e n in p erson al v e n g e an ce .

Now that w e ha ve grasp ed t h e co n flicti n g attit u d e s of

the O l d a n d Ne w Te stam e n ts on this gr e at m oral a n d
religio u s qu estio n w e are abl e to appre ciat e t h e v a l ue of
,

t h e co n trib u ti o n which the Te sta m e n ts m ake in this

directio n This co n tributio n is fo u n d in T Gad v i 3 7
. . .
-

( se e also 2 6 p l xx v iii) Th e se ve rses a s I hav e said in m y

, . .
,

n otes co n ta i n the m ost r e m a rkable stat eme n t o n the

s u bj ect o f fo rgi ve e ss in a ll an cie n t lit e ra t u re Th e y show
n .

a won de r fu l i sight i n t o t h e true p sychology of t h e qu e stio n

n .

So p erfe ct are t h e p a r a ll e ls in tho u ght a n d dictio n b e twe e n

x c iv T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
these v erses a n d L u ke xv ii 3 Matt xviii 1 5 3 5 that w e .
,
. .
, ,

m u st ass u m e our Lord s ac q u ai n t a n c e with th e m Th e

’
.

m ea n i n g of forgi v e n e ss in both cases is the high e st a n d

n obl e st k n ow n to u s n a m ely t h e r e stori n g t h e o ff e n d e r to
, ,

co m m u n ion with u s which h e had forfe it e d thro u gh his

,

offe n ce An d this is likewise t h e e ss e n ce o f t h e div i n e

.

forgive n e ss — God s restor a tion o f t h e sin n e r to comm u n io n

’

with Him a comm u n io n from which his sin had ban ish e d
,

h im Bu t tho u gh such is t h e m e a n i n g of f orgi v e n ess in

.
,

the full sen se of t h e word our a u thor is awa re that it ,

is o ft e n i m p ossible to attai n t o s u ch a p e r fe ct relatio n

w ith t h e o ffe n d e r Th u s fo rgi v e n e ss c o m e s o ften to be
.

sy n o n ym o u s with b a n ishin g t h e p e rson al fe e li n g o f res e n t

m e n t w hich aris e s withi n us wh e n w e s u ffer a wr o n g a n d ,

which if i n d ulge d l e a ds to hate W h e n w e ha ve a chie ve d

, ,
.

this righ t attit ud e t o wards t h e o ffe n d e r t h e way is always

o p e n for his re tu rn t o a right re la tion with u s a n d so far -

,
”
as w e do so w e refle ct t h e a ttitude o f G od Him s e l f to
His erri n g childr e n .

For t h e f u rth e r p rosec u tio n o f t h e p a ra lle ls t h e re ad e r

sho u ld con sult p 1 56 W e n ow se e t h e i m p ortan ce o f
. .

o ur t e x t I t shows that p r e Christia n J u daism p oss e ssed

.
-

a n o ble system of e thics o n t h e subj e ct of forgi v e n ess By .

t h e e a rly school of t h e Ch a sidi m or the p i o u s o n e s of t h e ,

Psa lm s t h e b e st e l e m e n ts o f t h e O ld Te stam e n t had b e en

,

t a k e n u p st u die d a n d d e ve lo p e d a n d t h e highly e thical

, ,

c o d e o f con d u ct d e d u ce d there from h a d be e n carried o u t

in act u a l li fe by th e s e a n ci e n t Q u i e tists Bu t whe n .

Pharis a ism bre a ki n g with t h e a n ci en t id e a ls o f its p a rty

, ,

co mm itt e d its e l f to p olitical in t e re sts a n d m ov e m e n ts a n d ,

c on cu rre n tly th e re with s urre n de re d its e l f m ore a n d mo re

wholly t o t h e st u dy o f t h e le tt e r o f t h e Law it soon ce a se d ,

to offe r scop e for t h e fu rth e r d e ve lo pm e n t of s u ch a lbft y

syst e m of ethics a s t h e Te stam e n ts att e st a n d so t h e tr u e ,
 I N T RO D U CT I O N xcv

s u cce ssors of the e a rly Ch a sids a n d th e ir teachin g qu itt e d

J u d a ism a n d fo u n d the ir n at ur a l hom e in t h e b o s om o f
prim itive Christian it y .

Du ty of lom n g God a n d o71 e s 71 619 11 6011 7 — I t is r e m ark

’
’
.

abl e th a t the fa m ou s comm an d in t h e Gos pe ls that

e m b o di e s a ll d u ty in its e l f Th o u shalt lo v e t h e Lbrd
thy God with all thy h e art Tho u sh a lt lo v e thy
ne ighbo u r a s thys e l f ( M k x l i 3 0 3 1 ) — is alr e a dy
. f o u n d .
,

in t h e Te st a m e n ts th o u gh l e ss e m p h a tically a n d v igorou sly

,

st a ted Th u s in T I ss v 2 w e ha ve Lo ve t h e Lord
. . .
,

and yo ur n e ighb o u r T Da n v 3 Lo ve the Lord . .

,
“

thro u gh all y our life A n d on e an oth e r with a tr u e h e art

,

a n d a gai n in T I s s v ii 6 I ssachar d e cl a res I lo v ed t h e “

. .
.
, ,

Lord ; Like wis e a lso e ve ry m a n with all m y he a rt

W e are h e r e p r e s e n t e d with a n i n t e re sti n g liter a ry
qu e stion Ma tth e w ( xx ii 3 7 3 9 ) a n d Mark ( x ii 3 0 3 1 )
. .
, .
,

r e prese n t t h e e n u n ciatio n of th e se two gre a t com m an d

m e n ts a s co m i n g fro m our L o rd wh e reas Lu k e ( x 2 5 2 7) , .
-

r e p r e s e n ts the m as the u tt e ra n c e o f a scrib e Som e e x e g e tes .

a re fo r a ssig n i n g t h e state m e n ts to two di ff e r e n t occasio n s

and p e rson s . A ll e n ( Ma tt h ew p 2 4 1 ) o ffe rs s e v e ral ,

.

p ossibl e e xpl a n ation s W h a t e ve r t h e tr u e sol u tio n of the

.

difficu lty m a y be that t h e two great com m an d m e n ts w e re

,

alr e a dy co n j o in e d in t h e t e achi n g of t h e Scribes at t h e

tim e of o u r Lord we ma y r e a s on a bly i n fe r from o u r t e x t
, ,

which was writt e n 1 4 0 ye ars e arlie r a n d fro m t h e a cco u n t ,

in L u k e .

V0 7 10113 e t h ica l t e00h 1719 8 — Th e Te sta m e n ts d e a l l a rg e ly.

with t h e que stion s o f h a tr e d lyi n g e n v y hat e l u st , , , , ,

cove tous n e ss a n d t h e v irt u e s of lo n g su ffe ri n g tr u th f ul n e ss

,
-
, ,

lo ve p u rity g e n e r o sity a n d t h e lik e W e c a n to u ch h e r e

, , ,
.

o n ly on a few of th e ir p ithy sa yi n gs o n s u ch su bj e cts .

Th u s : A n g e r is bli n dn e ss a n d d o es n o t s u ffe r o n e to se e
,

t h e face o f a n y m a n with tr u th D n ii Hatr e d ”

( T a . .
,
 x vi
c T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
ther e fore is e v il ; fo r it co n stan tly m a t e t h with lyi n g
,

( T . Gad v E n v y do m i n a t e s the whole m i n d of m a n

( T . S i m . 1 11 it h as no rest w hil e t h e obj e ct of it

’

p rosp e rs ( 11 1 . De li v e ra n c e th e refro m co m e th thro u gh

“

t h e fe ar o f God iii W h e r e f ore a m a n p ros p ere th

( . I f
m or e th a n yo u do n o t be v e x e d bu t p r a y for h im that he
, ,

m a y h a v e p e r fe ct p ros p e rity ( T G a d v ii W he n e n v y
. .

goes a m a n s m i n d is light e n e d so that h e ca n e nj o y the

’

well b e i n g of his form er ri val ( T Sim iii 5

-
A . . .
,

m a n is n o t to k e e p a l e dg e r acco u n t of t h e e v il do n e h im
by his n e ighb o u r ( T Ze b viii 5) — a clau s e that St P a u l
. . .

borrows in 1 Cor x 11 1 5 where 1 7 557 1 7 3

. .
, 6 is 0 1 6 0 x 0 1c 0

wro n gly r e n d e re d in the A V by thin keth n o e v il a n d .

“
,

m isleadin gly in t h e R V by t a k e th n o t accou n t of e v il

. .

A s r e g a rds t h e q u e stio n s o f te m p e ra n ce a n d total

abstin e n ce what b e tter ad vice cou ld be gi ve n than th a t
,

o f this old writer : I f ye dri n k wi n e with gl a d n e ss be ,

y e m od e st with the f e ar of God For if in yo u r gl a d n ess

.

the fea r of God d e p arteth th e n dru n ke n n e ss ariseth a n d

,

sh a m e le ssn e ss st e ale th in Bu t if you wou ld live sob e rly

.

do n ot touch wi n e at a l l le st ye sin in words of o u tra ge

,

and p e rish befo r e yo u r tim e ( T J u d x v i 2 . . .

Be n o t dr un k with wi n e ; for wi n e t u r n e th a way t h e

m i n d fro m truth a n d in sp ire t h t h e p a ssio n o f l u st
a n d if t h e occasio n o f t h e l u st be p r e s e n t h e w o rk e th t h e ,

s in a n d is n o t ash a m e d ud x iv 1
( T J . . .

Un t ver sa lt sm —A lth ou gh t h e Te st a m e n ts w e r e wr itt e n

.

abo u t t h e sa m e d a t e as t h e Bo ok o f J u bilee s a n d b o th
books w e re t h e w o rk of Pharis e e s t h e v ie ws of t h e two ,

a u thors wer e wid e ly s u n der e d o n so m e o f t h e gr e at e st q u e s

tio n s a n d p articu la rly on that o f t h e destin y o f the Ge n til e s

, .

Th e a u th o r of J u bile e s ta u ght th a t th e r e was n o ho p e fo r

t h e G e n til e s : God h a d p l a ce d the m u n d e r a n g e lic g u a rdia n s

with t h e obj ect of co m p a ssi n g th e ir destructio n ( xv 3 1 ) .

x c v iii T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
tio n s the ho p e o f a Me ssiah fro m J u dah reapp ears
( T J u d xx i v 5 6 ; T Na p h i v 5
. . .
-
. . .

Th e p rerogati ve s a n d p owers ascrib e d to the p ri e stly

Messiah fr o m Le v i are v e ry lofty He was to be fre e from .

sin ( T J u d xx i v
. . to walk in m e ek n e ss a n d righteo u sn e ss
.

( T J
. u d xx i v . t o e st a blish a n e w p ri e sthood u n d e r a
.

n e w n a m e ( T Le v v iii . a n d also b e a m e diator fo r the

. .

G e n til e s ( T Le v v iii 1 4 e me n d e d) ; lik e wis e b e w a s to be

. . .

a p ro p h e t o f t h e Most High ( T Le v v iii to be a kin g . . .

o ver all t h e n atio n ( T R e u b vi 1 1 1 2 ; T Le v v iii . . .

,
. . .

to w a r aga in st I srae l s n ation al e n e m ies a n d a ga i n st Be lia r

’

a n d t h e p ow e rs o f wicked n ess
( T R e u b v i 1 2 ; T Le v . . . . .

xv iii 1 2 ; T Da n v
. . a n d deli v e r the ca p ti v es t a ke n
.

by him e ve n the sou ls of the s a i n ts ( T Da n v 1 1 )

,
1
.

to o p e n P a radise to t h e right e ou s ( T Lev x v1 11 1 0 . . .

T Da n v
. a n d gi v e the sai n ts to e a t of the tre e o f li fe
.

( T Le
. v xv iii
. M or e.o v e r h e sh o uld gi v e t h e fa ith ful ,

p ower to tr e ad u p on e v il s p irits a n d bin d Be l ia r ( xv iii .

who shoul d be cast i n to t h e fi re ( T J u d x x v a n d sin . . .

sho uld com e to a n en d ( T Le v xv iii . . .

I t was the p ri e stly char a ct e r of t h e Ma ccab e a n p riest

kin gs that ga ve ris e t o t h e e xp e ct a tio n th a t t h e Me ssiah
was also to be a p ri e st a s w e ll a s a kin g .

Th e Res u 7 r ec t t on — Th e r e is to be a r e s u rrectio n first of

.
,

the O T h e roes a n d pa tria rchs a n d n e x t of t h e right e ou s

.
,

o n t h e right ha n d a n d o f t h e wick e d o n t h e left B e nj

( T . .

x . 6 Th e sce n e of t h e fu t u re ki n gdo m is to be the

prese n t earth I t is to l a st for e ver
. .

Dem on ol ogy — Th e book r e p re s e n ts a v ery d e v e lo p e d

d e mon ology a s a r e fe re n ce to Sp irits in I n de x I I will
, .

1
i i
Th s d ea se e m s t o h a e o r g n a e d r o m P3 v ii t f 1 0, He re ser e h t h e x cv ii p vt
it iv t t ic
. .

sou l s o f t h e sa n s He d e l er e h h e m o u t o f t h e h a n d o f t h e w ke d ”
He re
V t iv t t it
.

t h e LXX a n d h
t e u l ga e re a d :
“
He d e l e re h h e m ( t h e soul s o f t h e sa n s)
ou t o f t h e h an d o f t h e w k e d on e ic
( 37m ) He n e is n o t n e e ssa ry t o b ra k e
. c it c c t
t h e w ord s s o ul s o f t he it
sa n s
”
in T Da n
. v 11 . .
 I N T RO D U CT I O N
show Th e co n ce p tio n o f Be lia r in t h e Te sta me n ts is ve ry
.

adva n ced for this e arly date .

Th e A n t 1ch r t s t — I n t h e first ce n t u ry a ddition T Da n

.
, .

6 w e ha ve t h e m o st a n ci e n t a u thority a t p re s e n t k n ow n
,

to u s for t h e v i e w which co n n ects t h e trib e of Da n with

t h e A n tichrist a n d h e l p s to e xp lai n t h e e x cl u si o n o f this
,

trib e fro m t h e list o f t h e Twe l v e in the N T A p oca lyp se

~

. . .

Th e Tw o W 0ys —W e fi n d in T A sh i 3 8 99 the e arlies t

. . . . .

o cc u rre n c e o f this p hras e in J e wish litera ture See n ot e

.

73
71 [00 .
 BRA CKETS A ND ABBRE V I ATI O N S U SED IN T HIS
E DI TI O N
H de n o t e s t h e l ost H eb rew orig in a l , of w h ic h , h ow e v e r, s m a ll

fra gm e n t s h a v e be e n p re ser ve d .

H “
de n ot e s t h e fi rs t H
e bre w re ce n s ion .

H3 de n o t es t h e s e con d H e bre w re c e n sion .

0 . d e n ot e s t h e G re e k t ran sl at io n of H (1
an d is re p re se n t e d in t h e
G re e k MSS
by c h 1 .

8
,
d e n o t es t h e G re e k t ran s l a t ion of H13 an d is re pr e se n t e d by t h e
G re e k MSS 0 bd e f g .

MSS o f
'

0b c d ef 9 11 1 d e n o t e t h e n in e G re e k t h e Te st a m e n t s .

A d en o t e s t h e A rm en ia n e rsio n v .

A “ d e n o t e s t h e fi rst re ce n s io n of t h e Ar m e n ia n v e rsion an d is

pre se n t e d by t h e A rm e n ia n MSS A
a b"
re .

A 13 de n o t es t h e s eco n d re ce ns io n o f t h e A rm e n ia n v e rsion an d is
re
p re sen t e d by t h e A r me n ian MSS
A a b o dl e f g h
d en o t e s t h e A rm e n ia n MSS .

I
S d e n o t es t h e fi rs t Sl a v on ic r ece n s ion .

S2 de n o t e s t h e se co n d Sl a v
o n ic recension .

h in t : h o m o io t e l e u t on .

1 En . t h e E t h io p ic E n och .

2 E n = t h e Sl a von ic E n och
. .

r 1
. The u se o f t h e se br a ck e t s in t h e t e t m ea n s t h a t t h e w ords x
so e n cl o se d a re n ot fo u n d in A .

W o rd s so e n cl os e d a re s u
pp l ie d by t h e E dit or .

T T . W o r ds so e n cl o se d a r e c orr u t
p .

W ords s o e n cl ose d a re in t erp ol a t e d .

2 T E STA ME N TS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
I t h ere 1 J u d a h a d G a d a n d A sh e r his br e thr e n h e s a id t o ,
n , ,

th e m Ra is e m e u p th a t I m a y t e ll to m y bre thr e n a n d to
: ,

m y childr e n what thi gs I ha v e hid de n in m y h e a rt for n ,

b e hold ow a t l e gth I a m p a ssi g away 5 A d h e a ros e

n n n . . n

a n d kiss e d th e m a d s id u n to th e m H e a r m v br e thr e ,
n a : ,
n,

a n d do
ye m y childr e n gi ve e a r to R e u b e n y o u r fa th e r in
, , ,

t h e co m m a n ds which I gi v e yo u 6 A d b e hold I c a ll . . n

to wit e ss a ga i st you this da y t h e G o d o f hea v e n t h a t

n n ,

y e walk ot in t h e ig n ora n c e o f yo u th a n d for n icati on

n ,

wh e re i I was p o u r e d o u t a n d de fi le d t h e be d of m y fa th e r
n ,

J a c o b 7 A d I t e ll you that He s m ot e m e with a s o r e

. . n

p lag u e in m y loi n s for se v e m o ths ; a n d had n o t m y n n .

fa th e r J a c o b p r a y e d fo r m e to t h e L o rd t h e Lord ,

w o uld ha ve de str oyed m e 8 For I w a s thirty y e ars ol d . .

whe I wro ught t h e e v il thi g b e fore t h e Lord a d for

n n ,
n

s e ve m on ths I was sick u n to d e a th 9 A n d a ft e r this I

n . .

Bd g A S dd m y c pt f y w = 3p 63 { 1 6
1
4 R i m “
p a se e u i -
a or ru o r o ni p g p 1< 1 1 3, a s n

(f A S m ) b t h
. .

1
o
i v 9 .
Th w re
i v t g d t xt
re n .
us e a rr e a a oo e :

t h i d y by t h G d
.

dj
.

5 W h t t hi g I h a
I n s a ve “
a u re ou s
y
Cf Sim ii 1
a e o
.

m i gh t h v t
,
h t
ea r t u p bp u d i e c a o
. . .
r ai a e s oo n
. .

t h t xt i
.

F b h ld I t l g th p i g dj
or e o 71 020 0 771 a en a ss n ”
m I Cf e e as e an n
“

gth
g a u re

E ph i v 1 7 ; l Th 1 2 ; t h gh v
. .
”
a w y H
a w t l i e re
“
no a en s a

d i g f 6 3
ess 11
.
ou e en

t hi ti
. .

8 6 =( d q
. .

re n er n LXX i h o
i 177
t b y 7 0 0 0 so n
ere
G xl v i 30) p
en . Th th cl O 3
.

p 0p 7 Cf E x d
o en i 21. us e a u se
r 1 0 ,11 0
s se n se

7 o 1 01
s no e on

o
ues

x x
on .

i cl ly ki x l v i 30 mm N h i x 2 6 ; 1 Tim v 2 1 ; 2 Tim
. . . .

s t G
ose a n o en . 11 : e

th i t c f t h ii 1 4
. . . . . .

v
o en F or o er ns a n es o e

H b w w d i th i
. . .

e re f G I w por d t 68 7056
n i h s se n se , o en as ou r e ou 770 s er e
ii 2 3 xx i x 34 ( O x f d H b L
. .

d cl ic lly Cf Pi d I th i 4
.

.
, . se e or e . ex . u se a ss a . . n a r, s . .

in Lu c Sa cr ij : 5 K670106009 é s 7 d ¢ p0360 1 0
.
.

Sa id u n t o t h em So a , bu t 7 3 0A s 7 A nd So a {3 re a d fo r
-

pi i
.
.

f q t t
. . .

w ee ng sa d
“
r ea d .
O u r a u h or r e u en l y d w e l l s on t h e
cc
Hea r , my br e thr en , a n d d o y e, my p v e ffi a y o f ra y e r Th u s, a s a b o e ,
c i
.

l
ch i d r en , g ive ea r , e t c

i J
So a A 0
SI
p Cf J x x . . .
a ob ra y s f or u da h , T Ju d 2
v
. . .

T J os 2 d A d e g r e a d “ h ea r
fi y -

f or G a d , T G a d 9 ; for h is t e n
t iv
. . . , .

t j iii i
.

v p
.
”
m y b re h re n , a n d g e e a r ; d A a b e ld e s so n s , T Be n 6 Le
“
ci iv
h e a r, m y ( d o m ) h ld re n , a n d g e t N v i f o r h is b re h re n , T a ph
ra y s

7
. . . .

t i p
.

S i t S i J p
. . .

e ar Th e l a s re a d n g is a ra ll e l e d b y m e on s m o h e r ,
’
m e on , a n d o se h o n
ii i i
.

T Sim .

i
1 T Ze b
p t c t xt
2.
t i
T Da n . 2 f ii . . . . .
h e r o w n b e h al , T Sim T
iii v ii i t
. . . .

T Na p t h 5 bu t t h e r e s e n o n e Jos 3, 4, V II I 1 Th e r gh e ou s
pp t i pt c
. . .

t j v
. . .

p
. .

su or s t h e re a d n g a d o e d , a s is l e a r m a n ra y s w h e n b e ra y e d , T Be n 5
fro m v e r 4
ti .
v ft cc p i
.
Fa s n g, m o re o e r, o e n a o m a n e s
. . . .

.
p
6 I ca l l t o wit n es s a g a in s t y ou t h is iii i v x ra y e r , T J os 3, 8, 1, 2 ; T
i f t t i
.

j
. . . . .

d a y th e G od of h ea ve n t h a t ye w a l la n ot Be n 4 Se e ur h e r n o e o n 10
t xt v t t t
.

cc i
. . . . .

In my e I h a e su gg es e d ha 8 Th ir ty y ea r s ol d A or d n g t o
é m ua pn fipoua i cf xxv iii
( xxx iii .
J ub
.

1 1, 1 5, Re u b e n
.

D t i v 2 6) d th t t h i i t t t
. . .

eu . i . an a s n ur n s w a s o n l y w e n y on e y e a rs o ld -
.
 RE U BE N — CH A P T E R S 1 5—1 1 . . I 3

r e p e n t e d with se t p u r p os e o f m y so u l for s e v e n ye ars

b e for e t h e Lord 1 0 A n d wi n e a n d stro n g dri n k I dra n k . .

a n d fl e sh e n t e red n o t i n to m
n ot , y m o u th a n d I e a t n o ,

pl e asa n t fo o d ; bu t I m ou r n ed o ve r m y sin for it was gr e at , ,

s u ch as had n o t be e n in I srae l .

I I A n d n o w h e ar m e m y childr e n what thi n gs I saw

.
, ,

c on cer n i n g the s e ve n sp irits o f d e ceit wh e n I re p e n t e d , .

1 0 E a t n o p l ea sa n t f ood Cf Da n and is p
l e a s e d w h d o u bl e a e d m e n , it -
fc
f t p ti iii f i t
. . .

x 3 A s Re u be n as s a r a l l y f or T A sh 2 Bu t r o m t h e r gh e o u s
Si i i t fl
. . . .

v p
. .

s e en y e a r s , m e on d o e s l k e w s e f or and h ose w h o k e e t he l aw h e e e s,

t w o , T Sim ii i 4 , a n d J ti
u d ah u n l T Da n v
1 ; T Na p h V 111 4 Th e
xv x i x xp i i i
. . . . . . . . .

o l d ag e , T J ud 4, 2 in e a Me ss a h w ll m a k e w ar o n Be l ia r a n d
ti t i i J p f t v t f c p ti v
. . .
.
,

on o f he r s ns ose h as s se en ak e r o m h im t h e a e so u l s , T
tt it t i
.

v
.

y e ar s in or de r t h e b e e r t o w h s a n d Da n 1 0 a n d Be l iar w ll b e b ou n d ,
ti p if iii c c t it
.

Po
’
h a r s w e , T Jos 4 I ssa h ar T Lev 1 11 xv
1 2 , an d as n o the

ti f i if v iffic t
. . . . . . .

abs a ns r o m w n e a l l h is l e , T I ss fi re , T J ud xxv 3 I t is e ry d ul

v ii i t c i p p c ific ti
. . . . . .

3 T h e r gh e o u s m a n omb n e s t o m ak e a n y ro e r l a ss a o n of t h e

f ti c tit ix v i ic p i it i t
. .

as ng a nd has y, T J os 2 ; ar ou s w ked s r s Th e r m os
j t t c i ti pi it c it
. .

p
. .

us a s a d o u bl e h e a r e d m a n s u e r -
o m m o n d e s gn a o n is s r s of d e e ,

c i f ti
s t it io u sl y o m b n e s a s n g a n d a d ul er y, t T R e ub 11 1, 2 ; T Sim iii 1,
ii i v c ic
. . . . . .

“
T A sh 8, 3 For e at ( 0 A ), p a s s im Th e y are a l so a ll e d w k e d
.

t t p i it iv p i it
. . . . .

h [3 S r e a d as e d s r s , T Sim 9 s r s o f Be l ia r ,

v ii c p i it
. . . .

Su ch a s ha s n ot been in I s r a el So T I ss 7, e t c u n l ea n s r s, T

p ctic c pt j v St
. . . . . .

0 an d ra al l y A h is o rru Be n 2 ; a nge l s o f a an , T A sh

it vi t i f cti
. . . .

S
. .

s h a l l n o t b e so in
“
Bg ” -
re a d An d 4 A s re g a rd s he r un on s ,

x iii t c
. .

I sra e l O f 2 Sa m 12 h e se a re , a s in 1 a n d 2 E n o h a n d t h e
i t f t pt
. . . . .

I I 1 Seven sp ir it s of d eceit Th s N T , h re e o ld : t o e m m en , t o
f i cc t t f
. . . . .

p assa ge is re er re d t o b y O r ge n ( H0771 a us e h e m w h en h e y a ll , a n d t o
t c xi t t t i
.

in J os u a m ed Lo m m a z s h orm en hem O ur b ook is m a n l y

i c c it fi t i vi i it
. . .

I n a l iqu o qu o da m l b e l l o qu i
“
1 43 : o n e rn e d w h t h e rs d s on ;

a p p el l a t u r t t t es a m e n u m d u o de cim i fl it
d e a l s b u t br e y w h t h e h r d , an d t i
p a t ria rch aru m , qu a m vis n on h a b e a t u r t i pi
h a rdl y m o re h an m l e s t h e s e o n d c
c t t vt tt ti t f
.

in an o n e , al em amem qu e n d a m W e sh a ll d e o e ou r a e n on h e re ore
sen su m in v e n im u s q u o d p er s in g u l os fi t i vi i
t o t h e rs d s o n , on l y fi t
rs ob se r ving

p e c c an t e s s in g ul i s at an a e in t e l l ig i t t t f
h a o u r a u h or r e e rs in t w o p
a ss ag e s

d e b e an t I n Matt x ii v vi
4 5, se en e l vi
t o t h e e l a n ge l s a s a n ge l s o f p i
u n sh

S p it f t t i
. . .

ir s are re e rr e d t o m en I n T Le v 111 2 h e re a re sa d
v t p i it t i ti c
. . . .

v
.

Sp ir it s of d eceit Th ere is a as t o b e s r s o f r e r b u o n f or e n ge a n e
t t i vi
.

d e m on ol o gy in t h e Te s a m e n s Th e r o n l a w l e ss m e n , a n d in T A sh 5
cif v i c it t t t t vi p i it ic
. . . .

h e is a r o u s l y a ll e d Be l iar , T Le v is s a e d h a t h e e l s r wh h
iii xv iii x i x it it
.

v
.

3, 1 2, 1 T Jud xxv 3: T a m a n s e r e s w a s f or h is so u l a s

vi iv v t
. . . . .

v
. .

I ss 1 T Da n 7, 1 , 1 0, e t c ; l e a e s t h e b o dy a t d e a h in o r d e r t o
St vi t m t it
. . . . . .

a an , T Da nv 6 ; T A sh 4 ; or en

vi v iii pi it th t t m p t m th
. . . . . .

t h e De l , T Na ph 4 ; t he Of th e s r s a e en ere

ic c it v p i it f d c it wh ich
. . .

Pr n e o f De e , T Sim 7; T a re th e se en s r s o e e

xi x ic l i i w it f y th T R b
. . .

Ju d 4 ; o r t h e Pr n e o f Da n , e n a 1 2 or ou eu 11 -

pi it f f ic ti
. . . .
. . ,

T Da n v 6 Th e w o rk s o f Be l ia r Th e se th a re e s r s o orn a on

( cf l T J d x iii i ti bl
.

pp
. .

are o ose d t o t h e l a w o f t h e Lo r d , a so u n sa a e

vi fi gh ti g b q i
. . . .

T Le v x ix 1 ; T I s s 1 B e liar n e ss , p id n o se u o u s n e s s, r e,

l y i g i j tic
,

t t c t t
. . . . . .

v
.

r ul e s o er s o u l s ha a re on s an l y n T R b n us 3 6 T e, eu 111

J d xv i 1 g i v f th l i t f f
. . . .

it iv ic i
.
,

d s u rb e d, T Da n 7, o r w h h y e l d u es a ur er s o o ur

t i v i i c i ti i p i it f l t h t d i p fl ig y
. . . . .

t o h e r e l n l n a o n , T A sh 8, . . . th e s r s o us ,
o e s re , ro ac ,
 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R C H S
2 . Se v e n
s p irits th e refore a re a pp oi n ted again st m a n a n d ,

they are t h e leade rs in the works of yo u th .

3 [An d s e v e n other s p irits a re gi v e n to h im a t his

.

an d fi lthy l c W fi d l t h cc t f t h v v il p i it b l g u re e n a so e a ou n o e se en e s r s e on s

pi it f j l y T J d x iii 3 d g ic ll y t t h t x t t h i t di g
.

s r s o e a ou s u an or a n a o e e e n ru n

v y T Sim iii 1 i v 7 w h ich cti h c cti w ith it b f

, . . .
,

o f en are se on as n o onn e on e ore

d cl b w ic k d d p i ft 3 B t it i m i m p t t
. . . .
, , ,

e d t are o e e an o so n ous or a er u s or e or a n

p i it T Sim i v 9 ; t h p i it f t ll t b v t h t t h d iv i i f t h
. .

s r s, e s r s o s i o o ser e a e s on o e

ii 4 Th b d il y d pt d i b
. . .

an g T D e r, l an h w d ere a re a so o se n s e s e re a o e s orr o e

g l w h ich ti m l i gh t l y m d ifi d f m f m t h
. . .

an e s t m d T i s r en o ur er, n a s o e or ro e

d i d l t y T N ph iii 3 S t ic Th i i b v i fi t f m t h
.

D 1 7
an an o a r a o s s s o ou s, rs ro e

v ii 4 Th p t ic l p c l i m i g tt ch d t
,

d l t T J
. . . . .
,

an us os 01 e ar u ar e u ar e an n a a e o 77 06 107 0 ,

t k t wh ich th pi it dd th t f pp tit
. .
, . .

as s o t g e se s r s a re s s e a o s en se s , or an s, o r a e es

th m l v m if t f m t h i Th i i p c l
. . .

e se es f f es e r s u se o s e u i r, so ar
are
a an ro

g en eral d c i p ti Th f ith l es rd I m w t thon S t ic m i e a e ss a n as a a a re , o e o s 7 s

t h w ic k d f l l th d i th i
. .

e y p y t e v a an Wh th e as re o ese ne er u s e n s s en se . e re e
s p i it B t t h p i it fi t h v t G k t l t f t h T t m t
r s u e se s r s rs a e o ree ra n s a or o e es a en s

g t p mi i t t m pt m T B j f l wh t t h
.

e er s s on o h e en , en re e r s e s e ere o e sen s e s , e u se s

iii 3 I f m y i ld t h t h d v il t h 3 vi 1
. .

l w d 5 07
en ( e en e e e u su a or 0 0 7 0 619 1 11 .

th m i t h i w i t m t T N p t 8 w h t h fi
. .
, , .

m k a es e n o s o n n s ru e n s, a 11 e re e ve sen se s a r e

T N ph v iii 6 b t if m i gl m ti d ) Th S t ic
. . .
,

a l th u e n a re s n e en on e e so u as e o s
t d d d th t w h ich i igh t g ll y t gh t w d i v i d d i t
. . . .
,

h ear e an o a s r e n e ra au as e n o

th t h p i it f d c it d f B li igh t p t c i ti g f t h fi
, ,

en e s r s o e e an o e ar e a r s, on s s n o e ve s e n s e s ,

h v a p w v th m T I i v 4 t h p
e no o er o f p d cti t h p w
er e ss e o w er o re ro u on , e o er
T B j iii 3 ; d t h d v il f p ch d t h d mi t p t th
. . .
,

en d th an e e an e o s ee an e o nan ar or e

p i it f B li d cl S p i it fl v f m w
. .
.
,

s r s o e Th a r an b un e an r s ee re a son e se en or er ere su
f m th m T N ph viii 4 T I di t t t h d d i ch g d
.

ro e a ss or na e o e re aso n , a n s ar e

ii 7 T B j v 2 th m l v i t t h v i p t f t h
. . .
,
.
, .

v N y m th en a ore e e se es n o e a r ou s ar s o e
igh t v th m T Sim v i 6 b dy i t h f m f i mm t i l c t
. . . . .
,

r l e ous ru e o er e o n e or o a er a urr e n s
d t d th m f t T Sim v i 6 ch i f th it y
. . .
,

an re a d e Th un er oo e e au or on
xv iii 1 2 T Z b i x 8 (b d g ) t h t ch i g f t h S t ic i Pl t ch
. .
, .
,

T L ev e e ea n o e o s s u ar
f j dg m t t h p i it D P l i v 2 1
. . . . . . .
, ,

O th d y
n e a o 36
u i77 1 6 en ese s r s e ac 7 00 6 1 001 1< 0

p i h d T L iii 3
. .

a re un s 6 3 1 6p 7
e , .77 5 0x7 6 ¢ 6 ev . . . 177 . 1 7 7 $ 0 7 9 K77 6 01< 70

Ag i t m a ns
”
BA S dd by i6 67 an. 3 60 p t a Ka 107 6 1 0 1 6 00 7 K0 77 6 a
Be lia r . 3 6 K7 00 0 1 7 6 30 36 0
'

L ea der s in t h e w orks B
, f g A a
s -
677 7 31 71 6 v 7 39 5 607079 77607 6 71 60 73

i
. . .

“
re a d le a d e r Th e s n g ul ar m a y b e 05 0 0777 77 01 0 ,
7 3pa 0 1 3, 60 ¢ p770 1 5, ‘

i t t ic
.

r gh Fur h e r, s n e K6 90171 1 77 men, t h e 7 6 30 1 9 K0 2 31 9077 77 3p0 0 £ s 60 7 1

’

tt pi i
.

”
l a e r m a y h er e me a n “
o s on Th s 77 06 0 71 0 31 0 7 6 2000 c177 3 7 03 37 6 71 001 K06
cc it iii ic
.

w o u ld a o rd w e l l w h 8, wh h 116x771 : 3¢ 60 NMD 0 36, 77 06 1711 0

tt t t p i
.

s a es ha
“
e er y y o u n g ma n er sh es v 31 0 7 6 2000 61 17 3 7 06 777 6 11 001K00 11 6x709
i t
ow n g t o h e se e l s r s v i p i it . (37 070 30 0 777770 1 9 36 7706 1771 0 310 7 6 1000
I I 2 Th er ef or e ( a ) A re a d s f or , 61 77 3 7 03 777 6/1 001 K06 11 6x771
it
. . .

Bo m s 7 6 60 1 : 36 77 06 1771 0 31 0 7 6 2000 7 06

i cti c t i
.

I I 3 I II 2 Th s se -
o n is er a n l y 777 6 0 001K06 uéxpt s 7 1 037 7 775 "

t iti t xt i
. . .
,

a l a e a d d on t o t h e e Th s 77 0 6 611 0 31 07 6 20 00 377 3 7 06 777 6,0 001 Ko i}

iti fi t
.

a dd on w a s m a d e rs in G re e k It s uéxpt s 67 1 ¢ 0 06 £ 0 s 9 1510 6 110 10 6777 00

j cttt v iv
.

sub e m a e r, h o w e er, is d e r e d 77 o17 1 17 7 607 w0

p 7 630 36 3 0177 5 30 7 3 1160
'

f S itic c
r o m G re e k a n d emi s ou r e s, m a n l y 3 67 6 7 0 4 0 776011 0 , 377 6 p K0 2 0 37 3 77 06 671 01
f f
rom t h e or m e r Th e gro u n d s f o r 60 7 1 310 7 6 70 00 61 77 3 7 0 6 777 6 70 001 K06 ué xp1
ti c c i f
. .

h s o n l u s on a r e a s o l l o w s 1 In 70 30 77 0 pa 0 7 0 7 ¢30 7 3 36 377 3
'

ii cc t v p i it
. .

1 , 2 , a n a ou n o f t h e s e e n s r s 7 06 Z77 0w0 09 GZ fl fl éV O V ,
p 3 K0 2 0 5070770
p i t i cti
.

o f e rror is ro m se d , b ut h s se on Ka h o fia i , 60 7 1 77 06 6711 0 31 0 7 6 2000 d 1r 3 7 06

t
abou v i
t h e se en b o d l y s e n se s s u dd en l y 777 6 /1 001 K0071 6x771 (7 307
3
007 7 09 Ka i 7 3 0 7 7 779

it v t p i
n e r e n e s b e w e en t h e r o m se a n d it s 10 1 1 7 65 0 0106 1070 3
07110 070 A g a n , in i
f fi t iii iv i i cc t
. .

u l l men in 3 7 2 W h e re as t h e .
-
. . 4, 2 , w e fi n d a s m l a r a o u n : a t
.
6 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
of sight with which ariseth d e sire 5 Th e third is t h e
,
. .

s e n se of heari n g with which co m eth t e achi n g Th e f ou rth ,

.

is t h e s e n se of s m ell with which ta stes a re gi v e n to draw ,

a ir a n d br e ath 6 Th e fifth is the p owe r of s p e e ch with . .

,

which co m e th k n owl e dge 7 Th e si x th is the s e n s e of . .

taste with which c om eth t h e e ati n g o f m e a ts a n d drink s ;

,

a n d by it str e n gth is p rod u c e d for in f ood is t h e f o u n da ,

tio n of stre n gth 8 Th e se v e n th is t h e p ow e r of p ro . .

creatio n a n d s e x u al i n terco u rs e with which thro u gh lo ve ,

of p leas u r e sin s e n t e r in 9 W h e r e for e it is t h e l a st in . .

orde r o f creatio n a n d the first in th a t o f y ou th beca u se it is , ,

fille d with ign ora n ce a n d lea d e th t h e yo u th a s a bli n d m a n ,

to a p it a n d a s a beast to a p r e cip ice , .

I I I Be sid e s a l l th e s e th e re is a n e ighth s p irit o f slee p

.
,

with which is bro u ght abo u t t h e tr a n ce of n a t u re a n d t h e

i m a ge o f d e ath 2 W ith th e s e s p irits are m i n gle d t h e . .

s p irits o f e rror ] .

3 First the s p irit o f forn icatio n is se a t e d in the n a ture

.
,

Sig h t w it h w h ich a r is eth d es ir e s p i it p w f l p i t d i v d

r or o er o s ee s no er e
J ii f m t h S t ic t ch i g b t i d t
.

Cf 1 oh n 16 7 160 ro e o ea n u s ue o
t ic
. .

th i t p l t
,

3169 0 1 0650 A b a d e h a l s ens e is n ot

. e n er t wh m l w
o a or ,w o o a so e o e
c
n e e s sar l y m l e d in o u r e i i pi t xt iii 7 w h ic h on t P ibly s ee no e os s
t c
. .
,

th i dditi w d t t h f ct th t
.

5 Sen s e. s en s e I n b o h a se s . s a on as ue o e a a
77 06 600 e ig h t p w w t gh t b y
se n s e s or o e rs ere au
d t t
.

Ta s t es a re g iven 6 -
dg S re a
“
as e t h S t ic e S w o ld bs t l even ou e a n a ur a
iv
. .

is g e n .
”
S m itic d i vi i
e t ig h t I 2
s on , n o e n v er

th i tt mp t t d p t t h i t
. .

To d r a w a ir a n d br ea th éh x hv e re s an a e o a a e n er
dépo s K0 2 Cf A r s De . it .
p l ti o a t it w c
on t xt o s ne on e .

Sp ir 2 , 3M ?) 77 06 15
00 7 09 But t h e T f t
r a n ce
(6 o n a ur e K07 0 0 1 3
i t xt f
. .

d e a in o u r e is o u n d in t h e T a l mu d, S i c ch f t h p c d g b d i l y
n e ea o e re e in o
et c t
Se e n o e on T Na p h 8 ii p w i m ti d w ith v i w t
o e rs s en on e a e o
t xt
. . . . .

6 P o wer I n e , 77 0 6 611 0 s h w i g ito c t ib ti t h m

n s on r u on o u an
fift
. . .

Sp eech Th ou gh h er e t h e h , in a cti vity th m t b m th i g

er e se e s o e so e n
S t ic ti i xt
.
,

t he o or d e r h s w as t h e s h w g w ith t h d c i p ti
ro n tt ch d t e es r on a a e o
fc t p
a u l y ( se e
“
l ps ee W h ld
”
th xp ct e s ou ra er e e
t xt
. .

7 Sen s e
. I n e , 7706 611 0 . . 6 6
00 0 100 1 9 , w l f 6 rene a or k 0 r a 0 1 s.

th t c w mi gh t d t h
,

A n d by t h em s tr en g t h is p r od u ced . I n a a se e ren er e

( 10x12: 60 0 67 123 0 67 116 sh ou ld w d t h t f ll w

or s d y t it i t h
a o o
“
an e s e
b e 0 67 5 ( bu t h s is o n l y o un d in d ) ti f i m g f d th a e j ct th m
o ea
”
or re e e as a
or ( on l y o u n d in b ) f S gl os s
,

t xt
. .

8 P ow er
. I n e , 77 06 600 . . A n d t he ima g e d ea t h See p re o f
c i t x iv
.

9 A s a blin d ma n t o a p it Cf e d ng n o e Cf Ho mer, I l 2 31,

tt xv
. . . . . . .

Ma 14 . . .
x0 0 1 y07§ 7 1p 60 007 01 0 : a lso
~

III 1 2 Th s m e n on o f a n e gh h
.
-
. i ti i t xv i 672 , 6 8 2 ; He s od , The og 756
. i . .
 RE U BEN — CH A P T E R S 11 5—1 1 1
. . 10 7

and s e n s e s ; t h e s e co n d t h e s p irit o f in satiabl e n e ss

in t h e , ,

in the b e lly ; 4 Th e third t h e s p irit o f fighti n g in t h e .

, ,

li v e r a n d g a ll Th e fou rth is t h e s p irit o f o bs e qu io u s n e ss

.

a n d chic a n e ry that thro u gh o ffi c io u s att e n ti on o n e m a

,
y be
fa ir in s e e m i n g 5 Th e fi fth is t h e S p irit o f p rid e th a t
. .
,

o n e m a y be bo a st f u l a n d arr o ga n t Th e si x th is t h e s p irit .

o f lyi n g T in p e rditio n a n d in j e a lo u sy 1 to p ractise d e c e its

,
-'
,

an d co n c e a l m e n ts fro m ki n dred a n d frie n ds 6 Th e . .

se ve n th is t h e s p irit of i n j u stice with which a r e th e fts a n d ,

acts of rap a city th a t a m a n m a y f u lfil t h e d e sir e o f his ,

h e art ; for i n j u stice work e th toge th e r with the o th e r s p irits

by t h e t a kin g o f gi fts [7 A n d with a ll th e s e t h e s p irit o f
'

. .

sl ee p is j oi n e d which is ( that ) o f e rror a n d fa n tasy ] 8 A n d .

so p e rish e th e ve ry yo u n g m a n dark e n i n g his m i n d from t h e ,

tr u th a n d n o t u n d e rst a n din g the law of God n or o beyin g

, ,

the ad m o n itio n s o f his fath e rs as b e fe ll m e a lso in m y ,

youth 9 A n d n ow m y childr e n lo ve t h e tr u th a n d it
. .
, , ,

will p r e s e r ve yo u : h e a r ye rt h e w o rds o il R e u be n yo u r
fa th e r .

10 . Pay no he e d to t he fa ce of a wo m a n ,

4 Sp i ri t of fi g h tin g in t he l iver it t p c
I n a l s of t h e n a ur a l o w e rs su h a s
ii
. .

O f T N a ph 8 t t iv
h a g e n in ii iii it
3 2 w o u ld b e in -

p c ti
. . . . . .

v
.

5 TI n p er d it ion a n d j e a l ou s y la e Mor e o e r, t h e m e n on o f a n
c t xt p i it ft ii
. .

d n wh e iq K0 2 Wh y ) Th e o n e re eig h t h s r a er 1 , 2 , w o ul d b e
qi f i
.

t i iti it
.

p
.

u re s a a ra ll e l t o r o m k n d re d a n d s ra n ge T h s a dd o n is e h e r m o d e l l e d
fi iii t f
.

’
r e n ds ( 5177 3 7 60011 9 K0 2 01 Ke tw0 ) Th e on 1 , 2 , or e l se b o h a re r o m t h e
f ic t
. .

orm e r :
m
71m w h h I a ke t o be sa me h a n d
c pt i t p i it
.

o rru f o r « gem 11 311052 6X6p1y KCL2 Sl eep 6 S I

a dd “
t h e e gh h s r
c pt pp t t i i
. .

t my d iv l
“
o an en e an r a
”
A is orru , b u t s u or s h s a dd
H c t h t xt h l d t p cti ti
.

“ on .
en e e e s ou r un o ra se

d c it
e e my
s iv l d
on an en e or r a an c on 8 D k i g h i mi d ar Cf E p hen n s n

iv 1 8 6
. . . .

cealm t f m ki d d en s d f d ro n re an ri e n s 6 63 10 l R m
0 K07 1 0 ,0 0o1 7 1 0 00 a so o .

i
.
. ,

P ti d it
ra c d se lm t ece s an con cea en s .

T xt i
.

b “
0f err or ( d , A ) a a e re a d
-

e 65 X67
s 2 p3
77 1 7 7 6 10 06 9 K0 K 1 777 6 10
e rr or . .

X67 W ith
06 9 . ha h 6y cf 2 7r r 7 e 10
'
o vs Un d er s ta n din g t h e l a w He r e 0 6 01 160 .

P t ii 3 d i 68
.

e X67 7 H
. 0 5 ero .
60 7 16 0 611 19 is a He br a ism z n m oa
p
'
.
. .
,

et c 9
P r eserve y ou b e A a dd an d

i ic
. . .

o m ) I a d m on s h y o u, wh h
(
“
6 F u lfi l do So 0. 6A S r ea d b e A a

i v it p t t p p t t
. . . .

7 Th s e rse is n er o l a e d In o w as e rh a s l o s b y t h e o h er MSS .

ti it t
. .

an e n u m e ra on o f t h e vices w o ul d b e h r o u gh h o m o io t ol e u t o n .

it
a bs urd t o n ro d u e
“
sl e e , w h h in c p ic rTh e w ord s o l
f So a a ef bd A cm . .

iv
.

it f
se l it
is n e h e r m ora ll y go o d n or b a d . 1 0 P a y n o h eed, e t c
. Se e 1 . . .
8 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
Nor associate with an oth e r m an s wife ’

Nor m e ddle with a ffa irs of wo ma n ki n d .

11 For had I n ot see n Bilhah bathi n g in a co ve re d p lace

. ,

I had n o t fall en i n to this gre a t i n i q u ity 1 2 For m y . .

m i n d taki n g in t h e tho u ght o f the wom a n s n ak e d n e ss

’

s u ffe r e d m e n ot [to slee p 1 u n til I h a d wro ught t h e abo m i n a bl e

thi n g 1 3 Fo r while J a cob our fath e r had go n e to I saac
. .

his father wh e n w e w e re in Ede r n e a r to E phrath in

, ,

Be thl e hem Bilhah b e c a m e dr u n k a n d w a s a sl e e p u n co v e re d

,

in her cha m ber 1 4 Ha v i n g ther e fore go n e in a n d b e h e ld

. .

her n a k e d n e ss I wro u ght t h e i mp i e ty rwitho u t h e r p e r

,

c e iv in it l a n d l e a v i n g h e r sl e e p i n g I d e p art e d 1 5 A nd
g , . .

forthwith a n a n g e l o f God r e v e al e d to m y fath e r co n c e rn i n g

m y i m p i e ty a n d h e ca m e a n d m ourn e d o v e r m e a n d to u ched
, ,

h e r n o m or e .

A ssocia t e 6 g S l =“
b e a lo n e -
Ps J o n o n G e n
-
2 2 ; h a bb 55b xxxv S
it t i i c p ix
. . . . . .

W h h s l n e om a re Sir 9 06 7 0 . . Boo k o f J a sh a r ( Dict d es Ap ocrgp h

ii t xxx i i
. .

677 603po v 7 1200 1 K3$ Kdfio v ( = ne n Se e m y n o e on J ub i 2

i pp c pt
. . . . .

Th s a e a rs o rr u l y in t h e Heb r e w 11 Cf J ub x x xm 2
it i
. . . . .

‘
Dya n 73 nb3) g up W h a m arr e d
1 3 Ha d g on e t o So C A
w o m a n d o n ot e a t
i i
. .

Th e Syr ia c z ny
Th s r e a d n g h a s t h e ' su pp or t a l so o f
tt p
.

'
nn w nz nn 71: 715
t
‘

d o n o t a lk mu h
573 Th e l a er h r a s e
c
.

f i xx iii
J ub x 1 “ A n d h e w e n t o h is t
ft c f
. .

is o u n d in a l k e ”
a h e r I s a a , h e a n d Le a h h is wi e
c cti
onn e on in Ab ot h 5 “ Do n ot al k i t S I
61 re a d w a s a bs e n w h t it
.

c it S
.

mu h w h w o m e n In anh 1 00b
E d er n ea r Ep hra th in B e t hl eh em
q t
. .

a n d Y e ba m
iii
.

w h ere Sir is u o e d,
t h e w or d s t “
i
.

wi h a m a rr e d w o man
xxxv ” xxx .

Cf G e n . 1 9, 21
. J ub 1 . . . .

B ilh a h beca me d r u n k a n d w a s a s l eep

a re o m itt e d a n d o n l y 715 3 11 nn
t t t t t i Th e s a e m e n
.

“
t u rn n o t i a s de t o p v ”
h er )
p c i
re s e r e d
h a B lh a h w a s dru n k
is e u l a r, s o f a r a s I a m a w a re , t o o u r
it pp t t ii
.

Th u s
ix
a

q it c t i
9 is u e u n e r a n t xt t t
ea r s h a t h e o r g n a l o f Sir
x m ay
t .

e I t is a d d e d t o t h e s o ry t o e x
i i c ci
.

Ou r e
p t v i
.

it p Vl it h o u r
.

l a n B lh a h s u n o n s o us n e ss o f t h e
’

re r e s e n

t xt c p
a

o m a re
ers on o f
t
Sir x l i 1 7, 2 1
.

ti o u r a ge o f Re u b e n Th u s sh e w a s s ll
a l so
ft
.

05
e

0 x 606 0 66 (i 7r3
p
K0 7 0 0060 6 0 ”
. .

a sl e e w h e n Re u b e n l e h e r ( ve r
i ti cc t
.

Th s a d d i on a o u n s a l s o f o r t h e n e w
00 1K3s 677 60 3 o v N e d a rim 2 0
7 6

c it
p ,
n o t t oo m u h w h a w o m a n ; it t i
3
v Ta l k
for
t u rn g e n t o t h e s o r y in v e r l 5 . .

f ic ti
will e n d in o rn a on
” 1 4 W i
For a lik e t h t h p i i g ( it ) . ou er er ce v n . 0 .

c t x t vi
.

o mm a n d t o w o me n , s e e o ur 6A S m e 2
o .

A cc d i g t
. .

Nor m ed d le w ith t h e afl a ir s, e t c (071

L i g h l pi g ea v n er s ee n or n o
J h xxx iii 4 5 B lh h w k d c i d
.
.

'
77 6 p16 y o1 f 6 0 66 7r 6
p 1 £ 1 0) Cf Sir x l i 2 1
'
'
u i a a o e an r e
p . . . .
. .
, ,

( 0 10x 606 0 66 ) t d R b
77 6 p1 6 p7 6 la s 77 0 1 3£0 K77$ fl d ou an eu en e .

0 67 06 For . ff i 1 5 A cc di g t
( a b ) a a rs,
“ ”
J b 6 7 or n o u x xx u i
Bi lh h l m t d x c d i gl y d t ld
.
,
. .
,
d e Aa d eg
re a d 77 pd£ 6 1 s, a 61 610 a a en e e ee n an o
xxxv
.

11 15 -
Cf G e n t h m tt
2 1 , 2 2 ; J ub t J c b hi t e a er o a o on s re ur n .
xxxiii i
. . . . .

6 A S dd J c b
’
1 9 . Reu b en s s in is d e n e d in
-
. F th a er
1
a
“
a o
”

t c
.

Cf J b xxxiii 9
.

l a er w o rk s su h as G e n ra bb a 9 8 , 9 9T h d t . ou c e , e c . . u . . .
IO T E STA ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R IA RCH S
me Lord that t h e a n g e r o f the Lord m ight p ass
un to t he ,

fro m m e e v e n as t h e Lord showed ,

A n d th e n cef orth .

u n til n ow I ha v e be e n o n m y g u ard a n d si n n e d n o t .

5 There fo r e m y childr e n TI say u n to yo u l obser v e ra l l l

.
, , ,

thin gs wh a tso e ver I comma n d you a n d ye shall n ot sin ,

.

6 Fo r a p it u n to t h e sou l is t h e sin of f or n ic a tio n s e p arati n g

.
,

it from God a n d bri n gin g it n e a r to idols b e c a u s e it , ,

d e ce ive th t h e m in d a n d u n d e rstan din g a n d l e ad e th dow n ,

y o u n g m e n i n to Had e s b e for e th e ir ti m e 7 F or m a ny . .

h a th for n ica tion d e stroy e d ; b e ca u s e thou gh a m a n be old ,

or n o ble For rich or p o or l h e bri n g e th r e p ro a ch u p o n

, ,

hi m se l f with t h e son s of m e n a n d de risio n with Be lia r .

8 For h e ar ye r e gardi n g J ose p h how h e gu a rd e d hi m s e lf

.

f rom a wo m a n a n d p u rged his tho u ghts fro m all for n icatio n , ,

a n d f o u n d fa v o u r in t h e sight o f God a n d m e n 9 For . .

Th t t h f t h L d m ig h t t S h l g i g d w ( m ) t t h
-
g a e an er o e or o eo o n o n a 11
1
o e

A cc d i g t xxx iii 1 5 c h mb f d th
,
”
p a ss J b or n LX X h ho u a ers o ea as ere

t d l if d f t xt
. . . .

“
R b w
eu g en 67 as(i ra n e e an or K0 7 000 0 1 . e . a s ou r e .

”
gi ve n e ss Bf th i t im H 6 6 e ore e r e ere 0 11 0

6 8 m it
.

Th i H b ic
.

A d ( A) n 0
t 6 6 — 3 N5 o [( 0 0 7 07 071 ) 3 s e ra

c i T J d xv i 3 W ith
. . . .

U t il w (6
n 6 dyA no d ph 105 0 0,
'
re a r a s e re urs n u

p ti g f 6 th i v cf T J d xv 1 5 6
. . . .

(7 6 )
1 6 7 0 0 01 0 re en n a o 103
‘
s erse u

( v ) i th gh t
. . .
, .
, , .

6 6
0001 1 0
7 M y h th f
e en n
i ti d t y d ou .
an a or n ca on es r o e

Cf P v v ii 2 6 c tdw
. .

5 [ y t y 6gAS m
sa un o
Sh h ou -
o ro
“
e as as o n
6 7 O f T J d xv 1 xv iii 2 6
. .

l i
. . .

m y w d d u
ll h on
- -

an oun e a er s a n are a
v il f f ic ti
. . . . . .
, ,

m i gh t y h t ; Si i x 8 6 t
,
th e e s o or n a on
h .
os
”
r . . 0 a
A p it ( 666po s) u n t o t h e sou l
6
7 6 0 0 1 K39 77 070 62 bu t f o r
.

f or n ica t ion So a ( a 6 a A S I
f ~

f re a d 677 1 0 0 w e sh o u l d r e a d 01 77 6 K7 01 06770 0 0
’ ’

t cti
.
. .

“
t h e d e s ru 2 003) o f t h e
on ( 61 6 1 l so u T h u s Sa n h 1 00b , Y e b a m 6 3b , re s e r e p v
f ic ti t xt
. .
”
is o rnH a d on er e an the e mnwm um 715 1 mm:
c l d b th b d i g
.

f 1
ou o e r en er n s o Or r ich or p o or 6 S om
A
v i ti p b bl y
.

w b t th
‘

nn u e ar a on ro a a r os e Br in g e t h r ep r oa ch d er is ion with
th i t h G k
,

W i n e re e .
Belia r d e A r e a d m ak e h h im S t
Th i f f e i ti s n (o f or n ca on a a e sel f p c
a re r o a h a n d s ub e o f d e r s on j ct ii
bd g A S d f ic ti I
r ea orn a on .
”
it
( 7 61 107 0 ) w h B a n d t h e so n s o f m e n
” ’

t ii
. .

Sp t i g it f
e a ra m G d id l d e r s on
n ro o o s. I ns ead of ( 7 61 107 0 ) 0
Ph c i T Sim v 3 K t h b
ra se re u rs n e u re a d s o rru c pt
l y 77 p60 K0p 0 0 , w h h ic
t t th t m t i d l t
. . . . .

ic c p ti
.
,

11 b s a es a os o a e rs are w h h s e e ms t o b e a o rr u on o f
a d lt u e r ers

Cf W i d
.

B i g i g it r n t id l n n ea r o o s s
pine;
x i v l 2 dpxiy 7 3p p t 6 1
. . .

7r o 06 a s 7 001 0 8 F or h ea r y e r eg a r din g J h ow he
. .

b t th t m f ic ti i
.

6 13 6t 1 u e er
“
o rn a on s g u a r d ed h im s e l
f f r om a ( a
I
) 6 S re a d
A
ic J i f f
.

th d m t ph ic ll y f p i it l
,
“
er e u se e a or a o s r ua f or s n e g u a rd e d h m s e l ro m

v vi
.

un a f ith f l t l it ll y i
u n e s s, n o era as n o ur e e ry Se e T J os
. . . .

t xte . A n d f ou n d f a vou r in th e s ig h t of
L d th d w ea t H d
e Cf o n o a es God A I
6 S re a d h e o u n d f a o u r f v
P v v ii 2 7
. .

ro H h
. i th w y
.
“
er ou se s e a i t
in t h e s gh o f t h e Lord O f T Sim . . . . v .
 RE U BE N— CH A P T E RS IV .
5
—V .
3 u

the Egy p tia n w o m a n did m a n y thi n gs u n to h im a n d ,

s u m m o n e d m a gicia n s a n d o ffe red him l ove p oti on s bu t t h e , ,

pu rp os e of his so u l a dm itt e d n o e v il d e sir e 1 0 Th e re fo re . .

t h e God o f yo u r fath e rs d e li v e r e d h im fro m e v e ry e v il ( a n d )

hidd e n d e a th 1 1 For if for n ica tio n o ve rco m e s n ot yo u r . .

m i n d n e ith e r c a n Be lia r o v e rco m e yo u

, .

V rFo r1 ev il a re w om e n m y childr e n ; a n d sin ce th e y

.
,

h a v e n o p ow e r or stre n gth o ve r m a n th e y u se wil e s by ,

ou twa rd attraction s th a t th e y m a y dr a w him to th e m s e l ve s .

2 A n d who m th e y c a n n ot b e witch by o u tw a rd a ttr a ctio n s

.
,

him th e y o v erco m e by cra ft 3 T O N m or e o ve r co n ce r n i n g . .

,

th em t h e a n gel o f t h e Lo rd t o ld m e a n d t a u ght m e that

, , ,

wom e n a r e o v ercom e by t h e Sp irit o f for n ica tio n m ore tha n

m e n a n d in their he a r t th e y p lot a gai n st m e n ; a n d by
,

m e a n s o f th e ir ador n m e n t th e y dec e i v e first their m i n ds ,

and by t h e glan ce of t h e e ye in stil the p oiso n a n d ,

th e n thro u gh t h e a cco m plish e d act th e y tak e th e m ca p ti ve .

2 . Th p h i igi lly d i v d By tw d tt ti
e ra s e Th t x t i
s or na er e ou ar a ra c on s e e s

f m 1 S m ii 2 6 P v iii 3 4 I t 6 001 t lt
.

ro a d i h d t ro 0 1 0 001 an s ar o ra n s a e

i i p t f d g i i L k ii 52
. .

mb c v y th i g i p
. . . .
,

s n ar x60 ou n a a n n u e 0 0 e ra es e er n n a e r so n

t bl y i A ct v ii 1 0 wh it i th t t ik t h t h fig
.
,

an d no a n i s ere s a s r es e sens e s , e e u re ,
c cti w ith J p h i b i g tti g t cti
. .
, .

u sed i n on n e on Th o se as n ea r n a re , e s u re s , a on s us

t xt 2 it pp t f t ml y g t u
.
,

o ur 3 03e 63 : K0 6
*
3 10K6 0 a e ars o re er o u n see es r es
0 6 6 x ip
71 2 6 1 c P 7 6 d m
w K0 t ici tti i 4 d t 00 07 00 ( 0 10 1 an er e r ou s a re n ve r an o
9 Of T J vi tw d d m t i
. .

. . . 08 . 5 . ou ar a or n en n v er . .

10 Y 1
f th ( ) hiAS ou r d 2 By tw d
a tt ti
er s (3 0 c re a ou ar a ra c ons 1

f th 6 my f t h
. . .

” ” I
ou r a
x 61
e rs, ) S 6A S d 3 11 a ers 0 7 1 0 7 09 o 0 re a 000 1 6 109 ,

O f A ct v ii 1 0 w h ic h i h q it w g
. . .

D li d him e t ver e e c s s e re u e r on

c p ti f w
. . . .
,

65 11 6 6 3 6 6
07 0 0 6 61 15 1 m y —p 7 0 11 77 0 0 1 0 7 1 0 1 6 100 a : s or a orr u on o in o r
0 07 00 = 0 xfium
.

in
E vil Here 77 0077 o 6= w o r y e n,
p y B ew it ch ( 71 0 7 0 7 0777 6 60 0 0 00 1 6 AS 1

ic
wh h was c pt d i t m H c v c o rru e n o u en e rea d
“
o er o m e

di g it t i ti t
.

3p 6
07 o 1 th f 6 d Afi SK0 e re a n o - 3 I
3 W h h s e s m a e o f w o m en
v i ibl d cc v ii
, ,
.

s e an of E les 27
cc
. . . .

p w v th
.

1 1 B li h . e ar as no o er o er e Th ey p l ot Cf E les vi i 26
Cf J b i 2 0 x 6 ( t ) E cc l t t
. . . .

p u re u no e es. W h o se h e ar is s na r e s a n d n e s
v ii 2 6 it
. . . .
.
, .

F irs t ( 6 A SI ) 0 om s
tf
. . .

v
.

Y b * d re a Th e l u s u l m o e
(h A
ou r d c a
o u r, G la n ce of t h e eye
b S m it t f i
.

I
0 o m en o f t h e e y e s is r e e r re d t o a ga n in
v ii
.

C an m 6A S d over co e
1
re a T I ss 2 [LET Gp U/Mp 696 60 1 11 1230, T
v cm vi
. . . .

”
We
'‘

h ll
s a o er o e Ben 3 71 6 7 6 wp1 0001 s 69660 1 016 0
it fi t ti i
.

v v
. . .

V 1 F 6 A S m or
1
o find rs m en o n e d in Pr o 25
t iii
. .

x xx
. .

Cf E cc l
.

w m 5956: ali n 5 1 , and n e in Sir -

E il v 27 T
a re g o en . . es . VII .
,
3 . .

4 7 7 03 66 0 1 7 6 1 17 36 1 1 6 7 6 10 71 0 0 1 0 11 0 1 1 9 1 01 ,

A d i ( A) 6 S
n d b c xxvi 9 p 1 7
s n ce 0 3 1 p 1 2
I
re a e a u se 77 0 0 6 0 000 1 K s 6 0 1 6 7 6 10 10 1 0 s
‘

ic
. .

”
s n e . 3166 1 1 6 I Si 4 6 01 1 0 1 1 0. n r . x xu i . 77 1 0 1 00
12 T E STA ME NT S O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
4 .F or a wo ma n ca n n ot force a m a n op e n ly bu t by a harlot s ,
’

be a ri n g she b e gu il e s h im 5 Fl e e th e r e fore for n ica ti on . .

, , ,

m y childr e n a n d co m m an d yo u r wi v e s a n d yo ur d a u ght e rs
, ,

that th e y ad o r n n ot th e ir he a ds a n d face s t o d e ce i ve the

m i n d ; b e ca u s e e v e ry wo m a n who u s e th these wil e s hath
b e e n reserve d for e t e rn a l p u n ish m e n t 6 Fo r th u s th e y . .

a ll ured t h e W a tch e rs w h o w e r e b e for e t h e flood ; for as

th e se co n ti n u ally beh e ld th e m th e y l u st e d aft e r th e m a n d , ,

th e y co n ce ive d t h e a c t in th e ir m i n d ; for th e y ch a n ged

th e m se l v e s i t o t h e sh a p e o f m e n a n d a ppe a re d to th e m
n ,

wh e th e y we re with th e ir h u sb a n ds 7 A n d t h e wom en
n . .

l u stin g in th e ir m i n ds a ft e r th e ir forms ga ve birth t o gi a n ts , ,

for t h e W a tch e rs a pp e a re d to th e m a s re a chi g e ve n u to n n

h ea ven .

V I Be war e th e r e fo r e of for n icatio n ; a n d if yo u w ish

.
, ,

a pp e a rs as a p a r a ll e l t o 11 67 6 101 0011 30 xxv 2 4 xxvIn it i t t

-
7, 1 3, is s a d h a
iii t pp i t c i f v
. . .

611660 1 11 16 0 Cf a ls o T Is “
1 6 w a n on “
Az a z el w a s a o n ed h e o e r al l
i t
. . . . .

e ye s d y e s a n d a ll k n d s o f o r na m e n s b y
ic tic t t
.

4 Op en ly beg u iles h im w h h w o me n e n e m e n t o h o u gh s o f

it i it t x t t t it
.

I ”
A S om T h s a gr e e s w h o u r e ha
6 s in

t
. .

5 Th er ef or e ( 6 A SI ) 0 rea d s w a s by t h e u s e o f d y es a n d orn a m e n s
cf t t t tic tc
.

v
.

”
h en e or h or m ore o er h a w ome n e n ed t he W a h e rs It
q it p i t t v t
.

A d or n n ot t h e ir h ea d s a n d f a ces is u e o s s bl e h a t h e a b o e s ory
cc i c v iii f i St
.

A o rd n g t o E n o h 1 t h e a ll e n v
m a y h a e b e e n in t h e m n d s o f
W tch t gh t w m t h t f t St t t
. .

a e rs au o en e ar s o Pe er a n d Pa u l w h en h e y wr o e
tifyi g t h f c ig iii
.

b e au n d w e a e an e ar n 1 Pe t 3 5 15 0 60 7 10 06X 3 65 10060

p ci m t l — v i w th t i d p t d
. .

re ous e a s a e a s a o e 611 771 0Kfis 7 p1x160 K0 1 77 6 11 1 660 6 103 xp00 1w0

b y T t l li D O tt F m i 2 1 0
er u an e u u e 60 360 6 10 3 111 0 7 1111 0 11 6011 03, Kp0777 3$
Th i i c t y t th t t m t i th
. . .
,

s s on ra r o e s a e en n e 39 11 0 13310 3 610670107710 8
7 7 067 109 7 cip

ne x t v th t it w by ch d e rs e a as su a o rn 7 07 6 K0 2 0 1 13 17 1 0 1 7 000 111 6 3 61 60 11 000

m t th t w m
en s ll d t h W tc h
a o en a u re e a e rs 60 07 1113 : 1 Tim 9 160 0 67 105 7 000 611 0 3 ii
it i
. .

n o F th
s n H b l or e e re w o cu s 60 77 1 67 0 0 0 1 0 K0 1 xp00 119
cl i m t
.

th
a ss c us o n f m e o rn a en s o wo en , 77 01 07 6 1 6 1

iii 1 6
.

s ee I s . . W a t ch ers 8 8 8 Da n
iv c v i v iii iv
.

R df lp i hm t (
’

t
eser ve or e er n a un s en 61s 1 3, 2 3 ; 1 E n o h ; Jub
-

Cf J d 6 c xv iii p c
. .

v
. . .

K 61 16
0 0 1 0 0 1 01 00 u e 1 5, 1 2 E no h 3, a n d r e e d
2 P t ii 4 t
. . .

11 11 1 0 1 0 3a 7 67 7 60 : e . . in g n o e .

1
6 13 11 110 1 0 F or a s ( 0 d ) l A S r ea d an d as
1 6 1 .
-
.

Th u s t h ey a ll u r ed th e W a t ch ers
'

6 L u s t ed af t er t h em So A b b * °d e
g
cc i iv ft t t
. . . .

A or d n g t o J u b 1 5 ( w h e re s e e m y 0 6 g re a d
-
l u s e d a e r o n e a n o h er
t tc c
. .

cc i
.

n o e ) t he W a h e rs d e s e n d e d t o in R ea ch in g u n t o h ea ven A ord n g t o
t ct ci ft c v ii t i i t
.

s ru t h e h ld r e n o f m e n , a n d a e r 1 En o h 2 h e r h e gh w a s 30006 118
p c t t v
. .

w a rd s ro ee de d to ak e h e m se l e s VI Bew a r e of f or n ica t ion

iv t iv
.

w e s o f t h e d a u gh e rs o f m e n ( Ju b Cf 6 ; T Sim V 3 ;
v vi f f it i v c
. . . . . .

Th e sa m e e w in a u ll er o r m T ob 12 77 01006 10 h e re e mb ra e s
f ic
.

J t t f ic ti
. .

is o u n d in t h e Ch ron l e s o f e ra h me el b o h a d u l e r y a n d o rn a o n .
 14 T E ST A M E NT S O F T H E T W E L V E P A T R IA R CH S
God ga v e t h e sov e e ig n ty [a n d to J u d a h with h im a n d r

t o m e als o a n d to Da n a n d J os e p h th a t w e sho u ld be for

, ,

r u l e rs ] 8 Th e re for e I co m m a n d yo u to h e a rk e n t o Le v i
. .
,

b e ca u s e h e shall k n ow t h e l a w o f t h e L ord a n d sh a ll gi v e ,

o rdi n a n c e s for j u dg m e n t a n d sh a ll sacrific e f or all I sr a e l

u n til t h e co n s u mm a ti o n o f t h e ti m e s a s t h e a n oi n t e d High ,

w it h h im i A i t (Sw t
’
m y b g i T a e I t d
e nu n e , t O T i as n r s eas e e s n ro o n

Sim v ii 2 T N p h v iii 2 J d h v t t th t
. . . .

m
’
G h p a u a s r ee or e o er, s a es a

k i g h i p i m ti d b t th i i h i gh p i t t i m
.
. .
, . . .
, , _

n s s tenEl th
one u s s no e a z ar e r es sen s x en

l k l y if i d thi f m ch f h i Tw l v h ib t
,
r
11 i g ea o s e es o
‘
i e ver s e n u n e, an s ro e

th i ti Pt l m y Th i t ll y p pp
.

ere t q
s n o r e a so n o u es on o e s n a u ra r e su o se s

x i t c f t h t ib i P l ti
. .

I th T g m
n e f P J ar G thu o s -
on on en e e s en e o e r es n a es ne

v y d i ff t t t igh b h d A cc d i g t
. . .

l
X IX 3 w fi d e n it a er e re n s a e or s ne o ur oo or n o

m t p ti g t h v i w f t h J w t h ld b l i f ( I E ch l xxx i x 72 )
. .

en re r e se n n e e s o e e s e o er e e no

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 RE U BE N — CH A P T E R VI . 8 11 1 5

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, of . .

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16 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
o v er the n ation 1 2 A n d bow dow n b e fore his s e ed
a ll . .
,

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.
,

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. .

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t h e c a v e wh e r e his fa th e r w a s .

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I8 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
An d my liv er was i mm o vabl e ,

A n d my bowels without com p assio n .

5 Because v a lou r a lso h a s b e en gi v e n fro m t h e Most

.

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you th I was jealo u s rin m a n y thi n gs 1 of J os e p h because m y ,

fa th e r lov ed h im rb e y o n d a l l l 7 A n d I s e t my m in d . .

ag a i n st him to d e stroy h im becau se the p ri n ce of dece it ,

s e n t forth t h e s p irit of jea lou sy a n d bli n d e d m y m in d so ,

that I r e gard e d h im n ot as a br o th e r n or did I s p are ,

e ve n J acob m y fa ther 8 Bu t his God a n d t h e God of his . .

fath e rs s e n t f orth His a n gel a n d d e liv ered h im ou t o f m y ,

h a n ds 9 For wh e n I we n t to Sh e chem to bri n g oi n t m e n t

. .

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~
,

n e c e ssari e s a n d all o ur stor e s J u dah m brother sold h im

y ,

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thi n gs h e w a s grie v e d fo r he wish e d to r e store him to ,

his fa th e r 1 1 But o n h e arin g this I w a s [e x ce e din gly 1

. .

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d t t h t ti m i A ct x ii 1 1 Cf P xxx i v 7 8
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, .

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f J p h Cf i v 2 3 Th xxxv ii 2 6 2 8
. . .
.
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, . .

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. .

l
x ii 24 w fi d e My b th ( ) [3 A S
n ose d oo e on ro er a
I
re a
“
our
f m th m w h h d g i v c b th
. .

”
ro e l t o a en ou n se o ro er .

”
s al y him Cf B bb 9 1 10 H d th
. thi g
er ra S G a . ea r ese n s o en

xxxv ii 2 1 H d 6 = y w BA S
. . . .

M y f th ( A ) {3 S a d er 0 -
0
I
re a
“
o ur e re xo 0a s 1 p 3
l

f th cm
. . . .

é1 6 3 = m
”
a er d hi re a a e 00 13 3 a re

5A S mit
. . .

I
B y d t h m ll l
r e on fl te a o . con a e.

7 Mi d T th fi nS 4 R t (6 7 7 1 A
ex as rr a r a ee v es or e x0 0 0 6 00 h* Cd 9 8 $ e
t
. . . .

Cf J dg x i x 3 ; 1 S m v i
.

l
P i f d it
r n ce S T o ece B f S ee no e on u a -
a

R b ii 1
,
. . . . . .

=y m c pt f w
.

eu d 3 3 re a 1 0 0 1 00 1 ‘
n, orr u or a n,
xxxv ii 2 2 A i fl t
. . .

S t f th th p i it f j l d i G e s o ea ou s an a h
en or y r as n en s c on a e,

p i it f 3 13
. . .

( HA S)
“
d d th 0 re a 16 s 7 7 2 an e s r o 10 0 1 0 0 1 K0 11 0 0 6 0.

j l y
.

ea ou s 11 O h i g th t hi g n ea r n ese n s

Cf T R b iii 8
. .

Bli d d my mi d n e fiA S n m .A = é1 06 . . eu . . .
b* °d e fg I
o a bh 1 0

m c p ti i p c di g v
.

N d id I p or ( d) fi d A S s a r e even 0 .
-
I
sa e orr u on a s n re e n e rs e

d p
.

“ ” I
re a d d t an Es di g ly
a re noBA S m . x cee n o .
 S I ME O N —CH A P T E R S I I 5—IV. . I 19

wroth a gain st J u d a h in that h e l e t him go awa y aliv e a n d ,

fo r fi v e m o n ths I co n ti n u e d wrath f u l ag a i n st h im 1 2 Bu t . .

the Lord r e stra i n e d m e a n d withh e ld [fro m m e l the p o w e r o f ,

m y ha n ds ; for m y right h a n d was h a l f with e r e d for s e v e n

days 1 3 A n d I k n e w m y childr e n th a t b e ca u s e o f
. .
, ,

J os e p h this had b e falle n m e a n d I r e p e n t e d a n d we p t ; ,

a n d I b e s o u ght t h e Lord God th a t m y h a n d m ight be

restore d a n d that I m ight hold al o of fro m all p ollu tio n
,

a n d e n v y l a n d fro m all f o ll l 1 4 For I k n ew that I had

y , . .
,

d e v is e d a n e v il thi n g b e fore the Lord a n d J a cob m y fa th e r ,

o n a cco u n t o f J os e p h m
y br o th e r in that I e n v ied h im , .

I I I A n d n ow m y children rh e ark e n u n to m e a n d1 b e ware

.
, ,

of the s p irit o f d e ce it a n d o f e n v y 2 For e n vy r u le th o ve r . .

the whole m i n d of a m a n a n d s u ffe re th h im rn e ither to e a t ,

n o r to d r in k l n o r to do a n
y good thi ng, 3 B u t it e v er . .

s u gge s t e t h ( to him ) t o d e stroy h im that he e n v i e th and

so lon g as he th a t is e n v i e d fl o u rish e t h h e th a t e n v i e th ,

fa d e th away 4 Tw o ye ars rt h ere fore 1 I a fflicted m y sou l

. .

with fastin g in t h e fe a r of t h e Lord a n d I l ea rn t t h a t ,

d e li ve r a n ce fro m e n v y com e th by t h e fear o f God 5 F or . .

if a m a n fl e e to t h e Lord t h e e v il s p irit r u n n e th away ,

f rom h im a n d his m i n d is light e n e d

,
6 A n d h e n cef orward . .

h e sym p a t hise t h with h im who m h e e n v i e d a n d agr e e th

with thos e who lo v e him a n d so ce as e th fro m his en vy ,
.

I V A n d m y fa ther a sk e d [co n c e r n i n g m e l b e caus e h e saw

.
,

1 2 Seven ( 0 b d g ) a ef °d 9 8
SI Ab *
Aj flict ed my s ou l w ith f a s tin g Fro m
i xt
. .

xxxv
.

“ ” ’
r ead s y ( i e 5 fo r . . Ps . 15 . .

1 3 The Lor d G od ( 0 d ) B d A -
6 A g r eet h ( f So I w it h 0 a e Sl )
i
. . . .

b* °d e g 8 1 re a d
“
t he Lord , Aa b b re n d e r 0 07 7 1 0 160 11 61 Th e o rd n a ry
i c
.

God mean ng “
a r don s,
” “
p
m a k e s a l l o w an e
it
.

l il y ha nd mig h t be r es t o red f o r, d oe s n o t s u so w ell On the

t i
.

( 0 d A abh
) B
, b d r e a d “-
I m gh b e i t o h er h an d, t h e r e a d n
g o bd g A
f b * °d 6

t i t t pp t tt
.

r e s o re d b S1 “ He m gh res ore my 06 11 0 7 0 7 10160 1 0 su or s t h e l a er

h an d
”
m ean n g i
Hen e t h e He bre w e ma y c t xt
pt c
. .

III 1 Hea r ken u n t o m e a n d v

h a e b e e n o rru 0 6 7 7 10 160 K6 1 = n$o ~

j ic i
. . .

(3 A S
om f o r np v vz
“
re o es
”
Th s
it c t xt j ic
.

S p i it v
.

“
Sp ir it ( 0 A S2 ) BS
I
re a d “
r s w o u l d su th e o e ,n re o e s o er

ti tf t t t v p i
. .

”
3 So l ong a s , e t c Tr a n sl a o n d ou b u l h os e h a l o e h im ; or o s s bl y for
c c
. . .

”
4 Tw o y ea r s rt he r ef or e1 ( A ) h BSI h aw : o mm e n d s

iv
. . .

re a d t w o y e ars o f d a y s . I V 1 Her e t h e l e r is re g ar d e d as
. .
20 T E STA ME NT S O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
that I was sad a n d I said u n to h im I a m p ai n ed in m y live r , .

2 For I m o u r n e d m or e tha n th e y all bec a u se I was g u ilty

. ,

of t h e sellin g o f J os e p h 3 An d whe n w e w e n t down in to . .

Egyp t a n d he bo u n d m e as a s p y I k n e w th a t I w a s
, ,

su fferi n g j u stly a n d I grie ve d n ot 4 Now J os e p h was a,

. .

good m a n a n d h a d t h e Sp irit o f God withi n him : b e in g

,

com p assio n at e a n d p itifu l h e bore n o m alice again st m e ; ,

bu t lo v ed m e e v e n as t h e r e st of his br e thr e n 5 . .

Be war e th e r e for e m y children of a ll j e a lo u sy a n d

, , ,

en v y a n d wa lk in sin gl e n ess
, BA S
I

of h ea r t ,
sou l a n d with good heart ,

k e e p i n g in m in d J os e p h
yo u r fa ther s brother ’

that God m a y giv e ryon also1 grac e a n d glory a n d bl e ssin g ,

u pon your h e a ds e ve n a s ye saw in J os e p h s case 6 ’

. .
,

A l l his days he r e p roach e d u s n o t co n c e rn i n g this thi n g ,

bu t lo v ed us as his o w n sou l a n d b e yo n d his o w n so n s ,

glorified u s a n d ga v e us riches a n d cattl e a n d fr u its 7

, , . .

Do ye also m y childre n lo ve e ach on e his broth e r with a

, ,

good h e art a n d the Sp irit of en vy will withdra w fro m you

, .

8 For this m ak e th sa v ag e t h e so ul a n d d e s t r o y e th the

.

body ; it causes an g e r a n d war in the m in d a n d stirreth u p ,

u n to d e e ds of blood ,

t h e s ou r e o f h y s a l c p ic il m t O a en n the p A
u re , m) h t k pi g i h o ear ee n n
iv c th ic l vil mi d J f th
.

ph (b m ) y
.
,

l er a s t h e so u r e o f
’
e a e s, s e e n os e o ou r a er s
ii ii b th
.

4 ; T Na ph
”
. 8 . . . . ro
(f er A d or re a s
Un t o him Bd A-a
t v 1
m k pi g 01 o
“
ee n

it b th d i c pt
.

om ro er s orr u

t
. . .

2 3 Se e n o e o n 11 6 ’
hi ‘ “
J ph os e
( A ) BS d
J p c s ca s e rea s
. . .
0

c
.

4 He re o s e h is o mm e n d e d , a s in ase
”

t t
.

'
h a o f Na ph
6: t éeg p gssp
21 li e I s a i en ve
6 G i h Cf G
.

'‘ ta ve r c es , e c en .
3 l R l
xl vii 1 1 1 2
.

l
. .

A s t h e r es t of h is br et h r en ( BAa h h
. .
,

it
0 r e a ds t
w h m y br e h re n
Us BA S1
re a d us all .

c
.

5 Sin g le n ess of h ea r t Ph ra se re urs 7 L o ve e a ch on e his br ot h er Cf

vi
. . .

vi iii
. .

in E ph 5 Co l 22 is T . Re ub . . 9 .

c fi i pi t N
. . . . .

on ne d t o Pa u l n e E s l e s in T Th e f en vy w ill w it hd ra w
sp ir it o
t iii
. .

See n o e o n T I ss 2 “ Cd e f g
. . . .
( 6
1 7 00 7 60 6 7 0 1
)f ro m y o u ( g
0 A ) .

I “ l
0f h e a r t BA S r e a d s ou l a n d Be g S re a d p ut a w a y ( ctr 007 730 07 6 )
-
-

( A ah
o mit) w h g o o d ( A
.
a h w w eg
re a d t he s p i it
r of e n vy .
2 2 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
4 .F or I ha ve see n it i n scrib e d in the writi n g of E n och
th a t your so n s shall be corru p ted in forn ica tion a n d shall ,

do har m to the son s o f Le v i with the sword 5 Bu t th e y . .

shall n ot be able to withstan d Le v i ; for h e shall wage the

war of t h e Lord a d shall co q er
n n u ra ll 1 you r hosts 6 A n d,
. .

th e y shall be fe w i n u m b e r di v id e d in Le v i a n d J u d a h n , ,

an d th e r e shall be n on e of you for s o ve r e ign ty e v e a s a lso ,

n

o u r fa th e r p ro p h e si e d in his bl e ssi gs n .

V I Be h o ld I ha v e told you all thi n gs that I m a y be

. ,

ac qu itt e d o f yo ur s in 2 No w if ye r e m o ve fro m you . .

,

you r e n v y a n d a l l sti ff n eck edn e ss -

,

A s a ros e sh a ll m y b on e s fl o u rish in I sra e l ,

A n d as a lily m y fl e sh in J a co b ,

A d m y odou r sh a ll be as t h e o do ur o f Liba n u s
n

A n d as c e dars shall h o ly o n e s be m u lti p lied fro m m e for e v er ,

A n d th e ir br an ch e s sh a ll str e tch a far o ff .

4 I t h w it i g f E n h Cf T
e m r v h ich d w d w t h c
n o n oc o re o er , w re o n e u rs e

L v i x 5 x i v 1 xv i 1 T J d xv iii 1 xl i x 6 7 i tt i b t d i t h
. . . .

e i G u n en . -
s a r u e n e

v 6 T N ph i v 1 T B j m i t L v i ( T L v i i ) d f
.
.
, .
, . . . .
,

T D an a en a n o e s ee e v , an or

i x 1 I t i p ibl th t m ch t h i d d d pit G xl i x 6 7 h i
. . . . . . . .

s o ss e a so e su s ee es e en -
, e s

t t m t t t h m l d t i i t i h ighl y xt l l d i J b xxx 1 8 2 3
. . .
.
,

s a e en as o e or a e e r or a on e o e n u -

f d i t h l y E c h ic y m h i p t d b i g
. .

o f I l ws ra e as ou n n e e ar no na ore , e s re re sen e as e n

w iti g A i mi l t t m t t th t d i v i l y c m m d d i T L v i
,

r n s ar s a e d en o a ne o en e n e v , an

t x t b t f i g t t h A t y t th i c i m t i c i t tl y m d
. . .

i
n o ur e u r e e rr n o e n e e s u rse s os n on s s e n a e

i f ch xxx i v 2 t l igh t S i m i t h p t
,

d il i d i 2 E
u v an s , s ou n n no o on e on n e re se n con

t xt A l d i g t h t w c t i
. .

D h m t th o arf L i( o o e s on s o ev 0 7 e s a ru e, ur n e o e n ur e s

Th i p c di g t h Ch i ti cti
. .

A 1 66 t th s c o n s ru c re e n e r s a n e ra , e a on

ti m y b H b i m b
on a em f S im
a d L vi w
e ra sh i gh l y m z
n 1 ». o e on an e as co

Bg A S
-
d 6 A 1 re a mm m d d b t l t 0 bb i ic t d iti
60 en e u a er ra n ra on

Th i c t cti i f d i H b w j dg d m i cc d c with t h
.
,

s on s r u on s ou n n e re u e or e n a or an e e

an d LXX i 1 Ch xvi 2 2 O t h n t c p r on c d i G xl i x 6 7 n e se n en e ron o u n e n en -

bj ct m tt T R b vi 5
.

t J b xxx 2 6 G k l
. . . . .

su e -
a S my
er se e eu ee n o e on u -
un e
xxx i v
. . . . . .

5 B bl t wi th t d L i ( A)
e a e G o s an ev 0 on en

p v il g i t Cf T
. .

BS
. .

“
d re a Th
re h ll b
a af y f
a ns er e s a e n on e o ou or
R b vi 5 I c t d i c v h w th i
. . .

eu . ig ty s over e n an n o s o er o s
t t m t i c ct d w ith G xl i x
. . .

Sh ll w g t h w a f t h L d Th
a e e ar o e or e s a e en s o nn e e en .

f c i b v i l y t t h M cc b
. .

re er e n e s o 6 7 ou s o e a a ean -

i h i gh p i t Cf T R b v i 1 2
.

w a rr or O
r es s f th ( A ) bd d my eu ur a er 0 a re a
“

f th BA
. .

Jcb
. . . . .

6 A d t h y h ll b f w i n mb e s a dd e e n nu er , a e r. a bh e fg a a o

Th t x t
.

d f
.

I
di id d i L i
v e d J d h n ev V I 1 T ld ( A )
an
BS u a e e o 0 r ea
“
ore

xl i x 7 I wi ll d i vi d t l d
. . . .

i b
s d G
a se on en e o

th m ( S im d L vi ) i J c b
. . .
,

e e ond A q i tt d f y
an i (3 e 60 6 3 n a o an c u e o ou r s n 1 11 0 1 1 10 1 71 1
-

di p th m i I l Th i c Cf T L v i x i v 2
”
s e r se e 6 51 p l n s ra e s u r se 7 9 11 1 0 7 0$ e

ppl i d b y th t S i m
. . . . .

B S
l
is a e Y i (
our au d or o e on ou r s n 0 e -
e re a
on ly H c t d th th bl e i
an n o f y l o o er an e ss s n o o u r sou s
L vi d t cti f S h ch m
.

Cf P l xxx 1 0
.

e Th , e 2 Ae s ru d on o e e , . s ce a rs . 0 001 . . s. . .
 SI ME O N —CH A P T E RS V 4—
VI . .
5 2 3

3 Th e n
. shall pe rish t h e s ee d of Ca n a an ,

A n d a r e m n a n t sh a ll n o t be u n to A m a l e k ,

[A n d a l l t h e Ca pp ad o cia n s sh a ll p e rish 1 ,

A n d all t h e Hittites shall be u tt e rly d e stroye d .

4 . Th e n sh a ll fail the la nd o f Ha m ,

A n d all t h e p e o p l e shall p e rish .

Th e n sh a ll all t h e e arth rest from trouble ,

A n d all t h e world u n der h e a v e n fro m w a r .

R t d T xt es ore A e a bb

5 . Th e n t h e Mighty O n e o f 5 The n shall Sh e m ( MSS . .

I sra e l sh a ll glori fy Se th be glo rifi e d ,

Sh e m , For the Lord o u r God

For t h e Lord God shall shall a pp ear on earth
a pp e a r on e a rth [as m a n ] ,

A n d sa v e the so n s of A n d Hi m s e lf sa v es agai n .

men .

3 i v f t
Th s e r se t v g i (c pt)
ore e l l s t h e d e s ru o A d sa es a a n o rr u A b * °d e g “
n

ti i it (A m ) t h h ll S h m b gl ifi d
. .

o n o f I sr a e l s e n e m e s , t h e Ca n a a n e s ,
’
g o en s a e e or e

it pp ci t h L d t h Mi gh t y O
.
,

A m a l e k e s , Ca a do an s (i e F
D‘WDDJ , f I l or e or e ne o sr ae

i i ti t h ll [b g l ifi d ] t h [ d] pp
. .

Ph l s n e s Cf De u ii 2 3 A m o s s a e or e on ear an a e ar

ix t xx i v ig ( b d
. . . .
,

[ m ] BS
“
7 a n d s e e m y n o e o n J ub Th th as an : en e s n

ittit c i S h m) h ll b gl ifi d F t h L d
. . . .

an d H e s ( o r Ma e d o n a n s ) e s a e or e or e or

p t G d t h Mi gh t y O f I l pp i g
.
,

Hi tt it es X67 7 0 201 m a y r e rese n o e ne o s ra e a e ar n

it ittit th [ m ] A d v i g t h g h
.

”
H
”
or o m:
“
e h er nu
“ ‘
e s, G re e k s on e ar as an n sa n ro u

c i
,

or Ma e don a n s . h im m (6 6 3 3 an 0 0 7 11 7 0

4 A l l t h e p eop l e w ill p er is h Fi t f l l 1 67
Th ese 1 1 11 i f rs o a 1 01 7 11: 0 70 7 n 0 i
pit
. .

igi l i c p t f 67
,

w ord s s e e m t o o n t o t h e w oe s p re I or na s orr u or 09 TOU

11
c i v t i S b t th l tt
,
.
,
ed n g t h e ad e n oi t h e k ngdo m b* °d e
i BA .
as n g u e se a er
5 8 G od a
-
pp p
e a rs in v th iti pp t t p th i
e rso n t o s a e
au or es a e ar
,

o ra n s ose s
i v i p i it c ph w gly i t t h c d li
.

ma nk n d : t h e e l s r s a r e r e du e d If r a se ro n n o e se o n ne
i i cti fi t li
.

t o su b m s s o n , a n d t h e re s urre on o f th
1 67 I b l g t 1 0: 7 06 e on s o e rs n e,
i t t p c
t h e r gh e o u s a k e s l a e 6 3 5 66 c t b igh t I t 0 00 067 0 1
.

a n no e r
t f c
0
.

w h ich t h t l t
.

5 Fo r o h e r re e re n e s t o Th e o f h ld or e ra n s a or s ou
p i ii v v iii
.

h a n es se e T Le v
T Ju d xx ii 2 T Ze b
1 1,
ix
. 2, .

8
h v
11
.

T
dm 3 56
.

S c dly E 1
.

a e re a y 0 1061 . e on , 7 11

N
.

a ph v iii
.

3 T A sh v ii
.

3
.

m
.

t pp .

t ly b
.

us a a re n e ao

t f v i t xt t hpt dl d g i td i 11 i2 t h GI f t hk l ttth iit

. . . . . .

ce e a a ns 0 7 1 6 00 e a er s
Re s or e d ro m th e
.
a r ou s e s

a ndv i e r s on s 0 = “
i
Th e n sh a ll a s gn
c
g
p t Zi
e o e r re a n n e re e ,
en

ifi t t
.
“
m f i
p or e on
a
y a o rru s,
b e g l o r e d gr e a l y u n o I sra el ( 7 3n
. . .
,

0 7711 6 600 60 305 0 0 660 6 7 0 1 11 67 0 7 12 3 Th i dl y G t h pitd t 6 r ,

as a s er as o n e ou ,
0

Fo r t h e Lord G o d a pp i t 6 13 ( b f y )
e a r n g o n e ar h 3 A 3d1 m 0 7 0 e
l
7 0
’
i z
x n 13 ,

c
sh a ll o m e [a s m a n ] , A n d s avi t wh
n g h r ou gh I t k t b c pt f i er e a e 13 o e o rru or n

w h ich c it i t b “
h im m a n ( 60 0 67 16 7 30 Aa b b d d f a se s o e r en e re or

S Hi m lf t td d t ”
Th e n sh a ll Se t h ( c or p t fo
r u r
“
h em d se or re a e as a re un an

ifi
b e gl o r e d , Fo r t h e Lo r d o ur G o d sh all xp i f t h p b f th e r e ss on o e r on o u n e o re e

app t i f
e ar o n e a r h [a s m a n ] , A n d H m s e l ( A m i m b t f d i n ou n an ra a s u ou n n
24 T E STA ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
6 The n
. shall all t h e s p irits of d e ce it be gi v e n to be trodd e n
u n d e r foot ,

A n d m e n shall rule o v e r wick e d s p irits .

7 The n
. shall I aris e in j oy ,

A n d will bl e ss t h e Most High b e ca u s e of His m ar v ello u s

works ,

[B eca u se God hath tak e n a body a n d eat e n with m e n

a n d sa v e d m e n ] .

VII . An d children ob e y Le v i a n d J u d a h a n d
n ow, my , ,

be n o t li ft e d u p a gai n st th e s e two tribes for from th e m shall ,

arise u n t o yo t h e s l v tio o G d
u a a n r f o ] 2 Fo r t h e L o rd sh a ll . .

raise up from Le v i as it w e re a High p rie st a n d fro m J u d a h -

,

as it w e r e a Ki n g [God a n d m a n ] He shall sa v e a ll [the ,

Ge n til e s a n d] t h e r a ce o f I sra e l 3 Th e r e fo r e I giv e you . .

th e s e com m an ds that ye a lso m a y comm a n d you r childre n ,

that th e y m a y obser v e th e m throu ghou t th e ir g e n e ratio n s .

H b we reCf G ii 1 9 E x d 6 en . Sh ll I i A= h ll w io n a a r se
“
s a e a r se .

v th t t h t h i d l i i
.
. . . .
, .

Ob se r e B a G d h th t k
e b dy
r d ne s eca u s e o a a en a o an

w ti g i A
an n n d b*
pt i A
°d e t g an w it h m c orruA im l Ch i ti n a bh ea en en s i ar r s an

th l y m t b j ct d i t p l ti pp i T A h v ii 3
. .

”
F o ur m “
as an us e re e e n er o a on a e a rs n s

Ch i ti i t p l ti b th t h ti g d d i ki g
, . . . .

“ ”
as a r s an I
n er o a on n o e se ea n an r n n

t h Migh t y O c ib d t t h M t High O th
.

B t u
“
ef I l m y ne o srae a are a s r e o e os er
i t p l ti m itt d b y b t d i t p l ti w il l b f
.

b e an n er It i o a on d s o d e un ou e n er o a ons e oun

I th t c v l 3 d v i 9 O t h th
.

A a bb wn h ld d r
a i T D
a se e s ou r en e n an n e o er

ch xp i
. . . .
,

Th S h m h ll b gl fi d
en e s h d
a e ori G d dw ll e an a s su e r es s on s a s o
“
e
i g w it h m w l k i g w ith m
,

t h L d G d h l l pp
,
“
F or e or o s a a e ar n en or a n en

p th u o n e ar j tifi d by t h O T th i a re us e e e re s no
bj ct t th ph i th m l v
. .
,

A d n v th sa f m e e son s o en o e ion o ese ra se s n e se es

v ii v
.

Th t x t d c ib p i iti v v i w N h v iii 3 b t t h c t x t m t
us ou r e m i T I
es r es a
7 ; T Dr
1 3 ; T e e
n . ss . . . an . 0 .

of th M e i ic k i gd m ch i b p i t th m
es s a n n o su as s
a . . u e on e se e s o

f d i 1 E ch xxv 3 l xxvii 1
,

g e a a ns e .
o un n no

c f t h k i gd m i t b t h V I I 1 A d J d h ( c) h BA S
. .
.
,

Th e s ene o e n o s o d e e . n u a re a

J d h h ll y ( A
. .

p t th d it d ti i
re s e n e ar an d i s u ra on s an n u a s a e b* c defg

pp tl y t l I t th i k i gd m w b d m d
,
”
a a re n e erna n o s n o e e re ee e .

i gh t d d t t t h g h
.

th e r eo u s ea B aret l if t d p g i t Cf T R b
o e n er r ou e no e u a a ns eu

v i 5 y w ill k t b x l t d v
. . . .

th cti
e r e s urr e on . e se e o e e a e o er
th m
.

6 Th i v it
s h dl y b
e r se , ca n ar e e

c f L k x 1 9 2 0 T ib A d b th
.

d bt d i t h
.

ou e s e so u r e o u e r es . re a s ro e rs .
,
.
,

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1 07 0 6 1 0 Cf T 7 07 1 0 0 6 7 0 1 . n e es a en s s e ur s c
xv iii 1 2 ti f L v i l i mit d t t h p i th d
. . .

L ev on o e e o e r es oo

cti i h t t h
. . . .

7 Th e re s urr e A ll th on G t il s F g e re d f o e e en es or rou n s o

p t th Cf T B j x 7 x ci i t T B j ix 2
. .

resen e ar . . . en . . . e s on se e n o e o n . en . . .
THE TE STA MEN T O F LE V I ,
THE TH I RD SO N O F
J ACO B A ND LE A H

I . THEco p y of the words of Le v i t h e thi n gs which h e ,

ord a i n e d u n to his son s accordin g to all th a t they shou ld ,

do a n d what thin gs sho u ld b e fa ll th e m u n til t h e day of

,

j udg m e n t 2 He was sou n d in h e alth wh e n he ca ll e d

. .

th e m to him ; for it had b e e n rev e al e d to h im that h e

sh ou ld die A n d w h e n th e y w e re ga thered togeth e r he
.

said to th e m :
I I I L e v i was born in Hara n a n d I ca m e with m y
.
, , ,

fath e r to Sh e ch e m 2 A n d I w a s yo u n g abo u t tw e n ty . .
,

y e a rs o f a ge wh en with Sim e o n I wro u ght v e n ge a n ce , , ,

on Ham or for ou r sister Din ah 3 A n d whe n I w a s . .

fe e di n g the fl o cks in A b e l Ma u l t h e s p irit o f u n dersta n di n g -

,

o f t h e Lord ca m e u p o n m e a n d I saw a ll m e n corr u p ti n g ,

th e ir way a n d that u n righteou s n e ss h a d b u ilt for its el f

,

T S
I TLE B d AS d T t o 0i g t T L vi x ii 5 L vi w
-
a e ig h t rea
“
es n o e e as e een

f L vi c c i g t h p i th d w h Di h w v g d S im w
.
. . . .
,

o e on e rn n e r es oo en na as a en e e on as

d ang c bf A arr o) d A tw y an lde, th L v i A cc di g

”
Cd e fg e b* o e a rs o er an e or n

T t f L v i th i d ( A t J b xxv i i 1 3 1 4 t h x ct d i ff
, .

m ) r 6 h* o s on o u er
es o e i e e a

f J c b c c i g t h p i th d d c i g w t w y
. . . .
,

o a o on ern n e d tw r es oo an en e n a e as o e a rs an o

arro g c an e m th d d th f on s 0 rea s
“
an en or

B bA S
. .

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s b) son s dd wh ( BA S)
u a -
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en

b f h i d th Th i i
. .

3 Ab l M l
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e o re s ea AB1 1 61 e -
au z 6 1 00 s s

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. . .

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a s Cf G
ou th m h l h a f th O T Cf e . en . e e e o a o e

x li x 1 f p h J dg v ii 2 2 1 K i v 1 2 t A cc d
. . . .

or r a se . u e c. or

bi m it l y t
.
,

d J
. . . .

II B i H or n ( A ) i g t E n a ra n 0 ab b n o u se us an er o e a en

c c i v d i R m m i l t t h S f S c y th p l i
.

(S )
.

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BA rea on e e n o an es o e o o o s

th ( B th h ) S E y Bib i 7
.

”
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h w v h gAS vi 1 2
. . . . .

H ar a n , d 6 x 16
o e C p t i g th i w y
er , e Cf G rea 0 0 7 or ru n e r a en

d f g i v 6 X pp m it t fv
. .

Ev ph
. .

f nb h o
i j yn o en c A e 0 a a . or ra s e re s o e rs e

d th fi t t
. .

A d I n m ( A ) BA ca S e 0 lv w d a
f bb 4 C Ol e g 2
an e rs we e or s o ve r

A d ft th t I c m
. . .

“
re a d n a T t
er ig h t a t w a e. ha unr eou s n es s o er s

2 A b t tw ty y
. ou S i c cc d ( BA S ) en d i w
ea r s . b il t n e, a or Cd e g l
. 0 re a s
“
s n as u
 LE V I— CH A P T E R S I . I —l I .
7

walls a n d lawless n ess sat u p on towers 4 A n d I was

, . .

gri e v in g for t h e race of the so n s o f m e n a n d I pr a y e d ,

to the Lord that I m ight be sav ed 5 Th e n there fe ll . .

u p o n me a sle e p a n d I b e held a high m ou n tai n a n d I , ,

was u p o n it 6 An d b e hold t h e hea v e n s w e re o p en ed . .

,

a n d a n a n g e l of God s a id to m e L e v i e n t e r , ,
.

A1 B ,
A13, SI

7 . An d I tered en wh e n I had 7 7 An d . e n t e re d . An d I
fro m t h e e n t e red i n to t h e first
first h e a ve n f ro m t h e first h e a v e n
,

p u on w ll d t t h th i d h v a i w h ic h G d d w ll
a an un o e r ea en n o e s

i gh t
r t p tw
e o u sn e s s Cf b t i BA S th i
sa u on f c lt t o e rs u n
8
‘ I
s r e e re n e re a e s o
x ci 5 t h igh t o w il l
. .

th f h i gh h v i t h h igh t
“
1 E n e r e u sn e ss e ou r er ea e n s, n e es
cm t
. .

o e d o d it
an wh l f w h ic h w m t i f
en G d h
an Hi s o e o e us n er , o as s
b il di g w i ll b d t y d cl m i
,
”
u n b d e H
e s ro th e .
f th a o e e re e u s n ess o e
d ct d t x t b c m pp t f
.

U ig h t nr l wl
eou s n e s s a ess n ess . re a e e e o es a a r en or

O ur th m t au h v h d Z ch
or seewh ths th ith (6 2) i ii 9 ( )
o a e a e er e a s e
“
er
”
11 6 n 0

v 8 1 1 i h i m i d Th t w w m f t G d b d i t h th i d h v
. .

’
-
n s n ere o o en re er s o o s a o e n e r ea en

i t h p ph t vi i g f th t b i ld p l i l y m ti d i ii 1 0 i t h t xt
. .

’
n e ro e s s on o or o u a n en on e n n e e

i Sh i w ic k d
.
,

ha o u se f n f BA BS t h
nar or m w d e ly f
n e ss .
o
I
e sa e or c an on re e r

4 Th f t h e f m
r a ce
t th o
f h v e
d fi it l y p t
s on s o en
o e our ea ens e n e u

( f g)d b
.

S d t h c f m e
f w d i ii 1 0
re a
I ii 1 0 i d d ll
e ra e o en
” or ar n n n ee a
0
c i i t i
. . .

5 A d I w
.

it ( A v L i i t t d G d Th d ct
as
p t
on
gl h v wh
?" 1011 sa
.

e
re e n s on s o n o a s n e ea en e re
p n u 0

t h t f it A
.
ev s o s an n ear o e re a or
ld h v c h g d t h t i t
”
.

3“b h
th m
“ “
a or d h re a e ou n “ ”
h
ti a n
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th h i gh t
g re a
f th
“
m l ik s s e
s
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ou a e an e e e re n o

m t i of t h h i ld (g A
o un a n
p h i e
d t giv c
s e
i t c y t
b* fg
e es o e se or so e e

hi ld
ra se n or er o e on s s e n o
Ab l m l h i t xt
“
s i e s O th n e au n e

it ti f th i m t i vi 1
.
s e

iii 1 8 t h d cti h b
.

s ua on o s o un a n s e e
I . .
n -
e re a on as e en

c i d t m t h gh l y t h gh
.

I I 7—I II W h v h m k bl e a e e re a r e ar a e a rr e ou ore or o u ou

i t c f v i ti b t w t h t w v th iii 1 4 ( ) h c p d it
. .
,

ns a n e o ar a on e een e o e en er e -
0 as es a e s

i fl c I iii 1 4 ( ) t h i
.

c i
re e n s on s Th v i ti m v e ar a on , o re o e r, n u en e n -
0 e re s an

t d cti f t h cc t f t h th h v i t h
.

d l ib
. .

i d s t ue o a e e ra e r e a on o e a ou n o e re e ea e ns, n e

t x t ( L ck Mi h l 9 2 9 4 w th i d f w h ich G d d w ll W h w
e as u en , c ae -
as r o o e s en e

th fi t t cgi tl y t t BA 1 S w h t i c ib d i t
.
, ,

e rs d b q
o re o n se , a n su se u en ur n o
3 I
a s as r e n 0 o
R t t h gh t h y h v m i i t
o uss e ou th fi t h v ei id f t h fi t d a e s n er e rs ea en s sa o e rs an
d t il ) i c
,

p t d th
w h ch
re e th
igi l d c i p ti f t h
e f c
e a
d h v s , i B
n
A 6S Wh t i
e o u r se o
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l
a s

c i c c i
.

i an or na es r on o e
b d i t th d i b d
th h v w t f m d i t
ree ea ens
b y BA 3 s t
as
t h th i d (
ra n s or
d f t e n o a
as r e n 0
1
o e se on s as r e

d c i p ti v H pp il y t h i
h o e r an our

B t i iii 5 8 l l t h t x t
f th
l ik h v
es r on o e se en a s
d cti t f ll y c id ti
.

u n -
a e e s a e a e

ff i i lly th
.

th c
re wa

d v
on

c f
as no
d I
u
g
ar r e
v ou n
su e re n 0 , or na ese e rs es
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t d th v i c
.
,
e a se o 0, an e en n e a se o
m l f l
BS it i d t ct t h h
g en u e ra e e a r ou s a s se s o an e s

i t h th i d h v w b th
I
B A y t d f
s eas o e e
wh
e an o

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th
d BA BS d i t i b t t h c
e re a or s s ea s es n a I
I ii 7 ( ) L v i m ch w t
l
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0 an s r u e e se a sse s
n .

fi t h v b t BABS t p th i h v
0 i th e
m g th
sees
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a er n e
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iii
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rs ea en, u ra n s ose s
I 4 8 th d wil l
i t t h gi b tw t h fi t d b v th t t h d f d c i pti i ea en s n e rea er
-
. .

n o e re on e e en e rs an

th c d h v
e se on d th c t v ea
d ens
Th i wk wan
d i d us
t re a e s
o

re
se r

e rse
e a e or er o es r on s

N xt t h t h f ct t h t t h d ct c l d t
s a ar n e ss s ue o
t wo h v
.

t eaf ens ou o one e e e

c d h v f ( ii 8 ) i t f m d p c d ith t h igi l d f a a e re a ou
.
or no
se on ea en o 0 s ra n s o r e
.
ro ee w e or na or er o
i t t h th i d h v f 13 A3 s ( ii
n o e r d c i p ti
ea en o l by c mpl t 1
es r on un e ss a o e e re
A g i i ii 9 1 0 ( ) w h v f c w iti g f t h t x t
.

a n n .
-
0 e a e a re e r e n e r n o e e .
 2 8 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
and saw th e re a
I h e a ve n 8 Ta n d he . . i n to se con d a n d I
t he ,

great sea ha n gin g . escort e d ra ised m e ] sa w th e re a se a ha n g

to the s e con d 7 A n d . . in g b e tw e e n t h e on e
I sa w th e r e a gr e at and t h e other .

sea h a n gin g .

8 . A n d fu rth e r I saw 8 .further I An d

a s e co n d h e av e n fa r saw a third h e a v en
bright e r a n d m ore fa r brighter a n d m ore
brillian t for there ,
brillian t than thes e
was a bou n dle ss two ; for th e re was
Th e igh t a lso th e rei n . a lso a b o u n dless
+ height ther e i n .

Th e xt q ti th t i ne u es on a a r se s c on i gi l f m f t h t x t i
7 Th e or na or o e e s

c d t f th
.

ern s th d l e g g f th a e an an ua e o e p vd i r e se r l e F n 0 a one or a ur er

d ct t h i th cc t f t h i h v
.

re a T or b o s er e can e no a ou n o1 2 s ea en , se e in

c cl i v w It i h w v
. . .
,

on us e a ns t er s, o e e r. n o A i c ‘
JL
p t d d d x ctl y
s o rru an re n e re e a as
i mp b bl th t t h b v d cti
.

ro

m d i th H b w
a e

Th d ct i
a e a o e re a on
it t d A cc d i g t BABs t h
s an s or n o
1
e
fi t h v i m p t y Th i g
.

w as a e n e e re e o r ne

v h v w c t i
.

rs ea en s e s a re es

w it h t h d c i p ti f th fi t
.

o f th e se en ea en s as u rre n n
f th
J dimbf
u a s d ft t h Ch i ti
e o re a n a er e r s an
v h v i t h T l m d w h ich
e es r on o e rs o e

e ra Th it i gi v i v y l b t
us s en n a er e a o ra e
se en

c i t d m ly f c t i
ea en s n e a u

f m i 2 E c h I t i t gh t i t h
.

on s s e e re o a ur a n
or n no

c 6
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8 1 8 7 I Ch i ti p c l yp wh ich (B
.

er .

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-
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f d d i th i p ct J w i h
.

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th w t
.

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a re oun e n s res e on e s

d ct i fi d tt c ch
,
t o are e a e rs a o e e r a en
th
i 7; P
.
e o r ne n s u e ran e, su as

th A c i f I i h t h A p c lyp Cf G en l 4 ; R S Cx v l l l e v.

i v 6 xv 2 A cc d i g t J b ii 4
. . . . .

e s ens on o sa a e o a ses

Jh I c Jcb
,

f M
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th w p t d f m th w t
. . . . .
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.

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.

h dl y b p v d
m a s u l n e a or d n g t o 1 E n l iv 8 ,
t t f ii
. .

ar e ro e u ou a

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t i i cc i i
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1
.

( B) iii 6 6 1 ( ) v g i t
se on ea en e n or e e re s s
11 0 7 0: 00 0 0 0 o er a a ns
b i gh t th t w h ich w t b
p ¢ pd i B iii 9 p61 1 ( ) v
.
,

1r o0 o 0 n 7 1 0 1 60 0 o er r ; f n e ss or a as o e

g i t
,
f d i it iii 3 Th i c d
.

a a ns 1 6 1 6 i00 B h dl y
6 016 0 n can ar ou n n see . . s se on

b xpl i d th wi O t h th
e e a ne o er se n e o er h v ea pp i BA3 S t h th i d
en a e ar s n
I
as e r

m l tit d i m bl c A cc d i g
. .

’
h and th e u u n o us re s e an es A rh ig h t l th i e a so er e n or n

c h 9 4 ( cf Ch g 1 3 B bb
.

p i t t t h f ct th t t h t l t f
o n o e a a e ra n s a o r o t P o e sa b a 3
e r ra a

6) t h d i t c f m
.

f th t l ti
. . .
,

Bm d a e u se o f e ra n s a on o 0 . 4 ,
h v
e s an e ro one ea en
 3o T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
An d shalt be His An d sh a l t be His An d shalt be His
m in ister , m i n ist e r ,
m i n ister ,

A n d shalt d e clar e A n d His co m i n g A n d His m ysteries

His m yst e ries to m ysteries tho u shalt th o u de
m en , s h a l t d e cl a r e clare to m en ,

A n d s h a l t pro cl a im m en . A n d shalt p ro
Tco n c e rn in g Him clai m con cern in g
that shall re t h e r e d e m p tio n
d e e m T I sra e l . o f I sra e l .

1 1 A n d by t h ee
. J u dah a pp ear a m o n g
men ,

a v i n g e v ery rac e of m e n 1
IS

12 A n d f ro m t h e Lord s p ortio n sha l l be thy life

’
.
,

A n d He sh a ll be thy fi e ld a n d v i n eya rd ,

A n d fr u its gold a n d sil v er , , .

0 Ad B ,
A13, SI
II I . He a r ,
t h e re fore , Hear th e r e
III .
, Hear there
III .
,

regardi n g the h e a ve n s fore r e gardin g the

, fore re ga rdi n g the
,

which ha ve b e e n h e a ve n s which w e re s e ven hea ve n s Th e .

shown to th e e Th e . show n to the e Th e . low e st is for this cause

lowest is for this ca u se first h e av e n is for this gloo m i e r si n ce it be ,

Con cern in g t h e r ed emp tion of I sr a el . Se e viii 1 6 ( no e )

. I n Deu t 9 t xxx ii
i
. . .

So A B 0 B a re mo d e d in a Ch r s a n S ifi i ti Sir x v n 1 7 I sra e l is s a d t o b e t h e
. .

xiv
.

s en se a n d r ea d 7 06 11 61 1 007 0: 1 6 7 1060 60 1
1 11 6p1 s 11 6 p106 Cf a l so Pss So l
. . 3 . . . .

’ I I I 1 Gl oomy beca u s e i t beh old s

30 I A 0m .
GIL . .
7

11
.

By t h ee a n d J u d a h , e t c
et c . i i
Th s d e a h a s b e e n re ro d u e d
,

p c
t
.

n o e o n T Re u b 5 12
Se e
vi
.
in t h e G r e e k A o Ba ru h pc (ed c viii
pp i
.

J
. .
-

a m e s, Tex t s a n d St u d ies a n d a
cc i
. . .

)
.

l ed t o
A pp ea r a mon g men A or d n g t o
t h e su n 7 60 0 0 76 3 6
c c t
.

.
1 17 7 6 1 01
t h e o l d er Vi e w o f se on d e n ur y
0 67 30
J i pp
u d a s m, G o d w a s t o a t
e ar o n e a r h
711 106 )
( 7 30 0 7 6050 000 7 06
31 3 7 3 11 611 01 60 60 1 0 67 30 11 0 2
it
an d d w e l l w h m e n T Sim vi 5 ( se e
61 1 7 200 9 0 67 06
.

t v cf
. .

xxv
.

7 71$ 7 71$
n o e ) ; T Lev 2 ( 1 En 3,
6 6 101013 0 7 03 610011 103
. . . . . .

7 3:
l x x vn .

Th i l i
7 12
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’

11 01 60 6 7 0 1 A o . pc .

S i g av ny f m ever ra ce o en . s ne
E s dra e 3 06100 0 39 7 1 7111 0 107 6 0 67 6 1 371
is m itt d b y A b t
o it i f d
e u as s oun 677 3 7 30 o 6p0 0 b0 60 7 10 7 3 11 0 11 60 pc
A o
i T Sim v i 5 ( BS ) w m y
,

i t qi
. .

n g d 0 e a re ar
Pa u l 4 Mu l u m e t e n im so l u d e m,
it g i A ft v i g MSS
. . .

as en u ne
i er
“
sa n
”
l u m n a re m a gn u m , int erp e l l a vit d o mi
6 w h ich m igh t b
.

a dd 6 6 3 6 0

xpl i d i T S m v i 5 (
0 6 7 11

t
or 0 67 1 , e n u m, dic e n s Do m n e d e u s o m n ip ot e n s,i
e
p
a ne as n . i . . s ee n o e
p
e g o p ro s ic io s u er im ie t a t e s e t in
p p
on .
j tici us a s h o m in u m Se e a m e s , Tex t s J
V i
.

’
12 . Fr om th e L or d s p ort ion , et c. a n d St u d ies
, 67 . .
 LE V I— CH A P T E R S II . I I —I I I .
3

gloo m y u n to th e e in ,
ca u se gloom y u n to holds [a ll 1 t h e un

that it b e holds all t h e the e si n ce it b e holds

, right e o u s d e e ds of
un righteou s de e ds of t h e u n righteo u s d e eds m en .

m en . of m e n .

2 . An d it has fi re , 2 An d . the s e con d 2 . seco n d h a s

Th e
s n ow a n d ice m ad e
,
h a th fi r e a n d s n ow fi r e s n ow ice ready
, ,

r e ady for the day o f a n d ice m a d e r e a dy fo r t h e day o f t h e

j u dgm e n t in t h e for t h e da y ,
of the ordin a n ce o f t h e Lord
right e ou s j u dg m e n t of ordin an ces . in t h e right e ou s j u dg
God ; for in it a re m e n t o f God I n it .

a l l t h e s p irits of the a r e a l l t h e s p irits of

r e tribu tion s for v enge the r e trib u tio n s for

an ce on lm e n ’ '
. v e n gean ce on t h e law
l e ss .

3 . A n d in t h e s e co n d 3 I n t h e t hird are
.

a re t he hosts of the the hosts o f t h e

2fi t h v cc d i g t
Th e rs ea en a or n o 0 xxx i x 2 8 30 S i ch m t t h ra en u e r a es e

c t i t h i t m t f p i hm t t l ph m w h ic h c td
. .

on a n s e n s ru en s o un s en n a ur a e no en a a re re a e

for w ick d m e en for p i h i g t h g d l y d it i

un s n e un o an s

p b bl th t it i l y t ch t l
.
,

Fi w d i m d
r e, sn o dy t an ce a e r ea e c ro a e a s on o su n a u ra

Th t i f th i
.
,

e d
re a su r e s w o e ce an sn o as p h m th t t x t f
en o Ifen a a o ur e re e r s s o,

t ( ii 7) i t d f p i it w h ld d
.

”
w ll e th g as el re a se a a re a so n s ea o
“
s r s e s ou r en er

i th fi t h v cc d i g t 2 E
.

n e rs ea en a or n o n wi d Wh t w
n th H b w
s a as e e re

iii 3 v 1 H c th i l tt w k w
.

3 c t b d t mi d
.

en e s a er or as b hi d 6 7 7 3
e n 77 0 10 1 0 an n o e e er ne

pp tl y c q i t d w ith t h v 8 it i
. .
,

w it h y c t i ty
.

a are n a ua n e e 0 re I Si
an er a n n r s

t w ith t h B w h ich Th i
.

d i g
. .

d f m y = w th
“
i
c e n s on an no e a re n er n o n ra s

t p
.
,

ra n s th fi w
ose s d i e
“
re , sn o an ce w ld
ou it c t x t F q i v l t
su o ur on e or e u a en

i t th c d h v xp i cf J l i 1 d t y i g
.

“
n o e s e on ea en . e r e ss on s er e s ro n

( w ) w i d E k x iii 1 3 t my
. . .

It h dl y b m
c an c i ci d c
ar e a ere o n en e n n n
‘
n ze
“
s or

th h d
.

(m y ) wi d
.
,

th t w fi d i Si xxx i x 2 9 6p 2
a e n n r 77 11 0 a o O th n n e o er an

gg t th t
.
. .

2 1 13 61 th el gy f 3 su es s a
1011 5 1 00 7 03, an a o o ver
1 0 0 11 0 1 1 3
th t k 61 p i it l
.

70 6 6 31 1
70 6 Th t 1 11 7 0 1 0 11 7 1 0 7 0 1 . a o ur au or oo 77 06 1 07 0 as s r ua

th w d w b fe se or th
s e re e o re o ur au or b i g
e n s .

m y w ith ti ll m
a l ik l ih d b i s or e e oo e n A n d in it ( d A B) 0 re a ds
“
f or in
f d wh w p xt it it
.

t th a ss on o e ne l “
e rr e en e
ge in
t t m t t h p i it f t h t ib
, , .

“
s a e

ti f v g c
en

th
,

l wl
e s r s o e re r u
” L a w l es s So BA B 0 S
c
.

i
on s

6 61 3
or

6 7 73
en e an e on e a e ss ,
’ re a d s 13
10 6 71677 1
1 00 i e 0 0 77 100 8 orr u . p
ti
. .

17 0 10 6 1s ,
. e . 7 . 77 06 1 07 0 7 1 0 1 0
“
of 6 1 0 611 100, t h e l a w l e ss Cf
I S 3 on . .

6 31 1
11 13 11 7 0 1 0 (B A ) 7 d 0 an
Sir X I 1 0 677 1 7 069 610 611 06 5 611 7 10 671
,

c m p it w ith Si xxx i x 2 8 30
o a re r . .
,
.

7 0 67 0
.

6 6 1 s 611 3111 71 0 10 611 7 1 0 7 0 1

’
60 7 1 0 77 0 6 611 0 7 0

3011 130 10 611 31 11 060 0

11 0 1 1 31 6 61700
.

3 Th e se c on d h ea v en c t i th on a n s e

ic i d t y B li
.

1 0 6 e is, a n d x 1 9 , 1 0 677 0 7 107 0 2 1 111 3:

13
a n ge l ar m es who a re to e s ro e ar
B .

an d his a ngels
11 0 1 0 607 10111 11 0 11 0 1 611 1 7 069 .

110611 06 s 61 7 10 671 7 0 67 0 In Hos t s of th e a r mies, e t c. S ch u an

 32
arm ies which a re o r
d a in e d for t h e day of
judgm e n t to work ,
T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R C H S
arm ies which are o r
dai n e d fo r the da y o f
j u dg m e n t to work ,

ve n ge a n ce o n the v e n ge a n c e o n t h e
S p irits of d e ceit a n d S p irits o f d e ce it a n d
o f Be lia r A n d abo v e o f Be lie r iA n d thos e
' ‘

. .

the m are t h e holy in t h e fo u rth 1 who -‘

o n es a re abo ve th e se are

a rm e d h os t is f ou n d in t h e f tho ur is t o b e o u n d in 1 E n f ci v 2, ciii
—t t ti m
. .

v cc i
.

h e a e n a or d n g t o bu t 2 E n XV 11 4 , 6, x l i 2 , l i 4 h a is s o me e

t
. . . .

t i ffic i t
,

he r o e is d ff e r e n . b e w e e n 1 00 50 B C -
. .

A n d a bove t h em a re t he h ol y on es
’

( 11 0 2 677 0 67 065 6 10 1 0 01 So a +A n d t h ose in t he f ou r t h l w h o a r e

'‘
.

I Th e l a n g u a g e
( f o r BS se e b e l o w ) a bove t h es e a r e h oly [01 36 7 30

t pit t
.

w ou l d m os n a u r a ll y o n t o th e 7 67 0 7 00
p ( b y o m ) 677 01010 7 067 100 .

a n gel s Th e y m a y a l s o m e an t h e ( d g o m 677 617 101 So

p it p t i t
. . .

s ir s o f t h e d e a r e d r gh e o u s , a n d
B s l
S o A l3 i t c pt
h o u gh s l g h l y o rru t
ti c i t c p i ft
.

in h s a se w e m gh o m a re J ub .
a n d a dd n g 7 06 66 06 a e r 3 17 1 0 If
xx iii ft j i if t h e e — I m e an t h e re d a e d e
t xt ct t x t
.

3 1 , w h e re , a e r e n o y n g l e in of
i ic i t
.

t h e Mes s a n k n gd o m on e ar h , a n d — i t tt t
B is r gh l y a e s e d h e re , h e n h s t ti
i it t t
d y n g, s a es c it i
l a u se d e a l s w h t h e d e n z en s o f t h e

A d th i b w ill t t h th f th h v
ou r B t if ea th w
en u so , en e

d c i p ti f th m ;
.

h v
n e r one s res on e e ar

A d th i p i t will h v m ch j y
,
a e d bl a ou e es r on o e
n e r s ri s a e u o .

f or th y d c i b d i e a re 8 l es r e n ve r a so,

B t i J b il th i d i c 4 p k v th
.

u n u ees ere s n o r e su r r e c an s n f th
e ve r s ea s o e se en
ti f t h b dy w h th i i t gh t i x th
.

on o e o e re a s s s au h v ea en, 5 f th ve r 7 f o e s v er o
t h gh t t h T t m t W h t h fifth th i gh t l y d l
.
, , .

ro u ou e es a en s e er th e 8 en ve r r ea s

th f t h f m b l i v d i w it h t h f th H c if th i
.
, .

th e au or o e or er e e e n an e o ur en e, e re s
i t m d i t b d i wh t t d it i i t h c l i g w d f
.

n er e a e a o e s no e re s a e an y e rror s n e os n or s o

ch m t h v b t h b l i f f Ag i if t h w d ig h t l y
,

b t u su us a e e en e e e o v e r. 3 a n, e se or s a re r

th f t h T t m t i c t h xpl i
.

th e au or o e es a e n s, s n e e h and d d e h w w o wn
t o a re e o e a n

d ép t d f ith f l w i i th th w h ich 4 b gi
,
“ ”
th f
'

ar e t a u e re o r se n e e or Wi ver e ns

j y t h M i ic k i gd m O th d I h v b li d t h
. .

b dy t
o o en o e e ss a n n o n
g e se ro u n s a e o e ze e

on th d t h i t m d i t b d
e ar an e n er e a e a o e cl a use i q ti nTh c pti u es on e o rr u on
c ld h dl y h v b h v — v
,

pp t l i t h
.

ou ar a e ee n ea en e en a e a rs do 1 36
ie n e w or s 0

th e c dh v
se o n H th h ly
ea en e n ce e o 7 3 0 w h ic h
c dh v h I t k t b c pt f y
.

on e s i h n t e se on ea en e re are a e o e 1orr u or s
-
n 111 11 7 2 11 0

m t p b bl y t
os ro b g d d
a o e re ar e as o i 6 7
p Th
00 0 th 6 s. xt w ld us e te ou

T h h i gh cl f h v b v
” “
g l
“
ang l e s f e er a s se s o an e s r un : A d th n e o ur ea en s a o e
th i d h v th m i B th
.

”
a re i th n e A l
r ea en s a ru e e h ly a reTh o i us n e re s

t th i d t P l ti i J dim f c t h ly
. .

a s i a e n a es n an u a s no re e re n e i th o o on es n e

th ei gh t
r d p t d w e ous t e ar e e re no re f th h v T h t x t m l y
o ur ea en e e ere co n

d w l li g i h v t t h ch ct f t h l w th
.

g d d
ar e as b te n n ea en , u t ra s s e a ra er o e o er re e

in th i t m di t b d f l
e n er e a e a o e o so u s , h v ea d
e ns f h f h igh t
an o t e our es

S h l cf 1 E xx ii 4 9 l i 1 ; c 5 H v i g th d cl d th t h l i
.

eo : n -
a n us i e a re a o n ess s

( cf 4 E iv vi 2 3 ch ct i tic f t h f h igh t
. . .
. .
,

2 M
z ra a ce th e ar a er s o e o ur es

Ag i fi t ti m th t h v i h p c d t t th m
. . .

h v
. .

a n th e rs e a ea en s ea ens me ro ee s o enu e ra e e

c t g ic ll y d c i b d t h b d
a e or a es r e as e a o e b gie i g w ith t h m t h l y i t h
nn n e os o e e

d ft th fi l j dgm t v th
. .
,

o f t h bl e e sse a er e na u en se en .
 34 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
for all t h e sin s of p rop itiatio n to the
ign ora n ce of t h e right Lord fo r all the si n s
e ou S
°

of ig n oran ce of the
right e o u s .

6 . O ffe ri n g
to the p raisi n g 6 A n d th e y o ffe r to
.

Lord a sw e e t s m e llin g -
the Lord a sweet
sav our a r e aso n able
, s m e lli g sav o u r a n ,

a n d a bloodl e ss o ffe r re ason able a n d blood

le ss o fferi n g .

7 A n d [in
. the h ea H1 8 8 7 A n d in [t h e hea v e n
.

ven b e low this ] a re b e low ] a r e t h e a n ge ls

t h e a n g e ls who b e ar who b e ar t h e an
Ta n sw e rs to t h e a n ge ls sw e rs to t h e a n g e ls of

of the pre sen ce of the t h e p r e s e n c e of the

Lord .
Lord .

ma n , a n d p y ra er s are a d d re sse d to Sin s o f ig n or a n ce i e. 07 0010 1 3 Cf T

t ich l i p ci ix 3 i
,

x ix i
. . . .

h em 1 E n : M ae n es e al Re u b 6 T Jud 3 T Ze b 5
l l xxx i x 76
.

p
. . . . . . . . . .

y f I d h is
d th
ra s or sr a e an e
6 Ofl er in g 13 SI
d b t dl y ch g l w h
.
,
BA “
an ey
f
.

un ou f th e on e o e ar an e s o
,

fer
o ff e rs c ific b h lf
sa r f m e on e a o an, as
o .

m di t b tw
Sw eet s mel lin g sa vou r , 30 11 710
G d d m S
T D
e a or

vi 2 I t h fi t c t y
an
e e en

n
o

e
an

rs
an

e n ur
.

B C
ee
Cf Le v . 9 et c . i . .

th b li f i t h i t c i f gl x ii 1
. . . . .

e e e n e n e r e ss on o an e s R ea s on a ble Cf Ro m
i
.

pp tl y g l m g t t h
. .

1 07 1 11 710 1 0 7 p6 10 0
’

w as a a re n en era a on s e In O r gen , e ra D O t
xi t i pi t vic i
.

Ph i p ci ll y w t h
.

S h
a r se e s uc es e a as e . h s r ea s on a bl e r e s l y se r e s

d ty f Mic h l m cif l tt i t p
.

'
th
“
u a r bu e d t o Ra h a e l : P0 1150 711 11 60
u o ae as e er

Hi m d i
,

9 617007 0: 77 6p l T10B717
”
7 700 5
‘
d l 1 9 1 07 111 710
‘

an g fi i g on su er n x s e a 1
t i l f cti p pp d i
. .

or a un on s a re re su os e n 16 1006 107 10 0 7 113 66 16 .

l xv iii 3 4 w h hi c mp i f e re s o a ss on or Bl ood less afi er ing u h a c on c e Sc p

f ll t m t lm t
.
, ,

ti v c ti t t
.

th e ag l i en an e s n or en a os on ma y h a e o n r bu e d in l a er
l d h im t
ea s i t c d w ith G d o n er e e o on ti v i
m es t o t h e a e r s o n o f t h e E s sen e s t o
th i b h l f I t c i m v
e r e a n e r e ss on , or e o er , a ll bl o o d y sa r es c ific
Cf Ph l o 1 1 4 57 i
t h d t y l ik w i f G b i l l 6
.

J p xv iii
. . .

w as e u e se o a r e x os e h A n t 1 5
g l ci v l
.
, . . . . .

o f ll t h
a

f th d p t d
e d f th
i gh t
an e s .
, an o e
7 Th e d e n z e n s o f t h e
. ih h ea en fift v
an g l e sd
xl vii 2 xxx i x 5 Th p y f m
an o e e

e
ar e
ra
r

e rs o
e ou s

en
a re
“
i
s a d t o b e t h e a n el s w h o b e a r
g
a n s w ers
( 077 011 006 1 3) t o t h e a n g e l s
p t d b f G d by t h v
. . .
,

w e re re sen e

ch g l T b x ii 1 2 1 5 ; cf R
e ore o e se en of t h e r e sen e p c
Th e w or d d fl O Kp10 6 1 9
.
' '

ar an

viii 3 O t h w i d c
e s

c y f th i
o . .
,
. ev .
c t
a n n o be r
gh If i t
w e r e r gh , t h e it i t
t xt c f c
.

n e e urr e n o s ou l d
e on l y r e e r t o a l a ss o f
b l i f i Ch i ti w iti g
. .

e e n L k r s an r n s , s ee ue en, a n g e l s w h o m e d a e d b e w e en G o d a n
d it t
M i h l 6 7 qq
c ae , s .
t h e a n ge l s o f t h e re s en e a n d b ro u h
g p c t
S i c mi i t i g (1 1 7 6 ) i
n e n s er n 6 17 06 7 0 07 8 s His a n sw e rs t o t h e l a e r n e h ese tt S i c t
c pl d w ith 651 61 it i i t
.

h er e ou e 1 001 1 6 001 , s a n ge l s a r e n o t d e n o m n a e d a n e l s o f
g
u se d i c ifici l
n a i N h
sa r a se n s e as
'

n e the p
re se n e w e m u s c
re ga rd hem as t t
x 39 ; Si ii 30 Cf H b i 1 4
.

. r . v . . . e . . i
b e l o n g n g t o a l o w e r o rd e r, w h o s e d u
y
t
77 0 6 611 0 7 0 1 6 1 7 06 177 1 11 11 . c
w a s t o a r ry u t h e r a e r s o f m e n t o
p y p
 LE V I — CH A P T E R III 6 9 .
-

8 . An d f in t he hea 8 . the hea

An d in
ve n x t to t h is j
ne
‘
v e n n e x t to this a r e

a re thron es a n d do thr o n e s a n d do m in ion s

m i n io s in n which ,
in which always p raises
always th e y offer are o ffe r e d to God .

p raise to God .

9 48 81
0 1 1

9 . h en th e refore
W , ,
9 . W he n
th e re fore , ,

the Lord look e th u p o n the Lord looketh u p on

us all of u s are
,
all creatio n the hea ,

shake n ; yea t h e ,
v e n s a n d the earth

t he a n ge l s o f tt 9 Th l it t he
y l ti p
f th i v
r esen c e Th e l a er e erar re a on s o s e rs e
ld t h ff p y t g th
. .

w ou th en i t ti g W h il it h w d
o er e ra e rs o e er a re n er e s n e as or s or
w ith i c c mm w it h J dg v 4 ;
.

t G d Cf R
n e n se v 8 ph o o . . ev . . ra se s in o on u
l xi v 1 ; 1 E
. .

7 01
0 1 xp d 7 1 6 6 1 11
09 1 I 60 s i 5 ( é y pn y pm
6 1 0 00 9 6 1 1 0 1 1 7 100 0 s u 01 '
o
v iii 3 4
. . . .

1 t 1
6 0 10 a 11 2 23 37 1 77 700 6 6 J dith xv i 1 5 ;
0 7 1 0 1 100 u

( t Mich l ) 51 6 x 4 it i ll y d p d t
.
.

A M . e . ae 60 ss . os s re a e en en
igi l f Si xvi 1 8 1 9
.
.
,

2 6366 1
11 0 6 3 6 1 01 116 7 th0 7 11 6 11 1 07 0 770 . on e or na o r. .
,
3160 6 1 77 000 6 6
1 v : 7 100 317 1100 77 1107 100
306 3 o 6p 0 0 35 11 0 2 3 0 617 0 0 39 7 06
9
1
677 1 7 3 66 0 1 0 0 7 71171 00 601677 100 7 06
6p60ov A or d n g l y s o m e orru cc i
p ti on c o 6p 0 0 o 6,

t i i
.

0B6 0 0 o s 11 0 2 0 0 1 6 6 6 710 0 0
mu s u n d e rl e o17r oxp10 6 1 s
’

Th s w or d
c pt ic
.

= n73 710n, w h h m a y b e 7 0 1 60 67 1 0 11 07 11 0 67 0 6 '

o r ru f or
19 3111 0 7 31 31771 11 0 1 7 6 6611 61 1 0 7 11$ 7 6:
7115 511 : 7rpo0 6 6x a s
‘ . .

i vi i v f
.

I f t h e se e n o ld d
60 677 1 B1 6 100 1 0 67 6 7 611 1 7
p
of the 1 .
s on

v
h e a e n s in t h e e ii t t xt
w e re or g n a l , h e s e
0 6 0 0 6 1 007 0 1

a n ge l s i it
w ou l d n a u r a l l y nh a b t
Si c
the t x t d 8 3 6 51 61 n e ou r e re a s 7 0 0 01 0 7 1 1 61
s i x t if t
h, it t
h e y m e d a e d be we e n G o d 11 i 0 ( + 11 2 11 1 01 09 o 77 07 6 8 7 16 s
‘

g p c
an d t h e a n e l s o f t h e r e s en e 8 A ( 1 61 0 BA BS ) 8
‘ 0. 00 6v 16 0
I

S c c t x t 1 6 up o ( [3A3 S 1 1p i) 2
.

, ,
u h a l ass o f a n ge l s a s o u r e I
p t ti
r e r e se n s ar e m e n on e d in t h e Gr e e k
1 1 08 1 5
11 0 o 00 s 0. 0 01 0 0o K0

pc p
A o a l y s e o f Ba ru h c x i xii — , w h e re K0 0
1 110
0 01
‘
00 6 1 007 0 1

ic p t c i vi ( A tw G k i
. .

our o re e r e cen s on s
M h a el is re r e s e n e d a s re e n g t h e m t t b d p d t th
p ic
ra y er s o f m en w h h a re b rou h t g G
by
k v i f S i ch b t i
se e no o e e en en on e

a nge ls fro m t
t h e ea r h p c d p d t d i g f th i w
Cf A o
ree ers on o ra , u a re n

i v ii i
. . .
e en en re n er n s o e r o
—x n
Pa u l
i
a l so O r gen , De P r in c

p c
.

8 1 Mich a e l o m o rt al iu m r e e s s u p
.
H b w i gi l Th i w c c l d .
e re or na s e on u e
f m t h d i ff t f m i w h ic h Si
.

c x iv
.

ro e e re n or s n r.
p l ic a t ion e s q ue urare
N
Hom 2 in
i 19 pp i th tw c i . .
xv h a e a rs n e o re e n s on s

k v i d i th G k f
.

Lib um
f G
. .

o our re e er s o n a n n e re e o

8 Th f th h v W ith th e o ur Si Th Hb w i h ea enp vd ese r e e re s ere r es e r e

th d d mi i cf C l Fi t w
. . .

r on e s an 0 1 m
o n on s, m k o 10 1 '1
0 21 u ng rs e re ar

i 1 6 ; E ph i 2 1 ; 2 E xx 1 Th th t i
.

k v
. .

G d n 6 e a o ur re e e r s on ren ers 7 00

i gi g i th i h v i c ib d i
. . . . . .

s n n n 6 18 1 61
s wh
ea G f Si h
en 6 s as r e n 7 1 1 61 e re o r as 0

imp t t
.

Ch g a th A p c Z ph ( Cl m 9 é fi1 é gl
e B t f om e e 7 1 7r1 / 0 1. u ar or e or a n

ch i t h d i v g c i d i g
. . .
.

Al x St m v 1 1
e rod 2 E p an no s e er en e n re n er n na
-
v
xviii 9 t t h g l i t h fifth ( mm i t xt ) Th h pé1
. . .
,

. o e an e s n e n ou r e . us 0 as 7 10
,

h v ea b t
en 2 E t 1 3 1 61 0
u in d G k f Si n x vn o 11 6 0 , 00 60 16 0, an ree o r

g l i th f th
. . .

an e s n e 1
o ur . 0 000 6 007 0 1 .
 36 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
hea v e n s a n d the earth
, , and the abysses a re

and the abyss e s are shake n .

shake n at t h e p rese n ce
of His m aj e sty .

1 0 Bu t . the so n s of m e n ha v i n g n o p erce p tio n of thes e ,

thin gs sin a n d pro v ok e t h e Most High

,
.

I V Now th e refor e k n ow that the Lord shall e x ecu te

.
, ,

j u dgm e n t u p o n t h e so n s o f m e n .

Be cau s e wh e n the rocks are bei n g re n t ,

An d the s u n q ue n ched ,

A n d the wat e rs dri e d u p ,

A n d t h e fire cow e ri n g ,

A n d all creatio n tro u bled ,

A n d the i n v isible s p irits m elti n g away ,

A n d Had e s taketh s p oils thro u gh the v isitatio n s o f the

Mo st High ,

Me n will be u n b e li e v i n g a n d p e rsist in th e ir i n i qu ity .

H i g av n p p ti i no Cf g w ll i
er ce on wit h w h t p s n a re e s e n se nse a re

c d th gh it i b m ll y l g
. .

1 E l xv ii 1 3
n e e s, ou s a n or a on

it t h t c mp v
. . . .

W
Cf M tt
h th h g I 1 4 e ou o ar e s
I V Th k t
h l h th d i
.

S
.

e r oc s a re r en a

xx ii 51 A d t h ck w t
. . .
“
.

“ l g d h d ” eo a e n ar e er e s re an
v . n
p d h m th with t m
e ro s e re re n .

o en e er ou ou e a su r e

Cf H b ii 5 ; P v xxvii 2 0 xxx
.

Th q e h dsun u en c e a ro

th h d it m t b
. . . . . .
” ,
h iA d d k re a d “
15 16
ar O th en e n e o er an us e
W ith t h l tt c mp M tt xx i v c f d t h t it w l d b v y t l , .

e a er o a re a o n e sse a ou e
. .
er n a ura
2 9 ; M k xi x 24 ar t .
d .
A d H d d p il d o r en er,
“
n a es es o e
W t d i d
a ers p Cf P S l t h gh t h ff i g f t h M t
r e u ss o ro u e su er n o e os
High p p t th i i w b y m
. .

xvii 2 1 17 2
. .

’ ”
X 6n A
77 7 0 d 0 006 0 6 0 0 0, ss . an su or s v e co

q d by m p i g M tt xxvii 52 53 A d t h
,

x 6 Et m
.

M os . a re u s ue a a s su ar n a
“
n e

t f t m d fici t t mb w p d d m y b di
. .
.
,

d d t
e ce e q e o n es a u a ru e en o s ere o en e an an o es

e t fl mi u t
na 4 E v i 2 4 f t h i t th t h d f ll
e x a ra sc e n l p zra . o e sa n s a a a en as e e
i d t th t c t h
,

V f ti m t b t
e na e on u w s a un I . e re ra se e c
”
n a a se e
li ld f c i t p l ti
, .

A d H d t k t h p il t h h t h w b s o s r ou e ne ou o o ur se e an n er o a on .
n a g es a e

vis i ta t ion s o f Mos t High ( K0 2 th e 7

7 01 Men w ill be u n believin g
( 61 77 107 01707 6 9 ,

1500
15 3 77 0106 1
0 11 01 6 0006000 677 2 7 11 7 00 s d-
A Bs 0 d r e a d am ao sm s,
“
dis
,
v it c it ti
.

I h a e w h mu h h e s a on i t
o b e d en a nd it
p ers is t W h the
c i ti i i v t t cf xv i
.

r e o gn s e d h s l n e a s g e n u n e I ha e h o u gh Re v 9, 1 1, 2 1 ,
t i p ti
.

p it
. . .

a k en 0 Kv1 6 v0u évo v a s a m dd l e ar wh e re d e s p

e the l a g ue s an d t h e
t t i tq it i t t
,

c ip l e h o u gh b o h t h e A r m e n an a n d e ar h uake s is sa d h a m en re
S v ic v i
la on it p i v
e r s on s r e n d e r as a a ss e p
p e n t e d n ot b u t b l a s h e m e d t h e G o d
p iv xv ii
.

77 6
1 60: ge nera l l y h a s a a ss e se n s e, v
o f h ea e n vMor e o e r , in 1 E n l
t pt v it i t t ii pi
. . .

h o u gh t h e se n se a d o e d a b o e is 1 2, 1 3 is s a d h a t h e b o l n g s r n gs
f i
d e e n s bl e i I t s r en d er n g in the i f p c t
s su e r o m t h e t
l a e o f orm en o f t h e
f i
.

A r m e n ia n z mi fim ua , 77 61 603 or x d x w0 1 s a ll e n a n g e l s , a n d a r e a w a r n n
g t o the
ti i t
.

v
O n t h e w h ol e h s l n e , a k e n a s a b o e , ic t t i
w k e d r u l ers o f t h e e a r h a s t o h e r
38 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
X there u p o n t h e a n g e l o p e n ed to m e the gates of
. An d
hea ven a n d I saw the holy te mp le a n d u p o n a thro n e
, ,

of glory the Most High 2 An d He said to me : Le v i I . .

,

hav e gi ve n the e the blessi n gs o f t h e p rie sthood u n til I com e

a n d sojour n in t h e m idst of I sr a e l 3 The n the a n gel . .

bro u ght m e down to the earth a n d gav e m e a shield a n d a ,

sword a n d s a id to m e : E x e cu te ve n ge a n ce on Sh e chem
,

beca use of Di n ah thy sister a n d I will be with th e e b e ca u s e , ,

t h e Lord hath s en t m e 4 A n d I destroy e d at that ti m e . .

t h e so n s of Ha m or as it is writt e n in t h e h e a ve n ly tables , .

5 A n d I said to h im : I p r a y Thee O Lord t e ll m e Th y

.
, ,

n a m e that I m a y call u p o n Thee in a day of trib u la tio n

,
.

6 A n d h e said : I a m the a n gel who in t e rc e de t h for

.

the n ation of I srael that they ma y n ot be s m itt e n u tte rly ,

''
1Him h a rdl y b e a n y Th e r e c an i v i c mm d on t h e gr o u n d of a d ne o an

t f c t xt ti i c j tifi d by t h
. .

doub r o m t h e s en se o f t h e on e B ut h s s l e n e c an be us e e
i c
a n d t h e e v de n e o f J u b xxx i 1 7 ( se e tt t vi 2 M v t h s a e me n in ore o er, e
v t t d liv y f t h hi ld
. . . .

ab o e ) ha f or “
h im we d w d m d e er o e s e an s or a e

sh o uld r e a d t h ee t i
( 06) in b o h l n e s t L i i d m vi i ( f 5 o ev n a re a s on o 11
l it y f t h gif t
.

v
. .
,
,

V Th p A d er euh vi g on d th al
re a s
“
a n . an e rea o e a re
t tic t d by L v i d i c v y f t h
.

i d th i {3 A s m
’

8 ” h au en a e e s s o er o e
h i ld t i
sa s o

tl y L v i h d t h v i i cf 5 v i 1
. .

A pp
th m wh h b h l d s e on e ou n a n er e e
H ea ve n . ar e n e a
e e

h it h t c d d ly i t t h e s on , . 11 .
, . .

dS
er o as e n e on n o e

se c d on w h i : d mitt d i t no
Th y i t
M
( B e
ld xp ct
s
t a e n o
s s er -

t h thi d
W h h e e s ou e e ee

i
.

xxx v
.

2 7 ; J b xxx
e r .

4 Cf G 2 5 en u
Th h ly t mp l
-

d p th th
4 Th i v c
. . . . . .
e o e e, a n u on e r on e

f g l y t h M t Hig h ( BA S )
m i w kw dl y h s erse o es n a ar e re
A i mil t t t
. .
o or e os , 0

t h H l y M t Hi gh O
.

re a d s pe
xxx o
m os
i m d i J b ne u on a
s ar s a e en s a e n u .

th ron e Th l tt i p c li Th e
23
a er s e u ar e
. .

f ll t x t pp t b igi l Cf
. .

H l bl B i '
u er e a e arsy t (3 Ao S) or r
e or na ea ven a es

iii 4 ( 78 A S ) h ly f h l i xv iii 6 A h ii 1 0 v ii 5 (BA S ) S my

. . .
. .

“ ” 1
o o o e s, s ee
t J b iii 1 0
. .
, . .

t mp l f gl y Th t bl f t h
. .

”
th
“ n o e on u a
e e o or e se are e 0 : es o e
f th
. . .

ld t f c I m w ft
.

o es re eren es a a a re o o a a e rs

t ch
.

t m pl i h v
e e F l tn f 5 T l l (fi A S )
ea en . dor a er re e r e -
a
l
0 re a s
“
ea

cf R x i 1 9 xv i 1 7 t Cf G xxx ii 2 9
. . .

e n ce s ev e c. . en . . .

xx i 2 2 th h d
. . .
,
.
,

I n R ev th 6 Th g l wh i t on d th f e th o er an . e an e o n er ce e or e

th i i d t b t mp l t h vi 2 ,
. .
,

e re s sa ti f Io l Of T D
e no e e e re na on o sr a e an

i gi l f t h H I f l l w [S d p 57
. . . . .

Th b l i f i h v l y
.

e e e n ea en or 6 na s o e e re o o -
77 0 0 1 7 01 1 6 00s 7

t b cl t i f d f c
a e rn a e, e c i 76 Th t x t l v id c i h
s o un o ou rs e n 00s e e ua e en e s e re

v y c flicti g
.
.
,

th O T e d p 67 er on n 0 re a s 7ra 6 77 1 6 0o s

T h i mi gh t b d i g
.
. .

2 U t il I m d oj
n Cf 07 6 co e an s ou r n . 7 0 00123. s e a re n er n

i v 4 ; T Sim vi 5 ( cf 1 Ki g xx ii l 9 ;
. .

f y m5
-

y o g n s

tt d
. .
. . . . .

3 4 A d g -
m hi l d n G l 1
a ve d m
e a s e en . x v .
, an e an a en

t fi t
.

h e a venly t bl t Th w d ai g e s th ti I eseE th or s a rs n on e na on n s er V 111

i gh t l k l ik J wi h i t p t ti
.

1 1 ; i x 1 6 th i
.

H b w ph
.

s oo e a e s i
n er re a on , s e re ra s e s
i c L vi m k tt mp t i t h
.

s n e e d a d b y 6 76 1es no B t 7 61
a e n e ren e re 07 6 0 u 77 0 76 77 1 6 00;

x t ch p t t j tify h i m l f t J c b i p ibl y c pti f 7 1

.

ne a er o us se o a o s o ss a o rru on o 77 0 30 1 7 01
 LE V I—CH A P T E R V . 1 -

7 39

for e v e ry e v il Sp irit a t t acke t h it 7 A n d a ft e r th e s e . .

thi n gs I a waked a n d bless e d t h e Most High a n d t h e a n g e l , ,

Si c
pe s n e
re urs in r a ic p t f th ti l xxx i x c a n gel a ro n s o e na on s
vi p pp i t d t t i c
.

0 in T Da n 2 it s r e se n e h e r e 57 6 1 d i -
an s a o n e o en er n a
cci t i b k t h i d l i g w i th I l O t h
. .
,

is n o t a m er e a de n Th e re m a n oo e r ea n s sr a e n e
t iti c
.

th h d it i d fi it l y t t d i D t
.

in g a u h o r es d A 8 1 a re l o s e l y re o er an s e n e s a e n eu
t d Si xv ii l 7 ; J b
.

la ed d re a d s 7 70010 7 1106 0 03 7 007 60011 9 ,

. 8 9 ( LXX ) x x xn -
an r u
xv 31 32 ; d H b T N pt h i x 2
. . . .

A y é vo vs ( b u t b a h a b a n in an e re w a
c pt
,

th t wh ti
. . . .

A = ¢ u1 0 £ is o rr u f or ba sh d e ba n qq th p t s a e re a s e na on s a re u

t h d mi i
.
,
= 1377 6 p0 0 77 10 7 713 ), SI 0 111000 7 1) y e0o s d f g l I l i un er e o n on o an e s, s ra e s
Si c it t b t i G d w p ti Th g l
.

n e in v e r 7 d r e a d s 0
’

71 6 p0 0 77 1§ 007 0 no u s o so n or on e an e
p i t t ii
.
, .

is o ss bl e h a g ym5 12 is t h e or g n a l h -
i t th m p t f I l e re s no e er e a r on o s ra e
di ig h t
,

t w h ich d
o d A g b ck an d w b t th g o f th
a f ll
an so e u e ua r an o e r e ou s o a

s h ld h v
ou wh pa t e t t h t
“
h ti T L
o v 7 d th
ro e c e p,
i it l e na on s ev an e s r ua

di t t
. . .
,

na ti wh
on ,
p § 7 e re a s 0 m b 77 0 w G d d I
0 1 7 01 1 6 00s l 7 e a or e e en o an s ra e or

t b tw
,

7 6 p
003 pp re s u S
p 3 C f A
os e s h u G d d m
71 5 T D sc ra er e e en o an an an

i x 2 3 ( L ti d Sl v ic ) I t t v i 2 I k p i g w it h t h i l g
.
. . .

I s a n an a on s e es n ee n s ar er c on

itt
. .

ic p v
. .

m g a nus g l M anh l d e us
p p ti h i d ae m t e r ec a n s ce on e s e ore o e r, no

g i t th p t f t h G ti l
,

se mp p h m it
er ro I th H b w
u an at e g l n e e re a a ns e a ro n a n e s o e en e

T N ph i x 2 h w v ph ti — b t g i t
.

a th o i e D er , e ra s e na on s as n an x x 11 u a a ns

t h ki gd m f S t
. .
,

it c
. . .
,

u se d f or
“
i n e r e s s or
”
s B li T D e n o o a an o r e ar an

v i 2 3 T B j vi 1 Th i d t h t
.

Th w h v
us t che b tw a e
I l w
o
d p t oo s e
l l i k
e een
.

s r ae
,

as
.

un
en

er
.

a
. .

a ro n
e

an
ea

e
a

e
wh i t d th f g
(6 d ) d w h
“

p t t th
ro ec e
o n e rce

(d A S ) Th
e
th Iv
or
t
i t l q tl v i v d R bbi ic d ct iy G ti l ti w
an

e
b
n e rn a
o
e se en en e na on s as su

v i d c f T L v 5 6 d T D i t h Ty P J
.

se u en re e as a a n o r ne
e en e o ev -
an an

v i 1 6 pp t f v t h f m
. . . .

g G i 7 8 n e ar s -
on on en x

ii
. . . . .

xxx
, ,
-
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xt p g p h D W
.
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w h ll i th
. . . .

e s a see n e ne ar a ra s .

1 70 q ; J w i h E
W h v w t di c v if p ibl y s e s nc c. V I 11

ii
. .

g l m y b Mi h l
e a e no o s o e r, o ss e,
Th i th
g l d ig d i t h t x t
. s an e a e c ae or e
wh i t h o s e an e es ne n e e
g l f p b t h th g l m y
.
an e o ea ce, or o es e a n e s a
i H i t . e wly
s no p t d
n a rr o b f d t i T L re v 5 7; T D r esen e as e r e er r e o n ev an

v i 1 6 Mich l i g lly c c i v d
. . . .

th e na ti l g li g
on a di an f I el c ua r an o sra e -
ae s e n era on e e

i T l m d ic l it t th i t c
. .

a g i t th
a ns th ti e b t b
o d ly
er na on s , u r oa n a u e ra u r e a s e n er e ssor
con ce ve i d th i t as f th fe d ch m p i
n er ces s or f I l B t it i or e or a n a on o sr a e u s

cl f m D vi
.

r ig h t f ll
eou s o ti th i p a t t na ons , 56 d T D e r r o ec or e ar ro an -
an an

5 th t th g l b id Mich l
. . .

a g i t a ns S t B li a an d th or e a r, an e a a no er an e es es ae
m di t
e b tw
a or G d ed Al e en i c o c d b h lf f I l I
an an .
s o n e rn e on e a o sr a e n

1 Mic h l i x 5 6 1 1 1 2 1 4 1 9 2 1 x i x ii
.

I Dn x 13 21
an D x 11 ae s an -
0, - - -

d c ib d di th i g l i m l b t i T D
. .
, , .
, . .
, , , . .

es r th
e g as g l f e ua r an an e o s an e s na e e s s, u n an

l —t h v i w pp tl y p t d v i 5 h i c l l d t h g l f p c
.

I s ra e e e a are n re s e n e e s a e e an e o ea e

B t thi vi w h d I D K t h i m l
. .

i dAS
n b v 1
a o e u g l i
s f e a n an s na e ess an e s o

b t l itt l c c y i c d c t y v y gl i c ( 5 6) d
.

pp
. .

u e u rre n n se on en ur er o r ou s a e ar a n e -
an

au th iti ; f 1 E xx 7 d
or es or t figh t f I l w ith t h h l p f Mich l
n oe s no s or s r ae e e o ae

pp t it it d M x 11 6 i 23 ( 1 9
. .

su or as rea s I T D t i 5 th
a7 g l f s s 7 1 0 n an v e an e o

0 p c t g th d I l th t it
. .
,
“
57 1
11 67 7 61
10 0 1 6 6 1 3 100, 1 77 7 1 0 00 ea e s ren ene sr a e so a

Th i p t f ll t i t t h xt m ty f vi l ( 7 77
,

6 7 63
1 0 1 0. p g s a s sa e re re s e n s a no n o e e re i o e 0

Mich l ae th pt as g l f th
e 67 a ron1 61 an eTh o e 1 77 6 0 6 0 7 03 e

i t i I l— t t h p t
sa n s n s ra e g l d g no f I l th c
e t xt h wa r on an e an er o sra e as e on e s o s,

ti l xxx i x p i it l N w th v y m
,

o f th e na N 1 E
on i o r ca n n s a s r ua o ne o e er sa e

x c b i d t pp t t h v i w i t t m t i m d i c cti w ith
. . . .

e sa o su or e e n s a e en s a e n on n e on

D i l ; f i t c ti v 6
.

an e th g l
or w h ed t h an g l me d i T o L n er e es e an e en on e n . ev . .

for I l l xxx i x 76
sra e d i t t h lp I m th g l wh i t d th f an s sen o e
“
a e an e o n e r ce e or

l i it fi l t gg l x c 1 4 d t h ti f I l th t th y m y t
.
,

I sr a e n s na s ru es an e na on o s ra e a e a no

w h i m t p b bl y Mich mitt tt l y (1 37
.
,

o s os l ro h i ba ae as e s e s en u er 1
7

v ch g l x c 2 2 i 3 8 l v y v i l p i it
,

on e f th o e se en ar an f e s s 0 1 7 0 29 e s or e er e s r

xp l y di ti g i h d f m t h v t y t t k t h it H c t h g l i T
.
,

e r e ss s n u s e ro e se en a ac e . en e e an e n .
4o T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
w ho in t e r ce de t h for the n ation of I srael an d for all the
right e o u s .

VI wh e n I was goin g to m y fa th e r I foun d a

. An d ,

brazen shield ; wh ere fore also t h e n am e of the m ou n t a i n is

A s p is which is n e ar G e bal t o t h e south o f A bila
,
2 And , . .

I ke p t these words in m y heart A n d a ft e r this I co u n sell e d .

m y fath e r a n d R e u b e n my broth e r to bid the so n s of , ,

Ham or n ot to be circu m cis e d ; for I was je a lo u s b e cau se of

L ev v 5 7 m y b t h g l f V I S i ld -
a w h ef el
“
e an e o h e er or e a s o

p c f c t t h g l th m f th m t i i A p i
. . .

”
ea e (F or r e eren e s o e an e e na e o e ou n a n s s s

f p c th c d ct f ig h t Sh i l d i w h ich
.

l
( Bd S d )
“
o ea e as e d on u or o r e ou s -
0 re a s e n

T A h vi 6 T B j vi ti i
.

l
s ou s , se e (6 th s m f th m en 0 e na e o e ou n a n
F th m k t h t th i
. . . . . .

s
ur w
—
er , g l i ce ll d A p ire A ar
Wh f I (A7 a s an e n
a e s s
” “
ere or e 3
p m bl y t h g l f h c ll d t h m f th t ( A 5 m )
.

T L ev v re s u a e an e o “

p c — c t L v i t h gh t h v i
. . .

e a e e na e o a o

t i A pi P f S yc
.

ea e e s or s e rou e a r ou s ”

h v ii — N w th i p
m g ou n a n s s ro a e su

t t h t A d i g
. .

ea T L ens e v. v o s re '
t i b d
m p ti th t h i t h g l f p c f
. . .

g es s a 0 7r s s a a r en er n

w h ich w t
su on a e s e an e o ea e
l h m
is t gth d by t h f ct th t t h f 1Mt H m
s re n en e
Cf D t iii 9
e a a e
o 17 1 0 , a s a so a n o er na e

g l w h c d ct E ch th gh t h H m i b t 40 m il f m G b l o . er on . . en . . .

an e o on u s no ro u e

h v i c ll d t h g l f p c i 1
er on s a ou es ro e a .

Th i m iti m t w
ea en s s a e e an e o ea e n
G b l i th
l 8 1ii 5 l iii 4 v e a s ar e o n s e
M
.

E n x t e c ore o er ,
By bl f th G k
if w m y t t 1 E 1 8 9 w m t
. . . . .
, , ,
us o e r ee s .

e a r us n x e us 1
T th t h f A bil ( bS ) f
g d Mich l g l f p c
. .
, ,
o e sou o a . a e
re ar d th ae an e an e o ea e

d i ti ct b i g N w it i p ib l
’ ’ “
( g ) A B d A fi u d d A u nfi d A ? re a t ,

Abil
,
as s n e n s o s oss e

f c t b th g l i b t 1 0 m i l N W f H m
.
’

fi d A /S i m i wa a. o a, s
t , .

o n r e e r en es o o an e s n

T D vi 1 6 an t g d th
-
or o re ar e
a ou es . o er on .

f p c
.
,

ph
.

”
raseth e g l
“
2 Cf D an 2 8 mm e bm o ea e as a an V I1 sn
vi 5 d i t p t t h
. . . .

gl i
os s n d d i LXX d Th d t i
an by so n er re e r en er e n an eo o on

p g f Mich l v t
.

wh l o e a ss a 1 e 6 o 77Th d ) 610 ae or e en o K0 0 7 eo 11 0 7
0 u ov

i t p t th p g d l i g wi th Si c
.
, ,

n er re 6 7 5 ( 6 1p 7
e assa e as ea n 0 7 7 01 0 16 7 7 7 00 n e our

th ch i v m t f t h g l f p c t x t h
e a e e 1
en s o 1p 6 1 by e an e o ea e e as K0 0 00 6 7 7 o v0 7 0 s
'
o us

on ly O th tt ib ti f i mil n 1 6 e
pdl a 7
a it i cl ly
r u on o s ar 7 01 7 012 3 0 Ka 1 0v, s e ar

f cti t Mich l d t h g l f i d p d t f b th V i L k ii
.

un o ns o ae an e an e o n e en en o o e r s on s u e

p c i l t l it t t
. .

'
ea e n 19 a er 1p 0 7 18 1
er a u re se e no e on 7 01 7 0 11
0 U7 01
'
0 UV 67 7
’

61 7

T B j vi 1 fi K p5 a t g '
en 1 6 h w 000 0 0 r a 1 s o s s r an e

m t w it h t x t Th c d
. . . .

Th t t h y m y a t b mit t S e g a no e s en o a re e en ou r e e se on

v i 5 6 67 7 1 6 705 d m v i i
.

w it h l i k
.

A Of T D an d w d 6 0: 01 0 06 1 re a s on en s e or s,

v iii 1 9 S h w v LXX f
. . . . .

2 1 0 1 61
’
7 0 I p 11 0 67 0 a9 f 1 77 6 0 6 0 0 1 7 0 6 9 7 09 o ee , o e e r, o

th t i v 2 5 6 1 67 6 77 p5£0
, . . .

3
11 0 1 1 0 5 d m y 0 t D rea
“
a on e a no an 70 $ 0123 0 7 K0
mit th m
. . .
,

s e 17 15 e 100 17 77 0 7 1 01 0 1106 7 7 06 .

Ut t er l y , f or ever y evil sp ir it a i
3 And a f t er t h is I cou n s elled
B
.

t a cket h a
tt
(Bd A s 1
)
-
. 0 o m .
, Aa re a d s
BA S “ 1
re a d
“
a nd ( BS
I
om ) I c ou n

id
.

e rl y
“
u b * °d = an d I
vi f ll pi s e ll e d A
.

sa .

Le a sl e e 5
.

7 A w a ked e n 11
My b t h m
. . . .

ro er c o

ti v f
.

r ig h t e ou s
.

A n d t he a n g el th e
N t Th i d i a e s ou n n 0
ABSI ) Th e d e a s a re . t il an d t he on ly b t pp
o g
t
.

b i gh t I t
u a
e ne

e ar s o e r .

p ti ll y j tifi L vi c d ct B t
,
a n ge l w h o in t erc e d e t h f or ( 770 00 17 015
’
7 ar a us es e s on u . u

8
7, b u t A 3 5151 0 1 0 or ¢ v1 010 0 007 0
17 a ll t h f J c b g v th i c
e so n s o l a o a e s ou n s e
“
p ro t e c t e t h ,
”
S I
t h e n a on ti a cc d i g t G xxxi v 1 3 qq Th
or n o en . s . e

B k f J b il xxx 1 4 d J ph
.

o f I sra e l a n d f or a ll ( + t h e r a n k s o f oo o u e es an ose us

it c
.

A B) t h e r gh e o u s ( a f S1 o m the i t ( A t n1 2 1 1 ) m l l f t t h o a r e e re n e o e

f t h S h ch m it
. . .

i t
.

r gh e o u s a o mit s . i
c r cu m i c s on o e e e es .
42 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
11 . Bu t t h e wra th of the Lord cam e u p o n the m to the
utte rm ost .

V II sa id to my fath e r J a cob : By thee will the

. An d I
Lord d e stroy t h e Ca n aa n it e s a n d will give th e ir la n d to ,

th ee a n d to thy s e e d a fter the e 2 For from this day . .

forward shall Sh e che m be calle d a city of i m b e cile s ; for as

a m a n m ock e th a fool so did w e m ock the m 3 Beca u se , ,
.

also they h a d wro u ght foll y in I srael by de fi lin g m y sist e r .

An d w e d e p art e d a n d ca m e to Be th e l .

V I I I A n d th e r e again I saw a v ision e ve n as t h e for m e r

.
,

a ft e r w e h a d s p e n t there sev e n ty days 2 A n d I sa w . .

se v e n m e n in white rai m e n t sayin g u n to m e : A ris e pu t o n ,

t h e rob e o f the p ri e sth o od a n d t h e crow n o f right e o u s n e ss , ,

7 17 th p
-
l t y f d th i e d i d en a V I I I Th v i i c t i d i t h i
o ea s or a ne e s on on a n e n s

i t m i g ith t h h th i ch p t i f d t i J b xxx ii 1
.

f or n er a rr a e w e ea en n a er s re e r re o n u

c cti with hi d t ti f A d L v i d m d th t th y h d
. .

“
on n e on s es r u c on o n e re a e a e a

Sh h m ec C h b it ti
e w it h G ti l d i d
o a d m d h im t h p i t f
a on a en e or a ne an a e e r es o

q i v l t t w h i p t h M t Hi gh G d h im d h i
.

w g d d
as re ar e as e u a en o ors e os o an s s o ns

f t h G ti l i d l t f v J bil h w v t h
,
”
o e S myen e I o s ee no e on o re er n u e e s, o e er, e

m i pl c d ft L v i h d
. .

J b u 10 xxx d rea s a e a er e a se e n

1 1 Th i v c h i f t h f th t d
. . .

’
G b ( Sp i l g
s I er s e , as d ra e ce e sa a s a er s a e r, a n re u rn e

P t m 1 6 9 8 i 1 38 ) d pt d B th l w h t x t th i
. .

a ru w w t i sa as a o e o e e ere as n o ur e s

b y S t P l i 1 Th ii 1 6 6756 vi it t I c i m d ft t h vi i
.
, , ,

au n e ss 1 0060 s o sa a s a e a er e s on

i x 1 I t will b
. . . .

7(DE F G
’
66 6 3 1
77 79
0 1 7 0 29 S 7 01 i th 6 01 ee e s e en n e

it v lg g b t m t th iti m f ll w i g t t h t m ch f t h
.
, .

u o, u os au or es o o o n n o es, a u o e

G d w h ic h m t i l f t h i ch p t i f
, .
, .

”
70 0 F d or o d i 0 re a s a er a o s a er s ou n n
I B m J b il b t i l i g h t l y d i ff t
B S d L d
re a b t A 75 6 1 or u o 1 1 0 10 u e e s, u n s e r en co n

T R b v 7 T N ph v i 8 h w v t ix 3
.
,

l
a s a so i n ti eu S a n ec ons e e, o e e r, n o e on

p ibil ity f c p ti i
. .

l t t h id f p i it y
. . .

i Al x
. . .

h as os e t th ea o r or as n e as o e os s o a o rru on n

an d i Gr an k It p v it h w J h xxxi 1
re e re se r es o u . . .

g i f t th
.

v i T N ph v 6
,
“
e er, n Ag i a Th a n e a a n re e r s o e

vi i t t t h l c l ity
. . . . .

V I I My f th J b Bb A S a er a co - I
s on n o o e o a

My f th
. .

re a d B t g y my a A i i er : th f m e Th i
no an r , v s on e ve n as e or er s

( f g A m ) L d J c b (d ttm t c i
.

“
a o or 18 aS p o s a e en re u rs n v er. ee re

c di g t
, . .

2 Sh h m b
. ll d ec eit y f e ca e a c o e n no e .

imb il ec Cf Si 1 2 6 6 1 6
es 6 2 S m r Th f c
‘
0 5 even en . e se a re o ou rs e
J h i v 22
. . . .

Th i c d h pt d f g l
.

K0 7 01 13 6 2 17 l a so o n
g l
1 0 0 1 11 1 01 3 :
an e s s sa re e a o an e s
l t ttit d f t h i fi t m ti d i E k i x 2 Th i
.
, .

l l 48
V l th on e a er a u e o e s rs en one n ze e r
J w t t h S m it
.

fi t m t d i 1 E xx
. . .

e s o e m a ar ans.
na e s a re rs e nu e ra e n n

wi th d c i p ti f th i f cti
. .

W g h t f l ly i
r ou I l Cf G o n sra e en . a es r on o e r un on s

xxx i v 7 ; J b xxx 5
. . .

. u R b f th p i t h d
. .
t .
W it h o e o e r es oo e c

th i ti f t h g m t f
.
,

M y ( AB) 13 s d
0 m 1
re a
“
our . s e nu e ra on o e ar en s o

h i gh p i t w ld c m p
.

3 Dp t d ( df ) e A d
ar e th a a h “
: e e r es e s ou o a re

p td h c b g t k i t t h f ll w i g m w h t i c i t t
. .

“ e o o n so e a n o ns s en
ar e t en e, e oo o ur s s er

Di h ) f m t h c na dd p t d
e cc t E x d xxv iii 4 36 38 xx i x
ro en e an e ar e a ou n s o -

t l t
.
. .
,

p
.

(g m o f m “
ro 5 Th b ( Iw . e re a s a e
'

n, or

Cf J b xxx i 3 ;
.

C m t B th l
a e o
p e 16 ) p h d (
e . . b u . . 77 6 1 07 7 100 e o 1 1511, ro e
xxxv 6 c t ( mm X 6 ) mit
,

G en . . . oa , 17 1 0 , re
 LE V l e —CH A P T E R S VI I I —V I I I . 2 43

and the br e a stp lat e of u n dersta n di n g a n d t h e ga rm e n t o f ,

tr u th a n d t h e p late of faith a n d the t u rb a n o f t h e Th e a d

, , ,

(71533 7
3, w ith g ld p l t ( 7 C t d S ch m i d t i M A hi i a o en a e ‘
s, on s e n e rx , rc v

w h ic h w i c i b d 2 71 f S l E y Bib ll t h
. .

6 1
77 7 0 xp 0)00 120 0 0 on as ns r e e e a so nc c on a e

( E x d xxv iii 36 b v ticl f d

. . .

H ly t Y h w
“ ”
o o a e o a o e ar es o re ss

d gi dl ( ch F m t h p c d i g cc t w
. . .

an rB e 3 13 s ,
1 re e es ro e re e n a o un s e a re

b by bl d w ith t d iffic lt y t i d tify

’

( 3 , 77 6 1 0 K6
0 033 7
1
p 1 77) w t e re o e w orn en a e ou u o en

t h h i gh p i t
e th d y f t r es m t th onv ticl f h igh p i tl y ttie a o a on e en e se en a r es o -
r es a re

xvi 4 d b y di y p i t 1 1i th t ic c t t h
.
,

L ev an Th th or na r r e s s on us e 07 0 7 s e un or oa e

c ifici l cc i (E x d xxv iii th c w

. .
, ,

sa r a o 610
a s on s ( m y ) t h 1 67o 07 0 009 e ro n a e 1 00

tpl t
. .
,

I n th LXX e f Si l 8 12 th th b o r th 51p 7 t h
x v -
e e re a s a e e 77 0 7 7 9 e

ch p h d d b t pl t t h pl t ( F )
. .

b re e b e s, ro be, e th o an re a s a e ro e e e a e i
x
m ti th 1 1 7 th t b
,

a re d i 8 10 H
en on eth H b w n ere d th e e re e 1 7 70 e ur an an e

d i ff d gi v ch t ic b
.

er s a n b ph d S m difii l t y h w v
es ree e s, un ro e, e o o e
‘
cu o e er,

p h d d ci ct tt ch t t h d p di g
, .
,

e o an T th n u re o e a a es o e n ou n s e en n on

a b v o e 12 dd t h g ld
ve r c w th m a tw
s f th m i c e pt
o en ro n e a s on e , o r o o e s or ru

v t h O t h t i g ffi c cy f ch f t h
. .
, ,

( m y
13 0 a xp 0)07 6 0 009 u0 0 9 o er e n e a on n e a o ea o e

t b pl t ( l t i b v g m t
,

ur d t h g ld
an , an e o Z b h 88
en a e os n a o e ar e n s se e e ac b

LXX) w it h it c i p ti N xt th
.

“
S w sA dd ins r on e a a s e re .

Ph i l ( D Vit Ill iii 1 1 1 4 ) p k Th i i t h

. .

o e R b
a os b -
s ea s o e s s e ni : or

f t hi b w h ic h h c l l {
. .

o s ro e65 7 ( t ic f th di
e
y p i t Ex d
a s 2 77 0 177 9 so
un o e or n ar r es o
i E x d xxx i x p h d b t xxv iii 4 39 ; xx i x 5 t ;
.

l
a so n o e f th o re a s e c or o e
pl t pl t h ich w h igh p i t L xv i 4 E ii 69
. . ,
. . .
, ,
a e, d g ld an o en a e w as
r es ev z ra

gh t l i k c w w it h
. . . .

w rou e a ro n Cf Si
C w f ig h t ro n o r eou s n es s r
c d m d d t h pl t l 1 2 675 . . .

th e sa re na e, a n un 6 6 1 er e a e
x v 07 1 0 0 00 v0 0 0 77 0 010
xp
w as a 7i p th t t h p l t m igh t t 507 w h t h H b w d c ibi g
1 7 a a e a e no
.

ere e e re es r n
t ch t h h d d d it 16 7 t h c w f A h w 53 m y
ou e ea an un er 0 71 0 71 9
1 1
2

e
76 109

ro n o a r on a s ne : 7
3 15
77 a
th S m l cc t
.
, .

F or ano er D i t h T l m d ic w d f
i i ar a
c w i
ou n see e
s e a u or or ro n n
M ii 5 6 A g i J ph ( A t i i th i c cti
on a n
Cf Pl A b t h i v 1 3
os e us n i
1 773

7 1 6) d c ib t h f ll w i g g m t
.
. .
, . .

s on n e on o .

c i t
. . .

.
-

ch (n xd n c p t t
es r
mm m
es e
w
o
f th
o
p h d
n ar en s '
:
“
ro n o e r es oo

W t b ii
b
L vy N h b
re e es a va a v a orr u ra n s
h
l it ti f gi dl t ic d B tp l t f d t di g
(
‘

er er
'

e , eu e r a is c es . .

e ra on o r e, un an

b ( b th f w h ic h d c ib d
r ea s a e o un er s a n n .

ro e o o a re es r e as
6 =5 w m h
X 1
17 00 p h d b t p l t d
1 67 6
m y b c
e
p
o
t f
{ r e as
Th
a e, an
i
100 7 9 0 00 0 6 w 9 n n a W e re

A b v th i
,
7a a e o rr u or us
a p ( 21
ca i m )
77 09 ,
h ld h v
e ha
th b s
t p l t f
o e s “

p th th p d
. . .

w e s ou a e e re a s a e o

j dg m t Cf E x d xxv iii 1 5 ; Si
ca w e re d
as an o er ca an a rou n

it g l d fill t ( 645 xp 5 ) f l 1 0
,
u en . . o . . r .

a o en e 07 0 0 09 1 0 6 09 o
i l d d
th b v
r e e ro w s , o n e a th w h ic h 7
E x d xx iii
o e an o
p
er , on
x v . . 122 71 s a so re n e re 7re t

th w e re g ld pl t ( 1 2
as a
16
G m t f t
(o en
th ( 6 1p 7 77 61 7
a e 7 6 11 1 1 0
07
07 7 1 00 o . v .

) g v d w ith t h c d m ar en o ru 77 0 7 7 7 9 1 7
l lU G O S en ra e e s a re na e
Xp 6 1a i th ‘

( cf J E p der F b Th p
t b w
a
Th
a
v th i
p
t ic e ca
e 77 0 7 s e r g
r or

w ith t t h b v dd i
. . . .

ou er ro e or n o er e n n er un

i w cc d i g t J ph ( iii f t h h i h p i t m d f p p l t ff
t o ns as a ( m m )
or
I t n
cc
ou
d i g t
o
P th
e
b
ose
a o e

us
a
. w a s, a or n o , e ro e

d Y m v ii 5 w
.

o r es a e o ur e s u
7 3) l by h g t e

iii i it ki t
,
o rn a so
.

di
an

y p i t b t th i w
o

t th ( E x d
a
xxv 31
.

xx x 5 ) h
e
o w s r s

ic t t c
.
or n ar r es u s as no e ,
. .

li
,
d w h h w l l d a rou n e re a e rn a e o ou r e
O T I h w k B ll t
J d v 5 7
u
.
g . u sa
m wh t d i ff
e
p m
so
n
t
t t m c l gt d ld b l l E x d xxv iii
.

e
f
e ear
b l a
p p l
er
d
ere n
or

er
e

s
.

o e r ana e s o ue, ur e, an

m h t i c it t
. . .

o en e s, o
d d g ew s ar e an . .

a re u se an
xxxso
i x a n on s s e n ,

d t
e a i l g i v s Th a re w h v th 33 3 4en
2 4 2 6 us e a e e
-
, .
-
.

c t ic c
.

b h ( h ll d P l t f f i t h ( 6 1 7 a e o a 77 7 0 00 7 7 9

ro
re e

b g i dl e,
e s,

ph d l i t b
r e
un
H
e re

e
O
a

o
th v i e

nen ur an
e re n e ar o u s

B 1 7) ci c l d b
U0 0 0 7
y g ld m i g en i g d t r t h i ew
,

d a o en e an n s a ss ne o s or ,
s ee

fi l l t ( Xp 6
e 120 0 w h ic h w E 9 y B ib iii 31 57 on as nc c . . .

c cc i
.

en g v d
rat h ed m b t d
e sa g T b re f t h i na h d ( e,1 7 71
u a or n ur an o e
‘
ea 11 7 70 0
7 7 9

t A t iii 7 6 th i
o n m w i c ib d 7 1 77 H
s na the c t xt as ns r e K6 1 1 0 1 e re , as e on e

p l t w h ich q i m b t ct
. . .

on t h g ld e o th
en h w a e w a s on e s o s, w e re u re so e a s ra n o un ,

f h d F th cc t
o re ea . Ep or od 75 1 7 7
er a c t b i gh t
o u n s s ee . an so 11 6 1 0 ; anno e r .
44 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT RIA RCH S
an d p hod o f p ro p h e cy 3 A n d they s e v erally ca rried
t he e . .

( th e se thi n gs ) a n d
p ut
( the m ) o n m e a n d said u n to m e : Fro m ,

h e n ce forth beco m e a p riest of t h e Lord tho u a n d thy s e e d ,

for e v er 4 A n d the first a n oi n ted m e with hol y oil a n d

. .
,

gav e to m e the staff of j u dgm e n t 5 Th e secon d washed . .

m e with p u re w a ter a n d fed me with br e ad a n d win e ( e v e n ) ,

t h e m ost holy thi n gs a n d clad m e with a holy a n d glorious ,

rob e 6 Th e third cloth e d m e with a lin e n v estm en t lik e a n

. .

e p hod 7 Th e fourth p ut ro u n d m e a girdl e like u n to p ur p le

. . .

8 Th e fi fth ga v e m e a bra n ch of rich oli v e

. 9 Th e si x th . .

p l a ce d a crown o n m y h e ad 1 0 Th e s e v e n th p laced on . .

m y head a diade m of p riesthood a n d fill e d m y ha n ds with ,

i n ce n se that I m ight serv e as p riest to the Lord God

,
.

1 1 A n d they said to m e
. Le v i thy seed shall be di v ided : ,

i n to thre e o ffice s for a sign of t h e glory of the Lord who is ,

to co me 1 2 A n d the first p ortion sha ll be great ; yea

. .
,

gr e at e r th a it shall n o n e be 1 3 Th e secon d shall be in

n . .

bd g A e d 13 “
71 1 re a d f S i
7 0 x t h fi ll d my h
07 d w ith i c
16 012, a n t h t a
1
s e an s n en se a

tt I m i gh t v p i t b f
”
7 01 7 61 07 7 Th l m012 b e a er th L d a e ex ser e as r es e or e e or
7 y
i x t h d v th
.

pl i d c p ti c cti f A
.

cd e fg “
a ne as a o rru A d th
on or o rr e on o n e s an se en

1 P h p t h i i l w
er d g
a v m t h d i d m f t h p i th
e or d a e e e a e o e r es oo
0 7 1 6 012
71 g s na or

w h ich w d g i fi l l d my h d w it h i c
.

w as as an a a n e an s n e n se

c pt d t h
or r u e h d i t w
on th t t
e on e an n o as
a ,
e c .

0
11 6 9 01 7 ) d 79 t h t h an i t on 1 0 Di d m f t h p i t h d
e o er S n o a e o e r es oo ee

t c igh t
. .

77 1 m i
0 7 1 6 0v c l ra e w f no e on ro n o r e o u sn e ss

v iii
.

2 “
3 A p i t f th L d (A d
iii
.

x xxv
.
. r es o e or re a
F il l d my h d Cf E d e an s o
G d th d th y d f
i t h i ph i if i
. . . .

( BA S )
o
I
d A p i t th
ou
41
an
xx x “9 f
see
g y
or
g
ever
or s r as e s n n

i ti t t h p i th
, .

0 re a s r es ou

Cf J b xxx ii 1
. ,
d d or na on o e r es oo
an d ll t hy a d se e u
.

p i t f th
. . . .

G d B A S m o o
Th y m d h im t h
“

t f
.

e a e e r es o e

M t Hi gh G d h im d hi f 1 1 Th h fii h d t e re e o ce s ere re erre o

c i f x t
.

os o an s son s or

v f t th i v i i
,
d b d m ll y i t h a re es r e or e u n e ne
Th w d
e

o
e r.

f L vi Se
e se
t t b gi i g f t h c mi f t h M i h
ee
t h
or

no e
v s re e r
Th y
a
t b
o

e
i g
s

nn n
f
s on

o
re e e r se s . e are o e s ns o

ch p t Cf Si l 1 3
.

g e o n o e e ss a .
a er . . r, x v . .

1 2 A d th t ti t S p or on , e c
n o 0 e fi rs
j u dg men t ( BA
.

0 0m
.

4 0f
( 71 0 2 ( c o m ) 6 77 771237 09 K1 77p09 60 7 0 1 11 67 0 9
. .

pp t v t t
.

AB 1
“
5 A nd ( 0 ) B
t h e s econ d
A s 71 0 1 b d e g su or 0 sa e ha
c
. .

re a d t h e se on d
”
.
t it p t
h e y n e r o l a e 77 1 0 7 6 190 0 9 b e or e f
Br ea d a n d w in e ( e ven ) , th e m os t h ol y 7 05 a n d b e g o m
'
21 0 1 b e ore 12 7r6
p af f
iv c pt f
. .

t h in g s ( 0 i BSI ) h A re a d h o l y b re a d o m o f b d e SI
g e a o rr u e r r g
i x iv
.

f cti v i
.

an d w n e Cf G e n 1 8 , w h e re is d e e e Th s 77 10 7 6 150 0 9 h a s m a d e
ci t i
. . .

p
.

Me l h z e d e k re se n s bre a d a n d w n e t o it
.

it s w a y n o A al so A : “ A n d t h ose
iv fi t v t
.

A bra h a m .
wh o b el e e rs sh a ll h a e a g re a

7 G ir d le Th i s se e ms t o be p ti
or on
“
an d gr e a er h a n sh a ll t t it
xxv iii
.

the 1333 1
3 (E x od . . 4 n one b e iA B) Th s r e n d e r n g su o s es
. i pp
9 1 0 So
-
. 0 BS
I
. A “
re a d s
“
An d t h e c c cti
a n e e ssary orre on o f AB .
46 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
b e lov ed as a p rop het of the Most High of the se ed of
, ,

A braha m o u r father .

1 6 Ther e for e e v e ry d e sirabl e thi n g in I srael shall be for

.
,

thee a n d for thy s e e d ,

A n d ye sh a ll e a t e v e rythi n g fair to look u p o n ,

A n d the tabl e of t h e Lord shall thy se e d a pp ortio n .

1 7 A n d so m e of th e m shall be high p riests a n d judg e s

.
, ,

a n d scribes

For by th e ir m ou th shall the holy p l a ce be g u ar ded .

1 8 A n d when I awoke I u n d e rstood that t hi s ( dre a m )

.
,

w a s lik e the first dr e a m 1 9 A n d I h id this also in my . .

heart a n d told it n o t to a n y m a n u p on t h e earth

,
.

I X A n d a ft e r two d a ys I a n d J u d a h w e n t u p with o u r
.

up qb
on l d a lh
re au 7 dp i g o E'
1i6 Th i c l
a ffi it y b t w a xn
"

T at er e s a os e a n e e en

t x t d t h I c bl i g f
.

M6 i
1 401
! ndé é3 a t
CJS ,u u r u e /r
‘
wv our e an e s aa s es s n o

A t xi i 1 0 7 p G yl L v i i J h xxx i 1 6
‘

é
‘

n . i . w . r L JV
'
r w ,u e ' ar
'
y e n u . .

L t Hi t bl b t h i
dg { mo
co s 06 0 pd l dpxfi 0
7 0 60 s a e s, s 7 0
e s a e e ne

A d d th t th f
‘
éd v o vs t dpx p m fi
Ka t te ar s Ka
d thy n o ou a n so n s e a e re o .

p j m 5 6 2
"

l 3 y a p u a /7 v
a ux a r ) 7 6 01!
n

Ka i
oc

57 6
5 7
re a r

l h
1/é 1 63 m 7
Cf 1/
l T J d xx i
a e x
,
5 Si l 21 m l
vr wu 71 0 1 11 . a so . u . . r. x v. ,

m? Ka i wpoh éy e w y ap Q uo ta s Kvpl ov (pd your a c, d 9 € 5wKe v

'
) T E e idéva c
’‘

e cx e u a i
n a
p
v i w pp i t h T lm d
.
"

a fir q Ka i T o
" ’
) a n épp a r l a irr o fi
s a me
o
Th e e a e a rs n e a u . .

se e q t ti f m S t h i x 1 2 i t
uo a on ro o a n no e 17 Hig h p r ies t s and j u dg es a nd

i pi t
. .

on p 64 Th f c th f t e re e re n e, e re ore , o scr ibes T h e h gh r e s s in t h e p re

i t h t xt i m i t k bl cc pi t
. . .

Hy rc a n u s n e e s un s a a e Ma a b e an ag e w e re n o t on l y r e s s
d t y cc t f p i c Sc i
.

F m th
ro b v l e a o e au a or a ou n o b ut a l s o r n e s, h u re r II

t h M cc b t y w i f th t t xt
.

pp
.

e dy a a ean nas e n er a Th e e h e re a e a rs t o b e

w itt i t h l if ti m i J xxx i c
,
’
th w k w
e or f
as r en n e e e o a l l ed t o ub 1 5, w h ere in I sa a s
d p b bl y b f p l it i g f L v i it i i d ( Thy )
. .

Hy rc a n u s , a n hi ro a e or e s s bl ess n o e s sa
“
sons

w ith t h Ph i I e c c ld a r se e s n no a se ou w i l l b j dg d p i c
e d ch i f
u es an r n es an e s
w itt f J c b
.

h v
”
th ew d b or ds a e een r en un er of ll t h a d f th e se e o e son s o a o

Al x d J th l t M cc Th l tt p g hwv c ti
.

e an er a n n a e u s , or e a er a a e a er a ssa e, o e er, on a n s a

b by
e es Ph i Th m m y f a a r se e e e or o f c t t h M cc b p i c
re e re n e o e a a e an r n es a s

t f J h th c t x t h ( my t i
.

th eg Hy
re a n e s s o o n rc a n u s su r e on e s ow s se e no e n

v i v i t h T l m d Th i Ki d d
es n e a u us n .
F or e A BSI ) A d s2 re a d an d 0
d c ib d c d
. -
. . .

“
66 h 3
i th e se o n
Sh a ll g ua rd ed ( cp vh a xdfia er a t
e s es r e as be -

D id id t h v w t w
”
d i a e orn o
A B)
av an s sa o

p t c w
.
B f -
a . c i af re a d Angbdfia e r a t ; h
se a ra e y l d ro ns , on e ro a an on e

p i tl y
“
h e¢¢ 07§a er a t wa a r fia e r a t
’
A c
‘

r es

B l d (
e ove fS)
.

B fA d a a
Q -
a re a nu 1 8 Se e n o e on v er 1 a bo e
. t . v .

tt bl H d dp
.

m
”
co r
Th is ( d r ea m ) w a s l ike t h e fi r s t d rea m
e re a a r os o,
f ti i
z
u er a e
pt f Cf T B j
”
.

( a ) Bg re a d h s w a s l k e t h e orm e r
“ -

en
A th i v i i l ik t h fi t v i i
.
ru or . . .

w s s on as e e rs s on .

P r oph et of t h e il l os t Hig h T h e re is A8 } m o

fi t d m vi i
.

p ci i ific c t i i ti
.

a s e a l s gn a n e in h s d e s g n a on , 1 9 Th d e rs r ea s on en s
im i l ly Cf v i 2
.

cc
a s t h e Ma a b e e s w e r e d e s gn a e d r es s i t pi t s ar . . . .

t i
o f t h e Mos H gh . I X Th d m vi i c tdi e re a s on re ou n e n

ch p v iii t k pl c t B th l d i
.

1 6 1 7 Th t x t
-
e e no w t f m th
u rn s ro e a oo a e a e e an s

f d t i J h xxx ii 1 B t t h d
. .

M cc b li d l w ith L v i
.

a at e an ne o ea e s re e rre o n u u e or er

f v t i J bil i d i ff t S
. . .

p t ity i g l
os er n e ner a .
o e en s n u ee s s e ren . ee
 LE V I—CH A P T E RS V I I I . 16 —I X .
7 47

father J acob to I s a ac o u r fath e r s fath e r 2 A n d m y ’

. .

fa th e r s father bl e ss e d m e accordi n g to a l l t h e words o f t h e

’

v ision s which I h a d s e e n A n d h e wo u ld n o t com e with .

us to Be thel 3 rA n d whe n we ca m e to Be thel l m y . .

,

fath e r J a cob saw a v isio n co n cer n i n g m e that I shou ld be ,

th e ir p riest u n to God 4 An d h e ros e u p e a rly in the . .

m or n i n g a n d p aid tithes o f all I t o t h e Lord 1 thro u gh m e

, .

5 A n d so l we c a m e to Hebron to dwell there

.
r 6 An d . .

I sa a c called m e co n ti n ually to p ut m e in rem e mbr a n ce of

t h e l a w o f the Lord e v e n as the a n gel o f t h e Lord showed ,

un to m e 7 A n d he tau ght m e the l a w of the p riesthood

.
,

of sacrifices whol e bur n t o ffe ri n gs fi rs t f r u its fr e ewill ,

-
,
-

t t b gi i g f v iii A cc di g t
no e a e nn n d i d d m d L vi p i t f t h
o or n o or a ne an a e e r es o e
t x t ft w it i g th i v i i M t Hi gh G d Th i w
.

m v
”
o ur e a er ld n es s n s s on os o s ou re o e
L i g p w ith h i f th J c b d c flict th t x i t t p t t
, .

ev oe s u s a er a o an on a e s s a re se n as o
J dht I c(
u a wh o li v d t d
sa a b tw t x t d J bil
ve r o e a or er e e en o u r e an u ees

d i g th i
. .

H b e ( ro n It w ve r U t G d A= b f th as ur n s n o o
“
e or e e
vi it th t I c bl d L v i (
.

s a L d
sa a m e ss e e ve r or a o

i g i c d d t l gth i
.

Th bl 4 Cf J h 2 A d J c b
e e ss n s re or e a en n “
u x x xn n a o rose
J b xxx i 1 3 1 7 A t t h cl f th i ig
. . . .
,
u ly i t h m d h g v e ose o s
-
e ar n e orn n an e a e
v i it t I c J c b d h i
. . .

s o s aa t tit h f ll t h t c m w ith h im
a o an s so n s se a e o a a a e
”

B th l t c ific th i
,

c liv d t H b i t h h
.

ou t f or ff e 5 I
e o o e r sa r e er e n sa a e a e r on n e ou se
f l fil m t f w (J b xxx i 1 J b xxx i 5 ;
.

u en o O f Ab h m
a vo S u n o ra a e e ve r. u
th i j c f t cc m p y G xxxv 2 7
. .
. . .

s yI o ur n e sa a r e us e s o a o an en
Jcb H t xt ( 2 ) d J h
. . .

a o e re o u r S ( ) BA m e v e r. an u o a o
xxx i 2 7 g
. .
. .

1
. a ree Th ( A).

BS m e re a o

6 1 4 Th i t cti gi v
. .

W it h f t h J b t I ( d s) ou r a er h by a co o a -
e n s ru on s e re en
w it h
. .

c t L vi giv b y A b h m t
.

Cd e fg
fi dA d I “
-
t I re a o o ur sa a o e a re en ra a o
f th c w l i vi g i A b h m I c i J b xx i 1 7 9 1 1 1 3 1 6
.

’
a Ier sa a as n n ra a s sa a n u

( cf J h xxx i 5) i Heb
. - -
. .
, , , ,
h o u se ( u 2 1 23 . . n ro n see -

xxxv 2 7 l A m
.
.

ve r 5 . d G an 6 I
en .
ll d m Of J h i 1 . a so ra .
sa a c ca e e u xx

Ab h m c l l d I c
. . . . .
,
an d Gk F g ra v er ra a a e saa
O th
.

( S)
. .
.
’
O f th
ur f th a P t m i
er s m mb er
f th l w f
a er a u e n re e r a n ce o e a o
th iti m it
.

au or es o th L d O f J h xx i 5 e or u
J b xxx i th i
.
. . . . .

2 S 13 17 f
ee u -
or s I
0f th L d ( d ) b gS d a

ig
. . .

e or a . e rea
bl ess n .

fG d m o o a o
f ( BA S )
. .

A ll t h w d e m or 7 L w f t h p i t h d ( NS/
s o
“
a o a o e r es oo 1.0V
w hi h I h d
. .
.

Th i i e v s on s i i p un ) H th A m c
d Gk a s een , e. e wa u s er e e ra an
ii 5— v iii
.

p cti v l y m m m d
. . .

. v .
, F g
.
d ra . re a re s e e u : an
A d h wn ld t m w ith
e l ou
i w b w h = mw
no co e us K ow e re 9
p p n p e a u s, 1 o

( A m w ith p g ti v Cf D t xv iii 3
”
t B th l
GL “ “
o us o e e r e ro a es eu

Cf J b xxx i 2 7 p c ff i g
.

Cf J h xx i 7 9 w h
. . . . .

a m o d m u a o u -
er e ea e o -
er n s

x t fi w d th gh h mt d th k ff i g d c ib d
. . . . . . . . .

ne ve or s ro u O an an -
o er n s a re es r e n

J h xxx ii 1 th i vi i i t h f ll w i g c ific
. .

3 I n u E y B ib s s on s e o o n sa r e s se e nc c

ig d t L v i P i bl y t h t x t d H ti g B D i l
. . . . .

a ss ne o e oss e e an as n s n oc

th i c p t d f L v i d m d
. . . .

e re s o rru S ifi ( 6 65 D m) an or e re a e a cr ces 120 1 21 ‘

n
th t th y h d d i d d m d h im
, .

Wh l ( bkm
'
a e a b or t fl i g a ne w an a e o e ur n -
o er n s ra vr

p i t f t h M t High G d w h l d # 1
r es o e os o
”
e s ou 0e

rea d J c b d m d th t t h y h d
“
a o Fi t f it ( d px b
re a ma ) e a e a rs ru s rra c u2
‘

in .
48 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
offeri n gs p e a ce o ffe ri n gs 8 A n d each day h e was in
,
-
. .

s t ru c t in g m e a n d was b u si e d o n m y behalf b e for e t h e Lord, ,

a n d said to m e : 9 Be w a re of the s p irit of forn icatio n ; for .

this shall co n ti n u e a n d shall by thy seed p ollu te the holy

p lace 1 0 Ta k e there f or e to thys e l f a wife witho u t
. .
, ,

ble m ish or p ollu tion while y e t thou art yo u n g a n d n o t o f , ,

t h e race of stra n ge n atio n s 1 1 An d be fore e n teri n g . .

i n to the holy p lace b a the ; a n d when thou o ffe re st the ,

sacrifice wash ; a n d again when tho u fi n ish e s t t h e sacri

, ,

fi ce wash 1 2 O f twe l ve tre e s ha v i n g le a v es o ff e r to t h e

,
. .

Lord as A brah a m tau ght m e also 1 3 A n d of e ve ry clean

’

. .
,

b e ast ran d birdl o ffe r a sa crifice to the Lo rd 1 4 A n d of . .

a ll thy fi rs t fruits a n d o f wi n e o ffe r t h e first as a sacrifice to

-

t h e Lord God a n d e v e ry sacrific e thou shalt salt with salt .

X Now therefore observe whatsoe ve r I com m an d you

.
, , ,

Fr eew il l t wv my fi er ing s
o (é Ko vor supp ly “
t h y h a n d s an d t h y f t ee as is
nz m) iTh s is re a e d a s a k n d o f t t i cl fear ro m t h e a b o e uo a v q t ti f on ro m
p c ff i v ii
.

e a e o e r n g in Le v -
1 1, 1 6 . . . f m A m d Gk F g J b il
u ees a nd ro ra . an . ra .

P ea ce afi er in g s ( a m nptwv ta '
-
i) w 2 1 53 dA S m .
d g i, a
"L I
o an a a n
t h gh h t
. .

efg I
8 W a s bu s ie d a n d sa id ( B A S) w h .
as
”
ro u in
i i f 12 T h i g l
.
.

a re a d s
“
b e n g b u s e d o n m y b eh a l
( g ) Bg A r ees av n e a ves
i a. -
.

v g t th
.
”
sa d d “
.
O re a e er re e n re e s . n e se see
9 Bewa r e of f or n ica tion Cf A m d Gk F g 2 3 2 4 d J b
ra an ra
i c
. .
an u
xx i pp
.

J
-

xx i 1 2
. . .
, .

uh 2 1 2 2 Th s o mm an d a e ars -

f
. . .

xp
. .

in an e an de d orm in A ra m a nd l Ab h m t
A gh t m S i s a so ra a au
.
e o n

J b i 1 2 Ab h m i t ct I c
.

G k Fr a g 1 4, 1 6
. . .
u . xx . ra a n s ru s saa .

B ew a r e b d e g A A ra m an d Gk 1 3 A d bi d ( ) I “
BS d d n r re a
. . .
a an

cl bi d A m
. .

Fra g l 4 a n d A r a m Fr a g
. 1 6, a dd . .
ea n r . o .
'
”
( my ) s on 14 0f fi rs t f r u it s
ti
. -
.

H ol y p l a ce . Or “
h ol y h n gs .

fi rst ( r pwr oy e w fiua r bs o ov

1 0 Ta ke, t h er ef ore, t o t h ys elf a w if e d w a pxd s ) = 1 n: 3 me s s Th e ~-

ix
.

pp
.

p f x iv
.

Cf A ra m a n d G k Fra g 1 7 ( A
. en d
.
) . . . sa m e h ra se is o u n d in E z e k l 30, . .

St r a n g e n a t ion s ( a e 1 ) B e A S 1 -
in t h e He b re w a n d in t h e G r e e k o f Sir
t ti
.

i t
.

re a d s ra n g e r s o r G e n l e s
“
. x lv 20 . d n a pxds m gh als o b e a

i
.

11O f Ju b 16 A n d a t a ll xx i “ re n d e r n g o f ma fi a .

ti c
. . . . .

me s b e l e a n in t h y b o dy , a n d w a sh A s a sa cr ifi ce u n t o th e L or d G od
t f it
h ys e l w h w a er b e o re h ou a p t f t ( )
a .a f r e a d “
a sa r e un o t h e c ific t
p roa ch est t o o ff e r o n t h e a l a r, a n d t Lo rd d e g A BSI re a d un o the t
f t f
.

w a s h t h y h a n d s an d t h y e e +b e ore Lord b om
t t c
. .

h o u d ra w e st n e a r t o t h e a l a r ; a n d A n d every s a crifi e t h ou s ha l t sa l t with

when h ou a rt d o ne sa rt n g, w a s h c ifici s a lt ( a o m ) J u b 1 1 “
A n d on xx i
i f t ti t t t t
. . . .
,
” ”
a g a n t h y h an d s a n d t h y ee For a ll t h y o bla on s h o u s h a l s re w s a l
f
.

p X i c pt pit
.

“ ”
b e ore w e sh o ul d ro b a bl y re a d Th s h a er, a s I o n e d o u t in
i t
.

w h ls Se e a l so A ra m a n d G k
. . . m y E s ch a t ol og y , 1 8 9 9 , 1 9 3, b e l o n gs p
fi tc t c tit t
.

Frag 1 9 , 2 1 , 53 . . t o t h e rs en ur y B C , an d on s u es
tt c t cc i
. .

W a s h ( vim o u) Here w e s h ou l d a k o n t h e l a e r Ma a be a n h g h
-
. an a
50 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R IA R CH S
XI . Th e r e fore
took a wife I was twe n ty e igh t wh e n I -

years old a n d h e r n a m e was Me l e ha 2 A n d she c on ,

. .

ce iv e d a n d b a r e a s o n a n d I c a ll e d his n a m e G e rsa m for , ,

we w e re sojo u rn e rs in o u r l a n d 3 A n d I saw c on . .

ce r n i n g h im th a t he wo uld n o t be in t h e fi rst ran k 4 ,

. .

A n d Kohath w a s bor n in t h e thirty fi ft h y e ar I o f m y lif e l -

tow a rds su n ris e 5 A n d I saw in a v isio n that he w a s . .

st a n di n g o n high in t h e m idst o f a ll t h e con gr e gatio n 6 . .

T h e r e f ore I call e d his n a m e Koh a th [which is b e gi n n i n g of ,

m aj e sty a n d i n str u ctio n ] 7 A n d she b a r e m e a third s on . .

,

Me rari in t h e fortie th ye ar o f m y life a n d sin ce his m oth e r

,

the th f p g wh ich b l g
o er o ur a ss a es e on th e re be c a us e th ey w e re om
t tho i gi l t x t f t h T t m t
e or na e o e es a en s, t
s r an g ers ) in t h e l an d
w fi d th t ll t h th iti g i .

e n a a e au or e s a re e n
Soj our n ers in ou r l a n d (BSI )
citi g t h w iti g f E ch i t w f
n e r n s o no n o o
re a d s
“
in a l a n d o f s o o u rn ng
a

j i
.

th m T Sim v 4 T N ph i v 1
e a . . “
j
s o ou rn e r s in t h e l a n d in w h h we
A
ic
m i i gt
. . .
, . .

A s reg d th ar h w v
s e re a n n w o, o e e r, ”
w e re Cf G k Fr ag 63 He re b d e A Sl
th e th iti au d ivid d or m it es a re e a o s
.

a dd a g l o s s
.
.

Fo r G ersa m is n er re e d
. . .

it p t
f c t E ch i T J d xv iii 1
.

all re ere n e

w h il i T B j i x 1 A
e n d w d
o

en
no n .

rea
u .

s or
.
,

s
j
so o u rn n g
”
i
a ga n s a af g and Gk i t .

Fr a g 63
f t h f th i t d f w d f
. . .
,
” “
. .

o e a e rs ns ea o or s o
3 He re t h e Gk Fra g 6 4 re a d s An d
th igh t E ch ( BS )
e r e ou s no c
I
.
.

ci
re ga r d i n g t h e vi i
h l d I s a w in my
. .

T h i mp i l ft t h m i d by s on

b v f ct i
e

ti f ct y d
re s s o n e on e n
t t xp
h a h e a n d h is se e d w o u l d b e e el le d
th e a

it i t i m p v d wh w b v
o e a s s un sa s a or , an
f i it
r o m t h e d gn pi t
y o f t h e r es h o o d 5
t it
. .

s no ro e en e o ser e I w a s h r y y e a r s w h e n h e w a s b o rn in
f t h th t i T I v i 1 T G d
,

ur e r,

v iii 2 ; T A h v ii 2 t t h b gi i g
a n . ss . . . a
if ti
m y l e m e , an d it t t
w a s in t h e e n h
.

p dicti t th f t
. s . . a e e nn n
t t t t
m o n h h a h e w a s b orn a t s u n s e ( érr l
of l g
an a o

f t h i t ib ch G d d A h
ous re on s a s o e u u re buoya cz s n
‘
kto v) t tc
Th a t h e l a s l au s e
ii ti v
.

o I
e r r e s, ss a a r, a an s er b e l o n gs t o t h e o r g n a l n a rr a e may
i mply y I k w N w it i t
,

s
im p b bl th t th i
sa

l ik i mpl
“
no .
”
o s no
i f f f ct
b e r e a s o n a b l y n e rr e d ro m t h e a

ph
ro a

t d i gi ll y i v l f t h
e a s or a e s e
t t
ha t pp v
Ko h a h t h e a ro e d s o n w a s,
p g wh
ra s e s oo

w iti g
or na n se era o e
a cc i xt v
o rd n g t o t h e n e ers e , b orn a t
a ssa w th
es f e re no e r n s o
i
s unr s e
E noch cit d t h a re c f th e as e s o ur e o e
4 Thi ty fif t h
.

A m ( d Gkr
p dicti th t f ll w I t i t ra an
-

t h i t y f th
. . .

re on a o o s s no e ”
F g 68
ra d re a
“

th y th t i S it i i t d c d i o ur
.
. r -
.

2
w or a n s n ro u e n
Of my l if e ( a ) B S om
A I
T A h ii 1 0 v ii 1 5
. .

. s . .
,
.
,
.

5 Th e A ra m a n d G k Fr a g 6 7 re a d
W hi h t h L d h ll ch
t t
.

Cf
. . .

c e or s a oos e
I s a w h a u p o n h im ( e rr a br p ) w o u l d
’

D t x ii 5 1 1 1 2 1 8 t
. . ’ "

eu .

S x ii 5
.
, , , , e c .

c
b e t h e o n gr e g a o n o f a ll t h e e o l e , ti p p
X I Tw ty ig h t . en -
e . ee . .
andt t
h a t o h im w o u ld b e l o n g t h e h i g h
M l h S e c l i Gka. d Sy o a so n an r pi t
r e s h o o d [+ h e a n d h is s e e d w ou l d b e

d J b xxx i v 2 0
. .

F g ra an u . . . i
a be g n n n i
g o f k n g s ( dpxrj Ba o t k éwv ) i
pi t
.

2 I c ll d ( h d S G k F g
. a e
1
. ra .
a r e s h o o d, Gk ] o er a ll I sra e l v
i b f Afl d h c ll d “ ( Ar a m .

c a e re a e a e .

6 [ W hich is , beg in n in g of maj es t y

G m Cf G
er sa x l vi 1 1 . . en . . .
.

a n d i n s t r u ct ion
] Bra k e e d a s a g l o s s c t
Sj Ob
o ou r n ers v t h pl y s er e e a on Th e r e is n o a e m a t an e tt p t
l an a on
.

xp ti
.

i E x d ii 2 2
.

w d or s as Th n w o . e so n as o f t he n ame in t h e A ra m a n d G k
c ll d w i p t g
. .

. .

‘
‘

a e n u, . e . u 1; s r an er Fra g 66 67 -
. .
 LE V I— CH A P T E R S XI . I—X II .
7 51

bare h im with diffic u lty I called h im Me ra ri th a t is m y , ,

bittern e ss beca u s e h e also was like to die 8 A n d J och e be d

,
. .

w a s bor n in Egy p t in m y si x ty fo u rth y e a r for I w a s ,

-
,

r e n o wn e d th e n in t h e m idst of m y br e thre n .

X I I A n d G e rsa m took a wi fe a n d sh e b a r e to him

.
,

Lo m n i a n d Se m e i 2 A n d t h e so n s of Kohath A m bra m . .
, ,

I ssachar H e bro n a n d O z e e l ,3 An d t h e son s of Me rari , . .

'

Mooli a n d Mo u s e s 4 An d [in m y n i n ty f ourth ye a r l . .

-

A m bra m took J o ch e bed m y d a u ght e r to h im to wife f or ,

th e y we r e born in on e da y h e a n d m y d a u ghter 5 Eight ,

. .

y e ars old w a s I wh e n I w e n t i n t o the lan d of Ca n aa n a n d ,

eight e e n ye a rs wh e n I sl e w Sh e chem a n d at n i n e te e n years ,

I b e ca m e p ri e st a n d at tw e n ty e ight y e ars I took a wife ,

-
,

a n d at f orty e ight I w e n t i n to Egy p t 6 A n d behold m y

-
. .
,

childr e n ye a r e a third g e n era tio n 7 I n m y h u n dre d

, . .

a n d e ight ee n th y e a r J o s e p h di e d
-
.

7 I ca ll ed ( cie A a*h Ar a m and Gk 5 E ig h t yea rs So a l so t h e Sy r .

cc i
. . . . .

Fr a g h bd
b lB
Sl re a d
“
sh e Fr a g A or d n g t o t h e A ra m Fr a g . .

vi i t cc i
.

c
.

a ll e d 78 , Le w as e gh e e n Bu t a or d n g
xxv iii xx i x vi
.
.
’

M er a r i my bit t er n ess ( BA Sl ) t o Jub 1 4, 1 4, Le s a ge

i y
. . .

vi p i ic
.

A n ob o u s a r o n o m a s a Fo r wh h w as n ne e a rs .

itt A cc d i g t J b
.

”
is m y b e rn e ss , Ar a m a n d Gk Fr a g E ig h t y een ea r s or n o u .

xxx 2 Di h w vi h d t t h g
.

iv t
. . .

“ ra e a e a e
re a d f or I g r e e d g re a l y ( G k o m ) na as s

f tw l v Di h w
.

t t itt
. .

f or him
”
a r e a ds
‘
M h a is b er o d e i y
e , an as na as s x e ars

t h L v i ( cf J b xxviii
. .

” u
n e ss y ou n
g er an e .

L vi w igh t ttdi
. .
.

B eca u se h e a lso w a s l ike t o d ie ( BSI 14 e as e ee n as s a e n

t x t S l t h Sy F g d
,

A r a m Fra g a A om T h e r e is o ur e . o a so e r . ra . an

it ti tt
. .

p
.

h e r e a n n ere s n g di o gr a h in t h e th A m F g
e ra . ra .

A r a m Fr a g Ni t y A cc di g t
n e e en J b ea r s or n o u

xxx 1 7 qq L v i w pp i t d t
. . . .

8 J ochebe d f or I w a s r en ow n ed s e as a o n e o

t h p i th d f l y i g S h ch m
. .
.
,

He re w e h a e a la y on t h e v p e r es oo or s a n e e .

p p ro er na me 1 13 3 3 P i t f A dd t t h L d
r es a a
“
o e or

igh t i p
. .
. .

F or I w a s r en ow n ed , e t c Th e Ara m F ty igh t or Th -
e e e s re

i v d l y i t h A m F g 79
. . .

Fr ag 71 re a d s : “
1 s a d w h e n sh e w a s se r e on n e ra ra .

Th i d t w ith T J d x ii 1 2
. . .

b o rn t o m e For h on o ur is s h e b o rn t o s g a e a re e s u . .
,

cc di g t w h ich J d h w h w
.

t
.

”
m e f o r gl o r y u n o I sra el a or n o u a o as

t h L vi ( J b
, . ,

XI I 1 Sh e ba r e t o him ( BA ) a s
1
tw yo y g e a rs o un er an e u .

t i xxviii 1 4 f ty i w h h
. . .

”
re a d h e b e ga b y h e r Lo mn a n d w as or -
s x en e

i vi t d w i t E gy p t B t cc di g
,

S x
.

e me Cf E o d 1 7, w h e re t h e w en o n n o u a or n

J b xxv iii 1 4 1 5 c mp d w ith

.

tic i i S i i
. . . .

Ma ss o re h a s L bn a n d h m e , an d t o u o a re

1 L vi w f ty fi
. .
, ,

t h e LXX A oBe ut a n d Z eue e t ( A J b u l x v d e as or -

ve an

x vi J d h f t y— th t
.
.
,

2 3 Cf E o d
-
. 18 19 . . .
-
. u a S orT re e . ee no e on .

M ool i ( b SI ) d re a ds Ma a l e , c a f J u d x 11 1 2
tic i
. . . .

Mot hl i, Ma s sor e Ma h l ”
I n my h u n d r ed a n d eig h teen th y ea r .

J p i
.

M ou ses ( a ) a f re a d O mou s e , LXX A s o s e h d e d a t t h e a g e o f 1 1 0y e ars ,

tic i vi i t cc
.

O uo uc e l, Ma s sore Mu sh
'
Le w a s e g h y e ar s o ld, a o r d i n g t o
t xt J p it cc
.

Bu t a ord
’
57 -
. a o m. ou r e , at
o se h s b r h .
52 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
X I I I A n d n o w m y childr e n I co m m a d yo u
.
, ,
n :

F e ar t h e L ord y o u r God w it h yo r wh l r u o e h e a r t l
,

A n d w a lk i si m p licity a c c o di g t o a ll His law

'

n r n .

2 A n d do ye a lso t e a ch yo u r childr e n l e tt e rs
. ,

That th e y m a y h a v e u n d e rsta n di g a ll th e ir li fe n ,

R e a di g u ce a si n gly t h e l a w o f God n n .

3 For e ve ry o n e that k ow e th t h e law o f the Lord shall

. n

be h o n o u r e d ,

A n d shall o t be a str a n g e r whith e rso e ve r h e g o e th n .

Y e a m a n y fri e n ds shall h e gai n m ore tha n his

,

p are ts n ,

A d m a n y m e n sh a ll d e s ir e t o s e r v e h im
n ,

A n d to h e a r the l a w fro m his m o u th .

5 W o rk right e o u s n e ss rt h ere fore 1 m y childr e n u p o n t h e

.
, , ,

e arth ,

That ye m a y ha ve ( it ) as a tr e a s u r e i h e a v e n n .

J b xxv iii 1 4 c m p d w ith W ith d w th ppl y j ’

i g t
n o u o are e can en su a zzr r v :

xxviii 2 4 J ph b i t h y i gh t H c w
.
.
,

o se w as d i th
o rn n e e ar r e ou s n e ss en e e re a n e

ft L v i B t t x t h v it t Cf M tt
.
.
,

2 1 34 M v y A se en e a rs a er e u e
“
a e as re a s u r e a

th i g t d i v g c cc di g v i 2 O On plf dé a O p d e
. .
. .
,
. , .

e re s a re a er er en e a or n aa v er e y w na a v o s u

T b it i v 8 9 b
.

t th l t ch p t f J bil "

i b
’

o e a er Th bp q a e rs o upx ees us o av a o -
t s ao rr ot ei

J ph d i d t t h g f 1 1 0 i t h K d 6 hfid ln
. . .

ose e a e a eb b éh qo n e ar 7 n o s 7ro
’
o ou a ri v
'
e

2 2 42 cc d g t J h xl v i 3 1
,

y ear a b n
or in 6é y ap dy db fin
o u a oa u u aa a u aav

th f b i t h y 2 1 32 ptf
. . .
, , ,

H w
"

e a s, e r e or e , g 2 iyuép
orn d dy n n Al e e ar a s s e a tin 6 9 a u v x s so

cc di g t
. .

X I I I W i th th i bl p m i p i P B B th
s no 11 e oe n ra se ea a ra 3 a or n o

w h ic h Ki g M ( ci c 1 0
.
,

f th w i cf Si xxx i x 9 1 1
.

o m e se an b r ) n on o azu s r A D

th iti b t pl i d t h i l ti v My f t h
- . . .
. . . .

“
Simp li ity S ll c o a au or es u re e o s re a es : a ers

A wh ic h
“
d p i gh t c l l ct d t
.

“ t h Ii h v ” o e e re a s u re s o n e a r n ea en

m y f th c ll ct d t wh ic h
,
re a s u r ne ss

t
.
,
” a ers o e e re a s u r e s
dd f h f l
a

2 T h y
o

h ild l tt
ear

Cf y i ld
,
i t 6
t I c
o
h y i ld i t
s ou
t .

e no n e re s su as e n ere s

Th i i d f t i
, ,
ea c our c r en e er s

T R b iv 1
. . .

t g p g d e c s ea o re a s ur n u oo
m 2
f m i li J d i m
.

. eu . . . a o . ver . .

k w i w or s as a a ar on e n u a s

igh t t
.

Wh v
“
3 Th L d .
Bde d G d or
d
-
re a o .

oe er o es r e o u sn e s s r e a sur e s
4 Sh l l d i t a h im Cf
p f
es r eh i m l f l if b f o G d (P
s er ve
S l u or se e e or e o ss o
Si X 2 5 t é g
. . .

i x 9 6 d dw mfi n d ptf
. .

gbg éh bd p h
"

r o x r p ao o e e or e t 7 0v w o r »! a to u u no a v et
. .
,

§3 pa pt ) h i igh t
.

yfi a o vo w
‘

f y é
‘
.
an u a v7 c n a Kv clo s r e ou s
5 R ig h t b b h eou sn ess
d d p v db f G d P S l ir a t oa vn e re ee s a re re se r e e o re o ss o
h ich
. .

i x 6 ; 1 E xxxviii 2 Th t h
, . .

m y b a g d d é h n mfi
e re ar e as e ao u n, w n us e
cc i lly d i t h LXX i gh t t
. . . .

i s o a s on a u se p n f g d e as a r e ous o s s e ss a re a s u re o oo
re n d i g f er n
p Cf D t v i 2 5 o k w ith G d 4 E
n vx 77 A p c eu .
w or s o z ra v1 1 o
xx i v l 3 P xx iii 5 t
. . .

x i v 1 2 ; S h bb th 31 Fi lly
. .
,

.
Bs. .
, e c .
ar a a b na
BS i gh t i ll b d d cc d i g
. . .
,

H ( )
i t t
a ve B A d th
as a r ea s u r e re a e r e ous w e r e w ar e a or n

th i g d w k t
.

”
iip fi d by ué f m y t d
‘

n a ca o vo r ir e , a o e r oo s so r e a s u re u
c nr e , p or
B t h pp Ap c B xx i v 1 ; 4 E v iii 33
,
”
b h l d m d
e ea e d a e s ou n o a ear o ar z ra

c p t fip l t
. . .
,

p g
. . .

o r ru d by e pé F nr e 2
ve g a n, a nD l W t ra o uo r or a er assa es see a nia n , or e

mm b th f w h ic h pp
.

2
fi re z
n, t b J o 1 69 oW b J d Th l g i 2 79 a ear o e es u e e r, u eo o e

c p ti
.

’
or ru f bn
on s pt n qq 302 qq
o n xs n z aa v a r e. s .
, s .
54 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
dren I ha v e l e a r n t that at
,
dre n I h a ve le arn t from
,
t he
the e n d of the age s ye will writi n g o f E n och that in the

me n t it i f m c v t m ti v x i v 6
s s ro o e ou s o es i j
Ph a r s e e s e n o y e d an u n n erru e d i t pt
th y c p t t h l w xvi 2 d t ch p itic ii c c v
.
,

e o rr u e a an ea ol a l a n d re l g o u s a s e n d a n y o e r

c t y t G d di c x i v 4 ti c t f
.
,
’
o n ra r o o s or n an es : t h e n a on and o u ld n o t h e re or e
th y p ff d p b y t h g t j ct p c ti
,

v
.

e a re
th i ffi c x i v 7 y t th y p f it
e r o
xv i 1 th y p ll t t h c ific xv i 1
u e f u e re a n e s s o h a e b e e n sub e t o e rse u o n a t t h e
e e e r o a ne S c
h a n ds o f t h e a d d u e e s ( c) So fa r as
pi t p t
. .
,

e o u e e sa r es w e a re a w a re t h e r es ly ar y of t h e

t h y t k t h ch ic t p t f th m fi tc t c cc
.
.
, ,

e a e e o es ar s o e rs e n ury A D ou l d n o t be a us e d

t th m c t mpt l y w ith i iti ti

. .

an d ea e on e u ou s o f t h e g ro s s mm ora l e s me n one d in

h l t x i v 5 t h y c ff t t h h l y
ar o s e s o a e o o ur t xt
e t
( d ) A l h ou g h t h e a c p ti vit y
th i g w ith j t d l gh t x i v 8 f t
.

J
.
,

n s es s an au er of t he e w s is o r e o l d a n d t h e d e so l a

th y d fil v i gi p l l t w dd d ti p t i
.
,

e e e r ns, o u e e e o n o f t h e Te m l e , h e re is n o a ll u s on
w m o d j i
en a n th m l v t h l t o n e se es o ar o s t cti
t o t h e d e s ru on o f J e ru s a l e m , n o r t o

an d d lt a x i v 6 th y t k t h
u e re s s e s e a e e t h e a l mo s t p ctic
ra i i ti
a l a n n h la on o f t h e

d gh t f t h G ti l w if ti t t cc i c
. ,

au e rs t o d e en es o e an n a on on h a o a s on He n e w e c on
p ify th m by l w f l p ific ti t t c pt x iv xv i
.

ur e an un a u ur a on cl ud e ha h a e rs x , w e re -

x i v 6 M v th y p c t t h itt ft
. . .

o re o er, e e r se u e e n ot w r en a e r 70 A D

i gh t d h t th t t p i t
. . . .

r eo u s g d lyan i 2 a e e o xv Be w ee n t h e t w o o h er o s s bl e d a e s
A cc d i gl y G d w i l l w it h it iffic t ci it c t i t
. .

or n t b o no e ar is d ul t o d e de w h er a n y
J lmbc f t h i w ic k d c t xt c i
.

e ru s a e e a use o e r e n e ss Th e h a rg es in o ur e o ul d b e m a n

x 3 t h T mp l h ll b l i d w t
: e e e s a e a as e t
t a in e d b o h a ga n s i t t h e He ll en s i tic
xv 1 d th y h ll g i t c p ti vit y pi t
.

an e s a o n o a r e s s o f 2 00 1 70 B C , a n d t h e
-
Sa dd u

x 4 xv l 2 xv i 5 w h th y h ll c pi t t
.
, . .

e re e s a e an r e s s o f 1 00 6 0 B C Bo h w e re
-

c t t h G til x i v 1
. .
, , ,

it t i iti
. . .
,

b e a s orn o e en es a g u l y o f t h e m os g ro s s m m or a l e s
p ch x 4 b m i ti
.

xv 2 c c i p it
,

re r oa an a o na on a a n d o f br e a h e s o f e r e mon a l u r y,

c di p i x 4 xv i 5
. .

t i p ct i t
, ,

ur se a n d a s e rs o n a n d b o h a l ke e rse u e d t h e r g h e o u s,
b v it i c l th t th f t
. . .

p
,

F m th ro e a o e s e ar a e se t h e o r me r ro b a bl y in a g re a e r d e gre e
ch pt c l d t h v b w itt by
.

a e rs ou no a e e en r en f i
Bu t on t h e o l l o w n g gro un ds t h e e arl er i
th e th f t h T t m t
au or o by e es a en s n or t
d a e s e e ms t o b e e l u d e d xc (1) Si c
n e

y w it i t h p l my d y i t p t ti v t
.

an r er f th n e a a s o e J
t h e n e r re a o n o f e r e m iah s s e e n y
’

M cc b a Th y m i gh t c
a e es . c i v bl y e on e a v t
y e a rs a s s e e n y w e e k s o f y e a r s fi t
rs

h v a b e w itt t th
een d iff t r en a r ee e re n a pp e ar s in Da n ix f c
2 4, t h e r e e re n e t o
d t ith ( i ) ft 70 ( ii ) t i i t p t ti xv i
. .

a es e er a er A D or h s n e r re a o n in l d e ma n ds a
b tw ( iii ) b f
.

t t t c
. . .
, .

e 70 50 e en -
1 70 B C or e o re l a e r d a e h a n 1 60 B C , a n d a s n o s u h
b f t p i d f th
. .
,

c t t xt c
. . .

B i th w e e or e e ors er o o e h a rge s a s h o s e in o u r e ou l d h a e v
p c ti f A ti c h
. .

f t i t i
.

erse u on ( i ) Th o n o us e be e n o r mu l a e d aga ns t h e e a rl e r
fi t d t w ld xp l i t h p h
. .

rs a e ou e a n e ra s e s cc i pi t
Ma a be a n h gh r e s s , t h e d a e o f t
th t a bvi a rel y f Ch i ti o i gi ou s o r s an or n t c pt c t v
h e s e h a e rs a n n o h a e b e e n e a rl e r i
an d th f c t t h d t cti f
e re e re n es o e e s ru on o t han the fi tc t
rs en ury B C t
Be w ee n
t m pl d t h c pti vity f t h t v
. .

th e e e an e a o e 1 60 a n d 1 00B C h e re w o u l d h a e b e e n
J w B t ( ) ft 70 th q t c
. .

e s u a a er A D e re n o a de u a e
gro u n d s f o r s u h a n e m
ch
. . .

w ld h v b
ou g a d f e e en n o ro u n s or s u a b itt e re d att c ii i
a k o n t h e He l l e n s n g h g h

v i l t tt ck
ru en pp i a t xt
a as a ea rs n o ur e p i t ic
r es s wh ip c
h h a d a lr e a d y b e e n d s l a e d
on t h S dd c e p ty f a th t h
u ean ar or W i e a n d w h os e e v i cti v iti
l a e s w e re a ti
h ng
d t cti
e s ru f t h T m pl on od f J e e e an o e ru o f t he p tas ( 2 ) In x q t ti
5 a u o a o n is
l m t h y l t ll i fl c d di f xxx i x ti
. .

sa e e os a n u en e an s m a d e ro m 1 E n l 54, b u t h s
pp d f m h i t y A c t y cti c itt ti
. .

a e are ro s or en u r se o n o f E n o h w a s n ot w r en ll
l t t h Mi h w th m
.

a er k e ly by
s na no s e on 1 64 B C a t e a r l e s i t c
( 3) Th e h a rge o f
t d ti ( b) A g i ti p ti c ific p ic
. . .

ra i on g d th a n as re ar s e e a ng or o n s o f t he s a r es in u bl
ch g f p c ti g t h igh t
.

ar e o e rs e u n e r e ou s, it t ct
w h h a rl o s w a s a u a ll y r u e in t h e t
b ro u gh t i t xt g i t t h S d n ou r e a a ns e a c x
a s e o f A l e a n de r J a n n aeus Se e n o e t
p i t it i l y c y t xiv
.

d uc ea n r e s s, s on n e e s sa r o on 5
v th t f m 63 —t h pp i t c vi c pp
. .

o b s er e a ro B C e a o n Th u s t h e b a l a n e o f e d e n e a e a rs
m t f t h Ph i ic Hy
. .

en o e ar s a rc a n u s as a fv
t o b e in a ou r o f t h e y e a rs 70 50 B C -

v l ki g by t h R m — t h t c p iti
. .

a ss a n e o an s e a s t h e da e o f o m os on On the .
 LE V I — CH A P T E R X IV . 2 -

tra n sgre ss aga in st t h e Lo rd ,

en d y will tra n sgr e ss ag a i n st
e

stre tchin g o u t han ds to t he Lo rd stretchi n g o u t ,

wick e d n e ss [a ga i n st Him] ; h a n ds to all wick e d n e ss ; a n d

a n d to a l l t h e G e n til e s sh a ll you r br e thr e n sh a ll be p u t
ye b e co m e a sc o r n . t o sha m e b e cau se o f yo u ,

a n d to all t h e G e n til e s shall

y e b e co m e a scor n .

2 . For th e r I sr a e l is p u r e from t h e tran sgre ssio n s

our fa
o f t h e chi e f p ri e sts [who sh a ll lay th e ir h a n ds u p o n t h e

Sa v i o u r o f t h e w o rld ] .

I
a
BS AB

3 . Fo r as t he hea 3 . The h e av e n is 3 . My childre n be ,

ve n is p ure r in t he p u re r tha n t he e a rth , y e p u re as t h e h e av e n

o th h d if w m igh t g d t h
er an t g l yi g h d t h L d
e re ar e ra n s re s s , a n an s on e or
v ty w k ll w ic k d I f th i d i g
,

ph ras e
“
se ly
en i ee s as an e ar n a e n ess
”
s ren er n

c t i t p t ti b q tl y l b j tifi d t h
.

u r re n n er re a on w su m t se u en a on e can e us e en e us

a pp i g i t h B k f D i l d j ct x ip éd h h
ea r n n e oo o d d an e an re e e as o ur e s an ren er

q t ti i x 5 f m 1 E t g g i t th
,

th e uo a on n L d i ro ll n
“
ra n s re s s a a ns e or n a

l xxx i t dditi it ic k d ld t h b t
. .

54 x b q as a su se h ue n a on, w e n e ss a s ou en e ra n s

b l i v th t t h l t d t g g i t th L d
. .

“
w ldou t b h d t no e ar o e e e a e a e ra n s re s s a a ns e or

H l l i i g h i gh p i g ilt y l yi g h d i w ic k d
,

e en s n h db r est s p h im
a e en u a n an s n e n ess u on
”

ti g t h T mpl c ific l g A = t g ll t h h th
.

o f ea n e e e sa r es a on
“
ran s r e ss as a e ea en
w ith t h i p m e r ar aw i l l d A 5) o u rs d y .
h d y h ll o an ou r an s ou s a

( ) A A d th l l w ic k d
“
1 Th f ere or e l y B m L di n
a
( A ) e re ~

y a on ou r o or n a e
. .

f t i
.

o re , A 8
”
d wlg S 1 “
lg o
(A m
an no ll ee no e n
i n e ss n a
x 5
.

Cf P x l i v l 3 l xx i x 4
.

.
A scor n s

BA S dd f m A m v
.
. . . . . .
,
H
t h w iti g f E
e
l a ve t
r
ea r n

c h g i t Th i c l i v
n o no
2 4t
a
i h t d t y
a ns
l
a

a
“
ro

e
“
o . e rse s -
o w s o e s ro

th t f ll w t f
.

n us e .

wor d s a d i o o a re no ou n n
E c h t h gh w m i g h t c m p
no ou
2 P f m
e
t h t g i
o a re
. u re ro e ra n s r ess on s

x ci 6 x ciii 9 S T L
,

( d p b a ? ij d B t ) Cf Ka a s rr ) r s oe
-
e as
1 E
T Sim v i 1 f i m il t t t
. .
n ee ev
x 5 t
. .
, . . .

m
.

. . . or a s ar s a e en .

.
,
no e .

0f t h m T i f th hi fI i t
g ( A ) B
e a S es a g p o ra n s r ess on s o e c e r es s .

d i th m lv f
. .

T i h L d d Th w d w l e se es re e r
g
ra ns g t t r es s a ( e j a ns e or a e se or s ou n
'
O GT G é iKpb n
‘

Cf J
v t ii q ll y w ll t t h p M cc b
u z
n er e ua e o e re - a a ean

8 iii 1 3 f th i p h p i t d t t h l t M cc b
. . .

or s ra se r es s an o e a er a a ean

B t th f m p t x c
.
, .

T ra n s i t t h L d t t h i i l d d by u e or er s n ar e u e
g g r es s a a ns e or s re c
th d t
,

i g
n t h d
ou t ll wi k d an s f th b k o da 5m k c e n e ss e a e o e oo an v er a es

it c t t w it h
.
,

( d Bjae e K
r o er e
p b x pi e m6
‘
l h wu t h v uh t d e as e ar a e a e e re o o

B d hh é m
ow e s i y l a d B i
v A l x d oJ Ka K
,

oe e V e an er an n a eus

Ch i
.

i th
s l
e u s ua d i g f m d x ip
re n [ W h h ll l y h d
er n o a g an e as o s a a an s, r s

éd M f hw BS cf J b xxv iii
xe w o ti i t p l ti
'
1‘ n
I
o an n er o a on .

I f t h cl K la i v i i d bt dl y t h
.
, .

x ip e 3 Th
a us e e a s ae s e a e rs o n s un ou e e
igi l it h l d b d d b v cl t I t t x t h
.

or na s ou e re n e re d d as a o e e ar e s s e as as re n e re

It m t h w v d m itt d t h t
,

c ct d i t w p i t
.

b v
.

us b o e b
e r, e a e a a o e een orr e e n o o n s

it l d b m t lt t lt F it d
, .

h v “ “ H
w ou e ore n a ur a o ra n s a e or ea en re a s sun , t . e .
 56 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
Lord s sight than t h e a n d ye the lights of is ( pure r) than t h e
’

e arth ,
so also be ye I sra e l are I a s s u n earth : a n d ye who , ,
‘ '

t h e lights o f I sra e l a n d m oo n are the lights o f I sra e l ,

.
,

( p u r e r ) tha n a ll the shall b e ( as t h e s un

"

G e n til e s . an d m oon .

4. Bu t if ye be 4 W hat will all t h e 4 W hat will all the . .

darke n e d throu gh G e n til e s do if ye Ge n tiles do if ye , ,

tran sgr e ssio n s what be d a rke n ed throu gh be dark e n ed through

, ,

there fore will all the tran sgr e ssio n s

,
Yea tran sgre ssio n Ye a , ,

G e n tiles do li v in g in ye shall bri n g a curs e cu rs e s will com e u p o n

blin d n e ss ? Yea ye u p o n ou r race b e caus e you r r a ce a n d the , , ,

shal l brin g a cu rs e the light o f the law light which was gi ve n

u p o n ou r race b e cau se which was giv e n to thro u gh the law to
,

the light of the law light e n e v e ry m an this light e n you a n d e v ery

-

which was gi ve n for ye shall d e sir e to de m an ye sh a ll desire

to light en e v e ry m a n stroy by teachin g c om to d e stroy a n d t e ach , ,

nNos ich i c p t f
wo w} w h w ti dc v t s T J d xv iii 3 6
orru o r n‘p
'

z on a n o e o u sn e ss u

t t
. .
.
, ,

h v m
’

o fip b av s (
“
Th ea g y en l y h i sob h e n o an r a n c an ru see s ro er s

sa m c e p ti i f d i LXX i J
orru f c T D ii 2 ( f T B j iii
on s o un n n 05 a e an o en

iii 2 9 E ccl i 1 3 ii 3 iii 1 i m H c t h i w lk t h i

. . . . . .
.

v e s. th d y n so e en e e s n n er a e n e a

Ag i th t h igh t T J d xv iii 6 O
. . . .
, ,

MSS f p a n i th or
“
u rer an e as n e n u n

t d t t c d i v th
. .

p
. .
,

th it d 0 p6 e i
.

ear rea th hs h Ka a rr 1/ e o er an r u e re en a n e r e
7 7 s 6 ,

c t
.

wh é l i)
e re rr
y Tp f ” w y d k d l igh t th t h
ua n, orr u or a a ar n e ss an en e ne e

r m
i :
y w = ép m 7 7
or i
s nn B y T G d v 7
v1r S l th y t 7 v as n e es a ee a so e n o e on

iii
. .

xv
.
.

A g d th v
s re i B dAar ls
3
e e rs o n s an
8
as
. .

c m p d w ith it migh t b g d B
o a re a T xt h 6 ép (i mi e ar ue eca u se e as 1r n! a s

d i g f
.

th t th y h v p v d t h p h
a e a e N5 3
re se r e e ra s e re n er n o 1W
'

) .

w h ic h pl c d Cf W i d xv iii
”
d m
“
su n a n h oo n , Th l ig h t f t h l w a a s re a e e o e a s

w it h ti — ph I P v vi
. . . .

“ ”
ll t h g la 4 6 d¢ 6 p
e bu
en 6563 es a rase 7 a 7 ov v ov 9 n ro

f m t h xt v Th i 2 3 t h l w i l i gh t Th m t p h
. . .

“ ”
d ra w n ro f e ne e rs e s, o e a s e e a or
c i p ibl b t t h y t d f l igh t i ft pp li d i p i it l
. .

our s e, s oss e, u as e s an o s o en a e n a s r ua

b th v i c pt A t h cf I ii 5 P c x i x 1 05 “
o e rs o n s a re orr u s e sense : s s
= d 6 ij k = i a m c pt f
. . . . . . .

”
sun :s Lig h tLo s t lig h t r Dr y m (¢ o rr u or o en eve r an ws
H c
. .

“
D Dt‘
m d d yen th e l re n 6
er, an e, e e s w a x/ 7 s
l i gh t ) th
.

f I s l o (p th
sr a e St J h i 9 b d
”
, a re t x t ij
u re r an e . o n . 13 ase on o ur e : v

su n a n d m o on 6¢ 6 h 6 ¢ w l§ mi d dp 7 ws 7 a 7 ei x
/7 a v wrro v
c t y
. . .

4 If y b d k d th egh t e T hi g
ar mm d m t
en e r ou ra n s ea c n co an en s on r a r

th i v y f d f t W c t d t mi w h t th
.
,

g i
r es s on O ur au or s er on o e c e anno e er ne a e se
c t ti g l i gh t d d k i th i p cific ll y wi g t w t fd c
. .

on ra s n an ar n e ss n e r s e a w e re o n o an o o u
re a l ti t ion d i gh t o Ts nm t Th
an l t M cc b r h i gh e o u s n e ss , en s e a er a a e an

x i x 1 A l l k i d f i b l i d t h p i t w h w v ch g d b y t h
. .

L ev n s o s n n e r es s ere , o e er , ar e e

mi d T R b iii 8
.

Ph i w ith b ki g t h c m i l
. .

s ou l or n T L eu ev. a r se e s re a n e er e on a

x iii 7 x i v 4 ; T J ii 5 H t d l w Th t t h F t f T b cl
. . .
, .

os v a re a us a e ea s o a e rn a e s,

mi d T D ch w h i pp c i d p l m
. . . . .
,
. .

an d g d kan th er arwh en e n an e re ea or s er a rr e a a

4 T G d iii 3 v i 2 f ic cit A l x d J
.
,

1 1. . l a d .
, . w a so orn a an a ro n , e an er a nn a e u s as
58 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
and d a u ght e rs o f t h e G e n tile s shall ye t a ke to wi fe
t he ,

p u ri fyi n g th e m with a n u n lawfu l p u rifica tio n ; a n d yo u r

u n io n sh a ll be lik e u n to Sodo m a n d Go m o rr a h 7 And . .

e sh a ll be p u ffe d u b e c a u s e o f yo u r p ri e sthood lifti ng

y p ,

yo u rs e l ve s u p again st m e n a n d n o t o n ly so bu t a lso , ,

a g a i n st t h e co mm a n ds o f G od 8 For ye sh a ll c on t e m n . .

t h e holy thi n gs with j e sts a n d l a u ght e r .

X V Th e re fore t h e t e m p l e which t h e Lord sh a ll choos e

.
, ,

shall be laid wa ste thro u gh yo u r u n cl e a n n e ss a n d ye sh a ll ,

be c a p ti ve s thr o u ghout a ll n ati o n s 2 A n d ye sh a ll be . .

a n a bo m i n a ti o n u n to th e m a n d
ye sh a ll r e c e i v e r e p ro a ch ,

D gh t au f t h G t il er s h ll y o G ti l e t f c d (Y d i 4
en es s a e en es w as no e n or e a v

Th p h i b iti t i t Ki d d v yc vi 61 1
. .

t k t wf
a e o i e. e S J wi h E
ro on o n er ee e s nc

y w it h t h C it i f d i
. . . . .

m a rr e U i a naan H esth i
s f o un n n on er e e s n o
D t v ii 3
en ( Cf G xx i v 3 ; xxv i m i x d m i g l en. m t b e a rr a es a on e s ee s o e

xxvii 4 6 t ) Th g d f d t Th w it g d t h m
. . . . . .

34 ; e c e rou n re e r r e o e r er re ar s e
t t d f th i p h ibiti w th t
.
,

i f l t h S d m itic m ti
. .

s a e or s ro on as a as s n u as e o o e n or i es

c h i t m i g w l d l d t F t h m p h l gy i m p l y i g
.

su n er ar r a e ou ea o or e sa e ras eo o n

i d l t y ( D t v ii 4 ; M l ii
o a r eu g i f i mp ity P S l ii 1 4 a r oss s n s o ur ss o
Th i p h i biti
. . . .

p d d i t h 1 5 xv ii 1 7 ; A p c B l 1
, . . .
,

s row on as sus en e n e o ar x.
c c p ti v w m d i g w
.
, . .

Cf J d 7
.

a se f o a a Lik e t S d m o t an ur n ar e un o o o e c u e

( D t xx i 1 0 t
. . .
,

eu F mE w d G m h B dd
ro i z ra o n ar o orr a a s n ra n s
th i p h i biti w xt d d t ll g i
. . .

s ro on as e en e o a re s s o n

G ti l ix 1 2 x 10 1 1 N h
.

en (E es zr a
7 Y p i th d ( d A )
- -

B d e

J bil — c t m p y
ou r r es oo
. .
, a
x
. -

t h p i th
. .

I n u d e es
d a on e ora r re a e r es oo
w k w it h t h T t m t —w
.
.

or th
e es a en s e se e e
L if t i g p y l g i t m n u ou r se ves a
lt cti th t f l l w d ( s a ns en
re s u f th s o e r ea on a o o e
a t m
on th xc e c mm itt d b y t h
e e sse s o e e
a c .

H ll e i ien s n
g J w h i c t v tie s,
8 F w y h ll
o n
t m t
o n ra ( ) en on
. or e s a con e n, e c . a .

c g i d l w f t h ti m B B Bei g p ff d
“
to th e re o n se A d a p y
o h ll e e re a n u e u e s a
“
j i d t h m l v t t h h th
o ne e se c t m ( f b d g d m ck A
es o e ea en
”
on e n a e re a
“
o
” 3
’
i 1 5 Ab d 36 S h di t b h ly th i g t ig
.
,

(l M th a z ar a
b an
“
s ur
a ce o e o n s, urn n

t th m t l gh t w ith c t mp t
. .
,

J b xxx 7 (
.

”
I n my u se e no e e o au er on e

xxx 1 0 w ith bbi ic p ll l )

. . .

on C t m th
ra h ly t h i g n
( th ar a e s on e n e o n s or
“
e

gh t
,

g v hi d t mp l cf
.

an y m wh an ot a e 6 dy ) s F ph
au er o a e e 7 ta or ras e

G ti l w t d S B t h l t 2 M i v 1 4 W i d m x i v 30
. . .

en t b e as o e s o ne ee er o e a ce s o

iv 1
.
, . . . .

St ll e g dun I d F mder sr XV 1 2 I t k th v
eu en re en , a e e se erses as a
v 2 ; J wi h E y v i 6 1 0 q
. .
, -

fi d p d icti
. .

. e s bnc c . . s .
on a e re on .

P if y i g t h m w it h
ur n l wf l e an un a u
1 Th t mp l w h i h t h L d h ll
d w h ich
. e e e c e or s a

Cf x 5
our ifi ti caTh w
on ese or s a re
h
f d i BA m itt d b y Th i
.

c o os e . . . .

m
oun n

i g i d btf l I t i p ib l Th ct
a re o
Sh ll b l id w t
e
C f xv i a
4
. e r
a e a as e

i w t
. . . .

ean n s ou u s oss e

th t t h T t m t h j i
.

h y l d d e san uar w a s so a as e u n er
d
A ti c h i
a e es a en s e re o n an s
l M
w ith t h B k f J b l t ly
E p ip h 39 n o us a nes : a ce
e b il i oo o u e es n a so u e
. .

p h ib iti g i t m i g ith G ti
'
6 yl u b iy n pn fidn b t png 7 oL
'
aO
'
a a r s uc L s o s.
w l
A cc d i g t i v J
ro n n er ar r a e en es

B t it i c l th t c t i
.

38 wh d d or n o en u as an
l f
hi f ll w t l m th y
,

J
.

u s ear a er a n ru es o

p ific ti w
ur a g d d
on i
f
er e re ar
d e as an n
s o o e rs e n e re e ru s a e e

a d q e t p p ti f
ua e ch m
re a ra
d 6 a yt
on or n p usu u é
a ar
o un 7
‘
a aa a n w uo u.

i g
r a I e l t tim t h p h i biti
n a er Y l es ( ) S B
e A B ro d on ou r u n c e a n n es s a . re a

i t i it c v t c
.

a g t
a ns i m g wn erh d arr a l e d p A B
) on er e un e a n ness an ra in e .
 LE V I — CH A P T E R S X I V 7—X . V .
3 59

and e ve rl a sti g sh a m e fro m t h e righte ou s j u dg m e n t o f G od n .

3 A n d all who hat e y o u shall r ej oic e a t yo u r d e str u cti o n

. .

4 A n d if y o u w e r e o t to r e c e i v e m e rcy thro u gh A br a ha m
. n ,

I s a ac a n d J a cob o u r f ath e rs
,
o t o n e o f o ur seed sho u ld be , ,
n

l e ft u p o n t h e e a rth .

X V I A n d n o w I ha v e l e a r n t that fo r s e v e ty w e e ks ye
. n

sh a ll go astray a n d p ro fan e t h e p rie sth o o d a n d p ollu t e t h e , ,

sacrifices 2 A n d ye shall m ak e v oid t h e l a w a n d se t a t

. .
,

n o u ght t h e words of the p ro p h e ts by e v il p e r v e rs e n e ss .

A n d ye sh a ll p e rs e cu t e right e o u s m e n a n d hate t h e godly ; ,

t h e words o f t h e faith fu l shall ye abhor -

.
3 [A d a m a . . n n

who re n e w e t h t h e l w i t h e p ow e r o f the Most High ye a n ,

3 Wh h y ( f )
o S b d A
a te
g
B c ific ou d
a h e lt W it h sa r es 0. re a s a ar s

t hi d i g f 1 M cc i v 38 cc
.
. .

re a d wh o se e ou d s re a n o a a or
y
w h ic h J d d h i f ll w
. .
.
.
,

Sh l l i g t
j i a t y d t
r e o ce at i ( ) ou r es r u c on a n o u as an s o o e rs

f
.

BA ’ d3
h ll fl
rea f my “
sTh
t hi p f
d
a
6 ()
ti ee i B B ro
h /é
A ti c h
b t
ou
”
e
o un 7
’
va La c r r ov e n w L z’ o v, u

v i ti i f m IV
.

m t h v
w d t s r o a na on as ue o n o us
ar a on s ee s o a e a r se n ro a

c f i fm d
o n us on o 1
M k
”
an
i d th l w d t t ht
.

4 If y w “
t t i me er e n o g
o r e ce ve er c
a e vo e a an se a n au
y
if it w
.

” t h w d f h i p p h t by
1 il p e or s o s ro e s ev er
( ) BA S
“
th gh d
t f
r ou

th k f
a .

C f 1 E" x ci x
re a
2 w t
ere
ver s en es s n
“
oe o

t t
. . . .

no or e sa
h m wh
e o
p .

v th w d f p S e o er er e or s o u
O d (
ur h
s ee dA d
i g ht
0
1
d t g th tc
l
2 ’ re a
r n e ss an rans r ess e e e rn a
d Bd S my x c v iii 1 4 ci v 9 1 0
“
y ou r se e d A -
see o ”
l w l
c d i g t Bd t h x t mi ti f t h
. .

a a so .
,
.
,
.

or n o -
e e er na on o e
BS “
d c d t f L v i i d ig d B y il p i ( ) A d ev erv er s on a re a
Th
.
e s en an s o e s es ne e

t di g m i gh t b im i l l y p v i
.

h b A B m er e rs on , o
o er re a n y s e s ar .

i t p t d th g h th y migh t l
n er re e P ou t ig h t m e Th i a so ers ecu e r eou s en s

f t I l
,

ch g i b gh t g i t t h S d d c
.

re e r o wh l sra e as a o e ar e s rou a a ns e a u e an

p t y i 1 E ciii 1 4 1 5
.

XV I l I h . l t . H a ve ea r n e re ar n n

w it h h it ti
. . .

v
.
,

B A BS dd i t ha b k f E
“
c h 3 n I h e m oo o no
”
a e so e es a on

c t t i v h i t
.

a g i ta ns A h ppa l y i d f cti v b k
<JIL d un h a i C s e e e ra e e s e rs e as a r s ian

d m it i t p l ti c t by
.

h e re an d w o i th s
“
an l no n e n er o a on , or e se as re as

b k fE oo ch th t B t t h f c Ch i ti c i b I h v w itt t h
o no a
”
u e re e re n e r s an s r es a e r en e

t m i ly f m t h t dp i t f
.

i cl ly f m D i x 2 4 wh h
.

n o es a n ro e s an o n o
s ear ro an e re t e

v ty y mi h it th i l tt lt ti v Th mi i
. .

se en f J e a rs o e re a are n er s a er a e rn a e . e o ss o n

p t d
re e t b v t y w o k f y e f t hse v en l d t ll y d m g
ee s o e a rs o e e rse w ou no re a a a e

l xxx i x 59 v t y h ph d t h c t xt
.

I 1 E
n n se en s e er s, e on e .

v ty p t
. .

t th
e e se g l f th
en A m wh a ro n w th th l w an y e s o e an o rene e e a e

ti m ti c
. .

na on s d t a re h h ll c ll
en d
on e i W h v o w os e are s a a a ece ver e a e no

c mm itt d f ti m f di c v i g t hi f c
, .

I l w
s ra e as o m e or a e e an s o s o er n s re e re n e

C ld O i f d t p y
.
.

P f th
r o a ne
p i th d Cf N h e r es wh oo e ou n a s, o r e u se o ra

x iii 2 9 I I t h h i gh p i t
. . .

. f Hy d or rc a n u s e r es an

t i t i t
.

p
.

P ll t oth u e ifi i by p h i e s a cr
y g A b
ces, l I I d e a s ar a a ns r s o u us an

lt cl
.

h i p ty th p t d
. .

p hi g th
ro a c wh
n Cf e a ar d w en u n e an s ar an as e r eu on s on e

S l v iii l 3 e t t h ? Th i O i
. .
, ,

P ss . o 6 d t h m n a w ou m 7 s vo a s e ean ere s n as was co

ii 3 éBéB h i gh t
. .

b m
’

BBfl wh
’
L s
p Ir e a e 6 m m r xa : t d n o vv 7 L e or a e as a r eo us an o se

vi i 2 6 p y w ff ct th G d cf
.

6 bp L 0 0 i} e d / i m
a 7 0 60 u l ue L a i ra e rs e re e e ua W i o : .

A t xiv 2 l 2 f
. .

éut a va v 6 fiy é wm / J 7 L La O
’

O if
n z/ a 7 i c wa n os n r w e re e r
t h ch p t t t h c d c t y
. . .
.
,
.

70 0 6 i} A 60 M i : 1 F ss . os .
V . . or ese a e rs o e se on e n ur
60 T E ST A ME NT S o r T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
sh a ll ca ll a d e ce i ve r a n d at l a st ye shall r u sh ( up o n h im ) to
slay h im n o t k n owin g his dign ity takin g i n n oce n t blood
, ,

throu gh wick e d ne ss u p on yo u r he a ds] 4 A n d you r holy . .

p l a ce s shall be l a id w a st e e ve n to the gro u n d b e cau s e o f

+ h im 5 A n d ye sh a ll h a ve n o p l a c e th a t is c l e a n
. .but ye
sh a ll be a m o n g t h e G e n tile s a c u rse a n d a dis p e rsion u n til ‘

He sh a ll a g a i n v isit yo u a n d in p ity shall rece i v e yo u ,

[thro u gh fa ith a n d wat e r] .

X V I I A n d wh e r e a s y e h a ve h e a rd c on ce rn i n g t h e
.

B C i t th p m gh ll d d t b i 38 t h x c ti f t h m d
e erson af u e o e v. e e e u on o e ur e re r o
h i gh p i t O i O i c dd
. .

th e wh I II i
r es n as os e n as s re or e

f d t i D i x 26 g h w ick d
. .

m d ur i er s Thr e er re ( B o A n an r ou e n es s a

x i 2 2 ; 2 M i v 33 36 d i th gh y w ick d
. .
,

a ce -
an s ro u our e n ess

i cl d d m g t h Ch id i 1 E
. .
. .
,

I
n u e a 4 A d ( Bb A )
on bS m e das s n n n e 0. re a s
xc 8 J h wh w l i by h i
. -

t y d i g w h ic h
. . .

or os d I ua o as s a n s an sa un o ou , a rea n
y
b th J h t h h igh p i t i t h m y b b w d f m t h NT I t i
.
.

ro er o n e r es n e a e orro e ro e s
t m pl O cc t f th i m d th d i th T t
.

e e n a o un o er
.
t l wh s ur no e se e re us u se n e es a
th p pl w
e eo l v d d th e m t e re ens a e an e en s
t m pl p ll t d by t h P i A t
e e o
B
u e
f him ( 6 6 S
e
ll
e rs a n s, n

xi 7 1
.

eca u se o L o a
. . .

t h it b t g w h ich d b c au or ies u re a s
“
e a u se
I th np w f t h fl f t H ig h
e
f it
o
( 66
er
If w
o
m 3
e os
o
”
L e o ver
f t h M t Hi gh S ch pp T t
. .

3 “
( B a A d w h ldre a d g (
o e os .
e s ou re a as so na , es .

A m
“
o XII P t i h p a r a r c s,

Th f ct
. . .

Y h ll ll
e s d i a ca
L id w t B AaBS dd p ll t d
ece ver e a a as e a
“
o u e
th t c ll d i M tt g i t A
.
.

a L d i o ur or s so a e n a “

xxvii 63 ( é Z 0 h d ) d
.

‘ a a ns a .

h f ith
Ke vo s n uo s ren ers

t h i cl p ici
.

s a u se s u s
5 R i y [ T h
o us g d . ece ve ou . r ou a an

w t ]
.

l
B A S ; b t A m
l I “
Y h ll e s h ( p him ) t
a l y him rus S u on o s a a er o a -
e u e 0 .

f Ch i ti i i
.

( ) BA S B Th w d g e se or s a re o r s an or n
d h ll l y h im
.

a .
y
W c ld h w v
re a
i p t d f d
e s a s a

) pp
e ou o e e r, n ar e en
31
t h i p c w i h t xt ; f
,

J
“
as y ( A e A y h ll su
i
o se .
: e s a
e r r e se n e n a e s e or
l y h m
s a Th v i t BA 5 m y
i
b p ti m w e
l dy i m g th
ar a n s
3
a a s as a re a n u se a on e
i th gh d itt g ph y i J w t t h b gi i g f t h Ch i ti
.

h v a e ar s e n rou a o ra n e s a e e nn n o e r s an
th H b we th m y b d
e re
;
o r raA t i l i er
th J wi h a e ue to a e ra see r n oc n e e s
Ch i ti c ib S my T xt i l
,

N x t i 4 E i x 7 xiii 2 3
. .

r s an s r e ee e n oc
E y
. .
nc c e n z ra

w fi d t h t f it h i
. .
, .
,
Dig ity ( BS d d n ) A a
I
f th m
V G T n/La b ii c d e
e n a a s on e o e ean s
t h gh m i t l
.

rea d d d u o va a wf l v ti d th t G d ro ui ll g d a s ran s a o sa a on, a n a o w ua r

ti f d d nu A 6
on o fi m u th w h p JT a k d f ith“
LKa Lo o i un os e o o sse s s w or s an a

c pti f t x t i S l A p c B l i 1 6 2 1 ( t
. .

b t i m
u ly s e re a orru on o e n ee a so o ar v no e

i m y d iti ) l vi i 2 t
. . .
,

A b ié c de n
. e on , .
,
e c .

T ki g i a t bl dn p y XVI I Th i i m t i t lligibl
n n ocen oo u on ou r s s a os un n e e
d p ch p t fi t i v
.

“
h d ea A dd
s . th h d “
a Th s an u on e ea a er e rs n ne e r se s are

ith d f cti v l y t mitt d

.

o f y ou r Th w d m t
s ons e se or s se e o e er e e e ra n s e or a re
d p d t M tt x v ii 2 4 2 5 i t i i t h t x t h vi g t k
.

b e e en en on a . x .
, an n r u s on n e e a n a en

pl c f cti w h ich t ll y
,

6 0936
’ ''

n d b 0 5 th ' '
: eL L a 7 0 a LiLa r o s 7 01 r o v e a e o a se on n a u ra
7 6 lg 6 0 p iyud
a a i é ia 6 l d 70
p t v ’
ec 10 11
’
Th y w s Ka rr 7 . e u o e r se s e e re
ld h w v p ibly dd d t t h m ti m x
.

r é n di
Kz/ a W h a hr e s ou o e er , o o ss a e a e sa e e as
v t h t J ph ( A t x i v 2 I 2 ) x i v —xv i
,

tl y Th igi l
.

s er e a os e b q us n o r su se u en e or na

v th t G d v g d i m m di t l y t x t
.

w it h
. .
, . . .

o b se r es a m o 10
a Then e e a e e re su es ve r e re ar e
f O i f d t mi i g t h d t
. .

th m d e ur d i 2 M er o m n a s, an n ac e . n o s u re ea ns o e er n n e a e.
62 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R IA R CH S
tak e n hold o f by dark n e ss 7 Lik e wis e a lso t h e six th a n d . .

t h e s e v e n th 8 A n d in the s e ve n th shall be s u ch p oll u tion

. .

as I ca n n ot e xp ress b e fore m e n for th e y sh a ll k n ow it who ,

d o th e se thi n gs 9 Th e r e for e shall th e y be t a k en c a pti v e

. .

a n d b e co m e a p rey a n d th e ir l a n d a n d th e ir s u bsta n ce shall ,

be d e stro ye d .

1 0 A n d in t h e fi f th w e e k th e y shall ret u rn to their

.

d e s o late co u n try a n d shall r e n ew t h e ho u se of t h e Lord , .

1 1 A n d in the s e v e n th w e ek shall c o m e p riests ( who a r e )

.
,

idolat e rs a d u lt e re rs lov ers o f m o n e y p ro u d lawl e s s

, , , , ,

lasci v iou s a b u s e rs of childr e n a n d b e asts

, .

X V I I I A n d a fte r th e ir p u n ish m en t shall ha v e com e

.

f ro m t h e Lord t h e p ri e sthood shall fail , .

2 Th e n s h all t h e L o rd ra ise u p a n e w p ri e st
. .

A n d to h im a l l t h e words of t h e Lord sh a ll be
r e v e al e d
A n d he shall e x e c u t e a right e o u s j u dgm e n t u p o n t h e
e a rth fo r a m ul tit u de of days .

3 A n d his star sh a ll aris e in h e a v e n a s of a ki n g

.
,

1011 -
Th e s e t w o e rs es I re ga r d v c t h i p l c b t k by t h
e a se a n d e r a e e a en ano er
i i t xt w h igh p i th
.

as b e l on gn g t o t h e o r g in a l e Th e y an d ne d -
r es oo

p t cti c pp t
. .

are

iv i
ar o f a s e

c ti p i
on w h i h a

it i t
are n l y 2 15 A M -
i ic h ym w itt i e ss an n r en n

t i t ch d d i t c h
.

d d e d a e r a n e r o d o f h s or y n o r s i s an s i s
v
.

se e n w e e k s I s e e n o m e a n s o f dis } S 3 I
2 Th (B )
“
A d d
cv i ti c
.

en a. re a s an
th
. .

o e r n g t h e d u ra o n o i e a h o f t h e

w e e k s in q ti
u e s on v
Th e r e is, h o w e e r,
A
en

wp i t
.

Cf v iii 1 4 cc d i g
iffic t c ii v t
.

ne r es a or n
w h ic h h i gh p i t h d t
. . .

no d ul y in r e o g n s n g t h e e e n s
t ne w
f ti
re erre d t o in t h e t w o w e e k s m e n o n e d
th
o

M cc b i t b
a

t bli h d
-
r es oo ,
. e .

in t h e e t xt w it h
e

w m i
a a

p i t f th
ea n , s o
“
e es a s e

t N i
.

a ne na e, e r es s o e
eh e m a h
. .

1 0 Th e r e u rn o f E z ra an d
ic ti t p M t Hi g h G d A8 m t h p it h t ”
.

os o l c e e e
a nd th e re d e d of th e em le,
b t it i f
. .

a on

E z ra vi ci c
l 5 s qq ( r a 51 6 Cf
w
ne d i B8 u s o un n a
1

xxx i x
. . .

1 En l 72 s q E t j dg m t x ecu e u en

i v f
. . .

1 1 T h s ers e re e rs t o t h e Hel l e n is m l t it d f d y S 9 u u e o a s . e e v e r. .

c if pi t j i it
.

in g h e r es s who o ned w h 3 Hi t h ll i Cf T J d s s ar s a a r se u

ti c tt c xx v 1 B th p g
. . . . .

A n o h u s E p ip h a n e s in h is a a k o n b d 1 o assa es a re a se on
N xx i v 1 7
.

J i
.

u da sm . u ni . . .

S th w k ( BA l S )
even ee d I h P 3
ibly e fip mfi i a re a s n ea ven o ss u o a s
p tl y v ti th w k c p t f é lp j y O f T J d
. .

c orr u se en h e ee ere orr u or v e rv u

i c
. .

xx v p
. . .

“ 1 wh th m I “
A d lt u ( )
er er sB A S d a g re a c on e re e sa e a ss a e re urs
w it h 6
.

t ti
.

en o ns
”
ip j y 12 e rv .

XV I I I 1 2 Th H ll i i g d -
A f e k i g ( h i d n e B
) b S
en s n an s o a n ca e
1

i mm l Z d k it h igh p i th d w il l ki g
. . .

“
ora a o d
e -
r es oo re a as a n .
 V
LE I —C H A P T E R S X V I I —
y XV I I I . . 6 63 "
.

Lighti n g u
p t h e li ght of k n owl e dg e as t he su n t he

da y ,
And he sh a ll be m a g n ifi e d in t h e w o rld .

4 . He sh a ll shi n e forth a s t h e s u n on t h e e arth ,

A n d sh a ll r e m o v e a ll dark n e ss fro m u n d e r h e a v e n ,

A n d th e r e sh a ll be p e ac e in a l l t h e e a rth .

0 . Th e he a v e n s sh a ll e x u lt in his d a ys ,

A n d t h e e a rth sh a ll be glad ,

A n d t h e Tcl o u ds shall r ej oic e ;

n d t h e k n owl e dge o f t h e Lord sh a ll be p o u r e d forth
[A
u p o n t h e e a rth as the w a t e r o f t h e s e as ,

A n d t h e ang e ls o f t h e gl o ry of t h e p re se n ce o f t h e
Lord sh a ll be gla d in h im .

Th e hea v e n s sh a ll be o p e n e d ,

Lig h t in g up th e l ig h t of kn ow l ed g e t he la tt er may h a v b e e n a orru

e on o f c p ti
i p t t
.

”
h r as e ( d w r tgwu ai d} : 'yvoi o e ws ) of him
’

Th s In ha
'

x ct it c j ct
.

”
l y w h t h e LXX o f Ho s s h a ll
“
a g re e s e a a se be gl a d is t o b e re e e d
ti t
.

x 1 2, w h ere t h e He b r e w re a d s rm a s a n a dd i on W e sh o u l d h e n re a d
ti ti x t
.

v
.

”
1 9 3, ll y e t h e u n ll e d g ro u n d B ut . An d t h e h ea e n s s h a ll e u l in h is
'
t h e LXX ( ¢ L07 LJ a 7 e (p6 33 'yz/ Lbo e w s ) d a y s,
re p re se n s t
t he an e n ci t t
r an sl a o n o f ti An d t h e e a r h re o e b e a u s e o f h im , t j ic c
the p a ss a g e f or t h e Syria c n wr tfe r e An d t h e a n g e l s o f t h e gl or y o f t h e
{ha ir ip/ h a un d da , a n d t h e Tar g Jo n
T
’ ’
. . p c
r e s e n e o f t h e Lo r d sh a ll b e
gl a d
u 6L6a xi7v 7 00 li b/L o u in h im
‘
0 7 nplf e r e 7 n
'
The .

t xt cc it t i c p
.

p h ra s e in ou r e h a s a l re a d y o ur re d W h h s o m a re 1 E n 1i 4 ( e m e n d e d ) :
iv cc j xi ti p t i
. .

in 3 I t o u rs in T Be n 2 in I n h os e d a y s w l l t h e m ou n a n s l e a
it p t p c t i
. . . . .

a n n er o la e d a ssa ge O n a o gn a e l ke r a m s ,
i t x iv ip i i
.

p h r a s e “ l gh o f t h e l a w se e 4 A n d t h e h l l s a l so w il l sk l ke
ic c it i ti fi
.

p
.

B u t s n e t h e He b re w h ra se re urs in l a mb s s a s e d w h m l k ,
Jer i v it p i t t it
3 is o s s bl e ha wa s a fc
A n d t h e a e s o f a ll t h e a n ge l s in
c t t t t i t it i
.

v
.

u r re n on e, a n d h a our a u h or h a s h e a e n w l l b e l gh e d u p w h
n ot c ci on s o u s l y d ra w n o n t h e O T j y o

f
. .

A s t h e s u n th e d a y E m en d e d r o m
A d t h k w l dg f th L d t
.
n e no e e o e or e c.
Cf I x i 9 Th i v i i t p l t d
,
h i a bf nh iw nuépG Z m n WDWJ ,
' '

‘
s s er se s er
c pt f cti v
n o a e
t bv
. . . .
.

a nd de e e f or m n we e
'

S
i
o r ru /3: ee n o e a o e
S
.

I) : 6 it o s ( gbwr ige L) 7 ij u na épa v

‘ ‘
L ce g
6 Th h h ll b p
.

d Of e ea ven s s a e o en e
S
.

6 v 1 ; T J d xx i v 2
AB
. .

re a d Lbs é v ij ht q) i m épa ( huépa s c ) I G

.
11 . . u n en
1 1 it i id th t t h wi d
, . . . . .

7 00 iyh l o v
'

( 59 eu ue o niLB pLg 611 637 e In

’

f v 1 1. s sa a o ws
iv vi i
.

, e n o
h v p d i P l m 23
”
a s t h e sun
“
3 Le
. is sa d t o b e w ea en ere o en e n s xx v
f h v ; i E k i l th
. .
,
t o I sr a e l .
th d e o or s o ea en n ze e

B S ti h v th m l v t xt
.
,
.

I n the w o l r d A B 1
a dd “
un l i ea en s e se es as n o ur e
c i g i t
.

f th p g i th
.

hi s a s e n s on B t i a a ns a u n n on e o ese a ssa es s e
5 Th i t i v y c p t Th p i g f t h h v
.

s s an z a s ci t d with
er o rr u e o en n o e ea e n s a ss o a e
f th l i i i t i it i t v ic f m h v Th t p ll l
. .

o ur ne s an n r us on , as s ou a o e ro ea en e ru e a ra e s,
f t ch ith t h c t x t d g i t th f t t t M tt 1 6
.

o ou w e on e an a a ns er e ore , o our ex a re a 11 1

th p ll l i m 1 7 ; Mk i 1 0 1 1 ; Lk
. .
,
“ ”
e Cl
a ra d i qbéh
e s ou d s, e ve aL 1 11 an
c t b i gh t S i c péh m p T J d xx i v
. . . .
.
, . .

an n o e r . n e ve c a i z
n n, . u . .
64 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R IA R C H S
A n d fr o m t h e te m ple of glory sh a ll com e u p on h im
s a n c t ifi c a t io n ,

W ith t he F a th e r s v o ic e a s fr o m Abr a h a m to I s a ac
’
.

And t he glory o f t h e Most High sha ll be u tt e r e d o ve r

h im,
s p irit o f u n d e rsta n di n g a n d s a n c t ifi ca t ion
And t he
shall re s t u p o n h im [in t h e wate r ] .

F m th ro t mp l f gl y e S B th Q 1
e tt d i f v
e o f J h or ee a 0 u ere n a ou r o o n

T l m d ic q t ti t w it h by h ic h h w c c td
.

a u i uo a Hy on n no e on rc a n u s, w e as on se r a e

th f th v ic
e a Cf v 1
er s
’
h ly t hi
o ffic b i g dd d by G d
e
” “
o o s o e, e n a r e s se o as

t mp l ( t ) c w by Ab h m i
. .
,
.

e e no e I sa a as ra a e as a son

Th c cy f ch b li f c
. . . .
,
“
S t ifi t ianc ( dy i w ) ca O on ao a r c on e u rr e n o su a e e can a use

c ti d iffic l t y c id i g t h p t
.

s e ra on no u o ns er n e re u e

Th B t h w h ich J h j yd
.

W it h t h F t h Hy
’
i e a er s vo ce e a o n rc a n u s en o e as a.

f d t A w ll p ph t Th J ph ( A t x iii
.

Q 1 i h0 s e re re e rr e o e ro e us o se us n

th tic t d i t c f th i v ic i 1 0 7) y t h t G d w w it h h im d
. . . .

au en a e ns a n e o s o e s sa s a o as an

c d d b th i J p h w th f t
.

re or e od th b l d h im t k
n o se (
us fi an e e na e o no e u ur e a vu v

T lm d a i c cti w ith J h y ap 3 93 o
u n on n e i ip 63
on hh o w o n 04 7 T Ka T ! 1 V ,u e ur
'
v

Hy J ph w it ( A t péy
rc a n u s. os e p lx us t 93 idé
r es n n u wo w r a e
‘

eu ci / 1
'
T6 e ua t .

x iii 1 0 v y p i i g Cf B ll J d i 2 8 bulk y ap 3 43
.

N o w a er s ur r s n e u ( et (1 1 7

th i g i l t d f th i h igh p i t o d nom b Mndé 63 h h o

. . . . . . .

re a e o s r es ou ur w v
'
n s T at o s v 7 v ue

h w G d c m t di c W it h t h div i tt c
,

Hy dy
‘

r c an u s , o i ) o a e o s o ur se u oe y is ne u e ra n e

th h im ; f th y y th t t h dd d t Hy m i gh t
.

W i or e saw m a on e a re s se o rca n u s e co

v y m d y w h ich h i
er sa e f gh t p t h p ph tic cl d d d t
a on s s on s ou a re e ro e ora e a re s s e o

w it h ( A ti c h ) Cy i n ho Sim i P cx
us z c e n us , e was on n s

t mp l h i gh p i t T h d i g ti
. .

l
a on e i h n t e e e, f J h as Hy r es e es na on o o n r c an u s ,

ff i g i c v ic b y B th Q 1
,

o er n d h d n e n se , an f G d c ld
ear a o e a a O as a s on o o ou

th t h i h d j t th v c m h d ly f il t h v M i ic ig i
,

a s so n s a us en o er o e ar a o a e a e ss a n s u

A ti c hn (d fi
o p n I i
us id fi
Ko z o e t e ( a w s, ( ) : o « a es ca n c e .

mj W fi ) S t h B th Q 1 i
’
a fi fi ro dp i
ue ut O A t x ) xa o w V i r ws T V vr o ou
o ce an/ g o e a O s
t f th f m t h
.

M tt ii 1 7 Mk i 1 1
.

A d wh n h w en e d d i en or ro e re n e re n a i
t mp l h m d it k w t ll t h Lk iii 2 2 A v ic f m h v
. . .
, .
,
e e e a e no n o a e s o e ro ea en
m l tit d d it h pp d th t it ( gb my é i} ép fi) i J h x ii 2 8
. . .

‘
u u e, an a ene a so w K To o a vo n o n
f ll t Th m v t i c t d v ic f m t h c l d ( 4 t e 3
e ou e sa e e en s re oun e “
o e ro e ou
”
) x
.

r 79
T lm d S t h i x 1 2
.

t h n ) M tt xv ii 5 Mk i x 7 Lk
“
i th J
n e er It
a u o a ve c e
’

s a
d th t ft t h y t h h d i x 35 I t h c f t h B th Q 1
.
,

h pp
.
. . . . .

a en e a a er e ou s a
n e a se o e a 0 a
f th t w with A ti ch ( d v ic th i g
. .

g on e or o ar h d b t n o re a o e w as e ar u no n seen as
“
A ti c h n th
o h i gh p i t J h
us i S l v i i A ct i x 4 7 ; xx ii
e r es o n n au
’
s s on s
B th Q 1 c m f t h
,

7 9 ; xxv i 1 4
.
, .

Hy h d
rc an u s ear a a 0 o e or

f m t h h l y f h li
. .
,
ro o o o e s, a n n ou n c
e
F m Ab h m t I B
i g
n th y : th h v b v ict i
‘
e ou s a e
( A
een
) df
or o u s
ro ra a o sa a c . 0a
Afip dp m
’
3? i wh
m ch d g i t A ti c h (
a . Ka ere
W h
A ti c h
o ar

A d th y w t d w
e d a a ns
pt b t w t k
n
by t h
o re a
« ; u as a en o er

c t cti
‘
n o us
MSS n
f
e
o Th
ro e o n

d d t mi d t h ti m h b g d A fi as a on ra on o 7r a r
'
s us
p .

th h
e o u r, an e er ne e e, ’

o i
d th t t th i v y h
p a re a . wa r s e s
an d f
v ict y h d b w or
ou n

a Cf J m
th a
c een
pa
t b t pp t s

on
df
er o ur

o
e

a
orr u u su or s 0 a .

i x 2 ; S t h xxx 1 x l viii 2 ; S h t xt i p c li
. .

7 Sh l l b lt d ( pn d j ) Th . a e a er e r o er a t . e
o a an

xi 1 t (S D b g E i
.
.
, . .

e s e u ar .

e c ee ere n ou r ssa s ur

p 74 ; l
. .
, ,
’
l hi t i l l
s o re P l ti oe a Th p i it f
a es d t
n e, di g Cf a so e s r o un er s a n n

I xi 2 x li x 3
. .

A bb t
.

l o d w k F m L tt
’
s e a rn e t 1 E
or ro e er o s . . n. . .

[I t h w t ] A Ch i ti dd ti
,

Sp i it 1 41
r q 42 5 qq ; J w i h s s e s n e a er . r s an a i on
ii f d i ll v i
, .
, .

E ync c d i ll MSS ou n n a e rs o n s an n a

Th i v p i t t m b t f th G k
. .

s m t e r se se e s o o n o so e u e o e re e .
66 T E ST A M E NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
l a wl e ss sh a ll c e as e t o do e v il
And the .

n d the j u st shall r e st in h im ]
[ A .

A nd h e shall o p e n t h e gat e s o f p a radis e ,

A n d sh a ll r e m o v e t h e thr e a t e n i n g sword a gai n st

A da m .

A n d he sh a ll gi v e to t h e s a i n ts to e a t fro m t h e tr e e
of li fe ,

A n d t h e s p irit o f h o li n e ss shall be o n the m .

A n d Be liar sh a ll be b o u n d by h im ,

A n d h e sh a ll gi v e p ower t o His childre n to tr e ad

u p on t h e e v il s p irits .

A n d t h e Lord shall r ej oice in His childr e n ,

A n d be w e ll p le a s e d in His b e lo v e d o n e s for e v e r .

[A d t h j t h ll
n t i Him ]
e h usi p Ch i ti
s J wi h l it t
a r es n ere n re - r s an e s era ure ,

T b o m itt d w ith
e o i t p l ti e th i cti i ig d t t h M i h
e a s an n er o a on s a on s a ss ne o e e ss a

ll l i m i g i t it A d y t th thi g p i i g i
. .

Th p e ar a e M s s i a a ns or e n e ere s no n su r r s n n

v th xp ct ti th t t h M i h h l d
.

o er f efi i th
u se th o Ka r a r oz o o vc w n e e e e a on a e e ss a s ou

s en se o f h ll t i th i l i s d abi d B li res if t h igh t w n t s ne an n e a r, e r e ous ere o

i th t f
n a h ll c o i th p c d st d d f t d l v t h vil
a ea se n e re e re a un er oo an ru e o er e e

i g li
n w ld b
ne t g S ch pp p i it I t h NT it i Ch i t th t
ou e s r an e as na s r s n e s r s a

v c m th t g m d bi d
. .

( p it 42 ) m k
o c re ar s o er o es e s ron an an n s

t h im cc di g t M tt
. . .

10 A d h ( t y fi b) n S e Ka '
e a 29 L k
r s ee no e a or n o a x ii u e

g l th t b i d S t
.

x 19 d
. . .
,

o n ver 8 an an an e a n s a an

d c t h im f i t th
. . .
,

Op en P di H ly i a ra 1 000 yse ere on n an as s or e ars n o e

J w i h l it t i th i t c ib d t p it cc di g t R xx 2 3 If t h
.

e s era u re s s ac as r e o a or n o ev e

i h Of 4 E v iii 52 v bi t xt f t t h M i h w m igh t
. .
, .

th M e e ss a z ra o s e re e r s o e ess a e

i m p t t p di c m p th i x l t d c c pti w ith
. . .

en a Sib O
er u s e s a ra su s r . o a re s e a e on e on
iii 769 q i é x th t i 1 E l x ii 5 qq l xi x 2 7
.

’
s tg nr o er o
'
o wo ew a n n s
di w i ll cc d i g t w h ich h i t p
. . . . . .
, ,

[ dp m ix
ta x P wu ers. a ra se a or n o e s o o ss e s s

pp v g i t G h ft t h i v l d mi i j dg m
.

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fi l j dg m t 4 E
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,
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Ad m P b bl y w
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igh t w h t d d w th p i it
.

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m han e re r e ous o re a o n e se s r s
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l i t f m f t h i d ct i
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.

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.
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 LE V I—CH A P T E R S X V I I I . Io —X I X .
5 67

14 . shall A braham a n d I saac a n d J acob e x u lt

The n ,

A n d I will be glad ,

A n d a ll the sai n ts shall cloth e th e m s e l v e s with joy .

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.
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th e re fo re for y o u rsel ve s e ith e r t h e light or the dark n e ss

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e ith e r t h e l a w o f t h e L o rd or t h e w o rks o f Be l ia r 2 And . .

his so n s a n sw e re d h im sayi n g Be for e the Lord we will , ,

w a lk acco rdi n g to His la w 3 A n d th e ir f ath e r said . .

u n to th e m Th e Lord is witn ess a n d His an gels are

, ,

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in g t h e word of yo ur m o n t h An d his son s said u n to h im : .

W e a re W it n e ss e s 4 A n d th u s L e v i c e a sed co mm a n di n g . .

h is s on s a n d h e str e tch e d o u t his f e e t I o n t h e be dl a n d w a s ,

g a th e r e d t o his fa th e rs a ft e r h e h a d li ve d a hun dr e d a n d ,

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THE F O U R TH SO N
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fo u rth s o n born to m y fath e r J acob ; a n d L e ah m y m other

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, 5 . .

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6 . .

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( h m w h ich m c pt A c ld
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re a d n e a e re e se es e see s orr u ou
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. .

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l b d d i ép p a so e re n e re nr 0 12

Cf xx i 5
. .

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ea r en , t J d h Th c h lt b ki g
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xx ii 3 S c ll d i B b l xxx i
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,

y f th
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y k w m y ch i ld th t
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7o T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
sheath e d in ar m o u r again st ou r flocks a n d m uch p e o ple with ,

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,

s m ot e h im on t h e greav e s a n d dragg e d h im dow n a n d so I ,

slew h im 2 A n d t h e other t h e ki n g o f Ta pp u ah as he
. .
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abo e v
t h y br e h r en , w h h I ook o u t o f t ic t o urt xt d i J bile an n u ees is t o ra id the
t h e h an d o f t h e A m or e w h m y s w or d it it fl ck f J c b i t h
o s o a o n e t
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a n d w h my bow it ”
I n t h e se o n d c t x t mi t J b
o e er na e ac o a n d his son s

c t ti Th i
.

pp
.

e n u ry B C h s l e g en d h a d a l r e a dy 0f H a z or s n ame a e a rs as

t it tt c v
. . .

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’
b e en e l a b ora e d n o a n a a k o f se e n
it i Jc
.

(it re a d s r ev Eu a = 1 ns n =
”
A m o r e k n gs o n t h e s o n s o f a ob
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t h e on e as
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.

p
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-
Th e ers on a l n a m e o f h s k n g w a s Pa ra
t c f t
. .

s o r y is l e a rl y r e e rr e d t o in Ta rg h a b o ( Midr W aj j is a n d Ch r on J e r )
x iii i ti
. .

J
. . .

J on on G e n lv 2 2 , w h l e in t h e or Pa ra t h on ( Boo k o f a sh a r ) On h s
c p ti v i ic t ic ti
. . . .

o m a ra e l y l a t e w o rk s , t h e M dr a sh Haz or w h h is w e m en on e d in t h e
J
W aj j issa u ( e l lin ek , Beth h a Miobra sch , -
T e l A m a r n a Le e rs , se e E n cy B ib a n d tt
iii ic J ti t
. .

1 t h e Ch ro n l e s o f era h m e e l Ha s n gs B ib D ie t in l oc a o mi s

xxxv i it i v f f t t xt
. . . . .

is g e n in a u ll e r or m h a n t h e n a me Haz o r o w in g t o it s wr on g e
t xt J iv t i
.

in o u r e I n t h e Boo k o f a sh a r in 2 O n t h e n a m e s o f h e se k n g s
c t ti xxx i v t
. . .

( se e Fr en h ra n s l a on , Dict d es se e J ub 2 8 n o es -

ii it fi t t
. . . .

Ap o cr 1 1 73 1 1 8 4 ) n d s it s m o s -
Smot e h im on t h e g r ea ves I n s ead
t t t v p t K xp ct
. .

e l a b or a e an d l a es d e el o m e n of il n/1 250 1 3 w e sh o ul d e e Kurjua s, ‘

cc t i it i
.

S
.

Th e s e a o u n s a gre e in t h e m a n w h “
l e g s , a s in A (ERA 1
re a d
“
se z e d

c t v c tt t iti
.

”
e a h o h er , b u t a ry m u h in s a e m e n s h im a n d s m n g ( h im ) o n t h e l e g s
ti t i
.

o f de a l To h e s e w e sh a ll d ra w -
J
2 6 I n t h e M dra sh ( e llin e k , B h a M -

tt ti p c cc t
. . . .

r o e ed
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a en o n a s w e iii 1 ) t h e a ou n is A n d h e sl e w a t
fi ti t i c pt t
.

t tJ
.

I I I Th e gh n g in h s h a e r ak es t h e ou s e a s h u b , kin g of Tapp u a h , w h o

p c i S c
.

l a e in t h e n e gh b ou rh oo d o f h e h e m cv f f t i
w a s o e r e d r o m h e a d t o o o in ron
cc i
w h ere , a or d n g t o t h e Mid r W aj j is a n d b ra ss , a n d w a s r id in g on a h or se

Jc c
. .

a n d t h e Bo o k o f J a sh a r , a ob a n d h is ( mo a m ) , a n d o u l d h u r l h is j a velin s
tt
s on s h a d se l e d it t f
( mu n min r m) w h b o h h a n d s ro mp

v c ti ti v
.

1 5 Th e se er ses on a n a n arra
-
e h ors eba ck in f r on t a n d behin d ( ma n 5 320
J t t i v i
.

'
mn n a n d n e e r m s se d h is a im ,
’
of u d a h s s l a u gh e r o f h r e e k n g s , b u t x
it t
in re a l y on l y o f t w o ( s e e n o e s on e rs v t t
f o r h e w a s m ig h ty in h is s r e n g h t o
i c t it t
.

2, t h e k n gs of Ha z or an d Ta pp u ah as w h bo h h an ds J W h en u dah

i
.

t ifi
.

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cc t t i t
.

of J a sh a r n o a ou n is a k e n o f t h e o r h is m gh p He s ra n g u p a n d ra n
i t i c i p ti t
.

k n g o f Hazor, b u t h e r d e s r on o f t o m e e h im, ( a n d ) h e t ook up a s ton e

J ’
c t it
u d a h s e n ou n er w h t h e k n g i of f
( 13 x hm ) r o m t h e gr o u n d w eig h in g
Ta pp u ah a gre e s a l m os t v ti it e rb a m w h s ix t y sh eke ls a nd h u r l ed i t :1 5w
v t xt t
e rs e s 2 5 o f o u r e -
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t t i t tf p t t t
.

q v
.

a l s o r e u ire s u s t o ak e h e se e r ses a s d s a n ro m him t w o ar s o f a res , h a

ti i
re l a n g t o t h e k n g o f Ta pp u a h on l y c
is, 1 77% u b s it
An d h e a m e t o me e c t
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.

J
.

1 Th s e rs e , w h t h e e e on o f u d ah l a d in r o n a n d a s n g a e l n s
f it
.

p J
.

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( na n) him w h t h e
t cc t
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i i
.

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ki g t
.

J
.

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n u dah ra n and s ou gh t o s l a y h im
J b xxx i v 2 f f
.

C it
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xl vi ii 2 2 Mi d h t t f t
. . .

p
.

T g J
ar G on on en ra s h e m a d e h a s e a n d s o o d u on h is e e
xxxv i th y
,

c t
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J
.

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c ll d A m it k i g ; i t h B k f
.

i i t i
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,

a e or e n s n e oo o him sh e l d ag a n s sh e ld, a n d h e d re w
J h ii 1 1 73 C
as ar it d Am it a n a an e an or e t
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bj ct i i
.
.
,

Ag i t a nsfl k Th ou r f oc s e o e o head An d J
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th i tt ck f t h C it k i g i
.

t t
.

s a a o e a n a an e n s n m e e t h e s r ok e of t h e sw ord a n d he
 JU D A H —CH A P T E R S III . 2 4 7I

sa t u p o his horse [I sl e w a n d s o I sca tt e r e d a ll his p e o p le

n , , .

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n

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,
n . .

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cl a ve th e sh iel d in t w a in t W ha t d id in t h e i
M d ra sh W aj j is ( se e n o e on
J d h th ? H d ck d h i h d ( v
.

J
.

u a en e u e s ea so erse s 2 6) a n d t h e Boo k of
-
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Ch r on J t x t f Mi d h c p t ) ( Di t d Ap ii 1 1 74
er e o w h ic h
ra s o rr u c es oc

d m t him w it h hi i th
.
, . .

m pl y t h v y p h v
. .

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of hi f t f m b v t hs ee kl ro d d ppl y th m l l t t h ki g f
a o e e an es, a n an a e a o e n o

th h f ll t t h th d h i
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f ll f m h i h d A d h p g p Th i
,

ph
.

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( 0 A x bp B h ) i p t f t h
. .

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an d ou o s ea n e e as 7 1! c a ot ea s ar o e

( j m ) th i t p l ti f d t i th l t
.

t ipp i g him f h i
s r n m o s ar ou r u p ere n er o a on r e e rr e o n e as

c m g i t h im i f h i mp
a e a a ns t Si c v n ne o 2 5 f ly t s co au no e n e e rse s -
re er on o

th fi t d w J d h t h k i g f T pp h ( p c d i g
.

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l if t d t d m t him t ) m c p ti d li A ch
.

e a s on e th an s o e on e n o es so e orru on u n er es or

d hi h i l d f l l f m h i h
.

h d ea an d
s s N w Ax p m e e c pt f ro s an o ui
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,

d J d h
,

an u a se z e an a e a s an ‘
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g i t th igh t A d L v i hi b th fi ké Th th
re .

a a ns e e n d e i s ro er us e se w or s a r os e n
d c m d t d b id
.
aai a

c p t d itt g ph y f
.

d w re n ear an
th H b w a e an s oo es e
e e re as a o rru o ra o
h im d h h t
an w d l w
e s
th p i g w d f 2 W h th i
o an a rr o an s e e o en n or s o ve r en s
ki g f G
,

A d J d h l w pp tly p p i td
. .

Il on h
n o a as m w n u a s e
a a re n ro er na e as n ser e
i gh t
.

a ll t h e e
i th t x t it b c m c y t e e e a e n e e s s ar o
2 5 A cc d i g t k t xt
n
.

b i g J d h c m b t w ith t h ki g f
,
-
th G or n o e re e e
r n u a
’
s o a e n o
d th A m i d Sl v ic v i
.

an e r
T pp h t
en a n a n cl i 2 a H c on e r s on s
a ua o a ose n v er en e
h v h cc t f J d h t h dd iti th w h ich m y h v
. .
’
w e a e e re an a o un o u a s
e a on er e , a a e
l
s au ght f tw ki g
er th ki g
o f b m do ith i t h H b w
n s, e n s o
e en a e e er n e e re or
T pp h d A ch i gl b q tl y i t h G k ’
a ua ( Axd p) i an or i n s n e
su se u en n e re e
c m b t B t i c th w
.

ly l
u
BA S m
o a s n e e re e re on
[f d ( ) o un o
v k i g i ll ( J b xxx i v 2 Mid
a
.
. .

se en n s n a
Bf u
d b hi d h t h r.
e or e a n e n as e sa on ors e
d i c J d h h
.
.
,

an l dy b k ( BA S )
s n e m it b t t h w d
u a as a re a
ac
I
a. o s, u e or s
k i ll d t h k i g f H f d l i t h Mid W j j i
.

e i e 1 dn o azor n ve r an
are ou n a so n e r a s
tl y k ill f k i g i i v 1 Ch J
,

b q
.
. .
,

su se u en s d B k f J h
ou r n s n
ro n er an oo o as a r.
d J c b k i ll t h k i g f
.
.
.
,

( Bg A S )
-
an
Sm t ( a o
AS é d f ) f9s e n o
o e so
I
rr ra a a a
S h i l i iii 7 v c t
,

I h v gi v i
.

o n 2 5 d Bé d erses -

P bl y ca n re o u n wx a , a e en oss
l y t h d th f ki g
, re a
v
.

c t
.

on e M ea
Bew o
( b d on e t h ) i n p f ore o e r,
e ic k et s o rr u or
1 i t d c ti v f é p a
.

ve r th n ro u
w h ic h m y h v b
es e b f n a rr a e o
K a a e e en e or e
J d h xpl it w ith t h m ti f A S O th w i o vx a ,
.
x

mm c pt f
’
u a s e o s e en on o I ‘
o rr u or
er se
ki g Th i c cl i i I t h Mi d
. ,

on ly t wo n s
é d S s h W jj i on u s on s W n e ra s a s
c fi m d b y th f ct S t
i Ta a
ni j n
.
.

t
.

on r e o
( er a 2) d i Ch s J e e n o e s on
se e n o e o n v er an n r on er.
v
.

th i H b w v b i d i t h i
. .

e rse s 2 3 , .
s e re er s u se n s c on
2 Ki g f T pp h n Hi m o
ti a
B t h w ua w t cc t f s na e,
n ec u o a re e o a ou n or
cc d i g t t h b v xt ct w A S b i g igh t if t h c p ti on
. .
.

a or n o e a o e e ra as I
e orru on a r o s e
, e n r
J hb as u .
i th H b w n e e re ?
,

2 [I l w d I tt d ll h i m it t hi v t
s e an so s ca er e a
gh h m t
s
.
,
4 h ” . a o s s e r se ro u .

b h b* Cd e
(h d A d th i ) “
e n
a
ca
B
g re a
d Ax p
e r ' ’

Th i cl di t bi g
A
.

( T h i ) t h e s o er -
e re a oJ
p pl ] i
.

a
eo

d d iti V
e

on.
.

2 5 ( p c i g pti
d
s

( A B
e rse s
N x
a us e

p ) w h ic h
-
p ts

se e
a s ur

re e
n

n
a
’
ui ,
re re s e n s a c or

no e t ) c t t h d th f re o un ki g f w
e g é pea
i 3 o on e n ru on o n z
'
re ov a s n v er . .

Th i t l vid c
,
'
no t f tw o o f Cl hi
e h i ld i
n e rn a tw i I th e en e o a ve s s e n a n. n e

t h t xt i c fi m d by t h cc t Mi d h W j j i ( t
.

e e s on r e e a oun s ras a s . s ee no e on ve r .
72 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
o ff his fe e t a n d kille d h im 5 A n d as I w a s stri pp in g off his
, . .

breast plate behold n i n e m e n his co m p a n io n s b e g a n to fight

,

with m e 6 A n d I wou n d m y ga r m e n t o n m y h a n d ; a n d
. .

I sl u n g sto n e s at th e m a n d kill e d f ou r of th e m a n d t h e , ,

rest fl e d 7 A n d J acob m y fa th e r sle w TBe e le sa t h ki n g

.
’
.
,

of a ll t h e ki n gs a gia n t in str e n gth twel ve cubits high , ,

.

8 A n d fe ar fe ll u p o n them a n d th e y cea s e d warri n g

.
,

a g a i n st u s 9 Th e r e fore m y fa th e r was free from a n x i e ty

. .

in t h e wars whe n I w a s with m y br e thr e n 1 0 For h e . .

s a w in a v isio n Ico n c e r n i n g m e l th a t a n a n gel of m ight

followe d m e e ve rywher e that I sho u ld n o t be o ve rcom e ,
.

I V A n d in t h e so u th ther e ca m e u p o n u s a great e r
.

w a r tha n th a t in Shechem ; a n d I j oi n e d in battl e array

with m y bre thre n a n d p u rsu e d a tho u san d m e n a n d sl e w , ,

o f the m two h u n dr e d m e n a n d fo u r ki n gs 2 A n d I we n t . .

Ch r on J d B k f J h er it i L d f S h il
an f cc d i g t t h
oo o as ar s or o o o r, a or n o e
J d h h i l d th t i cl ft by h i Mi d h W j j i Ch J
. .
,
’
u a s s e a d Bk s e s ra s a s r on er an

pp t w h cc di g t th J c b l w t h ki g f S h il
.
, .
, .

f J h
.

o on e n o, a or n o e se o as a r, a o s e e n o o,

au th iti w J h b or es, wh as m w Z as i ( Mid u ose n a e as e r or r

Th i cl J —B it M m MS)
. .

A d kill d him n i Z h i ( Ch
e s a u se s e or r on er r u se u

gl y t p d bf
.

f J h )
. . .

“
w r on d I ra n s Ih i ( Bk os e e or e an or ur o as ar

c l v by B d t h m itt d
. .

“
d 9 Wh ” S b 1 I bh fg
a e an
( B A ) e
hA an o e en c C a e

v t h igh t d
.

A p d b c
. .

r e ser es e r or er “
.
re a e a u se .

5 B . tp l t ( 6 6p ) Th H b w
r ea s a e
I h ll t b c m ( BA S )a xa . e e re s a no e over co e
J
a.

ld t ch m
.

h - ”
as
i w ii 1 .
d h re a s n on e s ou ou e

Mi d h W jj i Ch
.

Ni ( A w f t d i th
ne e fg r as a s r on .
I V Th
, .
, e a r ar e n a rr a e n e
f J h ) p c d i g ch p t t k pl c i t h
.

I
J er B k oo Bg S d o as ar -
re a re e n a er oo a e n e
i gh t A
,

v
. .

e ,
”
- e
ighb h d f S h ch m
fg se en .
th ne o ur oo o e e as e

fi t t c f t h i ch p t i m pl i
,
6 A d I w d ( )n
B d I oun a re a s
“
rs se n e n e o s a er e s.
d th f
. .

w ou n e r e or e I th i ch p t t h fi gh ti g i i
”
n s a er e n s n
A cc di g t
.

F f th m
ou r o th th e ighb h d f H th gh or n o e e ne ou r oo o a z or , ou
th iti h kill d t h
.

H b w e re au th i cit y i t m ti d F t h
or es e e e re s s no en on e or e
m i i g igh t H t h Mi d h Mid W jj i i mm d i t l y ft .

a n n e er e d e r as r a s a a
.
e a e er e

c i p ti f t h w i g d Sh ch m
. .
,
W jj i a Ch sf J d B k f r on o er an oo o s r on o e ar r n r ou n e e
J h c t L vi l gh t f t h p c d A d b f t h city H
.
, .
,
’
,
as ar r e o un e s s au er o e ro e e s :
“
n e ore a z or
e
ki g f Gn h o a as t h c m p th m v w e re a e u on e a se e r er ar
A cc d i g t
.

7 J b l w
a co th ( i m m s e
m) t h t w h ich or n o an n a n nnn
‘ ‘
nn ; a a
t h Mi d
. .

e h W jj i d Bk
ra s f J h th y h d w g d w ith th m i t h v ll y
a s an o as ar e a a e e n e a e
J c b l w f th k i g b t cc d f S h ch m S l t
. .

”
a o s e ou r o er n s, u a or
2 o e e ee a so n o e o n v er
t xt it i J d h th t did f v t i p
.

vd
. .

i g t
n o our e
Th m d s u a a so e sa e or er o e en s s r e se r e
iv 1
.

S ee . .
i th Ch J d th Bk f n e ro n . er . an e . o

My f t h ( d A B
) Bd A S
a J h
er o e -
e1
“ I
as ar

f th mit
. .

1
rea d ou r a A d f er ki g ( BA S ) n o ur n s a o s
m d d t xt b v
. .

TB l th ( ) A ll t h
ee es a MSS d w gl yc I th e an r on n e a en e e a o e
V i c pt th t J d h l w t h k i g
.

w h v
.

ers on s h f
a re d er e orru a a rea e a e se en a u a s e e n s

d J c b
.

Bh e d b B hw
taa A B h d t f H
ee d T pp h ( 1
'
a,
- a
e ta oa e c o a z or a n a ua an a o

m t b c pti t h k i g f Sh il h H c J d h
.
, ,

All se e f bw o e o rr u on s o a i
e n o o en e u a
24 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A RC H S
th e y that were up o n the w a ll thin kin g that w e w e re ,

al o n e iw e re draw n do w n l again st u s 4 A n d so m y
,
‘ ' ' ‘

. .

broth e rs s e cre tly clim b e d u p t h e w a ll o n both side s by

stak e s a n d e n t e re d t h e city whil e t h e m e n k n e w it n o t
, ,
.

5 A n d w e took it with t h e e dg e o f t h e sword

. A n d a s fo r .

those who h a d tak e n re fu ge in t h e t o we r w e s e t fi re to t h e ,

towe r a n d took both it a n d the m .

I
s A S

6 . An d we re d e p art as we we re d e p a rt 6 . And as we

in g t h e m e n of Ta pp u ah in g t h e m e n of Ta ppu a h
s e iz e d o u r s p oil a n d s e e i n g se t u p on our , s p oil a n d ,

( this ) w e fo u ght with th e m d e liv e ri n g it u p to ou r so n s .

7 A n d w e sl e w th e m a ll
. w e fo u ght with th e m a s fa r

a n d r e co ve re d o u r s p oil as Ta pp u a h 7 A n d we . . .

slew th e m a n d b ur n t th e ir .

city a n d took a s s p oil all ,

that was in it .

3 4 I -
th Mi d h Ch n J w
e t p t th t p f th t w
ras d ron . er en u o e o o e o er an

th i p ctic lly l w 2 00 m
,

f f th t
.

f J h
.
,

an d Bk o as ar th er e s ra a s e en on e r oo o e o we r

th i g c p d i g t t xt h i h bit t f t h city th y
. .

no n o rre s All t hon n o o ur e e re e n a an s o e e

c pt d t S im il l y i Ch
.

”
3 W d w d w er e( BS ) A ra n o n 0.
I
a ur e e c ar n ro n

J xxxv i 7 I t h Bk f J h
.

p l g d th w
. . .
,
“
re a d s ro o n B t e e ar u er n e o as ar,

m w h ich m y b ii 1 1 77 t h
. . . . .

é qb k u bn
e x o aav Di t
z l
ia Ap'
a e c or c o es ocr e one

pt f w h ic h w it h w ith t t b c m t
, . . .
,

ru or h d th or ou o w er as e o e w o, a n e n a rra

b t th m lv tiv i l ik xp d d d
“
ap n p p dif rra er a ur o d g se e se es e n a e e re e e an e an
z

in a rra y
— ph wh ich cc th a m b ll i h d
ra se o ur s re e e e s e
f tim i th i Mi d h b t t gi v cc t h BA S
.

l
or ou r es 6 7 n s ra s u no -
a e s on e a o un er e ,

i th i c t x t d t h Mid h g i p ti g th I m
.

n s a se , a s o u r e an e ra s a re e n r e se n n an o er n so e

d iv g h p ct i t h m cc t b t t h
.

er e ere res e s a s e or e a u ra e u e

4 Th t x t f ll w BS x c pt th t l f ll p t th m f
.

I
e e o o s e e a ess u at re re s en s e en o
b th cc di g i c yi g ff
.

T pp h
.

1 “ “ ”
S d
rea ll f s i d
a or o a. s e a ua as su ee n n a rr n o

m y b th c tl y t h p il d t h f J c b
.

f ti
ec ved an so re re n se r e e s o an e s on s o a o as

b th i d f t h w ll w ( i ) c v i g it ; b t BA S d c ib it ,
1
on o s es o e a e s c re o er n u es r e

t d i t t h city A B t ll tt m pt w hich f il d d w
,
” “
e n ere n o e : u a as an a e a e an as

b th b th id fi x i g i f ll d by t h d t cti f T pp h
.

our re re n on o s es n n o owe e e s ru on o a ua

t k w t d t h cit y wh il t h
.

s a es e e n e re S i d ( é l dB e S ) H e e e ze 1r e \ o uT o o a e e re

k w it
, . .

m en t ne
B A8
no d t p ( é éB k ) -
a s
1
re a
“
se u on
”
rr a ou

Th c pti i ti v t t h G k
. .

5 H i g t fi t th
av n t w w se re o e o er e e orr u on s na e o e re e

Th t é k iB c ct v b w
. .

t k b th it
oo d t h m ( B)
o d an i e a re a s a rre a o vr o
-
s a orre er e

t w ith fi d w t k l l
.

w b e u rn f m t h Mid W j j i
re a n m
so e oo a se e ro e r a s ‘
WJR s'

p p l d l l th i p i
.

f m
.

th e eo e an at a m d
e r l o ss e ss o n s ‘
a or b u
a n, an a so ro

c p t Th Mid W jj i Ch xxxv i 7 Bk f J h
.

A i h s ere o rru J e r a s ron er o as a r,

c t t d v g i t Di t d Ap ii 1 1 78 Th ph
. . . . .
. .
,
“
re oun s Th y e s oo o er a a ns c es ocr e ras e

th m t h t w b f J d h d c d c i v i 3 w h t h G k h
. . . .

e on e o er e or e u a re u e re u rs n e re e re e as

tw ft w d J d h h Bi h ixu h l p il
.

th e A d o er . n a Th
er ar s u a a s u T u a a wo av . e s o
 JU DA H ~
CHA PT E R S V .
—
4 VI .
4 75

VI . wat e rs o f Ko e ba t h e m e n
An d wh e n I was at the z ,

o f + J ob e l c a m e a g a i n st u s to b a ttl e 2 A n d w e f o u ght . .

with th e m a n d r o u t e d th e m ; ra n d th e ir a lli e s fro m Shiloh

w e sl e w 1 a n d w e did n o t l e a v e th e m rp o w e r 1 to co m e in
,

a g a i n st u s 3 A n d t h e m e n o f IMa k ir c a m e u p o n u s t h e
. .
‘ ‘

fi fth da y to se iz e ou r s p oil ; a n d w e a tt a ck e d th e m a n d
,

o ve rca m e th e m in fi e rc e battl e fo r th e re w a s a h o st o f :

m ighty m e n a m o n gst th e m a n d w e sl e w th e m before th e y ,

h a d g o n e u p t h e a sc e n t 4 A n d wh e n w e ca m e t o th e ir . .

city th e ir wo m e n roll e d u p on u s st o n es fro m t h e brow o f

th t us a ken thi c cti t h w d
b y t h e m e n o f Ta m pp uah is s on n e on e or s
l
o y u
n
recv o d e re b y t h e s o ns o f
3 th y d id t l v th m Jc a o b in 1
1
2 27
1 3
“
e no ea e e

ve r 7 pw t mk t d g i t th m o er o a e a s an a a ns e

V I Th d f t f t h m i bly th i d itt g ph y i
.
.

B t p
.

e f A b l e ea o e en o r e a u o ss ere s a o ra n

d t cti f S hil h t x t 6 é$ d
.

’
an d th e d th
e s ru on i hé i
o o an e e t o ov e ae e vz

S h ki d itt
,

a r 5 m m wh mm m y b x1 3 e re a e a o

Th i t w I th t c
.

I 1 2 m 1 K b a o g ph y f m t oz e a w h ld s o n ra 0 a n a a se e s ou
-

i p b bl y th t w h ic h i m ti m it 5 é£ 6 m
. . . . . .

s ro a d i a s en on e n o L 0 0

1 Ch iv 22 ro n b l gi g t 3 M ki I th Mi d has e on n o a r n e ras we
h v S h b i i t h Ch J xxxv i 9
. . . .

th ed c d t f Sh l h t h
es en f
an s o e a e s on o
a e a r, n e r on . e r.

S h k i Th Bk f J h m th i
.

J d h d m d K ib i G
u a an na e ez n en
a r e o as ar o s

J xxxvi 8 i ci d t I J b xxx i v 4 w h v
. . .

xxxv iii 5 Ch
.

n en n u e a e
ron e r.

p k f t h w t f W th f M i ki w h ich i m y t i kt
. . .
. . . .

“ a a n sa r, n no e n oo
s ea s o e a e rs o 31 n or o
.

T pp h
a Thua m h i c p t I h v w gl y t k t b f Sh mi
e na e e re s orru
a e r on a en o e or a r

b t t h p iti ig d t it th m i S h k i k i g f M h iki
.
,

u e os on a ss ne o
“
n or a an or a r, n o a an a .

igh t if w m y Sh ki h i t h city d M i
,

f T pp
” r
o h a i ua s r e a
a r e re s e an a an sa

i d tify it with Ai 1 K b h ( E y i t h c m p f Sh k i ( m w
,
, ,

en n e ez ) e nc c
s e a o a r o a o
c mp i f
.

B b i 37 P h p M xip i
.

er a s a s a o r e ss o n o
i
m t
.
,

J p M
.

Th m b l w lp If t d we us re a
f eJ ( )
b b
en o l i b x o e o e s ro
a av ax no

Sh ki
.

bl y c p t f A pfifih
.

’ ’
a or ru A pfi fih or or a r

A cc d i g t
a .

A cc d i g t t h Bk
.

or n f J h ( D ot O t h f if t h d y
e o
th as ar ie n e a or n o e

Mi d h Ch
.

ii J d Bk f J h
. .

r as an o as ar
d es Ap ocr th A b li e r e ans ron er

c f t h c p ti v th i w t h f th d y
.
, . .
,

m ch d t t h
. .

s as e ou r a
ar e o e re s u e o e a es .

o f T pp h b t w a uall p t t th T i
u p il
e re ( B A S ) a
M id u o e o s e ze ou r s o
1
. r .

s w d by t h
or f J c b Th W jj i e sons m o
m it a o . e a s .
i
a r a o s .

Mid W j j i l r pp t a m d s O m th m i
a s o su mig h t y b tt l
or s o u r e en a verca e e n a a e

ti t f m th c t ( 8 d S ) f d v c m th m
. .

I e
on : Th y “
e w en ro en a re a o er a e
e o
it i t
.

”
A b l (
r aem) d l w ti
h
n n
-
m w h w h m gh
an y w d s e e en o a s or .

h d g
a f t h t i t h p il
on e or F th w o h t f mig h t y m
se z e e s o
” or er e as a os o en

a f S d I 1
d g I fih
rea
’
(
oJ,d'
g m i g h t y
’
h t w ) m g t.
t h m
.

“
a os
”
a on s e

2 Th i l li f m Sh il h we r l w
a A S) es
m ro o e s e
1
. 0. o .

it c f
.

f A m bo t t h l i d ui Sl w t h m b f e th y h d g a use
t s oun n e e e or e e a on e, e c .

J xxxv i 8 S Mid W j j i ym 5m m p m m
,
‘
Mid W jj i r d Ch a s an r on er o r . a s ny. u u n .

B t h t h Mi d
. . . . . .

Did t l th m p w
no t m 4 Th i w m
e a ve e o h er o co e e r o en o e ra s

p k ly f m
. .

a g i t a ns ( 3 éd fi h it s 5 é€ § 01 d Ch
K J
u xa ev t o ov an ro n . e r. s ea on o en

ro fi i hd i e ae po find ) H e u 7rI h v h s s e re a e e re

ig v ibl y c pt
.

x mpl d m g t d e
.

en an une R ll d a e P e a n in o i o e os s o rr u

t k it t b t h f Mid h d Ch
,

I h v as a e a en J d o e e or ra s an ron er re a

t
. .

e q iv l t f
u a enI t h Mid W jj i
o h l d n S e 4 r a s
"
ur e
"
e e n o e on 11 .

xxxv i 8 w h v i f i mi l c p ti
. .

an d Ch J ro n . er . . e a e n or a s ar o r ru on .
76 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
t he hill o n which t h e city stood 5 A n d I a n d Sim eon . .

hid ou rs e l ve s b e hi n d t h e town a n d se iz e d u p o n t h e h e ights , ,

a n d d e stroyed this city a lso .

V I I A n d t h e n e x t day it w a s t o ld u s that t h e ki n g
.

o f the city of G a a sh with a m ighty host was co m i n g a gai n st

2 I th e r e fore a n d Da n fe ig n e d o u rsel v e s to be
.
, ,

A m orit e s a n d a s alli e s w e n t i n t o th e ir city

,
3 A n d in . .

the d e p th of n ight o ur brethre n cam e a n d w e o p e n ed t o

th e m t h e g a t e s ; a n d w e d e stroyed a ll t h e m en a n d th e ir
s u bstan c e a n d w e t o o k f or a p r e y a l l that w a s th e irs a n d
, ,

th e ir thre e walls w e ca st down 4 A n d we dr e w n e ar to . .

Tha m n a wh e r e was a ll t h e s u bsta n ce o f t h e hostil e kin gs

, .

5 Th e n b e i n g i n s u lt e d by th e m I w a s th e r e for e wr o th a n d
.
, ,

r u sh e d a gain st th e m to t h e s umm it ; a n d they k e p t slin gi n g

5 Th i it y l ( )
s {3 A S
c d a so5 6 T h i ci d t a c t dh i I
re a -
e n en s r e o u n e ere n

t h w h l cit y c cti with Th m t ld f

. . .

”
e o e . on n e on a na are o o
V II 1 Ki g f th ity f G
. . n h G h i th
o Mid e W jj i c Ch o a as aas n e r a s , ro n

J f J h
. . .

w ith mig h t y h t ( d )
a f d d Bk
os a a e re a er an o as ar

cit y f t h k i g w ith
. . . .
,

l t d by t h m I w
“
G h th
aas e o e n s a
5 Th b i g i
g re a t h t ; 6 8 t h citi f t h th f w th ( d ) Bd S d
os
” 1 “
e es o e
. en e n n su e e
I
as

ki g w ith t h t ; A t h b i g i l t d I w w th A ” er e or e ro a. e .
-
e rea
tw o n g s a re a os “

G h cit y w ith p w f l k i g
a as a
d th b i g i
a
l t d by th m
o er u
d
n .

an
en e n

en e n
n su e

n su e
as ro

e an
d D f ig d b i g w th N cc t f th i lt
2 I th f.
, ere or e, a n an e ne ou r ”
e n ra 0 a ou n o e n su

t t
.

b A m it
t J d h pp x
l
se ves t o d e ll i or es , an as a es
l
i Th o u a a e a rs n our e . e r e as o n

i p v
“
(fi d s ) d A d I d G d re a n an a
d i Mid W jj i
-
e a “
A d
p c d d t t h A m it
.

s re se r e n r a s n

t d p ci t t
.

d
.

l
a so ro ee e o e or es an
h y b g t h m d
f ig i g
e n n lv t b th i
o u r se ll i
m ck th m ( m
es o e '
m
e r a es
e e an o e re a e e an

I th f f ig d y o e r i r nn
d D r a s }:
t h w th f J d h
-b
*
A ere or e , a n an e ne o ur
m ) Th
t b A m it
,

lv
a p en e ra o u a
r .

se es o

t x t f ll w BA S
e or es
d h
.

p g d w aro s e an e s r an an as

th fi t t g
I
3 Th e e i o o s a s
t h w ll ( r m
d f cti v A d i t h d p th
. .

p e rs o o u on e a a e ri s:
e e e :
“
f th n n e e ' o e
59 m m 5w m mw
igh t ll b th c m d m h l m ) S i mil l y i t h Ch
y r r1 1 an u nn r
r

n a l
our re re n a so a e, an

w e p d t h g t t th m d d J xxxvi 1 1 d i t h Bk f J h
o ene e a es o e an e
n n i e/ . ar n e ron .

t y d ll t h m d t k p y ( Di t d Ap ii l l 79
s ro e a e en an oo as a re .
er .

e . es
.

ocr
an

. .
n e

,
. o as ar

Th i t h e r w ll Th w ll
re e a s e se a s a re

m ti d i t h Mi d
.

en on e h Ch n J eR h d g i t th m t th ras mm it ron er us e a a ns e o e su

Th t w f m
.
,

d t h Bk f J h ( tbpp q
’ ’ ‘

an e o as t
ar b é i s e o or er x aa e rr ci / r o s rr 77

p k f h m h m m 5w mh w bv p A c m p i
. .

l
s ea o cras n n a v .1 f o 22 ea ) nn‘ ‘
nxn o a r son o

t w it h t h
.

a mm t h
o, w “
l l w it h i
re e da s on eH b w f t h n an e se or s e e re o e

o th erTh Bk f J h d c ibe Mi d h i t h l t o t gg t t h
as ar es r es ra s n e as no e su es s e

lt ch w ll i t p b b il ity t h t wm b ( m m 9 t
. .

- “
ro a a or o
th e a s sa u on e a a n u rn u 1
mm it c pt f p m
,

Ti m h Th i m y
.

4 Th m i a na , it e i h na s a s su s ere or ru or er
d th t p ibl y i c pt f
,

f 1 M cc i x 50
. . .
.

b t h Th m t h
e e a na a o a an a oss s orr u or

I th t c
. .
,

one f th o J d citi f tifi d b y m m e u e an w es h ld d

or e o n a a se e s ou re a

B cch i d
a S E esy B i
.b d D iee t I w th fi
nc t t c p.
i g p th . an e .
“

”
as e rs o s r n u on e
w ll a
B ib i t n oo .

O f Mi d
. .

S b t u (d
s a n ce fi) bg d K p t li g i g
rro ovce v t h re a e s n n e c r as
W ll i r
.

fg
. .
,

re u e i [wh m a s. uns 1 en .
78 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
u s, l he m ad e u s a fe a st ; a n d wh e n I was h e at e d h e
and

gav e m e his dau ght e r Ba thsh u a to wi fe 3 Sh e b a r e m e . .

Er a n d O n a n a n d Shel a h ; a n d two of them t h e Lord

, ,

s m ot e : for Sh e la h liv ed a n d his childre n a r e ye , .

I X A n d e ight e e n y e a rs m y fa th e r abod e at p e ac e with

.

his br o th e r Es a u a n d his so n s with u s a f t e r th a t w e c a m e , ,

fro m Me so p ot a m i a from L a b a n 2 A n d wh e n e ight e e n , . .

y e a rs were fu lfille d in t he forti e th ye a r o f my life Esa u , , ,

t h e brother o f m y fath e r ca m e u p o n u s with a m ighty a n d ,

stro n g p e o pl e 3 An d J a cob s m o t e Esau with a n a rrow . .

,

a n d h e w a s tak e n u p wo u n d e d o n Mo u n t Se ir a n d a s he ,

IH p k t e s l ( ) BA m it
a th
e un o u s t t m t i J b il Th a th o e s a e en s n u e es us e
I w h t d T xt h
. .

tt ck d J c b w h
.

Wh en d
as f E ea e e e re r e a s s on s o sa u a a e a o en

y w h ich I t k t b i g f L h J b xxx ii 1 4
.

n a
p hé a xa aasz m an ) , a e o e o urn n or ea u v

t h t i i t h y 2 1 67 2 1 6 8 M
. .
, ,

c pt f I w h t d
”
orru wh or v en as ea e a s n e e ar or A
a n: 2 .

N w J d hw b
.

w ith w i ( J b i 2l ) u xx xv o u a as orn
i Cf J Ii 3 9 d
J b xxv iii 1 5) i t h y
. . .

e ne er an

xiv 3 w i b t th
. . . . . .

T J d u ( 2 1 28
ne
H
ea e
u . . n e e ar A . .

c l i xi 2 t
. .
,
C m
.

p w it h mig h ty d a e u on us a an
t h b dy t e o I o arn a un on n
Cf Mid
t x t J d h y th gh t h m 5mm
. .

g p p l W jj i “ s r on eo e. r a s. x:
f
. .

o ou r e u a sa s r ou e
‘
i t x ic ti f w i I w d c i v d
n o a on o ne as e e e
” 7

x iii 5 7 O
.

S l
ee a so m y b 3 J b m t E wi t h r w o n] ; a e . a co s o e sa u an a rro

( w ith b w ) S Th i t xt i
-

c pt f h t d
. .

I w or a o o a s e s
orru wh or en as ea e
pp
. .

with d i
t d by (
Jdh d k f é ém m )
‘
f é ’ su or e a. rr
'
ev rre a e v
e s re u a s r un enn e s s
é wa 6 ( f
'
o H
xpl i h i m y i g C it wh é é m ) I
.
’

B
‘
i} v s o a Kco r u aa

i cl
.
,
e a ns s arr n a an aan e

ff c t h i g v t bbi ic p t f é
.
‘
é ly e re rr rre a e u or rr e a e u s ear c or
O th
Th i v i w
n e o en e s a e o ra n

t diti t J h xxx i v 2 0 i pp t d b J b xxxv iii 2 J c b

‘
ru or rr e rr a w e z/ o r e rra ca e u. s e
ra my on s e e n o e on u

c t t
. . .

s su or e u a o
m k é b k h y
t c
. .
,
wa p a oas a n no e a en er e as

h v i g i v it d
k E th M id W jj i d s ru sa u e r a s an

b) m t
. .

a n n e
Ch J
.
i “

B th h i a mm s Cf
ua , G 6
w ( J
11 3 en
ron
”
. er . i y y na n, aeo s o e
1
xxxv iii 2 J b xxx i v 2 0 li 7 I fi h f ll b t h b w f J c b
. .

E bg A S
. . .
‘
d é é 659 sa u . re a rr e a e v u 1 :
u x ’

Th MSS g i v v i c p ti f th i
. .
, . .

fi
.

y a xu e e e o o a o
l t t d iti
, .

e e a r o us o rru on s o s
O th t th n e a er ra on s as o e
m
d th t
na e
ch ild xxx iii 2 J w i h E my
.

f E 1 J b ea o sa u see no e on u
3 Sm t bd A S dd
v
.
. o e . e a
y 2 08 v e s nc c
l (d é )
. . . .

e ss r k v o us
W
.

t k p w d d Al t 1 as a en u ou n e on ou n
A d hi hild
n y ( BA S )
s c
S i J b xxxv iii 8
r en
Th
e a re .

e r u sa s :
“
e son s
m y
l ft th i f t ly i g
. . .

a o

I X Th i ch p t gi v v ydf
.

f E
.

h o sa u e e r a er n
l i h h d f ll t h h i ll w h ich
s a er es a er e ec

ti v cc t f t h w b tw J c b i i A dfi am t h Mi d h W i
.

s a n as e a a en o n e
e a ou n o e ar e e en a o ”

d th f E jj s n r : e ra s a s.
d E th d th
an

su bj g ti f Ed m
u
sa u ,

a A f ll on o cc t by t h
e
d Ch J ea

o
A d h w
o
w d d
u
sa u

er a
an

oun
e
an ron . er .
“
n e as ou n e

i f xxxv iii 1 1 4 ‘
.

d i J b xxxv — w (
r [D m ) ( d ) hi e a rr o na n s an s
i
,
s ou n n u 11 -

till mpl d h im
.
.
,
.

d t h im so n s r a se
i Mid W j j i
an se on an a ss
d
d h c m t A di d d i d th
an a s a er o n e n r a s ”

xxxv ii Q it
. .

an e a e o ro n an e e re
d t h Ch J
T xt
.

an e r on er u e a
W
d if t l ti f th v t pp
. . .

d d d e 6 B t ou n e e re a s 11 9 u
t h i i m if t l y c t
.

p
.

e r en re a on o e se e en s a e a rs

f J h ( Di t d Ap c
f E i s s an es o rr u or sa u s
i t h Bk
n

ii 1 2 35
e . o
p t as
d p c di g t A
ar
i m
e . es o r.
re re se n e as ro ee n o n on ra

d d y i g th Th c p ti
.

an n ere e orru on a r ose

1 JV n th ( d ) Bd A d
c p t
.

a er a -
re a ou r
i th H b w =
f th §
. .

a b d dd
er
”
d w a p an e
” n e e re . ve s n 3 3, o rru

w h ich i
. .

m l f or
2 I th f ti th y
n f y e i
f or e ea r o e s

Th i d t wit h f d i th p i t h Mi d
.

I
AS) m .
g 0. o . s h
a e a re e s o un n e a ss a g e n e ras
 J U D A H — CH A P T E R S V I I I .
3
—I X 8 .
79

w e n t h e di e d a t A n on ira m 4 A n d w e p urs u e d a ft e r t h e . .

s o n s of Esau Now th e y h a d a city with w a lls of iro n a n d

.

ga t e s o f br a ss ; a n d w e c u ld o n o t e n t r i n to it l a n d w e
e r
,

e n ca m p e d a ro un d a n d b e si e g e d it 5 A n d wh e n th e y
,
. .

op e n e d n o t to u s in tw e n ty d a ys I se t u p a l a dd e r rin t h e ,

sight o f a lll a n d with m y shi e ld u p o n m y h e a d I w e n t

,

u s u st a i n i n g t h e a ss a u lts o f st o n e s u p w a rds of thr e e

p , ,

tale n ts we ight ; a n d I sl e w f ou r of th e ir m ighty m e n .

6 A n d R e u b e n a n d G a d sl e w si x o th e rs 7 Th e n th e y
'
. . .

a sk e d f ro m u s t e r m s o f p e a c e ; a n d ha v i n g tak e n co u n s e l

With o u r fa th e r w e r e ce ive d th e m as trib u t a ri e s ,

8 An d . .

th e y gave u s fi v e h u n dr e d core o f wh e a t fi ve h u n dr e d ,

b a ths of o il fi ve h u n dred m e a su r e s o f wi n e ru n til t h e

, ,

f a m i n e 1 wh e n w e w e n t dow n i n to Egyp t
,
.

g iv en in the p c re e din g no e t Th e th ey sl u n g aga n s i t th em H er e a ll

c j cti t t
. .

s a me on un on o f w ord s sm o e MSS bu t 6 re a d
d rro de xbue vo s, h o u gh
f xp ct
.

”
w ou n d d e( Sm a nan ) is o un d in we e e brr o oe xbue uo s a s in e Th e
xxii 34 i t t iti pp t tt
.

1 K n r e ga r d t o t he d e a h of He b re w a u h or e s s u or t h e l a er
v iii v
. . .

Ah ab Ho w e e r, in Po l yh 4 3 3, 51 1
ti
. . . . . .

And h e w en t h e died a t A n on ir a m
as d rr o déx oua i is u s e d in h s s e n se
it t i c i
.

0 om s
I
(B ) S h s l a u se o w n g t o Up w a r d s of t h r ee t a l en t s in w eig h t
c pti p t
.

1
t h e or ru on o in e d o u t in t h e p r e (BA S ) a o mit s

c t it t i c
. .

e din g n o e h om s h s l a u se an d I s l ew (
a A) BSI
re a d I w en t up
fi t c xt t
.
.

the rs l au s e o f t h e n e h ro u gh a n d sl e w
”

t
.

“
h mt A re a d s : A n d a s h e y w e re I
A n d R eu ben ( a )
6 BS re a d An d
i i
.

f i ft
. .

g o n g h e w a s bu r e d in A n o n ir a m on t h e oll ow n g d a y R A an d a
t if t tt p t i p v
a n o h er m a n es a em t o m ro e
me R
.
,
er

an i p i t xt
m os s bl e e
.

th f
xxxv iii
.

A n on ir a m ( Bb d A ) Ju b 9 7 . Th en . a a dd s e r e ore .

t
. . .

R eceived t h em a s tr ibu t a rie s ( é be gd

( se e n o e ) h a s A dur a m h e re a n d t h e
i ic
M d ra sh A r o din w h h s e e m s t o b e ue fia a br o r zs v t opovs )
rr og Cf
‘
8 v ii
it i
. . . .

c pt
orru i
f or A d o rim Th s is t h e Adwpa a om s brr o gbép o v s Th e M dra sh
t ti
.

ti J p xx ii
.

m e n on e d b y os e h 15 W aj j i s re a d s “ w e m a d e h e m r bu
(A n t .

t c pt t
. . . .

"
4 ) a s on e o f t h e o w n s a u re d b y ar y DD ) c u m ) .

f c cc p t ci c
Hyr c an u s an d or e d t o a e r um 8 Five h u n d r ed (a a f Sl ) bd e A
x iii
. .

re a d t w o h u n d re d
“
c is ion ( A n t 9 l) . . . . .

ci t y w a ll s ir on a n d Cors , i e Kép o vs Th e
4 A wit h f
o . .

p t
.

“
g a t es o f bra ss ( Bd A )-
a re a d s a m e asu r e w a s : 1 0 e h a h s or b a h s
t cit y i p p
. .

” 1
Ba t h s ( Ba f S ) a a f m l y e h a h
“
s r on g -

t c
.

pp
.

B es ieg ed it ( e e g A ) h Be g S1 r e a d -
a a re n l y, s in e 0 re a d s o p us ,

i t Th i i t ic
.

”
b e s eg e d h e m . h utt e rs, a f 966 11 5 s s s ra n g e s n e

p
.

5 Su s t a in in g t h e a ssa u l ts of s t on es t h e e h a h is u s e d f or dr y m e a su r e
i
. . .

Th e M dr a s h W ajj is a n d Ch ron J e r B f a-
re a d B ,
56
6 B6 6 ( s ic)
c i t i i ci t J N
. . . .

a s r be h s n d en t o u d ah , a ph t a l i Five h u n d red ( a SI ) A “ re a d
B
ji t it fift
.

” ”
I
And
“
an d G a d o n ly , a n d w r e e e n h un dr e d , S fi v e h u n dre d
t c iv t i i p
.

I
h e y r e e e d o n h e r s h e l d s t h e sh a r Un t il t h e f a min e, w h en ( a ) BS
ic til
.

t
s on e s ( ‘JJ R
I pit n mu m 153 p) wh h
‘
re a d
“
un .
80 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
X
a f t e r th e s e thi n gs m y s on Er to o k to wife
. An d
Ta m a r fro m Me so p o tam i a a dau ght e r o f A ra m
,
2 Now ,
. .

Er w a s wick e d a n d h e t was in n e e d co n ce r n i n g Ta m a r , ,

b e ca us e sh e w a s n ot o f t h e l a n d of Ca n aa n A n d on the .

third n ight a n a n g e l of t h e L ord s m ot e h im 3 rA n d h e . .

had n o t k n ow n h e r accordi n g t o t h e e v il cr a ftin e ss o f his

m oth e r for h e did n o t wish to h a v e childr e n by h e r
,
4 . .

I n t h e da y s l o f t h e w e ddi n g fe a st I g a v e O n a n to h e r in -

m arria g e ; a n d h e a ls o in wick e d n e ss k n e w her n o t tho u gh ,

h e s p e n t with her a y e a r 5 A n d whe n I threa t e n e d h im . .

h e w e n t in u n to h e r bu t h e s p ill e d the s e e d o n t h e gro u n d , ,

a ccordi n g to t h e co mm a n d o f his m other a n d h e also died ,

thr o u gh wick e d n ess 6 A n d I wish e d to giv e Sh e la h also . .

t o h e r bu t his m o th e r did n o t p e r m it it ; rfo r s h e wr o u ght

,

e v il a g a i n st Ta m a r fl b e c a u s e s h e w a s n o t o f t h e da u g h t e rs

o f Ca n aa n a s she a ls o h e rs e l f w a s ,
.

X I A n d I k n e w that t h e r a c e o f t h e Ca n a an it e s w a s
.

X d g A)
1 it th t t h L d l w h im b c
b ef S o m
A nd (a a h 1
a e or s e e a use e

S itic w ld t gi v h i d t h i if
. . . .

a u g h te r of A ra m , i e o f t h e
D em ou no e s s ee o s w e

3 A m it t h i v th gh h mt
.

c t t
. .

r a e , n o t l ik e Ba h s h u a h is m o h e r, o s s e r se r ou

i d f cti v m itt g
. .

w h o w a s a Ca n a an eit i f ct
Th s a of f by a s e e e, o in
“
or

c t t t xt pp tly w k w
.

h e r d e s e n is old a l so in Ju b x li 1 h O er ur e a ar e n as no n

it f t h O p I mp f t m
.

i c
. . .

I n Be r ra bb a 8 5, R Me r o f t h e se o n d t th o e wr er o e us er e c u

c t tt t t M tt i 3 M t tm j
. .

e n ur y s a e s ha Ta m a r w a s t h e m on a : a er au e e us cu
t Ch
. .

t pi t i S
d a u gh e r o f t h e r e s k n g h e m Cf h t t m - ip e ss e a na n a ea or a r e u r e a ac c er e

xxxviii ill c il i m t i
. .

a l s o Targu m , Ps J o n o n G e n g ex en e re s u o e on s o a r s u s us

P pt q dp
. .

p
. .

6, 2 4 , Ba b a Me z ia 8 73 In t h e O us t igit m n on c on ea ro er uo er

it m D m i m lig t m
.

i it i
.

I m p erfe c t u m o n G e n 3 is s a d ou ss cu o nus a na n e

4 T x t f ll BA S th gh A i
.

t tJ
. .

1
ha u d a h a l a r m e d b y h is o w n e x p e r i e o o ws ou s

l igh t ly d f cti v
.
,

c t t
e n e o f Ba h sh u a , a d a u gh e r o f Ca n a a n, d A d I s e e e (1 re a s :
“
n

g v h c d
.

v
ga e t o E r Th a m a r e x fi l ia bu s A r a m t A my d .
a e er o u n an se on
”
s on a n ,

b h ld t h L d l h im
2 Th t x t f ll w BA S
e o e or s ew

5 T x t f ll
I
mi t
, .

e d e o o s a re a s I
ick d d B AS
.

ows
.

e o a o s
N w E
h i w ic k d
. . .

o g l f
r was w
IVi h d A d
e an an an e o
c e n ess re a s s e
) h im
.

t h L d l w ( éfl
e d or s e av r wa e u . ”
n e ss
d ith
.

1W i d w i 6 Hi m t h my 1
'
as n a
as n n ee
( ) BA S
or d s o er a re a
c l ty g w h ic h
,

w if B th h
. .

ip bp =
”
”
u r ec no n e a s ua
m y b c pt f
.

= p t h t D id mit it li 7
“
u er o
a
j e orr u t p o r no n
S J b no er o u x

l t h w if
,

h t d
. .

f J d h d id
.

li 2 (E )
“
s h m a Cf J b e B d u x t r a e e su e e e o u a no

t li w ith h b c p mit h
.

Sh l h t m y
. . .

”
an d w ld ou no e er e au se er er son e a o a rr

i h d t t k him w if f t h Th i
.

h e w s e Ag i t T m
o a e ph i a e o e a ns a ar s ras e s

k i f l k f hi m th O t h t xt m y f d ly i b d S
.

ns o o s o er r e e a ou n on n e

mi t l ti w h ic h
. .

l
b e a f s ra n s a A h l onh lf w o ( f) IDn 7
'
s s e a so er se as a a e

lf w
.

s h ld h v
ou b d d fix fl p a bg Ae een d h h ren e re a we b h b* rea as s e e rs e as

xxxv iii 7 y d A m it
.

P J G ae fg o
ii T
c
r . s . on . on en . . sa s .
82 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
dru n k with win e I did n ot r e co g n ise her ; a n d h e r b e a u ty ,

d e ce i ve d m e throu gh t h e fashio n of h e r ador n i n g 4 A n d ,

. .

I t u r n e d a sid e to h e r a n d said Le t m e g o in u n t o ,
:

th e e An d sh e said : W h a t wilt th o u gi v e m e ? A n d I
.

ga ve h e r m y st a ff a n d m y girdl e a n d t h e dia d e m o f m y , ,

ki n gdo m rin p l e dge d An d I w e n t in u n to h e r a n d she -

,

con ce i ve d 5 A n d n ot k n o wi n g what I h a d do n e
. .
,

wish e d to sl a y h e r ; bu t sh e p ri v ily s e n t m y p l e dges a n d ,

p u t m e to sh a m e 6 A n d wh e n I c a ll e d h e r I h e a rd also . .
,

t h e secr e t w o rds which I I s p ok e 1 wh e n lyi n g W i th h e r in m y

dr u n k e n n e ss ; a n d I co u ld n o t slay h e r b e cau s e it was fr o m ,

t h e L o rd 7 Fo r I s a id L e st h a p ly sh e did it in s u btl e ty
. .
, ,

ha vi n g r e ce i ve d t h e p le dge fro m a n oth e r wo m a n 8 Bu t I . .

cam e n ot a ga in n e a r h e r while I li ve d b e ca u s e I h a d do n e ,

[ t hisl a bo m i n atio n in ra ll l I sr a e l 9 Mor e o v er th e y who . .

,

w e r e in t h e city s a id that th e r e w a s n o harl o t in t h e gat e ,

b e ca u s e s h e cam e fr o m a n o th e r p l a c e a n d sa t for a whil e ,

in t h e g a t e 1 0 A n d I th ou ght th a t n o o n e k n e w tha t I
. .

h a d go n e in t o h e r 1 1 A n d a f t e r this w e ca m e i n to . .

Egy p t rt o J o se ph l b e ca u se o f t h e fa m in e 1 2 A n d I w a s , . .

3 . W it h w in e , I did n ot r e cog n ise I n p ledg e ( a ) BA S1

om . .

h er ( a ) d A SI
rea d b b * °d e f g
B f -
at a
5 I h a d d on e ( a d g A ) B g
d Sl

t c
. -
. .

t he wa e rs o f Ko z eb a I did no t re o g
”
re a d sh e h a d d one
i i
.
”
n s e h e r b y r e a s on o f w n e Th e s e
W is h ed t o s l a y h er (Bd g A dg
t
.

v a
-

w a e rs o f Ko z e b a h a e a l re a d y b e e n
om
f
re e rr e d t o in 1
1
vi . .

B u t s he p r ivily s en t my p ledg es , a n d
4 L et m e g (B
o A S ) (1 re a d s I .

m e
i
.

m l
.

” p u t t o s ha e ( B d g A S ) a re ads
a m go n g
c iv t p
.

.
“ ”
I se n t o r e e e t h e l e d ge an d
d ia d em
'

Staj , g ir dle,
1 “
( BA S ) a r e a d s s a ff t i t it x t f v
om s n e o ur tit t
e rs es a n d s u b s u es

i
d a de m t
s gn e
.

Th u s in s e a d o f n h = rin g
t i t v t f
in h e r s e a d a n a b bre i a e d o r m o f t h e

d 5m c
.

d
g
T h 1 ” LXX o f G e n xxxviii 2 0, 2 4 30 . .
-
.

( )
a B A S re a g : or e
7 E ith t hi v i i t p l
l tt i i gh t Cf xv 3
.
,
er s e r se s an n er o a
Th m
ti t h l t cl
.

a er s r us a o .

m f th
. .

pl dg
. .

on o r f 6 e as a u se o ve r
5m d BA S m I . .

g an 0 ar o ree e es

m ti xxxviii 1 8 ig t
.

en d i G on e n en s ne 9 H l t H h ar oué n ( b g ) i e re r e t a xo v v s

d i g f t mp l p ti
. .

c d t ff d d d d i d m d ddnu (
. .
, ,

or s a an a a e a a 2 a re n mp er n o n z
“
e e r os

on: m)
,

J b x l vi 1 1 d
or
,

u
,

re a s t t c c t d t th w h ip f A
u e o n se ra e o e ors o s

ig t ckl c t ff
a
t t Cf D t xxiii 1 8 G xxv iii
. . .

”
ar e eu en x
s ne ne a e s a
p i d f th i p tit
. . . . . .

ckl c bpul
,

wh er e n e ti a e a xo s : 2 ns
2 1 22 Th e er o o s ros u
ti w i c t i c l imit d i
.
. ,

D i d m f my ki g d ma A w
e w o n o s e sa on as n er a n a se s e as n

2 b v
,

i t h p c di g t t h i ph i
.

n e re e n no e s ra s e s an v er f h a d
o k e a e ere r e a re w uo v
b t th i i di m tic
. .

a d d iti t t x t p c li t
on o ou r e e u ar o ou r é n
u u u, i t u s s no so o a

D t xx iii 1 8
, .

au th I t i dd d t b i g f w d
or s a e o r n or ar Cf LXX
. on eu . . .

t h ki g hi p f J d h cit y
.

1° I
e n s o u a . G t ( f A ) bg S
a e d a e
l . re a .
 J U DA H — C H A P T E R S X II 4 XIII 4 .
-
.
83

forty si x ye a rs old a n d s e ve n ty a n d thr e e ye a rs li ve d

an d ,

I in Egyp t .

X I I I A n d n ow I co mm an d yo u m y childre n h e a rk e n
.
, ,

rt o J u d a h yo ur fa t h e r l a n d k e e p m s a yi n gs t o p e r f or m
y ,

a l l t h e ordi n a n c e s of t h e Lord a n d to o b e y the co mm a n ds ,

of God 2 A n d w a lk n o t a ft e r yo u r l u sts n or in
. .
,

t h e i m agi n a tio n s o f yo u r tho u ghts in h a u ghtin e ss of

h e art ; a n d glory n ot in the d e e ds a n d str e n gth o f yo u r
you th for this also is e v il in t h e e y e s of t h e Lord 3
, . .

Si n c e I a lso glori e d th a t in wars n o c o m e ly wo m a n s face

’

e v er e n tic e d m e a n d r e p r o ve d R e u b e n m
y broth e r co n ce r n ,

in g Bilh a h t h e wi fe o f m y fa th e r t h e s p irits o f j e al o u sy
, ,

a n d o f f or n ic a tio n a rr a y e d th e m s e l v e s aga i n st m e u n til I ,

lay with Ba thsh u a t h e Ca n a a n it e a n d Ta m ar who was , ,

e s p o u s e d to m y so n s 4 For I said t o m y fath e r in la w . .

- -

1 2 For ty A or d n g
a n d s ix yea rs cc i 1 Ch ro n x xv m 9 nu e no 1 2 ‘ ‘
73 Se e
xxviii t T Ah i 3
.

J
. . . .

t o J ub 1 5, x l v 1 u d ah w a s n o e on s

f t t t
. . . . . . .

or y h re e y e a r s o l d w h en h e w en
-
H g h ti f h t Cf J au n e ss o ea r er
it pt vi f t x l viii 2 9
. . .

d o wn n o E g y , an d Le o r y five -

c c v i cc i vi —
. . .

He n e s in e Le a ord n g t o T Le Of h t ( f ) Bj s d y ea r a
1
re a
“
ou r
f t i t h t
. .

x1 1 5 ( Ar a m Fr a g ) w a s o r y e gh , -
ear

t i c
. .

p v
. .

b o h b o o k s re se r e t h e s a m e d ff e re n e D d d t g th ( ) Bb g d ee s an s r en a -
re a

t t t t gt h ( + d d ) d d b d d
.

o f a ge b e w e e n t h e t w o b r o h e r s , h ou gh
“
s r en an ee s, ee s
t i t i
h e y d sa gr e e a s t o h e r a ge s f t g th AS t gth f d d o s re n
” I
s re n o ee s
”

i
,
. .

Th s n u m b e r c om 3 N m ly w m
’

Seven t y t hr ee -
f ti d o co e o an s a ce ever en ce

it f t t fc v mtm
. .

b ine d w h or y s ix a m o u n s t o 1 1 9 m ( B) -
d e a re a s a a e ne er e e

ic it t t t ( i ) A v w I tic d th gh
.

“
y e a r s , w h h a gre e s w h t h e s a e m e n s c ne er as en e ro u

xxv i t h c m li f c m ly w m
,
” I
in 2 S e o e n e ss o o e o en ,

c m ly w m v m t m
.

X
.

”
III 1 I comma n d J u da h o e o en n e er e e

t
. . .

“
you f a e
r t h r a e f r e a d as I el l
E ti d d d h n ce rra r /
x er e

(1
“
o m “
as It e ll c
I o mm an d y o u , pp t d (S ) d a e a rs o r en er ring a
I
re a

ci wh ich m y b c p ti
.

J
.

h e a rk e n m y h l d re n t o t mj n
u d a h y ou r ur a e, a e a o rru on

ft
a h e r,
”
n
I “
t v ti
in w h a s o e e r h n g s I f fi d n o w r o e.
‘

c o mm a n d y ou h e a rk e n my ci h l d re n t o I l y w it h B t h h BA S d a a s ua
1
re a s
ft
.

J th v b 5
” “
u d a h g ) y o ur a h A I é
h e a rk en l B wh ''
+ er a vv rre a a e s e re e er ‘
n 53,
ci t v ti w h ic h t xi 2 I t k t
.
,

m y h ld r e n t o w h a s o e e r h n g s I i th as n e n o e on a e o

b c p t f 5y = I l y w ith
, .
,
“
c o m ma n d y o u e o rru or ~
n 3 a or

I h d i t c w ith
.

M y s a y in g s ( a ) BS r e a d a l l m y
I “
d dd h a n e r ou rse a s e re

i i d I t k h w if l ik
.

J
.

”
s a y n gs , A t h e s a y n g o f u dah y ou r t i an oo er o e n e

f th
a er m d éh w h ich a n n er 0. re a s a vue r ea a ,

c pti ti v t t h G k
. .

t (=
I
2 W lk p 3 6
a BA S )
no m yb 7ro 6 1 60
'
6 a e a orr u on n a e o e re e

m y p i t t th c p ti i
.
. ,
”
( n/ 5 0
“
0. d
re a b t s il e no ev n ou 36 1 6 0 6 or a o n o ano er orru on n

c pt )
orr u . t h H b w m6 S l 7 e e re , a e e a so ve r . .

N i or th im g i t i n f y e Wh w p a d t my na on s S o ou r o as es ou se o s on s o

A i m pl i v th t A S d
.

I 1 l
th BA S
“
th ght
ou (B g S ) s -
a f es e sa e a re a son or

m t xt b t i c pt my d gh t
.
,
”
sa e e gu m s d orru i a a o s on s 0. re a s
“
au er -
n

pp t b b w d f m
. . .

Th ph
7,
e ra s e a ea r s o e orro e ro
84 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
I will take cou n se l with my fa ther a n d so will I tak e thy ,

dau ghter A n d he was u n willi n g bu t h e show e d m e a

.
,

bou n dle ss store of gold in his d a u ght e r s b e h a l f ; for h e ’

was a ki n g 5 A n d he ador n e d h e r with gold a n d

. .

p e arls a n d ca u sed h er to p ou r ou t wi n e fo r u s at t h e fe a st
,

T w i t h t h e b e a u ty o f w o m e n T 6 A n d t h e wi n e t u r n e d aside .

m y e yes a n d p le a s u r e bli n ded m y h e art

, 7 A n d I b e ca m e . .

e n a m o u re d of a n d I lay with her a n d tran sgre ss e d t h e ,

co mm an dm e n t o f t h e Lord a n d t h e co m m a n d m e n t o f my
fath e rs a n d I took her to wife
,
8 A n d t h e Lord re ward e d . .

m e accordi n g to the i m agin a tion o f m y he a rt i n as m uch ,

a s I had n o joy in h e r childr e n .

X I V A n d n o w m y childr e n rI say u n to yo u 1 be n o t
.
, , ,

dru n k with wi n e ; for win e t u r n e th the m i n d a w a y from

t h e tr u th a n d i n s p ir e s t h e p assio n o f l u st a n d l e a d e th t h e
, ,

e y e s i n to e rror 2 Fo r t h e s p irit o f for n ica ti o n hath wi n e

. .

as a m i n ist e r to give p l e a s u r e to t h e m in d ; for th e se two

also t a k e a way t h e m i n d o f m a n 3 For if a m a n dri n k . .

win e to dr u n k e n n e ss it dist u rbe t h the m in d with filthy ,

-

thou ghts Il e a din g to forn icatio n l a n d b e at e th t h e body to ,

ca rn a l u n io n ; a n d if t h e occasio n o f t h e l ust be p re s e n t h e ,

1
4 F or ( )
. a . an dB S
A “
. X IV . 1 . I sa y u n t o y ou (h ) . 6 re a d s
A n d he w a s u n wil lin g , bu t ( a ) . I say .
BA SI
o m.
1 “ ”
Bd A S r e a d a n d “
-
Be d ru n k w ith w ine
n ot Cf E ph
iv
.

v t
. . .

5 G old A a dds and s l er 1 8,b e n o t d ru nk wi h win e w h e re in

i
. . .
.

c
TW ith t he bea u t y of w omen i Th s
‘

it
is p r o fl iga cy d a wr ta ) Th e l a e r tt
f ti t c f xv i
.

l au se , o m it e d b y e A b , is a l e r a l h a l o f h s s e n en e is ou n d in 1
r e n d er n gi of t h e d ifii c u lt eu t het
2 Th e min d of m a n ( brav o m a
. .

7 1 1/ m ax ill a w h ic h = nm wh h may ~
ic BA b b
.

" Cd e
d “
t h e m gh o f m an S i t
ii p p g
,
re a
b e o r g n a l, b u t , if s o , sh ou l d e rh a s

b e r en d e r e d
“
it
w h t h e o rn a m e n s o f t t ti f ll S
w o m en ,
”
a n d b e r e a d im me d a e l y a er i t ft 3 . Th e ra n sl a on o o ws ,
BA
‘
.

“
g o ld a n d e arl s p Or m a y be
.

th
A ma n d r in k ( BA S ) 1
. (1. r e a ds

c pt
”
ou d rin k e s t
orr u f or awn Th e n w e sh o u ld .

p t t S)
.

ren der
“
in t h e w o m e n s a ar m en
” ’
Th e m in d ( BA
I
a re a ds thy
mi d
.
.

”
6 P l ea s u r e blin d ed my h ea rt n .

S i
.

( It i a ef g ) c A
a b c e f g r a d “ bl n
e de d To f orn ica t ion a nd (BA ( th o ugh
tt
.

p itt g
,

m y h e a r h rou gh l e a su re om I
“
and S) “
in a re ad s and
xt f ic ti
.
.

7 L a y with he r Te re a d s T o w/ é to orn a on

ic t
. .

—
.

n e a a e l s a br n v, o n w h h se e n o e s o n C l
a r na
(u E BA ) 0 rea ds
l L V u n ion S
xi i pl
. .

2, K ll 3 e a su r e ( ndo mfiv )
ft
. . . .

I
S a r e a ds a h er If t h e occas ion of the l u st be p r es e nt
Fa t h e r s (B A ) . .

8 H
I
. e a r t (B I a A S ) a a re a d s ou l
-
. . a o m .
86 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
ki n gdo m 4 A n d i n d ee d I r e p e n t e d o f th e s e thi n g s ;
. .

win e a n d flesh I e a t n o t u n til my old a ge n or did I behold ,

an
y j oy 5 A nd t h e a n ge l. of God show e d m e th a t
.

for e v e r do wo m e n bear r u l e o ve r ki n g a n d b e ggar alike .

6 A n d fro m t h e ki n g th e y t a ke a way his glory a n d f ro m

.
,

the va lia n t m a n his m ight a n d from t h e b eggar e ve n that ,

little which is t h e st a y o f his p o v erty .

X V I O bser v e th e r e for e m y child re n t h e ( right ) li m it

.
, , ,

in wi n e ; for th e re a re in it fo u r e v il s p irits — o i l u st o f ,

hot d e sir e o f pr ofl iga cy of filthy l u cre 2 I f ye dri n k

, , . .

wi n e in glad n ess be ye m odest with t h e fear o f God For ,

.

if in ( your ) gl a d n e ss t h e fe ar of God d e p art e th then ,

dru n k e n n e ss aris e th a n d sham e lessn e ss ste a le th in 3 Bu t . .

if y o u wo u ld li v e sob e rly d o n o t t o uch wi n e at all l e st ye s in ,

in w o rds o f outr a g e a n d in fi gh t in gs a n d sl a n ders a n d tra n s , ,

gre ssio n s of t h e co mm a n d m e n ts o f G o d a n d ye p e rish befor e ,

yo u r ti m e 4 More ove r win e r e v eale th t h e m yst e ri e s o f

. .
,

God a n d m e n e ve n a s I a lso r e ve a le d t h e co mm an d me n ts ,

of God a n d t h e m yste ri e s o f J acob m y fa ther to t h e Ca n a a n

4 E at ( A) a B S I
r e a d “
oo k t w h it t h f e e ar of t he Lor d and

f
.

ty d i k y
. .

“ ” ”
J oy . 0 re ads o ll y . m o de s r n e.
l 1
5 F or ever (B A S t h o u gh b S a dd F or if in ( y ou r ) g l a d n ess t h e f ea r of
it f t t
.

b e ore
“
ha m a
v t t
o G o d d ep a r t et h ( ef A SI , s a e h a for
d i th m
.

Begg a r a l ike dd a a f
s
“
an n e “ ”
g l a d n e s s , e bgbpo a bu y ef re a d
“
ol l y
”

t v c f lif ( p y
.

if i
,
‘
h e re is n o a d an e o e d gbpoo uuy ) b r e a ds “
ye dr n k
n oxo rr r fo r
th t t h y m k it t t f
.

f fis ) ,
“
w i e so . . a e a e no w h o u m o de s y a n d t h e e a r o f G o d
p g ro r e ss
”
p tt it t de ar e h
”
a om s h ro u gh h mt
XV I 1 W ith t h i v t g th
.

c pt
. .

s e r se o e er d g a re o rru
w it h x i x 1
.

l v
.
.

“
th f m y l d e o e o on e ea
3 B t if wi t ll ( ) f
i d l t y c mp C l iii 5
.
,
” u ne a a a a e

B t wh t t d i k
. .

e th t o o a r o are o
d y I ?d
f ic ti cl p i
. .
,
re a u a sa o no r n

b t I t ll y if it
“
orn a on , un e a n n e ss , a ss o n , “
t ll d i
e v il d i d c v t
e s re , a n t h w h ic h
p i bl f
o
d k wi
e o u sn e ss ,
t d
e
a a , u e o u, s

is i d l t y ; l E ph v 5
o a r
”

t ll
a so
A
y
d it i g d th i g
“
no
o ss e
”
or ou , o no ri n ne

f ic t cl
. .

o rn a or p n or
t d i k wi
un
t ll
ean
bg
e r so n n or
a a , an s a oo n

c v t m wh ich i
o e ou s id l t d f cti v
an ,
S c p t b t t d
s
t
an o a e r.
” n ot o r n
l
ne a a . a re

S l t x i v 1 xxi 1
e e a s o n o e on
pp t f
.
,
. .

su
e e

or
e .

a e
o rr u u en s o

H t d si
.

o i m fip m e re, . a . w s .
“
P f lig y ( d w t ) It
I f ig h t i g ( g ) B g A d f n n s a -
re a o
h dl y
fi h ti g
.
ro ac a r a ca n ar

cci d t wh S t P l w it
.

g n
b .
e an a en en . au r es
H
"

i p d l ( 30 e
' Bf y t im
wr n e pq e or e ou r e e re o k u Ka t u
l a — lj as
o vc a a
b iv 6
.
.

2 B y m d t w it h t h f f G d o r T R al T WT D s eu
e e o es g e ea r o o . . . . . .

b i g m d t w ith
.

I
( ) Bd S
“ b b l‘ d a
a d -
4 G d
re a d m bA e n dd t o es o an en . il o
th f f G d (d i k b w ith t li
. .

”
e e ar o o r n ou a en s

y j tific ti ppl i M 0 A
.

I
an us a B th h
on
(b d A S )
su
Bb d m es 060 6. a s ua . a. -
o .
 J U DA H — CH A P T E R S x v 4—x vm . . I 87

i bish wo m a n Ba thsh u a which God b a d e m e n ot to re ve a l , .

5 A n d wi n e is a c a u s e b o th o f w a r a n d co n fu si o n
. .

XV I I A n d n ow I c o m m a n d you m y childre n n ot to lo ve
.
, ,

m o n e y n or to g a z e u p o n t h e b e a u ty of wo m e n ; b e c a u s e f o r
,

t h e s a k e o f m o n e y a n d b e a u ty I was l e d a stra y t o Ba thsh u a

t h e Ca n aa n it e [ 2 For I k n ow that b e c a u s e of th e s e two

. .

thi n gs sh a ll m y r a ce fa ll in t o wick e d n e ss 3 For e v e n . .

wis e m e n a m o n g m y s on s sh a ll they m a r a n d shall ca u s e ,

the ki n gdo m o f J u dah to be dim i n ish e d which t h e Lo rd ,

ga ve m e beca u s e o f m y ob e die n ce t o m y fa th e r 4 For I . .

n e v e r c a u s e d gri e f t o J a c o b m fa th e r ; f o r a ll thi n gs wh a t
y ,

so e v e r h e c o m m a n d e d I did 5 A n d I saac t h e fa th e r o f . .
,

m y fa th e r bl e sse d m e to be kin g in I sra e l a n d J a cob

, ,

f u rth e r bl e ss e d m e in lik e m a n n e r 6 A n d I k n o w th a t . .

fro m m e shall t h e ki n gdo m be e st a blish e d

BA S
I

XV I I I A n d I k n ow For I h a v e a lso r e ad in
.

what e v ils ye will do in the t h e bo oks o f E n o ch t he

la st d a y s ] right e ou s wh a t e v ils ye will
do in t h e l a st d a y s ]
W hi h ( ) BS c d t wh m
a 56 O th k i g h i p f J d h cf
I
re a o o -
n e n s o u a

mit 2 ; T J d xx i 6 xx ii 3
. . . .

5 . a o s T Sim
. . v 11 u .

XV I I 1 A d w ( ) b d S d
. . .
. .
, .

I
5 I n
(d A )
no
Bd S a d Ab rea sa a c a re a ra
th f
. . . -

I h v f ll w d t h di g f
. .
”
m h“ Cd e g o
fgA
e re ore , h m a e a
a a e o o e e re a n o
t
.

d A b c cc d g t
.

N t g por t o S a ze u Ab h m w
on , e c e e n o e on e a use ra a as a or in o
T R b iv 1
.

v y c m p t ti d d b f J d h
eu e er o u a on ea e o re u a
xv ii 2 —xv iii 1 l h v b ck t d th i w b
. . . .

a e ra e e s as or n
cti l t dd iti
. . .
.

se on a s a It b k th a er a on re a s e 1
F th f my f th ( B A S )
c cti b tw xv ii 1 d xv iii 2
.

a er o a er e

t g d f th h c t
.

onne on e ee n an “ ” “ ”
d
. .

g re a s re a r an a er , an es o r .

2 F or ( Bd A. 0 re a ds -
an d . .

B less ed m e e bh b yna é
'

I n t o wi cked n ess ( eu n ov np la BSI )

ic c pt
.

it p iti f ic
.

“ wh h m ay be o rr u f o r nan: ( o r
01 re a d s n o t he e rd o n o f orn

ti
.

on , i t f ic ti
A
“
n o orn a on ( év n opv e lg )
a

.
firm ) ? “
ho se me
’
c
e bh bw o é as
’
.
,

3 B eca u s e of my obed ien ce t o m y Ba a i h e bew s r I c pa nh is h a rd l y e x

f a the r v i
.

For a r o u s re a s on s f or t h e
p ic it
l a bl e e h e r in He b re w o r G re e k
ii
.

i c ti
.

-
J
p re e m n e n e o f t h e r be o f u d a h see
I f e bh b'ync e is o r g n a l , h éy wu s h o u l d
t ft it i t
vii
J ewis h E n cy c 32 8 . . .
b e r es o re d a e r
He n e “
c
Cf 6 no e
bl e s se d m e , s a y n g h a I
. .

i
.

t t
.

4 Ca u s ed g r ief t o J a cob ( a a A b )
I
B a g S re ad c
.

“
if a u se d gr e t o t h e w o rd
.

s h o u ld b e k n g,
”
et c i .

c
-

of Jc a ob,
”
A c
a b * °d e g “
a u s e d gr e f t o i J a cob ( a d) .
Bd A SI - re a d Isa a .

Jca ob b y w ord s Th e B e is t xt I n like ma n n er ( BA S1 ) a. re a d s

t x ix
.

ci iffic t it
.

”
d e d e dl y t h e m o re d ul If is t h e h us Se e G e n l 8 12 -
for
ii Jc i
.

J
. . .

m
m or e o r g n a l , éh brrnc a X67 011
’
a o b s bl e s s n g o f u d ah

ic c pt
.

3 3 1 $ ‘mw a, w h h m a y b e
'
o rr u for XV I I I 1 A n d I kn ow ( ) a
BA Sl

t
.

v x
.

nj g n z fin e l f ina a re a d a s a bo Se e 1
‘
e . n o e on . .
88 TE STA ME N T S O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
2 . Bewar e
therefor e m y childre n o f forn ication a n d the
, , ,

lo v e of m o n ey a n d h e a rke n to J ud a h yo u r father , .

3 For these thi n gs withdraw y o u fro m t h e law of God

.
,

A n d bli n d t h e i n cli n atio n of the sou l ,

A n d t e a ch arroga n ce ,

A n d su ffe r n o t a m a n to ha v e co m p assio n u p o n his

n eighbo u r .

4 Th e y rob his so u l o f all good n e ss

.
,

An d O pp r e ss h im with toil s a n d troubles ,

rA n d dri v e away sl e e p fro m hi m l

,

A n d de v o u r his fl e sh .

5 A n d h e hi n d e r e th the sacrific e s o f God ;

.

rA n d h e r e m e m b e r e th n o t t h e blessi n g of G o d I
"

He h e ark e n e th n ot to a p ro p h e t when h e s p eaketh ,

A n d re se n t e t h t h e w o rds o f godli n e ss .

r6 For h e is a sl a v e to two co n tr a ry p assio n s

.
,

A n d ca n n ot o b e y God ,

Be ca u s e th e y h a ve bli n ded his so u l ,

A n d he walk e th in t h e day as in t h e n ight 1 .

X I X My childr e n t h e lo v e o f m on ey l e ad e th to idol a try

.
,

b e ca u se wh e n l e d astr a y throu gh m o n e y m e n n am e as gods

, ,

3 . Blin d , et c . Cf . x iii . 6 . mm 1 3 .
“
Le t us w a lk as in t h e
4 Dr ive a w a y s leep f rom h im ( a —r cv
.
day .

S I ’
X I X 1 Th e l ove of mon ey
b fi) B g d
’

ilrrr o v é Kc b Ke L on r a r o .
- . .

rea d p
p u t a w a y h is s l e e ( d gbw r ii y upta ) l ea de t h t o id ol a tr y Cf Co l
iii
. . .

vm / o u a irf o il ) tt x ct
Th e l a e r a g re e s e a l y 5 r h e o ue gta u nr t s éa r iv e ldwh a h a r pla
.

it x ii v v
.

a nd E ph 5 n h e ovéx r ns 6 e a r w
’

w h t h e G r e e k o f Sir l 9 , s a e in
'
. .

i S i c pp
. .

T h e yr a s u o rt s t h e e idwh ok dr ns Th e se c a n h a r dl y b e
a dd n g d u r cfi p
c i ci c
.

f cti v
.

au r ofi Th e He b re w is d e e e h e re o n d e n es ¢ Lh a p7 vpla an d n h e ouefila ,
t t i t
.

t i
.

v
.

Bo h G re e k e r b s m a y b e re n d e r n g s h ou gh h e y d ffe r s o m e w h a in m e an
of p
O n h ra se se e T Sim iv 8 c t
in g, o u ld b o h b e r en d e r n g s o f na me i
N xt v t t t
. . . .

BA S yxnn e w e o b se r e ha h e re
5 H h
I
k th ( ) d
.

d h h k th
e ea r en e
”
a . rea
v p
m a y h a e b e en a l a y u on w ords in p
an e e ar en e .

ii
t h e o r g n a l , i e yxj l e a d n g t o (an i
i tt vi c t
. .

6 F h i l i
Cf Ma
s a ve a s s on s
or p e s a
d ol ) 2 4 “ Ye a n n o
b i g
.
,
. . .

v S
.
1 “
an d ( f) S ad F a e rea or e n a
se r e G o d a n d m a mm o n h e m ra b
l v t p i c t y t th
.

p
.

s a th e o e a s s on s on ra r o e
121 3 q u i o e s s u a s mu l t ip l ic a t p er
c mm dm t f G d b g
o an en s o o
”
a re c or
i
f o en u s ,
.

i t
l l e e s t d o l a ra Ph l o , D e i
p t b t i m p l y ch t x t
.

I
i
.

S
ru u su a e as a e .
Mon 2 dpy bpt ov Ka i x ua lor t bs
Cf M tt v i 2 4 Y c t v
. .

“
. a . . e an n o se r e dy a l wa Bel a y e u dbbr ow Ona a vpogbvh a
‘

G od an d m a mm o n .
Ko fia w
i
.

W a lketh in the da y . Cf . Ro m . I d ol a t r y ( a ) B A S I
re a d “
d ol s . .
90 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
writt e n u p o n h e a rts o f m e n a n d e a ch o n e of th e m t h e
t he ,

Lord kn owe th 4 A n d there is n o ti m e at which the works . .

o f m en ca n b e hid ; for o n the h e art its e lf ha ve they b e e n

writt e n d o wn rb e fore t h e Lo rd ‘ 5 A n d t h e sp irit o f tru th . .

t e s t ifi e t h a ll thi n gs a n d a cc u se th a ll a n d t h e si n n e r is b u r n t ,

rh his o w n b e a r t l a n d c a n n ot r a is e his fa ce [ to t h e u d e l
u
p y j g ,
.

X X I A n d n o w m y childre n I co mm a n d y o u l o v e
.
, , ,

Le v i th a t ye m a y a bid e a n d re xalt n o t yo urs e l v e s a gai n st

, ,

him l l e st ye be u tt e rly d e stroy e d

,
2 FFo r to m e t h e L o rd . .

ga ve t h e ki n gdo m a n d to h im the p ri e sth o od a n d He s e t t h e , ,

ki n gdo m b e n e ath t h e p rie sthood 3 To m e He gav e t h e . .

thin gs u p on t h e e a rth ; to him t h e thin gs in t h e h e ave n s .

4 A s t h e h e a v e n is high e r th a n t h e e a rth so is t h e p ri e sthood

.
,

o f God high e r th a n t h e e a rthly ki n gd o m u n l e ss it fa lls away ,

h t f m (m
ear s o en b t m y p b in us )
5 t d h y ué ; u an o o vr wr ’
Ka rr o o ov z/ wr
c an l a so it th wr hi w h t J ph Ap 2 1 8 é
e ese on b c os o n e ar os e 0 11
’
xa c r os a r o T
'‘

cc d i g t P v iii 3 it t h m
,

\V h v h
. . . .

a or n o ro de € w u p p fi wr e e (I nva s 1 a r v o u e a e e re

t bl f t h y h t ific ti i t h c
. . .
,

m k bl p
”
on th e a D
es o ea r an : a re ar a e e r so n a on n e a se

Th w d f h t i e f th p i it f t th I S t P l
or or
“
e ar s
”
n o
“
e s r o ru
”
n au

t x t i 66 b t th i i d c ci c w ith t h ci t
. .

our e s 07 th 0; u s s u se as a e on s en e , as e an en s,

re n d i g f ? i E x d xxv iii 2 3 2 6
er n o a w th
n f c l t y w h ich p d j d g
o
“
as e a u a sse u

m t p cti f t th y w d
. .
, .

4 T xt f l l w B g A S
‘

e A o i o s a 0 I - b s en u on a on s a er e er e on e

m ch c
-

d f ct v A d th
. .

e e i ed i
a re a t s :
“ th g n l e re s no no so u as e e n era s ou r e

ti m i w h ich t h w k f m bl i g ti (S d y
.

”
e n f m l e or s od en can o ora o a on an a an

c p Him f v t h b t f H d l m R m p
es a e or e en
Ie re a s s o ea a on o a n s, n o ur

t xt h w v t h ffic f t h p i it f
.

th i be r one s b éw ar u e o e e r, e o e o e s r o

t th i t c fi d t j dgm t
,

w i tt a re by t h L d r en e or ru s no on ne o u en on

o th h u t i t lfe B g S
ea r d t cti l
se dy d b t pp a t I
.

re a u a o ns a re a on e , u a ea r s o

v c i p i ti
-

ic
.

h b f C f
a r r le t
ib b é b m y 5
fiar w h
wu h a ro z a e e en a s ou r e o ns ra on
s 3 3
. .

s h ould h v b da d e th 1
e en re n e re
“
on e v er . .

h e art it l f Cf K t h 77 b w m y B t p by h i w h t Cf T
se
”
e b r
a n a
ur n u s o n ea r . . .

it cc t d v 3
. . .
,

d “
f t h G ou n o a
1 3 03 ! y o on a . .

h on our it l f Th i i d i m i f m i li
se
”
X XI Th p s mi c f L vi i
o s a ar e re - e n en e o e s

f c dh
. .

i th O T b t th
n e d f th w d i u e or i T R b i 5 12 T
er o e or s s e n or e e re a s n eu v -

di f t Cf E x d xx i v 1 0 Sim v 5 v ii 1 2 viii 1 1 1 7
. . . . .
,

e re n : T L o ev -

J b xx i 2 3 A m it b b c xvi ii 2 qq T N ph v 4
. .
. . .
, .
,
. . .
,
’
o o s a r e wu e a use s a

i t lligibl d S m d t h t x t
. . . . . . . .

I c mm d y l v
I
un n e e, l an e en s e e “
o an ou , o e
.

w r on gl y l v I “ ”
.

BA S d rea o e .

5 Th p i it f t e t h t tifi t h
s llr o ru es e a
E lt t y l g i t h im
Cf J h xv 2 6 e
.

aa no ou rs e ves a a ns
’

Cf T R b v i 5 t
.

t hi g n d ( BA )
s, an . . o n . r
. . eu . . no e .

n ue fiu fy dh nfi t
a r u p pn
s e as a rv a ei

m it t t ifi t h ll t h i g
4 A th h i th p i t s e ea ve n s is e r es
p éu i}
.
7T€ L o a o s es e a n s

th b t h d
.

1 h d f G d h ig h “ ( B f d ” oo o o er a rea s
d 8 d h
t h p i th d f G d i h i gh
an re a s e a re o an ”
w h ich i c l ly c pt
,
f or s o e r es oo o o s er .

s ear orru

c th
.

T t ifi thes e H h ig h th th th Of a c u se ea ven er an e ea r

T L vi xiv 3
. .

( ry p )
Ka r r i C fo R m
e 1 5 .
u u p . o . 11 . a v a . e . .

di t hly ki g d m
‘

p b n
r v o a b d fi
s a r d U l
w it f ll
r s a ux
/a v c e s) : an n es s a s ea r n o

63 h m / 65 K b d m th
.

M g) dh h nh w
er a t n u r gh h m t
1 o o4 . 1! ar o . ro u .
 JU D A H —CH A P T E R S XX .
—
4 XXI . 8 91

thro u gh sin from t h e Lord a n d is d o m i n a t e d by t h e e a rthly

ki n gdom 1 5 For rt h e a n ge l o f t h e Lord s a id u n to m e l :
. .

Th e L o rd chos e h im rath e r th a n th e e to draw n e a r t o Him , ,

a n d t o e a t o f His t a bl e I a n d t o o ffe r Him t h e fi r s t fr ui t s l o f

'

t h e choic e thi n gs o f t h e so n s o f I sra e l ; bu t th o u sh a lt be

ki n g o f J acob .

6 A n d tho u shalt be a m o n gst them as t h e sea

. Fo r .

as o n t h e sea j u st a n d u nj u st a r e toss e d a b o u t rs om e
, , ,

take n i n to c a p ti v ity while so m e a re e n rich e d ‘ so a lso sh a ll ,

e v e ry r a c e o f m e n be in the e : som e shall be i m p o v e rish e d ,

b e in g tak e n cap ti ve r a n d oth e rs grow rich by p lun d e ri n g ,

t h e p oss e ssio n s o f o t h e r s l .

7 Fo r t h e ki n gs sh a ll be a s s e a m o n st e rs
.
-
.

Th e y sh a ll swa llow m e n lik e fish e s .

Th e so n s a n d d a u ght e rs rof fr e e m e n 1 sh a ll th e y e n sl a v e ;
‘

H o u ses l a n ds flocks m o n e y shall th e y p l u n d e r

, , ,
:

n d with t h e fl e sh o f m a n y sh ll th e y w o d
r ll 1 fe e
8 . A a r n
g f u
y
t h e ra v e n s a n d the cr a n e s ;
5 F th g l f th L d
or eid anti cti i f ll f d iffi c l ti f m
e o e or sa en re se on s u o u es ro

wh t v t d p i t w g d it
.

un o t m ( ) BA S e d F
a
l
re a
“
or a e e r s an o n e re ar

d f cti v h
. . .

I
Cl l y BA S XXI 6 A m g t (
e ar a re e e
f g) b d
e e re on s a. e a rea
w h ich i
.
. .

“
Th A d
ee y r ea t s ou , s an “
o
tt m pt t m d i g d f cti v t xt
.
.

a e a en Th n
( if ) a b A de e e e e s ea a. a ( e re a a se a
v ii
.
, .

T t f H 0 t bl
a Cf T L
o

1e
is a e ev 1
J t d j t (B f A f
. . . . .
us an u n us -
a a. a
16 no e

H m th
.

d j t rea
“
us

T xt
.

T f o o er f th i
W ill b imp
e
i h d d o e

BS
e o ve r s e e re a s

w h ich h ich
.

h th g ( ) d th fi t
c

ru
o i ce

s o
in s

f it f t h ch ic th i g ; A t h t h t l t h ld h v p ct t d
e
a
w d
.

o
u
e
D D
re a

n s
”
e
“
rs

e
vve o vc w JJ D
‘
,
w

c h ic th i g
o e n s
= d w h ic h
e ra n s a o r s ou a e un ua e

m
.

x fi w a s nua o o 1rr w e i cro va a or

Th h l t b ki g f J
ou s a b Cf e n o a co
,

xvii 5 6 th gh l y f d i E ccl i v 1 3
.

- ou on ou n n es

cti c t i x 1 5 1 6 i c mm i S y i c A bic
. .
,

XXI 6—XX I I I Th i
. .

s se on an n o s o on n r a ra

d E th i p ic Th f m d w h ic h
.
, , , , ,

It c ti
. .

b l g t th g
e on dw k
o e ro u n w or on s an o e or er or

v p l mic g i t t h k i g i f d l y i E ccl x 9 i f q t
.
.

t t u es a s e e re o e a a ns e n s s ou n on n es s re u en

i l t t x t
. .

( xx i 6 .p b b l y A i t b l I I ro H a b w T h d m d
r s o u us .
n a er e
'
re . e e e an s an

an d Hy I I ( 70 4 0
r ca n u s F 1 111 1 A U -
or 3 11 3 3 1 6 5 3 00 T O UT O J W

ci v i l t if i d l t v
.

l
s r d th
e s Th p
we i f on
BA S
an e o er e oss es s on s o
t h w f t h J wi h m c h y b y m
ro o e e s on a r o

li ( xx ii 1 7 W ith t h i v f 1 S m v ii i
.

a en s i th R m e e o an s, a s s e rse o a

i T Z b ix 2 4 t h h d it 1 1 1 7
. . .
,
. . . .

n e 0 th -
u e o er an -

m t b d mi tt d th t t h d c i p ti
. . . .
, .

us e a S e d d gh t a Cf 1 S m e es r on on s an au ers a

f t h v i it ti ( xxiii 3 5) th t I v iii 1 1 1 3
. . .

o e s a l
on s -
a s ra e

t th i p i d Cf 1 S m v iii 1 4
. . .
,

s h ld
ou d en ure m H a l d t s er o a re ore o u ses , an s, e c a

i k p i g w it h t h f ll f J l m
. . . . .

1
n ee n fil y ( bA) eBb 8 a o e r u sa e on e a -

p c ti
.

i 58 8
n th B C d or 8 W il l t d e i il i
e rs e u t on un er a va n ce n ev n cove o us

A ti c h
. .
, .
,

E p iph I d d th p l if t d i ( p bgb é l ? w Ka la
‘
n o us anes . n ee e n ess u e n ox o va rr
92 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
th e y shall la dva n ce 1 n e v il in co ve to u s n ess u p
IA n d ' ‘

lifte d
9 A n d th e r e shall be fa ls e p ro p hets rl ik e 1 t e m p ests
.
,

A n d they sh a ll p ers e c u t e all right e o u s m e n .

XX I I A n d t h e Lord shall bri n g u p o n th e m di v ision s

.

I o n e agai n st a n oth e r 1

A n d th e r e shall be rc o n t in u a l 1 wars in I srael ;

2 A n d a m o n g m e n of a n oth e r r a c e shall m y kin gdom be
.

bro u ght to a n e n d ,

U n til t h e sa l v a tio n o f I sra e l sh a ll com e ,

r
U n t il the a pp e a ri n g of t h e God of rig h t e Ou sn e s sl ,

Th a t J a cob [a n d all t h e G e n tiles ] m a y re st in p e ac e .

3 A n d He sh a ll gu a rd t h e m ight of m y ki n gd o m for e v er
.

For the Lord swa re to m e with a n o a th th a t He wou ld

n o t d e stroy t h e ki n gdo m f ro m m
y s e e d for e v er .

XX I I I Now I ha v e m u ch grie f m y childre n b e caus e of .

, ,

yo u r l e wd n e ss a n d witchcra fts a n d idolatrie s which ye shall ,

(B f o -
a )é h r gia t l bu m)
Ka x c w i v l i m i t i k p i g with t h
‘
v n e ov e i/ o eu un ersa s s no n ee n e

P h p it m y b t h y w i ll t m p f th i cti
.

“
er a ds d a e ren ere e e er o s se on

i c v t th y g t
.

g w w
ro orse H w ld
n ot f
e o u sn e s s ( A v as e e e ou no or ever a sa e

pl ift d c m p i g 2 Tim ii 1 6 é l th t m f m my
.

” “
u e o ar n Th rr a e o ro e

th th iti v y c f d bg
. . .
,
’

rr h y ap
e i ou
p bgb d Bl d n ox o va w ae e a s, an o er au or e s a re er on u s e

iii 1 3 Th m H b w w ld p b t h k i g d m h ll t f il f m
.

“
e sad e e re ou ro re a e n o s a no a ro

bl y xp l i t xt d 2 Tim ii 1 6 m d m y d ll t h d y f v
. .

”
a e a n ou r e an e an see a e a s or e er
T xt f my k i gd m h l d t f il f m
. . .

9 F l p p h t l ik t mp t
“
a se ro e s e e es s e a n o s ou no a ro

ti f ct y v
. .

my
’
see m s u n sa s a d ll t h d y
or )f se e a e a s, a or e er

c t h k i gd m t f il
.

XX II 1 Di i i g i t th A t tv s on s on e a a n s a no er ,
“
no o au se e n o o a

ci v il w b t w A i t b l t t t k t h k i gd m S ) f m m y
. .

’
‘
i. eth . e a rs e e en r s o u us no o a e e n o , ro

II d Hy an I I 70 4 0 Cf d
r ca n u s ll t h d y S) f v -
B C s ee a e a s,
’
1
or e er

T Z b ix 2 4
. . . . . .

e 3 N t d t y t h ki g d m f m my
-
o es r o e n o ro

D i g t h ci v i l xv ii 5 6 t Th t x t migh t
. . . . .

C ti l w
on n ua d S a rs ur n e see ee -
no e e e

i g f Al x d J x l i x 1 0 Th c p
. . . .

w i th
a rs n e re b b d G n o e an er a nnae u s e a se on en e s e t re
Jw id t h v p i h d h ll t d p t f m J d h t
. .
,
”
e s a re s a o a e er s e s a no e ar ro u a e c

( S ch u HJ P i l XX II I I f A i igh t i m itti g t h
.
,

re r, F m th ro e s r n o n e

d t h f Al x d cc i f ph g i t t h k i gd m i
. . . . . .

ea t
o th e an er o 1 e a e s s on o ra s e a a ns e n o n ver

d P l ti f t h i ch p t i im pl y d ci ti f
,

h dl y v
.

H er o w a es ne as ar e er re e s a er s s a enu n a on o
f m ci v i l t if
ro s rth vi l f t h J w i h ti
e e e s o e e s na on as a

p dicti f t h j dg
.

2 Sh l l my ki g d m b b a gh t t wh l d n o e r ou o an o e, an a re on o e u

m t th t h ll b f ll it i w h ic h t h
.

en d t i 40 f e J w w n ld t B C or a e ou no en s a s a e a n e

ty J w i h d icti i c l d b y t h cc t f
, . . .
,

re g d t h Id m
ar dy e u e an nas as e s on s o ou re e a ou n s o

i t h f l l f J l m i 58 8
.

U t il t h l ti
n t Th M e s a va on , e c it e e ss e a o e ru s a e n or s
ic k i gd m f t ld i wh ich J d h ff i g d A ti ch E piph
.
,

an n o o re o n u a su er n s un er n o us an e s

t d t th h g m y
, .

I
w ld b
ou e re s o r e I A d id l t i ( BA S )
o m e e e on n o a r es 0. c

c f th i p h i g i t
. .

I h v Th p
. .

[A d ll th n G t il ] a e en es a e e r e se n e o s ra s e s a a ns

b ck t d t h i p h i t p l th g i g i t t h ki g
.

“
ra e e s f ra s e as an n er o a e e n u n e n e ss o a a ns e n

ti on It i . mitt d b y A d th i s d m o e ,
an s o .
”
94 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
t e mp l e o f God ] the l a yin g waste o f the l a n d the e n slave , ,

m e n t o f yo u rsel ve s a m o n g t h e G e n til e s 4 A n d th e y . .

sh a ll m a k e so m e o f yo u e u n u chs for th e ir wi ve s .

1
a. 5 A s

5 U n til t h e Lord v isit

. U til ye t u rn un to the 5 . n

y o u wh e with
,
p er f e ct Lord with p e r fe ct h e a rt re
n

h e a rt ye re p e t a n d walk i p e n ti n g a n d walki n g in a ll
n n

a ll His co mm a n d m e ts a n d t h e co m m a n d m e n ts o f God n , ,

He bri n g you u p fro m c a p a n d t h e Lord v isit o u with

y
t iv it y a m o n g t h e Ge n til e s m e rcy a n d bri g you u p . n

fro m ca p ti vity a m o g t h e n

G e n til e s .

c m d ( 1 M cc i v
ons u e N ic xx 1 8 E ch w i t h c t a a n or u nu s ere n e o ur s

tl y th t d t b t h f t h H d i L d ti m
. . . .

b q J ’
su se u en re a e n e o urn e o e e ro s n o ur or s e 03
t m pl 1 M v ii 2 6 38 J A t A t xv 7 4 xv i 8 1
.

e e : a ce -
os n n

S i c A m t hi p h v th t
. . . . . . . .

b v
. .
,
1
x ii .10 4 5 5 Bb A S dn e o s ra s e , -
re a as a o e sa e a

ch i ci d t cc d i t h f til by A d
. . .
.
,
” “ ”
an d no su n en d wh o u r re n e or un re a an en ,

fi tc t y
rs I h v b c k t d th i
e n ur d f B C, m m dm t f G d a d e ra e e s an or
“
co an en s o o an

cl Hi c m m d
. .

“
a us e th L d A d e or re a s s o an

m t
.
,
”
L yi g w t f t h l
a n d Cf P as e o e an . . ss . en s

S l XV
.

o 13 II Th L d i it y wh e or v s ou en

N ti l p t c w
. . .

E l m t f yn s a ve l m g th y en p t o our s e ves a on e e re en a ona re en a n e as

A ti ch t cc d i g t m t J w i h t ch
.

G t il en E p iph
es n o us a n es s en a or n o os e s ea e rs

A p ll i ( 2 M cc v 2 4) t H l l i th p c di ti t ti f
.

’
o on u s a f G d o e en se e re on on o o s re s o ra on o

J l m O f ch i t Hi p pl O th h ld th t v y
. .

e r u sa e ff d su as o ere re s s s eo e e rs e a e er
c t h m w p t t t h w d th i g w p d ti d d w ld c m
. .

an e, e en e re u o e s or n as re es ne an ou o e
an d th w m d c h i ld
e ld i t o b t i d p d tl y f t h
en an cti f re n so n o a ou n e en en o e a on o

l v y 1 M cc i 2 9 4 0 ; 2 M cc
s a er m Th a q ti i d i c d i -
a an is ues on s s u sse n

v 2 32 6 J A t x ii 5 4 I l t S h 9 7 9 8 b tw El i
. . . .
,

os n b n a er an b 2"
e een e zer en
ti m wh P mp y c p t d J l m Hy k
. . . . . . .

es en o d J h e b Ch a
j u re e r usa e r a nus an os ua en a n an a

c i d ff A i t b l A f li k it i id i J b
.

( 63 h e wa rr e o r s o u us s or e ar er or s s sa n u

t mb f cl v J i t i 1 5 1 7 2 3 ; A M i 1 8 ; B
.

an d g a re a nu er o e er e ws n o -
ss os ar
c p ti v ity t R m Cf Ph il D i v 2 8 37 A p c B l xxviii 6 7 th t
.
, . . . .

a o o e o, e .
-
o ar a

G d w i ll v i it t I l t
. . . . .
, ,

l g ti
e a d C j m 23 P on e a S l 6 a a d , ss . o . 11 .
, o s an r e s o re sra e o

a t l i u o lx h w l a npd th i l d
a th i p t c
aa a n ov
'
e r own an on e r re en a n e.
xvii 1 4 S ch ti l p t c i i m pl i d i
.

‘
é é m fiu p é 2 éd l
’

v a t v 70 s ue a t , a so u na on a re e n an e s e n

T Z b ix 6 Ag i
.

D i l p y D ix 4 19 S ’
e i th y a n n e ear an e s ra er, an -
ee

i L gi ft p B l d b g M i i h Ap k H f
. . . . . . .

49 C C
B C a ss u s on n us a e r su a en s er er , es s a n s e -
o o

p ig v l t d Pit h l
. .
.
, .

3
r e ss n a g re 1 9 03 o 218 qq ; B un t er o au s , n un en s ous s e
c i d ff J w i t l v y R lig i d J d th m 368 qq ;
, , .
,

a rr e o e s n o s a er e on es u en u s, s

A t x i v 7 3 B ll J d i 8
.

(J os n V l J ud E h t l g i 1 1 2 ; W b e u o z, sc a o o e, e e r,
i h bit t f J ud Th l g i 348 qq
. . . . . . . . .

Z
an d i 43 ld t h n so e n a an s o eo o e , s
l v t
. .

E mm Th m d Lydd
a u s, F m a p t i it y
n a, a n S 3 a as s a es ro ca v e e n o e o n ve r
th y w i t h Th d i p d J w c i t d f t
. . .

wh en bl t e ere una e o r a se e e s e rs e e s on s s e o wo
su m f m y l vi d p
o th m ( A t c l
on e t h w h h d v l t i ly
e e u on e n a sse s : o se o a o un a r

x i v 1 1 2 ; B ll J d i 1 1 1 ttl d i th l d d th wh
.

e u se e n o er an s, an o se o

i f m ti t thi h d b c i d w y c p ti v O
. .
. . . .
,

4 W fi d e n no n or a on o s a een a rr e a a a e n

ff ct i c cti w ith A ti ch t h t bli hm t f t h M i ic

. .

e e n onn e on n o us e es a s en o e e ss a n

E piph l t It w
an es , or th c t m k i g d m ll w a er t b b gh t b c k as e us o n o a e re o e rou a

ki g P l ti x c 33 ; Si
.

o f th f B b yl
e t m k t n s 1 E
o a on o a e o a es ne , n r.
ch f c pti v p i c 2 Ki g xxxvi 1 1 P S l xv 2 8 50 t
. .

e un u s o a e r n e s, n s . ss . o 11. e c.
.
, ,
 J U DA H — CH A P T E R S XXIII .
—
4 XX I V . I 95

1
a
BS A

XX I V A d a ft e r th e se A n d a ft e r th e s e thi n gs
. n

thin gs shall a sta r a ris e to shall a ris e t h e st a r o f p e a c e ,

o u from J ac o b i p ea ce n
y ,

A n d a m a n sh a ll a rise

[f r m m y s e e d ] like toh e ,

s u n o f right e o u s n e ss ,

W a l ki g with t h e so s of A n d h e sh a ll w a l k wi t h
n n

m e n in m e e k n e ss a d m e n in m e e k e ss a d n n n

right e o u s n e ss righte o u s e ss n .

XXI V Th i ch p t i c m p t s a er s o osi e xv 111 6 cf T L W ith ver 13 ev

1 4 p k xp l icit l y f xv w it h 1
. .

cf
.

ith
. . .

gh v
. .

3a ; h
Th ou erse s -
s ea e o 111 4 x vn i a
; w
1 cf it h 3 cf xv
.

M i h f h i ch ct
. .

a e ss a d th o s a ra er an e 0
9 ; x v111 3 w 2‘
11 1

Fi
.

i g th t w t cc m p y h i
.

4 m y h v b
.
, .

bl e ss n s a e re o a o an s ll y na dd d ver a a e e en a e

dv t v 5 6 t k bj ct by t h i t p l t
.

a en p th e rs e s a e u e su e f v
e 5 6 b t
n er o a or o e rse s u

if t p b bl y it m gi l
, , , , ,

m
'

ane w d h d
as y t b
no a w or a as e een ore ro a a ros e as a ar na

sa i d b t it H c t h a ou p b en e e se ar e ro gl o ss .

i d p d t M i ic f g
.

a bl y t w o n e en en e ss an ra 1 Sh a ll a s t a r a r ise
.
f r om J a c ob
m t en s Fi t l t c id v rs e us on s er e rs e s ( d va r e h e i a a r po v
v p t diffic l t y xx i v
.

1 4 -
Th e se e rse s re se n no u Fro m Nu m 17 Cf T Le v
x c p t i t h c f l w h ich i mitt d xv
. . . . . . .

e e n e a se o hd so e 111 3

t th
. .

b y A b t w h ic h i BS p u n a
I
re r e se n s e I n p ea ce ( eu e lpn v )
y I n T Lev
M i h ii gf mJ dh Nw xv iii v
.
, . .

e ss a a s ar s n ro u a o 3 w e h a e eu o bpa u cfi I s our
t xt c pt
.

5 6 w h ic h c t i l y t ch t h
.

v
.

ers e s er a n ea e e o rru

d c t M i h f m J ud h
, ,

A nd ma n s h a ll r is e ( Ka i
’
e s en f th o e e ss a ro a a oLI/ a a r fi
pc i
,

i m pl y h v l asdy m k d we a e a re a re ar e o er a i d u dpw rr o s ) Fr o m t h e e u l ar

th t t h M i h h d t b t xt cf xx i v
.
,

pk
,

a e e ss a a no e en s o en e o f t h e LXX, Nu m 17
f i t h p c di g v H c if
. . .

o n e re e n e rs e s en e, w h e r e t h e Heb re w h a s “ A n d a sce t r e
p
th y b l g t t h i g i l v i
.

e e on 1 3 o e or na e rse s -

( p a w) s h a l l r s e He re t h e T a r g O n k
c t Bt i gi l T t i i
.
, . .

ann o th u as e or na es a h as
“
Me ss a h , t h e Ps J o n “ Me s s ah -

m t p k l y f Th ph y ( c pt J
. . .
,
”
and s e a n d Ta rg
“
en s s ea on o a eo an se e re , er Re d e e m e r
T A h v ii M i h f m L vi f ct
. .

”
s or a e ss a ro e a n d r u l er Th e se a s sh o w e a r l y
c c l d th t v
.
,

iv t i t p t ti
. . .

w e on 5 6 w
u e a e r se s e re d e rg e n n er re a o n s o f s aw

it i t p ti
,

d d d p b bl y b y t h
, .

a e m ro a e sa e n er [Fr om m y s eed ] A n n e r o l a o n
p l t
o a or, t w h m w w xx io 6 —xx iii o e o e f t t
ro m t h e s a m e h a n d v
h a a d d e d e rse s
N xt l t c id 1 3 Th v q t ci
. .

e e us on s er -
e se e rs e s 5, 6, o r so me s u b se u e n s r b e
m yc tit t i d p d t f g m t
. .

a on s u e an n e en en ra en L ike t h e s u n of r igh t eo u sn e s s Fr o m
t th M i h f m J d h ( iv xv
.

a b ou e e ss a ro u a so Ma l 2 O f T Le v 111 4, t h e
f m q t c ix
. . . . . . .

b th w d l “
u o a t i on r e u r s in T Z e b
ve r 1 i BS ) n a or e or s ro 8
i t p l ti
. . . . .
,

my d m yb
se e d a e an n er o a on , a n W a l kin g w it h t h e s on s of men See
v f t th M i h f m v ii v
.

th e e rs e s r e er o e ess a ro T I ss 7 ; T Da n 13 Of
L vi xv iii d l h it t t
. . . . . . . .

e i T L as n ev an e se w e re 1 E n l x 11 1 4 “ W h h a So n o f Man
l tt pp iti i I th i k i t i
. . . . . .

Th e a er su os on s, n w ll h e y e a t a n d l ie d o w n an d r s e u p
cl l y i v v
,

r igh t f v 1 3 g or e r se s -
a re e so o se n f or e e r a n d e e r
d icti d m tt w ith t h t i
.
,

on an g a er e re a Al ec/mes s a n d r ig h t eou s n es s Th s
f J h c ti f
.

h ym i h n n Hy i
o n ou r o o n r ca n u s n o m b in a on is ou n d in Ps x l v 4
xviii th t b th h y m pp
. .

T L ( pas ap p in LX X n pa br nr os Ka i 5t Ka t O
-
ev a o ns a e ar

t b f m th f
. . .

o e m h d ro d t e sa e an an o re er c e r nsd i m il l y t h T g m
an d s ar e ar u
t J h Hy
o o Th
n 2 f rca nu s u s ver r e er s
V lg t ) h c h
u a e it p td w i w as n er re e as
an

B th Q l v c h f d t th t
.
a
.

M i ic P l m b y t h T g m ( cf
.

t o th e a o ou sa e o a e ss a n sa e ar u
li g p i t cf T L ty 0 Ki g M i h
.

p ph t i d ev “
rO e c an ru n r es . . .
ve r 2 . Th y b ea u , n e ss a
,
96 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R IA R C H S
A nd n o s in shall be f o u n d
in h im .

2 A n d t he
. h e a v e n s shall the h e a v e n s shall
An d
be o p e n e d u n to h im , be O p e n e d u n to h im ,

To p o u r o u t t h e s p irit , A n d t h e bl e ssin gs o f the

( e v e n ) t h e blessi n g o f t h e Holy Fath e r will be

H oly Fa th e r ; p ou re d d o w n u p on h im .

3 . A n d He sh all p o u r o u t t h e A n d He will p o u r dow n

sp irit of grace u p o n you ; u p on us t h e S p irit o f
grac e .

Andye shall be u n to Him A n d ye shall be His tr u e

s o n s in tr u th ,
childre n by adop tio n ,

A n d ye sh a ll w a lk in His A n d ye sh a ll wa lk in His

i g s t th th t f t h
r e a er fm an ) a o e s on s o en h im 1 2 Cf l
x 11 P S l xv ii 42 a so ss . o

xv iii 8
, . . . . .
,

an d l by t h l t
a so Jw A M i e a er e s e ss .

ic i t p t t w l gi v t it
. .

an n er r e a i on as a so en o N i h ll b f
o s n s d i him Cf a e ou n n

S l xv ii 4 1 w h M i h i
.

it d t h titl
.

by th LXX ; f e or re n ers e e, P ss o th e re e e ss a s

i d t b d pb d o du p l Th
. . .

A f
so n l v A o g b t o es as
“
s on a ou sa o e Ka a s rr a r as us
g
A th ph f th i i h t d p t f m h m it y
.

th B l v d e e o e no er ras e o s th M e e ss a s an s a ar ro u an

G c i p i f i th i p ct f i i i v l d
.

P s l 2 x v d “
d ra e s ou re s ou n n s re s e or s n s un e rs a an

t i c p t cf G v i 5;
,

v th i c mb i ti
. .

i n ve r 3 M or e o er, s o na on h m u a n n a ur e s o rr u : en

1 Ki g v iii 46 ( t h th t
. .

p ith t i c cti ith t h

.
. .

“
o f e e s n on n e on w e n s i m e re s no an a

M i h i tt t d b y Z c h i x 9 i t h t P c xxx 3 J b x iv 4 ;
.

e ss a s a es e e . s nn e no s o

E cc l Th i
. . .

T h y k i g c m th t th igh t P v xx 9
.

“
n o e o ee, r e o us ro ii 2 0 es v s
— p q l it y f i l
. . . . .

d l w l ( ) h ld b l g t
(g )an g y an
p og u a a ss a e ua o s n e ssn e ss s ou e on o

t li th t h th i d c t y e r en ur B C th M i h
e i c h
e ss ai ti lly s n e e s e s se n a
an
igh t
,
no e ar er
p wy
. .

( N w oc k a d S t d ) Th i c
an c p ti a e s on e on r d ll i w
e ou s a n

t
t a s n as o as s a a

i h w til l c t th
.

d hi l T L
f th M u rr e n e re un er s ru e : se e no e on ev
as s
xviii 9
. .

o e e ss a ,

f who re , th w t A g i w ith
e n ou r au or ro e a n . .

2 Thi v xpl i d
.

ou r t xt c m p l Z ph ii 3 S k
e o are a s o e
“
ee i t b s e rs e s o e e a ne as

f i g t t h B th Q l w h ich w
. . .

r i gh t k m k
e o u s n e ss , s e e O th ee n e ss er r e e rr n o e a o as

t d t J h Hy
.
,

wi thse q l ity f m k e ua t o ee n e ss IS no g ra n e S T
o o n r c a n us ee
xviii 6 t
. .

a tt ib t d t t h M i h i J i h
r u e o e e ss a n ew s T L . ev . . no e .

l it t b t w 2 00 d 1 00 e en B C an A D A d th h t S t
‘

e ra u re e . .
n e ea ven s , e c ee no e on

g i m ti
. .

xviii 6 O f 1 E x i 1 I will
.

“
M k ee i n ess d s a a n en on e as a T L ev n
“

ihi TD p t h t c h mb ig
. . . . . . .

c h t
a ra c ti f th M
v ri s c o e e ss a n . an o en e f bl s or e a er s o e ss n
vi 9 t th i p g i it p t '

ou s a ss a e n s r e se n w h ic h i th h v a re t d th m n e ea en o se n e

f m m Ch i t p t h th
. .

”
or se e s r s ia n d w o n u on e ear
A cc d i g t
.
.

Rig h t eou s n e ss th or n o e
T p t th p i it ( ) th
ch t h S f M i t h bl i g f th H ly F th Of P O ou r ou e s r even e
.

“ ,
B k f E
oo o no e on o an s e

Ri gh t l l 2 l iii 6
, ess n o e o a er ss

S l xv ii 4 2 6 0 0
. . .

O ne h Xx x v l : e
p yi
e ou s b b Ka r e i
i gh t d ig ht
.
.
,
o
‘
6 9 c a a ro a r u
p
. .

e o u s n e ss an r e o us '
o ss e ss e s r d o bu dy p w
’

w ith h im x l v i 3
'
ar v é l’ n ve an tc .

n e ss d w ll e s d ,
an on
3 F A d y h ll b w lk
“
.

th g e d f hi
ro u n ti l igh t o
i t th
s e ss e n
d
a r e o u sn e s s
. or
“
n e s
”
a e a .

x l v i 3 l t h cc d i g t G d no e ss an a or n o o
’
s
a re a s n ru .

p ,

c
.

h b h Sh l l p t t h p i i t f g a ou r ou e s r o r a ce .
oo d l h e a su r e as e een o sen
g
xl i x 4 d h i m igh t y i ll t h F m P l 4 ( )
an e s n a e
ro s . x v .
C
l .

c t f igh t xli x 2 d t h Cf T L v i
.
,

s e re s o r U t Him
e o u s n e ss i t th an e n o s on s n ru e

p d p xv iii 8
. . . .
,

s p i it f igh t
r o w r e o u sn e s s as ou r e u on . .
98 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
third Be n ja m i n fou rth Sim eo n fi fth I ssach a r si x th a n d so
, , , ,

all in orde r 2 An d the Lord ble ss e d Le v i a n d the An gel

. .
,

of the Pres e n ce m e ; the p owers o f glory Sim e on ; the , ,

heav e n R e u ben ; the earth I ssach a r ; t he sea Zeb u lun ; the

, , ,

m oun tain s J os e p h ; the tab e r n acle Be n ja m i n ; the l u mi

, ,

n ari e s Da n ; Ed en N a p htali ; the s u n G a d

,
the m oo n , , ,

A sher .

3 A n d ye shall be t h e p eo p le o f t h e Lord a n d ha v e o n e
.
,

ton gu e ;
A n d th e re shall be t h e re n o s p irit o f deceit o f rBe lia r] ,

For he sh a ll be cast in to the fi re for e ver .

4 A n d th e y who h a v e di e d in gri e f shall aris e rin joy]

.
,

rA n d th e y who wer e p oor for t h e Lord s sak e shall be ’

m a de rich 1
,

A n d th e y who are p u t to death for the Lord s sake

’

sh a ll a wake rt o l ife l
5 A n d the harts of J acob shall r u n rin joyful n ess]
.
,

A n d t h e eagl e s of I sr a e l shall fly Iin gl a d n ess 1

A n d a ll the p eo p l e s shall gl o ri fy t h e Lord fo r e ve r .

Th t e l t h d
ra n s a or b f h im w d t th
a b gi ig w r
c a ne tt d e or e or s a e e nn n ere u er e

w h ic h i it l f c l d m ith by G d i H b w B
,

n se ou bb c 1 8 e an e er o n e re er ra a
t ib c pt t d Hb w
, . .
,
” ”
“
r es b t d th g l d or s e re s , u an e an e s un e r s an e re

th c e t x t q i t h f m Th
on e re l y S h bb 1 2
u re s d G d Him l f e or e r. e on a h an o se
m mi d i g i f d i D t c h t h l w t t h bl d i
, .
,

sa e s re n w er nt s ou n n an as o ea e a o e e ss e n

i 9 d i t h LXX i 1 S m i x 2 1 ; t h k i gd m it f ll w th t H b w
.

an n e n a e n o o o s a e re

1 K v iii 1 6 t
. . .
, ,

w
e c th l g g f th bl d as e on e an ua e o e esse
W ith t h t t m t w h l d H b w w t h ig i l l g g f
. . .
,

b v
.

e a o e s a e en e s ou e re as e or na an ua e o
c mp t h p m i t t h Tw l v m
o a re e d
ro im l cc di g t J b
se o e e e en an an a s a or n o u

A p tl M tt x i x 2 8 iii 2 8 ( t)
.

“
os es : I th a n e see n o e

ti
. . . .

re g ene r a y l on h ll it B th ( ) BS e d b a so s a s e e re a
I
rea
“
e no
p t w l v th j dgi g t h m
.

”
u on e e A b m g y
r one s , u n e ore , e a on ou
tw l v t ib f I l Cf L k
.

o s ra e u e l
e e r es I t th fi f ( BS ) A . .
n o e re or e ver a
xxii 30 i t t l j dg m t
.

”
d re a
“
n o e e r na u en
Zbl
. .

ich
.

l
I hssa c( BA S ) ard 4 M d H a rea
b f S dd s e u un a e r e re a e
1
a
Th t x t h
. .

A d th y w h t
. .

2 Ed en .h p qbfi e e h v b i was e re r v
n e o a e e en n an
w h ic h i f q t d i g f my i
. ,

s a re h ll b
uen fi ll d A d t h y w h h v
r en er n o , . e .
s a e e n e o a e
1 5 iii 2 3 t g Th
,

Ed i LXX f G
en n b w k h ll b
o e n . 11 . e en ea s a e s r on e

f m cl d iv d
.
, .

m y h v b
,

24 J l 3 t oe 11 e c or er au s e a a e e en er e
f m M tt v 6
.
, .

I “
Th m ( B b) 5 S
e oon d th a -
a re a e ro a

liv liv
. . . .

” l
o A e, th “
e o 5 Of J b ( bg A S )
es . d f d . a eo a . a e rea

Of J ph fg ”
3 Y h ll b t h p p l ( A
e s a ) e e eo e a
e
os e

th h ll b
. .

p pl
.

bd g d re a
“
A d th
er e s gl f I
a l h l l f ly i e on e eo e, n e ea es o sr a e s a n

f it h ll b t h p p l
”
1) “ Cd l “
e s a A gl d e ( BS ) A e d A d th
eo e, 4
a n ess a re a s n e

th y h l l b t h p pl h if l h ll l p I c t
.

”
e s a e f I e eo e e e rs o sra e s a ea a nn o

S i c t h c ti v xpl i th i di v g c H
. .

1
O t g ne on u e. n BS
e e re a e e a n s er en e. e re a
 JU DA H —CH A P T E R S XX V . z -
XX VI .
4 99

XXV I O bse rv e th e re fore my childre n all t h e law o f

.
, , ,

t h e Lord for th e re is ho p e for all th e m who h o ld fast u n to

,

His ways 2 A n d h e s a id to them Be hold l I die b efor e

r
. . : ,

yo ur eyes this day a hu dred a n d n in ete e n ye ars old 3

,
n . .

Le t n o o e b u ry m e rin costly app ar e l ] n or t e ar o p e n m y

n ,

bowels rfo r this shall they who a re ki gs do ; 1 a n d carry m e

,
n

to Hebro n with o 4 A n d J u dah wh e n he had said

u
p y u . .
,

th e se thi gs fe ll asle e p ; a n d his son s did accordi g to a ll

n ,
n

whatsoe ver h e comm an ded th e m a n d they b u ri e d h im in ,

Hebron with his fath e rs .

a dd Bu t l a m en a n d
t h e u n go dl y sh a ll t A I
( B S ) a orr u c pt
l y re a d s e gh e e n
“
i t
i p ic i t i t t x ii
.

” “ ”
t h e s n n e rs sh a ll w e e w h h is a g a n s f or n n e een Se e n o e on 12
i itt xt f
, .

p
. .

t h e a ra l l e l s m a n d o m e d by A 3 T ll BA S
I “
e o o w s a r e ds
a l et
K c t pp
. . .

XXV I 1 Hol d f a s t His w a ys ( a r t n o on e b u ry m e in os l y a a re l , bu t

c
. .

a rry m e u p t o He br o n w h ere a re m
xova w ( o nme ) r o bs
’
a trr o fi, a) y
‘

i ct ft
.

a r e vdbr o vc w =
1 “ ”
B S rea d d re ( K a h ers a l so

i xt f v t t
.

” l
w
a ay/ 1~
3 ) h is w a y s , bu t t h e s n g ul ar 4 Te o ll o w s a BS sa e ha a
t i t xt i p i it
.

s ufli x m a k es h s e m o ss bl e A: om s
“
ud a hJ ”
A b re a d s
“
And
i t cc i p t it ft t
. .

w a l k a r gh a ord n g t o Him J u d ah sl e w h h is a h ers a n d h e y

c t
.

B S cm
I
2 B eh old ( a ) A did a s h e h a d o mm a n d e d h em
t iv t
. . . .

Bef or e y ou r ey es ( BA SI ) a om Th e o h e r MSS o f A n e r t h e ord er

t t c
. .

A h un d r ed a nd n in et een y ea r s o f h ese t w o s e n e n e s .
 THE TE STA MEN T O F I SSA CHA R , THE F I F TH
SO N O F J A CO B A ND LE AH

I THE
. co p y of t h e words of I ssachar For he calle d his son s .

a n d said to the m :

Hearken m y childr e n to I ss a ch a r yo u r fa th e r
, ,

Gi v e e a r to the w ords of h im who is belo v ed of t h e

Lord .

2 I w a s bor n t h e fifth son to J a c ob by way o f hir e for the

.
r l
,

m a n drak e s 3 F or R e u b e n rm y brother 1 bro u ght in m a n

. .

dr a k e s fr o m the fi e ld a n d R a ch e l m e t h im a n d took th e m , .

4 A n d Reu b e n we p t a n d at his v oice Le a h m y m other

.
,

cam e forth 5 Now thes e ( m a n drak e s ) were rs w ee t

. .

s m ellin g1 app les which were p rodu c e d in t h e lan d of Ha ra n

b e low a ra v i n e o f wat e r 6 An d Rach e l sa id : I will n ot . .

gi v e them to thee bu t they shall be to m e i n st e a d of ,

children rFor the Lord hath d e s p is e d m e a n d I ha ve n o t

.
,

T I TLE i t xt b f 8 da 2 14 A xp d d f m f G
n e e
1
rea n e an e or o en

T t m t ch c c i g xxx 1 4 1 8
. . . .

es a f I en o ss a ar o n e rn n -

S i m pl icity ( g d T t
. .

” “
th m
“
g 2 By w y f h i f
e oo d k
n ess es a a o re or e an ra es

m t fI ch t h fi ft h I ch
.
,

xxx 1 5
.

” “
en o s sa S G a r, e , a s sa ar ee en

T t m t fI ch t h
. . .

3 l il y b th 1
( ) BA S m
“
di fl t
s c on a e, es a en o ss a a r, e ro er a o

fifth f J c b d L h c c i g A d R hl
. . .

so n o a o t k th m
an Cf ea on e rn n n ac e oo e
im p l icity A T t m t f G xxx 1 5
. .

s
a bcd e f “
es a en o en

ch f J c b
. . .
,

4 My m th
”
A ) I b Cf re a
( Bd S ) A
0
I ss a ar s on o d a o o er a. - a

h i m th
. . .

I 1 F id t th m
or sa un o e s o er.

v th t BS m
. .

I
( Bd S
a -
1
sa 5 W hi h w
e p d
a d i th o c er e ro u ce n e

b f h di d
.

v th t h i d
.

”
d f H
“
d dd a s A d l
e o re ( e e a z an an o a ra n a sa e a re a

i d A A d I ch i d t w h ic h t h
.

h “ I “
h e sa
BSn d ssa a r sa un o re a e

b t t l d f A m p d c d h i gh t
,
”
wh di A b" d ”
hi s so n s en a ou o e, an o ra ro u e on a e

t t di h c ll d h i d th y w p d c d i th
,
“
wh b en a ou A o e e a e s s on s an e e re ro u e n e

an d id sa .
”
w d i A m oo n ra .

Th e w ord s of h im w h o is beloved 6 B ut ( d A ) B for

to
. .

1 “
(c i a ef A ) hdS re a d t h e w or d s F o r t h e L or d J a cob (a ) .

v v
.

” 1
b e l o e d, b g ( m y ) w o r d s, y e b e l o e d .
BA S om .

1 00
1 02 ,
T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
J acob to thee for o n e n ight 1 5 A n d J acob k n ew Leah . .
,

a n d she co n cei v ed a n d1 bare m e a n d o n accou n t of the hir e

r
,

I was call e d I ssachar .

I I The n a pp e ared to J acob a n a n gel of the Lord sayi n g

.
,

Tw o childre n shall Rachel bear i n as m uch as she hath refused ,

co m pa n y with h e r h u sban d a n d hath chose n con tin en cy ,

.

2 A n d had n o t Leah m y m other p aid the two a pp l e s for t h e

.

sake of his com p an y sh e would hav e bor n e eight son s for this ,

reason she bare si x a n d Rachel bare the two : for on acco u n t ,

of the m a n dra k e s t h e Lord v isit e d h e r 3 For He k n ew . .

that for the sake of childre n s h e wish e d to co m pan y with

J acob a n d n o t for lust of p le as u re 4 F or on the m orrow
, . .

also she agai n ga ve u p J acob Beca u se of the m an drakes .

,

th e refore the Lord h e a rk e n ed to Rachel 5 For though she

, . .

desired them she eat the m n o t bu t o ff ered them in the , ,

ho u se o f t h e Lord p r e sen ti n g th e m to t h e p riest of the ,

Most High who was at that ti m e .

I I I W h e n therefore I grew u p m y childr e n I walked

.
, , , ,

sa y i g t R ch l
n T k th i
o d I hia th t e i g d t I ch i th
: a e s an re a a re a ss ne o ssa ar n ese

h im f t h i igh t l A d R ch l c h p t d t g w ith th w h ich

or s n a so n a e a e rs o no a re e o se

t k t h t w ppl d h g v J c b gh t f w d i t
.

oo e o a b e s an b q s e a e a o are ro u or ar n su se ue n

for a n o th i gh t l er n bb i ic l it t Th
a so I ch i ”
ra n e r a u re us ssa ar s

p tdi t x t t h i gl
. .

O t
n a ccou n I h Ob v s sa c a r . se r e re r e s en e n o ur e as e s n e

th p
e m i i th
a r on o Hb w h t d h b dm iii 1 v 3 5
as a n e e re : e ar e us an an

c ll l x i d c v t
. .
, , ,
’
'
w mp ‘
mI
n i n3 2wh t o s orns a u ur es an o e s no

th i g l d i v 2 wh i f f m e vy d
.

I “
Th h i ( BA S )
e d re a re a s s o o s re e ro n an

m l ic 3 i v 5 wh
. .
,
”
hi re d g d h a e an re e I II o s uns

l t f th l if w ith
. .
, .
,
3 13" C d l
I I 1 Tw ( b A S) f m o d l k a a e o us an oo s or on e a

m it t h cl ti i gl y i v 4 6 wh l v G d d
. . . .

d o s d g th e a u se an e en re s n e e e o o es o an

ch p t ighb wh ff h i fi t f it
.
, ,

a er hi s ne o ur , o o ers s rs ru s

th gh t h p i t t G d d gi v f
.

3 J b ( BA S ) a co A d a b I a bfl d f re a ro u e r es o o an es o

i d t h i f th
. .
,

h h b d
er us an th . 6 d t e re s ue o s a er 111 an o

p d w k v 2 wh p
.

4 F th m or w J on b th e d
arr o a co e oor an ea o s en s

ti till g
. .
,

A m I
’
‘c df “
( B g )
a d S-
d A d th hi a
gi d rea n on e s en re ener es on a e an

g i d m d d J c b
.

5 v 3
”
m w
orro h s e h b d y
a a n H b d y e an e a o us an r III us an r

th t h I c h h l d w t h t c l l i g f
. .
,
. .
,

d w S dd i b’ d‘ I a “
B g -
A a d n or er a s e ssa ar o s, as e ru e a n o

m i gh t c i v t h th ( A
re e ti ll h i
e Whe o th y b c m f ith er a b* °d f s s sons en e e o e a

th ) m d k th y wb ld f k h b d y
.

” ”
ano er l an ra e e ss , e u ors a e us an r

vi 2 d t d
.

B f hi m d k
eca us e o th f s l f h an ra es , er e or e an e n ess o e ar an

th f b c m g d y g il f l d m l ici
. .
, ,
”
( 6
“
F or f)e r e ore d 0 v a e , 0. rea s e o e re e u e u an a ous

v i 1 2 I cha t h f
,

la so ( t) ea th -
ssa r, e re ore , as e
i gl h t d h u b d m w ith t h
. . .

5 P i t f th M t Hig h
r es o e os s n e -
e ar e s an an e

p i t A p i miti v vi t ci t d w ith th i
.

d 0 re a s
“
r es h r e r ues a ss o a e s

p i t f t h M t High G d c l li g i t h b id l f t h w it
.
,
“ ”
r es

1 11 —
o e os o a n s e e au - ea o e r er

m i ch ct i tic Th i v i w h m i i p ct
. .
,

VI Th
. . e a n a ra er s s s e ar on s e s n one re s e
 I SSA C H A R—CH A P T E R S 11 . 1 -
1 11 . 1 1 03

in p right n ess of he a rt a n d I b e ca m e a h u sba n d ma for

u , n

m y fa th e r a n d m y br e thre n a n d I bro u ght in fru its f ro m ,

w it h t h p c l i t l ti gi v i e u ar m l d i g f )
ra n s a m
on f en n n or a re n er n o ar
e
e
; air or s o e o
x l i x l 5 éy mj dn th i d i v ti v H c w c cl d
,

th eLXX f G o en e
e r er a es en e e on u
t iii
.
e
.
.

d nu py py b ( ew s t h t 305 7
se e n o e o n
p d l = 5( ig j ) w a 61 177 9 Ka as 33 nj t a " as
t t l t l it
.

If h w v
,
w o e r,
it ct e ur n
6 P c xix
o a er er a
’

ll y i i 1 K
e
t w fi d q it diff t v i w f 7 f t h LXX Cf
,
a ua s n . n1 . s . .

u re e n u e a e r en e o
K pdl a
I s sach d arf hi an I ch o
d i g f
s
m i P
son s
v ii 11
ss a ar
o e . . a as

d hi d c d t w i d t b i x i 2 xxx ii 1 1 xxxvi 1 1 l x i v 1 1
.

a r en er n o y n ss . .
,
an s e s en an s e re s a o e n

m i t d t f t h l w Th x ci v 1 5 x c v ii 1 1 O t h th h d .
, .
, .
, .
,
th e a n s u en s o e a us

Ta g P —
.

d th J
n e o er an
l m
. . .
,

H b w ph 5 5 w h ich i
th e J
r s on an e e ru sa e
th
x l i x 1 5 ch g t h f d i D t i x 5 J b xxx iii 3
. . .

e e re ra se 33 1:
11
5 s
T g ar . G on en . . an e e
; ; ou n n eu o
w d h b w d hi “
h ld b to
i
.

xx x
.

er e ar
.

or s e o e s s ou

d b c m v t d t w k f ll w i D t i x 5 b 6 6 7
k 1 C h 1
un
i er
d d as or
r on . .
,
s ren er e as
an e a e a se r an

i t h b w d hi h ld t l b
n o
“
e o e
i J b xxx iii 3 b y
s s ou y er 7 o a o ur
o o s : n eu . .
, 01 7 1 9

i th l w
n e d hi a b t h w
an i i g i K bl
l l b p dl ; s ro
xx
e rs
i x
fl p a r n
Ka as n o .
, Ka a

ift t i i t p t ti
’

7 p d i 1 Ch 17 a a, an n r on
h im T h
N t w ith t i
. .
,
g s un o s n er re a on

t c d b ck t t h i fl c f th
.

by d h b n p b l d g rr r s Ka as o s an n
h b
c ti i c
.

1 Ch
as een

x ii 32 h it i i d f t h p i t t
ra e a

w
x p t h
o
b v e
v d
n u en e o
e se e e on s e a o e e en e

m f I
en o
ro n

c h th t t h y h d d
.

ss a
.

ar
,

a
e re

e
t h i
“
g i
s sa
l a
f un
o

er
e
o n s o
’ ' ‘
3 3 7 1W as e or na o

t di g f t h ti m t k w wh t
s an n o e
bdb n
N x t
p bl
es
p o no a
e r s Ka a s.
‘

t t f c
'
” t th h h b n e as o e ra se cu r r s
I l h t d F h
h i ph t
sra e g ou o o ur e r re e r e n es

t t h d v ti f t h t ib ch
.

f I p d t T w k t b Ka a s. s ra s e e a e o e

t
o

o th
e

L w w il l b
e
e

f d i J ih
a
o on o

w
d i g e
e
f
ou n
r
S y mm
e o
c h n
ss a

e
ar

s
a re n er n o a us
’

E nc v i c6 7 6 6 77 d i g i G xx 5 6 d hi re n er n n en ; an s
y
d A q il P l xxv iii 72 Th i
. .
,
. .
, .

’
i an u a s n s s
f h t ( 56b n i f
.

I II 1 Up ig h t
p xx
. .

r n ess o ea r 6 r rt
h d i G 5 6 1 K
Th i ph c i T G d i x 4 ; P l xxv iii 72 ci 2 i w h ich
. .

ra s e s ou n n en
pbl )
.
.
, .

Ka as s rase re u rs n a

iv 6 i w h
. .

s n
ii 7
.

f
. .

d l i T I
.
, ,
V

BA S h v i m pl y d h b n
.
,
l
an a so

M
pn
g th
.

LXX
ss .

d
.

ll w
n a e re
a ssa es e r en e rs a s o o s

XX dla 1 K i x 6
a e s rr r n ore
G 5 6
v 360 a i f d i g T I iii 2 6 6mm pdt P l x v iii 72 ci 2
.

p en . .
, Ka . .

o er 6 1 7 s ou n n ss

th th iti h v d la pdl Th LXX h th

. . .
,
01 Ka as ss . x
wh ll t h
.
, .

ere a e o er au or es a e

Fi lly B h
ka K Ka as e as us
d hb bfl é n
tt d i g f t hi
.

n r nr i na as e r ri
l d i
.

no se e r en er n or on n s
l xfi w h h d hb n / xfi i
x v

T I ss
s e re

i v 6 E l wh w fi d d h fi th c mb i ti p i c it p d c
a.
p h
se
as
f
e re
rr
i
r
l
e
n

n
i
zz v

r
s

o s
n
ra se , n or or u or D n a on e or n

i v 2 d k b n T I iii 2 ( Bg ) t h m b t h f ll i w d th i
. . . .

o er o na on s , s n e re ro u es
T I ss n r s ss a .
-
,

6 7 i v 6 ( BS ) d h b
. . . .
. .
,

y g e e o ow n or s or e r
bi T ' '
Ka
R
,

eu b
,

i v 1 T
.

I iii 8
p
i v 1 d i v,
ti v rr
b ss
r ns
fl p b d h n fl n
a s, .

er a es
'
a Lo s,
'
Ka a s,
‘
s,

i v 1 d h b n déh
. . . . .
, .
,

d h b n g1 a
rr r s T I 1 11 ss
d du u rr r s
r a o s, Ka Ko s, e n r o s,

iii 4 (Bg S ) S
. . .
,

6¢ 0 h 63 T I u u d l d h d h b n I w o s, ua r co s, rr ac
rr o s, rr oa y
u ss
xt pl c w ee ,
a v -

t M n i NB
. . . .
'

iii 8 I th ae r s, ( n
-
S n e ne a e e

c g i d th t a h b n i t h c ic l b k f t h LXicX t t cc t
n o e s on
v
.

W h v
.

e w a e no
b re
h o
d h o
n se n l y a
w rr r s
o s er e a n r s o u rs o n e

d ph m b d y i g it m ch u
n e a n on a oo s o e

ti
o n
c ic a re ,
an r a se s e

m o re f q tly re d t h uen 5 6 5 b t
i
fi
t
m u se
i it
t t
l b
an
—
k 6 1 1 779
- u ve es n s n on -
an o n a oo s .

an d it ph s d l th t i f w th l t G k w d—w
ra se s , an
Th d t a so
h w h d e a n a e
s en s o s o a r nS a

c w h udt n pp i
a ses er e c
mi g i t
r s a
m g th J w
e a rs g d ll y n on e r e
ra er a e re e or as ra ua

i d hb n t k it p l c i t h If e
co n n o u se a on e e s

t t A q il v i ( 1 1 7 1 38 s
.
c e n s on , rr r s a es a n e

o th Th q tier w e i d w
u es
t i v i on
c fino a r se s : o
e u rn o u a s
’
e r s on -

b th th w d g b ck t
.

th m ) h w i m d f d hb n A D s e s on r e or n r s

cc f t i o ,
or s o a e sa e
q
. .
o e se

H b we re igi l T t x t i v 6 Cf G xx 5 6 J b i v 6 xx i
h
or f na ? l y e
d e g f o
o u rs re uen as a re n er n o on .

h w t h t th i i A t dy f
.

; en o
t s u
ii i
.
no so
. . . .
,
s o s s o
s a
v xxv i 13 ; P v
,

i f t t
.

t h p bl m l d t t h b l h P s
9
i ii 6 N w o
1 1 1 l e e e a
s , , x . ro

th y p t p cti v ly m d n tx 9 l xxv
. . .

e ro e ea
.
,

b k w o ou r oo as

t d i t d t
e e an ,
y
. .
e re se n re s a
.

re .

G k t m
Fi t t h b ck t w
ra n s a e n o ree a so e a e

b tw c mpl ti f t h LXX
rs bdt n g
en e r s oes a o :
or
th e een e o e on o e
mm orm d i v ti v so f th i w d
e er d 50 a d fl ct w migh t
e o s or , an A D an re e s, a s e

i c it d i v lly i xp ct t h g wi g p p l it y f t h
. .
,

s n e ll b t oes so a u un e rsa n e e e ro n o u ar o e

S imil l y 309 i t h w d d h b n
,

th e LXX . ar 61 1 : s e or rr r s.
1 04 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E LV E P AT R IA R CH S
the field accordin g to their seaso n 2 IAn d m y father . .

ble ssed m e for h e saw that I w a lk e d in rectit u d e b e fore

,

h im 1 . 3 A n d I w a s n o t a busybody in m y doi n gs rn or
.
,

e n v io u s a n d m alicious ag a i n st m n eighbour 4 I n e v er
y . .

slan dered a n y o n e n or did I ce n sure the life of a n y m a n , ,

walki n g as I did in si n gle n ess of eye] 5 Th e re fore wh e n . .

,

I was thirty [fi ve 1 y e ars old I took to m ys e lf a wife

-
, ,

for m y labour wore away m y stre n gth a n d I n e v er thought ,

We a re in an ow os on t o d ra w p iti and o cc i as on a ll y i
s ngl en e ss as
c c i
o u r o n lu s on s O ur e o n a ns t w o t xt c t i n ea re s t t t h G k It i t b o e re e s o e re

i c t ig
.

p
.

h ra se s re s e mb l n g e a h o h e r b u t g d d
ar e y mb l f t h as a s l m o o e re a ea n n
if t
d f ere n , 6 136mm K: a bla s a n d d n h br ns
p ra th t h er t l ti an a s aTh m ra n s a on e an

t ctit d ( i h fi ) w lk i i gl
.

Ka p dta s Fr o m h e s e w e r e a s o n a bl y o f re u e c rr o s a s n s n en e ss

c c i c f y iii 4 h
.

on l u d e t o a d ff e re n e in t h e He b re w o e e h th y m d e s un s e e e a e
ii t t t t i l th g h t h f t h w ld l t
.
,

or g n a l o f t h e Te s a m e n s , a n d ha ev r ou e e rror o e or es
p q ti h ld t k c mm dm t f
,

t h e Heb r e w h ra se s in u e s on w e re h e s ou a e as o an en s o

p cti v
re s e e l y : 3 5Her a n d : 3 5 c mic wh h G d o m p v t d f m f th m
so e er er e or s o e

v cc v W lk i g i i gl
, .

a s w e h a e a l r e a d y s ee n o u r s e era l a n f l h l k
n s n e ne s s o so u e oo s
ti me s in t h e CT Th e ge ne ra l u s a ge on a ll t h i g w ith p i gh t n f h st u r n e ss o e ar

t ti i v 4 h i f f m vy d m l ic
.

o f t h e LXX in ran s l a n g aw an d it s e s re e ro en an a e
i v ti v p t q ip c 3 iv 5 h
.

der a es u s t h e e u o ll e n e o f I II d . t l d hi e oe s no s an er s
i ghb i v 5 t c v t
.
, ,

6 560 1 779 Ka pbla s a n d b e y on d ne H i

o ur e s no o e ou s
t v ch h i
.
,

re a s o n a bl e d ou b A s re ga r d s t h e an d d t t y t o es no r o o e rr e a s
c xp i i gh b i v 2 5 Hi h t i t
.

se o n d e r e ss o n t h e LXX did n ot ne o ur s ear s no

iv c g i iv 5 h gi v f ly
.
, .

a rr e a t a ny ge n era l l y a k n o w l e dge d se t on d a n an so e es re e

q iv t v th i 8 v ii 5
.
,

e u a len I t ma y h a e be e n t h e t o dose n H i nee n1 e s

v i t t t t t gi v l t h gh t d i
. .
, . .

G re ek e rs on of t h e Te s a men s h a no t en o se n su a ou s or e s r es
fi t
rs cc p t c
w on g e n era l a e a n e f or t h e 111 5 iv 4 I f ct d h b n pbl n a rr r s Ka as

iti c t i v yth i g th t i ll pl i g
.
.
, .

re n d o n of on b y drrh br ns Ka p bl a s on a n s e er n a s we -
ea s n

G d — i v 1 (b d g A ) St P l
.

I bec a me a h u s ba n d ma n Here o u r t o o so au

t xt t v i
.

i gi
.

t h ph
. .

e r e s or s t o t h e sa me e a s on a s t h e u se s i it l g m
e r a se n s ar e e an n n

LXX ( Ka t 67 61’ a d un p y e wpy bs) in E ph i 5; C l v 32 d m t o III an os

i x ix xi 3
. . . .
,

re n d e r n g G en l 1 5 1 3 51 105 I nn :
. p b bl y i R m
ro a 8 2 C n o x i 1. or
l i m it d m ig f
. . . .

A d h b c m
n e v t d t k
e a e a ser an un er as b t i
u it m n s ore e e an n o

w k
or Th th T g m l i k w i
e re e ar u s e se l ib l it ye rai 2 C ix 1 1 1 3 d n or an

p b bl y l v iii 2 S t i v 6
,
. .
,

ch g t h m i g wh lly i d t
.

an e e ean n o n or er o ro a a so e e n o e on

vi l Th d h b n d w t
. . .

w y w ith t h i p ch ”
d o a a s re ro a ye es e us rr r s un er en

i mil d cl i i m i g t
.
.

M y f th ( d A ) Bd S
a er a d my -
I
re a a s ar e e n s on n ea n n o

p t A dd J c b t h J wi h
.

ar e n s
”
a s
“
a o d uca w b n a
'
v e e s

vi t Ch i ti
. .

A ccordin g t o t heir A SI ) d it th
s ea s on (B f a r ue, an ca r a s, e r s an
c h it y
-
.
”
(1 a f cm .
ar .

2 A om . 3 B y b dy . us Cf 1 Tim
o .

v 13
. .

I
B ef or e h im ( a ) B om
S
t
. . . .

R e ct it u d e ( an xt mn ) I n t h e no e W a lkin g a s I did in s in g l en es s of
4 I

v t ti
. .

’
on v e r 1 w e h a e a k e n h s w o rd t o ey e1 ( cu r h br nr t 7 63V b¢ 6a h uc
b xg B a

t ti St tt v i xi
.

be a ra n s l a on o f an Th e m a n y om Ma 2 2 ( Lu k e 34)
ic ti c t xt
. . . . . .

w ord s b y wh h t h e LXX r e n d e rs h s s ee m s a n e h o o f ou r e 66 w 031! o

w o r d sh o w h o w c p
o m re h e n s e is it s iv 0¢ 6a hubs a o u cirrh ofis Th s w ll '
i i
i c t c c c iv
.

me an ng I t on n o e s w h o l e n ess , in b e o m e l e a re r w h e n w e o m e t o 6
f q iv t t
. .

t e gr it y T h e re is n o u ll e u a le n (see no e )
i ti
. .

f o r it in En gl sh I s o m e mes re n d er 5 Th eref or e ( BA a . om

ctit t
. . .

a s n e a re s t o t h e He b re w
l
ef S ) om
“
re ud e Fi e (
v a a bd g A . .
1 06 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
He lo n geth n ot a fter m a n ifold d a i n ties ,

He delight e th n o t in v arie d a pp are l .

3 He doth n o t d e sire to li v e a lo n g life

.
,

Bu t o n ly wait e th for the will of God 1 .

A n d the s p irits of d e ceit ha v e n o p ow e r agai n st him ,

For h e looke th n ot o n t h e beau ty o f wom e n ,

IL e st he should p ollute his m i n d with corru p tio n ] .

5 Th e re is n o e n v y in his tho u ghts

.
,

No m alicio u s p e rso n m aketh his so u l to p i n e away

[ ] ,

Nor worry with i n s a tiable desir e in his m i n d .

6 F or h e walk e th in si n gle n ess ro f soul ]

.
,

A n d b e hold e th all thi n gs in up right n e ss r of h e art ] ,

Sh u n n i n g e yes ( m ad e ) e v il thro u gh the error of the world ,

3 D th . t o t li no Th t x t S t T R b i v 1 with t h q t
o ve . e e e e n o e on eu e uo a

( Bg 6 y pd¢ ) ti f m t h T l m d wh ich p k f
. . .

re a d 6 é y pd gb
s 0 K rri a -
1ro 6i on s ro e a u s ea o

(fl S { 7 ? (fi
u,
I
é y pd ¢ 1 1 6 l ki g b
ll tif l w m nt 6t oo n on a e au u o an
Th i l t
.

ri or
gs i H b w m s n m
a er ) N d 2 0 y wh v
e re e a ns as: e sa e ar 3
sa s, oe er

w i ll i t h
. . .

“
rep t i h i im gi ti
r e sen s n b t l k s w m a na d
on , m u oo s on a o an n e en co

th e w d m y b or c pt f m a
m it i
e o rr u or
'
no
s n .

d i H c d th t d i
” 5 Th i y i hi t h g h t er e s no en v n s ou s
t
i
.

l iv
e s re s .
”
en
(
e
) B S o
d
no
v y v e s re
d
o
at re a
“
no en c an n a e

) h i t h gh t
.

e ”
(é h fi
.

A d rr e ez a er a i s ou s, an
4 If th l t li f th i v
e as i th w ne o v y i m y th gh t s e rse s e re as n o en n ou s.
i it h w th t t h c d l i
.

g en u n e s o s
[N m l i i a
p
e t ] B ck t d
se on ne o a c ou s er s on , e c ra e e
c t p k f y th i g m t h t h i t p l ti i c A m d t h
.

ann o s ea o an n ore an e a s an n er o a on , s n e o an e
f lt l k t y p ll li m i g i t it B t t h l i
.

w m
’
re u s a o oo b on a o an s e au a ra e s s a a ns u e ne
if t h l k w cc mp i d w ith migh t t d if w d B i w ith
.
.

F or e oo as a o an e s an e re a a a /( a r a
l tf l d i it w ld b i d l t dd b d g S i t d f Bd o
us u e s re s ou e
( e
f ) a ns e a o a xa vo s a. a c
l t h ld p ll t H c M l ic m k t h pi
.

“ ”
es h e s t ou o u e, t hi e c. l t en e a e a e no s s ou o ne
th c d l i 6 y dp l d ém dég fl
e se on ne 0 w y e er aa at a a
”

f g A é m h ég d S m ) K lkh Onk l
.

I
a t, 0 o os e as
ao
N w hi mi d B S 1
i v y d iffic l t Wh t i t b m d
.

y or orr s n . a
s er u a s o e a e
d 666 b) e
.

re a 0 u

w h ich I h v
o f é dég fl rri é m h éf
aa fl ?
at It or aa ar
d hn ia m d d
w ould b i t f l l t mit it w ith t 366 pw ub 6 d h 6 l
e eas es o a o o
n cre a e e en e

Th l i t h l i v d f t h i w d Th v b i v d ( é h t o 01 n e rra a s V rr . 1! vo .

I
S e ne u s re e e o s or
) i t “

ld h m i p f ct ly w ith t h b d t d f m l i 1 if i l i
.

e er n a s o
‘
e ne e a er a c
w ou ar on se er e e

c t x t d l w ith bbi ic t ch i g 5 w cc p t t h di g f BS
on e an a so ra n ea n s
e
8L
un e rs oo ro ne , n ne

t t h d ty f g d m
e a e e re a n o .

as o e u t h o l k a oo an os un oo

i g
n w m
on a t T R b
o an
i
6 Si g l
se e n o e on
If
S p
l] ( A )
i ht
A d
eu
. n e n ess
”
o s ou a . re a s
”

i v 1 Thi c h v f ll w d
. .
“
g l B g f l s n en e s s , u r n es s o so u
w
.

i
.

t l ti
.

B t h w th
s o ur se
Up igh t
e
f h
a
t ( A)
e o
B S o e
r n es s ro ea r 1 a.

i
.

n ou r ra n s a on u o en a re

xpl i t h dd ti ibl y E y
.

g l s n e n e ss
w t P
.

e o e a n e a i on oss

it m y h v i th gh d itt
.

il ( 6¢ 6 l\u b np b es ev a o s n ov o s

w it h
a a e a r se n rou a o

( f w h ich
2 I
g ph y
“

Th é m h ég fl B bg S ) 6g S d y f a -
re a e es o

v i Cf P v
.

ra us aa at o

th t c (
.

t )
’

l 6966 hu n p e a oi s n ou a s ro
h ld i g d 6
iii iii If w t k
. .

w
xx xxv
.

e s ou n a a se re ar 1n

déé d aa at c pti ) t h th i p g i c cti w ith v i 4

as a
6
o rru
22
on os
.

ass a
.

on
. e a e

b = w i
s e n on n e
wh i
i f ci
.
,
7 vr a t x s n x n: a ns , e re an: s ”
“
i gl f y w bl y
d itt g ph y f i
n s n e n e ss o e e, e a re or
m e rely a o ra
m i d d f M tt v i 2 2 2 3 66
o nn .
t re n e o a . .
,
w o u

L ooke t h on t h e bea u ty o f a w o ma n .
:7
) 0 6¢ 0a hubs 0 0v drrh ofis 66w 66
 I SSA C H A R—CH A P T E RS IV 3 V .
-
. s 1 07

L e st he sho u ld the p e rve rsio n o f a n y o f the c om se e

m a n dm e n t s of t h e Lord .

V Kee p th ere for e m y childre n the law of God

.
, , , ,

A n d g e t si n gl e n ess ,

IAn d walk in g u ilel e ss n ess

,

Not p layi n g t h e b u sybody with the busi n ess of yo u r

n e ighbour .

2 Bu t lo v e t h e Lord a n d your n eighbour

.
,

Ha ve com p assion on the p oor a n d weak 1

.

3 Bow down yo u r back un to husba n dry

.
,

A n d toil in labours rin all m a n n er of husb a n dry ,

O ff eri n g gi f ts to t h e Lord with than ksgi v i n g] .

4 For with t h e fi rs t fruits o f t h e e arth will the Lord

.
-

bl e ss yo u rev e n as He ble ssed all the sain ts fro m A bel e ve n

,

u n til n ow ] 5 F or n o other p ortio n is gi ve n to you rt h a n

. .

of the fat n ess of the earth whose fruits are rais e d by toil] ,
.

6 For o u r fath e r J acob blessed m e with blessi n gs o f t h e

.
r

e a rth a n d of fi rst fruits 7 An d Le v i a n d J u dah were -

. .

glorified by the Lord e ve n a m o n g the so n s of J acob ; for t h e

Lord ga v e th e m a n i n heritan ce a n d to Le v i He gave t h e ,

p riesthood a n d to J u d a h the kin gdo m , 8 A n d do ye . .

Th i
’
1
0 6¢ 0 h ub np6
a s L b
a ov ( )
n ou
BA S dd f th
s s co a ou r s a a
“
o e

i ci d c cci d t l W th
.

”
n h dl y b
en e c an ar e a en a e e ar

ph
. .

fi d th
n npt e 6¢ 6 huib i rase 4 W il l n ov bl y (h d g )
a a u n ess ou e
Pl t Hip Jil i B th h w i ll w i ll
. .

“
a 374 D d n bl f o e re re a
“
e ss a c

d i M tt v i 2 2 2 3 t h m ig f th
. . . .

an n a bl bS did e ean n o e ss ee 1

npb i t h t f t h ic l
. .
,

n ou s s d bl a m o A e bh y nQn a u n s ou n n ess . e ss e z e o a er a t .

B t t h ph
u 6¢ 6 7\ 6
e npb d ras e 5 T y (g A ) a B gS u d ts n ov s oe s o ou -
a
I
re a
“
o

th i f l l m i g I t th
. .
,
”
no t lw y b a a s e ar t s m u ea n n ee , a
“
o us a o

d w td g ti Th i D t
. . .

un er en e 6 O (Bd A S )
e n e ra on .d d my us n eu ur - l
a re a
“
.

xv 9 P v xx iii 6 xxviii 2 2 Si
. . .

ro W f it i d th g h t il r. hos e ru s a r e ra se r ou o

xxx i v 1 3 ; M tt xx 1 5 ; M k ( bg S ) t h gh t h t i l
. .
.
, .

I “
a f d ar a a e re a r ou e o s

it m i f f it
. . . .

d m
“ ”
pm b )
’

VI I (é b
e an s an en v ou s or o ru s u 1r u o¢ s Ka u o

g dgi g 6 7 A i d f cti v d c f d
. . .

”
“
a y ru Th H b w i n e e e e re s -
s e e e an on u s e

it f f f t
. .

pp
.

p r y Th a i t b d
e Wo h os he l i s o e ou n
“
e re ore o ur a er a so n our

ig gv i h it c t L v i
.

i th
n m f g e y ( pp m)
an bl o en ero u s e e g e ss n s a e as an n er an e o e

P v xx ii 9 Th i p h t h fi t pl c d J d h w gl ifi d
,

ro w ld
. . s ra se ou e rs a e, an u a as or e

f J c b
.

p b bl y h v b
ro a d d i G k
a m g th
e een ren e re n re e a on e so n s o a o

b y 6¢ 0 h u6 dy db ( f M tt xx
.

a 3 G th m
a s i h it o .
( d a . a ve e an n er a n ce a

V 1 P l y th b yb dy with BS é hnp db n
.

1 I
a e t n)
us Bd S o d x o r a ev ci ro s -
re a

d d t h c mm d ll tt d
. . . .

“ ’‘

a f G d e d o 6 )\n pw an t b
s o t o an K a ev u a rets a o e o

th m B th d i g
.

3 B w y . b k ot h b d y ou r ac un o f us a n r e o are re n er n s o

xli x 1 5 $ 5m
.

‘
B d
a se G on en. m .
, 30 ; nu
ar . r n.
1 08 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
therefore obey the m a n d walk in the si n gl e n e ss of your ,

fath e r ; [for un to G a d hath it b e e n gi v e n to destroy the

troo p s that are com in g u p o n I srael ] .

V I K n ow ye there fore m y childre n that in the last

.
, , ,

tim e s
Your so n s will forsake si n gle n ess ,

rA n d will clea v e u n to i n s a tiabl e desir e

;
A n d lea v i n g rgu il e l essn e s s will draw n e ar to m alic e ;
1
,

An d forsaki n g the co mm a n d m e n ts o f t h e Lord ,

Th e y will clea ve u n to Be l ia r .

2 A n d l e a v i n g 1 husba n dry
.
,

They will follow aft e r th e ir o wn w ick e d de v ices

’

I I
,

A n d they sh a ll be dis p ers e d a m o n g t h e G e n til e s ,

A n d sh a ll ser v e their e n em ies .

3 A n d do you ther e for e gi v e these co mm a n ds to yo u r

.

childre n that if they sin they m a y t h e m ore quickly

, , ,

retur n to the Lord 4 For He is m e rci fu l a n d w ill deli ve r .

.
,

them e ve n to bri n g the m back i n to their la n d

, .

To Levi t o Ju da h ( c) h Bre a d T J os xi x
1 0 ( e BS ) 6V é a xdr a i s l

th v iii
. . . .

” ’

nuépa t s : in T Ze b
’
t o t h e on e t o t he o er 2 , é rr éa xoi r wv
ix
. . . .

I
(a bg S ) om nuepd m: T Zeb
‘

8 Th eref or e Bb g A
-
9 6w: Ka i po fi
t
. . . . . .

Sin g l en ess e a dd s of y ou r a vur e k e ta s Th e s e h ra se s d e n o e t h e p

t p t f t c
. .

h ear l o s e o f t h e rese n a ge r o m t h e s an d
it it p t
.

1 “
F or (BA S ) d d 0. r e a s an oin of t h e wr er In t h e O T
if q t cc
. . . .

F orI l (6 I d 6 66607 sra e n

‘
7 o u rs n o t n re u e n l y, a n d is a l w a y s

d hé
rr o d p jp
aat r d é b
px u
i t
n et p t f arr t ta p i t r rre e va t o b e n er r e e d ro m t h e s an d o n
i ii it
.

Th i cl
.

o f t h e n d v du a l wr er Th u s in G e n
’
I p n h) a a i h t s a u se s ere ou
x i x it f p i
. .

f pl c
.

I t b l g d p b bly t
’

o a e th e on e ro a o e l 1 r e ers t o t h e e r o d o f I sra e l s

cc p ti xx i v
.

T t m t igi l ly
.

es a f G d en d o a or na an o u a o n o f Ca n a a n , Nu m 14
t i t
. .

cc d j t ft m ch ph
,

o u rre us a er s o e su r as e a s of h e r m a s e ry o f Ed o m a n d Moab ,
“
A d h n c ll d hi m G d ( f s e t xxxi
a e iv t i p t
s na e a
”
o De u 2 9, 30 o f h e r a os a sy
p t c
. . .

T Sim ii 2 ; T J d h i 3 ; T I
.
.

1 1 5; u a ss a n d re e n an e , E z e k x x x v nI 1 6 of
tt c x
. .

T N ph i 6 i th i c l
. . . . . . . .

G o g e a a k on I sra el , Dan
’

a f or n s a u se 1 4 of
ti c iv
. .

th i pl y t h m G d Th
. . .
,

ere s a a on e na e a us t h e a ge o f An o h u s Se e Dr e r on
ii
.

d 5 Da n 28
p n
"

my F66
“

p r n et ar ta 11 . . .

pp
.

Q u in n Cf G xl i x 1 9 en . Sin g l en ess Here cirrM-r ns is o ose d

c it t
.

p
. . . .

t o d rr h na r ta , h en e h as ar ly t h e
VI 1 K w y th e f ( )
bd g A d
.

I k w re a
.

f S y
c ct no
“ i it no
e er
a e
or e
1 “
a .

e
h ara e r o f l be r a l y .

k now
”
2 Di p d O f T L fi xv i 5 ; s er s e e
i
. . . .

x x
.
.

T A h 2 6 ; T J 2 s e r v ii . os .
I t h l t t im p )
’

( 6 é xd w i Ka t
.
, . . .
n es
'
e as 1’ a ro o s

mfr o I T L vi x 2 w h v
n‘fi ns n S y mi
n Cf T J d e e a e erv e ou r en e es u

xx iii 3 T N ph i v 2
. . . .

T L vi
. . . .

é i fi
rr
'
r h la 0 lb
a vvr e e 7 V a i i/ o w: e . . a . . .

x i v 1 T G d v iii 2 l éh (BA S)
.

3 T b i g th m b k Cf T D
’
a e rr r et o r n e ac an
i T Z b i x 5 (bd g ) T D
. .
, .

v 4 v 9 T A h vii 7
. . . .

n . e . . . an . . . . . s . . .
,
1 10 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
7 So . do ye also these thin gs m y chil dren , ,

An d e v ery s p irit of Be lia r shall fl e e fro m you ,

A n d n o de e d of wick e d m e n sh a ll r u le ov e r you ;
A n d e v e ry wild b e ast shall ye subd u e ,

Si n ce y o u h a v e with yo u the God o f hea v e n a n d earth

( A nd
) walk with m e n in si n gle n e ss of h e art 1
.

8 A n d ha v i n g said th e se thi n gs h e co m m a n d e d his so n s

.
,

that th e y shou ld ca rry h im u p to Hebro n a n d bury h im ,

there in the cave rw it h his fa th e rs ] 9 A n d he stre tched . .

o u t his fe e t a n d di e d the fifth son of J acob at a good old , ,

a e ; with e v ery li m b so u n d a n d with stre n gth u n abated

g , ,

h e sl e p t the e t e rn a l s l eep
'

7 A d th ( ) n B8 mit ea r xv i 3 ( Ryl d J m i
a
1
o se e e an a es n

th h d p l l l p g
. . . .

( A d ) w l k w it h m
n i i gla O th en n s n en ess n e o er an a ar a e a ss a e

o f h t (h i f ) ea r o t
e t xt i T J d xx i v 1 f 7
'
o our e n u r e e rs

K p6l i h Th t xt f q i
. . .

d dp b
u é d hb n
c rr ors B t
v t th M rr r ri a a s. u o e e ss a e e o c re u r es

b fi ft K p6l th i f c I f i igh t t h l i
.

h i dd a a ro d a er a as 0 re a s s r e e re n e e s r e ne

w lk i g ( ) w ith m i i t p l t d Th t x t i t h f
. .
,

a a p bu
n av rro e v e r ou en s n er o a e e e s e re ore

i gl t B f d btf l S l T D v 1 3
.

i
n th e f Hi h
s n e n e ss o s e ar -
e ou u ee a so an

w lk i g w it h m
. . . .
,
”
8 H i g
“
a n f ( i id en hi ( )
o or n av n sa s s on s a

i gl t Th t m w lk Bd A S d d h c mm d d
. .

”
s n f h
en e ss o ear e er a - a c f g I
re a an e o an e

f G d w it h f c th m
.

”
i g
n i d s us e o o r e e re n e e

D t xx iii 1 4 ; L
.

I
to I l israe n I th eu ( By A S ) g m ev n e ca ve a c

xxvi 1 2 ; 2 S m 9 T x t f ll w BS d p ctic ll y
. . . . .

I
6 7 1 Ch a V II r on e o o s an ra a
xvii 6 N xt d flp m 6 d h K p6l A t tch d t
. . . . .
,
’ “
e r d A d h
u o rs V u a a s 0. re a s n e s re e ou

f i gl hi f t d l pt t
. . . .

m y b
a d d
e m ren ere
“
g d ld g t h
en o s n en e s s s ee an s e a a oo o a e e
o f h t e ar i mi l p h i asP t l l p
s It
ar m d f cti v ra s e s n ss e e rn a s ee
”
se e s a e e e

S l i v 1 1 v i 7 v iii 2 0 i x 1 2 x 5
,

f m f BA S
. .

I
o . .
, .
, .
,
.
, .
, or o .
THE TE STA MEN T O F ZE BU L U N THE ,
SI X TH SO N

OF J A CO B A ND LEA H

I . co p y of the words of Z e b u l u n which he e njoin ed o n

THE ,

his so n s rb e for e he die dl in t h e h u n dr e d a n d fourt e e n th year

o f his life two y e ars a ft e r the d e a th o f J os e p h
,
2 An d he . .

sa id to th e m : H e arke n to m e ye son s o f Z e b u l u n atte n d , ,

to t h e words of yo u r fa ther 3 I Z e b u l u n w a s bor n a . .

, ,

g o od gi ft to m y p are n ts For wh e n I was bor n m y .

father was i n cre ased v ery e x ce e di n gly both in flocks a n d ,

h e rds wh e n with t h e straked r o ds h e had h is p ortion 4

,
. .

I a m n ot co n scio u s th a t I ha v e si n n e d a ll m y d a ys rs a ve ,

in tho ght u ] 5 Nor y e t do I rem e m b e r that I ha v e do n e

. .

T I TLEi t xt B n 0. dn qi e t m th t J -
a ph l
re a re u re us o a ss u e a ose w as
T t m t f Z b l c c i g b tw y li S y c ll
. .

es a en o e u un on e rn n orn o e ar s e ar er n e us

c mp i d m cy Z b l i Ch i 1 9 8 p t t h bi th f Z b l
.

o a s s o n an er e u un s r on u s e r o e u un

b y i t p t ti gift f ) d g li th t h t f J p h
. .

n er re a T on a y es o ne ear e ar er an a o os e

t m t f Z b l t h i x th t xxv iii
. .

a en o e S u un my e J bil
s son ee n o es on u ees

f J c b d L h + d) c c i g 1 1 24
.

o a o an ea o n e rn n -

c mp i d ) d l m g i v i g
.

”
o a ss on 2 A d h id ( Bd g A
an a S) s n n e sa - a c f l
a

f Z b l i d d g A h c ll d h i
. . .

A a =T t
b 0f 8 esth o d h e u un
“
e son re a s e sa
”
e a e s

c A ) ( th m g ) d i d
.
,
”
l th f I h “
o f I sr a e e son o sa a a
son s e an sa

( ) B d ch i ld
. .

g d g if t ( m
“
I 1 S on s a 3 Z b l
. re a s ren . e u u n, a oo 3
'
13 ]

W h v h f th tw p
. . .

1
Bf h di d ( d)
e ore Bd A S m
e e e -
o e a e ere on e o e o a ra n o

c d m i th t cc i G xxx 2 0
. .

F t th h i B
ou r ee n -
a re a s as ae a o ur n en

f th fifti th A t w t y
. . .

o ur a
“
W b e ( ) BA S d m en as or n a
I
re a a

f th A cc di g t t h Bk f
. .
,
1
o ur or ll y f th n ( d A) o B lS e d o I a er a -
a o re a

J h ( Di t d Ap c ii 1 2 48 ) l f th
. . .

as ar e es o r a so ou r a er

Z b l di d t t h g f 1 1 4 xxx 37 qq
. . . .

e u un e a St k d e ad Cf G
e o ra e ro s en s

th i t y t w
. . . . . .

Tw y bgo d ea r s . H h d (Bd A re a S) d d I
r -
o. e a - IaLb C f 1
or
. re a

S i c J ph d i d t t h g f 1 1 0 h d
.

”
n e os e e a e a e o a

d Z b l t th t f 114 Z b l
.

1
an e u un a 4 I m a t o i ( BA S ) e u un a no con sc ou s 0

t c ci
.

m t cc di g t t xt h v b
. .
,

us a or n d b t I m
o ou r e a e een rea s u a no ons ou s .

b f J ph B t
,

b tw
o rn y o e a rs C i th t
e or e I h o se i d u on s c ou s a a ve s n ne

cc d i g t t h p t t x t f Cf T I v ii 1
. .

a or n o e re se n e o ss .

J h xxv iii 2 4 th y w b i t h y t d I ( BA S )
. . . .

5 N
I
u e e re d
o rn n e or e o . a re a s

xxx i v 1 0 xl v i 1 3 I d t
. . .

sa m y wh
e e ar , er e a s .
, . , o no .
1 12 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E LV E P AT R IA RCH S
a ny in i qu ity ,
x ce p t t h e s in of ig n ora n ce which I co mm itt e d e

agai n st J os e p h ; for I c o ve n a n t e d with m y bre thr e n n o t to

t e ll m y fa ther wh a t had b e e n do n e 6 Bu t I w e p t rin . .

s e cre t1 m a n y days o n a cco u t o f J os e p h for I fe a re d m y n ,

br e thre n rbecau se th e y had all agre e d that if a n y o n e sho u ld

, ,

decla r e the secret h e shou ld be sla in l

7 Bu t wh e n th e y ,
. .

wish e d to kill h im I a dj u r e d th e m m u ch [with tears1 n o t ,

to be gu ilty of this si n .

I I For Si m e o n a n d Gad ca m e agai st J os e p h I to kill

“

. n

h im I a n d he said u n to th e m with te a rs
,
2 Pity m e m y : .
,

bre thre n ha ve m e rcy u p o n t h e bowe ls of J acob o ur fath e r :

,

l a y n o t u p o n m e yo u r ha n ds rt o sh e d i n n oc e n t blood for I ‘
,

have n o t sin n e d a ga in st yo u 3 A n d if i n d e e d I hav e . .

sin n ed with chast e in g ch a stis e m e rmy brethr en 1 bu t l a y

,
n , ,

n o t u p o n m e yo u r h a n d for the s a ke of J acob our father , .

4 A n d as h e S p ok e thes e words I waili n g a s h e did so l I

.
, ,

was u n able to b e ar his la m e n tation s a n d Ibegan to w e e pl , ,

Sin of ig n or a n ce Cf T Re u b 6 i bo h t re a d n gs i p ibl y th i f ll
and o ss s u er

iii xi x
. .

f m i th ig i l A
. . .

T Le v 5 T ud a h 3 J or s e or nad J ph
:
“
an ose

f ll i g h i f c w pt d id (Aw
. . . . . .

I
W h ich I comm it ted AS) 0 om . a n on s a e e an sa d

A i d with t
. .

Coven a n t ed w i th He r e b g re a d .
“
sa ea r s

7 6v My
‘
é O KéIr a O a A ) é £ 7 qua; 2 La y d A re a d a nd l a y
' '
o u 7r
‘

it
. . .

c orru fo r ' pto en a n e d w h 9 cv t it .

Up on m e ( BA SI ) (1 o m s . .

I 3 111 g bre th r en ( a Bb d SI ) bd A -

Bb g S re a d éfi fi l wa a é 1r£ a
it
. . .

a. -
e a

wh ich m y b a e a b d t
a r a n sl a ti on o f t he
om .

or ig i l Cf na u se o f Kpa r a lo w in T Na ph
Up on me ( BA SI )
t
0 re a d s t o sl a y . .

i
. . . .

y o ur b ro h e r ( é u (p omp d 5e h ¢ o fi bh d w)
‘

4
.

. .

O u r f a t h er ( h i B c A re a d your
I b l
ft
" C
6 ( B. b d g S )
Bu t by a -
A .

a h er .

A3 b e e f g re a d an d .

4 W a il in g a s h e d id so ( a ) BA S1 o m
. . .

W ep t 6 a dd s “
s ore
I w a s u n a bl e t o bea r h is l a men t a t ions
it
. .

fi l a n y d a ys 6 g om
( a ) , (,uny cp épwu € 7 6) T w p o la wy cbv )
‘ ’

it t
.

v
.

7 Kil l him p iti

.

0 o m s re s of e rs e 1
B r ea d I
S e d h im a n d ( s is ofx r o u
ii t
. .
'

and 1 a h r o u gh h m t . .

3 X 6 0 » ( c Ka i) A
“3

y el l n o my p it f i t
I a dj u r ed th e m w it h t ea r s ( BA SI )
t
r 1 ,
”
h ear
t it
.

v
.

h i re a d I s u m mon e d h em w h
I h a e r e n d e re d oixr o s in BA S1 a s
t
'

”
e ars .
p it c y
”
c t xt
b e au se o f t h e o n e Bu t
it t ti
.

d D “
1 Simeon
II It a s an an dd s h o u ld b e r e n d e re d a s la m e n a o n
iii i
. . . .

Cf 2 a s a re n d e r n g o f mg Cf LXX o f J e r
w it h ix it i t
. . . . . .

A g a in s t J osep h re a s g d 19 a r e n d e rs r gh l y b y o ih w yfi
'

w ith i i it f t t
. . . .

a n ger
”
d 1
e S a dd a n er a g f Th s b e n g s o , o ll o w s h a B, s is
it x t c pt
. .

om ne t e n w o rd s . oiKT o v iflxdou is orr u It : .

A n d sa id u n t o t h em wi t h t ea r s m m S c
s: p t f m mm 5 '
s, or ru or : s :

f i fc ( h ) Z wy fi w h ic h i
I
a l l n g o n h is a e
“
B a f S r e a d and 3
01 3¢ p
K e ov T u o /a v, s

J p
ose h s a d u n o hem A i
omb n e s t t . c i p ctic lly t h di g f
ra a e r ea n o a .
 1 14 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
th e ir wi ves ra n d their childre n 1 sayin g : 3 W e will n ot
, , .

e a t of it f or it is the p rice o f o u r brother s blood bu t w e

’

, ,

will assuredly tread it un der foo t becau s e he said that h e ,

wo u ld be ki n g o v e r u s ra n d so let u s see what will b e com e ,

o f his dre a m sl 4 Therefore it is writt e n in the writi n g . .

o f t h e law of Moses that whoso e v e r wi ll n o t raise u p s e e d to ,

his brother his san dal shou ld be u n loosed a n d they sho uld
, ,

s p it i n to his face 5 A n d the bre thre n of J osep h wished . .

n o t that their brother should li v e a n d t h e Lord loosed ,

from the m the sa n dal which they wore again st rJ ose ph their
bro t h e r l
6 For wh e n they cam e i n to Egyp t r th e y were
. .

u n loosed by the ser v a n ts of J ose p h o u tsid e t h e gat e a n d so ,

they m ade ob e isan ce to J ose p h after t h e fa shion of Kin g

Pharaoh 7 An d1 n ot on ly did th e y m ak e obeisan ce to
. .

h im bu t Iwer e s p it u p o n also falli n g dow n before h im

'

, ,

forthwith a n d so1 they w e re pu t to sham e b e fore the

,

Egy p tian s 8 F or a ft e r this the Egy p tian s h e ard all the

. .

e v ils that they had don e to J ose p h .

I
0. s A S

IV after h e was
. And IV after they had
. An d
‘

1 sold
‘

m y brothers sat d ow n cast h im i n to the p it m y

r

to eat a n d drin k 2 Bu t I . .
,
brethre sat down to eat
n 1
.

thro u gh p ity for J os e p h did ,

2 rFor I through two days
.

3 Th p i f bl d Cf M tt
e r ce o oo . a . 7 F t h with ( p xpfiu
. orb df S ) wa a a.

xxvii 6
. . .

. . a a s 9 r e a d 1ra pd a x fiua .

L et u s s ee , e t c G en x x x vn 20 B ef or e ( Bd A Sl ) a d re a d -
“
by
xt f
. . . . . .

W ill become ( Bf a -
Sl ) f re a d be 8 Te oll o w s BS
I
a reads
“
For
t vi t t
. . . .

”
c o me s o f h e y h ea r d a ll h ) t h e e ls ha
tt p t xp i ii t t it
.

4 7 An a e m
-
to e la n t h e o r g n h e y h a d d o n e u n o h im, A “
for
c ti c t vi t p ti
.

of er a n u s o m s o f t h e Le ra e La w w a s h e a r d o f b y a ll t h e E g y ans

c i
. .

4 I n t h e w r it in g of th e la w of Mos es IV 1 6 Th e t w o re e n s on s h e re
-

t i i t i
. . . .

“
i t is w r itt en ( a ) A re s a d in h e r d o n o t d ff er m a e r a ll y a om ver 4

it i iti
. . . . .

” I “
law sa d , BS in t h e w r n g o f 1 A f t er h e w a s sol d ( ner d T b
c it itt w pa afiua L—a )
. .

”
Here 1rpa 077ua t se e ms
’‘

t h e l a w of E n o h is w r e n Th e
c pt
.

t xt c
.

1
M f or B Oiyz/ a t
‘

e o f B8 is l e arl y w r on g h er e . t o b e orr u .

W h os oever w ill n ot ra is e up seed t o Sa t d own ( é x d fina a u a d ) So G e n

t xxxv ii
. .

Cf De u
“
h is broth er , h is s a n d a l, e t c 25 g r e a ds b e ga n ( fipga vr o )
t iv i
. . . . . .

xxv 5 1 0 Ru h -
4 s qq A
“
w sh e d f
(s e e m ) a b e S I
a re

f cti v c pt t i p
. . . .

5 A g a in s t J os ep h th eir br ot h er A de e e and or ru in h s a ssag e

p i xp ti
.

i t
. .

rea d s a ga n s h im Fo r a o ss bl e e l a n a on o f t h e
f ii v v i t
.

se e m y
I
6 O t s id e ( S )
u a
B re a d s
“
be ore o r g n o f t h e a bo e a r an s

t xt
. .

it
. .

Kin g by om . . e .
 ZE B U LU N —CH A P T E RS I I I 3—IV 6 . . 1 15

n ot eat bu t watched the p it

, ,
an d two n ights e a t n othin g ,

si n ce J u dah fe ared l e st thro u gh p ity for J oseph 1 .

Si meo n Da n a n d Gad should

, ,
A n d J u dah e a t n o t with
r u sh o ff a n d sla y him 3 . . th e m but watch e d rt h e p it 1
,

Bu t wh e n th e y sa w th a t I for h e fe ar e d l e st Si m e on
did n o t eat they set m e to ,
an d Gad sho u ld r u n o ff
watch hi m till he was sold ,
an d sla y h im 3 An d . .

to t h e I sh m a e lites 5 A n d . . wh e n they saw that I also

wh e n Reub e n ca me a n d ea t n ot th e y set m e to ,

h e ard that while he w a s watch h im u n til h e was

a way ( J ose p h ) had b ee n sold 4 A n d h e s p e n t in
. .

sold h e re n t his garm e n ts

, ,
t h e p it thr e e d a ys a n d thr e e

( a n d) m o u rn i n g s a id : How ,
n ights an d so was sold,

shall I look on the fa ce of fam ishi n g 5 A n d wh e n . .

m y fa ther J acob ? 6 A n d . R e u ben heard that while he

h e to o k t h e m o n e y a n d r a n was awa y ( J ose p h ) had bee n
a fter the m e rcha n ts bu t as ,
sold h e r e n t his clo th e s a n d
, ,

he fail e d to fi n d th e m he m o ur n ed sayi n g : How shall ,

r e tu rn e d griev i n g Bu t the . I look in t h e face o f J aco b m y

m e rchan ts had l e ft the br oad fath e r ? 6 A n d h e took t h e .

ro a d a n d m arch e d throu gh m o n e y a n d ra n a fte r t h e m er

t h e Troglodyt e s by a short chan ts a n d fo u n d n o on e for
,

they had l e f t the m ain road ,

a n d j o u r n e y e d thro u gh t h e

Troglodyt e s by a sh o rt cut .

2 . A nd Da n ( a ) . Se e ii . 1 . How sh a ll I l ook up on t he f a ce of my
3 To the I s ma e lit es O f T Sim f a ther J a cob ? Th ese w o rd s a re re
ii ii p c
. . . .

9 T Ze b 9 ro du e d in Ta rg Ps J o n a n d Targ -

xxxv i
. . . .
. . . . .

4 P i b l y th i v w l t i
o ss s e rse as os n a
J e r on G e n
. i 30 : va n: am. .
m
t h g h h mt
.

i gA th w d m m wa s
i p p
r ou as n a c e or

f mi h i g i pl c d ft igh t e o l e se e ms
.
,
“ 6 Tr og l od yt es Th s
f i J p xi
. .

a s n s a e a er n s .

t o b e re erre d t o a g a n in os e h 2
xxxvii 2 9 30
. .

5 Cf G. . en . .
, .
a s I n d ok o l p it a e Th e Trogl o dyt e s are
A cc d i g t ti c
.

W hil h w e w y e as a a or n o m e n o n e d on l y on e in t h e LXX, i e
xxxvii 2 9
. . .

th eT g P J ar G s -
on on en in 2 Ch ron x 11 3, w h e re t h e w o r d
f ti g t th i tim i t h cc t ti
. . . . . . .

R b eu w en as as n a s e n e o ur s a s a ran sl a o n o f m an Th e y
ti cc t f h i i w ith
.

m ou n a n s on a ou n o s s n w e re v i d tl ye en an Afr ic
c an ra e Th e
Bi lh h
gl d yt l iv cc d i g t
.

a Tr o
.
o es ed a or n o G re ek
g ph w t c t
1
Cl th o ( BA S )
es d hi 0. rea s s g e o ra er s on the es oas of t h e

g m t
.

ar en 11 1 3 . Re d Sea .
1 16 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
’
7 . Reu b e n was griev ed 1 a n d eat n o food that
rBu t
,

day Da n therefore came to h im a n d said : 8 W ee p n ot

. .
,

n e ither grie v e
; for we ha v e fou n d what we c a n say to o u r
father J acob 9 Le t u s slay a kid of the goats a n d di p . .
,

in it t h e coat of J os e p h ; a n d l e t u s s en d it to J acob ,

saying : K n ow is this t h e co at of thy s on ? A n d they did ,

so 1 0 rFor they stri pp e d o ff fro m J os e p h his coa t wh e n

. .

th e y were s e llin g him a n d p u t up on h im t h e garm e n t of a ,

sla v e 1 1 1 Now Si m eo n took t h e coat a n d wo u ld n o t

. .
,

give it u p I for he wished to ren d it w ith his sword 1 a s h e

, ,

was an gry that J os e p h li ved a n d that he had n ot slai n

him 1 2 Th e n w e Fall 1 ros e u p a n d s a id u n to h im : I f
. .

tho u gi v est n o t u p t h e coat w e will say rt o ou r fa th e r 1 th a t ,

thou alon e didst this ev il thin g in I srael 1 3 A n d so he . .

ga ve it u n t o the m a n d th e y did e v e n a s Da n had s a id , .

V A n d n o w m y childre n I bid yo u to k e e p the

.
, ,

com m an ds of t h e Lord ra n d to show m e rcy to yo u r ,

n eighbours a n d to ha v e co m p a ssio n towards all n o t towards

, ,

m e n o n ly b u t a lso towards b e asts 2 For for this thi n g s

’
. .
,

sake t h e Lord bless e d m e 1 a n d whe n all m y brethr e n were ,

sick I e sca p ed witho u t sick n e ss for t h e Lord k n owe th the

, ,

p urp oses o f e ach 3 Have therefo r e com p assion in your . .

, ,

h e a rts m y children beca u s e e v e n a s a m a n doe th to his

, ,

1 “
7 Bu t R eu ben wa s g r ieved (a ) 1 1 Took ( a ) BA S re a d h a d
sa v e th a t
. . . .

it
.

1
a nd (
B
I
om J os ep h lived A S
BA S
J ph
.

I
8 . W e h a ve f ou n d ( a ) .
BA SI
re a d B om
S . ose a. o m .

I h a e f ou n c v 12 We . a ll r os e up a nd s a id u n to

F a t he r Bg A SI
a dd a ob -
Jc h im ( a ) BS
I
re a d we a ll r ose up

t g th i t h im d i d
. .

I “
9 Sl a y ( b d A ) a B bd S a dd -
o e e r a ga n s an sa A we
i d g i t h im
,

it
.

”
w h t h e s w or d rose u p a n d sa a a ns

it
. .

L et u s s en d i t t o J a cob s a yin g ( a ) The coa t ( a ) B d A h S‘ o m

Ab
'

—
-

it
. . .

1
BA S re a d a n d w e w ll sa y
“
to i To ou r f a t h er ( a g ) Bg A S I
om . .

Jca ob A) Th is evil t h in g in I sr a el ( a )

i ti
.
.

b ’ Wd e
I g Sl r e a d t h e ev l h ng
I s t his ( a d e f) a b g A S re a d B -
a A a .

t
w h e h e r h s is ti V 1 Th e Lor d 6 re a d s
“
God
it
. . . .
.

1 0 His coa t ( a ) I
Bd g S re a d t h e
“ -
3 My
. ch i d e (B
l r n d A S I
) at o m s -
. .

c t ft
. .

oa o f o u r a h er E ve n a s a m a n d oe th u n t o h is
t viii J i
.

Se ll in g ( )
a BS I
r ea d a b ou t o n eig hbou r , e t c Cf 2 u dg 7;
tt v ii it t
. . . . .
.

a l so Ma W h w h a m e a su re
” “
se l l 2
t it t
. .
.

s h a l l b e m e a su r e d u n o y o u
“
ye me e
1
G a rmen t ( a ) ol d
B g S re a d
-

t i
.

”
g a rm en .
a ga n .
1 18 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
sick or age d; I boiled t h e fish a n d dr essed them well a n d
, , ,

o ffere d the m to all m e n as e v ery ma n h a d n ee d grie v i n g , ,

with a n d h a v i n g com p a ssion u p o n them 6 W here fore . .

also the Lord satisfied m e with abun dan ce of fish w h e n

catchin g fish ; for he that sh are t h with his n e ighb our
recei ve th m a n ifold m ore from the Lord ] 7 For fi v e ye ars .

I caught fish [a n d ga ve th e reof to e v ery m a n who m I

,

saw a n d su ffi ced for all the ho u se of my father] 8 A n d

,
. .

in the s u m m er I ca u ght fish a n d in the wi n ter I ke p t ,

shee p with m y brethre n .

V I I V I I I 3 fo u n d
.
-
. on ly in b d g .

[Now
V II I will
. declare u n to you what I did I saw .

a m a n in distress thro ugh n akedn ess in win ter tim e a n d -

,

had co m p a ssio n u p on h im a n d stole a way a garm en t ,

s e cretly fro m m y father s hous e a n d ga v e it to him who was ’

in distr e ss 2 Do yo u ther e for e m y childr e n from that

. .
, , ,

which God be st ow e t h u p on you show co mp assion a n d m ercy ,

witho u t h e sitation to all m en a n d gi v e to e ve ry m a n with ,

a good h e art 3 A n d if ye ha ve n ot the wherewithal to

. .

gi v e to h im that n eedeth ha v e com p assion for h im in ,

bow e ls of m e rcy 4 I k n ow that m y han d foun d n ot the . .

wh e r e withal to gi ve to h im that n eede d a n d I wa lked with ,

5 Gr ievin g wi th ( c vua lvy cbu d ) Now

’

bg V II 1 (by ) d r e a ds
“
an d
t i t t
. . . .

”
re a d g a h e r n g og e h er ( c vvdy wv) . n ow

6 Sa t isfi e d me
. wi th a bu n d a n ce
a s évé rrh nc é a s d )
O n h im ( 6g ) . d om it s .

of fi s h ( n ohh o bs ix 0u
My f a t h er ’

(d ) bg re a d
.

s h ou se
For évé rrlxna e bg r e a d é rrolna e z ng g
.

”
my h o u se
wh ich
m a y h a e b e en a orru v
on o f c p ti .

mer cy withou t h esi t a t ion

yg ig =éué1rh na a Bu t t h e orru on c p ti Cf
2
Sh ow .

J
u d e 2 2 o il s ,u e u éh e dr e dra xpw b
‘
.

v i
m a y h a e a r sen w h n t h e G r e ek it i .

MGV O L ( K L P) w h e r e I w ou ld sugge s t
V i
‘

e rs on .

ith t t
h a mi sh ou ld b e re s o re d b e ore 6m t f .

T hi
w ill i g
o ig h b w
s ne o r. d a dd s “
w al l
Kpt V é/Le l/ O L Pe rh a s ddt a xplr ws m g h p i t
t t p ti it
.
”
n n e ss ”
be r e n d er e d wi h ou ar a l y
.

M if ld m
.

an o or e (bg ) d re a ds
3 Ha ve n ot t he “
.

b a dd s
se v f ld men o ore .
”

ti me
. at .

7 F ive yea r s
. a a dd s h ere ore
.
“
t f .
.

G ive t o him t ha t n e ed eth xpfi

[A n d g a ve t he reof t o t h e h ou s e
of my f a t h er ] O n l y in b d g f or m ) Th s i c
ou l d a l s o b e re n d er e d

iv t t t tt
.

g e t o him h a a sk e h Cf Ma
.
.
“

l V hom I sa w ( b y by é wd e w ) d
. . .
'

re a d s
“
w h a s u ffi e d t c( T o dp xo fiv)
.

v 42
. .

i
.
“
Th s is a kn ow
4 I (by) d re a d s f or I
I s ufiiced . .

pc i
e u l ar e r e ss o n xp i Po ss bl y w e i k n ow o ne d a y .

ti m
.

a pKo fiV h e r e F ou n d n ot . b a dd s at the
’

s h ou ld re a d 1 6 e E .
e .
 Z E B U LU N —CH A P T E R S V I 6 IX .
-
. 2 1 19

h im wee p i n g fo r se v en fu rlon gs a n d m y bow e ls yearn e d ,

towards h im in co m p assio n ’

V I I I Ha v e th e re fo r e yo u rse l ves also m y childre n co m

.
, , , ,

pa ssion towa rds e ve ry m a n with m e rcy th a t t h e Lord a lso ,

m a y ha v e com p a ssio n a n d m e rcy u p o n yo u 2 Beca u se . .

also in t h e l a st d a ys God will se n d His co m passion on t h e

e a rth a n d wh e r e s o e v e r
,
He fi n de t h bow e ls of m e rcy He
dw e ll e th in him 3 Fo r in the d egr e e i n which a m a n . .

h a th com p assio n u p o n his n e ighbo urs in t h e sam e degr e e ,

h a th the Lord a lso u p on h im ] 4 An d wh en w e we n t . .

down i n to E gyp t J o s e p h bore n o m alice a ga i n st us 5 ,

. .

To who m taki n g h e e d do ye also m y childr e n Ia pp ro v e , , ,

you rs e l ve s witho u t m a lice a n d1 lo v e on e a n other ; a n d do ,

n o t set down in accou n t each o n e of you e v il ag a i n st his , ,

broth r e 6 For this br e ak th. e u n ity a n d

. di v ideth allr
,

ki n dr e d a n d tro u bleth t h e s c ul l a n d w e areth away t h e

, ,

coun t e n a n ce .

I X O bs e r v e rt h ere fore 1 the wat e rs a n d k n o w wh e n

.
, , ,

th e y flow tog e th e r th e y swe e p alo n g sto n e s tre es e arth a n d , , , ,

oth e r thi n gs 2 Bu t if th e y a re di v id e d i n to m a n y
. .

stream s the e arth swalloweth the m u p a n d they b e co m e of

, ,

VIII 2 L t d y S t d5 h¢ O as ii) Cf 1 C x iii 5

a s ee no e on € V
’
a zrr o or .

vi 1
. . . . . .
,

T I ss h y lf b b o er a t T Ka K v.

v 3 t Th i ti m t i
. . . .

l
3 S ee E il g i t h i b t h
no e ( A ) BS s s en en s v a a ns s ro er c

f d i S if D t 9 6 S h bb 1 51 6 v il f h i b t h
. . . .

”
o un n d
re , th eu a re a e e o s ro er

t d vi 4 6
. . . .

S ee n o e u n 6 A dw
er th w y t h t -
n ea r e a a e co u n ena n ce

igh ( t o p6
. . .

N ig hb (d g ) b
e d ou rs d ¢ lf .
) re a s
“
ne Ka T 7r 0 w 1ro z/
’
av et a .

I
b o ur .
f A ( l) S d ip if pé d¢ i§ a e rea r ! rra w av 6u

c p ti
.

4 A d wh .
( B g )
b d
n A b d g
H fi pn
en m a. f -
.
e re na nu , a or ru on o

re a d
“
f or w h e n ,
”
S I
wh e n .
”
nus b d g re a d 6 qui p ,u una tKa /( o s
.

ii i g it
’
a rrh cixv a é h e o vs 06K é xa , f or h e w h o
’

I f b d g w e re t h e o r g n a l re a d
w oul d b e a s r on g a rgu m e n in t t
n

fv
,
t ic
b e a re h m a l e h as n o b o w e l s of me r y c
it c
.

a ou r
i
o f t h e o r gin a l y o f vi i — 2 it viii . .
W h “ b o w e l s o f m er y
é h é o vs ) , Lk cf i
78 , 001
( a n h d yxua
iii12
‘
.

No ma l ice a g a in s t u s
i c pt t
.

pp
. . . .
“
.

b g a dd b u t
I X Th s h a e r b e l o n g s a a re n l y
.

”
f or ) w h e n h e s a w m e h e h a d
p i t
.

(g
“

t o t h e er o d o f t h e l a er Ma c c a b e a n s
c mp i
o
”
a s s on Th i s a dd iti on is su p
I t d e al s w h t h e d it i vi i c a u se d b y
.

p t d by d b th f m
.

s on s
or e

5 A pp r ove y ou rs e ves
u t in

l
ano

w it h t m
er or .

Hyr c an u s I I a n d A n go n us I I ti . .

ou a lice l
om
1 Th er ef or e ( a d ) B d A S
p ctic lly d b t
. -
. . .

1
a n d (bg S ) S0 ra a u t he A n d kn o w w h en ( a ) B bd rea d
iff t
. -

t t
.

or de r is d ere n . a a e f A om .
h a wh en
”
.

Set n o t d own in a ccou n t br o th er E a r th a n d ot h er t h in g s ( a ) B bd A -

t
.

'
( u ry h oy lf e crbe é Ka O r os Ka KLa V
‘
’ ‘
1r bs 7
“
re a d e ar h , s a n d
'

, p . .
 1 20 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
no accoun t 3 So sh a ll ye also be if ye be di v ided 4 Be
. . . .

n ot
y e therefor e di v id
, e d i n to two he a ds for e v e rythi n g which , ,

the Lord m a de h a th bu t on e he a d a n d two shou ld e rs , ,

two h a n ds two fe et bu t all t h e rem ain i n g m em b e rs 5

, ,
. .

F or I h a ve l e ar n t in t h e writi n g o f my fathers that ,

Y e shall be di vi d e d in I sra e l ,

An d ye shall f ollow two ki n gs ,

A n d shall work e v e ry abom i n atio n .

6 A n d yo u r e n e m i e s shall lead yo u c a p ti v e
.
,

A n d ye shall be e vil e n treat e d a m o n g the Ge n til e s ,

W ith m a n y in fi rm it ie s a n d trib u l a tio n s .

a.
ga s
7 An d
. a ft e r th e se thin gs 7 A n d aft e r these thin gs .

ye shall re m e m b e r the Lord ye shall r e me m b e r the Lord ,

a n d re p e n t a n d re p e n t
, ,

A n d He shall ha v e me rcy [A n d He sh a ll c a u se you

u p on
you f or He is to r e t ur n ] ; for He is
,

m erciful a n d c om m erci fu l a nd c om

p assio n ate p a ssion ate . .

A n d He s e t t e t h n o t A n d He s e tt e th n o t down
dow n in acco un t e v il in acco u n t e v il to t h e

3 S . o d
. cc di gl y
a re a h i Bb d A S ) s
“
so a bd d d w ll
or n .
-
1
. 0 re a
“
e

4 5 Th , pp i g p ti e d o ( fll fl )
os n ar es un er Ka c ea e .

d A ti g
.

Hy II
r c an us II anT ib l t i bd gn dd on u s d a re r u a on s a an

g i h f
.

bvi
. .

h e re o l y ll d d t
ou s a u e l o .
an u s o so u .

4 A d tw . n h ld m mb o s
7 Y ou
h l l
ers p t A d h
e er s
. e s a re en , n e

H g v 1 h ll h m y p y ( ) H s a a ve er c u on ou a er e
( ) Bd A S
“
d tw
i t p t
.
a .
-
re a e a e o
d f t
“ ”
d f d é p é gb ns e a o re en a re a s n tar
’
er e
h ld h d ll t h m m
s

b
ou er s ,

bj ct t h d
an s,
y h
ee
ll t
,
an
( w ) ;
a
b t
e e
e s a r e ur n z
ui n u
e r s a re s u

( d A ) Bd S m
e
th x t
o on e
v h w th
ea
l
i
.

as e ne ers e s o s e re s no
5 F . or a
i d f
.

th t -

i 7 H c
o .

ea o
“
e re u r n n ve r . . en e
W i t i g f m y f th
r n s oS T L w h ld h v b
a er s d d ee e v. “

x 5 t i ni n s ou a e e en re n e re
.

y e
.

.
,
no e .
h ll p t i BA S d T D s a re en
”
as n
1
an an
i th l t d y v i 4 ( ) N w t i g t BA S w
, .

Th t bd g
a dd a
“
n e as a s a o urn n o
1
e

y wi ll d p t f m t h L d
. .

fi d th t th y
.

e e ar d ro d e fi or i
an . n a e re a u e r a vo
,
a er e
'
Ka
Ki g ( b d g A S )
n s f S d é w pé gb l w D Tha a e ém 2
rea rr r a z
ai u i r/ n us
i th gh
.

k i gd m
.

n o s pé t h h ar i ec as ere a r se n ro u a

itt p d t h i d itt g ph y h
.

d g hy o ra an s o ra as
E b m i t i h i BS dd I
y ver a
c igi l cl
,
o na on
A d w hip v y id l (h i i p l d t h
.

p vd a
re a e e or na a u se r eser e

i d l
n

o s g i t A
o rs e
d H
er
h l l h v m c y
o
n a an e s a a e er

t i th
a a ns 0 ,

P h p h w v
.
.

w h ld er a s, o e e r, e s ou
6 M y ( ) 1 re a n e
BA S d i g t l y ft
d ll
. an a .

d pp
rea a .

re n er n
“
r e u rn ,
”
an su a er
B il
e evt t d ( wfl n fl it t Him O f T D v
e n rea e Ka x a ec e, “
un o . . . an .
122 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
9 . An d gai n thro u gh the wicked n e ss o f yo u r works1
a r

sh a ll ye pro vo k e Him to a n ger ,

A n d ye shall be cast away hy Hi m l u n to the ti m e of

r

co n su mm ation .

X An d n ow m y childre n grie ve n ot that I a m dyi n g

.
, , ,

n or be cast dow n in that I a m c o m i n g to m

y end 2 F or . .

I shall ris e aga i n in t h e m idst o f you I as a r u ler in ,

the m idst of his son s] ; a n d I shall rejoice in t h e m idst of

m y trib e as m an y as shall kee p t h e law of the Lord
, ,

a n d t h e co mm a n d m e n ts of Zeb u lu n th e ir father]
r
3 Bu t . .

u p o n the u n godly shall t h e Lord bri n g eter n al fire and ,

d e stroy th e m thro ughou t a l l gen eration s 4 Bu t I a m . .

no
w haste n in g awa y t o m y r e st as did also my fathers 5 , . .

Bu t do ye fe a r the Lord rour God with all your stre n gth

all t h e d a ys o f you r life] 6 An d wh e n he h a d sa id th e se . .

thin gs h e fe ll a sl ee p ra t a good old age] A n d his so n s , .

la id h im in a rw oode n 1 coffi n 7 A n d aft e rwards th e y . .

carried h im u p a n d b u ried h im in Hebro n with his fathe rs , .

9 By Him ( ) BS m A d 4 B t I
a m w ( AS I
v th t
c re a u a no a
1
sa e a

m g t h G ti l
. . . .

“ ” I
a on e A m en b t es d S d f o u an e

ti m th f
. .

X 1 Th t I m dyi g A d a d f a nb t re a s re a
“
or a e e re ore ,
”
a
“
u
ti m
. . .

”
t my w d
a or fs . or a e .

B t d we S I h v
ca s d d
o A l
n. ( o Bd d a e r en er e s a so a -
re a
“
as

B t th i b l t
.

1
f 5 O u G d ( f g) s ahid d
so u e u se o ur o ca e re a

d iffic l t
. .

P h p
”
th we d i or és y G d u er a s u our o
ppl i d
. .

6¢ 6 hu i a h o sld b 6 At g d ld g
s ou Th t x t h e su e a oo o a e e e as
cf N h v i 1 6
. .

e y 5w p tm p h§ = i
canar : }
r wh1 5 m n i or 7r o .
’
/c Ka c n a a : e re s
g g n a
iv 5 S T J
. . .
,

c p t w —Yfip
’
a anrcp i G as n en . ee os .
f O f T I
.

v ii 1
. .

o rr u or n ‘ ‘
ss
g a . . . .

A m c mi g t
. .

my d ( d S )
9 T D v ii 1 T A h v iii 2 l v1 1 an s
4 ; T B j x ii 2
. . . . . .

bf g d mp rea
o

i g yf y
w m a
n
T J
o
xx
as s n
en

a a
a a

ro
e

ou ,
.

. os . . . en . . .

A m p i g w y f m l if
a a ss n W d a ( )a BA S mro Cf T e
”
'
oo en a
I
o

im v ii 2
. . . .
.

2 Sh l l k p ( ) B aA S d h vee S a
I
re a
“
a e . . .

k pt
. .

e Hb e r on

3 Cf P x i 6
.

b" d aLb e f 8 I
s ( dA ) Bd g A S d a -
re a

c i d him p t H b d b i d
. . . . . .

Th gh t ll g
r ou ti A
ou d a en era on s rea s arr e u o e r on an ur e

f m t h ch i ld f I l
.

ro e re n o s ra e .
THE TE STA MEN T O F DA N , THE SE V EN TH SO N

OF J A CO B A ND BI LH A H

I . copy of t h e words of Da n which h e s p ake to his

THE ,

so n s in his la st da ys in the h u n dre d a n d twen ty fi ft h year ,

-

o f his life 2 For h e call e d tog e ther his fa m ily a n d said :

. .
,

H e ark e n to m y words ye son s of Da n ; a n d give hee d t o ,

the words I of yo u r fath e r ] 3 I ha ve p ro v e d in m y h e a rt . .

,

a n d in m y W hol e li fe that tr u th with j u st d e a li n g is good ,

a n d well p l e asi n g to God a n d th a t lyi n g a n d a n ger are ,

e v il becau se they t e ach m a n all wick e d n e ss 4 I co n fe ss

,
. .
,

th e re fore this day to you my childre n th a t in m y he a rt I

, , ,

re sol ve d o n the death of J os e p h m y brother] t h e tru e a n d r

,

good m a n [5 A n d I rejoiced that h e was sold beca u se

. .
,

his father lo ve d h im m or e th a n u s ] 6 F or t h e s p irit of . .

T I TLE i t xt b f S d a 3 J t d li gn eW h l d xp ct e
1
rea us ea n e s ou e e

T t m t c c ig g ff i g
. .

pp d t
. .

es a f D en l go anh on ern n an er
“
on -
su er n ere as o ose o

d lyi g c c i g l yi g d i ii 1 v i 8 “ ”
an n
g on ern n n an an er as n

i by i t p t ti j dg
. . .
,

D
an g er , an s
4 Th f ( A) Bn er re a on u er e or e a
m t b gi i g f th
. .

“
f) ; g
en th
R l d
e
t h d th ( é fl un
e nn n
pt
o e ’

f th T t m t
,
e so ve on e ea e v we
w d or s o f D e es a en o an c on l “

c i g w t h d l y i g t h v th i) O d ) B ( A) S d ” ro au r ov fi -
a re a re

i d c c i g t h d th
.

ern n ra an n e se en ”

T t m t
j
,
( ndbun o ce o n e rn n e ea v

Th l tt di g i v y
d i fl t s c on f D a e,
“
es a en o an ,
pi
th v th
e se f J c b th
en fi t difli lt th t f i t b p f d
s on o a o e rs
ne e a e r re a n s er

f Bi l h h c c i g w th d I t g b c k t t h H b w 5 m
,
cu : a o a s o e r e e rr e .

so n o a on e rn n ra an

lyi g ; A T t m t f D
,
” oe s a o e e re : ay

i th l i d
.
“
n

c i g g cy d h t d
es a
t b xp
en o an c on
s en o e e a ne as a
e rn n arr o
t an
l ti f
an
wh ich w c
a re
p t .

ra n s a on o i
zi a as o rr u
( d g) i O thi v i l i t t f D
I 2 F f d or d a a e re a
“
an
f
. . . .

or nn er n s e n en o an
bS A m I
cf T Z b ii 1 iii 2
.

o .

e
Hi m il l
. . . . . .
,
s f adA d y ( Bna -
) . re a
Fl y br o th er 1
om
h is s on s
”
( ) a .
BA S .

t v c t ti v
.

Sa id d A a dd t o h em 5 I h a e br a ke e d h s e rs e as an

i t p ti c cti
.
. .

My w or d s , y e s on s of Da n n e r ol a on I t b re a k s t h e on n e on

t
.

b * °d e f h re a d be w e en 4 a n d 6
( B
h i A a g c A t he .

w o r d s ( A h o m ) o f Da n y o ur a h e r ft His f a t h er h im ( 6 n a r fip a br bv
—
. .

0f y our f a the r ( a d g ) B d g 8 1 -
a a e f S1 ) d g A a b c re a d “ ou r
t ft f th ft
. .

” ’
o f t h e m o u h o f y ou r
“
re a d a h er, a er h im , b “
h is a h e r (0
A o f my m o u h t . ar m 7
-

7p a vr o fi ) .
124 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
jealousy a n d v ain glory said to m e : Thou thyself also a rt his
so n 7 A n d on e o f t h e s p irits of Be l ia r stirred m e u p
. .
,

sayi n g : Take this sword a n d rw it h it 1 slay J os e ph ; so shall ,

thy fa ther lo v e the e wh en he is dea d 8 Now this was . .

t h e s p irit o f a n ger that p e rsuaded m e to crush J os e p h as a

leo p ard cr u sh e t h a kid .

‘
BA S
9 . God of m y fa thers 9 But t h e God of J acob
Bu t t h e .

did n ot s u ffe r h im to fa ll ou r fath e r did n o t d e li ve r

i n to m y ha n ds so that I h im in to m y ha n ds that I
,

sho u ld fi n d h im alo n e a n d shou ld fi n d him alo n e n or ,

slay h im a n d c a u se a s e co n d s u ffer m e to work this

,

tribe t o be d e stroye d in i n i qu ity l e st two trib e s ,

I sr a el . sho u ld be d e stroyed in I sra e l .

I I A n d n o w m y childr e n behold I a m dyi n g a n d I

.
, , ,

t e ll yo u of a tru th that u n less ye k e e p yo u rsel v es from the

,

s p irit of lyi n g a n d of a n ge r a n d lo v e tr u th a n d l on gsu ffer ,

in g ye shall p e rish
, .

1
h a s

2 .For a n ge r is blin dn ess 2 There is blin d n e ss in , .

a n d do e s n o t suffe r o n e to a n ge r m y childre n a n d n o , ,

see t h e face o f a n y m a n a n gry m a n se e th the face

with tr u th . with tr u th .

3 For tho u gh it be a father or a m other [h e b e h a v eth

.
,

7 O f T Ze b ii 1, iii 2 an d
“
a ir ay : rm orru
c ru sh e t h w c pt
c pi c
. . . . . . . .

T xt
” “ ”
fo r m’ to r u sh , d a s h in
St ir r ed d fip e es
’

up e re a s a w ya l
t xt c
.

p c pt f
.

A e m e n ds t h e e t o s u k t h e bl oo d
“
(
“
h el e d o rr u or ma :

fiy e t pe
of J p
os e h a s a l e o a r d su k s t h e bl o o d p c
.

o f a kid p i t t
I t is oss b l e ha éuol
itt p ic
.
l
Sa y ing (BA S ) a om.
é véB a h e u in a is a d o gr a h r e n der
.

8 Now t his w a s ( a ) a b ef S1 re a d t t t
in g o f w h a h as a l re a d y b e e n ran s l a e d
ti ti t
.

p
.

” ” ”
h s is , g A “
now h s. e r s ua d e d me ( n effibv bo h
T o cr us h a kid ( B — a d ) a i i c
r e n d e r n gs g o n g b a k t o a mo n .

p I I 2 Th t x t f i f f m diffi
.

“ “ ”
r ea ds as ( for a s h i ) a l e o ar d e e o a s re e ro

it t c l t y A g d th t f BA S w
. .

1
c ru sh e t h a kid , so s u g ge s e d t o m e t o u s re ar s a o e

c J p p v th t f A S m
.

” “ I
ru s h ose h , af f or a s a l e o ar d sh ld
ou b o se r e a a e o

f c ( 6 p6
.

c ru s h e t h a k id , so w l l I ru s h i c J p
o se h
“
ang y F r th
”
or
“
e a e 7 7r

V i ) w m igh t f ly
. .

A ll t h e MSS a n d
“
e rs o ns r e a d s o me a w n ou d e y re n er re e an

fo r m o f é x nugau z t o su k
' ”
in b o h c t p erso n .

i t c
ns an e s w h e r e I h a e r en d e re d
“
v
ru s h c T th rud l g fl i g Cf v i 8
an on su er n . . . .
126 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
co me th wron g fully ; a n d thirdly h a vi n g his o w n n atural ,

p o w e r h e worketh th e reby t h e e v il 5 A n d thou gh the w rath . .

f u l m a n be weak yet hath he a p ow e r twofold of that which ,

is by n ature ; for wrath e ver a ideth such in lawl e ss n ess 6 . .

This s p irit goeth always with lyi n g [at the right ha n d of

Sa ta n th a t with cr u e lty a n d lyi n g1 his works m a y be wro u ght
, .

I V U n derst a n d ye ther e f ore the p ower o f wrath that

.
, , ,

it is Tva in 2 F or it first of all gi ve s pro v ocati on by word

. .

th e n by deeds f it st re n gt h e n e t h h im who is an gry a n d ,

with shar p loss e s dist u rbe t h his m i n d a n d so stirreth ,

u
p with great wrath his so u l 3 T her e f ore whe n a n y on e . .
,

s p e aketh agai n st y o u be n o t ye m o v ed to a n g e r [a n d if a n , y ,

m a n p rais e th you as holy m e n be n o t u p lift e d : be n o t m o v ed ,

e ith e r t o delight or t o disg u st ] 4 For first fit p leas e th . .

‘ ‘

the h e a ri n g a n d so m aketh t h e m i n d kee n to p ercei ve t h e

g ro rm d s f or p ro v o catio n ; an d the n bei ng e n raged he ,

thin k e th that h e is j u stly a n gry .

A d t h i dl y (
n i pi d A)
r g F i v 1 4 d l w ith t h bj ct f
Ka r r ou a or -
ea s e su e o
th i dl y b f S d p v c ti th t
. .

I
rea d r d th g e re a e an er a n ro o a on e re o

t hi d d c ct with
.

r ( pt n n ) r r u r H ly m u (an f) bd g A Son n e d o en a a e
1
re a

p w (5 n ) d t d
.
,
”
g d m
’’
o er vua w un e r s oo . oo en .

H i g hi wav n t lp w s o Bn t m
n a u ra d ( p 67 a Bdhh fl ) o er e no ove er a ec e

h vi g t h e p
. .

1
m y b h
’
th e evil ( BA S d a
B Ah d re a l épgl “
a n er a o ea at e s r /w a e ere

t l p w f h i b dy d f hi
n a u ra o er o d i g f s
g$o n w C f E th
an o s a re n er n o nnnc e s er

g cy w k i g
. .

o w n a en or ix 22 n .

Th i i c l
. .

5 H th h p w a t w f ld f t h t
e a 4 TP l o er
th ép o o ly o a ea s e : r n et . s s ea r

( BA S )
.

c pt f
.

P h p it = r
I
w hi h i c by t s d
n a u re w a re a s er s
'
o rr u
g ro n a 1 1n, or
i f g ( bpy fi ) S p i g t h
.

th p = gi v p v c ti
“ ' ”
e a s s on o an er Th b
s r n e ‘ '
es ro o a on e e ar
i 1 1n
p i h im w it h t w f ld p w
.

H
‘ ’
i g o er
u n
y
o o
n fii b n z r vu a xo v. ere oucor s o
A mit t h b c k t d
.

6 W it h ly i g t h th i g id ( f i g t e
o ra e e “
n i ly
a v ou s e n sa re e rr n o
d t h t f ll w t h
. .

w or s g h h mt
a o o 3 wh ro u
y p k th g i t
. 3 “
en an o ne s ea e a a ns

t mi ti v
,
I V 1 Th t i t i T i Th i = $ a s d
va n d i th s zn ou an s oo no na e.
y n e
c p t f 5 w = th t it i d Th c p ti f m i t r mi l d
. . .

“
o rru or 3
~
3 a s a e e orr u on o n o s e
an ai n
t y
s ro er .
th t l t i t t ki g 5 th
I
e ra n s a or n o a n 1 21a
. as e
2 Gi .
p
i p v k d
ti ves (b d g A S ) cc
rovoca
ti v H c on
4 h ld b .

a u sa e. en e v er s ou e

fi t t hi g i
.
“
a a e f d r ea s ro
d d
o
F
e .

th d ren er e
“
or rs e n sa

i t h p v c ti m k th t h
,
th ( b u i) Th
v
,
St g th
r en en e uy a o e se n se
d
ti f ct y P ib ly
.

g e ro o a o n , an so a e e
(i mi d k t p c iv
is u n sa s a or os s e ”
t
c pt f
. . .

n e en o er e e, e c

d it t ch
.

B uuau f i o s orru or e ni
,
T p i A d o er ce ve re a s
“
an ea es
b itt
. .

e rs , f ma i
or it t h or
Th g d f :
p ti nc H e .

I
e r ou n s or r ovoca on . e re

Sh p ( m p i b) f gAS
’

ar x I
a s d b épé d a f 6 ép fl dé a e f re a r ca a v or 7 t ta u o

wh t h
.

” “ ” I
rea d m ll “
s da l g Bd 9 S dg d b on a -
re a
“
a as ee n

id ( b mi d
.

“
A th f sa T e n o

3 Th l tt h l f f th i v
e a er him w h gi v a op v c ti s e r se c an o es ro o a on

g t it p t c t xt V
. .

I
no t b l e on o s A d bi g
re s e n g d ( A)
on e BS d . e rse n e n en ra e a re a

4 h s ld f ll w i mm d i t l y
ou o o 3 d th b i g
e g d
a e on ve r .
3
. an en e n e n ra e .
 D A N—C H AP T E RS 1 11 5—V. .
3 127

5 . I f ye fa ll
i n to a n y l o ss or r u in m y childre n rbe n ot , ,

a fflict e d ] ; for this v e ry s p irit m a keth ( a m a n ) d e sire that

which is p e rishabl e in ord e r that he m a y be en ra g e d ,

thr o u gh t h e a fflictio n 6 A n d if ye s u ffer loss v olu n tarily . .

,

or i n v ol u n tarily be n o t v e x e d ; for fro m ve x atio n a riseth ,

wrath rwith lyin g] 7 Moreo ve r a two fold m ischief is . .

,

wra th with lyi n g ; a n d th e y assist o n e an oth e r in ord e r to

dist urb the h e art ; a n d whe n the so u l is con ti n u ally dis
t u rbe d t h e Lord d e p arteth fro m it a n d Be l ia r r u l e th o v er it
, , .

V O bser ve there fore m y childre n the com m an dme n ts

.
, , ,

of t h e Lord ,

A n d kee p His law ;

De p art fro m wra th ,

A n d hat e lyi n g ,

That the Lord m a y dwell a m o n g yo u ,

A n d Be lia r m a y flee fro m yo u .

2 Sp ea k tr uth e ach o n e with his n eighbo u r

.
,

So sh a ll ye n o t fall i n to wra th a n d co n fu sio n ;

Bu t ye shall be in p e a ce ha v i n g the God o f p eac e , ,

So shall n 0 w ar p r e va il o v e r y ou
'

Lo v e the Lord throu gh all your li fe ,

A n d o n e a n o th e r with a tr u e h e art .

5 Thi y p i it p i h bl
s ver f d l i T R b v i 9 Th i
s r er s a e ou n a so n eu s

p i it f d i d t c mm d i b w d i d p d tly
. . . . . .

“
A d
re a th s e s r o e rror e s re o o an s orro e n e en en

d o th i th i g d t cc mpl i h t h f m Z ch by S t P l i E ph i v 2 5
s n an o a o s e ro e au n

i
. .
, . .

h h i dh j d
’ ‘
ru n . é i} a e re r e ca u Ka O r o s
'
u e r cz.
,
ro

H m y b e g d tha gh th fl i
e en r ahn l b fi e r ou e a c n a ov a ro

dB — ) Th i xp i i
.

ti on é y 5a 7r 0 G d f p
'
1 n o vs a o o ea ce s e re s s on s

g d th d p t d ( l ) by St P l f m t xt
. .

BS
I
d h m y b
re a gh e a e en ra e r ou a o e au ro our e

gi g v 2 3 R m xv 33 Phil
. .

th l e ( fi u dfi 5 a 7 oti ) ;
on n Of 1 Th v w 1 7 01 n on e ss o

A h m y b g i v d th gh d i ( 1) i v 9
. . . . . .

e a e r e e r ou e s re 3

t h th i g l t t xt i h
”
for e n 3 O
os m k bl i ur e s e re re ar a e n

b i g t h fi t l it th ity w h ich
. .

6 A d h BAB m n y o e n e rs e ra r au or

it c j i t h t w g t c mm dm t
. .

l
A i th ( d A S )
r se
B d d a -
a re a
“
on o n s e o re a o an en s

c i f l v t G d ( D t v i 5)
.

au s e s t o a r se d l v t o o e o o en an o e o
ighb ( L x i x
. . .

7 M w ith ly i g
or eover fg It i n at ou r ne our ev s
m it th
. . . .

gh h m t m
’
o r ou t bl t L d no u n re a so n a e o assu e our or s
V 1 C mm dm t ( b d g A S ) c q i t c w ith it Of M tt xxii
.

l
o an en s a ua n an e a

c mm d m t L k x 27
. . . . . . .

a a e
f d re a 37 39
o an en u e

x i x 1 8 c t i ly d i
. . .
,

2 Sp k t t h t ( dh fid
ea ¢ 0é y ru I L e c eta u n ev er a n
~
an n o ur

t x t p i bl y t h p h f i g h b
. . . .
, ,

hn l fi)
‘ ’

7 606 é 6
pb b Ka a r o s ‘
7r s r z/ n a o v a izr o e oss e s e re o ne o ur
Th i q t ti f m Z ch v iii 1 6 i h d i l i mit d t I l it I
.
,

s uo a on ro e . . s oo s e o s ra e es . n our
 128 T E ST A ME NT S O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
4 I . k n ow that in the last days ye shall d e p art fro m the
Lord ,

A n d ye shall p ro v oke Le v i u n to a n g e r ,

A n d fight a gai n st J u d a h ;
Bu t ye sh a ll n o t p re v ail agai n st the m ,

F or a n a n g e l o f the Lord shall gu ide the m both ;

F or by the m shall I srae l stan d .

5 A n d wh e n soe v er ye d e p art fro m t h e Lord y e sh a ll

.
,

walk in all e vil a n d work the abom i n a tion s of the Ge n tile s ,

goi n g a whori n g aft e r wo m e n of t h e lawle ss o n es while

-
,

with a ll wick e d n e ss t h e s p ir its o f wick e dn ess work I in you] .

[6 For I ha ve re ad in the book of E n och t h e righteous

.
, ,

L d or th i l i mit f c
’
s u se ere il d t h ch i f c f t h
s no o ra e o r a re as sa e as e e sou r es o e
c ty
ou n r v il d c l m iti f I l Th e s an a a es o srae ese

Of D t vi 5 x 1 2 th f ig d t
.

v
.

L th L d ove e or t b eu e r s es, ere ore , a re o e a ss ne o

th fi t c t y ti
.
. . . .
,

xxx 6
,

wh th e rs e n ur B en e na on

t by ci v il di i d d ic l ly
. . .

l
Th g h ll y r ou l if ( B dAS) aw ou r e 6 -
a as orn ss e n s o n s an ra a

Th i c l li d th l t
.

s i t v y pt
a u se hd d d ms no d M
er b a re a e ora se un er e a er a cc a e a ns.

w it h Th i l k l i k Th y m y c m f m t h
.

”
ll t h y l a so u m h d s oo s e e a o e ro e sa e an as

c ib l m d ti b t it m y b T L v i x i v —xvi T J d h xx i 6
.

a s r a e en a on , u a e . e x u a

igh t xxiii T Z b i x N g i
. . . .
, .

r m y b w a e a e o r, a a n, ca n e

g d it t d g p b bl
. . . .

mi t l ti
.

s r ans a f w m g on o i th l ar re ar as n e ea s e re e ro a e

T A ru ed p th t p t i tic J w w iti g i t h
re a s
“
ur e a a a r o e r n n e
p lmi t d y f t h M cc b h g
,
. .

I
4 I k w ( A)
“
BS d
no f I a re a or a es a s o e a a e an e e
t th t
. .

k wno m y h ld f th on , s ou a sse r a on e o e

t T w l v T ib ct l
.

L i ev J d h S w
u d
a th ee no e on e e r es as un er e a ua
T R b vi 5 1 2 f S t d y t Sp k j t
.

eu l -
ru e o a an an e ea us as

l ti m t c v i
. . . .

Y h ll e t p s il a t Of T no dl y f it r eva e c. a ssure o s u a e on e r s on

R b v i 5 T Sim v 5
. .
,

eu ( ve r

6 Th i v t i mp t c
. . . . . . .

5 Y h ll w lk e s d w k ( ) a a i f g an or a s e rse s o r ea or a n e ,

it i t h m t ci t th ity w t
.

d w lk i g ( b y w lk )
. .

”
I “ “
B S -
a re a a n e a as s e os an en au or e a

an d ( by S m ) w ki g I
A p tp
o f t h v i w w h ic h
or n
”
a b b* e r e sen o s se ss or e e con

t d t h t ib w ith t h A ti
. .

“
y h ll ( A
e s m ) w lk a dw k h o f D a an or nec e e r e o an e n

ch i t E v i t h O T t h g d
.

”
in r s en n e e r ou n
g
ll f i w p p d f c h vi w
. . .

A ll w i k d dg d c e nes s . re a a or n as re a re or su a e

c ti i Th D w ly c ct d
.

”
a on us an as ear on n e e

n w ith i d l t y t h c h i l d
. .

Sp i it f w i k d r ( s o uu c e n es s f D t n ve ara r s o a r : e r en o a n se

n ov np t — f b A S
as d pi it p f t h m l v g v im g J dg
a e
I
re a
“
s r s u or e se es a ra en a e, u

f f ic ti p i it f xviii 30 c lv w
.

o orn dg a on f t h g ld “
s r s o e rr or on e o e o en a es as

d (d m ) f ic ti p l c d i D 1 Ki g x ii 2 9 F th
.

an o orn a on a e n an , n s ur er,

p m cy i l t ti m w m k th t D i
. .

4 w h v th
.

6 7 I -
n ve r e a e e su re a n a er es e re ar a an s

f L vi d J d h t d d t h t h l t i t h li t f t h t ib i
. .

o e an u a a ss er e an e e as n e s o e r es n

vi lt m d p th m b y t h 1 Ch xxv ii 1 6 2 2 ; L v itic l
,

a n a ss a u s a e u on e e ro n no e a

d cl citi pp i t d i t h t i b f D
. .

s on s o f D Th m v an e sa e e r se e a re s e s a re a o n e n e r e o an

t h t L vi d J d h t y f i 1 Ch v i 6 1 qq th gh i J h
.

a e th an u a a re e s a o n r on s ou n os

i mm di t xx i 2 3 w h ich 1 Ch v i 61 i
.
. . .
,

Is ra e l d d an th a re un er e e a e on r on s

g id c ch citi m ti
. .
.
,

u f th
an g l e f th o L d b d e an ed o e or ase su e s a re en on e

id f D hi t y
.

S ch t t m t h m i w ith t h
.
,
’
u s a e en s Th d k ar on se e 11 e ar er s e o an s s or

ti g d w k f t h T t m t i t h O T i th t w h ich i m i l y
.

en re rou n or o e es a e n s. n e s a s a n

L vi cc t t d i bb i ic l it t
.

I v
n 6 7 h w v
e rse s d J d h
-
,
o e er, e an u a a e n ua e n ra n e r a u re .
l 3o T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
9 An d . so wh e n ye ret u rn to t h e Lord ye sh all obtai n
m e rcy ,

A n d He sh a ll bri n g yo u i n to His sa n ct u ary ,

A n d He sh a ll gi v e you p e ace .

A n d th e r e shall arise u n t o yo u fro m the tribe o f

[J u dah a n d of] L e v i t h e sal v ation of t h e Lord ;

A n d h e sh all m a k e war a gai n st Be l ia r ,

A n d e xe cu te a n e v e rlastin g v en ge a n ce on o u r
e n e m ie s ;

1 1 A n d t h e ca p ti v ity shall h e tak e fr o m Be lia r [the so u ls

.

o f the sai n ts
] ,

A n d t u rn dis o b e die n t hearts u n to the L o rd ,

A n d gi v e t o th e m that call u p o n him e t e r n al

p eace .

9 S A . d ft th o . th i g b p g f m J d h i th fi t
re a s
“
a er ese n s . e s ru n ro u a n e rs
Wh y t t th L d y
en h ll c t y
e r e u rn p g T J d xx iv o e or e s a en ur B C a ss a e u
Of T Z b i x 7 d i th c pt p g i T
. . . . .

obt i m a n y er c 56 e -
an n e orr u a ssa e n
N p h v iii 2
. . . .
. .
, .

Y h ll bt i
e m y s A a d o a n er c rea s a

H h ll h v m c y p
. . . .

e s ya M k wa e g i t B lier Of T u on ou
”
a e ar a a ns e ar
L v i xv
. . . .

H h ll b i g y e ts Cf Ta 12
r n ou , e c e 11 1

J d h xx iii 5 T I v i 3 T A h
. . . . . .

u a E. t l ti g .
g ss . . . s . x ecu e a n ever a s n ven ea n ce on
7
v1 1 . mi H t xt d y ou r en e es e re e re a s : rrv
‘

Cf H gg i
. .

H h ll g i y p é Blmy 0 i Sw
‘
e s a ve ou 2 pd ea ce a a /{ aw 7 0 u Kovs ( at 7 0 s nar aw
ii 9 I th i pl c I w ill gi v y
. .

“
n ( b ép ) na di ( d f
s a e d find A e ou n aaw r re a »,
p c p cl i mi g t bv i th t ép w i
.

“
ea e b d b fi) It i
re a s ro a n un o a ro s o ou s a n aa n

p c w it h w h ich c mp
. .

y ou ea J
e, bi m d ti b t b d d o a re er s an e en a on , u a a o ne , ue
xxx i v 8 ; 1 E l xx i 1 7
.

. t mi d n t di g t h S m itic i di m
. . . o su n er s a n n e e o
1 0 A d th h ll i nth i é dt n w d b
ere mp i s a t a r se e n x k a c a et , a ; n;
“
o e xe

f t h L d O f T L v i xv iii
.

l ti
s a va on o ct v g c e or
pd w t h i e u e en ean e
”
nar c en, s
3 ; T J d xx i v 1 T Z b ix 8
. . . .

c l l y c p t b t t h i gi f t h
.

u T e e ar orr u u e or n o e
G d v iii 1 ; T J xix 1 1
. . . . . . .

c p ti b c m m if t t
,

a . . os . . . o rr u on e o es an es o n r e ra n s
Th t ib f [J d h e d] L i r I l ti
e oit m c pt fu a an ev a on : z
ui as o rru or 131 3 1 124.
h v b ck t d J d h d f if
.

t h li
“
l
‘
h ul w yp b
’

a e ra e e Th u a an or : ro s n o e o n c r. us e ne
th w d w i gi l w h l d i t d i t p f ct p ll li m w ith
,

e se or s ere or na e s ou s res o r e n o er e a ra e s

h v f J d h d L vi t h p c di g F th m
”
a t ib e
“
r es o u a é bt an e or e re e n on e ur er or e , x

th t i b f L v i d J d h
, .

m p w h ic h h d
“
ra er r n i) t
es o e an u a K e w ro V Ko vs z ng J a ) a
1 ; T G d v iii 1 b tt
.

b v
,

Cf T Sim T b
v11 d d a e er e re n e re as a o e
xi x 1 1 L vi i l w y pl c d
. . . . . . .
.

J os 1 1 Th p t i ity t e Of T Z b s a a s a e e ca v e c e
b f t R b v i 5 i x 8 (b d g ) I h v b ck t d t h
. .

J dh(
. .
, . . . .

“
e ore u a se e n o e on eu a e ra e e e
1 2 ) xc pt i th p t p g w h ich
. .

it Ch i ti
. .

”
e e l n f th e re s e n a s sa e, s ou s o e sa n s as a r s an
w e i c d y d i T G d dditi
se e s se on Th c p ti v ar f B li h v an n a a on e a es o e ar a e
v iii 1 w h ich w m t g d ith th i p ll l xp i di b di t
. .
,

e us re ar e er a s as e r a ra e e r e s s on so e en
c p t i t p l t d Th t h h t
.

o rr u or n erH c th y h
o a e t b us e e ar s en e e a re ere o e
igi l t x t h t ch t h d i v ti
.

t d th l v d th
.

or na e d e re ea
gh es e er a on un e rs o o as os e en s a e rou
f th M
o i h f m L vi T R b i t h im
e e ss a ro e as eu s n o

i 7 1 2 ; T L v i v iii 1 4 xv iii
. . .

v -
T T di b d i t h e t t Cf u rn so e en ea r s , e c

J d xx i v 1 3 ( T N ph i v
. . .
. .
, . .

u T L k 1 1 7 ém pé y d b i é
a u e ar i at rra
’
e s v

x i x 5 9 Th M i h i i d t ¢ p § d l w
. . . . . . .

J os . .
-
. e e ss a s sa o ou7 a e z uca v.
 D A N— C H A P T E RS v .
—
g Vl . 1 I 31

1 2 An d t he. sai n ts sh a ll r e st in Ed e n ,

A n d in t h e Ne w J e r u s a l e m will t h e right e o u s r ej o ice ,

A n d it sh a ll be u n to t h e glory o f G o d fo r e v er .

1 3 A n d n o lo n g e r sh a ll J e r u sal e m e n d u re d e sol a tio n

.
,

Nor I srae l be l e d c a p ti ve ;
For t h e Lord sh a ll be in t h e m idst of it [liv in g
a m on gst m e n ] ,

A n d t h e Holy O n e o f I srael sh a ll r e ign o v er it [in

h u m il ity a n d in p o v e rty ; a n d h e who belie veth on Him
shall re i gn am o n gst m e n in tr u th] .

V I A n d n ow fe ar t h e Lord m y childre n a n d beware

.
, , ,

12 The sa in t s s h a ll r es t in E d en 1 3 No l on g er sh a ll J er u s al em, e t c
cc di g t T L v i xv iii
. .

f
.

J
.

A or n o e 1 0 t he Th e Ne w er u s a l e m s h o u ld n o t s u fer

M i h f m L vi w ill
. .

e ss a pro e o en the a s t h e O ld e ru s a l e m : JT Le i cf v xv i
g t di ig h t J xx iii
. . .

a es o f P t th a ra se o e r e ou s . 4 T ud a h
. 3 . .

Th N w J e l m ( bg A S )
e d er u sa e
I
c re a s [Livin g ( a vua ua a r pe qbbue uo s) with
t h k i gd m
.

e f J n hi th N w o o
“
e e v c t ti c
m en ] I h a e bra k e e d h s l a use a s
d i gh t
.
,

i ti i t p ti
.

H ly Jo d th h ly ,
“
e o an r e ou s a Ch r s a n n er o l a on
J f t h h l y d (f m ) N w
.

i
.

“
e e o an o e I n h u mil ity a n d p over ty Th s e x
di g
. .

J Th
.

p i c
.

f e i i p li
re a n o c s n ex re s s on ou l d n ot b e u se d o f G o d
c bl h b t t h p ith t h ly i
.

a e e re , u e e e
“
o
”
n t
h o u gh it c
ou l d b e u se d o f t h e J i
e w sh
hid f m yh v e i f m my: b i g
a a e a r s en ro e n i
Me ss a h ( se e T u da h J xx i v t
1 n o e ) if
i t
. .

w itt c d tim c p tl y ump w e m gh r e g a r d r a r e tu wa cs a n d n r wxa a

’

r en a se on e orru as r

S f
o I
ar m w as th i i t h fi t a a are s s e rs
.

a s di tt p ic
og r a h i
r e n d e r n gs o f may .

tim th i xp i ( t h N w J
e s e r e s s on
“
e e e ru
Am g t m on i t
s th ( ) B S
en n ru a -
a
I

i t th i t h h v
.

l m ) i f d i J w i h l it t “
sa e
”
s oun n e s era u re re a d n ru n e ea en s .

Th i d i cl t f th i 1 E Th i cti i lf
.

e ly ea s e ar se or n n. VI 17 s se on s se -
c on

x c 2 9 wh G d Hi m l f i d c ib d w it h t h p i it l
. .

e re o se s es r e t i d
a ne It d l ea s e s r ua

b il d f c id f t h
.
, .

as th e f th N
u J lm er o e ew e r u sa e or e s y d a rra th e on e s es o e

an d it i y mb l ic ll y c l l d
s s th w o a a e e ne k i gd m
n f G d
o d f S t
s o d th i
o an o a an an e r

h ou s e . Th i xp ct ti i d i v d s e e a on s er e re al ti t
on I l Tho f c sra e e se or es a re

f m O T p ph cy E k 1 —xl v iii t if
.

ro ro e ze 11 en g g d i
a e d dl y n a d th ea s r e, an e

xp i k i g d m f v il i d m d t d t
. . . . .

Is li 1 1 12 l
v 1 Th x e e r e ss o n n o o e s oo e o es ru o

c i R iii 1 2 ti if I l t ly p t ( 1 2
. .
, .

N w J
.
,

e l m eru s a e re u rs n ev on s ra e ru re en s -

xx i 2 I t q i v l t t h J l m H c S t k t d t y th
. .
, ,
“
s e u a en e e r us a e en e a an seegh s o e s ro ro u

t h t i b v cc i G l i v 2 6 th w h t
. .

”
a s a o e o urs n a i
s n o se t G d o re urn o o
R bb i ic l w iti g p tim f l w l cm
. .

an d i n a S my n a r n s ee Th ere u on a e o a e ss ne ss o es
Ap c B i v 3 t V l J ud i h d G d f
.

o ar n o e, o z, sc e an o k I l
o rsa b t I esl sra e u sra e

c t f ll w y tt l y b c it i
. . .

E h t l g i 338
sc a o o e, ann o a a a u er e a u se s

ti i i t h N w th ic ll y d p i it l l y t gth d
.

B t th q
,

u e ues on a r s e s s e e e a an s r ua s re n en e

J l m t b i d tifi d w ith t h
e ru s a e o e en e e by th g l
e f p c an whe i th o ea e, o s e

Ed th t p c d
en a th J lm re e es or e e r us a e g t t f ll t h g l
re a e s o a Th e an e s us

t h t i m ti d i t h x t v l ti m t d m p ti
.

a s en one n e ne e rs e ? th e u a e f I l i
re e on o sra e s

I m i cl i d t t k
a n h l tt ne vi w o a e t e a er e a s s ure d
it f ll w t h t
.

G d d w ll i t h J b v
.

o e l m f
s 12 n e e ru s a e o ve r F m thro e a o e o o s a

w h ich h th by b c m t h N w t xt f h i B d A
.
,

as e re e o e e e th e e o h i -
a u er e
'
ei a er a c
'

J lm i c pt th i
,

e r us a e é l rr s o r ru as e re s no

q ti h f G d f k i g I l
.
,
1 ’
A d i t h ll b
n t ( B d A S)
s a e, e c -
a 0. ues on er e o o s or s a n sr a e

w h ich i t h t l gl y f d g i g t t h G ti l
. .

rea d s
“
s e e e rn a or o w h ll y o an o n H o e en es ere

p v th i g l
.

God . l
0 a on e re se r d th
es e s n u ar , an e
1 32 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
of Sata n a n d his sp irits 2 Draw n ear u n to God a n d . .

to t h e a n ge l that in t e rc e de t h for you for h e is a m e dia tor ,

b e twee n God a n d m a n a n d for t h e pe a ce o f I srae l h e sh a ll ,

sta n d u p aga in st t h e kin gdom of t h e e n em y 3 Th e re fore . .

is the e n em y e a ge r to d e stroy all that call u p o n the Lord

'

4 For h e k n oweth that o n t h e day o n which I sr a el sh a ll

.

r e p e n t t h e ki n gdom of t h e e n e m y sh a ll be bro u ght t o a n

,

end 5 For t h e v e ry a n g e l of p e ac e shall stre n gth en

. .

cl i f ct d l w ith t h c v i
a u se n a W il l t d p ea s g i t th ki g d m e on ers o n s an u a a ns e n o

o f I l S
s r ae t . 6 f th
ee n o e on v e rmy ( é fi B h l . . o e en e Ka r va vn r s art e as

2 D w ( Bb d ) ra bd d d a i} éx dp fi -
fi bg ( A ) S ) A re a an ro o ar a er a c
I

c pt l y d éxdp d m B h éw
. . .

’
d w
‘

ra o rru re a s as r aac v,

b vi c p ti
.

l
Th t ti t a d th f y
“
n er ce e f th n or ou an o ou s orru on o e

n a p uémp
a zr o v
Bd ) ds t xt H é n ~
l
are e ere Ka r va ur t or a er a t

c pt w ill t
. .

“
h ere d
orr u p ué mp wa 01d f d re a d p s na e rr o ‘
15 : i n
a e re a s an u

Of T L vi v 6 b f t h k i gd m f G d
. .

f ui (hua h i )
r t! s A ( é m e : e o re e n o o o Ka r va
b t th i m y b
. . . . .

y y dm w mi t B h l 76 6 fi ) H
' '
av xa u s a e a s ra n s aat e a s 7 01 60 ar a er a t as

l ti ( p l n i l t i f m ? Bf
, .

5 e
‘

a f on o
p i na a tr e r a t
‘
na a r a cs n a e n a r se n ro nun e o re Ka r l/ a ur a

G k m d A
B bA S i t t gi t b
re e ea ns an so 1
a n se r Ka a a ns a
pp t Bd H
-
.

w ld
ou su ll t h or 3 Th L d
-

A d th m f e re a e e or re a s e na e o
v i t m y b d i v d ltim t l y t h L d
.
. .

ar an s a e er e u a e e or
f m t p ll l t ( é w pép — )
.

ro S 4 R p ee no e é wp é on a a ra e e en rr
‘

r x eL a rr
p g i T L v 6 Si c
r

b li v
. .

1
30 h
ev e
a ssa e n
B8 d n a a e re re a e e e
b th p
. . . .

p bu A i c p t
h as n a i evr g evos n o a ssa e s,
( m m em m n y)
d i m i l l y Bd
or ore c s orru
b t it i c p ti
.
,
an s p vu ar t i -
n a a ir o e uo s , i s I
f BS Th
bl t i f th t t h
u s a o rr u on o e re
m H b w
t i d p d t t xt
.

r e aso n a e o n er a e sa e e re
h tw It
ph t d i gi l l y i b th
r a s e s oo
w
or
w ll k
na
w R bb i ic i w t h t
n o .
a re

as a
us

e -
o

no
n

n
e en

a
en

n V e
e s .

a
M di t eb tw G d
a or d m if l l I l p t d d m pti w l d
e ee n o an an a s r ae re en e re e on ou
Th i p h d pt d by St P l i
.

s i ra s e f l l w Cf P ikt 1 63 S h 9 7
s a o e au n
o o es h an b
1 Tim ii Th i c c p ti
.
. . .
, .
,
5 f J T it h S s
A on e on o er aa n ee ss
Mich l t d i p t f m M i 1 8 W b J d Th l g i
. . .
. .

b ae d ca n e un ers o o n ar ro os e er
2
u eo o e,
t h f ct t h t Mich l w
. . .
, ,
e a g d d a 34 8 353 ; B ae
t R l d J d th as re ar e as
o u sse e es u en
t h M di t f th L w J b i 29
,

36 9 q q V l 1 1 2 q ; B l d
. .
,
e e a or o e a ” u
s o z s a en s er er
p g
Ap c M ( Ed Ti ch d f p
. .
, . .
,
o os Al i i h Ap k Hfi s en or ’

g d e ss a n s c o o n un en es
Mi d h t h d th f M
.

J l li k J d th 2 1 7 qq I f w cc p t t h
. . .
. .

ra s on e ea o ose s , e ne
u en s e a e e
B t h Mi d h vi 75 ; J l k Ch d di g b li v b li f m t b
. .

“ ” “ ”
e a- ra s a a re a n e e e, e e us e
f 1 2 0 ( L k Mi h l 1 8
. . .

see tk t m ue t m
en , ly i t l l ct l c ae a en o ean n o e re an n e e ua
d f m hi b i g h i gh p i t i t h
.

an ro scc pt c f c t i d ct i b t
e n a r es n e
a e an e o er a n o r n es u an
s i x th h v S t T L v i iii 5; th ic l ch g f ttit d i v l vi g
ea en. ee n o e on . e .
e a an e o a u e n o n
L k ue M i h l pp 30 31
en, c ae b di c t th l w d p l
-

o e en e o e a an e rso n a
Th i ffic f m di t w
. .

b d v ti p t c
a or as su se “ ”
s o e o t G d e O e o on o o n re e n an e
q t l y b t t h b gi i g f t h T Z b ix 7 ; T G d v 5
.

ou e e nn n o e
u en a l se e a so e a
Ch i ti ig d t M w h i
,

5 T A h i 6
. . . . .
,
r s a n e ra , a ss ne o o ses , o n
vi i s
M i 1 4 i c ll d t h m d i t
. . . . .

“
A m e e a or I
ss os 5 F b
s a e or o
cv t d iii
. . .

Cf T A h v i 6 ;
. . .
”
f Hi
“
o s 12
o A g l f p
en a n an a
n e o ea ce s
m di t t
.
,

T B j vi 1 1 8 lii 5 liii
. . . . .

e a or Iun o th us 1 E n e
en n x
ct 3 2 54 G d i d t 4 l i 4 l i 2 l 2 4 S t h t
. .
. . . .
, .
,
d
B m idb a b a r ra se o sa o v v x ee e no e
w t th m di t
. . .

t h i d tit y f t h i
. .
, .
. .
, ,
M ose s Th “
ou as
g l T L e e a or
on e en o s an e on ev .

( 1 3 ) b tw d My c h i l d v 6
.

1 0 9 M e een e an re n

( i t h g i vi g f t h l w ) i mi l c d c v t
. .

n e F n St
o g th I e l a or s ar r en en sr a e re a s on er

t gth ibly th i i
. .

p g a ss a L vy es N h b i h se e I d e
’
P s eu e r a sc es an s re n en
”
o ss s s

igh t
. .

W o t b h iii 59 5 59 6
r er u c .
, . r .
I 34 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA R CH S
law of God ] 1 0 De p art therefore fro m a ll u n right e ous
. .
, ,

n ess a n d cl e a v e u n t o t h e right e o u s n e ss o f God a n d yo u r

, ,

race will be sav e d for e v e r 1 1 A n d b u ry m e n e ar m y . .

fath e rs .

V I I A n d wh en h e had s a id thes e thi n gs he kissed them

.
,

a n d fell asle e p at a good old age 2 A n d his son s b ur ied . .

h im A n d after th a t th e y carried u p rhis bon es] a n d

.
,

placed the m n ear A braham a n d I saa c a n d J acob 3 , , . .

[ N e v e r t h e l e ss rDa n 1 p ro p h e sied u n to th e m that th e y

,

sho uld forge t th e ir God a n d sho u ld be al ie n at e d from the ,

l a n d of th e ir i n h e ritan ce ran d from t h e r a ce o f I srae l] a n d ,

fro m the fa m ily o f

1 0 R ig h t f BS dd T t m t
eou s ne ss h w oTh i v i th I
a es a en s s o s. s ers e s e
dd iti l t
. .

”
th l w f
e a o . f h d a on o a a er an .

G od . bA cef g rea d “
t h e Lo r d , N e ver t h eless . b s1 a dd
“
as .

I
Th eir God ( 0 b d A re ad “ t h e
S)
A n d y ou r ra ce, e t c b om
t i
.

. .

la w of h e r God .

V II 1 F ell a s leep a t a good ol d

i Th eir s eed ( r o fi c rrép/t a r o s a brO v)
. .
' ‘

v t t p fix
.

E m en d e d fr om c ( firm/ Ly w h en)
"

a ge 1 1
ic f ( d f S h d f s
.

w h h r e a ds “ e ll a sl e e in a go o d p a a

Ka t )
e sa e
“
Bre a d s s o
a a e

it c
a me t o
re

p
sl e ep ”
He re a s in T Ze b
. 6 x d
.

ic c
w h h a l so a m e u on h e m p t ”
as s

t c p ti
. . .
1 011

c p ti
.

( se e n o e ) IJ‘
W is a o r ru
‘
. o n o f na ve .

a rr épua r o s a irr é w m a y b e a
’ ‘

orru on
B A
ic
S1
re a d iirruo u a l cfiut ov z
‘
o piy mm,
c p ti f or T o a rrep/i a a br c fiv Th e n w e m gh i t
t t t i f
.

wh h m a y be a orru on o f 6 M W
ran sl a e , and h e r se e d r om t h e
ru i n .
c f i
r a e o f I sr a e l a n d a m l y O r, in a se c
ti iti
.

A n d p l a ced ( f ( d g ) A b b lf d e f g SI ) h s a dd on w a s m a d e in t h e He b r e w
a
.

a B fg
d
-
A 0
om .
t xt
e ic
mm w h h r o 6 a rrépua r os a br d m -
‘

t t p p cl w ith c pt
,

3 Th e Te s a me n ro er ose s p pp
r e su o s es m a y b e o rr u f or 11 1 : 1

c mp i th
.

ver. 2, as a o f th a r s on o e o er dt a a n a prja our a t .

 THE TE STA MEN T O F NA PH TA L I ,
THE E I GH TH
SO N O F J A CO B A ND BI LH A H

I THE
. co p y of t h e t e stame n t of N a p h t a li which h e ord a i n ed ,

at the tim e of his d e a th in the h u n dr e d a n d thirtie th

y e ar of his life 2 W h e n his so n s we r e gath e red tog e th e r . .

in t h e s e v e n th m o n th o n t h e first da y o f the m o n th whil e , ,

still in good health h e m a de th e n a fe ast of food a n d wi n e ,

.

3 A n d afte r h e was awak e in t h e m or n i n g h e s a id to

.
,

th e m I a m dyi n g ; a n d they b e lie v ed h im n ot 4 A n d as

,
. .

he glorifi e d t h e Lord h e grew stro n g a n d said that after ,

y e sterday s fe ast h e sho u ld die 5 A n d he b e ga n the n

’
. .

to say : H e ar m y childr e n ye s on s of Na phtali , , ,

h e a r t h e words of you r fa th e r 6 I w a s born fr om . .

'

ilhah ra d 1 b e ca u s e Rach e l d e a lt cra f tily a n d ga v e Bilh a h

B n ,

T I TL Ei t xt b f A a d é p n l e A g w t g e a Cf
rea K a 'r a
'
e v,
“
re s ro n re

T t m t f N ph t l i ( + i gh th b)
. .
,
”
es a en fl ti g
o a a e ec n

c c ig t lg d
.

”
on ern n d n a u ra H h ld di ( BS ) oo d
n e sshi c on e s ou e
I
a re a s
“
s
b dy di d
.

fl t
a es th tw N ph t li
e o a A I h a l d di aY t o e
“
s ou e e

cc di g t v iii 9 h d d i k
.
, .

I 1 H d d d th i t i t h ( h t or o e ca s
un f re an r e a e a n an r n s

i w it h t
.

t
. .

A d h c d d h b d
rea h g un m y h re b t th ” “
un a a n a e rr e ar u e
g
c d Th Mid h w d m y f t i 2
,

d t h i ty
,
”
or s a re e r o
d d
re an r -
s e on e ra s . .

ig v h d d d th i ty
.

T d h
a s e es 5 A d h bg
“
un ( d A ) Bd g
re dan r n e e an a -
re a

th f mit th i
. .

t h i d S my d iti f J h xxv iii

r ee h b g e S
on o u e e an e re o r e .
” I
o s s

v
.

t
. .

1 1 24-
no e .
e rs e .

“
T y b dd t hi A o sa a s o s s on s ,
2 IVhil t ill i g d h l th ( Bd g
t th m
.

. e s n oo ea -

I o e
AS)
6 R h l d l t c f t ily
.

. a 0111 .

Th i ac e ea ra e re s a

m i m N p h t li i
. .

(Bi p
—
A f t f f d ea s d wi o oo an ne e n uo v
th
i w O —B— m it
a ro n o as a on e na e a a n
Ka dgAS) l va t
t h w d ; f e
I
p yla é
.

ln
a. o s Ka
e se or s or u n a vo v no ae

m pl y
’

Kw dd wa ‘ ’
mw m
‘
P x fih th
.
a n z
u ni , e sa e a on
4 G l ifi d
.
( ) BA S or d N ph t l i i f d i G xxx 8 b t
e a .
1
re a a a s oun n en u

di f t m i g b l g th t
. .
” ,
bl d
e ss e .
a e re n e an n e on s er e o

mm cc d i g t ll t h v i ‘
’
G w t re g d id ( é p
s r on fin an sa d x a r a t ui ‘
n a or n o a e e rs on s a n

Ka i el v e n — ) a .
BS
1
re a d
“
a fii rm e d Jos A n t 1 1 9
. . . . 8 .
1 36 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
in p lace o f h e rse lf to J acob a n d she co n ce iv ed a n d ba re me ,

u p on Ra chel s k n e e s rthere fore s h e ca lle d m y n a m e Na ph t a li

’

, .

7 For Rach e l lo ve d m e v ery m u ch b e cause I was b o rn

.

u p on h e r lap ] ; a n d wh e n I was still y ou n g she was wo n t to

kiss m e a n d say Ma y I hav e a broth e r of thin e fro m m in e
,
:

o w n wo m b like u n to th e e 8 W h e c e also J os e p h was

, . . n

lik e u n to m e rin a ll thi n gs ] a ccordi g to t h e p raye rs of ,

n

Rachel 9 Now my m other was Bilhah da u ghter of

. .
,

Ro t h e u s t h e broth e r of De borah R e b e cca s n u rs e who was

’

, ,

bor n o n o n e a d t h e s e lf sa m e da y with Rach e l 1 0 A n d n -

. .

Ro t h eu s was of the fa m ily of A br a h a m a Chaldea n God , ,

fe arin g f r e e born a n d n oble 1 1 A n d h e was take n

,
-
, . .

ca p tive a d was bought by Laba n ; a n d he ga v e h im E u n a

n

his han dm a id to wi fe a n d she bore a dau ght e r a n d ca lle d her , ,

n a m e Zil p ah a f t e r the n a m e of the v illag e in which he had ,

be e n tak e n ca p ti v e 1 2 A d n e x t sh e bor e Bilhah sayi n g : . . n ,

My d a u ght e r hasten s afte r wh a t is n e w fo i m m e diat e ly th a t ,

r

s h e w a s born s h e s e i e d the br e ast a n d hast e n ed to s u ck it z .

C i d on ce ve k ( ) BS d Z ilp h H i J b xxv iii 9

n ees a
I
re a a e re , as n u
p R ch l l p A d t h th iti q t d i t h t
. . . .

’ ”
h b
s e m ar e e u on a e s a an e au or es uo e n e no e
R ch l l p Zi lp h i p t d
,
’ ”
I w b as orn o n 9 11 a e s a on -
a s re res e n e as a
i t f Bil h h
.
,
l
A d th f n h i BS d
er e ore re a s s er o a

th f
.

e r e ore . 12 B il h h y i g My d ght . a , sa n , au er
H l l d my e ca m ( ) Bg S
e d h t f t wh t i
na w ( Bahh
e h éy
a - I
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wv,
c ll d
.

I w as a e bm dé i7 Gw dmp b f s ) Ica w ro v s e
l

d f cti v
.

I “
7 F ( ) By S or d d a dg h F re a b an . a are e re e e e or Ka w
V y m ch ( ) d A K
. . .

I
er By S m u m d a d é o ro v o s 0. re a s KG LV O N O L S an awa
‘ ’

ig i l t h H b w
.

K ( ) By S
n ees d l p a d ub I th I
re a
“
a a rro v a a s n e or na e e re

f t h i w d v id tly f m d
. .

pl y
.

M y I h a ( 5 in p ) S A d a ve 0 . 01 . O an o s or e en or e a a

so I m d e ( 5 7 h i) 1
en Bg S ath m Bi l h h i 5
1 7 5 1 01, -
I
on e na e a e n n3 1 nn n.
i di m i S m itic B t th fi t l m t i th w d K
, . .

Th e o s e u e rs e e en n e or a wa
B t p u i bly lbw i igh t M y I i p ici
o ss d th
/11 1 x t cl w h ich
s r
“
a s s us o us, a n e ne a u se

se e a b th f th i ro t er o i i t d d t xpl i it f i l t d
n e, e c . s n en e o e a n a s o o so.

f S I d d t h t xt w ld b cl if 1
( n bd A)
’
8 P y ra er s 6 1) a a e n ee e e ou e e a re r we
ig m itt d m y d gh t h t ft
.
,
.

H
“ ”
re a d bl e ss n w s ere e o e au er a s e ns a er

h v a c pti f 5 i t
e a orru wh t i won o n 5n n o a s ne

bj ct f t h i v
.

9 1 1 Th - i t e F o et k it ( b f S
o v s e r se s o or o s uc e
l
sa e
h w t h t Bi lh h w f S m itic d c t th t b S m i d t h b t d
.

I
s o a a as o e e s en a o se z e e re as an

b i g d c d d f m th t ck f A pp t t xt b t dd f t h
, .

“
e n e s en e ro e s o o su or s e u a s o e

l t J wi h t d iti m th ft b t ”
dg m “ "
Ab h m ra I a n a er e s ra on , o er a er re a s a a c

xx i x 2 4 2 9 Th i cl l t d d iti
. . .

t i P J
e n G s -
on m y b
on en . s au s e a e a a er a on

l xx i v 1 4 Pi k i t ll igibl d c l d
.
, , .

h w v
. . . .

G en bb ra R Ela It i r e s, o e e r, n e e an ou

xxxv i h i p t d d gh t t d w ith t t h p vi cl
. .
. . ,

s e s re r e sen e as a au er s an ou e re ou s a u se .

c c bi Lik t h p i cl it c t i i
.

o f L b by a an a on u ne e e r e v ou s a u se on a n s n

h t
.

11 E ( h if ) u nad E d a m s h pl y
0 re a s
“
nan, as e n e u e t a n] a a on

Ai
. .

”
b e
“
d Ed nan, S “
na . nn J .
1 38 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
l ye so a lso is his sle e p ; as his m i n d so a lso is his
’ '
e ,
,

his so u l so also is his word skill ; [a n d a s his p ur p os e

,
,

either in the l a w o f t h e s o a lso is his a chie ve m e n t ;

Lord or in t h e la w of Be l ia r a n d a s his heart so als o is .
,

his m o u th ;1 as his Ie ye so ‘ ‘

also is his sle e p ; as his soul ,

s o also is his word e ither in ,

the law of t h e Lord or in

the works of Belia r .

7 A n d a s there is a di v isio n betwee n light a n d

.

d a rk n e ss betwe e n s e ei n g a n d he a ri n g so also is ther e a

, ,

div isio n betwe e n m a n a n d m a n a n d betwe e n wo man a n d ,

wo m a n ; a n d it is n ot to be said that t h e on e is like t h e

oth e r e ither in fa ce or in m i n d 8 rFo r 1 God m ade a l l . .

thi n gs good in th e ir orde r t h e fi ve s e n s e s in t h e h e ad , ,

a n d He joi n e d on t h e n e ck t o t h e h e a d a ddin g to it ,

t h e h a ir also for co m e li n e ss a n d glory the n the heart fo r ,

u n d e rsta n di n g t h e b e lly fo r e x cr e m e n t a n d t h e stom ach for

, ,

gri n di n g t h e wi n d p i pe fo r taki n g in ( the bre a th ) the li v er

, ,

A s h is i ey e, s o a l s o is h is s leep
6
‘

t
u n r a n sl a a b l e . t 0. r e a d s eu o éui 7

ti fi tt
. .

S o m e h n g is w r o n g I n t h e rs h re e n
p oa cbrr ow ( sic nr o vja euo s h i ) ,
q t
.

o f t h e He b r e w a ss a ge s u o e d in t h e p f éu év l 7 02s n poa u mo w fir r wu
6
’ ’

t
n o e on v er 8 t h e ma w or d g e s e i ti v nr r ovv ( ij r r ov fiy o vv f ) 611 0101
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6d 1

t c c ct it t f th c p ti
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s o m a h is on n e e d w h sl e e ( nn p p ‘
p r e se n ur er o rr u o ns

c c pt
.

mwS) He n e . m a y b e orru f or 8 The fi ve sen s es Se e no e t on

ii 3— iii
. .

ma y) .
T Re u b
. . . . 1 .

A nd h is s ou l , s o a l s o is h is w or d
as
He j oin ed
.

t he t o t h e h ea d
i
Th s l o o k s l k e a d o gr a i
h y o f “
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on n eck

t
a s h is h e a r , so a l so is his m o u h t .
. a

A d d ing t o it t h e h a ir a l s o
.

L a w of t he Lor d or o n t h e l a w of f or
B elia r Cf T Le 1 vi xi x comel in es s a n d g l or y ( a a d e f S )
l
bA
i
.

i i
. . . . .
”
W or ks ( é‘py o w A ) Th s re a d n g is re a d t h e h a r a l so f o r gl or y .

pp t vi xi x
.

”
su or e d b y T Le 1 a b d ef . . . Th en A r e a ds .and .

( ubuov )
“
r ea d la w t he he a r t u n d ers t a n din g ,
.
Th en f or
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et c ith th i W s e n u m e ra ti f m on o an s
’

pw d f c l ti m i gh t c m p
.

a om . o e rs an a u es we o a re

A n d it is n ot t o be sa id t h a t on e is t h f ll w i g l i t
e o o n s s Be ra kh 6 1 a b

l ike t he o t h er in f a ce or in m in d So
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l k e t h e o h e r in a e o r m n d Al l ‘
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rpwn 73
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t h e G re e k MSS are orr u A ll h e s e

5mm 111 m m us e
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1
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for wr a th , t h e ga ll for bitt e r n e ss t h e sp le en for lau ght e r , ,

t h e re i n s Ifor p r u d e n c e t h e m u scles o f t h e loi n s1 for p ow e r , ,

Th i d i th h
e re ns a t d A c mp i v s e, f th b v li te ea r un er o ar so n o e a o e s s

t
s an d th t g d t mi
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w i dp ip
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b b ll ki d f l i q id th v i th y i
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lun g s a s or th a ph n s o u s, e e a r ous ra s e s a s e a r se

w t hf l t h g l l p i k l it
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li ver ra u H t f e d ta dt g r s
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th e s o a r n H b w li t
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l p th w k f l q i v l t i t h f th I t w i ll b ”
s ee e n o se a e u ne ss e u a en n e o ur e

d l i d ph v d th t t h H b w T N p h
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b v
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,

Th e un i th er b ne r ase s n e a o e o s er e a e e re a

li t f d l i t x t Th gi v t w p ll l i b v i l y l t
. .

s are o un a so n o ur e e es o a ra e s n o ou s a er

xt t w l i t f m t h O t h i t h f p h l gy w it h h i
.

“
ne o s s ar e ro w e o o ra s e o o : as , s

R Ak i b ( d J ll i k B t h b i h t d d g i w ith
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a e d e ne e a ra n e un e r s an s an a a n

h iii 42 4 3 f th h i h t h c k
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M id ra s c d th mm an e ou r s e ar e re o n s, 3
f m t h l t H b w T N ph x 6
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ro e a e Th b l ly f
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5 x bpn ) Th I h v m d d La c aw us a e e en e
5 5 m 5 i t 6 x bpn
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p i f R Ak ib
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h d l i ra se s oun a so n a s
m y mu W5 m m u r 5 c d l i t d i t h T l m dic l i t
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s s n 1 : u r n un 3
se on s an n e a u s ,

53 3 man b u t n o t in t h e He bre w T Na p h
3 5 5
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me m m a pe/ n1 53 m m 5:
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115 ic f i it
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1
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na
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c pt
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Here mp, w h h c a n m e a n
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Th s is o n l y a r o f t h e
if it iv c p t
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Nap h
p h ra se for w e re g e n o m l e e l y
T .
f in . ad
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11
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t
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N x1n5 ‘
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fi t f t it i
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53 R?) o ur ma in» 51p ~

s xr i m pm my .
rs an d our h l s s a gr ee in r e a d n g

N s w mp Th us h e re
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‘ h dp yg é x n ve d w
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um: m
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ne w “
nnw
i
a g a n o ur t xt e it
a gr e e s wi h “
Ak b a s
” ’

pue
1
5
1 11111 211 . : nv rr 1n3s 5n it i t
l s s a g a n s t h e He b r e w T Na p h It
t tici t t
. .

is w or h n o ng ha ef re a d Ka i
men u 5
1 1 11 3 1 mme inn’ pi
h a mbv for Kath a /1 0V . .

ru n 1 ~
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I 4O T E STA ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
t he l un gs for drawi n g in the loi n s fo r stre n gth a n d so , ,

f orth 9 So rt h e n l m y childre n l e t a l l yo u r w o rks be do n e

. .
, ,

in order with good i n t e n t in the fe a r of God a n d do n othi n g ,

disord e rly in scorn or o u t of its du e s e a so n 1 0 For if tho u . .

bid t h e e ye to h e ar it can n ot ; so n e ith e r while ye a r e in ,

d a rk n ess c a n ye do the w o rks o f light .

= my 3 51 3 3 Th e He bre w h r a se is p v
is e r y o rr u c
or re a d s wh e vpau e ls pt
f it
. . .

o un d in a ll t h e l s s I
T a Ka 06 656 w 8 S n h e vpav ( n h e vpds
, g
-
.

A
,

The g a ll f or bit t er n ess ( xok hu mobs b d SI ) 6 5; Grimm 6 3: T a r i fl éva i o0 ¢ 0s

fi t
.

m x pia v z nm S m p ) He re t h e rs A v In a n d n h e vp d s h a e b e e n
ti i t iv
.

and h r d He bre w l s s g e
“
t h e ga ll t p fi t r an s o se d Here rs o f a ll w h e vpds
pi it p q i t it c
.

s r n k le s o n a d ro an d u e s pp a e a rs t o b e s e o n d ar y t o n h c vpo fiv
c f t c ti
.

c
.

A s t h e s e o n d a n d o ur h o n a n n o i tt tt t T h s l a er ( a es e d by a a ef ) , o ul d
f c
r e e re n e t o t h e g a ll , t h e H e b re w T i c p ti . e as l y b e a o rr u on of w h e e/row »

i iv
Na ph h e re a ga n d e rg e s r o m o u r f c ct m a ( orre e d ) t h e n z rrh e i o va e is T b
t xt
. . .

e . Ic a 06 1556 w 2 3 13 w5 mew, w h e r e 3 13 275 is

Th p l e s f l g h t =
een hfi 5
or c pt au er 0 1r iv va 6 3 o rr u f or : 1 Nw5 Th u s w e a rr e a t
t ti v N xt
.

( p ) yéh pmw5 5m wr a Th ra n s l a o n a s a b o e 6 19
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i f ll t h li t
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H b w ph A
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I
e re d i ra s e s o un n a e s s . Gfix n in Bg S a n d 6 29 T o r i fié va i in
v -

Th i fe re ns
p d pp b Z or pi t ru en ce z ve c o s 6 9 o n t o E ur/ 501 mm
‘

py i H p yi i t k xp ti p
‘
s a en
n a uo v a v. ere
Th 7r a u o v
l f th a
h e e an a on o e ra s e
i n a g d oo i t h LXX f P v
se n se a s d wi g i n i e
f d i A k ib o ro . “
ra n n
”
s ou n n a s
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i 4 v iii 5 I t i
.
, . d i g f
.
e c d li t t h l g d w i ll
s a ren er n o ar se on s : e un s ra n a

l
or e se o f my Cf R Ak i b . fi st k i d f l i q id ( rpm m
.
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. a s
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r n s o u s : p

li t s 5 Th ph
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f m cc i ll t h l i t
.

or o u rs n a t xo ) empt e h s s m 5 a r y ere z
nu or n‘x n
t f t gth Cf
.

Ak i b c d l i t fi d t h Th l i
. .

th
’
I n a s se o n s we n e e o n s a re e se a o s r en .

D t 1 1 ; l K x ii 1 0 ; P v
.

t t m t Th i g i v g d c
s a e en
“
l e re n s e oo ou n s e eu . Xx x l l l . . . ro .

xxx i 1 7
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an d b d d i B
a kh (Sl an dfi n e ra a b a n .
,

i i m gi v
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,

Th twe r e a re o re n s 9 L t ll y n w k b d
an, on e i es e a ou r or s e on e n
c th
.

l t
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th t t h g d i i gh t d t h
.
.

a e hi oo s on s r an e
O t f it d Of 2 E
v i l h i l ft ; f w fi d th t A l xii 3
,
u o s ue sea s on . . n .
“
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wi t i t h i igh t h d ; . .
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mse h an s ea r s a s r an
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s
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c cti w ith t x t c mp
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h ea r an e ra e .

I o ur o a re
A
n onn e on e

J b o xxxv iii 3 6 w h h t h p t w i d m W hi l o
c
y a
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i t
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p
,
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i t
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.

h H b w
t e d w
e t k by J w i h
re w or W hil i as d k a en w k f e s e n ar n es s or s o

it p t ig i Cf J h M l v d ” “
n er m re e rs as l ig h t
e an n
“
19 re n s o n 111 en o e

t h t h l i g h t b c th i
. . . .

'

Th m l e f th l i f u s c es p w d k o e o ns or o er ar n e ss r a er an e a u se e r

(f 6 i/ Z 6
0. 9 é u ) e s N t i yva f h dw d w v i l o C f E phn v
an 8 f o t e ee s e re e or

c t t i t
. . . .

li t i
.

s s / fi m y b tn a d g f 5a t h e a f l g
r enh d der n k o 03 e o n ra s o an ar n e ss

ti
.

B t t h t xt p i yc ti m m d k b t “
h b l f y w o ss on a n s
or e ere so e e ar n e ss u

a
e re

d itt g p h y
.

S
o ra
u

xt p h b t
e
w
e
yee
l i g h t ne ra s e u
no a re e .
”

xp i
.

o ne W k f lig h t Th or s o e e r e s s on

f i i f
.
.

d i i = m m w k f d k i m l m
Th l g f
e w un g s or ra n n or s o ar n e ss s a ar ro

m m5 t w h ic h t h c
: o pti i S t P l Cf R m x iii l 2 ; E ph
e o rru on s n our au o

v 1 1 b t pp tly S t P l h
. . . . .
.

MSS pp p i t Th i p h
,

t a ear o o n s ra s e , u a a re n au s un s

fi t l i t t h xp i f l i gh t
.
.
,

f d i Ak i b
.

”
i s ou n n
“
w a s
’
k ”
rs d s e e re s s on
“
or s o an

d v i f m f it i t h th ( E ph v 9 ) t h f it f l i gh t
,
“
an a r ou s or s o n e o er u se s . . e ru s o

th O
re e t xt
. I h v ur b v d ( 6 d b 0gu d )
e , as a e o se r e ,
rr ; 7 0 ar s .
I 42 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
ha v e read in the writi n g of E n och th a t ye yo urs e l v es also
sh a ll d e part from the Lord w a lki n g accordin g to all the ,

lawless n e ss of the Ge n til e s a n d ye sh a ll do accordin g t o a l l ,

t h e wick e dn e ss of Sodo m 2 A n d the Lord shall bri n g . .

ca p ti v ity p o yo n d t h e e shal l ye ser v e yo ur e n em ie s

’

u n u a I r
‘
, ,

a n d ye sh a ll be bowed dow n with e v ery a ffliction a n d

trib u latio n u n til t h e Lord ha ve co n su m e d you all , .

3 A n d a ft e r ye h a v e b e co m e m i n ish e d a n d m a de fe w ye
.
,

sh all re tu r n a n d a ck n owl e dge the Lord yo u r God ; a n d He

shall bri n g you back i n to yo u r ow n lan d accordi n g to His ,

a b u n d a n t m ercy 4 A n d it shall be th a t a fter that they . .

,

c om e i n to t h e lan d of th e ir fa thers they shall again forget ,

t h e Lord a n d beco m e u n godly 5 A n d t h e Lord shall . .

sca tt e r th e m u p o n t h e fa ce o f a ll the e a rth u n til t h e c om ,

p a ssio n o f t h e Lord sh a ll co m e a ma n workin g right e o u s n ess ,

a n d worki n g m e rcy u n to all the m that are afa r o ff a n d

’

to them that are n e ar .

V For in t h e fortie th y e ar o f m y life I saw a v isio n on

.
,

se cti Ag i th
on s c d p t y h l l d w ll wh ich m y g b ck ta n, e s e on a os a s s a e , a o a o

m ti it b t t h l t c p ti f m
.

en d i 4 on e n ver (su s es e s a o rru on o an or or

c t l ik t h c p d i g t t m t m g Cf P
.

en e e 39 ) = 7 u¢ 0fi
o rr e s on n s a e en
e s e vn av Ka
i T Z b ix 9
, . . . .

n . e . . .

I
IV 1 U t y ( Bb g A ) b y S T
n o
bl d fl li t i
ou
Of T Z b
a -

m it
. . .

r ou e an a c on e

i P c vii 3 9
.

x v
. . .

o
6 T D 8
.

an s
I
. . . . . .

I h d (b d g A S )a ve r ea f d a a e rea
3 B m mi i h d d m d f w
.

I h v k
. eco e n s e an a e e

A S )
w a e no n I
(
“
B d m d f w Cf
h l y w iti g
.

a rea s a e e

P c v ii 39
.

W it i g
. .

bg A r d n re a o r n

x 5 t
. .

s . . .

0f E h S T L n oc ee ev no e
H h ll b i g th m b k t Cf
w ick d
. . . . .

e s a r n e ac e c

i T Z b ix 7
. .
“

v
,
L wl a bd d es sn ess rea e
2 Ch 25
w ic k d
.

” r on . . . e . . .

n e ss, d f i
an th or e n e ss n e
4 Th y h l l g i f g t th L d
ne x t cl d l wl a u se r e a
Of T Z b i x 9
s
Th i
“
a
w d
e s s n e ss
. e s a a a n or e e or .

pp t ly f
.

2 3 Th v
-

p
e se
t y i th t d A ti c h
e rs e s
E pi
a a re n re e r
. . e . . . s re ne e

B b yl i c p ti v ity d t h p h
.

a os a s s a un er n o us

th l t M cc b
t
o th e a on a n a an e

R t
a ne s , o r e a er a a ees

5 Th c mp
.

e ur n h
i f th L d A a
mit
.

e o a s s on o e or
1
m
. .

2 Th lAS B t er e o o u co “ ”
b* °d
d th L d A th L d “
. .

p T D v 8
.

re a s e or e or
w it h c m p i Of T Z b ix 7
,
ar e . an . . ”
o a ss on e
D t xxv iii 48
. . . . . .

S y mi
e rve A m
o ur en e
w ki g ig h t es I eu
an or n r eou s n ess s
xv ii 4 ; N h i x 35 37
. . .

th i t h M i h f t h M cc b
.

J er . . e . .
-
.
s e e ss a o e a a ea n

B w d d w o ( y e ugbd i d f m i l y I f th i ch p t i fi t c t y
o n : ov xa r o eo e a s a er s rs e n ur

A) bg S d w h ¢ 6fi 6g th t h M i h i t b p g
rea o xa v a eo B C en e e ss a s o e s ru n

c v d w h ich i
.

f mJ d h
. .

”
y h ll b
e s a e o e re s a ro u a
c p ti f t h d i g tt t d by
,

I l v ii 1 9
.

o rr u on Th t o f f t e re a n a es e a a re a ar o e c s.
m c pti i f d i V — th i cti t h tti
. . .
,

A Th e sa V II I e orr u on s ou n n n s se on e a

t h LXX i 2 K i v 35 P lxix 1 0 t d t w d t h t ib f J ph i
. . .

e n . . s . . . u e o ar s e r e o ose s

a a
. d f d p pfi
e b re a
y th t f x t m h ti l it y P ibly it
o vua va o r ar o eo e,
“
e a o e re e os . oss
 N A P H T A LI—CH A P T E RS IV . z—V . 8 1
43

the Mo u n t o f O liv e s o n t h e e ast o f J e r u s a l e m th a t t h e su n , ,

a n d t h e m oo n w e r e st a n di n g still 2 A n d b e hold I sa a c t h e . .
,

fath e r o f m y fa th e r said t o u s : Ru n a n d lay h o ld o f th e m , ,

each o n e accordi n g t o his str en gth ; ra n d to h im that

se iz e t h the m will t h e s u n a n d m oo n b e l o n g l 3 A n d w e a ll . .

o f u s r a n tog e th e r a n d L e v i l a id h o ld o f t h e su n a n d J ud a h , ,

o u tstripp ed the o thers a n d sei z e d t h e m o on a n d th e y w e re ,

both of them li ft e d u p with th e m 4 A n d wh e n L e v i . .

b e ca m e as a su n r101 a c e rtai n yo u n g m a n gav e to h im , ,

tw e lv e bran ch e s o f p alm ; a n d J u d a h w a s bright a s t h e

m oo n a n d u n d e r th e ir fee t w e r e tw e l v e rays
, [5 A n d the . .

two Le v i a n d J u dah ra n a n d l a id hold of th e m ] 6 A n d

, , ,
.

lo a b u ll u p o n t h e e a rth with t w o gr e a t horn s a n d a n

, , ,

e a gle s wi n gs u p o n his back ; a n d w e w ish e d to s e i z e h im

’

bu t cou ld n o t 7 Bu t J os e p h c a m e a n d seiz e d h im a n d . .
, ,

asce n ded u p with h im o n high 8 A n d I s a w for I w a s . .

,

re fl ct J wi h h t d f S m i Th c d i cl
e s e s a re I th t T t m t o a ar a e e es s e a r er n a es a en

S m it cl i m d ( h ii ) w h il t L v i d J d h d t h
. .

a ar w wan s , as e ar e a a re , a e c s e an u a an e

g t t h t ib m i i g i f J ph b th
. .

f J ph ( B ’
t b l
o e on o e r e o ose er re a n n n ne o ose s ro ers

xl v i 1 3 J ph i i
.

ra bb 94 G
a on th en d m d ose se z e on e su n an o on an n ne

A t ix 1 4 3 x i 8 t J ph h ld l f b t fi lly
. . .

n s ars ose o s a oo u na

V 1 5 Th d t i l f th i v i i ( h iii ) m t g t b ll d id
. . .
, . .
,

-
e e a s o s s on c ou n s a re a u an r es

q it i t lligi bl Th i vi i it f f h — w h ich p ibl y

. . . .

a re u e un n e e s s on or o ur o u rs o ss

i f i t h l t H b T N ph y mb l i f m th
.

s d l
ou n a so n th 4 00 y e a e e a s o se e e a rs ro e

ii wh ich h w v th w b t l it tl cc p ti f C d iv i i
. . .

o e t
e r, th ro s u e o u a on o a n a an o e s on

l ig h t t xt O t x t m f t h k i gd m Fi lly m igh t y
.
, ,

on ou r e ur e s ee s o e n o s na a

w h ll y d i t i iii ) t h d t cti
. .

o g d sa rr a n m ( 1 2
e — s or a r ses e e s ru on

th th k i g d m
.

6 A S m it
.

1
l A i i ( ) v s on f th a d o o e n or e rn a n sou ern n o s,

A dd d t h t ib di p d th t
. . .

Still d w ll a w s an e a r an an e r es e re so s e r se a

tw d m i d t g th
.

o ar s tw no o re a ne o e er

2 3 Cf H b T N p h ii 2 4
-
It i t w th y t h t w h
e th i a -
s no e or a e re a s s

i t v i i i th i R bbi ic T t m t cl
. . . . . .
,

wh th
er e m d e su n , o on , an n ne s ars s on n s a n es a en ose s

a re m ti d Th i
en ym b l i m m yon ew it h t h C p ti vit y f I l d J d hs s o s a e a o s ra e an u a

b d w f m G t xt i 8 c i th hi t y
.
,

e ra 9n ro en x x x vu ou r e n ve r a rr e s e s or

ith ti f I l by
. . . .

2 S id ( A ) [3 8 a d d w
on t th d m 1
re a sa o n o e o in a on o sra e

4 Th i b c v i diff tly S y i B t th i v m y b
. . .

s o s ur e i
e r se s e r en r a u s e rs e a e an n

i H b T N p h ii 4 6 d p d t f gm t
. .

gi v en n e . . a . .
-
. e en en ra en .

Th i f t ( e r f bd A S eed 6 A b ll a a e h i g tw g t I
rea u av n o r ea

hi f t d icti gg t d b y
.

”
s ee h Th i or n s e on s su es e

t l ti f ll v D t xxx iii l 7
. .

5 Th e ra n s a on o ows 0 sa e eu

th t I h v mitt d fi ft i 55 Li k t h w i g
. . . .

’
a a e E gl owi g e f re a er o 1 0. a e s n s e e n s o a

A d L vi t k cc di g t H b T N ph iii 1
.

BA S d 1
re a d J d h :
“
n e an u a s or a or n o e a

ch th d l i d h l d f ch 7 B t ( A ) BS d f
. . . . .
,
1 “ ”
ra n t o ea o er a n a o o ea u a re a or

th I h v b ck t d t h v
. . .

“
o er G m
a d e i d ( ) ra {3 d g te e e e rs e as a e an se z e a re a s o

b vi d itt g p h y f d t k t k
. .

” ”
3 13 0 I “
an o ou s 3 h d o ASra o v er a ea an oo oo

8 Th i v
.

h v vd
. .
,

68 I t h H b T N ph t h n e we b a e co n s e r se , as e a e o se r e

f th i cti w ith w h t p b v ( t m t h v b
. . . . .

n ec ti on o s 6
se on a re a o e no e on us a e e en
1 44 T E ST A ME NTS o r T HE T W E LV E P A T R IA RCH S
there a n d b e hold a holy writi n g a ppe a re d to u s sayin g :
, ,

A ssyria n s Me d e s P e rsi a n s [Chal de a n s ] ,

Syria n s sh a ll
, , , ,

p ossess in cap ti v ity the tw e l ve tribes o f I sra e l .

V I A n d ag a i n a ft e r s e v e n days I saw o u r fa ther J acob

.
, ,

stan di n g by t h e se a o f J am n ia a n d w e we re with h im 2 , . .

A n d b e hold th e r e c a m e a shi p s a ili n g by witho u t sa ilors

, , ,

or p ilot ; a n d th e re was writt e n u p on t h e shi p Th e shi p of ,

J a cob 3 A n d o ur fa th e r s a ith to u s : Co m e l e t u s
. .

e m b a rk on ou r ship 4 A n d whe n w e h a d go n e on board . .

,

there aros e a v eh e m e n t storm a n d a m ighty t e m p e st of ,

wi n d ; a n d o u r fa th e r who was holdi n g t h e h e l m de p a rt e d , ,

f ro m u s 5 A n d w e b e i n g tost with the t e m p est w e r e

. .
, ,

w itt
r b f en R m i t v e ore d i th Md o N b p l e ( 62 5 605
n er
) en e n e e es a o o as s a r -
B C
ff i f P l ti i t h fi t c t y i v d d A y i d d t y d N i v h
. . .

a a rs o a es ne n e rs en ur n a e ss r a an e s ro e ne e
li t f c t i t w h ich N b p l d f m
.

B C Th e s o w Ch l d
ou n r e s o a o o a ssa r as a a ean , an ro

P l ti cc i v l y bj ct i th t tim Ch l d m t B byl i
. .

a es w ne as su ess e su e s a e a ea e an a on a

v y c pt If t h mi i f th
.

l
er o rru I p t i i ty ( b A S )e o df d s s on o e n ca v a e a rea

E gyp ti i it w ld t h c p ti v ity
. .

h g m y i g an e e on s en u n e ou e a

p i t t c m p ti v l y l y d t
.

o n o a o VI 1 A d
a ra f m
e e ar a e. n a e o

d m th
. . . .

Iw i D W S ’
I
F or th 7; 7 as p y ( )
er e
[SA 1 /n 1! na e Ke a s a rea on s

S p ctic ll y Bd S Th f m mm f
. .

I
a ) o ra finn S f J m i
a -
u ea o a n a e or or

xxv i 6) i f d i t h
. .

I
f)é i(+ by S ) d A
d e ( 2 Ch Ke 1ro v, 1 33 1 ro n s oun n e
p i t t di f t t x t d d (i J l m T l m d ( E y c Bib ii
. . . .

o n o a e re n e re a s n e ru sa e a u nc

di T h i cit y w it t d b t w
.

i p
. . .

”
fi i mi
lt e r f w w
v rr o rs,
“
2 32 7 or e e re n a ra se s as s ua e e e en

h m i w ith t h
. .

Th p l “ ”
e l w u ra Ek e d th ar o n se s e r on a n e sea

d t h t f ll w d th
.

w or s a m to W o 8 A S dd h i an e se se e o e
I
a
“
s so n s
i d ic t th t t h i w v i i w it d f ll f
.
,
.
,
“
n a e a 2 S ili g by
s as a EA dd s on n e sse a n a u o

f J c b If t h i i lt fi h w h ic h
. .

”
b y ll t h a e s on s o w o
a
plxw
o s s s o, sa s sa r
'
u Ta v, as

th i v d t D G t h pitd t
.

g t it p
, , ,

s t b l
e r se oes n o e on 5D 5D o s re s e n r a s er as o n e ou n‘n1 R .

c t xt A d m 6 c p t d itt g ph y f 5 5
.
,

fi
’ ‘
on e é rea s ai w n u r a orr u o ra o o n p
~
3 3 :

p b l q w h ic h i it p t c t x t é m o fi w t h p h wh ich f ll w
.

n s r e se n on e e ra se o o s.
'
n a a e o o, s va z r u,

w J ph i P di H m itti g t h i d ph
”
m I
e an s ,
“
sa i os e b n a ra se e re a n o n s a s ur ra se

Th i f c i c pt b t A pp t d t ly by t h c t x t
.

s, o ou r se , i s orru u on s su or e no on e on e

pp t d b y H b T N ph i v 2
, ,

t h wh le o e , su b t l or s u a so e a

Th l i t i A i A i tic f d p il t
. . . . . .

I
P il t ( Bf A S ) “
A y i ss r a ns. e s n s s a s o -
a r ea o s

d P th i i
. . .
,
” l
an ar P an s W w it t th hip ( A S )
e r s a ns, as r en on e s c

d E l mit A y i
.

hip w i c ib d “ ”
an a d G le s, hi8 d thss r an s , an a a
, re a e s as ns r e

ti A y i Md P i
.

” 1
an s S .
I “
3 Cm l t
ss r a ns, mb k ( ) BA S e es, e rs an s , . o e e us e ar a .

“ ”
Al l p h y li
o Ch lk i Ch ld d
e r oul t mb k a n s, a aea n s , re a e us e ar

Sy i th l i t
.
,

r an s A
”
v y 4 M ig h ty t mp t f w i d (
s e se f
s s ar e er e es o n a a e

c p t w h ll c fi tt ti t m p t f m i gh t y
. .

orru e s A ) a bd S d
on ne o ur a en on 6 f I
rea
“
a e es o

m i ly t t h v id c f t h G k w i d A m it cc di g t
, .

a n o e e en e o e re e n a bb" Cd
o a or n o

p i t d t xt
.

MSS r n e e

El m it
. .

P i 6 dd
er s a n s G l Dp t d f m
a s
“
( dobt a e s, e a e ar e ro us or ar a i

ch i
.

I
( Ch lk f ) Th Bn ) b d é gbn gA
“
an s e ae a n s , a e e a -
re a s rr r a r a t ,

c d d diti h w y f m
. .

se o n a m t b d qbi
on e re see s o e a rrr a r a i a a ro

d itt g p h y f Ch l d
o ra o Th H b T N p h v 1 a aea n sd 5y e e a re a s n n ~1

I h v b ck t d th i h i dd f m w h ich
. . . . .

[Ch ld ] a oe a ns w a e ra e e s as en ro

i t p l ti I f it i m i gh t xpl i c p ti f
.

na m e as an w n er o a on s e e a n as a o rr u on o

it h ld b t d b f
.

g i
en u n e s 5y ( m5v
ou ) 5ym =d¢ l
e m
r e s ore e o re 1r n 1
1 or n ~
1 ora c
1 46 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
last ti m es how ev erythi n g shall co m e to pass in I sra el 2 Do
,
. .

ye also r ther e fore 1 charge yo u r children that they be u n ited

, ,

to Le v i a n d to J u dah ;
F or throu gh th e m shall sa l v ation arise u n to I srael ,

A n d in the m shall J acob be bl e ssed .

For throu gh th e ir tribes shall God app e ar [dwellin g

am on g me n ] on e arth ,

To sa v e t h e race o f I sra e l ,

A n d to gather t o geth e r the righteo u s fro m a m on gst

the Ge n tile s .

4 I f ye work that which is good m y childre n

.
, ,

rBot h 1 m en a n d a n g e ls shall bless

yo u ;
A n d God shall be glorified am o n g t h e Ge n tiles through
you ,

Th t t h y b it d t L i
a d t h Ch i ti
e c ib w h c t t h p
e un e o ev an e r s an s r e o re as e re

J d h
u Th
a w d p v d i c di g v e se Y t th w d m y b
or s are re se r e n e n erse . e e or s a e
H b T N ph i 8 L vi i gi l
.

“
th e e O a n e or na

t T D v 10
. . .

d J d h
. . .

A d t g th b bd * e f
an u a se e n o e on (g A ) Bg an n o a er a
a -

d H w il l g th
. . . .

F ti g h t h m h ll
or l ti
l/rou d e s a s a va on re a an e a er .

A d i n th m h ll Jn b b bl ed G th th s ig h t a f m m g t th a co e esse a er e r eou s ro a on s e
th gh th m d i th m G til t x t c ld l b
.

” “ ”
F or
“
r ou Th e an n e en es e e ou a so e
t x t d th gh J d h
.

g th igh t ” “
th e e re a d d
s d “
th r ou f th u a an ren ere a er e r e ous o e

B t N ph t l i c t bid G til Th f m f t
“ ”
i h imn u wa ld a a nn o en es e or er ou re e r o
tt ch th m l v t L v i t h t ti f t h di p i cf
. .

hi s t s o ns o a a e se es o e e r e s ora on o e s e rs o n

d J d h if l v ti c m w h lly P c vi 4 7 c xl v ii 2 ; I l xvi 2 1 t
.

an u a sa a on o es o ss s e c

t h gh J d h B t cc di g t T Th l tt d i g c pp t d
. .
.
, . .
, .

ro u u a ld b
u a or n o e a er r en er n ou e su or e

Sim v ii l ; T L ii 1 1 ; T D b y ch p g
. .

1 E
e v. x 21 an su as sa es as n

v 4 ; T G d v iii 1 T J x i x 1 1 wh ich t t th t ll t h G til

. . . . . .
,
.

a os s a es a a e en es a re

l v ti p c d j i tly f m L v i t b c m igh t
,

xc 9 1 6
. . . . . .

sa a on ro e e s 1 E o n ro e o e o e r e o u s, o r n. -

d J d h v i c i T 1 8 30 wh ich t ch t h c v i
.
,

an M u a ore o e r, s n e n . ea es e on e rs on

th ch f t h G til
.
,

N ph ( f v 3 4
,

a i) o i th f v h d t as n e o er o su o e en es as a no

T t m t vi 5 1 2 pp d I l M v t h w h l
. .
.
, , ,

es a ( T R b
en s se e eu -
o o se sr ae ore o er , e o e

t ) wh L vi d J d h m t d c y f t h b k f v th i vi w
. . . .

no e en e an u a a re en en en o e oo a o u rs s e

d t g th L vi i gi v t T B j ix 2
.
,

ti on e o e th S er, e s en e e e n o e on en

p mi p iti 4 6 W ith v i w t igh t c itici m

.

lv
. . .

re er h d th os on a s ere , a n e sa a -
a e o a r r s

ti f I l i i d t p c d f m f th v t cl ly b v
.

on o s ra e w m
s sa o ro e e ro o e se e rse s e us o se o ser e

th m j i t l y (
e t
o n T R b vi th i l b t t ct
see no e V 4
on eu e r e a ora e s ru ur e e rse s

w c c l d th t t h b v c p l t d 6 i mil ly c t ct d ch
. . . .

5 e on u e a e a o e ou e an a re s ar o n s ru e ea
ith i t p l t d c t by l i f 6 f mi g t h tith i f
,

is e er n er o a e or re as a ne o ver or n e an es s o

Ch i ti w ith B c w hv cgi d
.

h
r s d I h v an ant 4 Wh a e, ou sse v er . e n on e e a e re o n se

m d t h l tt lt tiv th i f ct w t h c ity f j cti g

.
,
.

a ssu e e a er a e rn a e. s a e se e e n e e ss o re e n

3 F ( BA S) or m t h l t li i 4 q ti wh ich
a o e as ne n ve r a ues on

T xt h i t ib h ll t ti d c
. . . .
,
“
Th i t ib e r d r w es e re a s s r e, e s a re a n ue ourse

Ch i ti lt ti p c di g 4 If (B g A S ) if
.

l “
a r s S an a e ra on d ee re e n -
a a re a s
th f y l
. . .
,

no et . ere o r e , e a so .

G d pp o th t
a I l ea r My hild ( BA S )
on ea r m o sa ve sr a e c ren
I
(1 o

Cf T Sim v i 4 ; T Z b i x 8
. . .

B th ( Bg ) A m e o -
a o

C t t
. . . . . .

I h v
. . . .

[Dw ll i g m g m e ] n A d G d w il l b g l ifi d
a on en a e n o e or e on r a s
b ck t d th dditi t h th i d l i
. .

ra w d
e e f ese f or6 s a s an a on o e r ne o ve r . .
 N A PH T A LI—CH A P T E R V I I I . 2 8

An d the de v il shall fl e e fro m you ,

rA n d the wild b e a sts shall fe ar o

“

u l
y ,

A n d t h e Lord shall lo v e yo u ,

[A n d t h e a n gels sh a ll cl e a ve to you ] .

A s a m a n who h a s tra i n e d a child well is ke p t in ki n dly

r

re m em bra n ce
So a lso for a good work there is a good re m e m bra n ce
before God .

6 . Bu t h im who do e th n ot that which is good ,

rBo t h 1 a n gels a n d m e n shall c u rse

,

A n d God shall be disho n oured am on g the Ge n tiles

thro u gh h im ,

A n d t h e de v il shall m ake h im as his own p ecul iar

in stru m en t ,

A n d e v ery wild b e ast shall m a ster h im ,

A n d t h e L o rd shall h a t e h im .

7 . For the com m an d m e n ts of t h e law are twofo ld ,

r n d1
A thr o u gh p rude n ce m u st th e y be fu lfilled .

8 . F or th e re is a se a s o n for a m a n to em brace his wife ,

A n d a seaso n to abstai n there fro m fo r his p rayer .

A nd th e L or d s h a ll
l ove y ou ( c g A n d th e w ild bea s ts , e t c A S1 om.
i i ii t t t fift i
.

S
A” C d 8 1 ) Th s l n e is or g n al h ou gh Co n ra s h l n e o f ve r 6
ti f ct t t 5 Th i v t f pl c h
. . .

w a n n g in a a b d f Th e a ha Aa h m s e r se s e e s ou o a e ere .

it t i p t t ic t v t h t x t i c pt Th
. .

o m s h e m is n ot m o r a n s n e h e re M ore o er, e e s orru e

t t
is a l arg e l oss in h e s e MSS h e re h ro u gh b v d i g i tt i d b y m d i g
,

a o e re n er n s a a ne e en n

h mt ic t p c i
Now , s n e a ga in s t h e re e d n g é Bpégb i t é fl pétb
K t k i g di
ec n o K a s, or a n v as

i ti v tit tic
.

’
fi ve l n e s o f h s e rs e a r e se t an he éa w
tt t fi t
.

I
(a
f A ) b d g S r e a d f or a s
“
s a e m e n s in t h e rs fi ve lin e s o f v er As a e

t ct t icv
. . .

1
6, t h e sa me s r u u r e m u s b e d s o e r 6 Bot h ( a a ef ) Ba ef A 8 om -

c i i t v
. . .

a bl e in t h e l os ng l n e s o f b o h e r se s A n g el s a n d men ( a a d g A ) b ef Sl
c it
. . .

Hen e , a s v e r 6 e n ds w h t h e w or ds re a d me n a n d a n ge ls

t
. .

”
a n d t h e Lor d sh a ll h a e h im , v er 4 A n d G od s h a ll be dish on ou red a m on g
t it v
.

m u s e n d w h a n d t h e Lord s h a ll l o e t h e G en t il es t h roug h h im ( Bd A SI ) a -

cc i t j ct
.

”
h im A ord n gl y w e m u s r e e t he om
t tf
. .

“
w ord s h a o ll o w , a n d t h e a n g e l s sh a ll 7 The la w ( a B) A re a ds the
c v t it i
. .

l e a e u n o y ou a s a n n r u s on Bu t Lo rd
it p i xp i ii cc ti
. .

is oss bl e a l so t o e la n t h e or g n 8 Cf E l e s iii 5 “ A me t o
ti it i c ti f i f
. . . .

o f h s n r u s on A n d t h e a n ge l s s h all e m b ra e , a n d a me t o r e ra n rom
c v t ci t xt St
.

l e a e u n o y o u = ( n n5m o r ) 03 3 5
”
‘
0} e m bra ng O ur e w a s u se d b y
c p t itt p v ii f
. .

03 1mm a orru d ogr a h y o f D n5 m ‘

Pa u l in 1 Co r 5 De ra u d y e n ot
“

t x c p t it c t
. .

v
na nnw z an d t h e Lor d sh a l l l o e y o u o n e t h e o h e r, e e b e by o n se n
t t
.

Th e d evil sh a ll fl ee , e t c Con ra s t h e f or a s ea son tha t ye ma y g ive y ou rselves

f t i iv
.

o ur h l ne o f ver 6 J . Cf . a m es . 7 . . u n to p r a y er .
I 4S T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V PA T R IA RCH S
9 . Sothe n there are two co mma n dm e n ts a n d un le ss they
, , ,

be d on e in due order th e y bri n g rv e ry gre a t 1 s in ru p on m e n ]

,
.

So also is it with t h e other co mm a n d m e n ts 1 0 Be ye . .

there fo r e wise in God rm y childre n 1 a n d pru de n t u n der

, , ,

s ta n di n g the ord e r of His co m m a n d m e n ts a n d the laws o f ,

e very word that the Lord m a y lo v e you

, .

I X A n d wh e n h e had charge d the m with m a n y s u ch

.

words h e e x horted th e m that th e y shou ld rem o ve his bon es

,

to Hebro n a n d th a t they should b ury h im with his fath e rs

,
.

2 A n d whe n he had eate n a n d dr u n ke n with a m erry

.

heart he co ve red h is face a n d di e d 3 A n d his son s did

,
. .

accordin g to all that Na ph t a li th e ir father had comma n de d

the m .

9 The r e a r e t w o comma n d me n ts
. 10 . My ch il d ren ( ) a .
BA SI
cm .

) 0 cf re a d t h e t w o ( c o m
I
6
( gd A S . .

m an d me n t s ) o f G o d a re .
U n d ers t a n d i n g A 8 1)
”
Very g r ea t s in up on men ( a ) AS I “ 9 re a d $ 9 9 111 8
”
B .

“
rea d s in .
1 50 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
yo u n g he fe ll sick by reaso n of t h e h e a t
, 5 A n d he . .

ret u rn ed to He bro n to o u r fa ther who m ad e him l ie down ,

n ear him b e c a u se he lo v e d h im greatly

, 6 An d J ose p h . .

told o ur fath e r that the son s of rZilpa h a n d1 Bilhah we re

sl yi n g the best o the oc a n d e ati n g them again st the
a r f fl k 1

judg m e n t of Reube n a n d J u d a h 7 For h e saw that I had

'
. .

de li vered a la m b o ut of t h e m o uth o f t h e bear a n d p u t the ,

bear to death ; but had slai n the lam b b e i n g grie ve d c on ,

cern i n g it that it could n o t li v e a n d th a t we had e ate n ,

it 8 A n d re gardin g this m a tter I was wroth with J ose p h

. .

Tu n til the day th a t h e w a s sold 9 A n d the s p irit of . .

hatre d was in m e] a n d I wished n ot e ither to h e ar o f ,

J ose p h with the ea rs or to see him with the e yes becaus e , ,

h e reb u k e d u s to o u r fa ces sa yin g1 that w e were eati n g o f

r

t h e fl o ck witho u t J udah For whatsoe ver thin gs he told .

o u r father he belie v e d h im ,
.

I I I co n fe ss n o w my sin m y childr e n that o fte n ti m e s

.
, ,

I wish e d to kill h im beca u s e I hat e d him fr o m m y h e art , .

2 Mor e o ve r I h a t e d him yet m or e for his dre a m s ; a n d I

.
,

wished to lick h im out of the la n d of the l iv i n g e v e n as a n ,

o x lick e th u p the grass of the field .

1
h im with t he eyes ( oth e 6L
’

( vé o s S ) BA
‘
You n g re a d
-

—
a e a rs , or s ee
ic t
.

” ’ ’
r pv¢ e p6s, Th e l a t t e r z o0a h y d m( de fy r ot! I a)
’ ‘

d el a e. zj cucofis o dr e 5i 6g
'

y
it J it
. .

S
,

t he f m yg O i cl l y
or er a . ne s e ar a B re a d e h er t o s e e w h m y e ye s .

c pti f t h th or t o h e ar him ( 63 oucofis) ’ He re w e

’

t ft
.

orr u

5 O f th ( Bb)
on o
bA S d
pp e o er .

1 mu s s u l y oucozfie w a er 6L ax ofis a s
’

h i f th
. ur a
” v er
t a.
ti ~
. re a
I h a e d on e in m y ra n sl a on in

G
s

t ly ( A )
a

B m
er
cc
.

c t p t a or d a n e wi h A Th e hr a se h en
i
.

rea
6 A cc d i g t T g P J
a .

x v o .

Duns : m a r/ 5 a s in Ps l 2 ; J ob
iii t i
.

xxv
.

or n o ar s -
on on
O h er w se 68 dxofis =v a
xxxvii 2 J ph p t d t h t
. . .

22
.

G
. .

en ose re or e a

f Bil h h d Zil p h w c p t f gim y fi w

. .

l ’

th e son s o a an a er e orr u or r : ouco z e .

ea ti g fl h t f m t h l i vi g i m l
n es B ou ( d A )ro
B d A w e n
1
an a . eca u s e
“ ”
a bc .
- a def 81
O f th ( B )ur aAS d hi
er d d a. -
a a re a s re a an

f th
. .

BA S m
[S y i g ( ) ] I
a er . a n a . o .

I 1 “
0f t he fl ock ( a ) BA S c m . . F or ( a ) Bd A S re a d a n d .
-
.

1
I I 1 Fr om my he a r t ( é x (t uxiys
‘

R eu ben a n d J ud a h ( a A ) 8
B rea d
tv
. . .

Ju d a h a n d Re u b en a A)
I
a d ‘
Bg S re é ws ipvxfi“s, w h a e er
-

t t t
. . .

7 W e ha d ea t en it b A h a dd an d ha m ay me a n b g A a dd a n d h e re
t ft i
. . .

he ol d ou r h is Ab ) a h er w e re n ot in a n y w se in m e b o w e l s o f
t i i iti c t
.

S o m e wh a s m l ar ad d on s a re m a d e m er y o w a rds h im
”

i
.

h 2 O f T Da n 7
* 2
in d A an d S
—
.

t pt
. . . . .

1 I
8 Sold “
BS a d d u n o E gy i
To lick ( é x h e Ea L a b ef S ) Th e
i pc i t
. .

xp
. .

9 E ith er t o h ea r of J osep h wit h t h e

. e re ss o n is e u l ar, bu t our a u h or
 GAD —CH A P T E RS I 5 Il
.
-
.
5 1 51

1
a. 3
: A s
J u da h sold h im
3 . An d 3 Th e r e fore I a n d Si m e o n
.

secretly to t h e I sh m a e lite s . sold to the I sh m aelit e s

h im
for thirty p i e c e s o f gold a n d
[ ,

t e n o f th e m we hid an d ,

showed the twen ty to ou r

br e thr e n ] .

4 An d thus throu gh.

co v eto u sn ess w e w e re be n t
o n sl a yi n g h im .

5 Th u s
the God o f o ur
. 5 A n d t h e God of m y .

fa th e rs d e li v e red h im fro m fa thers d e liv e red him from

o ur h a n ds t h a t w e sho u ld m y h a n ds that I sho u ld
‘

, ,

w a s m o d e ll i g h i t xt N m xx ii 4 n s e on u b y a Ch r s a n s r b e i ti
Th s s a e men ci i tt t
N w h ll th i m l tit d l ic k f
. . . .

‘
o s a p s u u e u is o u n d a l so in A m br ose De J os 11 1 .

( 5) ll th t i d b t ti x iii icti
. .

13 n ‘
a tha s r o un a ou u s, a s e A u gu s n e , Sermo 2 ( Be n e d ne

l ic k t h f t h fi ld v
.

”
ox p th g e u e ra s s o e e e d:

th h d t h d i g f d A
. .

O th n e o er an e re a n o 3 Simeon ( Bb A Sg) 0 a
1
re a d -

bl tt d i v y tt t xt ivi
. .

éé h ip a
‘

e i at t o e ou
”
s er a rae Juda O ur e is d de d a s t o
ti v e,d f th i
an di g w o m i gh t s rea n e t c c
t h e a gen s on ern e d in t h e s a l e o f

re g d é h it
ar i d é dkl gl
x e
‘

i g ai n a an x
‘

ar n J pose h cc i it
A or d n g t o 0 a 1 h e r e is
c pti i gh t t h
.

as orr u If d A on s a re r e J u d ah : so a l so in T Sim n 9,
c pti h ig c l d b xpl i d cc i
. . . .
,
'

w h e re a s a or d n g t o Bb A S2 h e r e ( a n d
‘

orr u on ex e ac ou e e a ne -

as d t ueé X tx i t h ox t cl K e eL n e ne a u se , T Ze b 111 it S i is m e on ( a n d G a d a n d
t N m xx ii 4 t
. . .

as w ll e as o u s ix o h e r s ) A n d y e t a ga in in T Sim
i v Si i cif
.

v
. . . . .

0f t h fi l d ( ) S el N m
e a o a so u 2 m e on is s a d t o h a e h a d t h e h e
xx ii 4 d f m t h th p t tt
. . .

I ”
d re a
“
ro e e ar ar in t h e m a e r I n G en x x x vn 2 6
th it J t
. .
, . . .

ef gA th on e ear is u d a h w h o s u gge s e d t h e s a l e o f

th v
.

3 5 I -
in t b ese e r ses a s o e J pose h

f ll w d Th t x t f BA S i
. .

1
o o e 3 e e o n v er F or th ir ty p ieces of g old , e t c For
t ll v t pp t w it p t c ti t i c
. . .

a a e en s a e ars o o e s re sen t h e g rou n d s for br a k e n g h s l a u se

f m t Ch i ti c ib f it t t
or o a r s an s r e or s s a e i ti i t p ti t
a s a Ch r s an n e r o l a on s e e no e on

m t th t J
en ph w l d f t h i t y
a o se as so or r 3 5 -

p i c f g ld i pp d t G A cc d i g t G
.

e es o o s o os e o en 0f g l d o or n o en x x x vu

i t w ty pi c w il v
. . . .

x x xvu 28 d ll t h v anf d a e ers on s o an 28 t h e en e es e re s er

th t p g w ll t m g t V i
. .

I g m
‘
ar u s on a as s a e as e as o Al on e th a d on s e ers ons an

J p h A t ii 3 3 t h B k f
o se us , n e oo o T g m t h LXX
ar u p t th m ts e re re s e n s e o

d ll k w J w i h th l tt
. .
,

J h
.

as a r, a n a no n e s au or b e f g ld oTh m y b th
o e a er a e e

iti Th xpl ti f t h p c l i c f th t t m t i t xt
.

es e e an a on o e e u ar s ou r e o e s a e en n ou r e

t xt f BA S i t d iffic lt J ph
. .

e o
1
s no u os e W e w er e f u lly ben t ( é rrl m
4 po qfiopn
m t ly h v t k by t h —
. .

l “
us b
e ar a e e en a en e Ona e V Bb g s ) b y A re ad -
I w as
Ch i ti Ch ch ty p f Ch i t f t
.

r s an ur as a e o r s b en
u ll y Th e h ra se is d ifli c u l t p
th i V i w w c d pt d v p t t t
. . .

Wh en s e as on e a o e I t ma y b e a d e e l o m en of h a in
th w ld h v b t d cy t cc viii
,

er e ou a e een a en en o E les 1 1 , mwy 5 : 15 8 5 0 O ur

i mil t c t i t t d i g f ct t xt t
.

v
. .

a ss a e er a n o u s an n a s e w ou l d h en h a e b e e n 11 1 -15 133 5 c
t i
.

in th hi t y f J e p h d Ch i t
s or o ose an r s
“
w e w e re be n on sl a y n g h im .

H c xpl i th ch g f p f cti v
.

en w e e e a n e an e o Pe rh a s 13x 50 is d e e e for

tw t y i t th i t y
en th i t
”
n o
“
r
”
or e n ro 5 D el iver ed him Of T Sim . . .

d cti f th i ttm tit t xt

. .
,

u on o s s a e en n o our e 11 . 8 .
 1 52 T E STA ME NTS -
O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
n ot work gr eat lawlessn ess n ot work lawless n ess in
in I srael I srael
. .

I I I An d n o w m y childre n heark e n to t h e words of

.
, ,

truth to work right e o u sn ess a n d all t h e law o f t h e Most ,

High a n d go n o t astr a y thro u gh t h e s p irit of h a tred for it

, ,

is e vil in all the doi n gs of m e n 2 W hatsoe ver a m a n . .

doeth the hater abom in ates h im : a n d thou gh a m a n worke th

the law of the Lord b e p raise th h im n o t ; thou gh a m a n ,

fe areth the Lord a n d taketh p le asure in that which is ,

righteo u s he lo veth him n ot 3 He disp ra ise t h t h e tru th

, . .
,

b e e n v ieth h im th a t p ros p ers he w e l com e t h e v il s p e aki n g ,

-

he lo v eth arroga n ce for hatred blin deth his soul as I +also , ,

oo k e d l o n J o s e p h
rt h e n 1 l ‘ ‘

I V Be war e ther e fore m y childr e n of hatred ; for it

.
, , ,

work e th lawl e ss n e ss re ve n 1 again st t h e Lord Hi m s e lf 2 . .

For it will n ot hear rt h e words o f 1 His co mman d m e n ts co n

cern in g t h e lo vi n g of on e s n e ighbou r ra n d1 it sin n eth a gain st ’
,

God 3 rFor if a brother stum bl e 1 it d e lighteth imm e di

. .
,

ately to proclai m it to a ll m e n a n d is u rge n t that he sho u ld ,

III 1 My child r en (Ba -

A S) a a H im t ha t p r osp er s Th e w o r d i s
ic t
. . . .

om Ka r opdo fiv r c, w h h I a k e t o b e a re n d e r
I it l f it c l d g b c k
.

“
W or d s c g re a d w o rd 1
in g of n n se ou o a

p igh t b t t h t x t f v
.

S
.

“ ”
Go n ot a s tr a y (”a Bb A ) -
b re a d to at
y; u r , u e e a o u rs

t
.

n ot t o go a s ra y f m .
the or er vi w e .

W h a ts oever th e h a t er a bom in a t es
B li d t h ( d f b g A S d n e a. e rea
bl i d d
'
h im ( mi ll 6 é du r ocfi, 6 ,u w ci w Bde h ba
'

—
o er a c S i t xt q t
Bf g ) Th s e s u a re s b e s
-

'th
n e .

it c t xt t t
. '

A I l l kd J p h s a so en I oo e on os e
w h t h e o n e , h o u gh l e ss s ron gl y
A S mit t F th
.

tt t t ic tv B
“
h l k d o en ur er ,
“
oo e
e s e d h an a , w h h re a ds w h a e er
i ht
.

a ”
t t h dl y b b
’ ‘
”
g y on can ar e r c s Koc '
co
t he h a er doe h , is a b o m in abl e
w h ic h
.

éB m m
’
h é e rro v u 3 e at: 1
1 1: ‘
3,
a 6 6 1! 1m m
( B d eh h vm bu 40 7 1 1 .4 : 6 1
c pt f
'

' m y b
dé h vy a oc éa r c ( Bdel c r c lu
m a e orru or :1 u: ’
nx '
3,
u w w v, B
' '
0
A it bl i d d m
,

b * cdef
A s a vr cg is l i g d t s e a so
601cc ? A g
) a vr cg n e n re ar o

it i t J ph
.

h e re a n n ru s on , A a gre e s wi h a .
o se .

1 I
A n d t h oug h a m a n ( a A ) BS re a d
I V 1 VV k th l w l ( b gS) or e a es sn es s a e .

t c
. . . .

2
h ou gh h e d f A d t b l w a e re a au ses on e o e a

t
.

Th oug h a ma n (c A ) O h e r MSS
l e ss

t
. . .

h o u gh
( ) BA S mit
r 1 1
E ven a o
c pt
.
. .

He p r a iset h h im n ot A is orru
3 b th t mbl S r
e1
p i F f ( B ) or i a ro er s u

A mit b t w Cf G l v i 1
. .

a l l m en ra se h im
gl y
vt
.

a o u r on a
He l ove t h h im n ot
. . .
, . .

A wh o l o e h
D lig h t th ( fléh —BA
ch
.

d e e ec 0. r e a s
t
h t
no su “
m
’
d g 0é)
'

o rr o v oc ec a s ens . \e c a
3 E i th im t h t p
hnv e p C a y r os er s on

t t 1 C x iii 4 L v v i th t
. .

ddg ” ’

ra s or . . o e en e no .
a rrov ec : Is n’ .
1 54 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
rk in dl e t h 1
wr a th a n d rs t irre t h l u p war a n d v iole n ce a n d a ll , ,

co v eto u sn e ss ; it fi l le t h the heart with e vi l s a n d de v ilish

p o ison 2 Thes e thin gs rth e refor e I sa y to you fro m e x
. .
,
]
,

pe rie n ce m y childre n that ye m a y dri v e forth hatre d which

, , ,

is of the dev il a n d cle a v e t o t h e lo ve o f God 3 Righte o u s ,

. .

n ess cast e th o u t hatred h u m ility d e stroyeth e n v y For h e , .

that is j u st a n d h u m ble is a sham e d to do what is u njust ,

Ib e in re p ro v ed n o t o f a n other 1 bu t of his o wn he a rt beca u s e

g , ,

the Lord l o oketh o n his i n clin ation 4 He s p e ak e th n ot . .

a gai n st a holy m a n b e caus e the fe ar of God o ve rcom eth ,

hatred 5 F or feari n g le st he sho u ld o ff e n d the Lord he will

. .
,

n o t do wro n g to a n m a n e v e n in tho u ght 6 Th e s e thi n gs

y ,
. .

I l e ar n t at last a fte r I had re p e n ted con c e r n i n g J os e p h , 7 . .

For true r e p e n tan ce a fte r a go dl y s ort [d e stroyeth ign oran ce ,

a n d] dri v eth away the d a rk n e ss a n d e n l i h t e n e t h t h e eyes

g , ,

a n d gi v eth k n owl e dge to t h e so u l a n d l e ad e t h t h e m i n d to ,

sal vation 8 A n d those thin gs which it hath n ot le arn t

. .

from m a n it k n oweth thro ugh re pe n ta n ce 9 For God ,

. .

Ki dl t h w t h
r
n d 6p yi7
e qq 2 7 qq
1
Th y
ra q i th h t a rea s ~
u s s . e re u re e ear
t w d l if t c f m
. .
, ,

é Kr apd H é pd
o o ec m y t m ly t h e re Kr a o o ec a : no e re e ou ar e o on or

c pt f m k i dl d t th D c l g
.

1 1 1 11 1 orru or n‘ n e o e e a o ue

BA 8 m it t h w d
. .

1
o 7 T e p t or ft g dly t ru e re en a n ce a er a o s or

BA S mit
. .

I
l d t h th mi d t ( i7
r 1
St i th p ( ) rre u a l ti o ea e e n o s a va on

c mit yap K
. .

E il v s o a O 6 dh nfiij
s u d
“
ar 6 V s er uo ca

Bb A m it
. .

2 Th f ( ) er e ore 65 17 2 d B bN a l. Cf
-
o 7 6 ca o ov G S

G d (c i d A )
. . .

1
th w ( i7 y ap
“
h Bd S d 2 C 10 F “
o g dl y re a e or vi i or o so rr o
-

K a 6 6 M n) k th p t c
. . .

L dor ar 6 1! a w or e re en a n e

t l v ti
.

3 E nv b A S b t th w f a e a d e f u n o sa a on u e s orr o o
y
h t d t h w ld w k t h d t h t
.

re a r a re It i e or or e ea s no e

w t h y th t t h i c t t f d th d
. .

F t h L d l k th
or t 1 S m
e or oo e e c a or a s on ras o ea an

l v ti f di t xt
.
,

xv i 7
.

l sa a on a re a so ou n n o ur e

li i v 7 W ith
. .

Hi i li ti s ( o 5 B bN nc m vna on T ca o ou so e ers e s ear er : se e

t xt w m igh t c mp Si i v 2 2
. .

l ”
Bd A S )
-
d hi l a rea s s s ou o ur e e o a re r

t
. . . .

4 H l y ( Bb S ) A o d 5 a l x b n do5
-
I
i x dp rea s r ue . 0 1 1 1! a o v a Ka cs

b m it Si c
. . . .

o s [D t y th ig d ] es r o e n or a n ce an n e

M t th i c l m itt d b y A p il t h
. .

I
G d ( Bb ) o bA S d c -
e i rea os s a u se s o e s o s e

High c f th b q t cl
. ,

b l d a an e o e su se u en a u se s an

ct ll y xp d i b t c b y
.

O m th h t d (
ver co ii 6 a l e i a re vi /( 7 s o: s a ua e r e ss e n su s an e

BA d l ié 6 ? d w ll th
0. re a th m I h v m itt d it
s o Ke di t b
V a 11 ,
“
e e e a e o e as a s ur

c p t f 5 i g gl
.

”
in h im : 1r/ e i n 1 11 1
or r u or 3 11 n oss

8 Th t x t f l l w B f A S v
.

w5= BA Sh
I
ns 1 e e o o s -
a sa e

th t f it k th th gh p t
.

5 W il l i “
t d w g no o r on eve n n a or no w e r ou re en

i x 2 Th c A d p t c k w th
.

th g h t
ou Cf T J os e se an e re a s re en a n e no e

w d gi v t h p i ci pl w h ich l i t d it h t h t th i
. . . . . . .

“
or s e d e r n t l e es a a re a s an a no earn s

th t f L d c mm d i t h f m m b t it k w th h w t c i v
e ro o o our or
’
s o an s n e ro an , u no e o o re e e

S mer th M
on t M tt v 2 1 t h w h h v th gh p t c
on e ou n : a . . ose o a e rou re en a n e .
”
 G A D— C H A P T E RS V . 2 —V I .
3 1 55

bro u ght u p o n m e a dis ease of the li ve r ; a n d h a d n o t t h e

p ra yers o f J acob m y fa th e r s u ccou r e d m e it had hardly ,

failed bu t m y s p irit had de parted 1 0 For by wh a t thi n gs . .

a ma n t ra n sgre sse t h by the s a m e also is b e p u n ished 1 1 ,

. .

Si n c e rt h e r e fore 1 m y li ve r was se t m ercilessly agai n st

, ,

J os e p h in m y liv e r too I s u ffe red m e rcile ssly a n d was

, ,

j udged for e l e ve n m o n ths for so lon g a ti me a s I h a d b ee n ,

an gry again st J os e ph .

V I A n d n ow m y childre n rI e x hort yo u 1 lo v e ye each

.
, , , .

o n e his brother a n d p ut away h a tr e d fro m yo u r h e arts , ,

lo ve on e an other in de e d a n d in word a n d in t h e i n clin a , ,

tion of the so u l 2 F or in the p re se n ce of m y fath e r I . .

s pa k e pe a ce ably to J ose p h ; a n d wh e n I had go n e ou t t h e ,

s p irit of h a tre d darke n e d m y m in d a n d stirr e d u p m y ,

sou l to sla y h im .

1
p a s

3 . Lo v e ye on e a n oth e r 3 . Lo ve ye th e re for e , , on e

9 Cf T Reu b i 7, iv 4 T J ud J ose ph BA S dd til h a

“
un e was
xi x
. . . . . . . . .

”
2 s old
it
. . .

0f J a cob ( BA ) a om s S VI 1
'
I
I ex h or t y ou
1
(a ) BA S
c it
. . . . .

Su cou r ed me ( éBo rj Ono a v a A) om

it
. .

2
Ba s o m L ove o n e a n o t h er ( a a ef S ) bd g
’
-
a re ads é c pda a a u Th e
tt if it t i t
. . .

l a e r, is m o r e h a n a m e re g u ess , I
A S re a d
“
l ov n g o n e a n o h e r
ic c pti
.

u m, w h h m a y b e a o rru on I n t he i n clin a t ion of th e sou l Of 1

t xt i p i xx i x
. .

o f m y, t h e e m l e d by a A, or of Ch ro n 18
ic v c ct
. . .

“
wh h we ha e on j e u re d t o b e 2 31 y ( a d A ) B d re a c ou r -

ii
.

p p
. .

t h e o r g n a l in t h e a ra ll e l assa ge in Bu t w h en I ha d g on e ou t

T Ju d xi x t
2 (n o e ) ( a Bd A - ad g S)l
dA b re a d
“
bu t
iv f
. . . . .

1 0 Cf J ub
. 31 , 32 , w h e re t h e w h en h e A b ) h a d g on e o u t r o m
p i iti v t i ti c ft
. . .

r m e h u ma n l a w o f re a l a o n is p
t h e re s en e o f o u r
”
m y A b ) a h er
ci t i c t t
.

en un a ed v pp
Th s w a s a e ry o ula r 3 7 Th e se e rs e s o n a in t h e m o s v
ct c c t t j ct tt
. .

d o r in e o f t h e s e on d en u ry B C Of re ma rk a bl e s a e m en on t h e su b e of

v xv c c t f iv ci t it t
. . .

2 Ma c e 1 0, 32 , 33 w h e re o n re e o rg e n e ss in a ll an e n l e ra u r e
i t ti i ti t f i i t
. . . .

l l u s ra ons o f t h e w ork n g o f h s l a w Th e y sh o w a m o s w o n d e r ul n s gh
a re giv en c
Ta k en ra ssl y a n d m e c h a ni it t p c
n o t h e r ue q ti
sy h o l og y o f t h e u es on

c it t t cq i t it
. .

v
a l l y , t h e a b o e l a w is w h ou fo u n d a Th a o u r Lo r d w a s a u a n ed w h
ti on but p i it
s r u a ll yc c i v it
on e ed t t t t c i p pp
h e m a n d h a His e a h n g re s u ose s

p t p f t t
r e re s e n s t h e ci t
ro o un d ru h e n u n a ed t tif f
h e m w e m us n er f ct t t
ro m t h e a ha
in t h e NT in G a l vi t v
7 w h a so e e r a p p f ct t
t h e a ra l l e l is so e r e t in h o u gh a n d
t t t c icti t t
. . .

m an s o w e h h a sh a ll h e a l s o re a p ”
so l o s e in d on b e w e e n h e m a nd
Co l iii 2 5 “ h e t t ha td oe h w r on g Lu k e xvii tt xviii
3 ; Ma 15 Th e
c iv i t t i f iv t c
. . . . . .

s h a l l re e e a ga n t h e w r o n g ha he m e an n g o f org e n ess in b o h a se s is
t
h a h done
”
i t t
t h e h g h e s a n d n o bl e s k n o w n t o u s
S it t i
.

A lso ( BA ) a om s n a me l y the r e s or n g t he o ff e n d er

c i it ic
. .

1 1 E leven mon th s ( BA ) S a r e a ds t o o m mu n o n w h u s , w h h h e h a d
p i f f it t ff c i
. .

t en e r o d s ( p uc us ) . or e e d h ro u gh h is o e n e Th s is .
1 56 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA R CH S
fro m heart ; a n d if a
t he a n oth e r from t h e heart a n d
m a n s in a gai n st the e s p eak ,
if a m a n sin agai n st thee ,

p e a ceably to h im a n d in thy '

,
cast f orth t h e p oison of h a te
s o u l hold n o t g u ile a n d if a n d s p e ak p e aceably to h im ,

he re p e n t a n d co n fess forgi v e ,
a n d in thy so u l hold n o t
him . g u ile ; a n d if he con fess a n d
re p e n t forgi v e him , .

4 . Bu t if he de n y it do ,
n ot
g e t i n to a p a ssio n with h im ,

'
ik e wis e t h e e sse n e o f d ne iv i f i v
org e c v i v
I t w l l b e o b s er e d in t h e a b o e in
n e ss — ’
t ti
G o d s re s or a on o f t h e s n n e r t oi ti p t t v
t e r p re t a t ion o f h s a ss a g e h a w e h a e
it
o mmu n ion w h Him — a c
o mm u n on i om itt f c it
e d a l l re e re n e t o v er 5, w h t h e

f ic i x c p ti tc ic
.

ro m w h h h is sin h a d b a n s h e d h im e e on of t h e l a s l a u se , w h h w e
t t t it h v i c p tdi Th i v
.

Bu t o u r a u h or sh o w s h a is n o t a e 4 n or or a e n ver s e r se

ibl f t h fi d d m t f m di t bi g l m t i t h t xt
. .

a lw y p a s o ss e or e o en e an o or s a s ur n e e en n e e

c mp ch p f ct l ti w ith x ci i
,

o ass su a er e re a on an d d n ee s e s on

d y t th t t h ff d d
.

I
th ff d
e o en er , a n e a e o en e 3 Th f ( BA S ) m e r e or e a o

ff d m y t Cf M tt
.
, .

h w v
.

o th
e er e o en er a ac can If m i g i t th a an s n a a ns ee a

p cti f gi v xviii 1 5 ; L k xvii 3

, . . .

al w y a s ra i se l or en e ss n a re a u e

th gh l imit d
. . .

ou H e g t id se n se . e can e r Ca s t f or t h th e p oison of ha t e a n d
o f t h f li g f p e ee l w n g od e rs on a ro n an so ( éf p s 7
o l o a 6 V [or r 00 l v —
u co s B S ) A l

tk p igh t d ym p th tic c c i i
.

a e u a r an s a e a om A s m l a r l a u se re u r s in v er
ttit d t t h ff d Th i i t h it t i i
. .

a u e o e o en er s s e 5, w h ere m u s b e a r a s m l a r m e an
fi t d ti l d t y i ll t f f
.

rs an e s s en a u n a ru e or in g p v
Be o r e w e re r o e t h e m an w h o
ft ll th t m ij t
.

gi ven e ss It i s o en a a a an c a n h a s n u re d u s w e m u s g e t rid o f t h e
c mp t l y t h d i vi f f i t t ti
.

d pp p
'

o a ss : an a ar en e ne or e r son a l e e l n g o f r e se n m en , e l s e h s
g i h
v e n e ss l g l i masit ti —
an a o t ou s a on s a t
wr a h o f m a n i c
w ll a w a k e su h a
a ll v t w ith i t h
e en s ph f t h p t n e s e re o e r es e n j i t p f ic
a rr n g n o e in o ur re roo a s t o n e n s e

l if e Th bj ct i t t d f ll w
e su e s re a e as o o s. f t
t h e o ff en d e r u r h e r
fi t f ll t
. .

If m a g an a n
y y e rs ou , ou a r e rs o a o Sp ea k p ea cea bly t o h im ( 015w 1m:
g t id f t h f l i g f
e r o etm t d ee n o re se n en an t f t
i e a b ou h is a u l tt xv iii
Cf Ma 15
th t p k g tly t h im b t hi S f t
. . . . . .

en o s ea en o a ou s h o w h im h is a u l ( t h ey/ So u a br bv )
o ff c If h dmit h i ff c d
en e e a s o en e an t
b e w e en t h e e a n d h im a l o n e Th e
p ty f gi v h im ( p q i p iv c
.

p
.

re en t o u a re o or e ve r G os e l re u r e s r a y t o s are t h e

B t if t h ff d f t dm it h i f i t xt q i
.

’
u e o en e r re u se o a s o ff e n d e r s e e l n gs ou r e r e u r es

o ff c en th i e, th i g y m t
e re s on e n ou us p v i ft t
t h e re r o e r t o s e e t o h m s e l h a h e is
no t d y o : m t t l ou y us no ose ou r f f i t t
re e r o m e v l r e sen m e n

t mp w ith him l t h g t i f ct d
.

3 I
0 A 3) b
e er es e e n e e P ea ce a bl
y (B )A S r ea d
b d t mp d t k
,

p c w it
.

by y ou r a t e e r, an a e o ea Th m y h v h d
e e r er a a e a
c i g d y b c m g ilt y f i x 7 b f h im h p k th
.

u o a “
u rs n an so ou e o e J er e or e e s ea e
i —y b i dl d p c bly t h i ighb w ith h i
. .
,

d blou e s n w o ur o
g n un r e an er ea e a o s ne ou r s
an d hi gg v t d g i l t (
s a ra I
a e u ver n m th b t i h i h
ou t h l y th w it u n s ear e a e a
c h c th f y m t c
.

”
su a a se , e r e ore , ou us e a se f or h im
f m f th p f ; f
.

ro ur er f tw
re roo s or on e o o If h e r ep en t , f org ive him ( say
th i g w ill t k p l c Th ff d
n s a e a e e o en er buoh o'yfio a s ,u er a vorj o y d gbe s a br cfi) Cf
p v d v th gh h
.

xv ii
. .

wh h i
en e s re ro e e en ou e Lu k e 3 eat! ,u e r a vorj o y d at e s a br cg
"

y h i g i l t w i ll f l
, . .

d f a'
b b i‘c d e 3 1
en s u ee a se n se o C nf
o e s s a n d r ep en t (B a d A S )
h w i ll f m
-
,

p t c f
.

s h m a e , or t I th
e no n e or er a re a d s
“
r e en an d on e ss
c ( 6 ) h m y p t d ft
.
.

a se ve r e a re en an a er 4 Do n ot g et in t o a p a ss ion wi th him
t p c w ith t h
.

i ti
.

w d b I th
ar s e a ea e ee n e
( pt/i] ¢ Lh oue txe c) Th s is t h e on e h n g
l tt 7) h w i ll p i t i hi
.

t t ff
.

a ( er v er e e rs s n s h a t h e o e n d e d m an is n o t t o d o It
g d i g d m t b l ft t
.

f t t
.

w r on -
o n an th us e e o e on l y l e a d s t o u r h e r s in b o h in h im
v g c fG d
en ean e o o .
9 a n d in t h e o ff e n d e r .
1 58 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
l e ss a n d pe rsist e t h in his wro n g doin g e v e n so forgiv e h im -
,

from the h e art a n d le ave I to God t h e a v e n gi n g , .

V I I I f a m a n p rosp e reth m ore tha n yo u do n o t be

.
,

v e x ed bu t pray a lso for him 1 th a t h e m a y ha ve p erfect

, ,

prosp erity F or so it is e xp e die n t for yo u 2 A n d if he

. . .

be fu rth e r e x a lted be n ot e n v io u s ro f h iml re m em berin g , ,

that all flesh shall die ; a n d offer p rais e to God who gi v eth ,

thi n gs good a n d p rofit a bl e to a ll m e n 3 Se e k o u t the . .

j u dgm e n ts of the Lord a n d thy m i n d will re st a n d be at ,

p e a ce 4 An d tho u gh a m a n b e com e rich by e v il m ean s

. .
,

e v e n as Es a u the brother of m fath e r be n o t jealo u s ; rbu t 1

y , ,

wait for the e n d of t h e Lord 5 For if He t a k e th . .

away ( fro m a m a n ) we a lth gott e n by e v il m e an s He

7 F gi h im
or H f gi v
ve c pt f — h tp e re B t “
or e orru or [1 1 31 Ka r a e 1 ec u as

t t h f ll m i g f t ti
. . .

h as n o e u h l¢ ean n ff d d p ib l m o r e s ora on Ka r a 6 6c a or e no o ss e e an
t o c mm i w h ich it h i
o u n on 3 i g th g ti v w ly i astd n v e r.
n e ne a e as e ar n se r e
I t i g ifi i h m t f ll p
.

d th d iff tt gi v
, ,
s th bn es e an s en t th o a er an r ee er en u rn s en o e
so n a l tm t d i th p ctic ll y ph i d g i A d i S t
re s e n en an s us ra a ra s e n e n an n
I
no
q i v l t t t h ph c t f th
,

f w h ic h cc p t d Th
, , ,
“
e u a en o e b ra s e as or on e o c an e a e e us ,
th p i f h t if w w ld fi d t h f d m t l
.

e o so n o i 3 a e n ve r . .
e ou n e un a en a e rr or

d l yi g t h t xt w m t t
L i G d th r o Th
ea ve gi g o e a ven t n e un er n e e e us u rn o
m d ty i f c d i R m x ii 1 9 t h H b w
.

5 w hi c h
,
sa e u s e n or e h £¢ n o Ka r a
e e re 6 6c2 g ~3
56p yfi Cf D t xxx ii 35 i c
. .
.

56
A i h
6
1 6 7

d f cti v
7 01! 7

d c pt
‘

p t f
. . eu
w i ll
. . .

s o rr u or
s e re
t e an
c it q it p
o rr u
i
7
e e

i t c i
.

O f i bl re s o ur se
V II 1 7 H t h h s u e os s e
t h t c t
.

g
-
g e re , a a n, e ea n

th i f t h h igh t th ic l h vi
. .

h tgb h ld b b k d a Ka r a e ec s ou e ra e e as
f
o

c h ct A i t h c
o ur a u

f
or

m
s o
g i g i t d f m
e
d itt g p h y
es e a
a n or na e ro a o ra

wh h
a ra

oij d w as
er .

t b
n u re
s

l
i
us
n
H
i h l i mp l d d t h mi d w i ll b t
th b w d
e

e a re
t h t w
a se
h l
o
d
o

an s
a an

a
n e e re ,
an a e s ou

f li g f p
ee n s l o t m t i p c y B t t h t w vy b w p ibl
e r s on a r e se n en so n
s re a
“
an n e a

th c cc f l i v l w
,
ea e u e o er s e re oss
f t y
f J b iii 2 6
.

e a se o a su e ss u r a e a re o

b i h ll f l i g vy j l y
,

f pw C n u o

th
. . .

an s a ee n s o en or ea o u s

V 7 h dly b igh t i it p t f
.

4 B t (h B b s ) d . u -
a
l
0 rea s ere
e rse can ar e r n s r e se n

p iti l w t t h t xt ( M ) b f or e
“
or

ti
, .

os on u n e ss e r e s o re e e as
6p = pm
su gg t d i es e t n o ur n o e s
pp
E d
i t d
H .
t h m n . ere os 1
“
e e

1 M y
a o n e
h p f t p p it y
t t t i
.

( h l
.

b d fi
a

b d A S t h
a ve

h
5 Th x f
er ec
h v i v y l
r os er
e e o s e rse s er
d btf l
ws
.

re e eg o o g ra c e ou

c pt ) f d m y b
,
ou u
A i h
.

s ere orru a re a a e

p f ct d ( h bdy) if
.

F if ( 7 dp d g )
’
“
er e e
”
re e cc d or 6c 01. re a s
it
.
. ,
“
b g f h ( 3 ap) I
( f )
“
F or A so b g S a d f . y e re a or e or e er 1 .

so p hp er a s
”
W l th g t t by il m Th ea o en ev ea n s e
t x t d b ( A wh fi ) 6
. .

2 0f h im ( ) BA S m
’ ’

a o i e re a s a r ai o r ov V Ka Ko s
i th h p k f
. .

Al l t h V
. .

3 W ill t r es I 4 e e rs on s a re n ver ou r a u or as s o en o a
c pt g wi g ich b y v il m
. . .

h e re orr u d h dud m a rea s Ka r a ec an ro n

“
r e ea n s

H c 6
.

B (bf m ) (d D
’
-
a d re a s h td o h fi ) Ka r a e /a Ka Kc V n ovr o ec en e v

t lly m (g t ) by v il
. .

éy ‘
h l gh ) A
xa r a 3 éy
e h q wj y
ec t 01 K
’
xa r a ec ro Ira /c o s n a u ra e ans
“
o e
ch g f i gl l tt
,

N xt f t th
,

b t by m i
’
u a an e o a s n e e er : e an s e a irr a re ers o e
w lth cq i d H c I
.

h ll S my h t pn H 1 “
‘
éy '
xa r a e i e cs , Ka r a e x re ere ea so a u re en e as

i im p ibl I t m y b c p ti m th t t
. .

a s o ss e = > fi a ( A ) e a d i orru on su e a so s oo
p n 1r xo r ov n
it m y g b ck t
.

o f h tl
Ka r a e i xec, or th ig i l b t w c p t d i t t h
a o a o e or na , u as orr u e n o e
 GAD —CH A P T E R V II . I -
7 . I S9

fo rgi v e th if h e re p e n t bu t t h e u n re p e n tan t is re
him ,

s e r ve d for eter n al pu n ish m e n t 6 For t h e p o o r m a n . .

,

if fre e from e n v y h e p l e as e th t h e Lord in all thi n gs is ,

bl e sse d b e yo n d all m en beca u s e he hath n ot t h e tra v ail ,

of v a in m e n 7 Pu t away th e re fore j e a lo u sy fro m . .

, ,
y
e m i l d a

you r so u ls a n d lo v e o n e a n other with u pright n e ss o f ,

h e art .

V I I I Do ye also there for e t e ll th e se thi n gs to yo u r

.

su ffi x Th
[ 3us
j
= u p w b é
in S y mm c h -
ra c 1 151
5 a 1< a r s o r c, as a us

n k fi ) b c m
o r ov mm d/ p i
e a d e it i P li 3 Th LXX i
a o ” ci a c e r a c
‘

re n e rs n s x e n

pp th ith P v xxx i 2 8 i mpl y t h c v

. . .

a o é r W m t
v. e us su ose , en, e er ro e on e rse

c p ti x t cl g i v t h
. .

th t t h t l t f A f d h fi
a e ra n s a o r o Th ou n n o r ou o rru on e ne a u se es e

p m h ppi
.

i it m g i
’

i hi G
n s k MS ree g d f th
or n s ar n, or ro u n o e oo r an s a n e ss

h pp y ic b c
.

l t h t it w h pp y c j ct hi
H i t h e s
“
a no
“
r e a u se

i f f t i
,

v
,
e se a as a a on e ure on s

p t N x t h fi 6 K l ( th m
ar e , n
h
o r ou
m th
v aro :
l f
or ra er
e s re e ro e sor e ra a o

p t 51 w h ic h
.

en
6 K Ka mfi ) u re re se n s 1 10
ll m
g b
o es c k t P a v x iii 1 1 wo h t h
B y d
ro
ll t h i g
( d f A) n e re e
e on a en
”
a e
“
.

l th g tt
m g ll “
. .
,
d i re a n a n s or a on
M a ss d re a w s ea o en
a

m
b y v ity pp t d
.

en
B t i
.

an t u s no su or e
i m
V lg t Th il f ( 6
.

t p e r a va o va n en 7 !
1 7r€ t
LXX P h it t
by t h e es o,
— u a e, or

T g m Th
,
u o 6 i d d p d m w ) o rr a o u r 1 11 ua r a wu v
'

u a
P h it t d T g m
v i l t v il f m
.
,
ar u e es o an ar u
1 “
V lg t 5 3 d t h B AS d th
.

re a e e ra a o en
re a d 5y th
1
. 1 p, e u a e 3 , an
51 1 1 e
( o npo ao (
h ti l y g tt
n ou u
p T y n e co rr a o v 7 c
LXX
by v il m
i m ) p
.

ub
e .
i
“
f as
d v o en
ay n e co n a a s s ou n se en

ti i t h LXX f E cc l
.

e ea n s .
m d i ll es n e o es an n a

c d i g f
.
,

Th p h
I
B t (d A ) Bd S d “

m
u a -
rea or
a se s a s a re n er n o
. .
e r a se
Th d a
y .

b i f
e p t t u n re u en a n a re a s er a

j w (c pt f t h m i ti v
6
.

1 di ' '

y 1r6 1 0 7ra 0 s ou n n
p
1
3 a n 11 3 1/ n o u u
p
E cc l i 1 3 i v 8 v 1 3 Th p
v or r s o rr u or e no na e

i g l ) b fgS
s n u ar d au j g wh i f
e
f
I
v rea
t t h t v il
m
e r a uo r r c
es . .
, .
, . . e oor an

p t t d A giv t h f v i m m
.

“ y h ” o s re e ro en as n o e ra a
f th
pl l
or e u n re en an
th v i.

l t v il f m
e e
o a n en or e e ra a o en ,
w h ich i c d b y th i t p it
ur a

S p ctic ll y A
.

l s au s e e r re s e ss u rsu
I d ( )
f ic h Cf E cc l ii
s r eser ve a o ra a

w h ic h
.

26 T th o r es es o e
du bq 56 np i 9 bd f g
t h ti g db f h im G d gi v th
. . . .
' '
6r a v r oc r 6 0 6. e
m an a s oo e ore o e
S 1
d 7p ( f np j ) H “

i i t
,
re a
v
'
7 7 6 r raa e re

v th ” j y b t t th H g h o u o e s nn er e e

t v i t
,
se r e
l ( y
.

p p / b ) t g h ra a g z rre corrr a o a v o a er
U t l p i hm t (d A )
S i c f d l id
t
n o e er n a

éh
d t h p p t h t h
un s
m y gi v t
en
‘
.

an o ea u a e a e o
h im th t i g d b f
n e a re a
j f ? a s/ a s r rv K aow , ”
G d a s oo e ore o
b g 5 g) l ip bh
.

wua K
Th t x t
e 6 9 a r ! a o cv,

it ig t b tt t
m h b d e th fi l e
7
t
J l
er y o
th c l d t
r en
d er
t
e na
. ea ou s . e e r ea s a o o s,
,

cl a u se a sf ll w f t h o op t t h
s
d
b ly c
B t
c l d
or
d i q i iti
e u nr e en an
re a so n a
a re .

on
u o ur au or ou no

( u
d j g d j ) H u e a s u s on on
f j l w ith t h x t ti
e r a v or r c u or e r a vor r o cs e t e

ser v ( np l ) t h p i h m t f v
es r e
th i
e un s y
h t d
en
h or e er
” e s n o e a ou s e e or a on

t x t g b ck t J b xx i 30 t h H
.
”
p t w y th f “ u a a er e or e , a re e re
O
w h ich i c t
,
ur
p
.
e oes a o o e

v il m i v d t th d y f mp
.

e an
f s orr u or a
s rese r e o e a o

c l mit y
a a f fih Th c p ti m y b : os
'
e o rru on a e ex
l i d f m th i fl c
.

p p
.

6 F th p m
or if f ef m oor an f t h h r ee ro a ne ro e n u en e o e ra se

w y h t d f m y t
.

”
y ( 6 y ap t h
’
en v n éa d¢ 66 w ( h P 7r 6 u s v v s u a a a re ro ou r ear s,

) — d th m l dy i v i 1 I
) B AS
“
d¢ 6 0uo s a -
d re a e an a re a n . .

wh i p d f f m vy
.

o s o or a n Up ig h t re e
f h ro t S en t . r n es s o ea r ee no e on
iii 1
.

Pl th ( b p
ea s e —
fi ) B AS e daT I eo T a -
a
I
re a ss

gi v t h th
. . . . .

I bl s d
e k t
H th
ess e
an

t xt d m it l V s
III 1 A l o

e re
t h ef (
e
v t h t
e r ea s
.

“
. so er or e a , s a e
1
a c

Bd A S
“
d d o s a so
m y j wh ich i c p t f (A m ) d y l rea
.

’‘
-
an
n k o vr e c z y ,
s orru or o . o e a so .
1 60 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA RCH S
childr e n th a t th e y ho n o u r + J u d a h a n d Le v i l for fro m
, ,
‘ ‘

th e m shall t h e Lord raise u p salva tion to I srael [2 Fo r I . .

k n ow that at t h e l a st y o u r childre n shall d e part from

Him a n d sh a ll w a lk in a l l wicked n e ss a n d a fflictio n a n d
, ,

corr u p tio n b e for e t h e Lord ] 3 A n d wh e n he had rest e d . .

fo r a li ttl e whil e h e said agai n : My childre n ob e y yo u r , ,

fa ther a n d b u ry m e n e ar to m y fathers
,
4 An d he . .

dre w u p his fe e t a n d fe ll asle e p in p eace 5 A n d afte r , . .

fi v e y e a rs they carried h im u p to H e bro n a n d laid h im ,

with his fathers .

lJu d a h
'
Le vii W e s h o u ld
and
‘
in t h e y e a r 2 1 31 A H Now a s G a d s ’

t vi i
. .

J
.

u dah b on e s w e re b u r e d in Cana a n fiv e y e a rs
“
u n d ou b e d l y r e a d Le an d

f iv t
h ere , a s is ou n d u n e rs a l l y h ro u gh aft t
er his d e a h , t h e y e a r o f h is b u r a l i
iit t
t h e or g na l Te s a m e n s Se e T Re ub was t fh e re ore 2 2 61 A M , bu t ti h s
vi t t
. . . . .

5 1 2 n o e ; T Da n v 10 no e s h o ul d b e 2 2 63, a s w e s h a ll s e e
xx i p t t
. .

J
.

v
.

E en in T J u d 1 5 u dah de -
re s e n l y I f we ur n t o T Sim
c t t i t vi j x ii t t
. . . . . .

l are s h a h e is sub or d n a e t o Le V 111 2 ; T Be n 3 w e fin d h a

t pti c i
. . . . .

Th e o r d e r J
“
v
u d a h a n d Le i
”
is du e t o h e se a r a r h s w ere bu r e d in Ca naan
a Ch r s i ti c i it p t
a n s r b e or n er ol a o r Se e t
d ur in g a w a r b e w e e n E gy pt an d

j xi cc i tt
.

T Be n Ca n a a n A o rd n g t o t h e la e r
t t it i t
. . . .

Sh a l l t he L or d r a is e up s a lva tion Te s a m en w a s t h e n n e y fi rst y e a r -

u n t o you ( h i g A , s a ev t t h a g A om it a ft it
er I sra e l h a d g o n e d o w n pt
n o Eg y
“
t
u n o y ou a d ef re a d
“
sh a l l t h e t t j i c i
h a Be n a m n s b on e s w e re a rr e d u p
’

Lo r d t h e S via i
ou r a r se tun o itn o Cana a n Now a s I sra el w e n t
i it pt
.

b S “
sh a ll t h e Lord ra se up a d o w n n o E gy in t h e y e ar 2 1 72 A M
S vi j i i
.

v
.

a o u r, 0
“
s h a ll t h e Lo r d , sal a ( se e J u b x l v B en a m n w a s b u r e d
ti i t i ti
. .

on , a r se u n o u s Th e Ch r s a n in Ca na a n in t h e y e ar 2 2 63 A M Th u s
ifl c vi t t
. . .

n u e n e is ob S
o u s in b 2 2 6 3 A M is t h e d a e o f t h e wa r b e w e e n
c t c t pt t i ct
. . .

2 Br a k e e d a s a l s t en B C E gy a n d Ca n a a n , a n d as h s a u a ll y

i ti
. .

iti
.

J
.

a dd on is t h e y e ar a ss gn e d t o h s w ar in uh
vi x vi c c t tt
. .

I kn ow Here as in T I ss 1 l 9 , w e m a y on lu de h a h e re is
t t xt
. . . . .

T A ss v ii 2 o u r a u h o r d o e s n o t s o m e e rr o r in t h e e as t o t h e a g e o f

ti c t it
. . .

m e n on t h e s ou r e o f h is k n o wl e dg e G a d o r t h e d a e o f h is b r h ( J u b
c f q t c ti xxv iii t i
. .

E n o h is re u e n l y d e l ar e d t o b e h s o r t h e d a e o f h is b ur a l in

c t it i c
.

s ou r e Se e T Le v x 5 no e Ca n a a n I f w h MS b in 1 w e ou ld
cc p t it
. . . . . . .

S
.

A t th e l a s t ( BA ) a om a e 1 2 7 y e a rs a s t h e a g e o f G a d,
f c ci c flicti t t
. .

B ef o e ( Bg ro m
“
r A S) a r e a d s -
w ou l d r e o n l e t h e on ng s a e

c t i t t
. .

pp
He n e b o h r e a d n gs a e a r t o b e men s But h e re b s a n ds a l on e
i t xt c t
. .

r e n d er n g s o f 1 1 51 3 Th e e is n o t He n e w e m us re a d v “
s e e n y e ars
”

q it ti f ct y t xt pp t t
.

u e sa s a or in o ur e o r su os e h a Ga d w a s
t th m
.

“
3 Ag i . b dd a n . a s o e . b o r n in t h e y e a r 2 1 33 A M . .

4 D w p h i f t ( B) re A u d s ee a re a s Up t o Hebr on a n d la id h im ( a a ef ,
ki v t t i
. .

” “
d hi s se s sons sa e ha a ef re ad bu r ed f or
A cc d i g t i i
.

a n d l a d h im
“
5 Fi y ve ea r s or n o our
“
la d by A re a d

t xt i 1 G d l iv d 1 2 5 y A cc d
. .

e a e e a rs or in He b r on
J b xxv iii 2 0 G d w it
. . .

I
i g t
n o u . b .
, a as or n W it h his f a t h ers a ef S o m . .
1 62 T E ST A ME N TS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
)
a c t ion l , a n d r two 1 iss u es 4 Th er e fore all thi n gs are by . .

twos on e o v er agai n st the o t h e r 5 rF or 1 th e r e are two

, . .

ways of good a n d e v il a n d iw it h these a re the two ,

' '

in cli n atio n s in o u r bre asts discrim i n a tin g t h e m sl 6 ‘

Th e refore if t h e sou l take p leasur e in the g o od ( i n cli n a

tio n ) all its action s a re in righte o u s n ess ; a n d if it sin it
,

c itici m f Si xxv ii 5 6 wh t h
r s o M d ( pé
r — d f) b8 d -
e re e o es r rro vs a. a e
2
re a
cc g i P t pl c
. . .

”
w d or o u rsp it ba a n , s ee or e r, o . c T rro vs.
‘ “
a es

p 1 41
. .

4 A ll t hi g by t w t S n s a re os , e c ee

i cl i ti t g d d vil v 1 Cf Si xxxvi 1 5 a a épy

. . . .

‘
Th e se n na on s o oo an e r « ur a r a

f q tl y f d t b y th
. . . . .

a re re u en O fiybf
r e e rr e 65 65 6 é o 9 o ur a u or . ro o r o v, 10 1 0, 11 Ka r ua vr c 7 0

Th w de w or d d by t h 1 31 é b x l ii 2 4 i
as re n 6 ere e u s z n a l/ T a V

k t l t i gi l H b w
.

G re e f ra n s a or o é é b Th w d m y
o ur o r na e re Ka r ua vn u s. e or s a

t t
ex l y l w y b y 6 B bh
n e ar b t a h v b a c s tp v b; f w fi d ca o co v, u a e e en a urr en ro er or e n

on e c pp tl y b y h / (T N ph t h m i d b t ti l l y i E ccl v ii
a ar en w
t
a s ca a e sa e e a su s an a n es

d b y é fi fiunu T J d x iii 2 p ity b j y f l

. . .

14 I th d y f p
.

“
11 an u i a, u n e a o ros er e o u

xv ii 3 ity c i d
. . .

d i t h d y f dv
.
, ,

d by p lp T J '
an n oa e o cs . o s. an n e a o a e rs on s er

W ith t h i m i gh t c m p G d h th v id by i d
. . .

w s th e m d th o are e o a e en a e e on e s e s e
w ith t h th ”
ren d i g i t h LXX
er n Ths 5 n e S l Ch gig I 5 us :1 13 ‘
e o er ee a so a a 3

viii 2 1 ; ( ) BA S m it
. . .

I
is d re n d by d a ere G 5 F c uo ca , en r or 1 a o

xx i x 1 8 —
. . . . .

1 Ch ro n w b y 6w A d w it h t h ( é I h i Bg )
n13 3 1 31
nr . n e se u o s -
0
vi 5 ; by é Oa / t ( w h ic h m y b c p ti
. . .

V oe ol fl G a c, en d é u aa , rea s V a : a e a orru on

xxv iii 9 d b y npi f th f m ) g A 6 5

. .

1 Ch r on an Th g d w ou a o e or er 1! c e oo

D t xxx i 2 1 b y h a u P ciii 1 4
,

v il imp l i m b t
.
.
, .

’
eu d th w o a s an e e u se s n an s re a s

Th l t w d i d b y A q il
.
,

d i ct d t w d il
. . . .

“ ”
e as or d s u se g d d u a an a re re e o ar s oo an ev

S y mm ch i D t xxx i 2 1 I
.

a us Di imi t i g t h m ( 6 pl
n eu s. na e

d— f )
scr n ca x v ovr a

xxvi 3 A cc di g t th t h
.
.
,

B df d 6 mi i f
’
or n o ou r a u or er e a irr a -
re a n : or

i c l i ti T A h i 3 f t g d d
. . . .

’ “
a re tw o n If é é
na b h
o n s, s a r a r ac ere r e e rs o oo an

l f ll w t h g d i c l i ti v i l P ib l y t h i m i d i f
. . . . .

’
th e s ou o o s e oo n na on e os s s az an v o :
cti i gh t T A h i 6 ld b t k t g th d d t
.

it s a o n s a re r h e ou s , s s ou e a en o e er a n o

if t t h v i l i cli ti it cti t l ti f
. . .

o e e 6 pt n na on , s a on s ca x vo ur a as a ra n s a on o

are w ic k d T A h i 8 Th
e g d ( i LXX f J b i x 1 4 xv
s e oo {3 1 1 1 : as n o o
i cl i ti i t i t h p w f y Th igi l w l d th h v
. . . . . .
, ,

n na on s no n e o er o an e or na ou en a e ru n 1 17 1:

s p i it f B li T B j v i 1 ; it
r o e ar, en 03 n‘1 n3
dm it v il d i R b iv 9 it t i l y ) t h bj ct f t h ch ic f
. . .

a s no e e s re , eu ve are e o e s o e o e o

c i v th t gl y f m m T B j t h t w i cl i ti i t
. .

”
re e e no or ro b en , en e o n na on s n o ur re a s s

vi 4 G d l k t h i c li ti f p td
. . .

o 6 Th
oo l i h
s on e n na on o e so u s e re re r e se n e as

x ci i g t h i gh t f ch ic b t w
. .

T G d v 3 ( Bd A S ) ; H
.

l
a m an , a -
e e er s n e r o o e e e en

w it T N ph ii 5 ; t i it by t h t w i m p l
. .

Cf T J d xx 1
.

k no s a r es e o u se s u

t m pt ti T J 6 d l i gh t i it th i f cti i c ib d t t h
. . . . .
. . . .

e a on , wh 03 11 e s n e re s un on s as r e o e

it t k pl i ( b th l y ) p i it f t h t di g f t h
. . .

“
wh en a es d
e a s ur e n ro er s r o e un ers a n n o e

l vo T J
e, xvii 3 ; d w d os mi d i g d t th p i ci pl f an re ar s a n
”
n re ar o e r n es o
cc di g t it T J d x iii 8 t th d
. . .

m an a or n o u ru an e rr or

y t i bl i d d b y f ic ti
. . . . .
,

Th e e z er Is th g d ( i li n ti )e S I o rn a on n e oo nc na on o

d c v t T J d xv iii 3 ; it d i g f BA S
.

I
an o e o u s n e ss , d é th u re n er v e re a n o a

ti d i t g by v y T Sim
. .
. .

( t w lk i
“
p 0f7
‘

i s s rr e n od hdan er en rea s Ka is 1r 0 6 v ua c o a n

i v 8 Th y t f y th —i t h g d w h ic h m y b
, . .

e e z er o d ou e e oo ne ss a e a re n er

vil y t —bl i d t h mi d T J d i g f 5 c p ti ( i) f
. . . .

e e z er n s e n u n o 11 x 3 a o rru on o

x i 1 M m t t w lk cc di g ; K l ? 6 B Mg
. .
,

an us no a a or n Tc a a ca ou c .

h i i cl i ti x iii 2 BA S d m l y 6 Ng H w v
. .

I "

t o s T J d n na ons , u re a e re v Ka o e er

T h i l tt p g i d btf l P m y cc t f t h c pti i
. . . . .

s a er w a ss a e s ou u os e a a ou n or e orr u on n

ibl y t h f c t th t d b v
.

s ere w m
a re r e e ren S 8 es o e se a e us r en e r as a o e e e ve r

ct i
. .

i mp l iii 2
.
,

l
u se s i T B j a so A l l it n (BA S ) d en s a on s a r e
I
a re a s

it d ll it cti
. .
, .

vi 5
.

. . oes a s a on s .
 AS H E R—CH A P T E RS I 4—11
. . 1 1 63

straightway re pe n t e th 7 For ha v i n g its tho u ghts set . .

,

up on right e o u s n ess a n d ca sti n g away wicked n e ss it , ,

stra ightway o v e rthroweth t h e e v il a n d u pr o o t e t h the sin , .

8 Bu t if it i n cli n e to t h e e v il i n cli n atio n all its a ctio n s

.
,

a re in wicked n e ss a n d it dri v eth away the good a n d , ,

cle a v e th to t h e e v il a n d is r u le d by Be lia r ; e v e n tho u gh ,

it work what is good h e p er ve rteth it t o e v il 9 For , . .

whe n e v e r it be gin n e t h to do good he force s t h e issue of ,

the actio n i n to e v il for h im s e e in g that the treasure of ,

the in clin atio n is filled with a n e v il Sp irit .

I I A p e rso n the n m a y with words h e l p the good for

.

7 A i th p vi v
s n th B kh e 17 w refi d ou s M y it b e r se e e ra 3 e n a e
cti f t h g d t d cy gi v Th y w i l l t d l iv f m vil
. .

a ons o e oo en en a re en , o e er us ro e

so h pp tl y w h v it m d t d c y S T yl ( p it 1 2 7
e re a ar e n e a e s o es en en ee a or o c

f cti
. . .

9 T d g d ( ) 1
( BA S d “
o a on se e ve r o o oo a re a as

th gh t d g d
. .

”
8 B t if i t i li
. u t th il i nc ne o e ev n ou o o oo .

c li tina ( 66 66 h i y e 93
on mps1V H f K th i v
f th u ti i t
7 « a e or ces e ssu e o e ac on n o

6 Bc g )
ca o S t h t xt w h ic h d il f
o h im e ( 6 0 e ij pdf rea s ev or 7 1 05 r
'
s n e ws
—
.
.
,

H 6 B e
‘
I
ea 66 e» a y u i
'
h
w o ir i 7p6 K éh fi
/
z
) Bb A S
r c) La oz cou, 6 s 7r ou7 u 0. a i ue c a -

m t b h f c th i cti
.

us m d d e Th e l i th en d e e f hi sou s e re a e or e s e ss u e o s a on

bj ct f t h v b i t v il d i g ( 6 éh ij pd£ w
.

”
su e oi 6 Th e er as n ve r us n o e o n 7 r os r s n 6 s
cti
. .

h v
“ ” ’ ’ ’
w e paga b fi
e it « ei a r in s, éh b ) s a o n s, a trr o ) 6 1s Ka Korro o w a ue c .

i t} t h
’
i th l t ean Th t f t h i li t i
w (6 7
-
e e so u s, no ; a rr o e e r ea s u re o e nc na on 1

cti f t h i cl ti ( 6 B t N )
. .
,

a on s o e pb n 0 6 B M )
in a on Ob v th ca o ou aav s 70 ca ov ov se r e e
Th i v d l w ith t h v il i cl i m i i th i gi l h (
. .

s er se p
ea s e e n na a ra n o as a n e or na e re 1 3 11:
t (3l on ) npb 6 B fiN ) d c mp a
n ou M tt v 35 ca oz ou an o re a 1111
.

v il th t f ll w w h t h v il m f m t f t h v i l
. . .
,
“
A d th n e e sTh a o o en e e e an ro ou o e e

so u l d it l f t it Fi t c m t
s urre n ers b i g th f t h
se o v i l th i g rs o e re a su re r n e or e n s
”

cti l ; th
.

p
.

g
th e a f th on s ( T yl
o S yi g e s ou ese a re a or, a n s

w ic k d x t it m d f cti ; it
.
,

I fi l l d w ith es o a on
e : ne s o
il p i it ( n s e an ev s r a
d i v th
r e w y g d d c l v th t
a a v th t g d i b f m
oo an ea e o sa e a re a s
“
s orn ro an
e vil d fi lly it i
: an it b c m na v il p i it s
Bd g ss u e d i fill d e o es e s r -
re a
“
s e
a s al v f B li e o e w ith t h
ar p i f th v i l S p i it A
”

—
.
e o son o e e r

i fi ll d w it h v i l p i f t h w ic k d
,
Cl th t ea ve ( p K h h d h) o n oo o rac . 0 “
s e e o s on o e e
rea d ps hh bu n ( i )
oa xo BA S f th p i it S i c t h t x t
e uos s c
1
ne ss o e s r n e e e
5 p w h ic h m y
.
.

re a d p h q n oo a d 6 Onve c :
pb
z fi 6 B M n, a re a s oa v s ro La ov ov

b e c p t f p — p hAd
orr u £ 0Bd y A )
or 31 n 7 0 fiu1r o o K0 hfi -
r a c. 0 -
« o z/ 1 00
, n ue z a r o s 7r 6 7r

Cf iii 1 p it i t i mp b bl th t t h wr a c,
‘

s no ro a e a Foo
»
as

v il t d c y i f m ditt g ph y f t h l t
. . .

a r se n ro a o ra
R l d by B l i
u e Th e ar e e en en o e as

i i d tifi d w ith S t l tt f 6 B M
.

i B b B th a an n a a a ra e e rs o ca ov ov
s en e
.

( y
T l S y i g a p or , I I W i t h w ad h nlp t h s My or s e e ocs

S k k 52 it fi t m i d h uB / é n) S I m d t h
.

A cc d i g t
.

n u a
b rs s ur c a a VO t v o e en e
or o

t tifi g i t p g f b th c i
.

l d
ea m s d th en an en es d ll
es a a ns a ss a e, or o re e n s on s an a

th m I Sh bb th 1 05 it i c l l d t h v i
e n a a c pt b d s a e e e rs o n s are orr u . a re a s

t g g d ( 5 ) Th w d
.

a
“
s ran e o h éy d qb di
11 hs p fi e or s
‘
o cs co r
‘
oa, W e r e occ co r c a a
'
:

x ci 1 0 N v il w ill b f l m yb c pt f
.

in P s
“
o e h u e a 1
3 1 01
3, a e o rr u o r .1 3 00 o wr c a

th i t p t d b y R Ch i d
. .

'

B ué ] Bg A d
‘

ee a re n er re e np s a as a uo ur or ar c o vo a .
s
-
re a

i g Th v il t d c y w ill t h éy w h ic h i
.

m qbn i ( A m b i
“
ean n e e en en no o vo a , o o s o v

ly c p t f A67 i p
.

ru el ( 5 ) v th (S h
6 1 122 1
1 o er ee
”
an It i o us o rr u or 01 ; c c ce co a
’‘

t l i k l y t h t ap
.

T l m d ic p y gi v
.

I n th e a i u ra di er d d gt i en n no e a c co r oa an ce o a
1 64 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P A T R I A R CH S
the sak e of the e v il ye t t h e iss u e of the actio n le ad e th to ,

m ischie f 2 Ther e is a m a n who sh o w e t h n o c o m p a ssio n

. .

u p o n him who s e r v e th his t ur n in e v il ; a n d this thi n g

hath two as p e cts bu t the whol e is e vil 3 A n d the r e , . .

is a m a n that lo ve th h im th a t worketh e v il b e ca u se he ,

wou ld pre fe r re ve n 1 to die in e vil for his sake ; a n d c on

cer n i n g this it is cl e ar that it hath two a s p e cts bu t the ,

whol e is a n e vil work .

1
a 3
I 3

4 .
+ ho u gh
T in d e ed h e h a v e 4 Tho u gh i n de e d th e re is .

lo v e ye t is he wicked who lo ve ye t it is wicked as it

, ,

co n ceale th wh a t is e v il for co n cea l e th what is e vil ; n ow

t h e sake of t h e good n a m e + this thin g s e e m eth good in ,

bu t t h e e n d of the actio n nam e but t h e e n d of the ,

t e n deth u n to e vil acti on t e n de th u n to e v il

. .

5 An oth e r st e a l e th doeth u n j u stly p l u n de r e t h de fra u de t h

.
, , , ,

a n d withal p iti e th t h e p o o r : this rt o o1 hath a twofold

are i d p d t d i g f H b w w k th v il d d Lik wi i
n e en en re n er n s o a e re or e e an re a e se s

w d or O i c p ti f t h h i w ick d
ne s a orr u b c ont o e e n e n e ss , e a u se , e c
”

th k ( BS —é
. .

l
o er . I il f hi y n ev or s sa e v Ka rcc

Th i h i d O 63 o) Th i m y b i ht b t A s
f et t l
ss u e o t h e ac on ea g e r au
Ur 0y a e r u a

p i t t d i ff t m i g
.
,

it (t h l ) l d th
.

we m y d a re n er
“
e so u d ea e o n o a ere n e an n a re a s
vi l A i h i vil
.

th i
“ ”
e ss ue
”
i n e n s e

A di v g l ig h t l y f m t h
. , .

4 er es s ro e
2 H im w h th h i t i il
i
.

( 5A
.

i d f cti v d
o s erve

d ly
v f d 3S
s
t h gh th y
urn n ev
ers o n s o a. an
I “
ou e

t i t
,

l v v
a s e e e an re a s on
“
th w h v h i t
o se o ser
c
e
c
l
s
l th
y t
v i
ur n
l
h y
w th i
.
l
m tt
h y o e a so , e are e e as e

3 H w h v th e re c f m e a
pp e
t e
h g d i
a se
m b t th
o
d
a an
on ea e e : no s a er

v il d b c
.

l v
a e are oo n na e, u e en

A l l t xt b c t
,
wh
w i lli g t
o o

h i l if i
es an

v i ld i g
h ei
t
oe r
pp e a u se
t p e s
e c
”
e s a e ar o e orru

Th i v i it p t f f
. .

l n o o se s e n e o n on
m
h i b h lf mit
s e rs e , n s re se n or r e e rs

bj ct I f it
,
s e A
a hi d o
“
on s
t th m 3
b h lf
” o e sa e su e as v er

i gh tl y th t h w d
. .

e b t w
a gl y u ron
d
.
,
o es so r en e or c on

w h ich c l i w g
,

W k th H
' “
oril e dd ev e re 0. a d A s m ea s r on a an se e
th i g i w ick d p f bl h wh ich g i m ki g
. .

”
n s (6 é e n e ss on re era e e re , a re e n a n

d S i c h ( w w a ) l (f m ) t h t x t f t p
I
s n e e s s a so d t t o e e re e r o e rson s , an no o

i i w ick d l ik w i q l iti m l y N w 6 wy po w
.

(d
“
s n b g e n e ss, e e se ) ua es e re o o x wr v

) i h i w ic k d h ic h m y b c pt f
.

”
oa é r ws s e Th n w e n e ss e z j np n, w a e o rr u or

bj ct f t h i c l m ( cc d i g
.

o e o s mm i 6 dy
a u se se e fi H c w h ld
s a or n 3 e a vr c v en e e s ou
xp l i t h p p b bl y d Th gh i d d h
, . . .

t df A 8 ) t 1 “
o b t o e o e a n e re ro a re a : ou n ee e
c di g t t m t b t i c t h l h v l v y t i h w ick d wh l v th
e n s a e en u s n e e re a a e o e, e s e e o o e
xpl ti i g i v i t h d th t wh t i v i l w t h i t h i g m th
,

e a na on s en n e w or s a a s e : no s n se e e
f ll w b c
o o h i “
il l i g t
e a use g d i e m b t t
s w n e c oo n na e, u e c.
”

t h i cl pp t b i t p l t d I t i c t h bj ct f
, ,

s a u se a e a rs B t o e n er o a e 3 i u s n e e su e o ve r . s
i th gh d itt g ph y pp tly f lly d lt w ith
.

m y h v a a e a r se n r ou a o itra a a re n u ea as s

b g gi v th t t t h t c c l i g w d h w it i p b bl th t
.

e es a no er u rn o e se n e n e . os n or s s o s ro a e a

cc p t it w p t f ll t p ft t h li p t f 4 i l t
,

If w e a e ,
e u a u s o a er e e ar er ar o v er . s os .
1 66 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
me n desire it 2 But fro m wick e d n ess flee away destroyi n g . .
,

t h e ( e v il ) i n cli n atio n by your good works ; for they th a t

a re do u ble fa c e d s e r v e n o t God bu t th e ir o w n l u sts so t h at
-
, ,

th e y m a y p le ase Be lia r a n d m e n like u n to the m selve s .

I V F or good m e n e v e n th e y that a re of si n gl e face

.
, ,

though they be tho u ght by th e m that a re double faced to -

s in are just b e fore God

,
2 For m a n y in killin g the . .

wicked do two works o f good a n d e v il ; but the whol e is ,

good beca u se he hath u p rooted a n d d e stroyed that which

,

is e vil 3 O n e m a n hateth the m e rci fu l a n d u n j u st m a n

. .
,

a n d the m a n who co m m itteth adult e ry a n d fa s t e t h this : ,

too has a twofold as p e ct bu t t h e rwhole1 work is good

, , ,

b e cause he followeth the Lord s e x am p le in that he a o ’

c e p t e t h n ot t h e see m i n g good as the ge n u i n e good 4 . .

2 fi a d A om
Bu t ( ) a -
. c
3 Th e m er if u l a n d u nj u s t ma n
i c ct ci
.

c
. . .

Des tr oy in g t h e ( evil ) in l in a t ion by Th s is t h e h a ra er d e s r b e d in n 5 . .

y ou r g ood w or ks Man w as t o ge t t h e W h o is a n a d u l t erer a n d f a s t eth

t vi t c t i c ct ci
. .

mas e ry of t h e e l e n d e n y h r ou g h Th s h a ra e r h a s b ee n d e s r be d in
o be d en i c e t o t h e l aw Cf Sir ll xx i ii 8 . .

i iv
. . . .

K dd u sh 306 ; A b ot h 2 ; A bo d a Th is , t oo, h a t h a t w of o ld a sp ect ( Ka i

Z 19 iv é o r t 6L7rp60 w7rou — 13 d g A SI )
. .

Se e Ta yl or , Sa y in g s 2 '
a ra a. -

t t P t p it 1 2 6 q I
. .

n o e, e c or e r, o c s n a d g re a d Ka ly e ( d g Ka i) a fir é s «f o r :

c ti v il t d c y i
. . . .

th ( 0 c m ) Su rpéo w rros, h e a l so is d o ubl e

'

a er a n s en se e e en en s

dy l i i t h igh t fc
.

l
a re a s a n Th n e r e ou s us, a ed

A ccep t et h ( u poo oexéne uos —fi A SI )

.

cc di g t J t h G l il ( B ch
.

2
a or n o o se e a ean a er ,

i th th cl ic
.

0 re a d s w poo do x u m
’
T an ere are re e a sse s e uo s, w h h is c or
pt
.

m g t m O f th th fi t w
. .

a on s en e se e rs e re ru for n po a oe x oue uos o r is a t ra ns l a

igh t ti c pt
.

th wh w d th l on o f m g , orru f or S t e xt
e r e o u s, o e re u n er e ru e
p z pp z

f t h g d t d cy ( p v d f m P
.

o e oo en en ro e ro 8 The s eemin g g ood a s t h e g en u ine

ci x 2 2 my h t i w d d w ith i
.

M
“
ah
o
‘
e ar s oun e n
g o o d a A re a d 7 6 ox o vu K a u p rd
i e
-

m y v il t d c y i l i )
.

i i p i
.

m e, t e e en en s s a n dh né’w o fi Ka h oi} Th s m oss bl e

Th ( il ) t d cy ( o d fi oh
. . .

t x t c ct it
.

e ev en en T ia o co v e w a s o rre e d b y B n o r o do xofiv
a ) Th i i d b t dl y t h igh t t x t
s s un ou e e r e Ka h ou p 6 1 3 ) 7 01 7 d h ndw o fi Ka Ko fii Th s
v il t d cy i f q tl y c ll d
. .
.

fi t i t iv p i
. .

Th e e en en s re u en a e se e m s a t rs s gh to g e a oss b l e
th t d c y i m pl y fi A S d
e en en s
1
re a t xt
e p c i c t xt
; f or t h e re e d n g on e d oes
c p tly o d dfl l w t h d v i l
.

o rru r v i o v,
“
e e ti i cti
m en on a s e e m n gl y g o od a on s u h c
t i 3 9 It i t i d d
.

S ee n o es on s ru e , n ee as f ti i cti
a s n g an d a g en u n e l y b a d a on
t h t t h v il t d c y i i d tifi d i
.
.
,

a e e en en s en e n c
su h as ta d u l er y ; f t
bu t o n u r h er
c ith S t i B b
,

One tw or o as e s, w a an n a a fl cti t i
re e on ti c t
h s e me n d a on ann o be
B tha 1 6 ; Si xx i 2 7
ra 3 r . . .
a dm itt cc p t t
e d ; f o r, a s t h e w or d
“
a e e h
”

S t G d b t
erve n o AS) d o , u
I
. 0. re a s in t h e et xt t pp v t
m u s m e an a ro e h ,
a re n o t G d b t v o s, u s er e .
t i t t
h e r e w o u ld b e n o se n se in s a y n g h a
I V 2 F or ( BA S ) a r e a d s bu t 1 “
i pp v t
t h e goo d m a n , l ke t h e Lo rd , a ro e h

it i
. . . .

0f g ood a n d evil ( a ) [Bb g re a d

E - n o t t h e s e e min g g o o d w h t h e g e n u n e

t i vi cti c t xt
.

Hen e t h e e
”
ba d a of q Aa b
“
g d
o o h r u
o g h e v l b g A e l on

t t t i
.
,
”
h r o ugh g oo d , SI “ a goo d a n d an m u s b e o h e r w s e e me n d e d No w t h e
i
.

e ilv ”
. e rror a pp e a rs t o l ie in ne r d Th s .
 AS H E R—CH A P T E RS III . z —
V . 2 1 67

A n oth e r d e sireth n o t to see a good day with the m that riot ,

lest h e d e file his body a n d p ollut e his so u l : this too is , ,

do uble faced bu t t h e whole is good 5 For such m e n are

-
,
. .

lik e to stags a n d to hi n ds beca u s e in the m a n n e r of wild ,

a n im als th e y s ee m to be u n clean bu t they are altogether ,

clean ; b e ca u se rthey walk1 in z e a l for t h e Lord a n d

abstai n from what God a lso h a t e th a n d forbidd e th by His
co m m a n d m e n ts wardi n g off the e vil from t h e good , .

V Ye see m y childr e n how that there a re two rin

.
, ,

all t h in gsl on e agai n st the oth er a n d the on e is hidde n

, ,

by t h e other : Iin w e alth ( is hidd e n ) co ve tousn ess in ,

co n v iv iality drun ke n n e ss in laughter grie f in wedlock , ,

ro fii a c 1 D e ath d to li disho o u r to
p g y 2 su c c e e e t h fe .
[ n ,

glory ] n ight to day a n d dark n ess to light ; [a n d all thin gs

, ,

are u n d e r the da y just thin gs u n d e r life ru njust thin gs , ,

u n d e r death 1 where fore also et e rn al l ife f a w a it e t h d e ath ‘ ‘

p p iti if t l t d = wh ich
re os on , F (
re ra ns a e bS ) A d , n, or a a
l
. re a s

in th i t i f q
s, tl y i t h B b m
as no n re uen n e
-
a o .

M a ssore tic t x t i c p ti f e ,
I th m
s a
—
f wil d
orr u im l ( é on o 3 n e a n n er o an
1
a s v

H c th d i g i t xt
“
fi fl d y pl d ) )3 d s d i et wu a a e -
a e rea n
b
w i ld c d iti
.

c s. en e e re n er n n ou r e

A i mi l i i j cti i gi v i v i 3
.

( e nfl dy pl p ) a on on u a c .
s ar n un on s en n . .
”
1 “
L d [3A 8 d G d
4 Th i v c ti or re a o .

m t g d
s e rs e s e e
Wh t s o re
mm dm t h Bg
ar as e
(
b d i it l f b t j tifi bl
.
a co an en s -

w h t G d h t th
i m
c s as a n se u us a e I
S) d A
c t i c diti
,
0 re a s a o a e

wh t G d l t h t h m th
.
,
un d er d by it
er a n on on s an s “
d gh a o a so or er e e rou
en d .
Hi c mm d m t t h t s o an en s o a e .

D i th es r e t g d d y W di g f th o s ee
il f a
m th g d oo a .

d icti p tl y b w d ( f ) d ar n o e ev ro e oo

d th y w d
Th e m on se e s ar o r ro e I “
d
f m P xxx i v 1 2 W h t m i h
ro 8
t A
“
d t w d ff a
t
an s e
e .

“
re a an e ar

th t d i th l if d l v th m y d y m d h g d f cti v
. .
e c an o ar o , e c. , ca
a es re e an o e an a s

th t h m y g d l b t
a e a xt se e
V 1 S oo
i 4 t
'
u se e ne
o .
,
an are e e e.

no et .
I w l th p fl ig y S ' n
"
. .

ea
ee . no e .

ro ac
"
o

v th t mit i w l th
.

d fS
I
T g d d y (h fi S )
o s ee a d oo a . 0 re a s a a e
I
sa e a a o s
“
n ea
t o g d d y se e ( m w) ; Aoo cvt —
a s d th t f
2
3 p
a h
o e o u sn e s s ,
”
an a or
“
ro
t g d
o se e Si c t h di g f
oo fl ig y (d l ) w h ich
n e ed Sre a n o ac o wr a 0. r e a s, a e
I

w ith t h d V lg
.

w h i l f m it
,

c ag re e s LXX f d e l d d w l an u o re a
’
ouc a o a re / a, e o s.
p
xxx i v 1 2 b t t w ith t h
.

P s. 2 Di h u t gl y no d ll e s on ou r o or an a
tic d t d l g i t
.
, .

M assor e an t hi g s an d th d y s a on e d a a ns n s a re un er e a un er
h BA S it m y b b d f m th
,

cl I h v b ck t d
,
l
a d th Th
e o rro w e ro e ea : e se a u se s a e ra e e
di g
,

LXX Th f h {3 8 th
e rea it i n o
1
, on e as n ru s on s
th h d i p b bl y igi l T
.
.

“
o er an , s IU j
ro t th i g
a d or d th ( )na . o n us n s un er ea 1 a .

BA 8 m it
”
se e a g d d y h w
oo ld m t a ere ou e an
“
o 1
o
h v g d ti m f it O f E th x ii 1 1 E
.

”
a e a oo Et el l if o Cf D s er er n a e an n.
viii 1 7 Th J w h d gl d
. .

xxxvii 4 l 9 l viii 3 t
. . . .

“
d e e s a a n e ss an x e c
f t d g d d y wh
.

C t xt qi
. .
.
, .
, ,
”
j y
o , a e as an A w it th a oo f la , e re a e on e re u re s
“
o

l w th p i th ft
.

t h LXX m fip mfi n
’

e d by ren e rs a or S
e tx o v .
o e u on or a r se a e r. ee

5 Th i v . m c pts I t d cti
erse s ee th i p g
s orru . n ro u on on s a ss a e.
I 68 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
3 . Nor m a y it be said tha t ; tr u th is a lie n or right wro n g ; ,

for all tr u th is u n d e r the light re v en as all thin gs are ,

un der G o dl 4 All thes e thi n gs therefore I p rov ed in m y

. .
, ,

life a n d I wan dere d n ot from the tru th of the Lord a n d I

, ,

searched ou t the co m m an d m e n ts of t h e Most High walki n g ,

accordin g to a l l m y stren gth with sin gl en ess of fa ce u n to

that which is good .

V I Tak e h e ed th e refore y e also m y childre n to the

.
, , , ,

c omm an dm en ts of the Lord followi n g t h e tr u th with sin gle ,

n ess o f fa c e 2 Fo r th e y that a re do u bl e fac e d a re g u ilty

. .
-

of a twofold sin ; rfor they both do t h e e v il thin g a n d th e y

hav e p le asure in th e m that do it followin g t h e e xam p le of
1
,

t h e s p irits o f dec e it a n d stri v i n g ag a i n st m a n ki n d , .

Do ye th e r e or e m y childre n kee p the l a w o f t h e Lord

r f ,
‘
, , ,

a n d gi v e n o t he e d u n to e v il as u n to good ; bu t look u n to the

thin g th a t is re a lly good a n d ke e p it in all comm a n dm e n ts ,

( A ) [3 8 m it p l m l ik th m l v ( cf h v 1 “
4 Th f e r e or e a . o e ase en e e se es a e
i th m t h t d t h m
. . .

W it h i g l f f s n t th t pl
en ess o a ce un o a ea su r e n e a o e

whi h i g d c AS)
s m it
oo F ll w i g t h I
mp l f t h p i it
. a o s . o o n e exa e o e s r s
VI 2 A g il t y f d bl re i f d itu d t i i g g i t m o ki d a ou e s n o ece an s r v n a a ns an n

Th t x t f S f ll wi g t h x m pl f
. . .

I
d S d) h dg B t ( )
“
'

e e re a s too : Ko o ur a i . u a a e o o n e e a e o

th i q ti f p i h m t h pi it f vil wh ic h t i v g i t
.

e re s no ues th on o un s en ere e s r s o e s r e a a ns

b t f g il t Th t w f l d t f t h m ki d bg A w i g t t h l f ”
u o u e o o n a ur e o e an n o n o e o ss o

g il t i th xpl i d N w hdg p c d i g cl w t t h t xt
. .

th Ko
‘

u s en e a ne o o vr a i e re e n a u se re ro e e e

m w h ic h h ld h h v f q t bd g A d
. .

z ww
in or an
"
1 i fi t s ou ere a e ( s c on a e as re uen re a

v il p i it h t y w h ich (d b c
.
,

b ee n d d dp p d
re n e re W a r uo vo t . e can e s r s a e e e a u se

fi d n th i t c f t h m
an o er n s anth y t i v g i t m k i d
e o e sa e error e s r e a a ns an n .

i 1 E
n v 9 w h t h E t h i pi
n 3 Y th f
e re my h ild e o c z o zz
’ r
e, er e or e, c re n
1

Gi h G f S ) b d g A m it
. .
, .

l
Ko h dj
ao d th
r o o ur a t k ( an e ze re e a a e o
v i th i Cf i v 3
. .

ers o n f w}; dg dp as m o ;I Th t i lly g d rw u. n s a s r ea oo

c t h l tt i igh t B th t l tt
. . . .
,

m
’
a se e a er 4 6 Th s fr o are -
e n a ur e o a an s a er

d i g v l h i ch ct f if h di
.

m H b w v b
.

ren f th
er n s o d e sa e e re er en re ea s s a ra er or e es

t bl d i p i it it i b c h m t
.

F t h y b th d
or th e il t h i g o d o e ev n an r ou e n s r s e a u se e ee s

w iti g h im w h
,

h a ve pl i t h m th t d
ea s u r e it th g l f B li
n e a o e an e so e ar a a n ere as

Th i cl if h di p c f l ly it i b c
,
1
( a a d f S) e h b s h
au se as e en e es ea e u s e au se e

t k v by S t P l i R m i 2 2 m t t h g l f p c wh c v y
.

a en o er au n o ee s e an e o ea e o on e s

gl y mit it W it h t it t h t l l if
. . . .

bg A w r on oh im t ou e o e e r na e

c t x t i m i gl S ch p p l Th i i d th t t h
. .

on e s e an n e ss l f th u eo e , our s ea a e s ou s o e

t xt p c d t t t l ik vi l d p t d m t ith by g d b d
.

e ro ee s o s a e, a re e e e ar e are e e er oo or a

s p i it d f t m ki d S
r s an a re g l oe s l vi g t h b d y pp
o h an n ee an e s on ea n e o a e ars ere

ii 3 w h w h v t h c f m f t h fi t ti m i J w i h lit t
.

e re e a e e a se o a an or e rs e n e s e ra u r e
v ild b c
.

l v A cc di g t K t h b t h 1 04
.
,

wh o o es f hi
an e o er dN m e a u se o s or n o e u o a an u

vild i g Th b t c f t h w d R x i th b d f mi i t i g g l
.

e o n e su s an e o e or s re e an s o n s er n an e s

t xt h v l d y b g iv 5D) cc m p y t h igh t
. . .

i
n th e e (ma e a rea e en en e/ n 3N
‘
a o an e r e ou s

i iii 2 w h
n th d bl f c d e re id l t h fi t i gi g
e ou h h ll te -
a e a re s a s ou e rs s n n
“
e s a en er

v th i w l t ( cf d t h i t p c t h c d th y h l l
.
, , ,
“
t o ser e e r o n us s o e n o ea e e s e on e s a

v i l t h i g i d t h t th y m y t t h i c ch t h th i d
.
,
” “
e n n or er th a e a re s on e r ou es e r , e
 I 7O T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
I k n ow that ye shall sin a n d be d elive re d i n to the ,

han ds of yo u r e n e m i e s ; ra n d 1 you r lan d shall be m ade

d e solate a n d yo u r holy p la ces destroy e d a n d ye shal l be
, ,

scatt e r e d u n to t h e fo u r corn e rs o f the earth A n d ye shall .

be s e t at n o u ght in the dis p e rsio n as u sele ss water 3 , .

U n til the Most High shall v isit t h e e arth co m in g Him self ,

[a s m a n with m e n e ati n g a n d dr i n ki n g ] a n d br e aki n g the

, ,

head of t h e dragon in t h e water He shall sa ve I srael a n d .

all t h e Ge n til e s [God sp e aki n g in the p e rson of m a n ] .

[ 4 T here
. f ore do r e also m
y y childr e n 1 t e ll th e se thi n gs to , ,

yo u r childre n that they disobey Him n ot 5 F or I ha v e ,

. .

k n own that ye shall ass u r e dly be disobedien t a n d ass ur e dly ,

act u n godly n ot givi n g he e d to t h e law of God but to the , ,

com m a n dm e n ts of m e n b e in g corr u p ted throu gh wick e dn ess , .

6 A n d ther e for e shall ye be scattered as Gad a n d Da n m y

.

br e thren a n d ye shall k n ow n ot you r o w n lan ds tribe a n d

, , ,

2 A h p dict th t h i ch ilds er ly t h
re fi ll y i m p it t s t b
a s r en on e na en en a re o e
w ill f ll i t t i t x il d t y d ( x ii 1 6 ti
.

i a d b n o s n an Th e se n n o e e e s ro e e na on s
Cf T Sim v 3 qq x xiv bj ct f t h di vi m cy i
. .
,

T L th s ev are e su e s o e ne er n

xv T J d xx T I v i 1 2 ; I ii 2 4 x i x 1 6 2 5 l 1 4 xl i x 6
. . . . . . . . .
,

1 u iii ss s. - -
x v

T Z b ix 6 T D x ii 2 7 31 l 2 S t
. .
. . . . .
, , .
, .
, .
,

e 8 ; T G d P an v a ss x -
xv ee no e on
viii 2 T B j ix 2
. . . . . . .
, ,
. . .

en

4 7 A 1 t c t d d iti
. . . . . .

D li d i t
e th h
ver e d f y n o e Cf an s o ou r -
s en B C a on.
v i 2 T Z b i x 6 T G d v iii 2
. . . . .

en e mi Cf T I es . . . ss . . . e . . . . a . .

1
Y l d h ll b m d d
ou r anl t 4 Ys l amy h il d ( ) BA S m
e a e eso a e . e a so, c r en a , o

Cf T J d xx iii 3
. . .

l
. . u . 5 [ h .k w ( .
f S) bd g A . a ve no n a a e

I h v
.

“ "
1
Y h ly p l d t y d Cf T d d BA S d d i
“
ou r o a ces es r o e re a a e re a a n

x 3 ; xv 1 xvi 4 ; T J d t h h v l y t bl th i p h
. . . .

L ev F u e ea en a es or s ras e

xx iii 3 Cf ii 1 0
. . . . . . .
,

Y h ll b c tt
. . . . .

e s d t a Cf 6 Sh ll
e s a d ly b di b d i t ( )
er e e c ver a a ss u r e e so e en c
x 4 xv i 1 5 T I v i 2 t h im
.
, . .
, .

1 “ ”
T L ev h i BA S d d ss a un o

3 Th i v d c ib th ph y
. . .
, .
, . . . . .

1 “
s e rseA t g dly ( )es r BA S d t
es a eo an c un o a re a ac

ft t h m f t h O ld T t m t g dl y t w d h im
. .

a er e a nne r o e es a en un o o ar s

d t cti p im v l B i g c
.

an d th f th
e e s ru p t d th
on gh w i k d
o e r e a e n orr u e rou c e ne ss

ene my f G d d m o Th Ch i ti o ( ) an d lg d u p b g
an ia e r s an a e re a o uorr oo c rr o Ka x
dd iti bvi b i g c i d w y by
. .

“
a o n s are o ¢ p6a ou s e e uo c e n a rr e a a

( C) w ic k d f l li g
.

"
1
A d b ki g ( )
n h BA S
r ea d h n cA y re a s eer l e n e ss, e are a n

d ( h f m it ) i p c b ki g i t w ick d l i gh t
.

”
an o n b t by ea e re a n n o e n e s s, u a s

m d ti gh t i t l i
.

B ki g t h h d f t h d g
r ea n t e A ea b b o e ra on , e c e en a on can e r ou n o ne

d w f m P l xx i v 1 3 w ith
.

Th w d e se or s are ra b m n ro s a a o
—
. . . . .

°f 8
I th w t n ( é i i) fleb gA
a er ) 6 A d th f 1r ( h i) A
ro d b t a r os n er e or e r ea s u

th f th f
. . .

I ” ”
a
Bg -
d 6d re a wh th r 6S d er e e e re o re , , ere ore , 0 an

t Ch i ti i fl c
.

5d m y b d
r a e S tt
ue d o G d d D r s S T an n uen e ca e re as a an an ee

G d v iii 2 ; T D v 8 v ii 3
. . .

A d ll t h
n G t il Th
a i e en es e un a an , .

t O T p ph t
. . . . .

v e rs ali m f t h g s o A d y e h ll t k w ( )
re a e r 8 d ro e s n e s a no no a .
, re a s

p d c d by th Cf J
. .

” “
is re ro u e wh h ll t k w
o ur a u A wh k w or er o s a no no , o ne

i v 2 xv i 1 9 iii 1 7 wh t ch th t
. . .

”
.
,
.
,
t .
,
o ea es a no .
 AS H E R—CH A P T E R S V I I 3— I I I
. V . 2 1 71

ton gue 7 But the Lord will gather you together in fa ith
. .

through His ten der m e rcy ran d1 for t h e sake of Abraham , ,

I saac a n d J a cob )
,
.

V I I I A n d whe n he had said th e se thi n gs u n to them

.
,

he co m m a n ded sayi n g : Bury m e in H e bron A n d he fell .

aslee p a n d died at a good old age 2 A n d his son s did . .

as h e had com m a n ded th e m a n d they carried h im u p to ,

Hebron a n d buried him with his fath e rs

,
.

7 H ( ) B AS e d th 0. ei g d l p , d th -
h w th
e
1
re a
“
e n a oo s ee an us s o s e

m c p ti
. .
,

L d
or . i T Z b x 6 sa e o rr u on as n e .

t
. .
,

Th g h Hi
r ou t d m y ( ) wh s en er e rc a e re se e n o e .

th gh t h h p f Hi
.

1 “ I
,3 A S d rea 2 A d hi r ou ( ) Bd A S d e o e o s n s son s a -
rea
t d m cy d ft th i h i
. .

en er er . an a er s s s on s .

IA d l ( d )
n
fi dA8 m a. T H b ( ) 5A 8 m- 1
o o e r on a
1
o

cl f S d A h t h
. . .

V II I 1 S yi g ( ) BA S d
.

1 I “
At t h
a n a re a e ose re a s er e
t th m
.

t th f J c b th c d
. .

sa yi g n un o e f en son o a o e se o n s on o
v ii Zil p h d h l i v d 1 2 6 y
.
,

At g d ld
a g Cf T I
oo o a e A ss a an e e e a rs .

9 ; T B j x ii 2 Th t x t i mi l t t m t i f d i g
. . . . .
.
,

. en d . . . e e re a s s ar s a e en s ou n n .
THE TE STA MEN T OF J O SEPH , ELE VEN TH
THE

SO N O F J A CO B A ND R ACHEL

I . co p y of t h e testa m en t of J os e p h W h e n he was
THE .

abo u t to die h e ca lle d his son s a n d his br e thre n tog e ther ,

a n d said to th e m : 2 My br e thre n a n d m y childre n .

,

H e ark e n to J osep h t h e belo v ed of I srael ;

Gi v e e ar m y so n s u n to your fa ther , ,
.

T i t xt
I TLE v th t f 01 f c ll d t h Egy pti w m iii 1
n e sa e a or
“
o a e
“
e an o an

R ch l fi t f R ch l i v 3 ( B A S ; h d iff
. .
,
“ ” l
a h d e re a s d rs o a e -
a e re a re a s er

T t m t f J tly ) v iii 1 (B d A S ) vi ii 5 ( bi )
. .

b f S
e d I
re a ph “
es a en o ose en -
I
s ,

l v th b) c c i g b i ty w h x 5—xvi w h v t h
. .
, ,
“
th e e e en i on e rn n so r e er e a s n e a e e
i b y i t p t ti M m ph i x ii 1 x i v 1 5
. .

”
w m
‘
s n er re a on re e an o an ,

p ch f ) m ) xv i 1
.
,

m v l f J ph
.
,
’ ” ” 1
( BA S b t
“
o a o re roa O th a ose u a 0 n e

T t m t f J th h d Bd c p tly d t h
. . .
, ,

AS 2 “
ph ( +
es a en o o se c on o er an -
o rru re a
“
e

c i g vy A
ern n ) en E gyp ti
”
w m bh i xvi 4 g i t
e fg an o an n a a ns

I X 4 Th i cti if it b l g d A d ll MSS gi v t h
. .

-
s se fi t
on , e on s an a e e c on a e

i gi l t x t i t t ll v t di g M m ph i
. . .
, .

w m
“
t th
o e or na th e th
s no a a e en s re a n e e an o an e

igh t pl c x 5—xvi h ld b E gyp ti w m iii 6 Th

,
”
i it
n s r a e. i s ou e an o an n e
d im m d i t l y ft Ch pt i if b v v id c i ffi ci t t h w
. . . .

re a e a e a er a er a o e e en e s su en o s o

y h i t ic l q c th t t w d iff t c b hi d
.
,

w e are t h v o a e an s or a se u en e, a o eren so ur e s ar e e n

b t t h f ct th t xv ii —xv iii
u e a f m t h cti i q ti a F th m a re ro e se on s n ues on ur er or e

x 5—xv i i g i t t h c h c f x 5 X v ii i h w b y
. . .

th m h d
e sa e an as s a a ns e o eren e o -
s s o n

th i M v i m t b f m t h c c f t h ph
. . . .

s ore o e r, J ph
se e s o e ro e re u rr e n e o e ra se os e
th ii — 4 Th m i gh t y m
.

x 6
.

”
th e m sa e au th f or as i x. us e s on o a an n ,

th pp t b t w i d p d t xv 2 d f t h cl
. . .

e re a e ar o e I h ld my o n e en en an o e a u se ,
“
e

w iti g i— 4 d x 5—xv iii p c l t I h ld p t t h m t

.

r n s, x. an ea e es s ou u o s a e, e c

t h i t t m t w il l q i v l t i x 6 x i 2 xv 3
. . . .

Th g d f e r ou n it s or s s a e en or s e u a en n

xv i 5 xvi i 1 S l d i ff t
.

dd c d Fi t
.
, .
, ,

no w b e a f ll th u e rs o a e ee a so e re n

th m f x 5—xviii i b th l y l v ph l gy i ii 3 c mp d w ith
.
, .
, . .

e e o s ro er o e, r a se o o n as o are

th t f i — 4 i ch tit y x i 6 Fi ll y th gh t t h T t
. . .

wh e re a s a o x s as na r ou ou e es a

N x t i x 5—xvi P ti ph i c ll d m t t h d ty f t ll i g t h t th i l id
.
. . . .
,

e n o ar s a e en s e u o e n e ru s a

P t ph i x ii 1 x iii p t dl y — y t i x 5 xviii
. .
,

P t ph i
en e r or d w en e r s o n re ea e e n -

ch i f ch J ph l i v l ti m H c
.
.
, . .

I ”
1 3 5( b t BS so a , u e eu n u o se es se e ra es en e,

i ii — 4 h i p b bl y i 4 b l g t t h th
,

xv 6 w h
, , .

A ere a s n x e s ro a -
x. e on s o e au or

c ll d t h E gypti m i v 5 f t h T t m t b t t x 5 xv iii
.
,
. . , .

”
a e e an an o e es a e n s, u no -
.

v 1 B t th d i ffic l ti i th i l ti
. .

I
( BS b t A my h b du a
“
us an u ere a r e u es n s so u on .

v ii 2
.

1
( BA S b t my h b d u a. us an
2 My b th bb
.

bfg I d hild
bfg ( A “ re r en a n c ren a.
a

( BA S b t A h h b d
t h t h m it d ch il d
.

v
-
u a er us an

H i c ll d b th “ ” sa e a o s an re n
my h b d i
my ch i l d d b th
e s a e us an n o

se cti i v 1 2 5 ( A b t BS t h A
on s B S d
a u
I “
e
h*
I
re a ren an re re n .

E gy p ti
m dfg 0
.

v 1 ()
, , c
2
.
an a v1 1

) x i v I ( BS ) 3 ( ) xvi 1
.
, .

( A a.
'
bfg My t y f th ( BA S ) I
a s on s , u n o ou r a er
1

f my m t h
. .

H c w vid c h
.
,
.
, ,

en fi d
e e ca n d th w d n no b t e en e e re . (1. re a s e or s o ou u

Ag i 4 P ti p h w if ll l i m f v th f m
,

th p
’
ia n n 11 i .
-
x . o ar s e s e ara e s a o urs e or e r.
I 74 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
this chief cap tai n of Phara oh e n truste d to m e
II . And
his hous e 2 A n d I str u ggl e d a ga in st a sh a m eless wo m a n
. .
,

urgi n g me to tran sgr e ss with her bu t the God of I srael ,

m y father deli v e r e d m e fro m the bur n i n g fla m e 3 I was . .

cast i n to p riso n I was beate n I was m ocke dl ; but the

r
, ,

Lord gra n ted m e to fi n d m ercy in the sight of the k e e p er

o f the p riso n .

4 F or the Lord doth n o t forsake the m that fear Him

.
,

Neither in d a rk n e ss n or in bo n ds n or in tribulatio n s , , ,

n or in n ecessiti e s .

5 F or God is n o t p u t to sha m e as a m a n
.
,

Nor as t h e son of m a n is He afraid ,

Nor as o n e that is earth bor n is He [weak or] -

affrighted .

a. ga s
6 Bu t
. inall thes e thin gs 6 . Bu t in all p laces He is
doth He gi v e p ro at h a n d ,

t e c t ion ,

A n d in di ve rs ways doth He co m fort ,

( Tho u gh ) for a littl e s p ac e He de p arteth to try the

i n cli n atio n o f the so u l .

II Th is ch ief cap t a in of Pha r a oh

1 Doth f ors a ke ( a d A) Bd SI
-

t i f
. . .

“ “ ”
Bb r e a d t h”e ( h u s t h e e g”)
“
(a ) -
rea d w ll orsa k e

c xx iii
. .

e u n u h o f Ph a ra oh , A so Pe t a p h r e s 5 Cf Nu m .1 9 ; 1 Sa m .

xv
. . .

d fS Ph o t ip h a r dpxt a dy e t pos 29
( A
ic cif
. .

w h h I h a e h e r e r e n d ere d v h e I s H e [w ea k or ] afi r ig ht e d ( do fie ve i fl
' ’

c pt i
a a n is a m sre n d e r n g o f n nnnn w i i ‘ '
n r o e ir a t ) I h a e b ra k e e d v c t
i f iti t xt i
. .

Th e s a m e re n d e r n g is oun d in t h e LXX a s a n a dd on t o t h e e Poss b l y

xxxv ii xxx i v it it f t ti v
.

of G en 3 6 a n d J ub 11 w h n r oefr a i o r ms an a l e rn a e
i
. . . . .

2 My f a th e r b e f g
re n d er n g o f no } ,

my f th —a )
.

A rl t 1 I
“
re a d I sr a e l d Af r ig h t ed ( BA S
'
a e r, a TTT O GLT a L

f th J c j ct d ic my f t h
.

” ”
my a er d d wd f
a ob , c a e rs re a rr e rai 1s re e e wh h I S
p b bl y c pti f i
.
,

3 G
.
t d m t fi d m ra n ey i th e o n er c n e ro a a orr u on o n r oe r a c

ig h t f Th t x t é d é
. .

I “
6 B t ( BS )
‘
s o l l e e e A d f wK ue e s o k u a rea s or.

l it p d cti f —
. . .
,

uovs
) é bm i uc l ov Th thi g
s a ( b Bb g ) b gera re ro u on o ese n s ro r o rs a -

i 9 C pl c ( b )
.

m h mm Cf D
n‘n 1
A
21 S d an on 9»b h I
re a a es r rr o rs

t t x i 6 w h t h th f th t
. . . . . .

ra s D th H g i p t t i
ere ( p l e au or o a o e ve r o ec on F O O T a Ta L
’

cti f ll w G xxx i x 2 1 i g i vi g — ) BS d i H t h d
.
,
1 “
se on o o s en n n a re a s e a an

t ph w it h
. . .

“
a d iff e re n th m ( pl ) A i
r ase e sa e n a ar ara c : s
ig d p t
. .

m ean n . D p t th ( ) BA d e ar e a . re a
“
e ar
1 ”
4 . Th e Lor d (a a d ef A ) .
n om . in g . Fr o m I s liv 7 . . .
 JO SE PH — CH A P T E RS II . I -
llI 5 . I 75

7 I n t en
. te m p tatio n s He showe d m e a pp ro v e d ,

A n d in all of th e m I e n du r e d ;
For e n d u ran ce is a m ighty ch a rm ,

An d p ati e n ce gi v eth m a n y g o od thi n gs .

I I I How o fte n did t h e Egy p tia n wo m a n threat e n m e

.

with d e ath ! How o ften did she gi ve m e o ver t o p u n ish

m e n t a n d th e n call m e back a n d threate n m e a n d whe n
, ,

I was u n willi n g to co m p a n y with h e r s h e said to m e : 2 ,

.

Tho u shalt be l o rd o f m e a n d a l l that is in m i n e ho u se if , ,

thou wilt gi v e thysel f u n to m e a n d tho u shalt be a s o ur ,

m a ster 3 Bu t I r e m em b e red the words of m y fa th e r a n d

. .
,

goin g i n to m y cha mber rI we p t a n d p rayed u n to t h e Lord , .

4 A n d I fa sted in thos e s e v e n ye ars a n d I a pp e ar e d to t h e

.
,

Egyp tia n s as o n e li v in g d e lic a t e ly for th e y th a t fa st for ,

God s s a ke re ceiv e bea u ty o f fa c e 5 A n d if m y lord we re

’
. .

a w a y fro m ho m e I dr a n k n o wi n e ; n o r fo r thr e e days did ,

7 T ( BA ) en d l v W pt . d ( )
0. BA S m
re a s
“
e e en r e an 1 a
I
c

A cc di g t J b
. . . .

T t mp t t i
en e a F t d
on s d pp d or n o u as e an a ea r e
x i x 8 S yi g f th F th v 4 l i i g d li t ly Cf M tt v i 1 6
. .

a n s o e a ers v n e ca e a

t i T yl
.
.
, . . . . .

I
Ab h m
’

( Th L d ( BS ) “
se e no e d n a or s A ed G d ra a e or a re a o

t i d w ith t t m p t ti A cc d i g t
. .

Jb
.

w as r e S 4 S en
y e a on s ee even ea r s or n o u

t my diti f J h xv 1 7 xl vi 3 J ph w v t i
. . . .

n o e on e on o u 11 ose as a se r an n
th w h P ti ph h f t y
. . . .

A= t
’
7 P ti . a en ce .
“
o ose o o ar s o u se or en e ars .

en d ur e .
”
Th E g yp t i ( ) Th th MSS e a ns c e o er

i d t h E g y p ti
.

III 1 A d w h . . h id
n t d V en s e sa un o an ers o n s r e a
“
e an .

m ( )e B A Sa

i lli g t c mp y w ith h
. d wh -
I wa
F
a
t h y th t f
I
re a
t t O
“
t h
en as
or e a as e c ur a u or

t h i ki g f D
.
,

m y h v b
un w n o A d o an er n
1 15
s h id t m
e sa un o
O th
e.
c
”

cti f p y d n
a a

e
e e en

on n e
n

on
n

o
o

ra
an .

er
.

an
.

2 Th t i i m i
d th t i m i
. h a ( ) BA S s
f ti n
g i v 8 x l
ne
”
ou s e a .
I
as n , se e .
,
. .

5 O f th i v t
re a a s ne .

— w g ly I s ers e e a re s ron
3 B t ( oé Bb A ) bS d
mi d d b y L k B t if
.

u a -
re a

th f
. .
“
45 re n e u e x 11 u

t h t v t t
.

ere o r e
h ll y i hi h M y a ser an s a sa n s ear
Th w d fe m y f t h or( ) d s
g A
l d d l y th h i c m i g
o a er c ,

f my f th Jcb b i
.

d h ll or e a e s o n an s a
d th w d
d i k
,
re a e or s o a e r, a o

Cf J b xxx i x 6
.

B t (J ph ) d id b d k
g t t “ d t d t e n o ea an o r n an o

t
.

d
u

hi l b t
.

m mb d
.

W it h th t u
t m t i
ose
e ru n en .
”
e s a e en s n

t h t xt w ld c m p t
no su rre n er s s ou u re e er e

t h w d w h ic h J c b h i f th
h h i e e e s ou o a re o se n

d t d f m
e

m g t th
or

d
Z b 118
s
wh it i i d th t w h i l t
a o s a

w or s
er
e b e re s sa a s

t l tf l J
.
,

l ve w p
u se o re a ro a on s e

o f Ab h m Ab h m
ra c mm d w ch t w h th w
a
th h
ra a
p
’

ci s
h
o an s
e o er s a s er e us u ose

th i q ti gi v i J h xx 4
.

y as a s e, e re e e re ra a ous

J p v j h i g th t
on s ues o n ar e en n u

xxv 7 A cc d i g t S tch 36 G
. .
,
h y d y t b ose ne er en o e an n a

ra bb l xxxv ii t h i m g
.

a
.

f J c b p
w
or
t hi (
e
n
J wi h E
o

a y v
e
iio

o a o
, en

a
.

a s no s see e s nc . .

i t A i c p t
.

p d
e a re t t h w d w a d x h d L d e B S
n m o an e or e or
I
c s o rru

J ph t b f ith f l h f S d b t p ibl y g b ck t t xt
.

1 u oss oe s a o o ur e
ose o e a u a e re a s .

f m y f th A w y f m h m ( i d ju —
.

“
th d e w or b th
s o a fg
e rs ,
“
e a ro o e c rre r eL a a e

f th f m y f th th gh l l m c p tl y v
,

w ord f th s o e a l
e rs o a er ou a o re or ess o rru sa e

Jcb a o .
f) A =d 5n u b é dldn e . n 6 o vv, rr e .
I 76 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P AT R IA RCH S
I take my food but I ga v e it to t h e p oor a n d sick 6 A n d ,
. .

I sought t h e Lord e a rly a n d I we p t for the Egy p tia n ,

wo m an of Mem p his for v ery u n ceasi n gly did sh e trou ble ,

m e for also at n ight she ca m e to m e u n der p rete n ce of

1
BA S
7 An d
. b e cau se she had n o b e ca u s e sh e had n o 7 And
.

m a le child she p re ten d e d to m ale child she p r e ten ded to

r e gard m e as a son r e ga rd m e as a son a n d so I .
,

p rayed to the Lord a n d she ,

bare a m al e child .

8 A n d for a ti m e she e m br a ced m e as a son a n d I kn e w

.
,

it n o t ; lh u t lat e r she s o ught to dra w m e in to forn icatio n

‘ ‘

, .

9 A n d whe n I p e rcei ve d it I sorrow e d u n to d e ath ; a n d

.

whe n sh e h a d go n e ou t I ca m e to m ys e l f a n d I la m e n t e d , ,

for her ma n y d a ys be ca u se I re cogn is e d h e r gu ile a n d h e r ,

dece it 1 0 A n d I decla red u n to h e r the words of the

. .

Most High if h a p ly sh e wou ld tu rn from h er e v il l u st

, .

I V O ft e n th e refore did sh e flatter m e with words as a

.
, ,

holy m a n a n d g u ile fu lly in her talk praise m y chastity

,

b e for e h e r h u sb a n d while d e siri n g to e n s n a re m e wh e n we ,

were lo e 2 For1 sh e la u ded m e O p e n ly as chaste a n d

a n r . .
,

in s e cr e t she said u n to m e F e ar n o t m y h u sb a n d ; for :

he is p e rs u aded con cer n i n g thy ch a stity : for e ve n shou ld

one tell h im co n cer n i n g u s h e wo u ld n ot b e li e v e 3 , . .

O wi n g to all th e se thi n gs I lay u p o n the gro u n d a n d ,

6 Th E gyp t i e w m f 11 m B t l t
an ( ) o d th t b S
an o 1 c u a er a a re a s
“
a e
1

Th i l k l i k fl t t xt fi lly f l t A ft
. .
,
”
p hi
“ “
s s oo s e a c on a e d e na a er, an a er
th i
. .
,
1 “ ”
F l ( d ) Bd A 8
or a s o a d . d -
re a an . s .

7 A d b n ( B b d A )
eca u s e b d S g h t t d a w ( qs h u -— d) ou o ra a e x er o a
d t fi t b c
. . .

1 “
re a d an a rs b f g8 e d d w
a u se a. e re a re

Th c t xt A wi h d t d w
.

A d I p b* °df “
n
y d t
so ra e e c e on e g s e o ra
i b tt w it h t th i c l
.
, .

s e er ou I m t my lf
s Cf L k xv 1 7
a u se . ca e o se . . u e . .

8 A d f n t im ( A)
or Bb a I V 1 Of t th ef
e ( ) B AS a. -
en , er or e a -
a
I

ti m b s f ti m h w ft
. . . . .

“ 1 “ “
re a d f or a e, d or a e re a o o en

th f ere o r e . 2 F ( ) BA S m . or a .
1
o .

1
B t I k w it
u tne b t l t P 3 L y p
no ; th g u d ( ) BA 8 a er er a u on e r ou n a

ck c l th
. .

h p w
.

“ “ ” ”
a s h ld e s d ou b t I k w t
re a dd i u d h ne no a n sa o an as es

ti ll l t th t Cf x i v 4
a er a . A) . . . .
I 7S T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
d e p art e d soothi n g m e with gifts a n d s e n di n g to m e e ve ry
, ,

d e light of the so n s of m e n .

V I A n d a ft e rw a rds s h e s e n t m e food m i n gl e d with

r .
1

e n cha n t m e n ts 2 A n d wh e n t h e e u n u ch who bro u ght

. .

it cam e I look e d u p a n d be h e ld a terrible m a n gi v i n g m e

,

with t h e dish a sword a n d I p e rceiv e d that ( her ) sche m e ,

w a s to b e g u il e m e 3 A n d rw h e n h e had go n e o u t 1 I . .

w e p t n or did I t a ste that n o r a n y oth e r o f h e r food 4

,
. .

So th e n a f ter o n e day sh e ca m e to m e a n d obser v ed t h e

food a n d said u n to m e : W h y is it that thou hast n o t e at e n
,

o f t h e f ood ? 5 A n d I said u n to h e r : I t is beca u se thou

.

h st fill e d it with
a rd e a dl y
1 e n ch a n t m e n ts ; a n d h o w saidst

thou : I co m e n o t n e ar t o idol s b ut to t h e Lord ra l on el ? /

,

6 Now th e r e fore k n ow that the God of m y f ath e r hath

.

r e v ealed u n to m e by His a n gel thy wick e d n ess a n d I hav e ,

k e p t it to con v ict the e if ha p ly tho u m aye st se e a n d re p e n t , .

l
BA S
7 . that tho u m aye st
Bu t 7 Bu t
. th a t thou m aye st
l e arn th a t t h e wick e d n ess le a r n th a t the wicke dn ess o f
of the u n godly hath n o t h e u n godly hath n o p ow e r
p ower o v e r th e m that wor o ve r th e m that worshi p G o d
s hi p G od with ch a stity , in ch a stity I took o f it a n d ,

b e hold I will tak e o f it a n d a t e befor e h er sayin g : Th e ,

e a t b e for e the e A n d ha v . God o f m y fath e rs a n d t h e

in g so s a id I p r a ye d th u s : , an g e l of A braha m shall be
Th e God o f m y fa th e rs a n d with m e .

t h e a n g e l of A br a h a m be ,

with m e ; a n d ate .

I
4 Sen d in g ever y d elig h t o f t he 4 A nd ( f g )
a A b d S re a d
cc i
. . .

s on s o f” m en ( Bd-
A Sl
) a. e v e ry a o r d n gl y

i t
. .

1
d el gh ( in 5 Dea dly en ch a n t me n t ( a )
s B A S .

t
.

“ ”
re a d dea h
VI 1 Af t er wa r d s (a ) Bd A c m
.
-

M
. . .

6 y f t e
a h r ( a B ) A r e a d s
“
my
f ft
. .

“
2 . It ( 0 B) . A re a d s t he oo d .
a h ers
”
.

( Her ) sche me w a s to beg u il e m e

’
H is a ng el ( a A ) Bd g re a d s an
.
-

B d A a bh
8
-
1
re a d ti h s ( b h er
“ a n ge l
”
.

s ch e me wa s t o b e gu l e i “
t h e soul 7 A n g el of A bra ha m Is h e Mic h a el
p c
. .

'
or the a nge l o f ea e 9
 JO SE PH —CH A P T E RS VI . I —V I I 4 . I 79

8 . An d this 1 she fe ll u p o n h e r fa ce at m y
rw h e n s h e sa w

fe e t w e e p i n g ; a n d I rais e d h e r u p a n d ad m on ish e d h e r
,
.

9 A n d sh e p ro m is e d to do this i n i qu ity n o m o r e
. .

5A 9
V II her heart was . Bu t n ev e r t h e V I I Bu t ( d A .
“

still set u p o n e v il a n d sh e l e ss ) her h e art was still s e t ,

”

look e d arou n d how to e n u p o n m e with a v i e w to lewd

s n ar e m e a n d sighin g de e p ly n ess a n d sighin g she b e ca m e
, ,

sh e b e ca m e dow n cast tho u gh dow n cast , .

she was n o t sick .

2 A n d wh e n h er h u sba n d saw her h e said u n to h e r : W h y

.
,

is thy c oun t e n an ce falle n A n d s h e s a id I u n to him l : I h a v e

a p ain at m y h e art a n d t h e groan i n gs of m y s p irit o pp r e ss ,

m e ; a n d s o he co m fort e d h e r who was n o t sick 3 Th e n . .

a ccordi n gly s e izi n g an o pp ort u n ity sh e r u sh e d u n t o m e

whil e h e r h u sba n d w a s yet witho u t a n d sa id u n to m e : I ,

will h a n g m ys e lf or ca st m ys e l f o v e r a cliff if tho u wilt , ,

n o t l ie with m e 4 A n d wh e n I saw t h e s p irit of Be l ia r . .

w a s tro u bli n g h e r I p rayed u n to t h e Lord a n d s a id u n to , ,

8 rW
Vh en s h e sa w t h is 1 sA s Sig h in g beca me d ow n ca s t s heIn
fi t t ti v v
. .

cm the rs no e on h s ers e , I ha e
tt ti iffic t
.

I “
W e ep in g ( a ) dr a w n a e n on t o t h e d
'

BS re a d an d sh e u l y of t he

pt pt t xt i t c pt
.

” “
we , A sh e we . e .A is h ere sl g h l y orr u , bu t
V II 1 Th e a re en s on r e s e n s n o c i p t w h e n e me n d e d z n ue bua n o vurre o o fio a

xc t
. .

d ifli c u lt y, e e p in t h e u se o f t h e w o r d é a r éva ife

'
.

o vvé rm rr e ( b e a m e
“
c wh h ic 2 Her h u s ba n d ( 6 d uryp a vr fis
.
‘

it r e a d s in om m o n w h BA S c 1
Th e it a A
bfg
‘

) B A b f g SI r e a d “ t h e E
gy an p ti
ti v t
.

a b sol u e u s e o f h s erb in t h e s en se man .

of
“
c t
t o b e d o wn a s ,
”
h a s o u rre d cc To hi m ( a ) B S om
A 1
. .

a lr e a d y in T Ze b x l , b ut is it W h o w a s n ot s ick ( a t; da de uo fia a v '

j tif it c it eu My ocs i
. . .

l
h a rd t o u s y He n e w h d w e BA S ) a re a d s
. Th s
iv c i t c p
.
.

sh o ul d h e re pp
su l y r 43 n poo cbm p ( A d e rge n e h a s a r sen h ro u gh a orru
su pp i
l e s n ue bna r t )i Th s a dd o n is iti ti
on in t h e He bre w Th e orm er : f
ic pp t c pt
.

pp t xt v
.

su o r e d by t h e n e e r se r t o vuérr eo e s5, wh h a aren l y w a s orru ed

T o n pba wrr bv o o u it fi 55” 5 i t

n o n p n, or .
1 « n o 51503 ( l a
1
t e

Deep ly buw s, w h h I
a. re a d s o vur ic Heb re w )
v t c pt
. .

ha e ak en t o b e orru f or o vur buws 3 Th en a ccor d in g ly s eiz in g a n op p or

c i t
.

t
.

I I ”
I n t e B S r e en s on s h e r e are
h A t u n i ty ( a ) B
d S rea d
-
“
h en ; d
m v i t ic i t
.

ah
a r a n s, w h h w ll n o w be d e al “ “
so e on e d a y A an d w h en I was
w ith i cc i n su e ss on . p i
a s s ng
”
”
A b * °d g “
a n d on the s e on d c
Set up on me w ith a view t o l ewd ne ss da y .

( b d g A ) a e f S1
rea d w a s se t u on p Ca s t my s elf over a cl i fi (
'

a a e f SI
)
tt c t fit
. .

Th e l a e r 6 (d ) g b *
m y se l
l e w d n e ss ( dKoh a o l a u) A re a d as n o a
it v t t vi cl iff
.

a gre e s w h a s a e h a a re a ds
“
e l
.
”
. w e ll or o v er a Aa h c t my l f
as se
it
,
”
( Ka KbV ) . n o a w e ll .
I 8O T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
her 5 W h y , rwretch e d
: wo m a n 1 art thou tro u bled a n d dis
.
,

t u rbe d, bli n ded thro u gh si n s ? Rem e m ber that if thou kill

thys e l f A st e h o t h e co n cu bi n e of thy h u sban d thy ri v al will
, , , ,

b e a t thy childre n a n d thou wilt d e stroy thy m e m orial fro m ,

o ff the e a rth 6 A n d sh e s aid u n t o m e : LO th e n tho u

. .
,

lo ve st m e ; let this s u ffice m e : o n ly stri v e for m y life ra n d

m y c h il dre n l a n d I e xp e ct th a t I sh a ll e n j oy m y desir e [a l s ol
,

7 Bu t sh e k n e w n ot that bec a u s e o f m y lord I s p a ke thus

.
,

a n d n o t b e c a u se o f h e r 8 F or if a m a n h a th fa lle n b e fore . .

the p a ssio n o f a wicked d e sire a n d b e co m e en sla ve d by it e v e n ,

a s s h e what e v e r good thi n g he m a hear with r gard to that

, y e

p a ssio n h e rece i ve th it with a v i e w to his wicked desir e

, .

V I I I I d e clar e ther e fore u n to y o u m y childre n that

.
, , , ,

it was a bout t h e si x th hou r wh e n sh e d e p a rt e d fro m m e ;

a n d I k n e lt before t h e Lord all t h e day a n d a ll t h e n ight ; ,

a n d a bo u t daw n I rose u p we e p i n g t h e whil e a n d p ra yi n g for ,

a rel e a s e fro m h e r 2 A t l a st th e n she laid hold o f m y . .

, ,

garme n ts forcibly dra ggin g m e to h a v e co n n e ctio n with h e r

, .

d A BS
3 . W he n ,
rt h e r e fo r e 1
,
I saw 3 h e n th e r e fore I saw
. W , ,

that in her m a d n e ss sh e th a t in h er m adn e ss s h e

was holdi n g fa st to my was holdin g fast by force
1
5 [ W r et che d w oma n l ( a ) B A S 8 I'Vi tht o t h a t p a s s ion ( at )
r eg a r d

it p i
. . . .

1
cm Ba g 8 re a d w h r e g a r d t o t h e a ss o n
-
“

A s t eh o ( a ) ef A b *
g rea d
“
A s it h o ic v qi
b y w h h h e is an u sh e d it A “w h
St p i v qi
.

”
b e ho . re g a r d t o t h e ass o n h e is an u sh e d .

Th y ch ild r e n ( a B) A re a d t hy Hi w i k d d i s ( A ) BS c e d es r e a
I
rea

ci t h w ic k d d i
. .

”
h ld . e e e s re .

Th ou w il t d es t r oy ( a Bn l ) bg -
V I I I 1 A d ll th igh t ( ) n a e n a

i t t g th w ith ll t h
. . . .

“ ” 1
sh e BA S
“
re a d sh e w l l d e s ro y A d re a o e er a e

t
d e s ro y s nigh t ( i i t h 5 Ka dfl ) . r T u V1 Kr a
‘
. o vv i as
pp
. .

6 L et t his s ufi ce m e H
’
on ly s tr ive f or gl m S th -
’
e re a uvoc / a s a e ars z ‘
o e

ti
. .

( )
a B A S I
r e a d “
h s (B d S I
om ) -
t l t f A t k it
rans a or o oo
ffic t t
. .

d t h E gy p ti
.

a l o n e ( A o m ) su es m e h a (a f om ) H ( ) Bd A S er a
I
rea
“
e an
t i
. . -
.
”
h o u s t rive s t fo r ( e me n d n g dun n o cfio a i w m o an
”

it it xxx i x 1 2 1 4 1 6
.

o f Bb n o d ur m o cfi w
-
h b A SI .
2 4 Cf G -
en -

if v
. . . .
, .

A n d [ h a ve ( a ) I ha e 3 [ Th er ef or el ( c B) h A om
“
a re a d s .

v v
. . .

”
B n
1 “
I h d A “
I ha e G a r men t He r e a re a ds Xir d wa
‘

a a e g
;
-

t f i iv
.
,

h e re ore . w h l e Bg e s l/Mi T LCL .

TA l s ol ( a ) B A SI
cm He ld f a s t t o my g a r men t n a ked

v t t ft
. . .

7 My l or d ( a Bd l
) d 1
r ea d -
So a r e a d s , s a e h a a er t h e w ord s
c t xt f v ft it i
. .

” “ ”
G od , but t h e on e a o u rs t h e I le be h n d a a dd s
“
an d

f o rme r . vi it
h a n g sh a k en ( ) o ff ( Ka i é xr w a gd
1 82 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA R CH S
IX . An d ofte n hath
sen t u n to m e sayi n g : Co n s e n t sh e

rt o fulfil m d e s ire l and I will rel e ase th e e fro m thy

y ,

bo n ds ra n d I will fr ee the e from the dark n ess 2 A n d

,
. .

n ot e v e n in tho u ght did I i n cli n e u n to her F or God .

lo v eth h im who in a den of darkn e ss co m bin es fa stin g .

with chastity rath e r th a n the m a n who in ki n gs cham bers ,

’

co m bin es l u x ury with licen ce 3 A n d if a m a n li veth in . .

chastity a n d desir eth also glory a n d the Most High

, ,

k n ow e th that it is e xp edi e n t for him He be st ow e t h this ,

also u p o n him e ve n as u p o n m e 4 How o ft e n 1 tho u gh , . .

,

sh e w e r e sick did sh e co m e dow n rt o m e 1 at u n lo c ked — ,

fo r
tim es a n d list e ne d to m y v oice a s I pra ye d ! A n d wh e n I
,

h e ard h e r gro a n in gs I h e ld my p e ace 5 I F orl wh e n I . .

was in her ho u s e sh e was wo n t to bare h e r ar m s a n d ,

bre sts d l e gs that I m ight lie with her ; for she was
a a n I ,
1
,

v e ry b e a u tifu l rs p l e n didly adorn e d1 in order to begu il e ,

me A n d the Lord guarded m e fro m h e r de v ice s

. .

X Y e se e th e re fore my childr e n how great thin gs

.
, , ,

p atien ce work e th a n d p ra ye r with fa sti n g 2 So ye too ,

. .
,

rif e f ollow a ft e r chastity a n d p u rity with p atie n ce a n d

y

IX Th e i i
o m ss on s by A in th i s 3 A n d if ( b
até— d e f) c b SI
rea d

ch p t c pt it
. . .

a e r a re ma n y 6 6e g 612‘ ( orru fo r s i M) ; h o m s
if c tit ti
.

2 . W ho combin es f a s t in g w it h
“
and in h as y d en re
( r 61!
ch a s t it y eu uno r e bovr a v e rs e
t t ii
.

/m
o we oo ring ) Con r a s T A sh 8 A n d t h e Mos t Hig h ( Bd l
) 0 -
.

ic t i if
. . . . . .

o wg bpo o bun, wh h m e an s ge n er a ll y r e a ds
“
t h e Mo s Hg h b “
an d

é m xpdr e t a r 631! é m dvua bv ( 4 Ma ce

’

i t h e Mo s H gh
”
t i
c tit v iii
. .

it
.

”
h e re me a n s h as y Cf 3, . . 5 A n d br ea s ts ( BA SI ) at o m s

xt
. .

x
. .

2 I mig h t l ie w ith h er Te re a d s

F a s tin g ( vno r e ifiovr a —Ba f SI ) ic

. . .

Th e -
p o vmréa w e l s a br fiv, a h r ase w h h h a s
f t i t l dy pp d i T J d x i 2 (BS )
.

m a n w h o a s s is h ere se t o er a ga n s v a re a a e a re n u
I

iv ic t
,

x iii 3 7 Th c pti i h t i
. . .

t h e m a n w h o l e s d e l a el y a f rea d e orru on n e r en n

c pt ti
.

t h i ph w t k t h v i i
.
, .

o r ru l y m o r e ifiovr a , a n d a s l l m o r e s ra s e e oo o a e a r s en n

s o 71 1 0 7 611 th H b w S t T J d e e re ee no e on u .

x iii 3
. . .

Who combin es l ux u ry w ith . .

’
l icen ce ( r ow Of Y m
’
r pv¢ c3vr a a e r cuco Sp l did ly d d t en a or n e e c o a

it i i d th t t h w if f
. .
,

h u a l a s) wh ere s sa a e e o

c
.

Kin gs h a mbers ( r a nd o m Ba a t h é wv P ti p h ch g d h g m t t wic

’

—
'
o ar an e er ar en s e

B b d -
S I
) 0 d r e a d “r a ue l ow Ba o i h éa d y i d t wi v J ph a a n or er o n o er o se
c c t t
. . .

Hen e t h e l a u se ra h er h a n in X 1 P y w ith f ti g Cf 4 ra er as n 111

c i ivi ic t
. .
,

iv 8
. . .

”
h a mb e rs a k n g l ng d e l a e l y,
i c
. .

”
h a mb e rs
“ ’
I
et c For k n gs b re a ds 2 S y BS d d y o e re a an e
i p c
.

th f
.

”
s m ly h a mb er s . b d) e re ore , .
 J O SE PH — CH A P T E R S IX . I —X 6 . I 83

p ra y e r with fa sti n g in h um ility o f h e a rt t h e Lord will ,

dw e ll am o g you becau s e He lo v eth chastity 3 A n d n ,

. .

wh e r e soe v e r t h e Most High dwe ll e th e v e tho u gh en v y or ,

n ,

sl a ve ry or sla n der be fa lleth ( a m a n ) t h e Lord who dw e lle th

, ,

in him for t h e sak e of his chastity n o t o n ly1 d e li ve re th him

,

fro m e v il I bu t a lso e x alteth h im e ve as m e 4 F or in

,
n . .

e v e ry way t h e m a n 1 is li fted u p wh e th e r in d e e d or in , ,

word or i tho u ght ,

5 My br e thr e n k n ow how m y
n . .

fath e r lov e d m e a n d ye t I did n ot e x alt m yself [in m y ,

m i dl : altho u gh I w a s a child rI had t h e fe ar of God in

n ,

m y b e e r bl ; for I k n e w th a t all thi n gs wo u ld p ass a w a y .

6 A n d I did
. ot rais e m ys e lf ( a gai n st th e m ) with e v il
n

i n te t bu t I ho n o u r e d m y bre thr e n ; a n d o u t of r e s p e ct
n ,

for th e m e v e wh e n I was b e i n g sold I r e frai n ed fro m

,
n ,

tellin g t h e I sh m ae lit e s th a t I w a s the son of J acob a ,

gre a t m a n a n d a m ighty .

ti g ( ) BS m H I t k e I ‘

P y w it h f
ra er é n pfln é
as n a gb o rr u V e re a e u Ka x
ibl y t h w d it i m i ddl
. .

P oss e or m d é fipdn i
s a re an n r u s on 3, an n
’
u n a e s e n se

f m Th i i t f ct y d t h th
.

ro 1 v er t s s no sa is a or an e o er

di g c p t Th BA 8 d
. .
,

3 Wh t h Ill t Hig h d w l l t h
er es oever e os e e re a n s a re orru us
1
re a

Th i c l w ll w ith
. . .

'
h ( fl t )
’ 3
s d t
au se g oe s p no éa b a re e 5 e ea er o w/ a vr u c on a e 01 K ( 1!

w h t f ll w m b t b t
’

gi
’ ’‘

a o o s pé pp é q r c a vr c se e s es u eu Ka x a

c p ti f éu b wh ich
.
,

E th g h
ven y ou b f l l him m y b
e nv e a a e a o rru on or a vr v,

( ) BS
a d v th gh m BA S d ; w l d th w
I
rea
“
e en ou m S a an
1
re a c ou en :
e: ‘
nn fi R
f ll i t t l t w g ly t k t h
.

a y n o l v y env l d wh
or th s a er o r s an er, ere e ran s a or ron oo e

v b p i v ly Th BA S ( éu p
, ,
1 ’

or d k ar n ess er a ss e en er o vu

Cf i 7 mm c pti f t h
. .

D li the t ver e e c éa b ) w a vr u 2
a s: a orr u on o e

Cf i 7 f m H c w
, . . . .
,

E lt th xa e d I d id t or er en e e re a
“
no

4 I h v i th t l ti f ll w d x lt my lf B t th i it w i ll b
. . . . .

”
a e n e r an s a on o o e e a se u s, e

t h t x t f Bb g S v th t f vd i p titi f cl i
. .

I
e e o -
ép b sa e a o r o vv o se r e s a re e on o a a u se n

( f I h v w ith d H c it m y b d itt g p h y
, ,

x er o u a e d w a 5 e r ea o e ve r en e a e a o ra

t l t bl d N x t if t h g ti v i t igi l w
. .
. .

n a ip i
er a i a s u n ra n s a a e, n vr a s e e ne a e s no or na e

m i g h t xp l i w c p ti
.
, ,

mm
’

y ap d dp épx wh '
u un ro v s o vv e r a z, e re e a n a s: o sas a orru on
'
O vv épx mm w h ich m y b c
er a L p t f w m m I k p t my l f q i t a e o r ru o a s: a a e se u e
”

t xt i t h ph i P c xxx i 2 w h ic h t h
, ,

for =é lp
n3 3~ B t th 1ra er a a u e e s e ra s e n s e

q it c t i bg S d éx d V lg t if it w
. .
,
I
u e un er a n LX X rea d o vu er a i . an u a e re n er as er e

P h p th i it t h c t x t
.

I did t l t m y lfno Cf xv ii 8
ex a se
‘
nnnn er a s s su s e on e

b t I k pt q i t
.
. . . .

5 I h d th f r G d i m d h d my es e u e an o n o u re
f a y e ea r o o n
b th
.

it t i c
.

h ea r l
t Th h A m hou l o t s re re n , e c
g s a u se , .

it i pp t d b y t h p ll l i m
.

I
s su or e E ( ) BA S m e a ra e s ven a c .

BA S
.

v p ll l xp i cc
.

I
M ore o er , a ara R ef e i d f m t ll i g ( )
e r e ss o n o u rs ra n e ro e n a

c ( 6y
.

i xi 1 my
’

)
“
n . .
dd a ra e r e y o s ,u o v .

b ( h BA S ) m h I h* Cd
J A a g o
A ll t hi g ( d A ) B f d
n s d a a
—
-
re a r a co . c .

t
.

d ur a th w ld
“
f lel h M
or ig h t y ( d fi B A S) d
“
a e se uua r o
l
a re a s

j t ( d t ) P ibl y b th
n
.

th i g n s us
”
uca o n os s o ar e

Th i w d i
.
.

6 I did i m y lf ( g i t d i g f d d re n er n s o a
v
s or s re n e re
t no r a se g se a a ns .

c i t h LXX f P v xv ii 7
.

t h m ) wi t h
e il i t t S ev by n en . o as a n e o ro . . .
1 84 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
XI also there fore m y childre n rh av e the fe a r of
. Do ye , , ,

God in all you r works before you r eyes a n d1 hon our you r ,

bre thre n For e v e ry o n e who do e th t h e l a w of the Lord

.

shall be lo v ed by Him 2 A n d wh e n I cam e to the . .

I n docolp it ae with the I sh m a e lit e s th e y ask e d m e sayi n g , ,

A rt th o u a sla v e ? A n d I said that I w a s a ho m e bor n -

sl a v e that I m ight n o t pu t m y bre thre n to sham e 3

, . .

A n d the eldest of th e m said u n to m e : Thou art n ot a sl a ve ,

for e v e n thy app e a ran ce doth m ake it m a n i fe st Bu t I .

said that I w a s rt h e ir1 slave 4 Now wh e n we cam e . .

i n to Egy p t they stro v e con ce rn in g m e which of th e m ,

sho u ld bu y m e a n d tak e m e 5 Th e re fore it seem e d good . .

to all that I shou ld re m ain in Egy p t with t h e m erch a n t of

their trad e u n til they shou ld r e t u r n brin gin g m erchan dise
, .

6 A n d the Lord ga v e m e fa v o u r in the e yes of the

.

m ercha n t a n d h e e n tr u sted u n t o m e his ho u s e

, 7 An d . .

God bl e ss e d h im by m y m e an s a n d i n creas e d him in gold ,

a n d sil v e r I a n d in hous e h o ld s e rv a n t sl 8 An d I wa s . .

with h im thre e m o n ths a n d fi ve d a ys .

X I I A n d abo u t th a t ti m e t h e Me m p hia n wo m a n the

.
,

XI 1 My ch ildr en ( a dA a 13 * c d
) 3 Doth ma ke i t ma n if es t ( a ) BA S1
c c i t
. . . . .

d A b f g om a dd h ee An d h e
B - on e r n n g

t t t
. .

Bef or e y ou r ey es h b om . . h r e a e n e d m e ru n o d e at h l .

2 W he n I ca me t o t h e I n d ocolp it a e 4 W hich of th em e t c ( a BSI ) A .

c f p t
. . . . .

w it h t he I s h ma elit es ( Bd S1 ) 0 re a d s -
re a d s a n d e a h o f er e d ar o f h is

c i t t i tt
.

c i t
.

“
w h e n I w as o m n g wi h t h e I sh m a e l m er h a n d s e h a h e m gh ak e m e

it es
”
A “
w h en I ame w h h em t o c it t “
by ur h ase p c l Aa h
( ) ) .

t h e I n d oco l p it ae 5 Th e mer ch a n t
c t
. .

I I
Bd S re a d a m e r h a n
“
Sa yin g : A r t t h ou a s l a ve ? ( a ) BS -

t i
. .

om A re ads an d sa d : art h ou a 6 G a ve m e f a vou r in t h e ey es Th e

f xxx i x
.

f
.

v p
.

sl a e or a r e e m a n ? h r a se is ro m G e n 21 Cf
cc i ii
. . . .

A o rd n g t o t h e Book o f a sh ar J 3
ii
. .

( Dict d es Ap ocr 1 1 8 7) os e h s J p ’
7 Go d ( f)
a a
B af A S
I
re a d -

t c t t t J p
. . . . .

“
b ro h ers o n en d e d ha ose h w a s t h e Lo r d
t i v t
.

1
h e r sl a e w h e n h ey s ol d h im t o t h e G ol d a n d s ilver ( a d ) Bd 8 re a d -

i i it iv
.

M d an es
”
. s l e r an d g old .

A h ome bor n s l a ve ( a a f )
-
He r e A n d in h ou seh ol d ser va n t s a re a d s
xv ii
.

c p ti
.

'
o iKo v n 3 1 S Cf G e n 12 ‘
Ka i épy go ép yov = n
‘
on o f
~ ~ ~

i o rru
‘
i ng , a
t i
. .

v
. . .
.

b d e A SI r e a d h e r h o me b orn sl a e
I p u t my br eth r en t o sh a me Cf
-
.

n ny
g hen c e my re n d e r n g i .
BA S1

x 6, 3, xv 3, 1 xvi xvii
ose h J p
. .

om itt d e t he ph ra s e p r ob a bl y as u n n i
xt i
. . . . .

t e l lig ibl e
w as e o l l e d b y t h e Ra bb s f o r h is
.

v ti
d e o o n t o h is b ro h e rs ( Ta n , W a y e s t F ive d a y s ( Bd A SI ) a om s -
. it .

it
.

h e b 2 O s e e J e w ish E n cy c V 11 . . XII 1 A n d ( a a d f g ) b e 8 1
. . . om .
I 86 T E STA ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R IA RCH S
( fo r he was third in ra n k o f t h e o fficers of Pharaoh ) 6 . .

A n d h e took m e a p a rt fro m h im a n d said u n to m e : A rt ,

thou a slav e or fre e ? A n d I said : A sla v e 7 A n d he . .

said : W hose ? A n d I said : Th e I sh m a e lites 8 A n d he

’
. .

said : How didst thou b e com e their sla v e ? A n d I s a id :

They bo u ght m e o u t o f the la n d of Ca n a a n 9 And he . .

said u n to m e : Truly thou lie st ; a d st ra igh t wa y1 h e

r
’

l ‘
n

co mm an d e d m e t o be stri pp ed a n d b e ate n .

X I V Now t h e Me m p hia n wo m a n was lookin g throu gh

.

a wi n dow ra t m e while I was b e in g bea t e n for her h ou se w a s ,

n e ar a n d sh e se n t
,
u n to h im s a yi n g ] : Th y j u dgm e n t is ,

u n just ; fo r th o u dost p u n ish a rfr e e l m a n who hath be en

stol e n a s tho ugh h e w e r e a tr a n sgr e ssor 2 A n d wh e n I

,
. .

m ad e n o ch a n g e in m y stat e m e n t rthou gh I w a s beate n 1 he , ,

o rd e r e d m e t o be i m p riso n ed u n til h e said t h e own ers o f , , ,

t h e boy sho u ld co m e 3 A n d the wo m a n said u n to h e r . .

h u sb a n d : W h e re fore dost tho u de t a i n t h e cap ti ve a n d

w e ll born lad in bon ds who o u ght r a ther to be set a t
-
,

Th ir d in ra n k of th e officer s of 1
X IV 1 A t m e w hi l e I w a s being
i
. .

‘
P h a r a oh ( r pir os eu ciEa ba a r L n a pci bea t en ( a a d g ) b e f re a d “
w h le I
i t
.

r cbu <I> a a d2 d xbvr wv a) He r e n a pd

’

p p
fl
w a s be n g b e a e n
— D u se d in a a r p titi v
. .

I
e sen se A F or h er h ou s e w a s n ea r ( a ) B A S
[
it
. .

h is ra n k w asPh a r a oh sec d t
on o om .

ti it t
.

I
Bre a d s , h r d in r a n k w h Ph a ra oh , Un t o h im ( )
a .
BS re a d un o he r
fic
( a s ) o f er o f a l l t h e e u n u h s ( r a pa r ig c ”
h u sb a n d
”
.

e fiuo zfixwv ) Th y u d g men t h h SI

(
’
(Pa a cb d v n o wr wu r 631! b A
p px w j 0. ) Bb -

vi iv c c i j t
.
,

h a n g w es and on ub n e s an d A a w e d f g re a d t he u dg m e n Th e s e
ci t xt c it t ti v
.

”
h ld ren Th e e o f Bse e ms l e ar l y w o r d s w h t h e re s of h s e r se a r e

c p c t p ft fi tc
.

se o n d a r y Th e h r ase o l ogy re a l s t h e ra n s os e d b y A a er t h e rs l a u se
v
.

w o r d s in Da n
“
7 s h a ll rul e a s on e o f v er 3

t i
. . . .

o f h re e in t h e k n gd o m Th ou d os t p u n is h a s t h ou gh h e
it tf
.

6 A n d ] sa id a om s wh a oll o w s .
w e re a t ra n sg r essor ( BA SI sa e h a A v t t
i
. .

to an d I s a d
”
in v er 8 . .
re a d s
“ ”
t ti
d o s d e a n f or “ d o s u n sh tp i
7 A n d h e s a id and I sa id a re a d s orru c pt
l y r t uwpij o a i d6is
i t
.

I “
( Bb S ) b A re a d a n d h e sa d u n o
-

2 fil e (a a b A ) d e f y re a d
v t i
.
. us . .

me W h o s e s l a e a r t h ou ? a n d I s a d h * ”
Un t il b ef g A a dc s a id h e
t
ru n o h im l
”
.
.

O wn er s of t h e boy ( a Bn l ) dgA -
.

He sa id ( Bb g ) 1
.

8 b A S b i‘c d ”
m y (g A
-
’
re a d a
h is ) o w n e rs
i i t
. .

” ”
3 om
.

a ga n b) h e s a d u n o m e ( A
t
.
I
3 Th e w oma n ( a e f g S ) a bd A
me
if
. .

un o ”
I re a d h is w e
La n d of Ca n a a n ( c Bb A S ) b
.
-
.

re a d s Ca n a a n Her h u sba n d ( ) a .
B S
A 1
re a d

it
.

I
om h im
9 Tr u ly ( a ) B A S .

it it
. . .

I 1
om om
rI
St r a ig h tw a y ( a g ) By A S . . n bon d s 1 ( ) a .
BA S .
 JO SE PH — CH A P T E RS x i i i 6—X IV 7 . . 1 87

li b e rty , and For s h e wish e d to se e m e

be w a it e d u p o n ? 4 .

o u t of a d e sir e ro f s in l bu t I was ig n ora n t c o n c e r n i n g a ll ,

th e s e thin gs 5 A n d he said to her : I t is n ot t h e cu sto m o f

. .

t h e Egyp ti a n s to t a k e aw a y th a t which b e lo n g e th to oth e rs

b e fore p roo f is gi v e n 6 This ther e fore h e s a id co n ce rn i n g . .
, ,

t h e m e rch a n t ; b u t a s fo r the l a d h e m u st b e i m p riso n e d ,

.

X V Now a ft e r fo u r a n d tw e n ty d a ys cam e t h e I sh m a el
.

it e s ; for th e y h a d heard that J acob rm y fa ther1 w a s m o u rn

in g rm u ch 1 con cern i n g m e A n d th e y c a m e a n d said u n to m e .

2 How is it th a t tho u s a idst th a t thou wast a sla v e ? a n d

.

lo w e h a ve l e arn t th a t th o u art t h e so n o f a m ighty m a n

,

in t h e l a n d o f Ca n a a n a n d t h y f ath e r rs t ill 1 m o u r n eth fo r ,

th e e in s a ckcloth ran d a sh e sl 3 I W h e n I h e ard this m y . .

b o w e ls wer e dissol ve d a n d m y h e art m e l t e dl a n d I d e sir e d ,

gr e atly to we e p bu t I r e stra i n e d m ys e l f that I sh o u ld n o t , ,

p u t m y br e thre n t o sh a m e rA n d I s a id u n to th e m I .
,

k n ow n o t I a m a sla v e l 4 The n rt h e r e fore l th e y to o k

,
. .
, ,

co u n se l to sell m e th a t I sho u ld n o t be fo u n d in th e ir ,

h a n ds 5 For th e y fe ar e d m y fa th e r lest h e rsho u ld

. .
,

co m e a n d1 e x e cu t e u p o n th e m a gri e v o u s ve n g e a n ce For .

th e y h a d h e ard th a t h e w a s m ighty with God a n d with

m en 6 Th e n said the m e rch a n t u n to th e m : R e l e a s e m e
. .

fr om t h e j u dgm e n t o f Pe n t e ph ri 7 A n d they ca m e a n d . .

W it d p ( ) w it d my h t m lt d ( )
1 1
BA S
“
a e d u di l d
on a r ea a ss o ve an ea r e e a

p th ibl y BA S m it
. .

1
u on P 3 i i
ee . o ss x 11 s n o

f v f t h l tt di g Cf x i 2
. .

a our o P t my b t h
e a t h m
e r re a n u re r en o s a e

t
. . . . .

4 Cf iii 8 U t th m (h d ) d n o e c re a s un o

m it
. . . . .

5 H B dA d th M m h im b f 8 h re a “ 1
'

er a e e a e o

ph i w m BA S m it
.
, .

r 1 I
an o an 4 Th f ( ) ere or e a o

( ) BA S m it
. . . .

6 Th f r
er e or e1 5 My f th ( ) a
BA S d 1
o a er a
1
rea

XV 1 F t h y h d h d Jcb
. . . . .

”
or e a ear a o

d h vi g h BA S m it
. . .

1 “ I
m
r
BA 8 d rea d A Sh ld an d ( ) a n e a rt ou co e an
1
a o

th y w i t h l d f Th t x t
. .

“
a d cwh en G i g e e re d n e an o r e vou s ven ea n ce . e e re a s
”
C an a a n é dl n 59 I 55 h K /c ow Kit/ 1 11 012 s Ira/ 1 11 01; e re a

BA S m it d i g f S m ch
. .

1
lI xh ( ) uc a
p y m d o r en er n o a r: a s a u s re n e rs

it i G xl ii 4
. .

A d th y n m d id ( A ) e ca e an sa 0. b n en ?

m ) th y
. .

db 1
d ( Bd 8 “
d th 1 1 “
BA S G d ( g) Bg A S
‘

re a an -
c e o a .
re a e

id
. .

sa L d or

mit
. .

2 F th bd g A 6 P t p h i ( d) d P b o “
or ee f en e r a a re a en

( ) BA S m it Th
. . . . .

'
l I ”
A d h n as t ip h
e s1 b g P t ph ia o e re , e e e r

p b bly i t i th y
. . .

I “
w d or s a re 7 A d th y ( )
ro a Bg S dan n ru s o n n e a -
re a e
th f b f
. . .

”
d t hi my b w l w h im
r
3 IV . I h hen A ea r s o e s er e er e o re , e o re .
1 88 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L E V P A T R I A R CH S
re qu e sted m e s a yi n g : rSa yl that thou wast bou ght by ,

u s with m o n e y a n d he will se t u s fr e e , .

X V I Now the Me m p hia n wo m a n said to her husb a n d :

.

Bu y the yo u th ; for I hear said she that they are sellin g , ,

him .

2 . straightway she
An d sen t a e un u ch 2 . An d sh e

s e n t a e u n u ch to t h e I sh to t h e I sh m ae l ites a n d
m a e lit e s a n d a sk e d th e m to ,
ask e d th e m to sell m e Th e .

sell m e 3 Bu t sin ce t h e . chie f ca p t a in t h e re for e called

.
, ,

e u n u ch wo u ld n ot agr e e to t h e I sh m a e li t e s a n d asked
bu y m e ( a t their p rice ) he th e m to sell m e 3 rAn d . .

r e tur n e d h a v i n g m a d e trial ,
si n ce he did n ot a gr e e ( to
of them a n d h e m ad e ,
th e ir p rice ) h e de pa rt e dl .

k n own to his m istre ss th a t Bu t t h e e u n u ch rw h e n he ,

th e y aske d a large p rice for h a d m ad e trial o f the m1 ,

their sla v e m ad e k n o w n to his m istr e ss

.

th a t th e y ask e d a large p rice

rfor th e ir s l a v e l .

4 rA n d she se n t a n oth e r eu n u ch 1 sayi n g : E ve n thou gh

.
,

th e y d e m a n d two m i n ae rgive t h e m fi do n ot s p a re rt h e ,

gold ; o n ly buy the boy a n d bri n g h im to m e ,

.

r ’a
S yl ( f S) b d g A m it
a a e t l
ll m ( fA 8 v A d o o se e a e
1
sa e re a s

m ch t I h m l it
. .

Th w out b g h t by w it h m
as y ou f us on e er an s or s ae es

( Bb d
a -
A w b gh t ( A th b d g m it t he gh h mt
ou a h ou 6 o ro u

y b gh t h im w ith
.

b gh t t
ou A es h B t th eh wh ou h h d m d u e eu n u c en e a a e
,

v
,
”
m on ey t i l f th m m d k w ( b g S r a o e a e no n e
I
sa e
th t mit b t d g d
.
,
’‘

A d h willn t f
e (d se us r eed e t va s a e o s u an r ea s an

) Afl ( h d h fi ) iyu i c f it ) f mit t h b t ( oé) d

oat rr o oat
’

cs or a o e u an

éx — ) w i ll c ct th w d w it h w h t p
.

’
1 “
eL a
f S d d h a e re a an e onn e e se or s a re

f (d hu ) bd g cd ch did t
.

“
se t us re e d n o d th
o et an e es , an as e e un u no

f d t h m ch t g (t th i p ic ) h d p t d w h
,
“
h e set Aus re e , an e er an a re e o e r r e e e ar e en

se t A )fus Th i gi l h h d m d t i l f t h m d h
a b 11 re e e or na e a a e r a o e an e

i g f t h t x t i q it c t i d gi v p c li t xt
.

”
m ean n o m d k
e e s u e un er a n . a e n ow n es a e u ar e

pp t b i d i g 6 6e b
.
,

X V I I S id t h h b d B y b t
a o er us a n u u su or s n re a n e u

i t ct d fix Th t x t i v y c t i
. .

I
th y th ( )
“
e ou
Bd S d a .
-
rea n s ru e o o s. e e s er un er a n .

( t onh w ) h oe h b d t b y m er 4 Mi us BA S dd
an f g ld
o u e nas
l
a o o .

pp t b t h q i
. .

H i nh é m ( péx 56 l
‘

e re ( ac a Gi tt e a rs o e e e u va r ve r a er e c a, 9
len t f ¢p i o A t t h d ) b f g d pb x t k c
c oa u se n o er e re a w oe e
“
a e are
”

h b d th t h
. .

2 bh l 1
us an h ld b y m a h D e t p s ( g A
ou ) b f S
u e o no s a re ca a
a e
m it th t t h d f t h
.

p
.

o b y th y
s u e d t t
ou o e en o e re a no o s ar e

T t m t d l l f t h T t B j mi
.

es a en an T
a m o 5 Th e h th f
es en a n o e e eu n u c ere or e

BA S m it
. . . .

l
2 Th . h ief pt i e c k d th m w t ( )
ca a n as e e en a . o .
1 90 T E ST A ME NTS O F T HE T W E L V E P AT R IA R CH S
s u ff e r e d the m n o t to be a fflicted e v e n in t h e s m allest
m att e r ; a n d a l l th a t w a s in m y h a n d I ga v e u n to th e m .

7 A .
r n d 1 their childre n wer e m y childr e n a n d m y childre n ,

as their s e r v an ts ; a n d their life was m y life a n d all their ,

s u ffe ri n g was m y s u ffe ri n g ran d all th e ir sick n e ss w a s m y ,

in fi r m it yl My la n d was th e ir lan d a n d th e ir co u n s e l m y
.
,

co u n sel 8 A n d I e x alt e d n ot m ysel f am o n g th e m rin

. .

a rrog a n ce1 b e ca u se of m rw orldl 1 glory I bu t I was a m o n g

y y ,

th e m a s o n e of t h e l e a st l .

X V I I I I f ye a lso th e re fo r e walk in the comm an d m e n ts

.
, ,

o f the Lord m y childre n He will e x alt y o u th e r e a n d will

, , ,

bl e ss you with good thi n gs for e ve r a n d e ve r 2 rA n d if . .

an o n e s e e k e th to do e vi l u n to o u do w e ll u n t o h im a n d
y y , ,

p ra y for h im a n d ye shall be r e de e m e d of t h e Lord from ,

a ll e v il 1 3 rFo r l b e hold ye s e e that Iou t of m y h u m ility

. .
, ,

an d l on g s u ffe ri n g1 I took u n to wi fe the da u ght e r of

-

t h e p ri e st o f H e lio p olis A n d a h u n dr e d t a le n ts o f gold .

were gi v e n m e with h er a n d t h e Lord m ade the m to serve ,

‘

7 ( ) B
'

S 1
IA n d l
A om c it w ith t h t f e re s o ou r au th th ic lor s e a
—
. . .

Th eir l if e w a s my l if e ( BSI ) CA t ch i g O f T G
ea n a d vi v1 1
if t i if
.

) BS mit
. . . . .

re a d my l e w a s h e r l e 3 My h mility u a nd ( c
I
o

m it v
. . . .

A n d my l a n d w a s t h eir l a n d ( b d g A , a o 3 4
s e rs

t p ti c f
.
, .

b ut A ra n s ose s h s l a u se b e ore Th d g ht
e au er B a S d v
I
r ea e en
t i i
-

gh t
an d al l h e r s u ff e r n g c a ef th d e au er
”

it
.

om
P r ies t of H el iop olis Cf J u b
.

t
. .

A nd th eir co un s el my cou n s el ( 0 d g )
o f m y m a s e rs
1
c t i c x1 1 0 B A S re a d
.

a -

t J
. .

b e f S1 re a d m y o u n se l h e r o u nse l
(d g La er u d a is m w a s
c
.

A hz w as t he ou n se l of
it i J p
'

on e us
o ff e n d e d w h t h e m a rr ag e o f ose h
a ll .

t t pi t
t o t h e d a u gh er o f a h e a h en r es ,
8 I w a s a m on g t h em a s on e of t h e
.

xxii p t t t
a n d re re se n s A se n a h a s a d a ugh e r
2 7 I a m a m on g
i S c t
“
l ea s t Cf Lu k e
o f D na h o f h e h em Se e m y n o e
t t vt
. .