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Signal Rectification
Signal Rectification
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Signal Rectification
An important application of junction diodes is signal
rectification.
Ideal +
+
vS (t ) ½ Wave vO (t )
-
Rectifier −
vO
⎧0 for vS < 0
⎪
vO = ⎨
1
⎪v for vS > 0
⎩S
vS
vs(t)
vS (t ) = A sinωt
t
0
-A
t
0
vS(t)
-A
T
1
VS = ∫vS (t ) dt
T 0
T
1
=
T ∫ A sin ωt dt = 0
0
T
1
VO = ∫vO (t ) dt
T 0
T
T
1 2
1 A
=
T ∫ A sinωt dt +
0
T T
∫ 0 dt =
π
2
v
A vO (t)
VO = A π
t
Q: I see. A non-zero
-A DC component eh? So
refresh my memory,
why is that important?
A Power Supply
+ vDi − +
+
vS(t) R vO (t)
-
vO
⎧0 for vS < 0
⎪
vO = ⎨
⎪v for vS > 0 1
⎩S
vS
+ +
vD(t)
+
vS(t) R vO (t)
-
vO
⎧vS − 0.7 for v S > 0 .7
⎪
vO = ⎨
⎪ 0 for v S < 0 .7 1
⎩
vS
0.7 V
Note that this result is slightly different from that
of the ideal half-wave rectifier! The 0.7 V drop
across the junction diode causes a horizontal “shift”
of the transfer function from the ideal case.
So, let’s consider again the case where the source voltage is
sinusoidal (just like the source from a “wall socket”!):
vs(t) vS (t ) = A sinωt
0.7 t
-A
v
A
vO (t)
0.7 t
vS(t)
-A
A
VO ≈ − 0.35 V
π
Ideal +
+
vS (t ) Full-Wave vO (t )
-
Rectifier
vO
t
0
vS(t)
-A
T
1
VO = ∫vO (t ) dt
T 0
T
1 2
1
T
2A
=
T ∫ A sinωt dt −
0
T ∫ A sinωt dt =
T π
2
v vO (t)
A
VO = 2A π
t
-A
Q: Wow! Full-wave
rectification appears to
be twice as good as half-
wave. Can we build an
ideal full-wave rectifier
with junction diodes?