A

Mini Project Report-2

On

TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN
EDUCATION INDUSTRY

-:SUBMITTED TO:-

Department of Management Studies, H R Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad

affiliated to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow for the
partial fulfillment of the award of the Degree of Master of Business
Administration

-:GUIDED BY:-

Internal Guide
Dr. Lalan Tripathi
(Assistant (Professor)
HRIT, Ghaziabad

-:SUBMITTED BY:-
Gaurav Sharma
MBA – IInd. Semester
Roll No: 2201940700013

H R INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GHAZIABAD

(2022-24)
 HRIT Group of Institutions (Department of MBA)
(ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute)
7th KM. STONE, DELHI-MEERUT ROAD, GHAZIABAD (U.P)-201003

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Mr. Gaurav Sharma is a bonafide student of MBA-IInd. Semester batch
(2022-24) of HR Institute of Technology Ghaziabad and has undertaken Mini Project-2
“Technological Advancement In Education Industry” during the study of the IInd. semester.

Name of Internal Guide Prof. Ajay Gangele

Dr. Lalan Tripathi Head- Department of Management
(Assistant Professor)
Date: Date:

2
 Department of MBA
HRIT Group of Institutions
(An ISO 9001:2008 Certified Institute)
7th KM. STONE, DELHI-MEERUT ROAD, GHAZIABAD (U.P)-201003

Student’s Undertakings
I, Gaurav Sharma having Roll No. 2201940700013 hereby declare that:

(i) I am a student of MBA 2022-24 batch, studying in IInd. semester.

(ii) This Mini Project Report-2 titled “Technological Advancement In Education In-
dustry” is based on my own work carried out during IInd. semester study and sub-
mitted for the partial fulfillment of the award of the Degree of Master of Business
Administration from Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam Technical University, Lucknow.

I further declare to the best of my knowledge and belief that this mini project
report does not contain any part of any work which has been submitted for the award
of any other degree/diploma/certificate in this Institute or any other Institute.

Signature:
Name : Gaurav Sharma
Roll No.: 2201940700013

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 ACNOWLEGEMENT

I am using this opportunity to express my gratitude to everyone who supported me throughout

the course of this M.B.A. project. I am thankful for their aspiring guidance invaluably
constructive criticism and friendly advice during the project work. I am sincerely great full to
them for sharing their truthful and illuminating views on a number of issues related to the project.
I express me warn thanks to Dr. Lalan Tripathi for their support and guidance at online
appointment of this app.
I would also like to thank all the people who provided me with facilities being required and
conductive conditions of my M.B.A. Mini Project.
Thank you,

Gaurav Sharma
MBA-II Sem.

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 Executive Summary
The present study on the issues of reforms in the Indian vocational education and training (VET)
has been undertaken at a time when the country faces both opportunities and challenges in
India’s growth story. While the opportunities are in terms of a demographic dividend, the
challenges are posed by persisting skill gaps: hardly 2 per cent of the Indian workforce has
formally acquired skills and another 2.4 per cent workers have some technical education. It is
estimated that nearly 291 million workers are required to be skilled by 2022 if India is to be a
leading manufacturing economy in the world. A drastic restructuring of the Indian VET has been
suggested as one of the key conduits through which the persisting skills gaps could be plugged
and inclusive growth could be pursued in the midst of a demographic and structural economic
transformation. The present study engages with this question by offering a reform agenda but
through the adoption of certain critical elements of the historically successful German dual
system (i.e. the combination of practical and theoretical vocational training). As Euler (2013)
suggests, the dual principle is a core element of dual system, it may well work in other
vocational educational models as well. However, the Indian labor market requirements and skill
needs raise concerns that go beyond Euler’s suggestions.

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 LIST OF CONTENT: -
S.NO. TITLE PAGE NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 7

2 INDUSTRY BACKGROUND 8
3 EDUCATION INDUSTRY ANALYSIS 10

4 TIME LINE OF EDUCATION INDUSTRY 11

5 OBJECTIVE OF EDUCATION INDUSTRY 12

6 SWOT ANALYSIS 13

7 CHALLENDES FACED BY EDUCATION INDUSTRY 14

8 HOW INDUSTRY OVERCOME FROM THEIR ISSUE 16

9. AI Is Changing The Education Industry 18

10. EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES 20

11. EVOLUTION OF USE OF TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRY /Top 29

Educational Technology Trends in 2021-2022

12. UPCOMING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN INDUSTRY 40

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 INTRODUCTION
Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values,
morals, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include teaching, training, storytelling,
discussion and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of
educators, however learners can also educate themselves. Education can take place in formal or
informal settings and any experience that has a formative effect on the way one thinks, feels, or
acts may be considered educational. The methodology of teaching is called pedagogy.

Formal education is commonly divided formally into such stages as preschool or kindergarten,
primary school, secondary school and then college, university, or apprenticeship. There are
movements for education reforms, such as for improving quality and efficiency of education
towards applicable relevance in the students' lives and efficient problem solving in modern or
future society at large or for evidence-based education methodologies. A right to education has
been recognized by some governments and the United Nations. Global initiatives aim at
achieving the Sustainable Development Goal 4, which promotes quality education for all. In
most regions, education is compulsory up to a certain age.

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 2.INDUSTRY BACKGROUND
The Educational Services Industry is composed of establishments that provide instruction and
training on a wide variety of subjects.

These institutions, including schools, colleges, universities and training centers, are either
privately or publicly owned. Private institutions may be further classified as "for-profit" or "not-
for-profit". We report on publicly traded, for-profit schools that have a focus on post-secondary
education. According to the most recent data provided by the U.S. Department of Education,
post-secondary education is being provided to about 18.2 million students. Of that population,
some 1.4 million are receiving their education through for-profit schools.

Industry Dynamics
Educational Services is widely considered a counter-cyclical industry. That is to say, typically,
when the economy is doing poorly and unemployment is rising, more working adults, as their
career prospects start to dim, decide to upgrade their education. This, in turn, leads to higher
enrollment and increased profit at the schools. We note that traditional undergraduate education
for young students is generally non-cyclical. Culinary arts schools, however, can be labeled as
moderately cyclical. Also, certain types of educational institutions do perform largely in sync
with the broader economy. For example, providers of information technology instruction benefit
in good times, when companies are likely to boost related investment.

There is a growth element to this industry. Education companies are reporting a trend of rising
demand from working adults. More and more employers are requiring college degrees for a
greater range of jobs. Enrollment rates are tracking higher at most schools. To an 18-year old,
thinking about the future, or a 30-year old without a college degree, looking for a career boost,
diplomas are becoming the standard rather than the exception.

Profit Generation
Schools are seeing improving enrollment rates in both the traditional and online formats.
Traditional schooling caters to young students that have just graduated from high school. Online
instruction is more tailored to working adults who prefer to attend classes at evening time or
during weekends. Web classes typically carry higher margins than the traditional classroom
setting, since professors can connect to a significantly larger number of students and there are no
direct brick-and-mortar costs. Globalization also augurs well for the industry. Due to global
outsourcing, there is increasing pressure on workers in developed countries to enhance their
skills.

There are two other important trends running in the industry's favor. As the U.S. continues to
transition from a manufacturing-based economy to one heavily reliant on the service sector, for-
profit educators stand to gain from offering courses in information technology, healthcare and
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business management. And, companies have the opportunity to tap an enormous under-educated
segment of the world population. Lucrative markets include China, Brazil and other developing
nations. A few educators have already established beachheads in promising overseas regions.

Regulation and Competition

Companies in this industry adhere closely to the Higher Education Act. Compliance with the Act
is critical to maintain accreditation; it provides the ability to operate in various states.
Accreditation allows a school's students to apply for financial aid under Title IV (low income) of
the Act, the Pell Grant, and the G.I. Bill. This is important since a majority of students receive
some sort of aid. Notably, the Act, and other regulation, has been fairly successful in shutting
down and prohibiting "diploma mills", thus ensuring a fairly high overall quality of instruction.

Competition among these schools for prospective students is intensifying. Expenses of new-
student leads and marketing continue to rise. Barriers to entry in this industry are significant. It is
very expensive for a potential market entrant to build a school from scratch. The start-up phase
can be difficult, especially without a substantial government-supported student base. Also, IT
investment can be complex and quite costly, particularly for online operations. Financial
constraints can limit a school's ability to expand. Schools prefer to tap the equity market, when
their share prices are at elevated levels, rather than issue debt.

Investment Considerations
There are several things to look for when investing in individual companies in the Educational
Services Industry. Investors should seek schools that have steadily rising enrollment, which
typically leads to strong revenue and earnings growth. Favorable new-student starts and high
conversion rates (from inquiries to enrollment) are good indicators of a company's prospects.
Schools that have tapped or have plans to enter emerging markets will likely have a "first-mover"
advantage and solid long-term growth potential. Institutions that have a sizeable mix of top-
quality online business can better lever expanding demand at the bottom line.

Capable management is also an important consideration in weighing these stocks for investment.
The industry is susceptible to "headline" risk. An adverse ruling, or even just the hint of an
investigation, from the U.S. Department of Education can cause a sharp decline in valuation.
Such problems are frequently the result of inadequate compliance or misleading enrollment
figures. If news breaks that a particular company is under investigation for reporting
irregularities, its stock, and those of its peers, could be affected. Too, a strong, experienced
leadership team is necessary when companies merge. (The industry has undergone substantial
consolidation in recent years.) Often, operating results will suffer from a combination during an
initial integration period. A proven track record strengthens the chance of long-term success.

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 3. INDUSTRY ANALYSIS
He education industry is expanding rapidly and its many businesses are eager for new talent,
including experienced professionals and enthusiastic individuals just entering the workforce. The
education industry can be described as the collection of organizations and businesses that provide
products and services aimed at enhancing the quality of education in society. Read more to gain
a complete overview of the education industry.

The education industry consists of schools, colleges, universities, and various private institutions.
The education industry provides its students with the knowledge and skills to adapt to a
continually changing working world. The industry consists of an expanding array of
organizations that strive to provide lifelong learning to its customers. The education sector can be
broadly classified as primary education, secondary education, higher education, and vocational
education. The Education industry is crucial to the workforce capability of all other industries,
but it also faces unique workforce development challenges of its own. With its responsibility for
skilling the current workforce and preparing future generations for work and life, the Education
industry is subject to intense public and political scrutiny and to frequent waves of policy change
and review.
Organizations in the education sector include traditional colleges and universities as well as
companies focused on training and development for clients that range from an individual learner
to global corporations to online content delivery. As a whole, the industry is responsible for
training individuals of all ages to learn new skills, obtain meaningful employment, and help
accelerate the economic growth, by delivering education in traditional classroom settings or via
online training over the Internet. The education industry also includes ancillary education
services, such as after-school tutoring, charter schools, special or alternative education,
educational content suppliers, and the professional development of administrators and teachers.
This section contains articles that help learn more about this sector and understand its unique
dynamics, opportunities, and challenges.
The education industry must adapt to the challenges of containing costs, differing views on
standardized learning, competing for students, and adapting to changing economic needs.
Industry players adopt unique strategies to overcome these challenges by forming education
partnerships, adapting to new technologies, and developing customized and personalized
learning programs. This section also discusses these challenges and provides a framework to
adapt to these challenges.

The targeted audience for this section are consulting houses, teachers, students and learners,
education industry investors, and all size companies that sell products or services to education
players; organizations looking for knowledge and key business information in the education
industry and players interested in content development for this sector.

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 4.TIME LINE OF EDUCATION INDUSTRY

1. History of Education Policy in India – milestones.

2. Kothari Commission (1964 -66) Key objectives: 1. To conduct a detailed study of the
education system with a special emphasis on quality 2. To emphasizes the role of people
in national development 3. To recommend an integrated approach to educational
development leading to a comprehensive educational policy for India Goals of Education
recommended by the commission: 1. To increase productivity- include science as a basic
component education & SUPW in curriculum; vocational education, improve research in
science & technology 2. To accelerate modernization- adopt new methods of teaching,
build skills & inculcate values, universalize education, build universities of excellence 3.
To promote social & national integration- introduce common school system, develop
modern Indian languages, enrich Hindi, promote community living of students 4. To
inculcate national values- introduce moral, social & spiritual values, religions of the
world in syllabus, promote group meditation of students, present high ideas of social
justice & social service Unique feature: The 17-member commission included 5 foreign
national educationists- one each United Kingdom, United States, France, Japan and
Russia.
3. The 42nd Constitutional Amendment (1976) Amendment: Education, which was
originally in the State List of subjects of legislation, was transferred to the Concurrent
List through this amendment Implications as interpreted in subsequent policies: Greater
role for the union government in- 1. Reinforcing the national & integrative character of
education 2. Maintaining quality & standards including those of teachers at all levels 3.
Promoting excellence at all levels of the educational pyramid throughout the country by
catering to the needs of manpower development research & advanced study, international
aspects of education and cultural development
4. National Policy on Education (NPE) (1986) Salient features: 1. National system of
education 2. Education for equality 3. Promotion of adult education 4. Elementary
education and operation black board 5. Pace setting (NavodayaVidyalayas) 6.
Vocationalisation 7. Raising the status of the teacher 8. Accountability in education
Implications as interpreted in subsequent policies: Greater role for the union government
in- 1. Reinforcing the national & integrative character of education 2. Maintaining quality
& standards including those of teachers at all levels 3. Promoting excellence at all levels
of the educational pyramid throughout the country by catering to the needs of manpower
development research & advanced study, international aspects of education and cultural
development Go to NPE document
5. The 86th Constitutional Amendment (2002) Amendment: Right to education added to
Chapter 3 of the Constitution (Article 21) Implication of the amendment: As a
fundamental right, right to education became enforceable.
6. Right to Education Act (RTE) (2009) Key features: 1. Free and compulsory education (6
to 14 age group) 2. No detention till completion of elementary education 3. Limit on
pupil teacher ratio 4. Will apply to all of India except Jammu and Kashmir Key features
continued: 5. 25 percent reservation for economically disadvantaged communities in
private schools 6. Professional qualification of all Teachers in 5 years 7. Minimum
infrastructure criteria for all schools that require recognition Go to RTE documents.

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 5.OBJECTIVE OF EDUCATION INDUSTRY
(1) Wisdom and knowledge: Since education is both a training of minds and training of souls, it
should give both knowledge and wisdom. No amount of factual information would take
ordinarily into educated men unless something is awakened in them. Therefore, there should be
inculcation of wisdom and knowledge.
(2) Aims of the social order:Our education system must find its guiding principle in the aims of
the social order for which it prepares. Unless we preserve the value of democracy, justice, liberty,
equality and fraternity, we cannot Preserves our freedom.
(3) Love for higher values of life:The greatness of a country does not depend on the extent of its
territory, the length of its communication or the amount of its wealth, but on the love for higher
values of life. We must develop thought for the poor and sufferings, regards and respect for
women, faith in brotherhood regardless of race, colour, religion etc.
(4) Training for leadership:One of the important aims of higher education is the training for
leadership in the profession and public life. It is the function of universities to train men and
women for wise leadership.

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 6.SWOT ANALYSIS

1.Strength
The Indian have made many contributions among those are Ar Bhatta, Sir, C.V. RAMANNA, H.J.
BABHA, Sir, J.C. BOSE. Some of the strengths of Indian technical education system are: India
has got very rich and learned education heritage. Very good primary education which provides a
very strong base. Indian education system moulids the growing minds with huge amount of
information and knowledge. Indian education system gives the greater exposure to the subject
knowledge. Indians are rich in theoretical knowledge. India has abduct strength of resources and
man power (NASA, MAC). Cost of education is very low. Number of higher education
institutions in India is more compare to developed countries. Indians are interceded in normal
education and higher education.
2.Weakness
The weakness of Indian Indian education system are: Lack of adequate up - gradation of
curriculum. No benchmark and no common course content and no common exam procedure
national wide. Lack of specialized courses or modular and rigid curriculum learning considered
as one step process. Education is exam oriented. No fixed parameters. Lack of Industry –Institute
interaction. Rigidity in curriculum. Lack of multidisciplinary courses. Role of teacher is confined
to teaching alone. Lack of policy makers. Mind set of stakeholders. Lack in accepting immediate
changes. Learning is job oriented

3.Opportunities
India has rich resources of human as well as physical. In India enough number of higher
education institutions. Therefore, we can produce more and highly qualified students. Fulfilling
students demands by providing enhanced quality of education. Producing enough number of
technically skilled outputs. By making more Autonomy Curriculum should be made more
realistic, practically biased and job oriented. Students will be regarded more as a customer. To
provide highly technically skilled labor to the country

4.Threats
Similarly, the threats of Indian Indian education system are: Lack of interest and interaction from
the industry in developing and collaborating in the research field. Threat from within of
deteriorating standards of education due to lack of benchmark in terms of quality of institutions.
Loss of quality standards by Indian institutions as more and more students opt for education
abroad. Lack of team work. Attitude of the people who fail to work collectively on a common
platform.

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 7. CHALLENDES FACED BY EDUCATION INDUSTRY
We must admit that face-to-face interactions between teachers and students along with vibrant
and healthy debates among-st peers within the classroom and outside are integral to quality
teaching, as envisioned by the SDGs.
Education provides us knowledge of our society and environment and hones our skills to change
them for the better. Education also helps us to develop our own perspective of looking at our
lives, prepares us to have our own points of view and form our own opinions on different facets
of life. Education today is not the process of gaining information. Any willing person can have
access to immense data and information nowadays through different websites and e-based
platforms. But, can information be transformed into knowledge without education? Only
education can train us to interpret different issues and events in our lives. We can learn not only
through the lessons in our textbooks, but from our teachers, gurus, and mentors who guide us on
how to read those books and how to identify the Vishalyakarani from Gandhamadan mountains.
We also learn from our own lives through our practical experiences and hands-on trainings. In
short, education helps us to acquire knowledge, skills, values and attitudes to make informed
decisions, lead meaningful lives, and undertake active roles in contemporary society.

Since the beginning of 2020, we have been facing a crisis of enormous proportions. The COVID-
19 pandemic has been wreaking havoc across the globe — including India — upsetting our lives
and livelihoods. Therefore, all the enrolled students in schools, colleges and universities of India
have been unable to go to their institutions for almost a year due to the restrictions imposed to
check the spread of the novel coronavirus since the middle of March 2020. This has hurt students
immensely.
When millions of young people have been urged to stay at home like the other members of their
families, and when the educational institutions have remained closed, online education appears to
be the only alternative to ensure the continuity of education of these students. But the question
remains as to whether we were prepared to utilize these substitute means of providing education
in our country without diluting the quality of education to be imparted to our students. The short
answer to this question is — we were not. The standard online education is still out of the reach
of many students in our schools, colleges and universities, who have limited or no access to
computers and internet connectivity at home. We still do not have any data on how many
students have access to broadband internet, 4G smartphones, tablets, laptops or desktop
computers and other technologies absolutely necessary for online classes. It has also been
noticed that, in many cases, there is only one 4G smartphone at home for many families, which
would have to be shared by the earning members of the family struggling to continue with their
shrinking livelihood opportunities and to ‘work from home,’ if possible. The children at home, of
various ages, are left jostling for that only device in the family. After all, the pressure on the
families is intense. Jobs are being lost and incomes cut.

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Therefore, most of the young people in our country have been just staying at home for months
without any form of formal education, let alone quality education, necessary for understanding
crises and achieving a more sustainable future, as emphasized in the Sustainable Development
Goals (SDG) adopted by the United Nations on 25 September 2015, for a just and sustainable
planet. Under such circumstances, there is a strong likelihood that there would be a high dropout
rate from schools, colleges and universities in 2020-21 and a few years subsequent. Given our
patriarchal family structure, where boys are still prioritized over girls in terms of imparting better
and higher education, dropout rates of girl-students during and after this pandemic could be
much higher than boys. If this happens in view of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequent
slowdown and recession in economy, the target of vigorously increasing the Gross Enrolment
Ratio (GER) envisaged by the New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 could be seriously jeopardized.
Education is one of the areas in India, where the uneven impact of COVID-19 is more evident
than most. The indefinite closure of schools, colleges and universities may reverse years of
progress in access to education in our country.

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 8.HOW INDUSTRY OVERCOME FROM THEIR ISSUE
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to some elements of teaching-learning being changed
permanently.
Schools and colleges were shut down in the second week of March as a preventive measure to
contain the spread of COVID-19. In September now, we are still debating whether to reopen.
Apart from impacting the future of 32 crore young citizens, this has also pushed educators to
reshape the mechanism of imparting lessons.
Some immediate measures included shifting teaching process online on an untested and
unprecedented scale, conducting online assessments on trial-and-error basis, creating content
suitable for remote learning using technology and tools among others. However, transitioning to
an ‘online mode’ has had its share of challenges. These include limited access to the Internet,
lack of uninterrupted power supply, ill-equipped teachers, absence of a robust monitoring method,
hindrances to replicating the rapport between teacher and students in an online world, bridging
the patchy and impersonal online experience, increase in screen-time and unavailability of tools
to create content in regional languages.
The impact has been more severe for disadvantaged children leading to interrupted learning,
compromised nutrition, childcare problems and consequent economic cost to families who
cannot work. Another challenge is to ensure that students return and stay in school when schools
reopen. This is especially true of protracted closures and when economic shocks place pressure
on children to work and generate income for financially distressed families.

As we find solutions to these challenges, we see glimpses of the future of learning. While
educators and students are eager for institutions to open, the crisis has led to some elements of
learning being changed permanently.
The first is the increasing use of technology. During the lockdown, the government used the
electronic media to ensure learning continuity for students. Some state governments have been
working with media partners such as Doordarshan and All India Radio (AIR) to broadcast virtual
classes and educational content through their regional channels. This is not only helping students
in rural areas with no Internet connection but also visually impaired students. The boost to online
learning has huge implications for our ability to scale and provide equitable access to millions of
students. Educators, regulators and learners have to change their attitudes and accept that this
will complement classroom learning.
The second change will be in the increasing use of online tools and technology to enhance the
learning experience. Great content is available for free online and can be used to learn from. The
classroom can then become a forum for debate, discussion and a deeper delving into disciplines
and promote collaboration and experiential learning.

16
The third change will be personalization of learning. Each student has his/her own pace of
studying. While some may need more time others may need more material to achieve the same
outcome. Machine learning and Artificial Intelligence coupled with strong data analytics can
help customize individual learning paths at scale.

The fourth will be in making learning equitable, convenient, lifelong and accessible. Many
people, not necessarily students, have enrolled for new courses during the lockdown. The fact
that you don’t need to travel or need to be in a classroom has democratized learning and made it
convenient.

Having said this, colleges and schools do much more than just deliver content and teach. The
teachers’ ability to engage students in debate and discussion, to mentor and coach and to inspire
and motivate is difficult to replicate in the online format. What is also difficult to replicate is peer
learning, participation in extracurricular activities and sports, experiential learning and
development of emotional quotient and leadership ability. While schools and colleges the way
we know them are here to stay, the way learning happens and the way teachers teach is sure to
change.

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 9.AI Is Changing the Education Industry

The academic world is becoming more convenient and personalized thanks to the numerous
applications of AI for education. This has changed the way people learn since educational
materials are becoming accessible to all through smart devices and computers. Today, students
don’t need to attend physical classes to study as long as they have computers and internet
connection. AI is also allowing the automation of administrative tasks, allowing institutions to
minimize the time required to complete difficult tasks so that the educators can spend more time
with students. Now is the time to discuss the transformations brought by AI in education.

1.Simplifying Administrative Tasks:AI can automate the expedition of administrative

duties for teachers and academic institutions. Educators spend a lot of time on grading exams,
assessing homework, and providing valuable responses to their students. But technology can be
used to automate the grading tasks where multiple tests are involved. This means that professors
would have more time with their students rather than spending long hours grading them. We
expect more of this from AI. Actually, software providers are coming up with better ways of
grading written answers and normal essays. The other department that is gaining a lot from AI is
the school admissions board. Artificial Intelligence is allowing for automation of classification
and processing of paperwork.

2. Smart Content: AI and education go hand in hand and the new techniques could be all that
is required to ensure that all students attain their ultimate academic success. Smart content is a
very hot subject matter today. Robots can produce digital content of similar quality as what
different AU essay writing services can create. This technology has already reached a classroom
setting. Smart content also includes virtual content like video conferencing, video lectures. As
you can imagine, textbooks are taking a new turn. AI systems are using traditional syllabuses to
create customized textbooks for certain subjects. As a result, textbooks are being digitized, and
new learning interfaces are being created to help students of all academic grades and ages. An
example of such mechanisms is the Cram101 which uses AI to make textbook contents more
comprehensible and it is easy to navigate with summaries of the chapters, flashcards, and
practical tests. The other useful AI interface is the Netex Learning which enables professors to
create electronic curriculums and educative information across a myriad of devices. Netex
includes online assistance programs, audios, and illustrative videos.

3. Personalized Learning:Have you checked the type of personalized recommendations on

Netflix? The same technology is being utilized in how students are taught at schools. The
traditional systems are supposed to cater to the middle but don’t serve pupils sufficiently. The
curriculum is designed to suit as many pupils as possible by targeting 80% of the middle.
However, the pupils are struggling to attain their full potential when in the top 10%. Still, when
they are in the bottom 10%, they have difficulties following along. But when AI is introduced,
teachers are not necessarily replaced, but they are in a position to perform much better by
offering personalized recommendations to each pupil. AI customizes in-class assignments as well
as final exams, ensuring that students get the best possible assistance.

18
Research indicates that instant feedback is one of the keys to successful tutoring. Through AI-
powered apps, students get targeted and customized responses from their teachers. Teachers can
condense lessons into smart study guides and flashcards. They can also teach students depending
on the challenges they face in studying class materials. Unlike in the past, college students can
now access a larger window time for interacting with professors. Thanks to AI, smart tutoring
systems, like Carnegie Learning, can offer quick feedback and work directly with students. Even
though these methods are still in their inception stages, they will soon become fully-fledged
digital teachers to assist students with any educational needs.

4. Global Learning: Education has no limits, and AI can help to eliminate boundaries.
Technology brings drastic transitions by facilitating the learning of any course from anywhere
across the globe and at any time. AI-powered education equips students with fundamental IT
skills. With more inventions, there will be a wider range of courses available online and with the
help of AI, students will be learning from wherever they are.

5. New Efficiencies:AI improves IT processes and unleashes new efficiencies. For instance,
town planners could use it to minimize traffic jams and improve the safety of pedestrians.
Similarly, schools can determine the appropriate methods of preventing students from getting
lost in crowds when they run in corridors. AI can also be used in the modeling of complex data to
enable the operations department to create data-driven forecasts. This, in turn, allows proper
planning for the future, for example assigning seats during school functions or ordering food
from local cafeterias. Speaking of which, schools can avoid a lot of wastages caused by over-
ordering thereby saving costs. Through new efficiencies, Artificial Intelligence in education can
pay for itself. The truth is new technologies come with upfront expenses for installation and
training. But eventually, these costs become negligible. Technology gets cheaper over time and
so does the hardware and software.

A study published by e- school News indicates that by 2021, the application of AI in education
and learning will be increased by 47.5%. The impact of this technology will be felt from the
lowest education levels through higher learning institutions. This will create adaptive learning
techniques with customized tools for improving the learning experiences. Artificial Intelligence
might inform the students how their career paths look like depending on their goals thus assisting
them beyond academics. Only time can tell the ultimate impact of AI in the education industry.

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 10. EDUCATION TECHNOLOGIES
Technology can be a significant enabler for achieving quality education with the attendant
objectives of access, quality and equity. For this to happen, substantial investment will need to be
made across the spectrum of education, including infrastructure and maintenance, teacher
education, and content and curriculum.
In the past decade, several sectors have been disrupted by the advent and spread of new
technologies. In education too, technology is making its way at different levels, from targeting
administrative efficiency, to enhancing learning among students. However, the true scope of
Technology in Education (EdTech) is under-utilised, given existing challenges with infrastructure
and resources in India.

21st century technologies like learning applications, platforms and games are driven by users
The recently released Draft National Education Policy (2019) acknowledges the important role
that technology plays in improving class room instruction, building teacher capacity, enabling
educational access for students in remote areas, and improving the overall education system
through better planning and management. However, technological innovation in education
remains sub-scale given existing challenges with infrastructure and resources in India.

While governments are trying to improve digital infrastructure by earmarking budget, and
engaging Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), the gap between what is required, and that
20
which is available, stays wide. A study1 commissioned by Tata Trusts estimated that the annual
initial investment for the country would be INR 104,500 crore and the recurring costs (year-on-
year) would be INR 32,250 crore. While the Union government might find it difficult to allocate
this entire amount in one year, it might be necessary to phase it, but, with clearly-established
milestones.
Low-cost personal devices have the potential to support technology-based educational
interventions

21
Despite these challenges, EdTech’s promise stems from the fact that technology operates
differently today, compared to even ten years ago. While 20th century technologies in education
were centralized and driven by producers – e.g. radio, film and television – 21st century
technologies are decentralized, and driven by users – learning applications, platforms, and
games.

This shift can be seen in policy documents as well. The National Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) policy (2012) talked of states provisioning infrastructure, and
schools imparting “ICT literacy”. The Draft NEP (2019) in contrast mentions the role of personal
devices, and the ability of students to learn on their own. Today, low-cost personal devices
provide data communication, computation and multimedia on a single platform, and students
generally learn to operate them quickly and effectively. Hence, personal devices have the
potential to support technology-based educational interventions.

Keeping pace with the enthusiasm for technology-enabled learning, the Ministry of Human
Resources and Development (MHRD) has launched various initiatives designed to promote
digital learning -e-Pathshala, DIKSHA, National Repository of Open Educational Resource
(NROER), National Programme on Technology Enhanced Learning (NPTEL), e-pgpathshala
SWAYAM and, SWAYAM-Prabha DTH Channels. These interventions have been introduced
with the aim to raise the standards of teaching irrespective of the location of the schools and
institutes. Further, states like Kerala2 and Andhra Pradesh are setting up state digital corporations
to streamline procurement, maintenance and functioning of digital infrastructure, so that more
schools can have digital class rooms.

22
Technology should empower the teacher and help narrow the digital divide.

23
 CHALLENGES:
These developments are welcome from a provisioning and investment point of view. However,
they do little to resolve the ground level challenges that impede the effective adoption and use of
technology as a tool for learning.

First, there is a wide gap between the physical and financial resources required to integrate
technology in education, and that which is available. While year-on-year, digital penetration is
increasing – especially via mobile phones or tablets procured by individuals –an inclusive policy
requires the state to provide equitable access, and fast. To make this happen, incremental changes
in policy need to be supplanted with a step-jump – a one-time catch up – that meets field
requirements with corresponding outlays.

Second, many EdTech initiatives – private or government – do not adequately engage with pre
and in-service teacher education. While the ICT policy clearly talks of enabling teachers, many
technologies enabled products are designed as a replacement for poor teaching, instead of an
amplification of good teaching. In this vein, knowing when and how teaching and learning is
amplified (with the help of technology) is important. It is well known that technology can only
assist where or when human capacity is high. Where human capacity is low or compromised,
technology also amplifies the inefficiencies and inadequacies of the system3. This note of
caution should be sounded regularly when talking about implementation of such programmes.

Third, learning is a complex, non-linear process, with several factors affecting how people learn.
More sectoral dialogue is required to understand how digital science can complement learning
science to yield EdTech products that actually deliver lasting learning. As a side note, but equally
important, is the need to keep one eye on the larger administrative reform required to enable the
teachers as creators and designers of educational technology versus just passive participants or
consumers.

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E-learning solutions must be tested for efficacy

KEY RECOMMENDATIONS:
Within the discourse of reform in education, the articulation and interpretation of technology as
an enabler is fundamental. To begin with, the term ICT needs updating, since education
technology is no longer just a means of “information” and “communication. Instead, education
policy must look at technology as something that enables co-creation, interaction, personalisation
and adaptation. School curriculum and teacher capacity building initiatives must also reflect this
reality. Technology must not clip the teacher; it should serve to empower the teacher. Equally
important is to ensure that technology does not widen the already existing digital divide. Hence,
systemic changes that enable the use of technology for improved access and quality of education
are required.
1.Updating and integrating ICT Policy and National Curriculum Framework (NCF):
It is critical that recent trends in technology be reflected in an updated ICT policy. Moreover,
digital learning platforms or solutions must reflect the principles of the NCF in terms of helping
learners connect knowledge with the outside world, discourage learning by rote, and promote
creativity in children. In line with the principles of the NCF 2005, digital content should be

25
treated in the same way as other curriculum content, with robust and defined processes for
content development. Commercially available and produced digital content should be critically
evaluated before being used in schools. Moreover, ICT based activities must be recognised as a
formal part of school curriculum and assessment. Finally, in line with the three-language policy,
relevant multi-lingual digital content should be developed and made available locally.
2. Infrastructure:
Only 14% of schools in 2016-17 reported having a computer in working condition, and 40%
reported having no electricity 4. These numbers are national aggregates and mask the greater
shortfalls in some states versus others. In order to establish and maintain adequate ICT
infrastructure in schools and in educational institutions, much investment is needed. Moreover,
the Government of India should allow flexibility to the state governments to decide the kinds of
devices that are better suited for learning needs of children in the state and also within the
approved norms and budget. Policies and systems must be strengthened to clearly outline
provisioning and maintenance of devices, management of assets, and monitoring of ICT
infrastructure. This should be achieved by giving more autonomy to the school administration in
management of ICT infrastructure and by providing a dedicated budget for maintenance and
periodic upgradation of infrastructure.

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3. Implementation processes:
For technology to drive learning, e-learning solutions must be constantly tested for their efficacy.
Not all digital products are designed to promote creativity and learning. Some research has also
shown the negative impact of technology on learning. Most research on the impact of technology
on learning has been conducted by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and
Development (OECD) members or developed countries, and a similar research process should
accompany the roll out of EdTech interventions in India. Implementation teams at the Connected
Learning Initiatives (CLIx) - where e-learning curriculum is designed and iterated in consultation
with academics and practitioners - maintain a strong link with research teams. One of the
research findings from CLIx has been around optimal student device ratios, with anything more
than 1:3 rendering the educational aspect ineffective. This has informed programme design for
subsequent scale-up.
4. Teacher professional development:
While the results are mixed when technology directly interfaces with the child, impact on student
learning is usually favourable when teachers are enabled or empowered through technology.
From the launch of ambitious programmes like the National Initiative for School Heads’
Teachers’ Holistic Advancement (NISHTHA), DIKSHA – a one-stop digital platform serving all
the needs of teachers – to the announcement of Operation Digital Board (ODB), there is a clear
trend of the gradual shift from using media tools for educational and information purposes, to

27
promoting computer literacy, to a more comprehensive approach towards integrating technology
school education system.

It is recommended that the pre-service curriculum interacts with ICT platforms like DIKSHA so
that teachers are life-long oriented on using technology for their professional development needs.
At the school level, time-tabling to ensure at least 30% of the teaching time per subject is allotted
for computer-aided education is recommended.
5. Strong data policies:The National Repository of Education Data (NRED) as proposed by the
Draft NEP (2019) is a good proposal to maintain all records related to teachers, institutions, and
students in digital form, and improving governance and management of the sector. However,
there must be a check on excessive centralisation and data gathering. One key suggestion is to
focus on federated data, as well as community data (as discussed in Srikrishna Committee
report), and reduce dependence on centralised data repositories.

Additionally, data has emerged as a commodity in the modern economy and any data collected
from educational spaces must remain in the public domain. A clear data policy needs to be spelt
out giving states direction on who needs to own data that is collected from schools/students. Data
does not belong simply to students or schools - it belongs to the community as well. Institutions
beyond the school should not be able to access data. If data needs to be shared, proper measures
must be taken to anonymise the data.

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 11.EVOLUTION OF USE OF TECHNOLOGIES IN INDUSTRY
Technology has changed over the years. The evolution of technology in the education sector
dates back 2,500 years ago. Technology has transformed learning in classrooms, with teachers
keen to emulate new learning techniques with the help of technology.

Oral communication (mouth-to-mouth)

In ancient times, word of mouth was the only form of communication. Therefore, learning was
verbal and is still the case in some countries today. There are reports that in ancient Greece,
education was done by word of mouth.

In those days, people used to learn through poems, songs, and plays. Majority of people would
recite poems only by listening, and not reading. The Writing method was less effective. However,
by the end of the 15th century, writing started to take its course as the next form of learning.

According to reports, writing fossils were discovered in ancient Greece and India. By the 18th
century, the use of blackboards and chalkboards as tools of learning had grown in popularity to
imaginable heights.

By the end of World War 2, the United States Army adopted projector technology to conduct
military training. These projectors were then replaced by high-tech projectors equipped with
inbuilt software programs popularly known as PowerPoint.

Something you should know is that despite all this new technology, nothing comes closer to oral
communication as a mode of teaching.

Writing as a learning tool

Written communication dates back to the earlier days of the Bible. The story of Moses speaks
about how Moses used the Ten Commandments to convey written commands to the Israelites.

In the 15th century, the Europe Printing Press is what made written information what it is today;
readily available and accessible. The growing demand for writing knowledge requirement by

29
businesses and government offices, formal education has skyrocketed in Europe with much more
people willing to learn to improve their literacy levels.

Even though technology is changing, written knowledge is regarded highly as a form of

communication and hence an effective way of learning. Technology in writing also helps a lot
when it comes to writing Pro-Papers. Students use new technologies and, therefore, improve
their papers.

Video and Radio technology

British Broadcasting Corporation started transmitting education-based radio series for learning
institutions in the ’20s. In 1924, the BBC broadcast its first educational adult series dubbed as
‘Insects in Relation to man.’

On the other hand, educational television programs came to play in the ’60s. In the year 1968,
the UK government formed an Open University program partnering with the BBC specifically
designed to televise educational TV series meant for University students.

International agencies of the United Nations spread video technology to third world countries.
However, the UN’s efforts were short-lived in these third world countries because of lack of
electricity, language barrier, and bad weather.

Satellite technology started in the ’80s to broadcast educational programs to local students. India
launched its first satellite device in 1983 to disseminate regional education series to indigenous
communities across the country.

As a result of high-speed internet and digital technology, the cost of video broadcasting dropped
at an alarming rate. This drop in prices for video production led to an increase in the use of video
media in lecture rooms and classrooms.

30
Computer system technology

Computers came into existence at the beginning of 1930, but the first moveable PC was first
introduced in the year 1981. Since its inception, everybody knew that the moveable PC was
going to become a key component in the quest for quality education. In addition, rightly so, the
portable computer became a valuable learning tool.

In 1986, Toshiba launched the T1100 moveable PC (laptop) for worldwide consumers. In the
following year, Apple Company launched a Mac Pro laptop, which was later reinvented to
‘PowerBooks.’

That was the icing on the cake. In 1990, the World Wide Web (www) was heightened by the
development of Text Markup language. This computer language software (HTML) makes
browsing easier for internet users.

In 1993, Apple Inc. manufactured the first Personal Digital Assistants (PDA’s) used in
classrooms. By the year 1998, almost every learning institution in the United States had a
computer and a stable internet connection. Computer Machines make life easier for learning
institutions.

The future of learning

The future of education looks bright. Nowadays, almost everyone is glued to the internet. The
birth of social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook has facilitated learning to some
extent.

Social media is thriving as the new form of communication between teachers and students.
Lecturers use social media to interact with students on a one-on-one basis or engage students to
communicate with each other through social media groups.

The internet has enabled the development of new ways of communication like webcams, and
Skype. For instance, students are now able to do their research using Google search on the
internet.

31
Apart from social media, Biometrics is another form of technology that uses physical traits to
recognize people as registered users to a particular facility. The essence of Biometrics is to detect
the physical and emotional characteristics of individuals in a learning institution, changing the
course module in a way that fits a person’s desires.

Augmented Reality glasses are reportedly looked upon by Google as the next form of learning.
Wearing reality glasses will facilitate learning in a way that they allow students to share data and
information through lenses technology.

Bottom line

Learning has come a long way. Even as time goes, some learning techniques will never die —
for instance, reading and writing; two things that have refused to go away. Even businesses and
learning institutions are finding it hard to digitize learning completely.

This is because some things like reading will take some time to fade away completely. For
example, doing away with written knowledge is almost impossible. Books have their place in
society despite the new technology. In addition, learning takes lots of practice also (and reading
of course). Therefore, going digital does not mean we are abandoning our reading culture.

Top Educational Technology Trends in 2020-2021

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Educational Technology Trends in 2021-2022
Big Data, Machine Learning, and the Internet of Things (IoT) were the biggest educational
technology trends of 2019. However, distance learning has become the one trend that rules them
all. The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the way we teach and learn. Students now
have to get used to distance learning via digital platforms due to social distancing. Even though
some schools are reopening, this trend may continue until 2021. The latest EdTech trends in 2020,
and further into 2021 are being revolutionized with a strong focus on connectivity, versatility,
and student-centered learning. Let’s take a look at the latest top 10 trends in educational
technology.

What Is Educational Technology and Why Should It Matter?

Many people can recognize that EdTech is devoting technology to promote education. It’s true,
but not sufficient. The Association for Educational Communications and Technology (AECT)
has defined EdTech as “facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and
managing appropriate technological processes and resources.” On the other hand, educators who
actually use EdTech have a much simpler definition of the term. They say that it is a concept of
transforming traditional book teaching and learning to digital form. For them, the main
difference lies in the way knowledge is delivered (thanks to technology innovation) to make
teaching more effective.

In short, EdTech is simply the is a process of integrating technology into education to build
better teaching/learning experiences that result in higher learning outcomes.
For example, several hospitals are training their new nurses with online safety courses by using
animation.

Why Should It Matter?

There are lots of reasons why educators shifted to EdTech, replacing the traditional paper-and-
pen teaching method. Particularly, we list some common advantages of EdTech that you can
easily see here:

Innovative Teaching Methods

Technology is an innovation of humans, so when an educator can apply technology to teaching,
it is also innovative. EdTech allows teachers to provide multimedia to address diverse learning
styles, such as animation, live video, etc. Besides, EdTech enables teachers to create online
courses where students can learn in their own space and at their own pace.

33
Improve Collaborative Teaching
Technology has made it possible for everyone to stay connected. Students and teachers connect,
discuss, share their opinions, and act upon situations collaboratively.

For example, eLearning is an educational tool that features collaboration by enabling students to
share and discuss. Instead of being in a classroom and listening to teachers speak for 30 minutes,
eLearning students can join an online group/platform and learn together by interacting with their
peers. In this case, teachers are more accessible and act as mentors to help students develop
themselves. This collaborative learning approach has bridged the gap between teachers and
students and also helps students strengthen their interpersonal skills.

Teaching and Learning Process

Firstly, EdTech benefits how teachers teach, both online and offline. Not always having to go to a
specific class at a specific time, students can learn whenever and wherever. Secondly, EdTech
changes the way students approach learning. EdTech makes learning more fun and exciting for
students. When we feel engaged in learning, we learn better, remember better, and also apply
knowledge better to real life. Lastly, technology makes education smarter, more effective, thus,
satisfying learners’ needs more. True educators bring valuable knowledge to learners, both in
theory and in real life. But smart educators are those who can create teaching from what learners
want to learn.

To sum up, EdTech doesn’t mean teachers have to become IT experts. But it’s true that teachers
can do these fascinating things only with technology, and that’s why we need EdTech in life.

Top 10 Current Educational Technology Trends in 2020/2021

If you are an innovative educator, following the trends in education is probably not something
new but rather essential. Even with this list, however, it is still up to you to choose the most
suitable "trendy" aid for your teaching and training. Here we select the 10 latest educational
technology trends that are must-know when diving into this industry.

1. eLearning
Distance learning became the top 2020 educational technology trend overnight because of the
rapid spread of COVID-19 and school closures. This led to a rising demand for online
educational platforms. eLearning is education or training delivered electronically. It can be slide-
based online activities, or it can also be an online course that helps a business train employee in
necessary skills.

34
With eLearning, educational content is delivered to learners through computers, laptops, tablets,
or smartphones. Not only saving time but opening many doors for interactive learning. Rather
than being in a passive experience, learners can choose what they need to learn quickly and
easily, wherever they are. They also learn through interacting directly with on-screen information
through, for instance, dragging content from one place to the next. Moreover, the decision-
making scenarios in eLearning also encourage learners to make their own choices on what they
will learn next.

In eLearning, learners just soak in knowledge through reading or viewing content, it changes the
way education is delivered. Also, many eLearning courses include animation, podcasts, and
videos that create a multimodal and practical learning experience.

The last point is, although eLearning has been around for a long time, it is staying green and
continuously developing. Educators are using the advantages of technology to make learning
more effective. That’s why more and more online and blended learning courses are produced
nowadays.

Variety is the outstanding feature of online learning platforms. You can teach your students in
real time (synchronous) via live stream or group meetings using Zoom or Microsoft Teams, or
you can use recorded (asynchronous) methodologies with a wide range of media and digital
functions available to enrich lessons. A good online learning platform can also be combined with
a Learning Management System (LMS) so you can keep track of your students’ learning
outcomes.

2. Video-Assisted Learning
In recent years, video-assisted learning has become more and more popular as classroom
displays. The “video day” is no longer a television on a trolley being wheeled into a class. With
the internet and digital devices, every day can be a “video day.”

This trend is also booming in distance learning conditions; which students learn through
computer screens. Videos, especially animated videos, are extremely beneficial to enrich lessons
and make content comprehensible. It improves students’ outcomes and reduces teachers’
workload.

35
3. Block chain Technology
The Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) from block chain brings so many benefits to
education, especially data storage. Every time new data is added, it adds another “block” to the
system, so the storage is technically limitless. Simultaneously, the data will be encrypted and
distributed across multiple computers in the system. It makes transacting data decentralized and
transparent.

Block chain technology is used in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) and portfolios to
verify skills and knowledge. The DLT systems will answer the problems of authentication, scale,
and cost for eLearning agencies. Moreover, it can help student applicants publish their
accomplishments during the job-seeking phase.

4. Big Data Will Get Bigger

To cater to learners’ needs, the learning experience needs to be personalized. And with COVID-
19 and online learning booming, we now have bigger data than ever before. Instructional
Designers have relevant information about learners’ experiences to customize and present the
course in a suitable format. Some information you should look for is the course’s topic, learner
enrollment, learner performance (time per course, completion, test result), and learner feedback
(rating, survey).

5. Artificial Intelligence (AI)

AI now is the "in thing" in the US EdTech market. People have predicted that through 2021, AI
could become the primary trend and grow by more than 45%. So why is the trend booming in
one of the world’s largest markets for EdTech? First and foremost, AI can automate basic
activities in education, like grading. It’s now possible for teachers to automate grading of the
multiple-choice and fill-in-the-blank questions. Thus, automated grading of students’ writing
may not be far behind.

Furthermore, both learners and educators could benefit from AI. For example, students could get
help from AI tutors when teachers are too busy to take care of everyone. Also, AI-driven
programs can give both learners and educators helpful feedback. That’s why some schools use AI
systems to monitor student progress and to alert teachers when there might be an issue with
students’ performances. Therefore, it’s not too farfetched that AI is a powerful assistant for in-
class teaching. Meanwhile, why don’t you help your learners get more out of the educational
experience via AI?

36
6. Learning Analytics
The current landscape of learning analytics has dramatically expanded, especially for higher
education. Learning analytics allows educators to measure and report student learning just by the
web. From that, it’s possible for them to better understand and optimize learning.

When teachers read insights from students’ learning processes, they can improve the knowledge
and skill acquisition of their students accordingly. For instance, teachers are able to see what type
of information (text, images, infographics, or videos) that students enjoy most and use it more in
their following lessons. Also, teachers are able to notice what pieces of knowledge weren’t
effectively delivered and enhance them next time. Moreover, learning analytics helps educators
identify blocks of students who may have academic or behavioral challenges. From that, teachers
could develop a way to help students reach their full potential.

7. Gamification
If you are looking for a way to turn learning into a more fun and engaging process, gamification
is the most suitable educational technology trend. There is no reason for students not to be
actively involved in classroom games. Students can learn and practice while they are joining in
on exciting game activities. Gaming elements help create a funny and positive learning
environment for learners.

The adoption of gamification is most popular in the K-12 education sector. It’s because kids are
quickly engaged in gaming videos or getting higher scores in a game. However, it doesn’t mean
that higher education or corporate training doesn't need fun elements to improve the engagement
level of learners.

8. Immersive Learning with VR and AR

The class learning experience has undergone a tremendous change since Virtual Reality (VR)
and Augmented Reality (AR) came to education. The rise in demand for experiential learning
pushes forward the development of learning with VR and AR.

Learning has become much more interactive than traditional methods. While VR provides a
constructed reality, AR gives an enhanced view of a real image. Thus, they help explain complex
concepts that plain images or even a lab’s hands-on experiments couldn’t show students. For
example, VR is pretty helpful when you are attending a medical training course. In detail, VR
creates a chance for students to experience real-world surgeries in a low-risk environment.

37
9. STEAM
STEAM-based programs are the new EdTech improvement over the STEM programs. This new
trend of EdTech applies meaningful Science, Technology, Engineering, Art (the new element),
and Math content to solve real-world problems through hands-on learning activities and creative
design.

Concerning the advantages of STEAM, the first thing is that it helps students become
increasingly curious about the world around them. Moreover, it also creates a safe environment
for the learners to express and experience their ideas while thinking outside the box. The comfort
of hands-on learning also helps students collaborate better with others.

10. Social Media in Learning

Have you ever thought that social media would be a part of the learning process? When every
student, both young and mature, spends so much time on social media, why don’t we turn it into
a powerful tool to enhance learning?

It’s how the idea to use social media for teaching came about. Many educational institutes have
started using social media as a communication tool in which students can interact with others
easily. Students can share study materials, discuss with others in a group, or easily comment on
someone else’s post. Even an animated learning video could go viral on social media. And TedEd
is the typical example of this trend! This organization creates lessons worth sharing and posts
them on YouTube where people can easily access, find, and share the educational videos with
their friends.

Social media is here to stay and build a culture of collaboration and sharing, leading to an
improved learning experience.

'

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 CONCLUSION
In the end, we know that there is a lot to digest when we talk about educational technology
trends. However, keep in mind that technology has seeped into education and renewed its whole
teaching and learning process. Especially eLearning, an educational tool that not only increases
the accessibility and convenience of education but also changes the learning behaviors and
learners’ desires for learning.

But here is good news, you don’t need to go alone on this EdTech ship because you have us who
will join you in bringing forth the true value of learning, inspiring learners, and making
education more relevant and empowering.

eBook Release: Learning Studio

fleering Studio
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Originally published at www.flearningstudio.com.

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READ ALSO
Top 6 Learning Technology and Learning Engagement Trends For 2020
Top 6 Educational Technology Trends Right Now
Top 8 eLearning and EdTech Trends for 2015
Trends in Education Technology for The Modern Society
The Hottest Educational Technology Trends based on Teachers – Infographic

39
12.UPCOMING TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT IN

40
 INDUSTRY

Technology is causing massive changes in all sectors of the economy. These changes have been
felt in the health sector, financial world, entertainment, and even government. The good news is
that these changes will make the world a better place! One of the key sectors that has been
affected by this disruption is education. These innovations are giving classrooms a new look and
have changed the ways in which lessons are conducted. Here are the top six technology
innovations that are causing major changes in education.

1. Virtual Reality (VR) in Education

Virtual Reality technology is already the hottest thing in the tech world. Big companies are
gearing up for a brutal war over this technology including Google, Sony, Oculus (backed by
Facebook), Samsung, and more. One of the areas of application of VR technology is education.
With VR, students can learn via interacting with a 3D world. Google has been on the forefront of
introducing experiential learning in schools through VR technology.

2. Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

Artificial intelligence is being applied in all levels of technology, from the lowest to the most
advanced levels. AI is used in schools to automate key activities such as grading of subjects and
providing feedback on areas that need improvement. It is also used to enhance personalized
learning among students, especially those with special needs. Through machine learning,
adaptive programs have been developed that care for the individual needs of students. AI tutors
have been developed to teach students subjects such as mathematics and writing.

3. Cloud Computing for Education

Educational resources can be accessed from any part of the world thanks to cloud computing
technology. Vital resources such as written lessons, audio lessons, videos, and video assignments
can be stored on a school’s cloud terminal. Students can access these resources from the comfort
of their homes and complete and submit the assignments back to their tutors. Flimsy excuses that
students give for not doing assignments may be a thing of the past. Cloud computing will
eliminate the hassle of carrying tons of books or practically living at your local library. This
technology also allows students to chat live with their tutor.

4. 3D Printing
3D printers are already causing ripples in the education sector and students are loving them.
Content that was previously taught via text books can now be expressed through 3D models.

41
Through this printing technique, students can have a better understanding of something that was
thought to be complex. In higher educational institutions, 3D printing is used by engineers and
system designers to develop prototypes to be used in the development of final systems. 3D
printing takes concepts and makes them real.
5. Social Media in Educational Institutions
Educational institutions have not been left behind in capitalizing on the impact of social media.
In fact, most of these social networking sites were developed on campuses and the first users
were college students. Universities and colleges can connect with each other through social
networking sites even if they are several continents apart. Through these sites, they are able to
organize contests, meetings, and parties. Students from different schools use social media to
exchange ideas which can change lives.

6. The Use of Biometrics in Schools

No more truancy and cheating! The introduction of biometric systems in schools has helped to
streamline the education and enhance discipline. Facial recognition, fingerprints, voice
recognition, and eye tracking are some of the biometric methods that schools have implemented
to streamline their operations. Apart from being used to monitor a student’s class attendance,
they are used when borrowing school properties such as books in the library. Teachers use eye
tracking methods to monitor how students are absorbing content that they have been taught.

Widespread access of the Internet is one factor that has accelerated the implementation of
technological innovations in the education sector. Ideas spread fast and people can research the
best methods for using technology in education. Hardware companies are producing devices
such as laptops and tablets which are customized to meet specific education needs. Cut-throat
competition among different technology firms is another factor that is will accelerate the rate of

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 REFERENCE
 https://www.iprojectmaster.com/education/final-year-project-materials/the-negative-
impact-of-home-video-on-academic-performance-of-students
 https://www.iprojectmaster.com/education/final-year-project-materials/prospects-and-
problems-of-teaching-social-studeies-in-upper-basic-schools
 https://www.iprojectmaster.com/education/final-year-project-materials/the-effect-of-
student-and-teacher-size-on-students-academic-performance-in-secondary-schools

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