Vat Photo Polymerization

based AM / RP Systems

By Prof.Dipali Bhise,
Fr.CRCE Bandra
 Rapid Prototyping Process

1. Prototype should make fast/ Rapidly.

2. Which can be depend on
3. Starting material :Polymer, ceramic and metal.
4. Starting form of material: Liquid, solid (Powder,
filament, sheet form) and gas.

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems 2

 3 Photopolymerization:
1. In photopolymerization process, polymer is poly plus mer.
2. So, the process of joining several of these mers to form a
polymer is called as polymerization process.
3. If the polymerization process can be initiated by a presence of
light, it is called as Photopolymerization.

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Photopolymerization: Continue…
4

Figure 1: Photopolymerization

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 5 Photopolymerization: Continue…
4. Example :Photo curable resins are also used in dentistry such
as for sealing the top surface of the teeth to fill in deep
grooves and prevent cavities.
5. The advantage of using UV as compared to electron beam
X- ray, gamma ray can be the resolution, can be as small as
possible, but the disadvantages as it has lot of side effects
and controlling the system also becomes very difficult from
the source to the workpiece.

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 6 Photopolymerization configuration
1. Vector scan, or point-wise, approaches typical of
commercial SL machines
2. Mask projection, or layer-wise, approaches, that
irradiate entire layers at one time,
3. Two-photon approaches that are essentially high-
resolution point-by-point Approaches.

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Photopolymerization configuration
7 :Continue….
1. Vector scan, or point-wise, approaches typical of commercial
SL machines

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Photopolymerization configuration
8
:Continue….
2. Mask projection, or layer-wise, approaches:

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Photopolymerization configuration
9
:Continue….
3. Two-photon approaches:

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 10 Working Principle of Stereo lithography
(SLA):

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Stereo lithography (SLA):
11

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Stereo lithography (SLA):Continued..
12
Advantage:
1. Prototypes can be created with extremely high quality, complex
geometrical shapes.
2. Layer thicknesses can be made as low as 25 μm, with minimum feature
sizes between 50 and 250 μm.
3. Dimensional tolerances of any rapid prototyping technology: +/- 0.005″
for the first inch, and an additional 0.002″ for each additional inch.
4. Print surfaces are smooth.
5. Build volumes can be as high as 50 x 50 x 60 cm³ without sacrificing
precision.
6. Wide range of materials. There is a wide range of materials, from
general-purpose materials to specialty materials for specific applications.

Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems

 Stereo lithography (SLA):Continued..
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Disadvantage:
1. Requires support structures. Structures that have overhangs
and undercuts must have supports that are designed and
fabricated together with the main structure.
2. Requires post-processing. Post-processing includes removal
of supports and other unwanted materials, which is tedious,
time consuming and can damage the model.
3. SLA offers limited material and color choice, usually
offering black, white, grey and clear material.
4. SLA printing costs are comparatively high (e.g. machine,
materials, lab environment).

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 14

Thank You
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Vat Photo Polymerization based AM / RP Systems