1 Functions Solutions

Sri Chaitanya IIT Academy, India MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS
Sri Chaitanya IIT Academy., India.

A.P, TELANGANA, KARNATAKA, TAMILNADU, MAHARASHTRA, DELHI, RANCHI
A right Choice for the Real Aspirant
ICON Central Office ,Madhapur – Hyderabad
FUNCTIONS
EXERCISE-1
Problems on composite of functions & real valued functions:

1. f  x   a ax  b
f  1,1 ,  2, 3  ,  3, 5  ,  4, 7 
f 1  a  b  1 1
f  2   2a  b  3 2
From solving 1 & 2
a  b 1 sub 'a' in equation 1

2a  b  3
2  b 1
a  2
b  1
a2
 
 3 x  1, 1  x  0 
 
2. f  x   tan  x / 2  , 0  x   
 x 
 2 ,   x6
 x 2 
1 1
Then f  0   f  / 6   f  5  3
5 2
1 1
 02 3 
23 23
3 1 3 1
 2 3 
3 1 3 1
 
2
3 1 3 1
 
2 2
Page 1
2 x  1, x 1 
3. f  x   2 
 x  1, 1  x  1
f 1  f  3   f  x  32
Then 
f  2   f  1  f 1 / 2  25
2  5  f  x  32
 
5 25
3 2
4
28  4 f  x  32
 
25 25
7  f  x  8
f  x  1
x0
4. f  x   2x  1, g  x   x2
Verify:
1. 3 f 1  2 g 1
3 2 1
2x 1
5. f  x  , g  x  x  2
2
3
Not defined because is a rational number
2
6. f  x  2x  3
g  x   x2  7
fog  x   f  g  x  
25  f  x 2  7 
25  2 x 2  14  3
2x2  8
x  2
g  x    x 2  11 , f  x    x 3  2 
1/3 1/2
7.
fog   4   f  g   4  
Page 2
 f  27  
1/3
 f  3
1
  25  2
fog  4   5
5x  3
8. y  f  x 
4x  5
 5x  3 
f  y  f 
 4 x  5 
 5x  3 
5 3
 4x  5 

 5x  3 
4 5
 4x  5 
25 x  15  12 x  15

20 x  12  20 x  25
37 x

37
f  y  x
9. f :  6,6   R
f  x   x2  3

fofof  1  f f  f  1  
 f  f  2  
 f 1  2
fofof  0   f  f  3  
 f  6
 33
fofof 1  f  f  2  
 f 1
 2
Sum is 2  2  33  29
Page 3
1 f  4 
2  32  3  29
10. f  x  x
f  x  f  f  x 
 f x
Problems on even and odd functions
11. f  x   x3  x
f   x    x3  x
   x3  x 
  f  x
 f  x  is odd function
12. f  x   log  x  3
f   x   log   x  3
 log   x  3
It is neither odd or even
13. f  x   cos x
f   x   cos   x 
 cos x
 f  x
 it is even function
14. If f  x  is odd then f  f  x   is also odd
15. If f is even & g is odd then fog is odd function

Problems on inverse of an element and inverse of a function
16. f  x   x2  1
f  x   y  x  f 1  y 
x2  1  y
x  y 1
Page 4
f 1
 x  x 1
f 1
17   16  4
f 1
 3   4
17. f  x   log 2 x
f  x   y  f 1  y   x
log 2 x  y
x  2y
f 1  x   2x
f  x  4x  3
18.
f  x   y  f 1  y   x
4x  3  y
y 3
x
4
x3
f 1  x  
4
19. f  x   3x  2; g  x   x2  1
f  x   y  f 1  y   x
3x   2   y
y2
x
3
x2
f 1  x  
3
gof 1  2   g  f 1  2  
 4  16 25
 g    1 
3 9 9
20. f  x   3  x & g  x   2  3x
x2
f 1  x   3  x, g 1  x  
3
Page 5
g 1  f 1  5    g 1  2 
4

3
3x  2
21. f  x 
5x  3
3x  2
 y
5x  3
3 x  2  5 xy  3 y
x  3  5 y   3 y  2
3y  2
x
5y  3
3x  2
f 1  x  
5x  3
 f 1  x   f  x 
Problems on domains, rangens
10 x  10 x
22. f  x 
10 x  10 x
It is defined when
10 x  10 x  0
x  x
2x  0
x0
Domain is R  0
23. f  x   sec5 x
 
Domain of sec x  R  2n  1
 2

5 x   2n  1
2
  
x   2n  1 , n  z 
 10 
Domain is
Page 6
  
R   2n  1 , n  z 
 10 
24. Domain of 3 x cot x
x 
is R    n , n  z 
x 
x 1
25. f  x 
x2  5x  6
It is defined when
x2  5x  6  0
 x  2 x  3  0
x   2,3
Domain is  , 2    2,  
26. f  x   log 3 18 x  x 2  77 
f  x  0 a 1
log 3 18 x  x 2  77   0
18 x  x 2  77  0
18 x  x 2  77
x 2  18 x  77
x 2  18 x  77  0
 x  11 x  7   0
x  11 x7
Domain  7,11
27. log x 5
 f  x  5
f  x   0, x  1
Domain is R  1
Page 7
x
28. f  x  is a real function f : R  B is a surjection. Then B is all positive values
2
including zero B : R  0


x
29. f  x  ,x A
x
A   x / x  R, x  0, 4  x  4
f : A  R;
Range of f is 1, 1
EX: x  4
4
f  4    1
4
4
f  4  1
4
30. f  x  x  x 1
Domain is R
Range is 1, 
f  0  0  0  1  1
f  1  1  0  1
Problems on nature of functions

31. f : A  B; h : A  B
A  a, b, c, d  ; B  s, t , u
A B A
h B
f
a s a
s
b b
t t
c c
u u
d d
f is a function because all elements in A contain atleast one image in B.

h is not a function because in A the element a contain two images.
32. A  1, 2,5,6,11 ; B  2, 11,0,11,108
Page 8
f :A B
f  x   x2  x  2
f 1  1  1  2  2
f is not a function because image of 1 is not present in co-domain.

33. f : N  N f  n   2n  3 y  2n  3
y 3
f  x1   f  x2  n
2
2 x1  3  2 x2  3
It is not onto
x1  x2
In injection.
34. f :n  A
f  x  2x
It is both injection & surjection.
 It is bijection.
35. f :  0,    R
f  x   x2 is one-one because different elements have different images. It is not on
to  R  co-domain 
 x / 2 x is even 
36. f  x   
 0 x is odd 
f is not one-one but on to
 even numbers have different images but odd numbers have only one image
 R  codomain 
37. f :x y
x & y are subsets of R, f  x   x is one-one but not onto

2
By option varification
(1) x  y  R 
 f is both one-one & onto
Page 9
(3) x  R  , y  R
f is one-one but not onto
38. f : A  A f  x  x3
A   x / 1  x  1
f  1  1, f  0   0
f 1  1
 f is one-one & onto  bijection
39. f  x   cos  3x  4 
Domain is ' R '
Range is  1,1
 f is not one-one & onto

40. f : A  B is not one-one but onto because A is finite set & B is a constant function.
Problems on number of functions
41. n  A  n , f :A A
n A 
No. of f : A  A  n  A   nn
42. A  1, 2,3, 4,5
B  a, b, c, d 
No. of 1  1 f : A  B is zero
 n  A  n  B 
43. n  A  4& n  B   K
K!
No. of 1  1 is K P4 
 K  4 !
K1
 120
 K  4 !
K 5
5!
  120
1!
Page 10
44. n  A  4& n  B   5
No. of functions is 54  625

No. of 1  1 functions
5!
5 p4   120
 5  4 !
No. of many one f  625  120
 505
45. n  A  3, n  B   2
n  A  n  B 
No. of onto f : A  B is
2C 0 23  2c1  2  1
3
82  6
46. n  A  m  n, n  B   n  3
No. of onto function are
3c0 3n  3c1  3  1  3c 2  3  2 
n n
 3n  3.2n  3.1
 3n  3  2 n  1
47. n  A  3, n  B   4
No. of onto functions are 0
Since 3  4
48. n  A  10, n  B   10
n  A  n  B 
No. of bijections are n  A!  10!
49. n  A   4, n  B   ?
For no. of bijections

n  A  n  B 
 n B  4
Page 11
50. n  A   100, n  B   150
For no. of bijections
n  A  n  B 
100  150
 no . of bjections are zero
51. n  A  4, n  B   5
 no of constant function = 5
x
52. y  f  x   
5
x  71
71  x  71
x  71,70, 69........69,70,71
x  70.5
 70.5 
y   14.1  15
 5 
x  70.5
 x   70.5 
 5    5   14.1  14
 y  15, 14,.....13,14
53. f  1,1  B
2x
f  x   tan 1
1  x2
  
For tan 1 x range is   , 
 2 2
EXERCISE-2
Problems on composite of functions & real valued functions:
1. QUESTION CORRECTION
GIVEN : f  x   log
To be changed As f  x   log x
Page 12
f  g  a   f  g (b    f  a 3   f  b 3 
 3log a  3log b
 3log ab
 log  ab 
3
 f  g  ab  
Ans : 2
2. f  x   x2  4 x  5
f  2  4  8  5  1
B   I , 
 2   
3. 2 f  x   1  cos 2 x  1  cos  2 x    cos  2 x  
 3   3
1

2
5  1 3 
  cos 2 x   cos 2 x  sin 2 x 
2  2 2 
1 3
 cos 2 x   sin 2 x 
2 2
5 5
  f  x 
2 4
 gof  x   g 
5
 1
4
Ans :1
x
4. f  x 
1  x2
 x 
fof of  x   fof  
 1 x 
2
Page 13
 x 
 
 f  1 x
2

 x2 
 1  
 1  x2 
 x 
 
 f  1 2 x 2 
2
1 x  x 
 1  x 2 
 x 
 f 
 1  2x 
2
x2 x
1 
1  2x 2
1  2x2  x2
x

1  3x 2
x 1
5. f  x 
x 1
fof  x   f 2  x 
fof of  x   f 3  x 
fof of  x   f 4  x 
f 2008  x  ; 2008 is even

 x odd  f  x 
x
6. f  x 
x 1
f f  x  x
 x 
f x
 x 1
 x 
 
 x 1  x
x
1
x 1
Page 14
 2x
x
 x  x 1
 2   .x  x  1
   x   x  1
Option Verification
 4   11  x   x  1
x 1  x 1
1
7. f  x   10  x 
7 7
1
f f  x   f 10  x 
7 7
 1

 10  10  x 7  7 
 
 10  10  x 
f f  x  x
 x, x Q
f  x  
8. 1  x, x  Q
fof  x  is defined only on 0,1  0,1 are belongs to Q
 f f  x  x
f  n    1  n  1 , G  n   n  f  n 
n 1
9.
G  n   n   1  n  1
n 1
GoG  n  for n  1
G  G 1   G 1    11  1 
 G  0  0
By option verification
n 1  0
10.  fof  x   x
Page 15
 f   x  1  1  x
2
 f  x2  2x   x
  x  1  1  x
4
  x  1 x  1  1  0  x  1,0
3
Ans : 2
11. g  x  1 x
f  g  x   3  2 x  x
 
f 1 x  3  2 x  x
(2) 2  x2  2  1  x  2 x
 3 2 x  x
12. f  x   x2  3x  2
f  x 2  3x  2    x 2  3x  2   3x 2  9 x  6  2
2
 x 4  6 x3  2 x 2  21x  12
a  b  c  d  e  1  6  2  21  12
 30
13. f  x  1  x2  3x  2
f  x  2   f  x  1  1
 x 2  3x  2
  x  1  3  x  1  2
2
 x 2  1  2 x  3x  3  2
 x2  x
 1 1
14. f  x    x3  3
 x x
x  1,
 f 1  1  2
Page 16
On verify options 2 f  x   x2  2
 42  2
15. f  n   10  n, n  3k  1
Verify options
2 1,4,7
f 1  10  1  9  z
1  3k  1
k  0 z
f  4   10  4  6  z
4  3k  1
k  1  z f  7   10  7  3  z
7  3k  2
k  2 z
16. f  x   cos  log x 
f  x2  f  y2 
 cos  log x 2  cos  log y 2 
 x2 
 f x y  f  2 
2 2
y 
 x2 
 
 cos log  x 2 y 2   cos log  2 
y 
 cos  log x 2  log y 2   cos  log x 2  log y 2 
 2 cos  log x 2  cos log  y 2 
1  x2  
f  x2 . f  y 2    f  x 2 2
y   f  2 
2  y 
 cos  log x 2  .cos  log y 2   cos log x 2 .cos  log y 2 
=0
Page 17
f  x 10  x
17. e 
10  x
 10  x 
f  x   log  
 10  x 
 200 x 
f  x   kf  2 
 100  x 
 200 x 
10  100  x 2 
 k log 
200 x 
10  
 100  x 2 
 100  x 2  20 x 
 k log  
 100  x  20 x 
2
 10  x 
2
 k log  
 10  x 
 10  x 
 2k log  
 10  x 
2k  1
1
k
2
1 x 
18. f  x   log  
1 x 
 1  x1  1  x2 
f  x1   f  x2   log   
 1  x1  1  x2 
 1  x1  x2  x1 x2 
 log  
 1  x1  x2  x1 x2 
Verify options
 x1  x2 
 x1  x2  1 x1 x2 
f   log  x1  x2

 1  x1 x2  1 
 
 x1 x2 
 1  x1 x2  x1  x2 
 log  
 1  x1 x2  x1  x2 
Page 18
19. f  x  x  2
g  x  f  f  x    x  20 
Let, x  21
 g  x   f f  21
 f  21  2
 f 19   17
Verify options
3 x  4  21  4  17
20. f  x   x
fofof  x   f f   x 
 f  x 
 x
fofof   x    x
fofof  x   fofof   x   2 x
Verify
 3 2 f  2 x 
 2x
21. f  x   x; g  x  x
f  x   g  x   x  x  2 x, x  0
Or
 x if x  0
22. f  x    x2 , x  0 f  0  0
f  x   x2 , x  0
x  3  f  3  9
x  3  f  3  9
Verify
Page 19
4 x x  3  3  9
x x  3  3  9
23. Conceptual
24. g f  x   sin x
f g  x   sin 
2
x
Verify
1 f g  x  f  x   sin 2
x
g f  x   g  sin 2 x 
 sin x
25. 1. f    f  3.14   3
2. f  2   f  6.28  6
   3.14 
3. f   f    f 1.52 
2  2 
1
Ans-3
1
26. f  x 
2
1 1
 x   x  
2 2
 x   x  1
  x  1 0   x  1x 
Ans :3
1 x  0 
 
27. f  x    0 x  0
 1 x  0
 
g  x   1  x   x
Page 20
f g  2009  f 1  2009  2009 

g f  2009  g 1
f 1

g 1
1
 1
111
28. Conceptual
29. f g  x   f  x   x 
  x   x 
  x   x
0
30. f  x   x , g  x    x
f g  x  f  x    x   0
g f  x   g x   x   0
g f  x   f g  x  x  R
  x 3  x  1
 
31. f  x   x 1  x  1 
 x 1  x  3 

 x : f  x   0  f  x  is + ve
 f  x  is +ve in case f  x   x &   x 
 x   1,3 
32. f  z   9  1  23
f  x   1  x3
f 3  1  33  28
33. f  3  80
 1  34
f  x   1  x4
Page 21
1 1
f    1 4
 x x
1 1
f  x   f    1  x4  1  4
 x x
1
  x4
x4
Or
1  x8

x4
34. f  x  y  f  x  f  y
f 1  7  f 1  1.7
 f  x  x 7
n
n  n  1
  f r   7
r 1 2
35. f  xy   f  x   f  y 
 f  2  1
 f  2   k .log e 2  1
1
k
log e2
k  log 2 e
36. f  x   f 1  x   1
 we get half ones with total function numbers

1996
  998
2
37. f  x  y   f  x  f  y   f  x  x  f  a  y  put x  a, y  0
 f  a   f  a . f  0  f  0. f  a 
 f a  f a  0
f  2a  x   f  a   x  a  
 f  a  f  x  a   f  a  a  f  a  x  aa 
Page 22
0  f 0 f  x 
  f  x
38. f  x 
 x  a  x  b 
x
Let, x  a; y  b, z  c
f  x f  y f z
  
 x  y  x  z   y  z  y  x   z  x  z  y 
k

xyz
 00
 c  a  c  b   k
c  c  a  c  b  abc
1 k

c abc
k  ab
1
39. 2 f  x   3 f    x2 , x  0
 x -1
1
Replace x by
x
1 1
3 f  x   2 f    2 2
 x x
From 1 and 2
1
4 f  x   6 f    2x2
 x
1 3
9 f  x   6 f    2
 x x
3
5 f  x   2 x 2 
x2
2 3 
f  x     x2  2 
5 5x 
8 3 
f  2     
 5 20 
Page 23
35 7
 
20 4
7
 f  2 
4
f  x  y , x  y   xy
40.
p q
p  q  2x p  q  2y
pq pq
x y
2 2
 pq pq
f  p, q    , 
 2 2 
 x y x y x  y
2 2
f  x  y   ,  
 2 2  4
f  x, y   f   y, x 
AM 
2
x2  y 2 y 2  x2
 
4 4
2
AM  0
41. f  x   log x3 , g  x   3log x
 f  x   g  x  x
Problems on even and odd functions

42. f  x   px2  qx4  r
f is even function
 p, q, r can be any real number
43. f  x   ax5  bx3  cx  d
f  x  is odd function
 f  x   f  x
d 0
44. f  x  is even polynomial
Page 24
 sin  f  x   3 x  is neither odd or even function
45. conceptual
46. conceptual
47. f  x   cos x is symmetric about line x  0
i.e. every even function is symmetric about y-axis
48.  f is even function
 
f  x   cos ln x  x 2  1 
 
f   x   cos ln  x  x 2  1 
  1 
 cos  ln     f  x
  x  x 1  
2
Ans : 1
49. y  f  x  is symmetrical about line x  2, then x  2  0 or 2  x  0
 f 2  x  f 2  x
Problems on inverse of an element and inverse of a function
50. f 1  100   x
 f  x   100
x  x 1
  100 or     100
2  2 
 x  200 x  201
Ans : 3
 
1
f  x  4   x  7 y
3 5
51.
1
4   x  7 3  y5
1
4  y5   x  7 3
Page 25
x  7  3 4  y5
x3 4  y5  7
f 1
 x  3 4 x 7
52. f : 1,   2, 

1
f  x  x  y
x
 x 2  xy  1  0
y  y2  4
x
2
x  x2  4
f 1  x  
2
f  x  2
x  x 1
53. y
x  x  1  2 y log2 y
x 2  x  log 2 y  0
1  1   4  ( log 2 y )
x
2
1  1  4log 2 y

2
1  1  4log 2 x
f 1  x  
2
54. Inverse of step function is not defined (periodic function)
(not one-one)
55.  f 1  x   g  x 
f  x   y   x  1  y
2
 x 1  y, y  0
 x  y  1, y  0
g  x  x  1, x  0
Page 26
Ans :4
56. f : 1,   R
f  x    x  1  1, x  1
2
It is not onto co-domain  range

 inverse not exists
Problems on domains
2x 1
57. f  x 
x  4 x 2  3x
3
x3  4 x 2  3x  0
x  0, x 2  3x  x  3  0
 x  1 x  3  0
x  , 3
Domain is R  0,1, 3
58. x  x2  0 and 3x  1  2 x 2  0
x 1  x   0 and 2 x 2  3x  1  0
  2 x  1 x  1  0

  
 
1  1
O  1
and 2
1
O x0 and   x 1
2
1
  x 1
2
Ans : 2
Page 27
59. 25  9x2  x2  x  1
25  9 x 2  0
9 x 2  25  0
9 x 2  25
5
x
3
 5 5
x   , 
 3 3
x3 2 x
60. 0 and 0
x3 2 x
 
   
3  3 2  2
 x   , 3  3,   x   2, 2 
 x 
Ans : 
61. Sign Rule

1
f  x 
 x  1 x  2  x  3
Is defined when f  x   0
 x  1 x  2  x  3  0
x  1,2   3, 
2x  1
62. 0
x  x  1 2 x  1
1 1
  0, x 
x  x  1 2
Page 28
 
1 
O
x   , 1   0,  
Ans: 3
63. x 2  10 x  11  0
 x  11 x  1  0
Domain is   , 1   1,11  11,  
1
64. f  x 
x x
x x0
x x
x    ,0 
65. x2  4 x  3  0
x2  4x  3  0
 x  1 x  3  0
x    ,3   1,1   3,  
1
66.
log x
cos x  0

x   2n  1 , n  Z
2
  
Domain: R   2n  1 n  z 
 2 
  
Range  n  , n  z 
 2 
x2   x
2
67.
Page 29
For values root value is imaginary
Domain is R   Z
x  1.5  2.25  4  1.75
1
68. log x
 x  0, x  1
x
Domain is  0,1  1,  
 x5 
69. f  x   log  2 3 x5
 x  10 x  24 
x5
  0 & 1
x  10 x  24
2
x5  0 x 2  10 x  24  0
x5 x   4,5    6,  
 x  4  x  6   0
x    , 4    6,  
Domain is x   4,5   6,  
1
70. f  x 
log x
x  1;  x  0
 R  1,1,0
 4  x2 
71. log  
 1 x 
 
1  x2
0
1 x
1  x   4  x2  0
x  1 x  2
x  1, 2 
72. log a x  a  1
Page 30
x0
 x 1, 
 5x  x2 
73. log10  
 4 
5x  x2 5x  x2
log10 0 0
4 4
5x  x2
1 x2  5x  0
4
5x  x2  4  x  0  x  5  0
x2  5x  4  0 x   0,5 
 x  1 x  4   0
x  1,4
74. f  x   log log 0.2 x

x  0, log 0.2 x  0
 log 0.2 x  0
x   0.2 
0
x 1
x   0,1
1
75. log
sin x
sin x  0
sin x  sin 0
x  n , n  z
Domain is R   x  n / n  z
76. log  sin 2 x 
sin 2 x  0
x  n  0
x  n , n  z
Page 31
77. f  x   log10  x4  6 x 

 x4  6 x  0
 x4   6 x
 x  4   6  x    x  4  . 6  x   0
  x  4  6  x   0
x   4,6 
78. log e log e x
log e x  0 & x  0
x  e0
x 1
 x   0,1  1,  
79. log10 log10 log10 log10 log10 x  f  x 
f  x  0
log10 log10 log10 x  10e
log10 log10 x  10
log10 x  1010
x  1010 
10

x  1010 , 
10

80. f  x   log  x  1  log  x  2 
 x 1 
g  x   log  
 x2
x 1
 x  1  0, x  2  0, 0
x2
x  1, x  2 ,  x  1 x  2   0
x   2,    x    ,1   2,  
x   2,  
Page 32

81. f  x    x  sin
 x  1
x 1  0
x  1
x    , 1   0,   or R  1
1
1
ex 1
82.
1 x
e x
1
1 x
0
x
1 x  0
x 1
x  1,  
f  x
ex  e e
83.
f  x   e1  ex
f  x   log e  e  e x 
e  e   0 x
e1  e x
x 1
x    ,1
Problems on range
f : R  B f  x   x2  4x  5
84.
a0
4ac  b 2 20  16
  1
Min Value 4a 4
 Range= 1, 
f  x   x2  4 x  5
85.
Min Value = 1
Page 33
Rangeis 1,
 4,  is  1, 
86.

1
2
 2 x 2  8 y 2  18 z 2  12 yz  6 zx  4 xy 

1
2
 x  2 y  2
  2 y  3z    3z  x 
2 2

0
Ans: 3
87. a 2  b2  c2  2
Range of ab  bc  ca is
2 / 2,2  1,2

x2
88. f  x  y
1  x2
x2 y  y  x2
x2  y 1   y
y
x
1 y
x x
 f 1  x   is real when  0, x  1
1 x 1 x
x 1  x   0
 x  0  x  1  0
x  0,1
It is domain and range
x2
89. f  x 
x4  1
Page 34
1  2 1 
  x  2  0
x2  2  
1 x
x
1
Min. Value 
2
f  0   0  Min value
 1
Range = 0, 
 2
1  tan x
90. y
1  tan x
1 1  tan x

y 1  tan x
1  y 1  tan x  1  tan x

1  y 1  tan x  1  tan x
1 y
tan x 
1 y
1 y 
f 1  x   tan 1  
1 y 
y 1  0
y  1
Domain is R   1
sin   x 2  1
91. f  x 
x4  1
f  x   sin n  0, n  z
Range -0
92. f : 1,    2, 
1
f  x  x  y
x
x 2  xy  1  0
y  y2  4
x
2
Page 35
x  x2  4
f 1  x  
2
93. Rangeof  sin xis 1,1
94.  tan x
Range of tan x is   ,  
Range of  tan x is Z
 
95. f  x   cos  y  x
2 2
1.57  x  1.57
1.5 0 1.5
-2 0 1
f  2   cos  2   cos 2
f  0   cos 0  1
f 1  cos1
Range = cos 2,1,cos1
96. A   x  x
 x  x
x  integers, R is ‘0’
B  x   x
x   x
x  R , Range is 0
A  B is 0
97. f  x    2 x  2 x
RRR
x  2  f  2  4  22
 44  0
x  2  f  2   4  4  0
Page 36
x  0.5  f  0.5  1  0  1
x  2,2  f  4.4  22.2  0

44  0
 Range  0,1
 4  x2 
98. f  x   sin log  
 1  x 
Range is 1,1
99. conceptual
Problems on nature of functions
100. f  x   3x  5
f 1  x  3  0
one-one x
f  1  8   1,1
Not function
101. f  x  3  4x
f 1  x   0  4.1  4  0
1  1 function
D   1.57,1.57 
 codomain  Range
10  R
 10  3  4x
 13  4x
13
x  3.2  Domain
4
2 x  5, x  0 
102. f  x   
3x  2, x  0 
Linear functions 1  1 functions
Range    , 2  5,   co domain not onto function
Page 37
 n 1
 , n  odd
103. f n   2
 n / 2, n  even
Is 1  1 function & onto

 co-domain = Range
104. f  x   x  x2
 x x
 x, x  0
f  x  
0, x  0
f  0   f  1  0
Not one-one
Range =  0,   co-domain not onto.
105. f  x  x x
 x2  0  x  1
  x2  1  x  0
x0
 one-one & onto
 bijection
106. f  x   x  1   x  2    x  3
 x 1  x  2  x  3
f  x  x 2 x3
Identity function 2 x
x3 x20
x 3 0 x2  x2
x  3    x  3
x
107. y  f  x  ,x  0
1 x
x
 ; x0
1 x
Page 38
 0, x  0
1  1 function y  1  co-domain
x
 1 
1 x
 x  x 1
 1  0 (no solution)
Not onto
e  e x
x
108. f  x  x
e  e x
Let x  1,
1
e
e  e 1
2
f 1 
1 e2  1
e
e
x  1,
e1  e1
f  1  0
e 1  e1
x0
ce
f  0  0
ee
 It is not one-one
 f  0   f  1  0
If f  x   1
e  e  x  e x  e  x  2e  x  0
x
 It is not onto
e x  e x
2 2
109. f  x 
e x  e x
2 2
e  e 1
f  1 
e  e 1
e  e1
f 1 
e  e1
Not one-one
Page 39
y  1  co-domain 
e x  e x  e x  e x
2 2 2 2
2e  x  0
2
Not onto
110. f  x   x2  x  1
f  0   1
f 1  0
It is one-one
Range f  x   R  co-domain of f  x 
 It is not onto
111. f  x   x2  2 x  3
f  0   3
f  2   3
It is not one-one
f  x   y  x2  2 x  3
  x  1 x  3
Range  co-domain
 It is not onto
It is only a function
112. f : R   0,1
1
f  x 
x 12
f 1  f  1  0.5

It is not one-one
f  0  1
Range = co-domain
It is onto function.
113. f :RR
Page 40
x2  4
f  x 
x2  1
3
f 1  f  1 
2
It is not one-one
Range  co-domain
3
 f 1  f  1   fraction 
2
 It is not onto
Therefore solution is neither 1  1 or onto
114. Conceptual
115. f  x   x   x
f 1  f  2   0
3
f    1.5  1.5  0
2
f  1.5  1.5  2  0.5
 It is neigher one-one (nor) onto
116. f  x   3x
f 1  3
f  2  9
It is 1  1 function
117. f  x   2logex
118. If f : A  B & g : B  C
Are one-one then
gof : A  C is also 1  1
f : A  B & g : B  C are two functions, gof  I A & fog  I B
Then f  g 1
Problems to be taught after complex numbers
e x  e x
119. f  x 
2
y  cohx
Page 41
x  cosh 1  y 

x  log y  y 2  1 

f 1  x   log x  x 2  1 
10 x  10 x
120. f  x  x y
10  10 x
This is in form of
e x  e x
 tan h 1  x 
e x  e x
1 1 x 
e  10  log e  
2 1 x 
1 1 x
 log10
2 1 x
121. f  x   4 x 3  3x  y
put x  cos 
y  cos3
1
  cos 1  y 
3
1
cos 1  x   cos 1  y 
3
1 
x  cos  cos 1  y  
3 
1 
f 1  x   cos  cos 1  x  
3 
tan 2 x
122. f  x 
6 cos x  2sin 2 x
sin 2 x
tan 2 x 
cos 2 x
cos2x  0

x   2n  1
4
6cos x  2sin 2 x  0
Page 42
6cos x  4sin x cos x  0
2cos x  3  2sin x   0
3
cos x  0 sin x  x
2

x   2n  1
2
 Domain is
   
R   2n  1    2n  1 
 4  2
1
123. f  x 
sin x  sin x
 sin x   sin x  0
sin x  0
 x   0,  
 
x   2n , 2  n  1 
 2
124. f  x  cos ecx  1
cos ecx  1  0
cos ecx  1
x   0,  
   
x  2n ,   2n  1  
  2 
125. f  x   sin x
sin x values are +ve

 
Domain must be  0, 
 2
126. f  x   sin x  cos x, g  x   x2  1
g f  x   g  sin x  cos x 
 sin 2x
Page 43
  
 2 x   , 
 2 2
  
 x   , 
 4 4
127. sin 1 5x Domain is  1,1

1  5x  1
1 1
 x
5 5
 1 1 
x , 
 5 5
sin 1  x  3
128. f  x 
9  x2
Is defined when
1  x  3  1
2 x4
x   2, 4  D
Is real when 9  x 2  0
 x2  9  0
 x   3,3
x   2,3
 3x  1 
129. 1  3 x  cos 1  
 2 
3x  1
 1  3x  0 1  1
2
3x  1  0  1  3x  3
1 1
x  x 1
3 3
 1 1 
x , 
 3 3
Page 44
130. cos1 3x
1  3x  1 3x  0
1  3x  1 x0
1 1
x
3 3
 1
x   0, 
 3
131. f  x   sin 1 x
sin 1 x  0 1  x  1
x  sin 0 x   1,1
x0
x  0,1

132. f  x   sin 1  2 x  
6
 2
0  sin 1 2 x  
6 3
 
 sin 1 2 x 
6 2
1 / 2  2 x  1
1 1
x
4 2
 1 1 
x , 
 4 2
3x  1
133. 1  1
2
1
  x  1  1
3
1  sin x  1x  R
Page 45
  
 sin x    , 
 2 2
 cos  sin x   0x  R   2 
1 
1   2   x   ,1
 3 
Ans: 4
 1  x2 
134. f  x   sin 1  log 2 x   sin 1    cos  sin x 
 2x 
 1  x2 
 sin 1  log 2 x   0 sin 1  0
 2x 
log 2 x  0 1  x2  2 x
x 1 x2  2x  1  0
x  1,   x 1
x    ,1
 Domain is 1
cos ec 1 x
135. f  x 
 x
Is defined when,  x  0
x   1,1 x   0,1
x    , 1  1, 
x  R  1,1
x  0.5
f  x  is undefined
Page 46
x 
f  x   sin 1   1  log x   x 
136. 2 
D1 D2
D1 D2
x
 1  1  1 x   x  0
2
x
0 2 x   x
2
x   0, 4 00 x
44 x
1.5  1
D2   0, 4   1, 2,3
 D is  0, 4   1, 2,3
x 
f  x   4 x  cos 1   1  log  cos x 
2
137. 2 
D1  4 x
2
is defined on R
x 
D2  cos 1   1
2 
x
1  1  1
2
0 x4 x  0,4
D3  log  cos x 
cos x  0
   
x , 
 2 2
 Domain is D  D2  D3
 
 x   0, 
 2
138. log  tan 1 x 
tan 1 x is defined when tan 1 x  0

x0
Page 47
x   0,  
x  R
f  x   log 2 log 3 log 4/  tan 1  x  

1
139.

log 2 log 3 log 4/  tan 1 x   0  0
1

log 3 log 4/  tan 1 x   0
1
log 4/  tan 1 x   1

1
1
 1
 4
 tan  
x
  

tan 1 x 
4
x 1
x   0,1
tan h 1 x  2 x  3
140. f  x 
4  x3
 tan h1  x  is defined  1,1
 1  2x  3  1
2  2x  4
1 x  2
x  1, 2 
D2  4  x2  0
x2  4  0
x   2, 2 
D1  D2
x  1, 2 
141. f  x   sin x  3 cos x  1
Page 48

Range  c  a 2  b 2 , c  a 2  b 2 
 1  2, 1  2
 1,3
142. f  x   sin x  cos x
Range is   2, 2 
 c  a 2  b 2 , c  a 2  b 2 
 
   2, 2 
 1.414101.414
 2, 1,0,1
 Range is 2, 1,0,1
143. Conceptual
144. f  x   tan 1  x
 
x
4 4
0.78  x  0.78
  0.78 00.78
 1,0,0
 f  x   tan 1  1
  / 4
f  0  tan 1  0
0
  
Range is  0,
 4 
145. f  x   x2  3x  2
f  2   8  6  2  12
Page 49
f  3  27  9  2  34
Range is 12,34
146. Conceptual
147. Conceptual
148. Conceptual
149. Conceptual
150 Conceptual
151. Conceptual
152. z R
 not onto
Also so many complex numbers will have same modulus
 not one – one
Ans: 4
153. Conceptual
154. Concepual
EXERCISE-III
Exercise -3 (Level -1)
1. f  x   2 f 1  x   x 2  2  1
f 1  x   2 f  x   1  x   2   2 
2
2 x  2   1  3 f  x   x 2  4 x  4
 x  2
2
 f  x 
3
Ans : 1
2. Same As LEVEL –II ,EXERCISE –IV
Q. NO : 7
Ans : 3
Page 50
f  x   2  x,0  x  2 
3. 
 3 x  2, x  2 
 2  x   2 x,0  x  2 
 
 x  2   2 x, x  2 
 x  2  2x
Ans : 1
5
4. f  2 
2
6 7
f  3  , f  4   ,......
2 2
n3
 f n   f 101  52
2
Ans : 1
5. f  x   a x
2  a
 f  x   2x
n n
 f  a  k    2a  k
k 1 k 1
 2  2 n  1 
 2a  
 2  1 
 2a 1  2n  1
 2a 1  16  a  3
Ans :1
6. sin 2   0  sin   0
   n , n  z
   100 ,1000 
Page 51
 n    1101
Ans : 4
 1   51   52   53 
7.    
 2  100  100  100 
 99  100   101  149 

.......         ....  
100  100  100  100 
 1  1  ....50 times  50
8. f x  f  x
x 1 x 1
  x,  x
x2 x2
 x 2  x  1  0 or x 2  3x  1  0
1  5 3  5
x x
2 2
Ans : 1
9. f  x   1 correct , f  y   1, f  z   2 are wrong
 f  x   1, f  y   1, f  z   2
f  x   1 wrong , f  y   1 correct , f  z   2 wrong
 f  x   4, f  y   2 or 4, f  z   2 or 4
f  x   1 wrong, f  y   1 wrong , f  z   2
 f  y   1, f  z   4, f  x   2
 f 1 1  y
Ans : A
11.
Page 52
 
  2
1
 x  1 or x  2
   x  or x   , 2    2,  
 x   1,1   , 2    2,  
Ans :1
12. sin  x  3  0, 16  x 2  0 4  x  4
2n  x  3   2n  1 , n  z
x   2n  3,  2n  1   3 , n  z
Domain   2n  3,  2n  1   3 , n  z   4, 4

Ans : 1
13. x  0, x  1,cos x  0
   
 x   0,1  1,     2n  , 2n   n  z 
 2 2 
Ans : 1
14. x0
Ans : 4
15. gof  x   g   x  
 cos   x 
 1,1
Ans :2
Page 53
16. 0  x  1  f  x   2x
 0  f  x   2  1
1  x  2  f  x   2x 1
 1  2 x  1  3   3
2  x  3  f  x   2x  2
 2  f  x   4   3
Range  0,4
Ans :2
17. 1  x  2  f  x   x2  1
 2  f  x   5  1
x2  1
2  x  3  f  x 
2
5
  f  x   5   2
2
x2  1
3  x  4  f  x 
3
10 17
  f  x    3
3 3
17
1   2    3  2  f  x  
3
Ans :1
18. f  x   ax  cos x
f 1  x   a  sin x
 a  sin x or a  sin x
 a  1 or a  1
Page 54
At end points a  1, 1 also bijective
 a   , 1  1,  
Ans : 4
x2
19. f  x 
x 1
x2
 ysay
x 1
 y  1, y  4
 onto
Also one –one
Ans :3
20. 4 x  4 x  0  not onto
many  one
Ans : 2
21. x3  3x  2 is strictly decreasing on  , 1
 x3  3x  2  4
 e x  3x  2  4
3
3
3x2
ex  e4
 not onto
But one –one
Ans : 4
Page 55
Problems to be taught after complex numbers
22. 1  sin x  1
2  2sin x  2
2 4  2sin x
 2
3 3
1 3
  2
2 4  2sin x
1 3
 for domain  1
2 4  2sin
1
   sin x  1
2
Ans :2
  
23. f 1  x    1  sin x  2 x   0X   , 
6 3
 f is strictly decreasing
     
Range   f  , f  
 3  6 
1     3  1  
   1   ,   
 2 3  3  2 6 6 
Ans : 1
Page 56

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Sri Chaitanya IIT Academy, India MATHEMATICS SOLUTIONS

Sri Chaitanya IIT Academy., India.

Problems on composite of functions & real valued functions:

From solving 1 & 2

a  b 1 sub 'a' in equation 1

Problems on even and odd functions

14. If f  x  is odd then f  f  x   is also odd

15. If f is even & g is odd then fog is odd function

24. Domain of 3 x cot x

26. f  x   log 3 18 x  x 2  77 

including zero B : R  0

Problems on nature of functions

f is a function because all elements in A contain atleast one image in B.

f is not a function because image of 1 is not present in co-domain.

f  x   x2 is one-one because different elements have different images. It is not on

x & y are subsets of R, f  x   x is one-one but not onto

f is one-one but not onto

 f is one-one & onto  bijection

 f is not one-one & onto

42. A  1, 2,3, 4,5

No. of functions is 54  625

No. of onto function are

No. of bijections are n  A!  10!

For no. of bijections

f 2008  x  ; 2008 is even

fof  x  is defined only on 0,1  0,1 are belongs to Q

G  G 1   G 1    11  1 

16. f  x   cos  log x 

 cos  log x 2  cos  log y 2 

 cos  log x 2  log y 2   cos  log x 2  log y 2 

 2 cos  log x 2  cos log  y 2 

 cos  log x 2  .cos  log y 2   cos log x 2 .cos  log y 2 

 f  x  is +ve in case f  x   x &   x 

f 1  7  f 1  1.7

 we get half ones with total function numbers

Problems on even and odd functions

43. f  x   ax5  bx3  cx  d

49. y  f  x  is symmetrical about line x  2, then x  2  0 or 2  x  0

Problems on inverse of an element and inverse of a function

52. f : 1,   2, 

It is not onto co-domain  range

Domain is R  0,1, 3

 x   , 3  3,   x   2, 2 

61. Sign Rule

x  1.5  2.25  4  1.75

74. f  x   log log 0.2 x

76. log  sin 2 x 

77. f  x   log10  x4  6 x 

78. log e log e x

79. log10 log10 log10 log10 log10 x  f  x 

log10 log10 log10 x  10e

log10 log10 x  10

2 / 2,2  1,2

It is domain and range

Range = cos 2,1,cos1

x  2,2  f  4.4  22.2  0

Is 1  1 function & onto

f 1  f  1  0.5

sin x values are +ve

126. f  x   sin x  cos x, g  x   x2  1

127. sin 1 5x Domain is  1,1

 cos  sin x   0x  R   2 

tan 1 x is defined when tan 1 x  0