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Egyptian Civilization 3as
Egyptian Civilization 3as
Egyptian Civilization 3as
Before reading
Ancient Egyptian civilization was one of the earliest and greatest civilizations, which began in about 3100
BC, flourished for over 2000 years up until 1070 BC, and ended in about 30 BC. Ancient Egyptian
civilization was remarkable for its richness and sophistication, seen not only in the great monuments that
to this day bear witness to the power of pharaohs and the skill of engineers, but also in its evolved system
of government, the invention of irrigation and picture writing; the beginning of astronomy, mathematics,
and medicine, and its concepts of life after death and great artistic skill.
Modern knowledge about life in Ancient Egypt is derived from the great monuments and tombs that still
exist today and from the findings of archaeology preserved in the arid climate. A significant facet of
Egyptology is the information provided by writings in hieroglyphics script, covering the walls of tombs
and temples , obelisks ,and columns , and found on clay tablets and in contemporary manuscripts , these
writings describe various aspects of life in Ancient Egypt.
Ancient Egyptian civilization began around 3100 BC , when the kingdoms of Lower Egypt ( on the Nile
delta) and Upper Egypt ( south of the delta) were unified by the legendary king, Menes, who ruled from
the capital , Memphis. The period known as the old Kingdom was established in 2686 BC: it was during
the old King that hieroglyphics writing developed and the pyramids were built. The Middle Kingdom
(1991-1789 BC) was a period of prosperity, when Nubia , taken by conquest , became part of the kingdom
of Egypt and trade links in Asia were established. During the new kingdom ( 1554-1196) , when the capital
was moved to Thebes, the Egyptian empire was at its greatest and Egyptian civilization reached its zenith.
As you read
After reading
❶-Read the coping and identify the type of the text above.
Coping
The ancient Egyptians were ruled by the __________________, a title that means __________________.
The pharaohs wore double ________________, which represented their rule over Upper and Lower Egypt.
When the pharaohs died they were buried in elaborate ____________________.