The diagrams show two Bunsen burners.

One burner has the air hole closed, and the other has
1. the air hole open.

(a) Explain why opening the air hole of a Bunsen burner makes the flame hotter.

....................................................................................................................

....................................................................................................................
1 mark

(b) Natural gas is methane, CH4. It is burned in a Bunsen burner.

Complete the word equation for the chemical reaction in the clear blue flame.

methane + ............................. → ............................. + .............................

2 marks
Maximum 3 marks

This question is about three different fuels, A, B and C.

2.
Fuel A is stored in tanks. It is not stored under pressure. It flows along a pipe to where it is
needed.

Fuel B is stored under pressure in small cylinders. It is used by campers.

Fuel C can be stored in sacks or bags.

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(a) (i) Tick the correct box.

Fuel A is a:

solid

liquid

gas
1 mark

Name a fuel which A could be .............................................................

1 mark

(ii) Tick the correct box.

When fuel B comes out of the cylinder this is a:

solid

liquid

gas
1 mark

Name a fuel which B could be .............................................................

1 mark

(iii) Tick the correct box.

Fuel C is a:

solid

liquid

gas
1 mark

Name a fuel which C could be .............................................................

1 mark

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 (b) Complete the statement to describe what happens when a fuel burns.

Two waste products formed from burning fuels are

................................................. and .....................................................

2 marks
Maximum 8 marks

Many human activities result in carbon dioxide emissions.

3. Our carbon footprint is a measure of how much carbon dioxide we each cause to be produced.

(a) Why should we be concerned about our carbon footprint?

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................
(1)

(b) Most power stations in the UK burn coal.

Coal was formed from tree-like plants over millions of years.

Suggest why burning wood instead of coal would help to reduce our carbon footprint.

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................
(3)
(Total 4 marks)

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Mark schemes
(a) any one from
1.
• more air or oxygen
accept ‘gas reaching the flame
already has air or oxygen mixed in it’

• better mixing gives more combustion or more efficient burning

accept ‘better or faster combustion’
accept the converse i.e. arguments applied
to a Bunsen with a closed air-hole
1 (L6)

(b) oxygen
do not accept ‘air’
1 (L6)

carbon dioxide + water

both products are required for the mark
products may be in either order
accept ‘carbon monoxide + water’
disregard any reference to heat or energy
accept correct formulae for words
the equation need not be balanced
1 (L6)
[3]

(a) (i) liquid

2.
if more than one box is ticked award no mark
accept ‘A’ in the liquid box instead of a tick
1

petrol or oil or diesel

accept a brand name
or paraffin or kerosene
1

(ii) gas
if more than one box is ticked award no mark
accept ‘B’ in the gas box instead of a tick
1

gas or natural gas or calor

accept a brand name
gas or butane or propane
do not accept ‘hydrogen’ or methane or camping gaz
1

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 solid
if more than one box is ticked award no mark
accept ‘C’ in the solid box instead of a tick
1

coal or coke or wood or charcoal

accept a brand name or ‘peat’
1

(b) any two from

• carbon dioxide

• water accept ‘steam’

• smoke accept ‘soot’

• ash

• gases accept ‘fumes’

• sulphur dioxide accept ‘nitrogen oxides’

• carbon monoxide
do not accept ‘heat’ or ‘energy’ or ‘lead’
2
[8]

(a) (thought to cause) global warming / green house (effect) / climate change
3.
ignore other consequences of global warming
do not accept acid rain / ozone layer / global dimming
1

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(b) any three from:

• replant trees / renewable / sustainable

ignore reusable

• carbon (dioxide) used by trees / photosynthesis

accept trees absorb carbon (dioxide) as they grow
ignore respiration

• it is a (continuous / carbon) cycle

accept burning wood is carbon neutral

or
carbon (dioxide) goes back into the air
for the second and third bullet points: accept trees use carbon
dioxide which is released when (trees / wood are / is) burnt for 2
marks

• no new carbon (dioxide) is produced

or
no locked up carbon (dioxide) is released

or
the carbon (dioxide) was absorbed millions of years ago
3
[4]

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