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Memory: trí nhớ, kỷ niệm

Consider: cân nhắc, xem như là

= be seen as: được xem như là , coi như là

Nature ['neit∫ə]

(n) tự nhiên

=> natural ['næt∫rəl]

(adj) thuộc về

 Naturally (adv) một cách tự nhiên

Can: có thể (modal verbs)

Cannot : không thể

Changed (adj) thay đổi

Improve( v) cải thiện

This có thể được dùng trong bài khi nó đại diện cho ý nghĩa của câu đằng trước

.( ý nghĩa tường tận, dễ hiểu )

Doubt : nghi ngờ

Reasons :

Effort (n) nỗ lực

Effortlessly (n) một cách dễ dàng

Explain: giải thích

Struggle with/against: đấu tranh với

Dates (n) ngày tháng

Focus on = concentrate on = tập trung

= pay attention to

Adj – ed => mô tả cho cảm xúc, trạng thái con người

Adj – Ving => cho vật

Hardly (adv) hầu như không

Hard = hard working

Hard (adj) cứng, khó, chăm chỉ, ….

Slightly(adv) một cách nhẹ nhàng

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Consciously (v) một cách có ý thức

Easily (adv) một cách dễ dàng

The more adj, the more

The adj+er , the adj+er

The more, the merrier

Ex: The harder you study, the more you achieved!

Bạn càng chăm học, bạn càng đạt được nhiều hơn!

Physical exercise: thể dục thể chất

Physics: môn vật lí

Increase : tăng

Decrease: giảm

Hurt : đau

Heart : trái tim

Heart rate: nhịp tim

Degree: bằng cấp

Grade: lớp

Level: hạng, mức

The old saying: một tục ngữ,

Brainy (adj) thông minh; khôn khéo

Discover (v) khám phá

High in fat/sugar = fat/vitamin rich

Founded (v) thành lập

Found (v) tìm thấy

Made of : This shirt is made of cotton

( không thay đổi chất liệu )

Made from: Wine is made from grapes.

( có thay đổi chất liệu )

Existed (v) tồn tại

Divide into : chia ra = separate = split : chia

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Break up = split up with sb = chia tay

Break (v) vỡ , làm vỡ

Broke (v) túng quẫn

Broken (v) phân từ 2

Broken (adj) hỏng, suy sụp

Break down (pv) hỏng , trầm cảm,

Equally (v) một cách công bằng, bình đẳng

Recommend (v) đề xuất

Integrate (v) tích hợp

Disagree >< agree

Abandon : bỏ rơi

Limited = restricted = giới hạn

Foster : thúc đẩy, nâng cao

Nurture : nuôi dưỡng , ủng hộ, khuyến khích

Poverty: sự nghèo khó

Properly: đúng cách

Property: tài sản

Give up : từ bỏ

Go up : đi lên

Make up : trang điểm, bịa đặt, bù đắp,

Borrow : mượn >< lend : cho vay

Raise :làm tăng

Make money = earn

Duty : việc

Household : hộ gia đình

Chores : việc nhà

Conventional (adj) theo tục lệ, cổ truyền

Contemporary (adj) đương thời, hiện tại,

= latest , lately, new, recently

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Temporary (adj) tạm thời

Permanent (adj) vĩnh viễn

Unemployment rate (v) tỉ lệ thất nghiệp

Professor (v) giáo sư

Professional (n) chuyên nghiệp ,

nghề nghiệp, người có tay nghề,

# expert (n) chuyên gia

Profession (n) nghề, nghề nghiệp

49, seek = search = look for

Solution = giải pháp

Prevent … from : ngăn cản

Domestic (adj) nội địa

Recreation (n) trò tiêu khiển

Remedy (n) phương thuốc, giải pháp

Technique (n) kĩ thuật

15/4/2023

Contrast (v.n) sự tương phản

Compare (v) so sánh

On the contrary = In contrast (Trái lại)

Enriched (adj) được làm giàu, phong phú,

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1 We find(nhận thấy) that bright children are rarely(barely, scarcely,
hardly,sometimes ) held back by mixed-ability teaching( việc dạy học đa
kĩ năng) . On the contrary( Trái lại) , both their knowledge and
experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in
streaming pupils. It does not take into account the fact that children
develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright
and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be
at the bottom of the top grade!

2 Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their


intellectual ability. This is only one aspect of their total personality.
We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full,
not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and
social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all
these aspects of learning.

3 In our classroom, we work in various(nhiều, đa dạng) ways. The


pupils often work in groups; this gives them the opportunity(cơ hội =
chance ) to learn to co-operate, to share, and to develop leadership
skills.(kĩ năng lãnh đạo) They also learn how to cope with( = face up
to/face with/ deal with = đối mặt với / struggle with ) the personal
problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to
analyze and evaluate( phân tích và đánh giá ) , to communicate( giao
tiếp ) effectively( một cách hiệu quả) . The pupils learn from each other
as well as from the teachers.

4 Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes the work on


individual tasks and assignments, they can do this at their own speed.
They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate.
We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the
skills they need in order to do this effectively. An advanced pupil can
do advanced works; it does not matter what age the child is. We
expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them
every encouragement to attain this goal.

Question 1: The phrase “held back” in paragraph 1 means_________.


A. made to lag behind ( làm cho chậm lại ) F
B. prevented from advancing( ngăn cản tiến lên/phát triển) T

hold back (v) kìm hãm

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C. forced to study in lower classes( bắt buộc phải học ở lớp thấp hơn)
NG

D. made to remain in the same classes( bị bắt phải ở lại lớp) NG

Question 2: The author(tác giả = writer) argues(nhận định/tranh cãi) that


a teacher’s chief concern should be the development of the pupils’_____
People ['pi:pl]

Pupil ['pju:pl]

Chief (n/adj) người lãnh đạo, chính chủ yếu

Ability (n) khả năng

Academic = intellectual (adj) thuộc về học thuật

Value (n) giá trị

Value (v) định giá, coi trọng,

Aspect (n) khía cạnh

Social skills (n) kĩ năng xã hội

Contribute to (v) đóng góp tới/cho

A. intellectual abilities B. learning ability and communicative


skills
C. personal and social skills D. total personality

Question 3: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?


A. Pupils also learn how to participate in teaching activities T

= formal class teaching

Participate in = join in = take part in = tham gia (involve in – liên


quan đến )

B. Group work gives pupils the opportunity to learn to work together


with others T

= co – operate

C. Pupils also learn to develop their reasoning ability(biện luận, lý luận,


suy luận) T

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= analyze and evaluate

D. Group work provides the pupils with the opportunity to learn to be


capable organizers

Question 4: The author’s purpose (mục đích) of writing this passage is to


______.

A. offer advice on the proper use of the school library

B. argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class

C. recommend pair work and group work classroom activities F


( individual )

D. emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching

Question 5: According to the passage, which of the following is NOT


true?
A. There is no fixed method in teaching pupils to develop themselves
to the full

B. Development of pupils as individuals is not the aim of group work

C. It’s not good for a bright child to find out that he performs worst in a
mixed-ability class

D. Pupils cannot develop in the best way if they are streamed into
classes of different intellectual abilities

Question 6: According to the passage, which of the following is an


advantage of mixed-ability teaching?
A. A pupil can be at the bottom of a class

B. Pupils as individuals always have the opportunities to work on their


own

C. Formal class teaching is the important way to give pupils essential


skills such as those to be used in the library.

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D. Pupils can be hindered from an all-round development

Question 7: According to the passage, “streaming pupils” ______


A. is the act of putting pupils into class according to their academic
abilities

B. aims at enriching both their knowledge and experience

C. is quite discouraging

D. will help the pupils learn best

Question 8: According to the author, mixed-ability teaching is more


preferable because _______
A. children can learn to work with each other to solve personal
problems

B. it doesn’t have disadvantages as in streaming pupils

C. its aim at developing the children’s total personality

D. formal class teaching is appropriate

BTVN : deadline ngày 16/4/2023

Dịch bài thành Tiếng Việt

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