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Structural loads, structural analysis and structural design are simply explained with the worked example for

easiness
of understanding. Element designs with notes and discussions have added to get comprehensive knowledge. Also,
construction materials, shoring system design, water retaining structures, crack width calculations, etc. have
discussed in addition to other aspects.

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Stability Analysis of Structures 


Slab Design to BS 8110
BY PRASAD ·
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 Skin Friction of Soil [ why it important ]

Slab design is comparatively easy when compared with the design of other elements. The
first stage of the design is finding the bending moment of the slab panels.

Depending on the boundary condition and the properties of the slabs, methods of finding
bending moment is expressed in the BS 8110 Part 01 as follows.

One way spanning slabs

the following table can be referred.

► Bridge (5)
► Construction (29)
► Design (23)
► Design and Construction (46)
► Design Loads (5) There is two conditions that should be satisfied to use the above table.
► Design to BS 5950 (4)
▼ Design to BS 8110 (14) 1. The ratio of the characteristic imposed load to characteristic dead load does not exceed
» Beam Design for Torsion | Worked 1.25
Example
2. Characteristic imposed load does not exceed 5 N/mm2 excluding partitions
» Beam Design to BS 8110
» Cantilever Slab Design Simply supported slabs – Two way spanning
» Comparison of BS and EC2
» Concrete Beam [design and detailing] The bending moment can be found using bending moment coe icients given in the code.
» Cover to Reinforcement as per BS 8110 There are two equations that can be used to find the bending moments.
» Design Strength BS 8110
» Doubly Reinforced Beam Design to BS msx= αsxnlx2msy= αsynlx2
8110
Here msx and msy are the bending moments at each direction, αsx and αsyy are the bending
» How to Check Section is Over Reinforced
» Punching Shear Design a Detailed moment coe icients and lx is the shorter span of the slab panel.
Discussion
» Punching Shear Perimeter
» Shear Design of Beam
» Slab Design to BS 8110
» Under Reinforced Section Design
► Design to EC2 (13)
► Design to EC3 (5)
► Foundation Design (47)
► Geotechnical Design (17)
► Materials (95)
► Post Tension (4)
► Project Management (25)
► Retaining Structures (15) The following table can be referred to find the bending moment coe icients.
► Road (1)
► Seismic Design (14)
► Servisibility Design (17)
► Special Designs (29)
Restrain slabs – Two way spanning
► Structural Detaling (15)
► Structural Failures (7) There is a table to find the bending moment coe icients depending on the boundary
► Testing (16)
conditions and the ratio of the two spans which is a large span to a small span.

Using the above-explained method, binding moments can be found in each case. In
addition, the span behind moments at supports also can be found from the above Table.
Notation of the bending moments at span and supports are as follows.

Design Example

The ration of shorter span to a longer span = 1.3


Characteristic strength of concrete = 25 N/mm2
Cover to the reinforcement = 25 mm

Characteristic strength of reinforcement = 460 N/mm2

Shorter Span = 3m
Slab thickness = 150mm
Live Load = 2.5 kN/mm2
Finishes and partitions = 1 kN/mm2

Consider a slab panel with two adjacent edgers discontinues

From table 3.14 (see above), found bending moment coe icients are as follows.

At Short Span
Negative moment at continues edge = 0.069
Positive moment at mid-span = 0.051

At Longer Span
Negative moment at continues edge = 0.045
Positive moment at mid-span = 0.035

Find Desing Loads

Dead Load = 0.15x 24


= 3.6 kN/mm2

Total Dead Load = 3.6 + 1

= 4.6 kN/mm2

Live load = 2.5 kN/mm2

Design Load = 1.4 Dead Load + 1.6 Live Load


= 1.4×4.6 + 1.6×2.5
= 10.44 kN/mm2

Find the bending moments

Positive moment at mid span (shorter span)

msx = 0.051×10.44×32
= 4.8 kNm

Positive moment at mid span (longer span)

msy = 0.035×10.44×32
= 3.3 kNm

Similarly, bending moments at supports also can be found from the above coe icients.

Design of shorter span


E ective depth = 150-25-10/2
= 120 mm

K = M/bd2fcu
= 4.8×106/(1000×1202x25)
= 0.028

K < Kʼ = 0.156

Hence, section is singly reinforced.


Z = d[0.5+{0.25-K/0.9}1/2]
= 120[0.5+{0.25-0.028/0.9}1/2]
= 116.174 mm

As = M / (0.95fyZ)
= 4.8×106 / (0.95x460x116.174)
= 197 mm2

Provide T10 bars at a spacing of 200mm.


Provided reinforcement 393 mm2/m

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Design Servisibility Design Special MATERIALS
Designs Structural Detaling Structural What is Galvanic Corrosion | Occurrence and
Failures Testing Prevention

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