ACTIVITY 1

DIRECTION: Compare and contrast the context of the Philippines between the two-
time periods. List down the major changes or important events in the 19th century as
well as in the present society. Do not forget to list down the similarities. (15pts)

19TH CENTURY PRESENT

COLONIAL PERIOD: The Philippines was
under Spanish rule during most of the 19th
century.
CULTURAL INFLUENCES: The Spanish
colonization left a significant impact on the
culture, language, and religion of the
Philippines. The introduction of Christianity,
particularly Roman Catholicism, greatly
influenced the society.
AGRICULTURAL ECONOMY: The economy
was largely agrarian, with farming and trade
playing crucial roles. The principal crops
were rice, sugar, and tobacco.
GALLEON TRADE: The Philippines was an
important stop in the Galleon Trade, a
maritime trade route connecting Manila to
Acapulco in Mexico, facilitating the exchange
of goods between Asia and the Americas.
KATIPUNAN REVOLUTION: Towards the end
of the century, the Katipunan, a
revolutionary society, was formed, marking
the beginning of the Philippine Revolution
against Spanish colonial rule.
INDEPENDENCE: The Philippines gained
independence from colonial rule in 1946,
after World War II, following a period of
American colonization.
DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC: The Philippines
is now a democratic republic with a
presidential form of government.
ECONOMIC CHANGES: The economy has
shifted from predominantly agrarian to a
more diverse structure, including
services, industry, and information
technology.
GLOBALIZATION: The Philippines is more
connected to the global economy,
participating in international trade and
having a significant Overseas Filipino
Worker (OFW) diaspora.
CULTURAL DIVERSITY: The country has a
rich cultural diversity with influences
from various sources, including
indigenous cultures, Spanish
colonization, and modern globalization.

SIMILARITIES

Religious Influence: Roman Catholicism remains a dominant religion and continues to play a
significant role in Filipino culture and society.

Agriculture: While the economy has diversified, agriculture still plays a vital role, especially in rural
areas.

Colonial History Impact: The historical influence of Spanish colonization is still evident in various
aspects of Filipino life, from language to customs.

Challenges: Both periods faced and continue to face challenges such as poverty, corruption, and
socio-economic disparities.
ACTIVITY 2
DIRECTION: Reflect on the importance of a person’s context and his/her awareness
of the various problems in society. What are the different problems in your
community today? How do these problems affect your daily life? How can these
problems be addressed by an ordinary student or citizen like you? (10 pts)

Knowing where you fit and understanding what's wrong in society is super
important to make things better. In my neighborhood, we're dealing with problems
like the environment getting messed up, not everyone having the same chances in
money and resources, some people not getting good education, others feeling down
in the dumps mentally, and health issues for everyone. As just a regular student or
person, you can help by telling people about these issues, volunteering your time,
supporting education programs, speaking up for fairness, getting involved in clean-
up projects, and being there for others' mental health. Doing these things can make
our neighborhood better, more fair, and a nice place for everyone to live.