MASTER KEY TO A’LEVEL PHYSICS

PHYSICS 9702
REVISION QUESITIONS
“PAPER 4”

Trial Edition 2022

Ivan Brayan MULUMBA
BSc. Educ. Makerere University Kampala Uganda
Currently Physics teacher at Nu-Vision High School

Contacts:
civia22@gmail.com
ivancivia@gmail.com
+250781197528
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© COPY RIGHT: All rights are reserved by Ivan Brayan MULUMBA and no
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part of this book is to be reproduced without prior permission fromRutherford
the copy right.
the owner of

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CONTENT
# Topic Page
1 Gravitational Fields 2
2 Electric Fields 61
3 Magnetic Fields & Electromagnetic Induction 160
4 Alternating Current 263
5 Capacitance 292
6 Oscillations & Simple Harmonic Motion 323
7 Temperature, Ideal Gases & Thermal Properties 400
8 Quantum Mechanics 469
9 Medical Physics 516
10 Nuclear Physics 563
11 Astro-Physics & Cosmology 595

UNIT 1 : GRAVITATIONAL FIELDS

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UNIT 2 : ELECTRIC FIELDS

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[3]

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UNIT 3: MAGNETIC FIELDS & ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION

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UNIT 4 : ALTERNATING CURRENT [A.C]

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UNIT 6: CAPACITANCE

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UNIT 7 : OSCILLATIONS & SIMPLE HARMONIC MOTION [SHM]

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UNIT 7 : TEMPERATURE, IDEAL GASES & THERMAL-PROPERTIES

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UNIT 8 : QUANTUM MECHANICS [QM]

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UNIT 9: MEDICAL PHYSICS

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UNIT 10: NUCLEAR PHYSICS

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 UNIT 12 : ASTROPHYSICS & COSMOLOGY

Useful constants
Solar Luminosity 𝑳⨀ = 𝟑. 𝟖𝟑 × 𝟏𝟎𝟐𝟔 𝐖
Wein’s Constant 𝒃 = 𝟐. 𝟗 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟑 m K
Stefan-Boltzmann’s constant 𝝈 = 𝟓. 𝟔𝟕 × 𝟏𝟎−𝟖 𝐖 𝒎−𝟐 𝑲−𝟒
1. (a) Explain what you understand by the following
(i) Light-year

(ii) Luminosity of a star

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 (iii) Radiant flux intensity

(b) State the relationship between radiant flux intensity F and distance d from the centre
of a star.

(c) The radiant flux intensity F from a star and its distance d are determine by some
astronomers. The percentage uncertainty in F is 1.2% and the percentage uncertainty in d
is 2.5%. What is the percentage uncertainty in the calculated value of the luminosity of
the star?

percentage uncertainty =………………………….% [3]

(d) Neptune is the farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System. Its distance
from the Sun is 30 times greater than the distance of the Earth from the Sun. The radiant
flux intensity from the Sun at the Earth is 1400 Wm-2. A space probe is close to Neptune.
Calculate the maximum radiant power received by an instrument of cross-sectional area
1.0 cm2 on this space probe.

maximum radiant power………………………………….. Wm-2 [3]

2. (a)Explain what is meant by a Standard Candle.

(b)The two well-Known Standard candles are Type 1A Supernovae and the Cepheid
variable Stars. Briefly describe the main feature of each candle

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 Type 1A Supernovae

Cepheid variable Stars

3. (a) State Wein’s Displacement Law

(b) Sketch the variation of intensity of radiation emitted with wavelength for a black
body at three different temperatures. [3]

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(c) The sun may be considered a blackbody whose surface temperature is 5800Kthat
emits radiation with wavelength 430 nm. Calculate the surface temperature of Sirius if
the wavelength of the radiation it emits is about 74 nm.

Temperature of Sirius =…………………..K[3]

4. (a)State Stefan-Boltzmann’s Law

(b)State two factors on which the luminosity of a star depends.

(c)A metal sphere of radius 1.5 cm is suspended with in an evacuated enclosure

whose walls are at 320 K.. Find the power input required to maintain the sphere at a
temperature of 320 K, if heat conduction along supports is negligible.

Power =……………………..W[3]
5. (a) Explain what is meant by the cosmological Redshift.

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(b)Explain why the cosmological redshift leads to the idea that the universe is
expanding.

[3]
−1
(c)A galaxy has a recession speed of 9400 km s . Calculate the fractional change in
the wavelength of the observed spectrum.

Fractional change =…………………….nm [2]

(d) The figure below shows recession speed v against distance d for some galaxies
as obtained by Edwin Hubble’s telescope.

(i) Describe how the recessional speed v of a distant galaxy can be determined using
a diffraction grating to analyse the light from the galaxy.

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 (ii) Explain what the scattering of the data obtained above says about the observations
made? [1]

(e) (i)Sirius A is moving towards the Earth at a relative velocity of 7600 𝑚𝑠 −1 .

Calculate the percentage change in the wavelength of a spectral line observed from
this star compared with an identical spectral line observed in the laboratory.

(ii)A student suggests that the distance of Sirius A can be calculated using
Hubble’s law and the speed given in (i). Discuss whether this suggestion is correct
or incorrect.

6. (a) State Hubble’s law.

(b)Explain how Hubble’s law leads to the Big-Bang Theory.

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(c)Explain briefly what is meant by the big bang.

(d) A galaxy is found to be moving away with a speed of 4.2 × 107 𝑚𝑠 −1 . The
galaxy is at a distance of 19.0 × 1024 𝑚.
(i)Determine the age of the universe, in years? State any assumption made.
(1 year ≈3.15 × 107 s)

Age =………..……………………. Years [4]

Assumption:

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 (ii)The answer in (i) is from the observation on one galaxy alone. Describe how
the astronomers can obtain a much more reliable value for the age of the universe
from a graph of v against d for many galaxies

(iii) Use your answer to (i) to estimate the farthest distance D that astronomers can
observe from the earth.

D =…………………………….. m [2]
7. (a) The figure below shows some of the energy levels of electrons in hydrogen gas
atoms. The energy levels are labelled A, B, C, and D

(i) Explain why the energy levels are negative

(ii) An electron makes a transition from level C to level A

1 Calculate the energy gained by this electron in eV.

Energy =…………………………………eV [1]

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 2 Calculate the wavelength in nm of the Photon absorbed by this
electron.

wavelength =………………………………nm [2]

(b) Light from a distant galaxy is passed through a diffraction grating. The figure
below shows the part of the spectrum of light that shows a strong hydrogen-alpha
emission line.

(ii) State how an emission line is produced.

(ii) State an adjustment that could be made to the experimental arrangement

that would space the emission lines more widely.

(iii) In the laboratory, the wavelength of the hydrogen-alpha emission line

is 656.3 nm. Use the figure above to determine the recession velocity
of the galaxy.

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 Velocity =……………………. 𝑚𝑠 −1 [4]
(iv) Suggest why hydrogen spectral lines play an important role in
determining red shift of galaxies.

(c) The recession speed v against distance d graph for some galaxies is shown.

(i) Deduce the Hubble constant Ho from the graph and Explain your
answer.

Ho =……………………..…. 𝑠 −1 [3]

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8. Light from a galaxy is passed through a diffraction grating. The diagram shows part
of the emission spectrum.

The strong emission spectral line has wavelength 662 nm.

(a) Calculate the energy of a photon of wavelength 662 nm.

Energy =…………………………………eV [2]

(b) Explain how a spectral line is produced by electrons within atoms.

(c) In the laboratory, the same spectral line has wavelength 656 nm.
(i) Calculate the speed of the galaxy.

Speed =…………………………………m s-1[2]

(ii) State the direction of travel of the galaxy.

(iii) State and explain what the wavelength of the same spectral line would
be for a much more distant galaxy.

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9. (a)Explain why the galaxies do not collapse on each other.

(b) Suggest a reason why it is difficult to predict the future of the universe.

(c) The figure below shows some absorption spectral lines of the spectrum of
calcium as observed from a source on the Earth and from a distant galaxy.

Describe an absorption spectrum

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 (d) A galaxy at a distance of 1.4 × 1024 𝑚 to be receding from the Earth at a
velocity of 3.4 × 107 𝑚𝑠 −1 . Calculate the Hubble constant Ho based on this
data.

10.Calculate the distance of 1 light-year (ly) in meters.

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 If you have understood all these questions,
Even the devil can not stop you from an A* In Physics
#ALL THE BEST#

© Ivan Brayan MULUMBA @ nvhs 2022

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