FACULTY OF COLLEGE OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT, CBE

UITM SHAH ALAM

BACHELOR OF BUILDING SURVEYORS (HONS.)

ASSIGNMENT 2

COURSE : BUILDING PATHOLOGY I

COURSE CODE : BSR455

LECTURER : SR. DR. MOHAMAD SUFIAN BIN HASIM

MADAM LILIS SHEREENA BINTI SAFIEE

DATE OF SUBMISSION : TBC

GROUP 9

STUDENT NAME STUDENT ID

1. NURIZZATI AMY’ LIYANA BINTI MOHD HASHIM 2022622912

2. IRDINA SOFEA BINTI SHAMSUDIN 2022622704

3. RIFQI RIFA’IE BIN RUZIMAN 2023119079

4. AMIR HAKIM BIN MAZLAN 2022818898

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

No Topic Page

SECTION A

1 LIST OF GROUP MEMBER 4

2 INTRODUCTION 5

3 WORK PLAN 6

SECTION B

4 COMPANY BACKGROUND 8

5 1.0 INTRODUCTION AND INSTRUCTION 10

6 2.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF INSPECTION

7 3.0 GENERAL INFORMATION 11

8 4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION 13

9 5.0 INSPECTION & CONDITION 16

10 6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS & PRIORITIES OF 25

WORK

11 7.0 APPENDICES 32

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 SECTION A

3
 GROUP MEMBERS

Nurizzati Amy’ Liyana Binti Mohd Hashim

Irdina Sofea Binti Shamsudin

Rifqi Rifa’ie Bin Ruziman

Amir Hakim Bin Mazlan

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INTRODUCTION

A structure is a place where people live and work together, or where an organization
conducts its operations, is called a structure. A building's other objectives include providing a
secure, healthy, and comfortable environment for people to carry out their activities as well as
shelter from the elements or environmental control. Building flaws continue to be a critical
problem that the construction industry must address as they can be caused by a range of
sources. Building flaws are a major cause of concern for the construction industry and are
frequently in the news. Different buildings and structures produce flaws in varying degrees
and types. Different buildings or structures produce different kinds of flaws and call for
varied levels and types of quality, which rely on the functions of the building, the
construction or maintenance methods utilized, and the materials employed.

We have been responsible for conducting the study of a building that we have chosen
for carrying out the building defect assignment at Pusat Komersial , Jalan Plumbum Y 7/Y ,
Seksyen 7 Shah Alam 40000 , Selangor. The type of building is 4 Storey mixed use building
(retail and residential). This building price is estimated around RM240,000-RM2,8000,000.
The materials used in this building are concrete, steel, glass, and aluminum. The design of the
building has modern looks.

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 WORK SCHEDULE

WORK PLAN

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 SECTION B

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 BSR CONSULTANT SDN BHD
255034-H

30-D-1, JLN SERAI WANGI M 16/M , ALAM AVENUE , 40000 SHAH ALAM ,
SELANGOR
03-55234772
BUILDING SURVEYING /BUILDING ENGINEERING CONSULTANCY WORKS

Inspector:
Sr.Nurizzati Amy’Liana Binti Mohd Hashim
Sr.Irdina Sofea Binti Shamsudin
Sr.Rifqi Rifa’ie Bin Ruziman
Sr.Amir Hakim Bin Mazlan

Prepared For:
Dr.Mohamad Sufian B Hashim

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 COMPANY BACKGROUND

COMPANY LOGO

BSR CONSULTANT SDN BHD

REGISTRATION NO. 255034-H

DATE OF 9 APRIL 2020

REGISTRATION

REGISTRATION 30-D-1, JLN SERAI WANGI M 16/M , ALAM AVENUE ,

ADDRESS AND 40000 SHAH ALAM , SELANGOR
BUSINESS ADDRESS

TELEPHONE NO. 03-55234772

EMAIL bsrconsultant.business.site@gmail.com

NATURE OF BUSINESS BUILDING SURVEYING /BUILDING ENGINEERING

CONSULTANCY WORKS

PRINCIPLE BANKER MALAYSIA BANKING BERHAD

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1.0 INTRODUCTION AND INSTRUCTION

As part of our coursework, we must complete a case study for our project. For this reason, we
were tasked with picking a commercial building in Commercial Centre Section 7, and we
decided to work on the entire block G. We did a visual inspection of the premises. The
assessment is restricted to determining the current state of the easily identifiable construction
components listed below.
● Roof
● Ceiling
● Opening
● Floor
● Services
● Site and environment

2.0 PURPOSE AND SCOPE OF INSPECTION

The purpose of inspection is to repair and renovate the shop lot defects. This inspection is
visual and auditory on the property to gain information and also identify the condition of the
systems and elements of every part of home that are defective and recognize the possible
causes of the defect. The purpose of the inspection is to repair the defects that have been
detected at the shop lot.

As per request , a visual inspection was performed of the property . Our inspection was
limited to identify the external building existing conditions of the following readily visible
building components.

● Structure
● Roofting System
● Wall
● Window and Door system

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 3.0 GENERAL INFORMATION

3.1 DATE OF SURVEY

● 15 May 2023
● 24 May 2023
● 8 June 2023

3.2 NAME AND ADDRESS OF CLIENT

Sr. Dr. Mohamad Sufian Bin Hasim

School of Real Estate and Building Surveying College of Built Environment,

University Technology MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.

3.3 INSPECTORS
● Sr. Nurizzati Amy’ Liyana Binti Mohd Hashim
● Sr. Irdina Sofea Binti Shamsudin
● Sr. Rifqi Rifa’ie Bin Ruziman
● Sr. Amir Hakim Bin Mazlan

3.4 PROPERTY ADDRESS

Block G, Jalan Plumbum Y 7/Y, Seksyen 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor.

3.5 WEATHER CONDITION AT TIME OF SURVEY

15 MAY 2023 24 MAY 2023 8 JUNE 2023

Morning Afternoon Morning - Afternoon

Heavy Rain Sunny Sunny

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3.6 TENURE AND OCCUPANCY

Tenure : leasehold

Shop Lot No. Name of Shop Nature of Business

YG-49 eBunda Food and Beverages

YG-47 1 Stop (Galeri Kereta) Food and Beverages

YG-45 SBS Hair & Beauty Salon Accessories

YG-45 POST CENTRE Posting Services Centre

YG-43 PENLINE ART SUPPLIES SDN Stationary

BHD

YG-41 Blink pro clean Car Service Centre

YG-39 KEDAI RUNCIT FRESH MART Food and Beverages

YG-37 RFW MAJU NIAGA Food and Beverages

YG-35 GQ eye trend Optical Centre

YG-33 SUZUKA (motor service) Motor Service Centre

YG-31 KLINIK KELUARGA FIRDAUS Medical Centre

YG-29 Goocutz Hair Studio Accessories

YG-29 Fresh Bazar Food and Beverages

YG-27 PAJAK GADAI Pawn Shop

YG-25 LIELY HAIR STUDIO Accessories

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4.0 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

4.1 DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY

● This building is located at Seksyen 7 Shah Alam, Selangor.
● Type of building is 4 story shop house
● Land type is strata
● Approximate floor area 800 sq. ft.

4.2 APPROXIMATE AGE

● 15 years.

4.3 ACCOMMODATION
● Three bedroom
● One living room
● Two bathroom
● One kitchen

4.4 SITE & GROUND CONDITION

● The ground condition is flat
● Surrounded by other building

4.5 OUTBUILDINGS & PARKING

● Many space for parking outside of the building
● Thrash house
● Gas station

4.6 ORIENTATION
● Orientation of the building is facing to the north
● The suns rises from the right side of building
● The suns sets at the left side of building

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 4.7 LOCATION AND AMENITIES
The property is located 24, Jalan Plumbum Y 7/Y, Seksyen 7, 40000 Shah Alam, Selangor

Figure 4.7.1 shows the location view from the google maps

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 Figure 4.7.2 shows the amenities from the site

No Amenities Distance (approximate)

1 Federal highway 50m

2 Bus station 100m

3 UiTM Shah Alam gate b 200m

4 Sultan Salahuddin Abdul Aziz Mosque 2.6km

5 Central I-City 1km

4.8 SUMMARY OF CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS

Element Description

Wall Brick

Roof Clay roof tiles

Door Metal

Window Casement window

Floor Concrete

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5.0 INSPECTION AND CONDITION

5.1 ROOF/CEILING

INTRODUCTION

Roof/ceiling has several defects in the element roof and ceilings. The identified defects
include dampness/mould growth and cracks. Fortunately, most of the defects are in a good
and fair condition, meaning that they only require minor work to remedy and do not pose
serious problems.

LOCATION DESCRIPTION POSSIBLE REMARK

OF DEFECT CAUSES

YG-49 Weathering due to weathering

action

YG-25 Rusting Due to low quality

and weathering

YG-39
Paint peeling or due to moisture from
blistering paint storm, lack of damp
proof membrane and
poor workmanship

Foresight View

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 Closed-up View

YG-27
Dampness on caused by leakage of
ceilings roof, lack of damp
proof membrane and
poor workmanship.

Foresight View

Closed-up View

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 YG-31
Cracks on beam caused by tensile
concrete stresses in the beam
exceeds the tensile
capacity, poor
workmanship and
poor quality of
material.

Foresight View

Closed-up View

CONCLUSION
As a conclusion , the roof and ceiling have major defects that can cause the quality
and it should not be left for too long because the defects will be spread to the other structure.
Besides that, If the defects spread, the structure of the roof and ceiling will become weak.

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5.2 WALL

INTRODUCTION

The overall condition of the wall is good as there are no major defects detected throughout
the inspection . Both the external and internal wall is made of brick wall. Then, The wall have
minor and major defect that have been detect , but the wall is fine to be use untilnow . It have
been 15 years the wall been use for this shop lot . The wall is suit to be use at the shop lot lot.
The wall element maintenance is correct base on schedule.

● Minor problems

LOCATION DESCRIPTION POSSIBLE CAUSES REMARK

OF DEFECT

YG- 43 Crack Due to movement

● Diagonal Which have cause the
crack at the materials.
wall

YG-41 Crack Due to movement

● Vertical which have cause the
crack about materials expand.
0.5 length

YG-33 Peeling paint High Humidity and

● The peeling excessive
paint at the condensation.
wall

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 ● Major problems

LOCATIO DESCRIPTION OF POSSIBLE REMARK

N DEFECT CAUSES

YG-29 Mould and paint Mold can grow on

blistering. Mould and the surface as there
paint blistering is high moisture
content.

YG-39 Mould growth Excess moisture in

● Mould formed the air and wall such
on the exterior as pipe leaking and
wall it creates mould on
the wall .

YG-41 Cracked During contraction

● The combination and expansion
of horizontal and surface layer on the
diagonal crack at surface.
wall.

CONCLUSION
As a conclusion , the wall is in good condition but it should not be leave it for too
long because the defects like crack will be spread to the other structure. Besides that,
If the crack spreads the structure of the wall become weak and its not strong enough
to carry all the loads in the building .

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5.3 OPENING
INTRODUCTION

Based on the information provided, it appears that the property has several defects in the
window element. The identified defects include dampness/mould growth cracks and paint
blistering. Fortunately, most of the defects are in a good and fair condition, meaning that they
only require minor work to remedy and do not pose serious problems.

● Minor defects

LOCATION DESCRIPTION POSSIBLE CAUSES REMARK

OF DEFECT

YG-49
Peeling or Moisture from storm and heat
blistering paint from the sun,

lack of damp proof

membrane and poor
workmanship

YG-47
Crack of the Might be a continuously or
external window follow up after the serious
extra moisture
structure

YG-45
Mold growth extra moisture content

heavy rain

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CONCLUSION

In conclusion, all the windows are still in good condition. The defects only affect the
aesthetic value of the overall building.

5.4 FLOOR

INTRODUCTION

Concrete floors serve as the base for the majority of commercial and industrial floor finishes.
They are defined by outstanding quality, durability and versatility in relation to cost. Based
on information, we found that there is a defect in the floor such as blistering, dampness. Since
the building has been used for 15 years, deterioration of the concrete leads to many
consequences such mold growth, blistering, scaling and broken surface on the floor. Foot
traffic will wear out any form of flooring, including concrete. Concrete floors will need to
have their finish repaired from time to time so that wear and tear do not affect the concrete
sealer and stain beneath it.

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 ● Major defect

LOCATION DESCRIPTION OF POSSIBLE CAUSES REMARK

DEFECT

YG-25 - Dampness or mold -Poor maintenance

growth - Improper water
Liliey channel
hair studio
- Extra moisture
Right because of the heavy
rain

YG-33 Broken surface on the -Overloading the

floor concrete slab
Suzuka
(motor service) - Poor maintenance

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Minor Defects

LOCATION DESCRIPTION OF POSSIBLE CAUSES REMARK

DEFECT

YG-39 Blistering on the floor -Due to excessive

vibration of concrete
Kedai runcit mix or presence of
fresh mart excess entrapped air in
mix

-Improper finishing
and use of tools

Conclusion

As a conclusion, the floor has major defects that can cause dangerous for users, the quality
and it should not be left for too long because the defect will be spread to the other structure.
As a result, the structure requires some maintenance in order to avoid the things we don't
want.

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6.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND PRIORITIES
6.1 SPECIFIC REQUIREMENT

Smoke detector
In places where a fire might start, such as the kitchen, stairs, and living room, we advise
placing smoke alarms. This property is big. It would be difficult for everyone to hear a "fire"
yell. Therefore, other tenants could detect it with a simple smoke detector. A smoke alarm
system can assist in preventing more property damage and, more importantly, death. For the
safety of ourselves and those we care about, it's a chance to be more cautious about the
property. Smoke alarms warn us when there is smoke so that we are able to leave the area or
put out the fire.

Fire extinguisher
We recommend that you keep a fire extinguisher at your house and shop. Fire extinguishers
are required in both the home and the workplace. It has the potential to slow the progress of
the fire. With all of the flammable items in this house, such as curtains, mattresses, carpets,
and furniture, a fire may spread quickly. We strongly recommend keeping a powder fire
extinguisher on hand. It is most effective in the majority of cases. A dry powder fire
extinguisher is a versatile extinguisher that may be used to put out most types of flames. It
can be used to extinguish flames caused by flammable gas or liquid, electrical equipment, and
organic materials such as wood, fabrics, and cardboard, making it a perfect extinguisher to
have on hand in case any unwanted scenario happens.

6.2 NEED FOR FURTHER INVESTIGATION OR MONITORING

At this part, we will give some example and need for further investigation and monitoring for
some defect and element that we have found when we do the inspection

6.2.1 Roof/Ceiling

On this roof and ceiling element, we can see that there are some defects that require further
investigation. This is because the area has leakage and crack problems on the timber beading
ceiling. This matter is not a serious problem but since there are things about dampness and

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crack involved, we need to see or observe a little bit of time. This is because the possible
cause that will be reached by the client or homeowner is that the ceiling panel can fall at any
time. This will endanger the occupant of this house and may cause serious injury. Ofcourse,
the owner needs to fix this problem as fast as he can by replacing a new one to prevent
unwanted things from happening.

6.2.2 Renovation

We also need to take action for the lot that has renovated the shop lot. We need to check if
they renovate the front shop with permit or without permit. This is because some of the shop
lots have been renovated such as lot YG-49, YG-45, YG-39 and YG-29.

6.3 MATTERS TO BE CHECKED BY LEGAL ADVISOR

The inspector does not act as the legal advisor and does not comment on any legal documents
permit.However , if during the inspection issues are identified that the client ‘s legal advisor
may need to investigate. These will be listed and if needed, for example, check whether there
is warranty covering replacement of windows. The client should show their legal advisors for
this section of the report.

6.4 MATTERS THAT MIGHT MATERIALLY AFFECT VALUE

There are numerous aspects of the building that could materially alter its value. The presence
of the evidence building cracks and dampness are the elements that could influence the value
of the client's unit. Our study turned up serious problems with this unit, mainly the obvious
cracks and moisture, which would lower the unit's value.

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 6.5 RECOMMENDATION AND PRIORITIES FOR WORK
Here are some of the recommendation that can be done based on the findings of some
defects:

6.5.1 ROOF

1. Roof (C.YG-49.F3) *priorities*

Problem : Weathering
Solution :
1. Inspection: Begin by inspecting the roof to identify the specific areas that are weathered or
damaged. Look for cracked, curled, or missing shingles, as well as any signs of wear and tear.

2. Repair or Replace Shingles: If you notice individual shingles that are damaged, you can
opt to repair or replace them. For minor issues like cracks or curling, you may be able to use
roofing cement or adhesive to secure the shingles back in place. However, if the shingles are
extensively damaged or missing, it's best to replace them entirely.

3. Sealant Application: Use a roof sealant or coating designed for your specific roofing
material to protect it from further weathering. This can help prevent water infiltration and
slow down the deterioration process. Follow the manufacturer's instructions for application.

4. Clear Debris: Ensure that the roof is clear of any debris, such as leaves or branches, that
can trap moisture and accelerate weathering. Regularly clean your gutters to prevent water
backup, which can lead to roof damage.

5. Address Ventilation: Inadequate roof ventilation can contribute to weathering and

premature aging. Check that your attic has proper ventilation to allow for the escape of heat
and moisture, which can otherwise build up and cause damage to the roof.

6. Professional Inspection: If the weathering is severe or you're unsure about the extent of the
damage, it's recommended to consult a professional roofer. They can provide a thorough
assessment of the roof and recommend appropriate repairs or replacement options.

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 2. Roof (C.YG-25.F3)
Problems : Rusting
Solution :
1. Clean and Remove Rust: Start by cleaning the rusted areas using a wire brush or sandpaper
to remove loose rust particles. Once the surface is clean, apply a rust converter or a
rust-inhibiting primer to stop further rusting.

2. Apply Rust-Resistant Coating: Consider applying a rust-resistant coating or paint

specifically designed for metal roofs. These coatings act as a protective barrier against
moisture and prevent rust formation. Make sure to choose a coating that is suitable for your
roof material and follow the manufacturer's instructions for application.

3. Regular Maintenance: Implement a regular maintenance routine to keep your roof in good
condition. This can include inspecting your roof periodically for signs of rust and addressing
any issues promptly. Clean debris, such as leaves or branches, from the roof to prevent
moisture buildup.

4. Repair or Replace Damaged Panels: If there are severely rusted or damaged panels, you
may need to repair or replace them. Consult with a professional roofer or contractor to assess
the extent of the damage and determine the best course of action.

5. Improve Ventilation: Poor ventilation can contribute to moisture buildup, which can
accelerate rust formation. Ensure that your roof has adequate ventilation to allow proper
airflow, reducing the chances of rusting.

6. Consider Roof Coatings: Roof coatings, such as elastomeric coatings, can provide an extra
layer of protection for your roof. These coatings can help extend the life of your roof and
provide resistance against rusting, UV rays, and other environmental factors.

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 3. Ceiling (C.YG-39.GF)
Problem : Peeling or blistering paint
Solution : If the blisters do not go all the way down to the substrate, remove them by scraping
and sanding. Once the problem area has a smooth finish, coat with primer before applying a
quality acrylic latex interior paint. If the blisters go down to the substrate, you will need to
remove the source of moisture, if possible.

4. Ceiling (C.27.GF)
Problem : Dampness on ceilings will allow mold to grow bigger
Solution : Improving the ventilation can help prevent excess moisture in the air, leading to
damp patches on the ceiling. This may involve installing exhaust fans in the bathroom,
opening windows to improve airflow, or using a dehumidifier to reduce humidity levels.

5. Ceiling (C.31.GF)
Problem : Cracks on beam concrete
Solution : Smaller cracks, less than 1/4 inch wide, can be repaired with a concrete caulk or
liquid filler. Patching compounds typically are mixed with water and applied with a trowel.

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6.5.2 WALL

1. Internal Wall ( W.C2.PL)

Problem: Diagonal crack at the wall
Solution: Break a bit the concrete along through the crack line in about 0.05m
width , Fill the new concrete inside the broken area and do proper
finising , Repaint the affected area , Clean all the debris off the site.

2. Internal Wall ( W.B2.PL)

Problem : Vertical crack along the wall
Solution: Break a bit the concrete along through the crack line in about 0.05m
width, Fill the new concrete inside the broken area and do proper
finishing , Repaint the affected area , Clean all the debris off the site.

3. Internal wall (W.C3.GF)

Problem: Diagonal crack around windows
Solution: Break a bit the concrete along through the crack line in about 0.05m
Width, Fill the new concrete inside the broken area and do proper
Finishing , Repaint the affected area , Clean all the debris off the site .

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 6.5.3 FLOOR
1. Floor ( F,YG-25,GF) *Priorities*
Problem: Mold growth can cause slippery conditions for users.
Solution: Use a soft brush and scrub until signs of the mold disappear. After scrubbing
the surfaces, allow the bleach solution to continue to penetrate the surface dry, wipe
off but do not rinse. Set trim in direct sunlight to dry. Scrub concrete with Trisodium
phosphate which is good for removing the mold.

2. Floor (F,YG-33) *Priorities* and (F,YG-39)

Problem: Broken surface on the concrete slab and blistering
Solution: Add some evaporation retarders. Then, cover the surface with polyethylene
film or wet burlap.

6.5.4 OPENING
1. External window (WI.YG-47.1F)
Problem: Small crack on the external window structure
Solution: Small cracks can be remedied by applying the concrete liquid filler until it
holds grip between the crack.

2. External window (WI.YG-49.1F)

Problem: Peeling or blistering paint
Solution: Remove the blisters by scraping or sanding down to the bare surface

Prime all bare areas with a high-quality primer

Repaint the surface with a high-quality paint in the desired finish

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7.0 APPENDICES
7.1 Building Plans & Tagging of Defects

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7.2 Elevation Plans and Building Defects

LEGEND

ROOF/CEILING

WALL

OPENING

FLOOR

7.3 Sketches

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7.4 Fieldwork Notes

34
7.5 Proforma form

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7.6 Others

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