Tool Design

DESIGN OF JIGS AND FIXTURES

Dr.B.CHOKKALINGAM ME, Ph.D
Associate Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Sri Ramakrishna Institute of
Technology
Coimbatore-641010
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z Process of developing tools, methods and
techniques to improve productivity
z Gives industry the machines and special
tooling needed for high volume production
z Ensures Quality
z Reduces the cost of manufacturing
z Growing process of creative problem solving

Types of Tools Objectives of Tool Design

z Material Cutting Tools z Provide simple, easy to operate tools for

z Work Holding Devices maximum efficiency
z Press Working Tools z Reduce the manufacturing cost
z Bending, Forming and Drawing Dies z Design tools that consistently produce parts
z Tool Design for Inspection and Gauging of high quality
z Tool Design for Joining Processes z Increase the rate of production with existing
machine tools
z Tooling for Casting

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 Objectives of Tool Design Workholding Devices

z Design the tool to make it foolproof and to
prevent improper use
z Select materials that will give adequate tool
life
z Design the tools for maximum safety of the
operator.
z All devices that hold, grip, or chuck a
workpiece in a prescribed manner of
firmness and location, to perform on it a
manufacturing operation

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Jig
Jig

z Hold, support and accurately position a

workpiece

z Provides some means for guiding the

cutting tool

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 Fixture Fixture

z Hold and accurately position a

workpiece

z Does not guides the cutting tool.

z References the cutting tool

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Drill Jig Drill Jig

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 Drill Jig Drill Jig

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Drill Jig Drill Jig

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 Drill Jig Drill Jig

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Drill Jig Drill Jig

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 Milling Fixture Showing Method of
Milling Fixture Setting Cutter

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Indexing Milling Fixture Face Milling Fixture

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 Milling Fixture

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Tenon Location between Fixture and

Machine Table Planer Fixture

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 Function of Jig Function of Fixture

Jig Fixture
z Hold, support and accurately position a z Hold and accurately position a workpiece but
workpiece does not guide or locate the cutting tool
z Provides some means for guiding the cutting z Used for milling, grinding, shaping, turning,
tool planning, honing, lapping, broaching, boring
z Used on drilling, reaming, tapping and assembly and welding operations
counterboring operations

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Jig Fixture

Jigs use drill bushings to Fixtures, use set blocks and

support and guide the tool. thickness gages (feeler gages) to
locate the tool relative to the
workpiece.

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 What is the difference between a jig and
Jigs and Fixtures a fixture?
Fixtures, use set blocks and
jigs use drill bushings to thickness gages (feeler gages) to
Jig Fixture
support and guide the tool. locate the tool relative to the hold, support, and locate hold, support, and locate the
workpiece.
the workpiece workpiece
guides the cutting tool. Does not guides the cutting
tool. references the cutting
tool)
Not fixed to the machine Bolted or clamped to the
table machine table
Usually lighter in Usually heavier in
construction construction
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What is the difference between a jig

and a fixture? Advantages of Jigs & Fixtures

Jig Fixture 1.COST REDUCTION

Used on drilling, reaming, Used for milling, grinding, z Higher Production
tapping and counterboring shaping, turning, planning,
operations honing, lapping, broaching, z Reduced Scrap
boring, assembly and
welding operations z Easier for Assembly
z Saving in Labour Cost
z Overall Reduction of Cost

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 Advantages of Jigs & Fixtures Advantages of Jigs & Fixtures

2. PRODUCTIVITY 3.SKILL REDUCTION

z Elimination of Marking, Punching, Positioning,
z Elimination of Alignment
z Elimination of Frequent Checking
z Improve Safety of the Machine
z Improve Accuracy
z Duplication of Parts
z No need for Skillful Setting of the Workpiece
or Tool
z An Average Person can be Trained to Use
Jigs and Fixtures
z Use of Unskilled Labour saves Labour Cost
z Minimize the Possibility of Human Error

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Advantages of Jigs & Fixtures Disadvantages of Jigs & Fixtures

4.INTERCHANGEABILITY

z Uniform Quality in Manufacture

z No Need for Selective Assembly

z All Similar Components are Interchangeable

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Jig Feet

z Jig Components
z Locators
z Clamps
z Jig plate with bushes
z Jig body
z Other elements as required
z Supports
z Jig feet

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 Locating Devices

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 Workpiece Stops Workpiece Supports

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Workpiece Clamping

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Drill jig components

z Jig body
– Holds the various parts of a jig assembly.
z Cap screws and dowel pins
– Hold fabricated parts together

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 Drill jig component-Locating devices

– Pins, pads, and recesses used to

locate the workpiece on the jig.

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Drill jig components-Clamping devices Drill jig components

z Locking pins
– Inserted after the first
hole is drilled to lock or
hold the workpiece
securely to the jig plate
while subsequent holes
are being drilled.

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