NETWORKS

Answer all question

Q1.What is a network?
• A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order
to share resources (such as printers and CDs), exchange files, or allow
electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked
through cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light
beams.

Two very common types of networks include:

Local Area Network (LAN)

Wide Area Network (WAN)
You may also see references to a Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN), a Wireless
LAN (WLAN), or a Wireless WAN (WWAN).

Q2.What are the different types of networks

• A computer network can be divided into the following types, based on
the geographical area that they cover, they are:
• LAN(Local Area Network)
• MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
• WAN(Wide Area Network)

Q3.What is network Cabling

 • Network cables are used to connect and transfer data and information
between computers, routers, switches and storage area networks. These
cables are essentially the carrier or media through which data flows

Q4.What are the different types of network cables used in networking?

• Network cables can be divided into four types: coaxial, shielded twisted
pair (STP), unshielded twisted pair (UTP), or fibre optic.

Q5.What is a subnet ?
• A subnet, or subnetwork, is a network inside a network. Subnets make
networks more efficient. Through subnetting, network traffic can travel a
shorter distance without passing through unnecessary routers to reach its
destination.
Q6.What is DNS?
• The Domain Name System (DNS) is the phonebook of the Internet. Humans
access information online through domain names, like nytimes.com or
espn.com. Web browsers interact through Internet Protocol (IP) addresses.
DNS translates domain names to IP addresses so browsers can load Internet
resources
Q7.What is network topology and what are the types of networks topologies?
• Topology defines the structure of the network of how all the components
are interconnected to each other. There are two types of topology: physical
and logical topology.
• Physical topology is the geometric representation of all the nodes in a
network. There are six types of network topology which are Bus Topology,
Ring Topology, Tree Topology, Star Topology, Mesh Topology, and Hybrid
Topology.
Q8.What are client and server in the network?
 • A client in a client-server network performs three main functions: initiating
requests, processing responses, and communicating with other clients. A
client initiates a request by sending a message to the server using a specific
protocol, such as HTTP, SMTP, FTP, or SMB
• A server is a computer or system that provides resources, data, services, or
programs to other computers, known as clients, over a network. In theory,
whenever computers share resources with client machines they are
considered servers.

Q9.What is MAC address?

• A MAC address (media access control address) is a 12-digit hexadecimal
number assigned to each device connected to the network. Primarily
specified as a unique identifier during device manufacturing, the MAC
address is often found on a device's network interface card (NIC). A MAC
address is required when trying to locate a device or when performing
diagnostics on a network device.

Q10.What is an IP address
• An IP address is a string of numbers separated by periods. IP addresses are
expressed as a set of four numbers — an example address might be
192.158.1.38. Each number in the set can range from 0 to 255. So, the full
IP addressing range goes from 0.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255.
•
• IP addresses are not random. They are mathematically produced and
allocated by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), a division of
the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN). ICANN
is a non-profit organization that was established in the United States in
1998 to help maintain the security of the internet and allow it to be usable
by all. Each time anyone registers a domain on the internet, they go
through a domain name registrar, who pays a small fee to ICANN to register
the domain.
Q11.How to find the IP address of a website
• You can find the IP address of any website through the command prompt
by using the ping command. The ping command checks the response time
for a connection, which indicates the connection’s reliability, but it also
returns the IP address of a website.
Q12.What is bandwidth?
• Bandwidth is the data transfer capacity of a network in bits per second
(Bps). The term may also be used colloquially to indicate a person's capacity
for tasks or deep thoughts at a point in time
Q13.What is firewall?
• A Firewall is a network security device that monitors and filters incoming
and outgoing network traffic based on an organization’s previously
established security policies. At its most basic, a firewall is essentially the
barrier that sits between a private internal network and the public Internet.
A firewall’s main purpose is to allow non-threatening traffic in and to keep
dangerous traffic out.

Q14.What are the major types of networks.

• Local area network (LAN) ...
• Personal area network (PAN) ...
• Wireless local area network (WLAN) ...
• Campus area network (CAN) ...
• Metropolitan area network (MAN) ...
• Wide area network (WAN) ...
• Storage area network (SAN) ...
• Passive optical local area network (POLAN)

Q15.What are the importance topologies for the network?

• A well-defined network topology makes it easier for network admins to
locate faults, troubleshoot issues and to allocate network resources.
Diagrams are an important reference point in helping to diagnose network
issues, as they can represent physical and logical layouts.